Author: "Drak D" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

36 results on '"Drak D"'

1. Renal impairment in a large-scale HIV preexposure prophylaxis implementation cohort

Author: Drak, D, McManus, H ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7264-8848, Vickers, T ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8071-8685, Heron, JE ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6641-4754, Vaccher, S ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5170-4110, Zablotska, I, Guy, R ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2929-4634, Bavinton, B ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5834-8278, Jin, F ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8573-637X, Grulich, AE, Bloch, M ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1143-5013, O'Connor, CC ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2220-164X, Gracey, DM, Drak, D, McManus, H ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7264-8848, Vickers, T ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8071-8685, Heron, JE ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6641-4754, Vaccher, S ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5170-4110, Zablotska, I, Guy, R ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2929-4634, Bavinton, B ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5834-8278, Jin, F ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8573-637X, Grulich, AE, Bloch, M ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1143-5013, O'Connor, CC ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2220-164X, and Gracey, DM
Abstract: Background:HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with fixed-dose tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and emtricitabine has been associated with low rates of renal impairment in clinical trials. Large-scale PrEP implementation may result in higher rates, as the prevalence of associated risk factors may be higher than in trial populations.Methods:A posthoc analysis of EPIC-NSW, a large Australian multicentre PrEP implementation trial for patients at high risk of HIV infection. Participants were eligible for inclusion if they commenced PrEP between 1 March 2016 and 30 April 2018, and had renal function assessed at baseline and at least once more before the censor date. The primary outcome was new-onset renal impairment, defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2.Results:A total of 6808 participants were eligible for inclusion. Almost all were male (99%), with a median age of 35 years [interquartile range (IQR): 28-44]. Approximately one-quarter (26%) had a baseline eGFR <90 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Over a median follow-up period of 1.2 years (IQR: 0.6-1.7), the rate of renal impairment was 5.8 episodes per 1000 person-years [95% confidence interval (CI): 4.0-7.8]. In multivariable Cox regression, there was a higher risk of renal impairment in participants aged ≥50 years [hazard ratio (HR) 14.7, 95% CI: 5.0-43.3, P < 0.001] and those with an eGFR <90 ml/min per 1.73 m2(HR 28.9, 95% CI: 6.9-121.9) at baseline.Conclusion:In a large-scale implementation study, TDF-containing PrEP was associated with a low risk of renal impairment overall, whereas older patients and those with preexisting renal dysfunction were at substantially increased risk.
Published: 2021

2. Renal function change after switching tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for tenofovir alafenamide in the HIV-positive patients of a metropolitan sexual health service

Author: Turner, D, Drak, D, O'Connor, CC ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2220-164X, Templeton, DJ ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2157-9587, Gracey, DM, Turner, D, Drak, D, O'Connor, CC ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2220-164X, Templeton, DJ ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2157-9587, and Gracey, DM
Abstract: Background: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is widely used in the management of HIV-infection, but has been associated with renal impairment in a small proportion of patients. Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), a novel prodrug of tenofovir, causes less renal impairment and can improve renal function in patients switched from TDF. The factors which predict improved renal function in patients switching from TDF to TAF have yet to be described. Aim: To determine which patient factors are associated with an improvement in renal function following the switch from a TDF- to a TAF-based HIV antiretroviral regimen. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of a cohort from a publicly funded sexual health clinic in Sydney, Australia. All HIV-positive clinic patients switched from a TDF- to TAF-containing regimen between January 2016 and August 2018 were eligible for inclusion. Laboratory results were obtained from patients' electronic medical records. The statistical significance of differences between pre- and post-switch means was determined by paired t-tests, adjusted for baseline values, and associations between continuous variables by univariate linear regression. Results: 79 patients met inclusion criteria. The majority were male (89%), with a median age of 44 years (IQR: 34.5 to 53). Patients had a mean pre-switch estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 95 ± 2 mL/min/1.73 m2, and there was no significant change post-switch (p = 0.062). Pre-switch eGFR was a significant predictor of the magnitude of eGFR change after the switch (p < 0.001), but there was no significant association with age (p = 0.189), cumulative TDF exposure (p = 0.454) or baseline urinary protein to creatinine ratio (p = 0.814). Conclusion: While there was no significant difference in mean eGFR, in patients switched from TDF to TAF, baseline eGFR was a significant predictor of the change in eGFR. This suggests that patients on TDF with poorer baseline renal function would benefit more from
