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6. Brain-based classification of youth with anxiety disorders: transdiagnostic examinations within the ENIGMA-Anxiety database using machine learning

Author

Bruin, Willem B., Zhutovsky, Paul, van Wingen, Guido A., Bas-Hoogendam, Janna Marie, Groenewold, Nynke A., Hilbert, Kevin, Winkler, Anderson M., Zugman, Andre, Agosta, Federica, Åhs, Fredrik, Andreescu, Carmen, Antonacci, Chase, Asami, Takeshi, Assaf, Michal, Barber, Jacques P., Bauer, Jochen, Bavdekar, Shreya Y., Beesdo-Baum, Katja, Benedetti, Francesco, Bernstein, Rachel, Björkstrand, Johannes, Blair, Robert J., Blair, Karina S., Blanco-Hinojo, Laura, Böhnlein, Joscha, Brambilla, Paolo, Bressan, Rodrigo A., Breuer, Fabian, Cano, Marta, Canu, Elisa, Cardinale, Elise M., Cardoner, Narcís, Cividini, Camilla, Cremers, Henk, Dannlowski, Udo, Diefenbach, Gretchen J., Domschke, Katharina, Doruyter, Alexander G. G., Dresler, Thomas, Erhardt, Angelika, Filippi, Massimo, Fonzo, Gregory A., Freitag, Gabrielle F., Furmark, Tomas, Ge, Tian, Gerber, Andrew J., Gosnell, Savannah N., Grabe, Hans J., Grotegerd, Dominik, Gur, Ruben C., Gur, Raquel E., Hamm, Alfons O., Han, Laura K. M., Harper, Jennifer C., Harrewijn, Anita, Heeren, Alexandre, Hofmann, David, Jackowski, Andrea P., Jahanshad, Neda, Jett, Laura, Kaczkurkin, Antonia N., Khosravi, Parmis, Kingsley, Ellen N., Kircher, Tilo, Kostic, Milutin, Larsen, Bart, Lee, Sang-Hyuk, Leehr, Elisabeth J., Leibenluft, Ellen, Lochner, Christine, Lui, Su, Maggioni, Eleonora, Manfro, Gisele G., Månsson, Kristoffer N. T., Marino, Claire E., Meeten, Frances, Milrod, Barbara, Jovanovic, Ana Munjiza, Mwangi, Benson, Myers, Michael J., Neufang, Susanne, Nielsen, Jared A., Ohrmann, Patricia A., Ottaviani, Cristina, Paulus, Martin P., Perino, Michael T., Phan, K. Luan, Poletti, Sara, Porta-Casteràs, Daniel, Pujol, Jesus, Reinecke, Andrea, Ringlein, Grace V., Rjabtsenkov, Pavel, Roelofs, Karin, Salas, Ramiro, Salum, Giovanni A., Satterthwaite, Theodore D., Schrammen, Elisabeth, Sindermann, Lisa, Smoller, Jordan W., Soares, Jair C., Stark, Rudolf, Stein, Frederike, Straube, Thomas, Straube, Benjamin, Strawn, Jeffrey R., Suarez-Jimenez, Benjamin, Sylvester, Chad M., Talati, Ardesheer, Thomopoulos, Sophia I., Tükel, Raşit, van Nieuwenhuizen, Helena, Werwath, Kathryn, Wittfeld, Katharina, Wright, Barry, Wu, Mon-Ju, Yang, Yunbo, Zilverstand, Anna, Zwanzger, Peter, Blackford, Jennifer U., Avery, Suzanne N., Clauss, Jacqueline A., Lueken, Ulrike, Thompson, Paul M., Pine, Daniel S., Stein, Dan J., van der Wee, Nic J. A., Veltman, Dick J., and Aghajani, Moji

Published
2024
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10. Konsensusstatement der Migräne- und Kopfschmerzgesellschaften (DMKG, ÖKSG & SKG) zur Therapiedauer der medikamentösen Migräneprophylaxe

Author

Goßrau, Gudrun, Förderreuther, Stefanie, Ruscheweyh, Ruth, Ruschil, Victoria, Sprenger, Till, Lewis, David, Kamm, Katharina, Freilinger, Tobias, Neeb, Lars, Malzacher, Volker, Meier, Uwe, Gehring, Klaus, Kraya, Torsten, Dresler, Thomas, Schankin, Christoph J., Gantenbein, Andreas R., Brössner, Gregor, Zebenholzer, Karin, Diener, Hans-Christoph, Gaul, Charly, and Jürgens, Tim P.