Published: 2019

3. Observation of gravitational waves from a binary black hole merger

Author: Abbott, B. P. A, Abbott, Ra, R. A, Tdb, T. D. B, Abernathy, Mra, M. R. A, Acernese, Fcd, F. Cd, Ackley, Ke, K. E, Adams, Cf, C. F, Tg, T. G, Addesso, Pc, P. C, Adhikari, Rxa, R. X. A, Adya, Vbh, V. B. H, Affeldt, Ch, C. H, Agathos, Mi, M. I, Agatsuma, Ki, K. I, Aggarwal, Nj, N. J, Aguiar, Odk, O. D. K, Aiello, Llm, L. Lm, Ain, An, A. N, Ajith, Po, P. O, Allen, Bhpq, B. Hpq, Allocca, Ars, A. Rs, Altin, Pat, P. A. T, Anderson, Sba, S. B. A, Wgp, W. G. P, Arai, Ka, K. A, Arain, Mae, M. A. E, Araya, Mca, M. C. A, Arceneaux, Ccu, C. C. U, Areeda, Jsv, J. S. V, Arnaud, Nw, N. W, Arun, Kgx, K. G. X, Ascenzi, Smy, S. My, Ashton, Gz, G. Z, Ast, Maa, M. Aa, Aston, Smf, S. M. F, Astone, Pab, P. Ab, Aufmuth, Ph, P. H, Aulbert, Babak, Sac, S. Ac, Bacon, Pad, P. Ad, Bader, Mkmi, M. K. M. I, Baker, Ptae, P. T. Ae, Baldaccini, Fafag, F. Afag, Ballardin, Gah, G. Ah, Ballmer, Swai, S. W. Ai, Barayoga, Jca, J. C. A, Barclay, Seaj, S. E. Aj, Barish, Bca, B. C. A, Barker, Dak, D. Ak, Barone, Barr, Baj, B. Aj, Barsotti, Lj, L. J, Barsuglia, Mad, M. Ad, Barta, Dal, D. Al, Bartlett, Jak, J. Ak, Barton, Maak, M. A. Ak, Bartos, Iam, I. Am, Bassiri, Ran, R. An, Basti, Batch, Jcak, J. C. Ak, Baune, Bavigadda, Vah, V. Ah, Bazzan, Maoap, M. Aoap, Behnke, Bac, B. Ac, Bejger, Maq, M. Aq, Belczynski, Car, C. Ar, Bell, Asaj, A. S. Aj, Cjaj, C. J. Aj, Berger, Bka, B. K. A, Bergman, Bergmann, Gh, G. H, Berry, Cplas, C. P. L. As, Bersanetti, Datau, D. Atau, Bertolini, Ai, A. I, Betzwieser, Jf, J. F, Bhagwat, Sai, S. Ai, Bhandare, Rav, R. Av, Bilenko, Iaaw, I. A. Aw, Billingsley, Ga, G. A, Birch, Birney, Rax, R. Ax, Birnholtz, Oh, O. H, Biscans, Sj, S. J, Bisht, Ahq, A. Hq, Bitossi, Mah, M. Ah, Biwer, Cai, C. Ai, Bizouard, Maw, M. A. W, Blackburn, Jka, J. K. A, Blair, Cday, C. D. Ay, Dgay, D. G. Ay, Rmak, R. M. Ak, Bloemen, Saz, S. Az, Bock, Bodiya, Tpj, T. P. J, Boer, Mba, M. Ba, Bogaert, Gba, G. Ba, Bogan, Bohe, Aac, A. Ac, Bojtos, Pbb, P. Bb, Bond, Cas, C. As, Bondu, Fbc, F. Bc, Bonnand, Rg, R. G, Boom, Bai, B. A. I, Bork, Boschi, Vrs, V. Rs, Bose, Snbd, S. Nbd, Bouffanais, Yad, Y. Ad, Bozzi, Aah, A. Ah, Bradaschia, Cs, C. S, Brady, Prp, P. R. P, Braginsky, Vbaw, V. B. Aw, Branchesi, Mbebf, M. Bebf, Brau, Jebg, J. E. Bg, Briant, Tbh, T. Bh, Brillet, Aba, A. Ba, Brinkmann, Mh, M. H, Brisson, Vw, V. W, Brockill, Pp, P. P, Brooks, Afa, A. F. A, Brown, Daai, D. A. Ai, Ddas, D. D. As, Nmj, N. M. J, Buchanan, Ccb, C. C. B, Buikema, Aj, A. J, Bulik, Tar, T. Ar, Bulten, Hjibi, H. J. Ibi, Buonanno, Aacbj, A. Acbj, Buskulic, Dg, D. G, Buy, Cad, C. Ad, Byer, Rlan, R. L. An, Cabero, Cadonati, Lbk, L. Bk, Cagnoli, Gblbm, G. Blbm, Cahillane, Ca, C. A, Calderón, Jbkbn, J. Bkbn, Bustilloa, Callister, Ta, T. A, Edbo, E. Dbo, Camp, Jbbp, J. B. Bp, Cannon, Kcbq, K. C. Bq, Cao, Jbr, J. Br, Capano, Cdh, C. D. H, Capocasa, Ead, E. Ad, Carbognani, Fah, F. Ah, Caride, Sbs, S. Bs, Diaz, Casanueva, Jw, J. W, Casentini, Cmy, C. My, Caudill, Sp, S. P, Cavaglià, Mu, M. U, Cavalier, Fw, F. W, Cavalieri, Rah, R. Ah, Cella, Gs, G. S, Cepeda, Cba, C. B. A, Baiardi, Cerboni, Lbebf, L. Bebf, Cerretani, Grs, G. Rs, Cesarini, Emy, E. My, Chakraborty, Chalermsongsak, Chamberlin, Sjbt, S. J. Bt, Chan, Maj, M. Aj, Chao, Sbu, S. Bu, Charlton, Pbv, P. Bv, Chassande Mottin, Chen, Hybw, H. Y. Bw, Ybx, Y. Bx, Cheng, Cbu, C. Bu, Chincarini, Aau, A. Au, Chiummo, Cho, Hsby, H. S. By, Mbj, M. Bj, Chow, Jht, J. H. T, Christensen, Nbz, N. Bz, Chu, Qay, Q. Ay, Chua, Sbh, S. Bh, Chung, Say, S. Ay, Ciani, Ge, G. E, Clara, Fak, F. Ak, Clark, Jabk, J. A. Bk, Cleva, Fba, F. Ba, Coccia, Elmy, E. Lmy, Cohadon, P. Fbh, P. F. bh, Colla, Aabca, A. Abca, Collette, Cgcb, C. G. Cb, Cominsky, Lcc, L. Cc, Constancio, M, ., Jrk, J.r. K, Conte, Conti, Lap, L. Ap, Cook, Corbitt, Trb, T. R. B, Cornish, Nae, N. Ae, Corsi, Abs, A. Bs, Cortese, Sah, S. Ah, Costa, Cak, C. A. K, Coughlin, Mwbz, M. W. Bz, Sbcd, S. B. Cd, Coulon, J. Pba, J. P. ba, Countryman, Stam, S. T. Am, Couvares, Pa, P. A, Cowan, Eebk, E. E. Bk, Coward, Dmay, D. M. Ay, Cowart, Mjf, M. J. F, Coyne, Dca, D. C. A, Rbs, R. Bs, Craig, Kaj, K. Aj, Creighton, Jdep, J. D. E. P, Tdce, T. D. Ce, Cripe, Jb, J. B, Crowder, Sgcf, S. G. Cf, Cruise, Amas, A. M. As, Cumming, Aaj, A. Aj, Cunningham, Laj, L. Aj, Cuoco, Eah, E. Ah, Canton, Dal, Th, T. H, Danilishin, Slaj, S. L. Aj, D'Antonio, Sm, S. M, Danzmann, Khq, K. Hq, Darman, Nscg, N. S. Cg, Costa, Da