Published
2023
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12. Basic Reading and Reading-Related Language Skills in Adults with Deficient Reading Comprehension Who Read a Transparent Orthography

Author

Bar-Kochva, Irit, Vágvölgyi, Réka, Dresler, Thomas, Nagengast, Benjamin, Schröter, Hannes, Schrader, Josef, and Nuerk, Hans-Christoph

Abstract

This study set out to examine the basic reading skills (accuracy and fluency in decoding, word and text reading) and some of the reading-related language skills (phonological awareness and rapid-naming) of 54 adults with low reading comprehension, who read the transparent German orthography. Participants were born in Germany and showed a typical non-verbal processing speed. With the exception of reading accuracy, participants were expected to present deficits in all basic reading and reading-related skills. The average performance in measures of decoding and word reading fluency was extremely low. A notable proportion of the sample, however, did not present a deficit in these measures. As expected, the average rate of reading errors was generally low. Nevertheless, text reading accuracy was deficient for one quarter of the sample. Tests addressing the reading-related language skills also indicated an average low performance in phonological awareness, but not in rapid-naming. Here too, a notable variance was observed. These results suggest that deficits in the basic reading skills and in phonological awareness characterise, on average, adults with low reading comprehension. At the same time, significant deficits in reading comprehension in this population do not necessarily imply deficits in the more basic skills of reading as well. In addition, the results indicate that reading accuracy constitutes a source of difficulty for some of these adults, despite the reading of a transparent orthography. The sources for the variance in performance throughout the different reading and reading-related measures remain to be explored.

Published
2021
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14. Definitionen und Diagnostik

Author

Batra, Anil, Dresler, Thomas, Fuchs, Stephan, Gertz, Hermann-Josef, Häuser, Winfried, Petzke, Frank, Rosada, Adrian, Veltrup, Clemens, Havemann-Reinecke, Ursula, Batra, Anil, editor, and Havemann-Reinecke, Ursula, editor

Published
2022
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21. Erratum zu: Konsensusstatement der Migräne- und Kopfschmerzgesellschaften (DMKG, ÖKSG & SKG) zur Therapiedauer der medikamentösen Migräneprophylaxe

Author

Goßrau, Gudrun, Förderreuther, Stefanie, Ruscheweyh, Ruth, Ruschil, Victoria, Sprenger, Till, Lewis, David, Kamm, Katharina, Freilinger, Tobias, Neeb, Lars, Malzacher, Volker, Meier, Uwe, Gehring, Klaus, Kraya, Torsten, Dresler, Thomas, Schankin, Christoph J., Gantenbein, Andreas R., Brössner, Gregor, Zebenholzer, Karin, Diener, Hans-Christoph, Gaul, Charly, and Jürgens, Tim P.

Published
2023
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22. Low literacy skills in adults can be largely explained by basic linguistic and domain-general predictors.

Author

Vágvölgyi, Réka, Sahlender, Moritz, Schröter, Hannes, Nagengast, Benjamin, Dresler, Thomas, Schrader, Josef, and Nuerk, Hans-Christoph

Subjects
ADULT literacy, STRUGGLING readers, SHORT-term memory, ORTHOGRAPHY & spelling, OVERWEIGHT persons, READING comprehension, LISTENING comprehension
Abstract

Introduction: Despite having sufficient formal education, a large group of people cannot complete everyday tasks like reading, writing, or making basic calculations. Regarding reading, millions of people are not able to understand more complex texts despite the ability to read simple words or sentences; they have low literacy skills. Even though this problem has been known for decades, the causes and predictors of their poor reading comprehension skills are not fully explored. Socioeconomic, sociodemographic, and reading-related (i.e., linguistic) factors, especially of English-speaking participants and thus users of an opaque orthography, were often assessed. The goal of this study was to examine which linguistic, domain-general, or numerical factors predict substandard complex text reading as the core symptom of low literacy skills in adulthood. Methods: To this end, we assessed a group of German-speaking participants--users of a transparent orthography--who are at risk for complex text reading deficits. Results: The results indicated that linguistic variables (reduced word/pseudoword reading, weaker oral semantic and grammatical comprehension), working memory, and age predicted lower performance in text comprehension. This model explained 73% of the total variance, indicating that most of the deficits in complex text reading can be explained by a group of basic underlying linguistic and domain-general factors. Discussion: We conclude that interventions for adults with low literacy skills and others at risk for complex text reading deficits should address word/pseudoword reading and focus on both written and oral comprehension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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25. No Difference in the Neural Underpinnings of Number and Letter Copying in Children: Bayesian Analysis of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Data