Silva, Cfe, C. F. E, Dattilo, Dave, Iav, I. Av, Daveloza, Hpce, H. P. Ce, Davier, Mw, M. W, Davies, Gsaj, G. S. Aj, Daw, Ejch, E. J. Ch, Day, Debra, Dan, D. An, Debreczeni, Gal, G. Al, Degallaix, Jbm, J. Bm, Deléglise, Pozzo, Del, Was, W. As, Denker, Thq, T. Hq, Dent, Dereli, Hba, H. Ba, Dergachev, Va, V. A, Derosa, Rtf, R. T. F, Desalvo, Rcied, R. Cied, Dhurandhar, Sn, S. N, Díaz, Mcce, M. C. Ce, Fiore, Di, Ld, L. D, Giovanni, Di, Mabca, M. Abca, Lieto, Di, Pace, Di, Sabca, S. Abca, Palma, Di, Ihac, I. Hac, Virgilio, Di, As, A. S, Dojcinoski, Gcj, G. Cj, Dolique, Vbm, V. Bm, Donovan, Fj, F. J, Dooley, Klu, K. L. U, Doravari, Sfh, S. Fh, Douglas, Raj, R. Aj, Downes, Tpp, T. P. P, Drago, Mhckcl, M. Hckcl, Drever, Rwpa, R. W. P. A, Driggers, Zbr, Z. Br, Ducrot, Mg, M. G, Dwyer, Seak, S. E. Ak, Edo, Tbch, T. B. Ch, Edwards, Mcbz, M. C. Bz, Effler, Af, A. F, Eggenstein, H. Bh, H. B. h, Ehrens, Eichholz, Je, J. E, Eikenberry, Sse, S. S. E, Engels, Wbx, W. Bx, Essick, Rcj, R. C. J, Etzel, Evans, Mj, M. J, Tmf, T. M. F, Everett, Rbt, R. Bt, Factourovich, Mam, M. Am, Fafone, Vlmy, V. Lmy, Fair, Hai, H. Ai, Fairhurs, Scm, S. Cm, Fan, Xbr, X. Br, Fang, Farinon, Sau, S. Au, Farr, Bbw, B. Bw, Wmas, W. M. As, Favata, Mcj, M. Cj, Fays, Mcm, M. Cm, Fehrmann, Hh, H. H, Fejer, Mman, M. M. An, Feldbaum, De, D. E, Ferrante, Irs, I. Rs, Ferreira, Eck, E. C. K, Ferrini, Fidecaro, Frs, F. Rs, Finn, Lsbt, L. S. Bt, Fiori, Iah, I. Ah, Fiorucci, Dad, D. Ad, Fisher, Rpai, R. P. Ai, Flaminio, Rbmcn, R. Bmcn, Fletcher, Fong, Hbq, H. Bq, Fournier, J. Dba, J. D. ba, Franco, Sw, S. W, Frasca, Frasconi, Fs, F. S, Frede, Frei, Zbb, Z. Bb, Freise, Aas, A. As, Frey, Rbg, R. Bg, Fricke, Tth, T. T. H, Fritschel, Pj, P. J, Frolov, Vvf, V. V. F, Fulda, Pe, P. E, Fyffe, Mf, M. F, Gabbard, Hagu, H. A. G. U, Gair, Jrco, J. R. Co, Gammaitoni, Lafag, L. Afag, Gaonkar, Sgn, S. G. N, Gatto, Aad, A. Ad, Gaur, Gcpcq, G. Cpcq, Gehrels, Nbp, N. Bp, Gemme, Gau, G. Au, Gendre, Bba, B. Ba, Genin, Gennai, George, Jav, J. Av, Gergely, Lcr, L. Cr, Germain, Vg, V. G, Ghosho, Abhirup, Archismano, Ghosha, Ghosh, Siaz, S. Iaz, Giaime, Jabf, J. A. Bf, Giardina, Kdf, K. D. F, Giazotto, Gill, Kcs, K. Cs, Glaefke, Gleason, Jre, J. R. E, Goetz, Ect, E. Ct, Re, R. E, Gondan, Lbb, L. Bb, González, Gb, G. B, Castro, Gonzalez, Jmrs, J. M. Rs, Gopakumar, Acu, A. Cu, Gordon, Naaj, N. A. Aj, Gorodetsky, Mlaw, M. L. Aw, Gossan, Sea, S. E. A, Gosselin, Gouaty, Graef, Caj, C. Aj, Graff, Pbbj, P. B. Bj, Granata, Mbm, M. Bm, Grant, Gras, Gray, Cak, C. Ak, Greco, Gbebf, G. Bebf, Green, Acas, A. C. As, Greenhalgh, Rjscv, R. J. S. Cv, Groot, Paz, P. Az, Grote, Grunewald, Guidi, Gmbebf, G. M. Bebf, Guo, Gupta, Mkcq, M. K. Cq, Gushwa, Kea, K. E. A, Gustafson, Eka, E. K. A, Rct, R. Ct, Hacker, Jjv, J. J. V, Hall, Brbd, B. R. Bd, Eda, E. D. A, Hammond, Gaj, G. Aj, Haney, Mcu, M. Cu, Hanke, Mmh, M. M. H, Hanks, Hanna, Cbt, C. Bt, Hannam, Mdcm, M. D. Cm, Hanson, Hardwick, Tb, T. B, Harms, Jbebf, J. Bebf, Harry, Gmcw, G. M. Cw, Iwac, I. W. Ac, Hart, Mjaj, M. J. Aj, Hartman, Mte, M. T. E, Haster, C. Jas, C. J. as, Haughian, Healy, Jcx, J. Cx, Heefner, Ja, J. A, Heidmann, Abh, A. Bh, Heintze, Mcef, M. C. Ef, Heinzel, Heitmann, Hello, Pw, P. W, Hemming, Hendry, Heng, Isaj, I. S. Aj, Hennig, Jaj, J. Aj, Heptonstall, Awa, A. W. A, Heurs, Mhq, M. Hq, Hild, Saj, S. Aj, Hoak, Dcy, D. Cy, Hodge, Kaa, K. A. A, Hofman, Dbm, D. Bm, Hollitt, Secz, S. E. Cz, Holt, Kf, K. F, Holz, Debw, D. E. Bw, Hopkins, Pcm, P. Cm, Hosken, Djcz, D. J. Cz, Hough, Houston, Eaaj, E. A. Aj, Howell, Ejay, E. J. Ay, Ymaj, Y. M. Aj, Huang, Huerta, Eacdda, E. A. Cdda, Huet, Dw, D. W, Hughey, Bcs, B. Cs, Husa, Sbn, S. Bn, Huttner, Shaj, S. H. Aj, Huynh Dinh, Tf, T. F, Idrisy, Abt, A. Bt, Indik, Nh, N. H, Ingram, Drak, D. R. Ak, Inta, Isa, Hnaj, H. N. Aj, Isac, J. Mbh, J. M. bh, Isi, Ma, M. A, Islas, Gv, G. V, Isogai, Tj, T. J, Iyer, Bro, B. R. O, Izumi, Kak, K. Ak, Jacobson, Mba, M. B. A, Jacqmin, Jang, Hby, H. By, Jani, Kbk, K. Bk, Jaranowski, Pdb, P. Db, Jawahar, Sdc, S. Dc, Jiménez Forteza, Fbn, F. Bn, Johnson, Wwb, W. W. B, Nko, N. K. O, Mcdaniela, Jones, Diz, D. I. Z, Jonker, Rjgi, R. J. G. I, Lay, L. Ay, Haris, Kdd, K. Dd, Kalaghatgi, Cvxcm, C. V. Xcm, Kalogera, Vcd, V. Cd, Kandhasamy, Su, S. U, Kang, Gby, G. By, Kanner, Jba, J. B. A, Karki, Sbg, S. Bg, Kasprzack, Mbwah, M. Bwah, Katsavounidis, Ej, E. J, Katzman, Wf, W. F, Kaufer, Sq, S. Q, Kaur, Tay, T. Ay, Kawabe, Kawazoe, Fhq, F. Hq, Kéfélian, Kehl, Msbq, M. S. Bq, Keitel, Dhbn, D. Hbn, Kelley, Dbai, D. B. Ai, Kells, Wa, W. A, Kennedy, Rch, R. Ch, Keppel, Dgh, D. G. H, Key, Jsce, J. S. Ce, Khalaidovski, Ah, A. H, Khalili, Fyaw, F. Y. Aw, Khan, Il, I. L, Zcq, Z. Cq, Khazanov, Eade, E. A. De, Kijbunchoo, Nak, N. Ak, Kim, Cby, C. By, Jdf, J. Df, Kdg, K. Dg, Kimby, Nam Gyu, Kiman, Namjun, Y. Mdf, Y. M. df, King, Ejcz, E. J. Cz, Pjak, P. J. Ak, Kinzel, Dlf, D. L. F, Kissel, Jsak, J. S. Ak, Kleybolte, Laa, L. Aa, Klimenko, Se, S. E, Koehlenbeck, Smh, S. M. H, Kokeyama, Kb, K. B, Koley, Si, S. I, Kondrashov, Kontos, Koranda, Korobko, Korth, Wza, W. Z. A, Kowalska, Iar, I. Ar, Kozak, Dba, D. B. A, Kringel, Vh, V. H, Krishnan, Bh, B. H, Królak, Adhdi, A. Dhdi, Krueger, Cq, C. Q, Kuehn, Kumar, Pbq, P. Bq, Kuo, Lbu, L. Bu, Kutynia, Adh, A. Dh, Kwee, Lackey, Bdai, B. D. Ai, Landry, Mak, M. Ak, Lange, Lantz, Ban, B. An, Lasky, Pddj, P. D. Dj, Lazzarini, Aa, A. A, Lazzaro, Capbk, C. Apbk, Leaci, Pabacca, P. Abacca, Leavey, Lebigot, Eoadbr, E. O. Adbr, Lee, Chdf, C. H. Df, Hkdg, H. K. Dg, Hmdk, H. M. Dk, Lenon, Aai, A. Ai, Leonardi, Mckcl, M. Ckcl, Leong, Jrh, J. R. H, Leroy, Letendre, Ng, N. G, Levin, Ydj, Y. Dj, Levine, Bmak, B. M. Ak, Tgfa, T. G. F. A, Libson, Littenberg, Tbdl, T. B. Dl, Lockerbie, Nadc, N. A. Dc, Logue, Lombardi, Alcy, A. L. Cy, London, Ltcm, L. T. Cm, Lord, Jeai, J. E. Ai, Lorenzini, Mlm, M. Lm, Loriette, Vdm, V. Dm, Lormand, Losurdo, Gbf, G. Bf, Lough, Jdhq, J. D. Hq, Lousto, Cocx, C. O. Cx, Lovelace, Lück, Hhq, H. Hq, Lundgren, Aph, A. P. H, Luo, Jbz, J. Bz, Lynch, Rj, R. J, Yay, Y. Ay, Macdonald, Tan, T. An, Machenschalk, Macinnis, Macleod, Dmb, D. M. B, Magaña Sandoval, Fai, F. Ai, Magee, Rmbd, R. M. Bd, Mageswaran, Majorana, Eab, E. Ab, Maksimovic, Idm, I. Dm, Malvezzi, Vmy, V. My, Man, Nba, N. Ba, Mandel, Ias, I. As, Mandic, Vcf, V. Cf, Mangano, Vaj, V. Aj, Mansell, Glt, G. L. T, Manske, Mp, M. P, Mantovani, Marchesoni, Fagdn, F. Agdn, Marion, Fg, F. G, Márka, Sam, S. Am, Zam, Z. Am, Markosyan, Asan, A. S. An, Maros, Ea, E. A, Martelli, Fbebf, F. Bebf, Martellini, Lba, L. Ba, Martin, Iwaj, I. W. Aj, Rme, R. M. E, Martynov, Dva, D. V. A, Marx, Jna, J. N. A, Mason, Kj, K. J, Masserot, Ag, A. G, Massinger, Tjai, T. J. Ai, Masso Reid, Matichard, Matone, Lam, L. Am, Mavalvala, Mazumder, Nbd, N. Bd, Mazzolo, Mccarthy, Rak, R. Ak, Mcclelland, Det, D. E. T, Mccormick, Sf, S. F, Mcguire, Scdo, S. C. Do, Mcintyre, Mciver, Mcmanus, Djt, D. J. T, Mcwilliams, Stda, S. T. Da, Meacher, Dbt, D. Bt, Meadors, Gdhac, G. D. Hac, Meidam, Ji, J. I, Melatos, Acg, A. Cg, Mendell, Gak, G. Ak, Mendoza Gandara, Dh, D. H, Mercer, Rap, R. A. P, Merilh, Eak, E. Ak, Merzougui, Meshkov, Sa, S. A, Messenger, Messick, Meyers, Pmcf, P. M. Cf, Mezzani, Fabca, F. Abca, Miao, Has, H. As, Michel, Cbm, C. Bm, Middleton, Mikhailov, Eedp, E. E. Dp, Miller, Jj, J. J, Millhouse, Mae, M. Ae, Minenkov, Ym, Y. M, Ming, Jhac, J. Hac, Mirshekari, Sdq, S. Dq, Mishra, Co, C. O, Mitra, Mitrofanov, Vpaw, V. P. Aw, Mitselmakher, Mittleman, Moggi, Mohan, Mohapatra, Srpj, S. R. P. J, Montani, Moore, Bccj, B. C. Cj, Cjdr, C. J. Dr, Moraru, Moreno, Morriss, Srce, S. R. Ce, Mossavi, Kh, K. H, Mours, Bg, B. G, Mow Lowry, Cmas, C. M. As, Mueller, Cle, C. L. E, Muir, Awcm, A. W. Cm, Mukherjeeo, Arunava, Mukherjee, Dp, D. P, Sce, S. Ce, Mukund, Nn, N. N, Mullavey, Munch, Jcz, J. Cz, Murphy, Djam, D. J. Am, Murray, Pgaj, P. G. Aj, Mytidis, Ae, A. E, Nardecchia, Imy, I. My, Naticchioni, Labca, L. Abca, Nayak, Rkds, R. K. Ds, Necula, Ve, V. E, Nedkova, Kcy, K. Cy, Nelemans, Giaz, G. Iaz, Neri, Matau, M. Atau, Neunzert, Act, A. Ct, Newton, Nguyen, Ttt, T. T. T, Nielsen, Abh, A. B. H, Nissanke, Nitz, Nocera, Nolting, Df, D. F, Normandin, Mence, M. E. N. Ce, Nuttall, Lkai, L. K. Ai, Oberling, Ochsner, Ep, E. P, O'Dell, Jcv, J. Cv, Oelker, Ogin, Ghdt, G. H. Dt, Jjdu, J. J. Du, Shdu, S. H. Du, Ohme, Fcm, F. Cm, Oliver, Mbn, M. Bn, Oppermann, Oramf, Richard J., O'Reilly, Bf, B. F, O'Shaughnessy, Rcx, R. Cx, Ott, Cdbx, C. D. Bx, Ottaway, Ottens, Rse, R. S. E, Overmier, Hf, H. F, Owen, Bjbs, B. J. Bs, Pai, Add, A. Dd, Saav, S. A. Av, Palamos, Jrbg, J. R. Bg, Palashov, Ode, O. De, Palomba, Cab, C. Ab, Pal Singh, Aaa, A. Aa, Pan, Hbu, H. Bu, Ybj, Y. Bj, Pankow, Ccd, C. Cd, Pannarale, Pant, Bcav, B. C. Av, Paoletti, Fsah, F. Sah, Paoli, Papa, Mahpac, M. A. Hpac, Paris, Hran, H. R. An, Parker, Pascucci, Daj, D. Aj, Pasqualetti, Passaquieti, Rrs, R. Rs, Passuello, Ds, D. S, Patricelli, Brs, B. Rs, Patrick, Zan, Z. An, Pearlstone, Blaj, B. L. Aj, Pedraza, Pedurand, Rbm, R. Bm, Pekowsky, Lai, L. Ai, Pele, Penn, Sdv, S. Dv, Perreca, Pfeiffer, Hpacbq, H. P. Acbq, Phelps, Piccinni, Oabca, O. Abca, Pichot, Pickenpack, Piergiovanni, Pierro, Vcied, V. Cied, Pillant, Pinard, Lbm, L. Bm, Pinto, Imcied, I. M. Cied, Pitkin, Poeld, Jhh, J. H. H, Poggiani, Popolizio, Pah, P. Ah, Post, Powell, Prasad, Jn, J. N, Predoi, Vcm, V. Cm, Premachandra, Ssdj, S. S. Dj, Prestegard, Tcf, T. Cf, Price, Lra, L. R. A, Prijatelj, Principe, Mcied, M. Cied, Privitera, Prix, Rh, R. H, Prodi, Gackcl, G. A. Ckcl, Prokhorov, Law, L. Aw, Puncken, Punturo, Mag, M. Ag, Puppo, Pürrer, Mac, M. Ac, Hp, H. P, Qin, Jay, J. Ay, Quetschke, Vce, V. Ce, Quintero, Eaa, E. A. A, Quitzow James, Raab, Fjak, F. J. Ak, Rabeling, Dst, D. S. T, Radkins, Hak, H. Ak, Raffai, Raja, Sav, S. Av, Rakhmanov, Mce, M. Ce, Ramet, Crf, C. R. F, Rapagnani, Pabca, P. Abca, Raymond, Vac, V. Ac, Razzano, Mrs, M. Rs, Vy, V. Y, Read, Jv, J. V, Reed, Cmak, C. M. Ak, Regimbau, Tba, T. Ba, Rei, Lau, L. Au, Reid, Sax, S. Ax, Reitze, Dhae, D. H. Ae, Rew, Hdp, H. Dp, Reyes, Sdai, S. D. Ai, Ricci, Riles, Kct, K. Ct, Robertson, Naaaj, N. A. Aaj, Robie, Robinet, Rocchi, Am, A. M, Rolland, Lg, L. G, Rollins, Jga, J. G. A, Roma, Vjbg, V. J. Bg, Romano, Jdce, J. D. Ce, Rcd, R. Cd, Romanov, Gdp, G. Dp, Romie, Jhf, J. H. F, Rosińska, Daqdw, D. Aqdw, Rowan, Rüdiger, Ruggi, Ryan, Sachdev, Sadecki, Tak, T. Ak, Sadeghian, Lp, L. P, Salconi, Lah, L. Ah, Saleem, Mdd, M. Dd, Salemi, Fh, F. H, Samajdar, Ads, A. Ds, Sammut, Lcgdj, L. Cgdj, Sampson, Lmcd, L. M. Cd, Sanchez, Eja, E. J. A, Sandberg, Vak, V. Ak, Sandeen, Bcd, B. Cd, Sanders, Gha, G. H. A, Jraict, J. R. Aict, Sassolas, Bbm, B. Bm, Sathyaprakash, Bscm, B. S. Cm, Saulson, Prai, P. R. Ai, Sauter, Oct, O. Ct, Savage, Rlak, R. L. Ak, Sawadsky, Aq, A. Q, Schale, Pbg, P. Bg, Schilling, Schmidt, Jh, J. H, Pabx, P. Abx, Schnabel, Raa, R. Aa, Schofield, Rmsbg, R. M. S. Bg, Schönbeck, Schreiber, Eh, E. H, Schuette, Dhq, D. Hq, Schutz, Bfaccm, B. F. Accm, Scott, Smt, S. M. T, Sellers, Sengupta, Ascp, A. S. Cp, Sentenac, Dah, D. Ah, Sequino, Sergeev, Ade, A. De, Serna, Setyawati, Yiaz, Y. Iaz, Sevigny, Aak, A. Ak, Shaddock, Dat, D. A. T, Shaffer, Shah, Shahriar, Mscd, M. S. Cd, Shaltev, Shao, Za, Z. A, Shapiro, Shawhan, Pbj, P. Bj, Sheperd, Ap, A. P, Shoemaker, Dhj, D. H. J, Dmbk, D. M. Bk, Siellez, Kbabk, K. Babk, Siemens, Xp, X. P, Sigg, Silva, Adk, A. D. K, Simakov, Singer, Lpbp, L. P. Bp, Singh, Ahlac, A. Hlac, Rb, R. B, Sintes, Ambn, A. M. Bn, Slagmolen, Bjjt, B. J. J. T, Smith, Jrv, J. R. V, Nda, N. D. A, Rjea, R. J. E. A, Son, Ejdu, E. J. Du, Sorazu, Sorrentino, Fau, F. Au, Souradeep, Tn, T. N, Srivastava, Akcq, A. K. Cq, Staley, Aam, A. Am, Steinke, Steinlechner, Steinmeyer, Stephens, Bcp, B. C. P, Stevenson, Spas, S. P. As, Stone, Rce, R. Ce, Strain, Kaaj, K. A. Aj, Straniero, Nbm, N. Bm, Stratta, Strauss, Nabz, N. A. Bz, Strigin, Saw, S. Aw, Sturani, Rdq, R. Dq, Stuver, Alf, A. L. F, Summerscales, Tzdx, T. Z. Dx, Sun, Lcg, L. Cg, Sutton, Pjcm, P. J. Cm, Swinkels, Blah, B. L. Ah, Szczepańczyk, Mjcs, M. J. Cs, Tacca, Talukder, Dbg, D. Bg, Tanner, Dbe, D. B. E, Tápai, Mcr, M. Cr, Tarabrin, Sph, S. P. H, Taracchini, Taylor, Theeg, Thirugnanasambandam, Mpa, M. P. A, Thomas, Egas, E. G. As, Pak, P. Ak, Thorne, Kaf, K. A. F, Ksbx, K. S. Bx, Thrane, Edj, E. Dj, Tiwari, Sl, S. L, Tokmakov, Kvdc, K. V. Dc, Tomlinson, Cch, C. Ch, Tonelli, Torres, Cvce, C. V. Ce, Torrie, Cia, C. I. A, Töyrä, Das, D. As, Travasso, Traylor, Gf, G. F, Trifirò, Du, D. U, Tringali, Mcckcl, M. C. Ckcl, Trozzo, Lsdy, L. Sdy, Tse, Turconi, Tuyenbayev, Dce, D. Ce, Ugolini, Ddz, D. Dz, Unnikrishnan, Cscu, C. S. Cu, Urban, Alp, A. L. P, Usman, Saai, S. A. Ai, Vahlbruch, Hq, H. Q, Vajente, Valdes, Gce, G. Ce, Vallisneri, Mbx, M. Bx, Bakel, Van, Ni, N. I, Beuzekom, Van, Brand, Van