Author

Soltanlou, Mojtaba, Coldea, Andra, Artemenko, Christina, Ehlis, Ann-Christine, Fallgatter, Andreas J., Nuerk, Hans-Christoph, and Dresler, Thomas

Abstract

It is under debate whether the neural representation of numbers and letters might rely on distinct neural correlates, or on a mostly shared neural network. In the present study, a total of 47 children in fifth grade (Experiment 1) and sixth grade (Experiment 2) simply copied numbers and letters on a touch screen while brain activation changes were recorded by means of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). fNIRS data of both experiments and a joint analysis revealed that a shared neural network, particularly in the left hemisphere, was activated in response to both number and letter copying. Interestingly, no difference was observed in brain activation patterns between these two stimuli, as revealed by Bayesian analysis. Our findings indicate that both number and letter copying lead to similar brain activation in children. We further suggest methodological and applied applications of these findings in the frame of educational neuroscience.

Published
2019
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26. Understanding Fractions: Integrating Results from Mathematics Education, Cognitive Psychology, and Neuroscience

Author

Obersteiner, Andreas, Dresler, Thomas, Bieck, Silke M., and Moeller, Korbinian

Abstract

Many students face difficulties with fractions. Research in mathematics education and cognitive psychology aims at understanding where and why students struggle with fractions and how to make teaching of fractions more effective. Additionally, neuroscience research is beginning to explore how the human brain processes fractions. Yet, attempts to integrate research results from these disciplines are still scarce. Therefore, the aim of this chapter is to provide an integrated view on research from mathematics education, cognitive psychology, and neuroscience to better understand students' difficulties with fraction processing and fraction learning. We evaluate the difficulties students encounter with fractions on various levels, ranging from the brain level to the classroom level. Current research suggests that the human cognitive system is in principle prepared for processing natural numbers and fractions. Although proficiency with natural numbers is fundamental to learning fractions, the transition from natural numbers to fractions requires modifications of the initial concept of numbers, and natural number processing can interfere with fraction processing. Thus, when teaching fractions, it seems important to draw on students' fundamental abilities to process fractions, while explicating fraction properties that are conceptually different from those of natural numbers. [For the complete volume, "Constructing Number: Merging Perspectives from Psychology and Mathematics Education. Research in Mathematics Education," see ED616587.]

Published
2019
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46. Erratum zu: Konsensusstatement der Migräne- und Kopfschmerzgesellschaften (DMKG, ÖKSG & SKG) zur Therapiedauer der medikamentösen Migräneprophylaxe

Author

Goßrau, Gudrun, primary, Förderreuther, Stefanie, additional, Ruscheweyh, Ruth, additional, Ruschil, Victoria, additional, Sprenger, Till, additional, Lewis, David, additional, Kamm, Katharina, additional, Freilinger, Tobias, additional, Neeb, Lars, additional, Malzacher, Volker, additional, Meier, Uwe, additional, Gehring, Klaus, additional, Kraya, Torsten, additional, Dresler, Thomas, additional, Schankin, Christoph J., additional, Gantenbein, Andreas R., additional, Brössner, Gregor, additional, Zebenholzer, Karin, additional, Diener, Hans-Christoph, additional, Gaul, Charly, additional, and Jürgens, Tim P., additional

Published
2023
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50. [Untitled]

Author

Goßrau, Gudrun, Förderreuther, Stefanie, Ruscheweyh, Ruth, Ruschil, Victoria, Sprenger, Till, Lewis, David, Kamm, Katharina, Freilinger, Tobias, Neeb, Lars, Malzacher, Volker, Meier, Uwe, Gehring, Klaus, Kraya, Torsten, Dresler, Thomas, Schankin, Christoph J, Gantenbein, Andreas R, Brössner, Gregor, Zebenholzer, Karin, Diener, Hans-Christoph, Gaul, Charly, and Jürgens, Tim P

Subjects
610 Medizin und Gesundheit
Published
2023
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