Den, Jfjibi, J. F. J. Ibi, Broeck, Van Den, Ci, C. I, Vander Hyde, Dcvai, D. C. Vai, Schaaf, Van Der, Li, L. I, Heijningen, Van, Jvi, J. V. I, Veggel, Van, Aaaj, A. A. Aj, Vardaro, Vass, Vasúth, Mal, M. Al, Vaulin, Vecchio, Vedovato, Gap, G. Ap, Veitch, Jas, J. As, Pjcz, P. J. Cz, Venkateswara, Kea, K. Ea, Verkindt, Vetrano, Viceré, Abebf, A. Bebf, Vinciguerra, Sas, S. As, Vine, Djax, D. J. Ax, Vinet, J. Yba, J. Y. ba, Vitale, Tai, T. Ai, Vocca, Hafag, H. Afag, Vorvick, Voss, Vousden, Wdas, W. D. As, Vyatchanin, Spaw, S. P. Aw, Wade, Art, A. R. T, Leeb, L. E. Eb, Meb, M. Eb, Waldman, Sjj, S. J. J, Walker, Mb, M. B, Wallace, La, L. A, Walsh, Shpac, S. Hpac, Wang, Gl, G. L, Mas, M. As, Ward, Haj, H. Aj, Rlt, R. L. T, Warner, Was, Weaver, Bak, B. Ak, Wei, L. Wba, L. W. ba, Weinert, Weinstein, Aja, A. J. A, Weiss, Welborn, Wen, Weßels, Westphal, Wette, Whelan, Jthcx, J. T. Hcx, Whitcomb, White, Djch, D. J. Ch, Whiting, Bfe, B. F. E, Wiesner, Wilkinson, Willems, Paa, P. A. A, Williams, Le, L. E, Rda, R. D. A, Williamson, Arcm, A. R. Cm, Willis, Jlec, J. L. Ec, Willke, Bhq, B. Hq, Wimmer, Mhhq, M. H. Hq, Winkelmann, Lh, L. H, Winkler, Wh, W. H, Wipf, Cca, C. C. A, Wiseman, Agp, A. G. P, Wittel, Woan, Worden, Wright, Jlaj, J. L. Aj, Yablon, Jcd, J. Cd, Yakushin, If, I. F, Yam, Wj, W. J, Yamamoto, Ha, H. A, Yancey, Ccbj, C. C. Bj, Yap, Mjt, M. J. T, Hj, H. J, Yvert, Zadrozny, Zangrando, Zanolin, Mcs, M. Cs, Zendri, J. Pap, J. P. ap, Zevin, Mcd, M. Cd, Zhang, Mdp, M. Dp, Ycx, Y. Cx, Zhao, Cay, C. Ay, Zhou, Zcd, Z. Cd, Zhu, Xjay, X. J. Ay, Zucker, Meaj, M. E. Aj, Zuraw, Secy, S. E. 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Angelo, University of Florida, LIGO Livingston Observatory, CNRS/IN2P3, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik, Science Park, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Gran Sasso Science Institute, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Università di Pisa, Sezione di Pisa, Australian National University, University of Mississippi, California State University Fullerton, Chennai Mathematical Institute, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, University of Southampton, Universität Hamburg, Sezione di Roma, Montana State University, Università di Perugia, Sezione di Perugia, European Gravitational Observatory (EGO), Syracuse University, University of Glasgow, LIGO Hanford Observatory, Columbia University, Stanford University, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Sezione di Padova, CAMK-PAN, Astronomical Observatory Warsaw University, University of Birmingham, Università Degli Studi di Genova, Sezione di Genova, Lomonosov Moscow State University, University of the West of Scotland, University of Western Australia, Radboud University Nijmegen, Observatoire Côte d'Azur, Lendulet Astrophysics Research Group, Université de Rennes 1, Washington State University, Università Degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Sezione di Firenze, University of Oregon, Collège de France, VU University Amsterdam, University of Maryland, Georgia Institute of Technology, UMR CNRS 5306, Université de Lyon, IAC3 - IEEC, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, University of Toronto, Tsinghua University, Texas Tech University, Pennsylvania State University, National Tsing Hua University, Charles Sturt University, University of Chicago, Caltech CaRT, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Carleton College, Università di Roma la Sapienza, University of Brussels, Sonoma State University, Northwestern University, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, University of Minnesota, University of Melbourne, University of Sheffield, University of Sannio at Benevento, Montclair State University, Dipartimento di Fisica, Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications, Cardiff University, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, University of Edinburgh, Indian Institute of Technology, Institute for Plasma Research, University of Szeged, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, University of Michigan, HSIC, American University, Rochester Institute of Technology, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, University of Adelaide, West Virginia University, University of Biał Ystok, University of Strathclyde, CET Campus, Institute of Applied Physics, Pusan National University, Hanyang University, IM-PAN, Monash University, Seoul National University, University of Alabama in Huntsville, AandM College, College of William and Mary, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), University of Cambridge, IISER-Kolkata, Whitman College, National Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, University of Zielona Góra, Andrews University, Università di Siena, Trinity University, University of Washington, Kenyon College, Abilene Christian University, Sezione di Napoli, Vasconcellos, C.A.Z., Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, LIGO (Observatory : Massachusetts Institute of Technology), MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Aggarwal, Nancy, Barsotti, Lisa, Biscans, Sebastien, Bodiya, Timothy P., Brown, N. M., Buikema, Aaron, Donovan, Frederick J., Essick, Reed Clasey, Evans, Matthew J., Fritschel, Peter K., Gras, Slawek, Isogai, Tomoki, Katsavounidis, Erotokritos, Kontos, Antonios, Libson, Adam, Lynch, Ryan Christopher, MacInnis, Myron E., Mason, Kenneth R., Matichard, Fabrice, Mavalvala, Nergis, Miller, John, Mittleman, Richard K., Mohapatra, Satya, Oelker, Eric Glenn, Shoemaker, David H., Tse, Maggie, Vaulin, Ruslan, Vitale, Salvatore, Waldman, Samuel J., Weiss, Rainer, Yam, William, Yu, H., Zhang, Fan, Zucker, Michael E., Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules ( LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire ( LAL ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux ( ARTEMIS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Physique de Rennes ( IPR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel ( LKB (Lhomond) ), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris ( FRDPENS ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] ( ILM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des matériaux avancés ( LMA ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles ( ESPCI ), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, César Augusto Zen Vasconcellos, Abbott, B. P. A, Abbott, Ra, R. A, Tdb, T. D. B, Abernathy, Mra, M. R. A, Acernese, Fcd, F. Cd, Ackley, Ke, K. E, Adams, Cf, C. F, Tg, T. G, Addesso, Pc, P. C, Adhikari, Rxa, R. X. A, Adya, Vbh, V. B. H, Affeldt, Ch, C. H, Agathos, Mi, M. I, Agatsuma, Ki, K. I, Aggarwal, Nj, N. J, Aguiar, Odk, O. D. K, Aiello, Llm, L. Lm, Ain, An, A. N, Ajith, Po, P. O, Allen, Bhpq, B. Hpq, Allocca, Ars, A. R, Altin, Pat, P. A. T, Anderson, Sba, S. B. A, Wgp, W. G. P, Arai, Ka, K. A, Arain, Mae, M. A. E, Araya, Mca, M. C. A, Arceneaux, Ccu, C. C. U, Areeda, Jsv, J. S. V, Arnaud, Nw, N. W, Arun, Kgx, K. G. X, Ascenzi, Smy, S. My, Ashton, Gz, G. Z, Ast, Maa, M. Aa, Aston, Smf, S. M. F, Astone, Pab, P. Ab, Aufmuth, Ph, P. H, Aulbert, Babak, Sac, S. Ac, Bacon, Pad, P. Ad, Bader, Mkmi, M. K. M. I, Baker, Ptae, P. T. Ae, Baldaccini, Fafag, F. Afag, Ballardin, Gah, G. Ah, Ballmer, Swai, S. W. Ai, Barayoga, Jca, J. C. A, Barclay, Seaj, S. E. Aj, Barish, Bca, B. C. A, Barker, Dak, D. Ak, Barone, Barr, Baj, B. Aj, Barsotti, Lj, L. J, Barsuglia, Mad, M. Ad, Barta, Dal, D. Al, Bartlett, Jak, J. Ak, Barton, Maak, M. A. Ak, Bartos, Iam, I. Am, Bassiri, Ran, R. An, Basti, Batch, Jcak, J. C. Ak, Baune, Bavigadda, Vah, V. Ah, Bazzan, Maoap, M. Aoap, Behnke, Bac, B. Ac, Bejger, Maq, M. Aq, Belczynski, Car, C. Ar, Bell, Asaj, A. S. Aj, Cjaj, C. J. Aj, Berger, Bka, B. K. A, Bergman, Bergmann, Gh, G. H, Berry, Cplas, C. P. L. A, Bersanetti, Datau, D. Atau, Bertolini, Ai, A. I, Betzwieser, Jf, J. F, Bhagwat, Sai, S. Ai, Bhandare, Rav, R. Av, Bilenko, Iaaw, I. A. Aw, Billingsley, Ga, G. A, Birch, Birney, Rax, R. Ax, Birnholtz, Oh, O. H, Biscans, Sj, S. J, Bisht, Ahq, A. Hq, Bitossi, Mah, M. Ah, Biwer, Cai, C. Ai, Bizouard, Maw, M. A. W, Blackburn, Jka, J. K. A, Blair, Cday, C. D. Ay, Dgay, D. G. Ay, Rmak, R. M. Ak, Bloemen, Saz, S. Az, Bock, Bodiya, Tpj, T. P. J, Boer, Mba, M. Ba, Bogaert, Gba, G. Ba, Bogan, Bohe, Aac, A. Ac, Bojtos, Pbb, P. Bb, Bond, Cas, C. A, Bondu, Fbc, F. Bc, Bonnand, Rg, R. G, Boom, Bai, B. A. I, Bork, Boschi, Vrs, V. R, Bose, Snbd, S. Nbd, Bouffanais, Yad, Y. Ad, Bozzi, Aah, A. Ah, Bradaschia, Cs, C. S, Brady, Prp, P. R. P, Braginsky, Vbaw, V. B. Aw, Branchesi, Mbebf, M. Bebf, Brau, Jebg, J. E. Bg, Briant, Tbh, T. Bh, Brillet, Aba, A. Ba, Brinkmann, Mh, M. H, Brisson, Vw, V. W, Brockill, Pp, P. P, Brooks, Afa, A. F. A, Brown, Daai, D. A. Ai, Ddas, D. D. A, Nmj, N. M. J, Buchanan, Ccb, C. C. B, Buikema, Aj, A. J, Bulik, Tar, T. Ar, Bulten, Hjibi, H. J. Ibi, Buonanno, Aacbj, A. Acbj, Buskulic, Dg, D. G, Buy, Cad, C. Ad, Byer, Rlan, R. L. An, Cabero, Cadonati, Lbk, L. Bk, Cagnoli, Gblbm, G. Blbm, Cahillane, Ca, C. A, Calderón, Jbkbn, J. Bkbn, Bustilloa, Callister, Ta, T. A, Calloni, Enrico, Edbo, E. Dbo, Camp, Jbbp, J. B. Bp, Cannon, Kcbq, K. C. Bq, Cao, Jbr, J. Br, Capano, Cdh, C. D. H, Capocasa, Ead, E. Ad, Carbognani, Fah, F. Ah, Caride, Sbs, S. B, Diaz, Casanueva, Jw, J. W, Casentini, Cmy, C. My, Caudill, Sp, S. P, Cavaglià, Mu, M. U, Cavalier, Fw, F. W, Cavalieri, Rah, R. Ah, Cella, Gs, G. S, Cepeda, Cba, C. B. A, Baiardi, Cerboni, Lbebf, L. Bebf, Cerretani, Grs, G. R, Cesarini, Emy, E. My, Chakraborty, Chalermsongsak, Chamberlin, Sjbt, S. J. Bt, Chan, Maj, M. Aj, Chao, Sbu, S. Bu, Charlton, Pbv, P. Bv, Chassande, Mottin, Chen, Hybw, H. Y. Bw, Ybx, Y. Bx, Cheng, Cbu, C. Bu, Chincarini, Aau, A. Au, Chiummo, Cho, Hsby, H. S. By, Mbj, M. Bj, Chow, Jht, J. H. T, Christensen, Nbz, N. Bz, Chu, Qay, Q. Ay, Chua, Sbh, S. Bh, Chung, Say, S. Ay, Ciani, Ge, G. E, Clara, Fak, F. Ak, Clark, Jabk, J. A. Bk, Cleva, Fba, F. Ba, Coccia, Elmy, E. Lmy, Cohadon, P. Fbh, P. F. bh, Colla, Aabca, A. Abca, Collette, Cgcb, C. G. Cb, Cominsky, Lcc, L. Cc, Constancio, M, ., Jrk, J. r. K, Conte, Conti, Lap, L. Ap, Cook, Corbitt, Trb, T. R. B, Cornish, Nae, N. Ae, Corsi, Abs, A. B, Cortese, Sah, S. Ah, Costa, Cak, C. A. K, Coughlin, Mwbz, M. W. Bz, Sbcd, S. B. Cd, Coulon, J. Pba, J. P. ba, Countryman, Stam, S. T. Am, Couvares, Pa, P. A, Cowan, Eebk, E. E. Bk, Coward, Dmay, D. M. Ay, Cowart, Mjf, M. J. F, Coyne, Dca, D. C. A, Rbs, R. B, Craig, Kaj, K. Aj, Creighton, Jdep, J. D. E. P, Tdce, T. D. Ce, Cripe, Jb, J. B, Crowder, Sgcf, S. G. Cf, Cruise, Amas, A. M. A, Cumming, Aaj, A. Aj, Cunningham, Laj, L. Aj, Cuoco, Eah, E. Ah, Canton, Dal, Th, T. H, Danilishin, Slaj, S. L. Aj, D'Antonio, Sm, S. M, Danzmann, Khq, K. Hq, Darman, Nscg, N. S. Cg, Costa, Da Silva, Cfe, C. F. E, Dattilo, Dave, Iav, I. Av, Daveloza, Hpce, H. P. Ce, Davier, Mw, M. W, Davies, Gsaj, G. S. Aj, Daw, Ejch, E. J. Ch, Day, De, Debra, Dan, D. An, Debreczeni, Gal, G. Al, Degallaix, Jbm, J. Bm, DE LAURENTIS, Martina, Deléglise, Pozzo, Del, Was, W. A, Denker, Thq, T. Hq, Dent, Dereli, Hba, H. Ba, Dergachev, Va, V. A, Derosa, Rtf, R. T. F, DE ROSA, Rosario, Desalvo, Rcied, R. Cied, Dhurandhar, Sn, S. N, Díaz, Mcce, M. C. Ce, Fiore, Di, Ld, L. D, Giovanni, Di, Mabca, M. Abca, Lieto, Di, Pace, Di, Sabca, S. Abca, Palma, Di, Ihac, I. Hac, Virgilio, Di, As, A. S, Dojcinoski, Gcj, G. Cj, Dolique, Vbm, V. Bm, Donovan, Fj, F. J, Dooley, Klu, K. L. U, Doravari, Sfh, S. Fh, Douglas, Raj, R. Aj, Downes, Tpp, T. P. P, Drago, Mhckcl, M. Hckcl, Drever, Rwpa, R. W. P. A, Driggers, Du, Zbr, Z. Br, Ducrot, Mg, M. G, Dwyer, Seak, S. E. Ak, Edo, Tbch, T. B. Ch, Edwards, Mcbz, M. C. Bz, Effler, Af, A. F, Eggenstein, H. Bh, H. B. h, Ehrens, Eichholz, Je, J. E, Eikenberry, Sse, S. S. E, Engels, Wbx, W. Bx, Essick, Rcj, R. C. J, Etzel, Evans, Mj, M. J, Tmf, T. M. F, Everett, Rbt, R. Bt, Factourovich, Mam, M. Am, Fafone, Vlmy, V. Lmy, Fair, Hai, H. Ai, Fairhurs, Scm, S. Cm, Fan, Xbr, X. Br, Fang, Farinon, Sau, S. Au, Farr, Bbw, B. Bw, Wmas, W. M. A, Favata, Mcj, M. Cj, Fays, Mcm, M. Cm, Fehrmann, Hh, H. H, Fejer, Mman, M. M. An, Feldbaum, De, D. E, Ferrante, Irs, I. R, Ferreira, Eck, E. C. K, Ferrini, Fidecaro, Frs, F. R, Finn, Lsbt, L. S. Bt, Fiori, Iah, I. Ah, Fiorucci, Dad, D. Ad, Fisher, Rpai, R. P. Ai, Flaminio, Rbmcn, R. Bmcn, Fletcher, Fong, Hbq, H. Bq, Fournier, J. Dba, J. D. ba, Franco, Sw, S. W, Frasca, Frasconi, Fs, F. S, Frede, Frei, Zbb, Z. Bb, Freise, Aas, A. A, Frey, Rbg, R. Bg, Fricke, Tth, T. T. H, Fritschel, Pj, P. J, Frolov, Vvf, V. V. F, Fulda, Pe, P. E, Fyffe, Mf, M. F, Gabbard, Hagu, H. A. G. U, Gair, Jrco, J. R. Co, Gammaitoni, Lafag, L. Afag, Gaonkar, Sgn, S. G. N, Garufi, Fabio, Gatto, Aad, A. Ad, Gaur, Gcpcq, G. Cpcq, Gehrels, Nbp, N. Bp, Gemme, Gau, G. Au, Gendre, Bba, B. Ba, Genin, Gennai, George, Jav, J. Av, Gergely, Lcr, L. Cr, Germain, Vg, V. G, Ghosho, Abhirup, Archismano, Ghosha, Ghosh, Siaz, S. Iaz, Giaime, Jabf, J. A. Bf, Giardina, Kdf, K. D. F, Giazotto, Gill, Kcs, K. C, Glaefke, Gleason, Jre, J. R. E, Goetz, Ect, E. Ct, Re, R. E, Gondan, Lbb, L. Bb, González, Gb, G. B, Castro, Gonzalez, Jmrs, J. M. R, Gopakumar, Acu, A. Cu, Gordon, Naaj, N. A. Aj, Gorodetsky, Mlaw, M. L. Aw, Gossan, Sea, S. E. A, Gosselin, Gouaty, Graef, Caj, C. Aj, Graff, Pbbj, P. B. Bj, Granata, Mbm, M. Bm, Grant, Gras, Gray, Cak, C. Ak, Greco, Gbebf, G. Bebf, Green, Acas, A. C. A, Greenhalgh, Rjscv, R. J. S. Cv, Groot, Paz, P. Az, Grote, Grunewald, Guidi, Gmbebf, G. M. Bebf, Guo, Gupta, Mkcq, M. K. Cq, Gushwa, Kea, K. E. A, Gustafson, Eka, E. K. A, Rct, R. Ct, Hacker, Jjv, J. J. V, Hall, Brbd, B. R. Bd, Eda, E. D. A, Hammond, Gaj, G. Aj, Haney, Mcu, M. Cu, Hanke, Mmh, M. M. H, Hanks, Hanna, Cbt, C. Bt, Hannam, Mdcm, M. D. Cm, Hanson, Hardwick, Tb, T. B, Harms, Jbebf, J. Bebf, Harry, Gmcw, G. M. Cw, Iwac, I. W. Ac, Hart, Mjaj, M. J. Aj, Hartman, Mte, M. T. E, Haster, C. Jas, C. J. a, Haughian, Healy, Jcx, J. Cx, Heefner, Ja, J. A, Heidmann, Abh, A. Bh, Heintze, Mcef, M. C. Ef, Heinzel, Heitmann, Hello, Pw, P. W, Hemming, Hendry, Heng, Isaj, I. S. Aj, Hennig, Jaj, J. Aj, Heptonstall, Awa, A. W. A, Heurs, Mhq, M. Hq, Hild, Saj, S. Aj, Hoak, Dcy, D. Cy, Hodge, Kaa, K. A. A, Hofman, Dbm, D. Bm, Hollitt, Secz, S. E. Cz, Holt, Kf, K. F, Holz, Debw, D. E. Bw, Hopkins, Pcm, P. Cm, Hosken, Djcz, D. J. Cz, Hough, Houston, Eaaj, E. A. Aj, Howell, Ejay, E. J. Ay, Hu, Ymaj, Y. M. Aj, Huang, Huerta, Eacdda, E. A. Cdda, Huet, Dw, D. W, Hughey, Bcs, B. C, Husa, Sbn, S. Bn, Huttner, Shaj, S. H. Aj, Huynh, Dinh, Tf, T. F, Idrisy, Abt, A. Bt, Indik, Nh, N. H, Ingram, Drak, D. R. Ak, Inta, Isa, Hnaj, H. N. Aj, Isac, J. Mbh, J. M. bh, Isi, Ma, M. A, Islas, Gv, G. V, Isogai, Tj, T. J, Iyer, Bro, B. R. O, Izumi, Kak, K. Ak, Jacobson, Mba, M. B. A, Jacqmin, Jang, Hby, H. By, Jani, Kbk, K. Bk, Jaranowski, Pdb, P. Db, Jawahar, Sdc, S. Dc, Jiménez, Forteza, Fbn, F. Bn, Johnson, Wwb, W. W. B, Nko, N. K. O, Mcdaniela, Jones, Diz, D. I. Z, Jonker, Rjgi, R. J. G. I, Ju, Lay, L. Ay, Haris, Kdd, K. Dd, Kalaghatgi, Cvxcm, C. V. Xcm, Kalogera, Vcd, V. Cd, Kandhasamy, Su, S. U, Kang, Gby, G. By, Kanner, Jba, J. B. A, Karki, Sbg, S. Bg, Kasprzack, Mbwah, M. Bwah, Katsavounidis, Ej, E. J, Katzman, Wf, W. F, Kaufer, Sq, S. Q, Kaur, Tay, T. Ay, Kawabe, Kawazoe, Fhq, F. Hq, Kéfélian, Kehl, Msbq, M. S. Bq, Keitel, Dhbn, D. Hbn, Kelley, Dbai, D. B. Ai, Kells, Wa, W. A, Kennedy, Rch, R. Ch, Keppel, Dgh, D. G. H, Key, Jsce, J. S. Ce, Khalaidovski, Ah, A. H, Khalili, Fyaw, F. Y. Aw, Khan, Il, I. L, Zcq, Z. Cq, Khazanov, Eade, E. A. De, Kijbunchoo, Nak, N. Ak, Kim, Cby, C. By, Jdf, J. Df, Kdg, K. Dg, Kimby, Nam Gyu, Kiman, Namjun, Y. Mdf, Y. M. df, King, Ejcz, E. J. Cz, Pjak, P. J. Ak, Kinzel, Dlf, D. L. F, Kissel, Jsak, J. S. Ak, Kleybolte, Laa, L. Aa, Klimenko, Se, S. E, Koehlenbeck, Smh, S. M. H, Kokeyama, Kb, K. B, Koley, Si, S. I, Kondrashov, Kontos, Koranda, Korobko, Korth, Wza, W. Z. A, Kowalska, Iar, I. Ar, Kozak, Dba, D. B. A, Kringel, Vh, V. H, Krishnan, Bh, B. H, Królak, Adhdi, A. Dhdi, Krueger, Cq, C. Q, Kuehn, Kumar, Pbq, P. Bq, Kuo, Lbu, L. Bu, Kutynia, Adh, A. Dh, Kwee, Lackey, Bdai, B. D. Ai, Landry, Mak, M. Ak, Lange, Lantz, Ban, B. An, Lasky, Pddj, P. D. Dj, Lazzarini, Aa, A. A, Lazzaro, Capbk, C. Apbk, Leaci, Pabacca, P. Abacca, Leavey, Lebigot, Eoadbr, E. O. Adbr, Lee, Chdf, C. H. Df, Hkdg, H. K. Dg, Hmdk, H. M. Dk, Lenon, Aai, A. Ai, Leonardi, Mckcl, M. Ckcl, Leong, Jrh, J. R. H, Leroy, Letendre, Ng, N. G, Levin, Ydj, Y. Dj, Levine, Bmak, B. M. Ak, Li, Tgfa, T. G. F. A, Libson, Littenberg, Tbdl, T. B. Dl, Lockerbie, Nadc, N. A. Dc, Logue, Lombardi, Alcy, A. L. Cy, London, Ltcm, L. T. Cm, Lord, Jeai, J. E. Ai, Lorenzini, Mlm, M. Lm, Loriette, Vdm, V. Dm, Lormand, Losurdo, Gbf, G. Bf, Lough, Jdhq, J. D. Hq, Lousto, Cocx, C. O. Cx, Lovelace, Lück, Hhq, H. Hq, Lundgren, Aph, A. P. H, Luo, Jbz, J. Bz, Lynch, Rj, R. J, Ma, Yay, Y. Ay, Macdonald, Tan, T. An, Machenschalk, Macinnis, Macleod, Dmb, D. M. B, Magaña, Sandoval, Fai, F. Ai, Magee, Rmbd, R. M. Bd, Mageswaran, Majorana, Eab, E. Ab, Maksimovic, Idm, I. Dm, Malvezzi, Vmy, V. My, Man, Nba, N. Ba, Mandel, Ias, I. A, Mandic, Vcf, V. Cf, Mangano, Vaj, V. Aj, Mansell, Glt, G. L. T, Manske, Mp, M. P, Mantovani, Marchesoni, Fagdn, F. Agdn, Marion, Fg, F. G, Márka, Sam, S. Am, Zam, Z. Am, Markosyan, Asan, A. S. An, Maros, Ea, E. A, Martelli, Fbebf, F. Bebf, Martellini, Lba, L. Ba, Martin, Iwaj, I. W. Aj, Rme, R. M. E, Martynov, Dva, D. V. A, Marx, Jna, J. N. A, Mason, Kj, K. J, Masserot, Ag, A. G, Massinger, Tjai, T. J. Ai, Masso, Reid, Matichard, Matone, Lam, L. Am, Mavalvala, Mazumder, Nbd, N. Bd, Mazzolo, Mccarthy, Rak, R. Ak, Mcclelland, Det, D. E. T, Mccormick, Sf, S. F, Mcguire, Scdo, S. C. Do, Mcintyre, Mciver, Mcmanus, Djt, D. J. T, Mcwilliams, Stda, S. T. Da, Meacher, Dbt, D. Bt, Meadors, Gdhac, G. D. Hac, Meidam, Ji, J. I, Melatos, Acg, A. Cg, Mendell, Gak, G. Ak, Mendoza, Gandara, Dh, D. H, Mercer, Rap, R. A. P, Merilh, Eak, E. Ak, Merzougui, Meshkov, Sa, S. A, Messenger, Messick, Meyers, Pmcf, P. M. Cf, Mezzani, Fabca, F. Abca, Miao, Has, H. A, Michel, Cbm, C. Bm, Middleton, Mikhailov, Eedp, E. E. Dp, Milano, Leopoldo, Miller, Jj, J. J, Millhouse, Mae, M. Ae, Minenkov, Ym, Y. M, Ming, Jhac, J. Hac, Mirshekari, Sdq, S. Dq, Mishra, Co, C. O, Mitra, Mitrofanov, Vpaw, V. P. Aw, Mitselmakher, Mittleman, Moggi, Mohan, Mohapatra, Srpj, S. R. P. J, Montani, Moore, Bccj, B. C. Cj, Cjdr, C. J. Dr, Moraru, Moreno, Morriss, Srce, S. R. Ce, Mossavi, Kh, K. H, Mours, Bg, B. G, Mow, Lowry, Cmas, C. M. A, Mueller, Cle, C. L. E, Muir, Awcm, A. W. Cm, Mukherjeeo, Arunava, Mukherjee, Dp, D. P, Sce, S. Ce, Mukund, Nn, N. N, Mullavey, Munch, Jcz, J. Cz, Murphy, Djam, D. J. Am, Murray, Pgaj, P. G. Aj, Mytidis, Ae, A. E, Nardecchia, Imy, I. My, Naticchioni, Labca, L. Abca, Nayak, Rkds, R. K. D, Necula, Ve, V. E, Nedkova, Kcy, K. Cy, Nelemans, Giaz, G. Iaz, Neri, Matau, M. Atau, Neunzert, Act, A. Ct, Newton, Nguyen, Ttt, T. T. T, Nielsen, Abh, A. B. H, Nissanke, Nitz, Nocera, Nolting, Df, D. F, Normandin, Mence, M. E. N. Ce, Nuttall, Lkai, L. K. Ai, Oberling, Ochsner, Ep, E. P, O'Dell, Jcv, J. Cv, Oelker, Ogin, Ghdt, G. H. Dt, Oh, Jjdu, J. J. Du, Shdu, S. H. Du, Ohme, Fcm, F. Cm, Oliver, Mbn, M. Bn, Oppermann, Oramf, Richard J., O'Reilly, Bf, B. F, O'Shaughnessy, Rcx, R. Cx, Ott, Cdbx, C. D. Bx, Ottaway, Ottens, Rse, R. S. E, Overmier, Hf, H. F, Owen, Bjbs, B. J. B, Pai, Add, A. Dd, Saav, S. A. Av, Palamos, Jrbg, J. R. Bg, Palashov, Ode, O. De, Palomba, Cab, C. Ab, Pal, Singh, Aaa, A. Aa, Pan, Hbu, H. Bu, Ybj, Y. Bj, Pankow, Ccd, C. Cd, Pannarale, Pant, Bcav, B. C. Av, Paoletti, Fsah, F. Sah, Paoli, Papa, Mahpac, M. A. Hpac, Paris, Hran, H. R. An, Parker, Pascucci, Daj, D. Aj, Pasqualetti, Passaquieti, Rrs, R. R, Passuello, Ds, D. S, Patricelli, Brs, B. R, Patrick, Zan, Z. An, Pearlstone, Blaj, B. L. Aj, Pedraza, Pedurand, Rbm, R. Bm, Pekowsky, Lai, L. Ai, Pele, Penn, Sdv, S. Dv, Perreca, Pfeiffer, Hpacbq, H. P. Acbq, Phelps, Piccinni, Oabca, O. Abca, Pichot, Pickenpack, Piergiovanni, Pierro, Vcied, V. Cied, Pillant, Pinard, Lbm, L. Bm, Pinto, Imcied, I. M. Cied, Pitkin, Poeld, Jhh, J. H. H, Poggiani, Popolizio, Pah, P. Ah, Post, Powell, Prasad, Jn, J. N, Predoi, Vcm, V. Cm, Premachandra, Ssdj, S. S. Dj, Prestegard, Tcf, T. Cf, Price, Lra, L. R. A, Prijatelj, Principe, Mcied, M. Cied, Privitera, Prix, Rh, R. H, Prodi, Gackcl, G. A. Ckcl, Prokhorov, Law, L. Aw, Puncken, Punturo, Mag, M. Ag, Puppo, Pürrer, Mac, M. Ac, Qi, Hp, H. P, Qin, Jay, J. Ay, Quetschke, Vce, V. Ce, Quintero, Eaa, E. A. A, Quitzow, Jame, Raab, Fjak, F. J. Ak, Rabeling, Dst, D. S. T, Radkins, Hak, H. Ak, Raffai, Raja, Sav, S. Av, Rakhmanov, Mce, M. Ce, Ramet, Crf, C. R. F, Rapagnani, Pabca, P. Abca, Raymond, Vac, V. Ac, Razzano, Mrs, M. R, Re, Vy, V. Y, Read, Jv, J. V, Reed, Cmak, C. M. Ak, Regimbau, Tba, T. Ba, Rei, Lau, L. Au, Reid, Sax, S. Ax, Reitze, Dhae, D. H. Ae, Rew, Hdp, H. Dp, Reyes, Sdai, S. D. Ai, Ricci, Riles, Kct, K. Ct, Robertson, Naaaj, N. A. Aaj, Robie, Robinet, Rocchi, Am, A. M, Rolland, Lg, L. G, Rollins, Jga, J. G. A, Roma, Vjbg, V. J. Bg, Romano, Jdce, J. D. Ce, Rcd, R. Cd, Romanov, Gdp, G. Dp, Romie, Jhf, J. H. F, Rosińska, Daqdw, D. Aqdw, Rowan, Rüdiger, Ruggi, Ryan, Sachdev, Sadecki, Tak, T. Ak, Sadeghian, Lp, L. P, Salconi, Lah, L. Ah, Saleem, Mdd, M. Dd, Salemi, Fh, F. H, Samajdar, Ads, A. D, Sammut, Lcgdj, L. Cgdj, Sampson, Lmcd, L. M. Cd, Sanchez, Eja, E. J. A, Sandberg, Vak, V. Ak, Sandeen, Bcd, B. Cd, Sanders, Gha, G. H. A, Jraict, J. R. Aict, Sassolas, Bbm, B. Bm, Sathyaprakash, Bscm, B. S. Cm, Saulson, Prai, P. R. Ai, Sauter, Oct, O. Ct, Savage, Rlak, R. L. Ak, Sawadsky, Aq, A. Q, Schale, Pbg, P. Bg, Schilling, Schmidt, Jh, J. H, Pabx, P. Abx, Schnabel, Raa, R. Aa, Schofield, Rmsbg, R. M. S. Bg, Schönbeck, Schreiber, Eh, E. H, Schuette, Dhq, D. Hq, Schutz, Bfaccm, B. F. Accm, Scott, Smt, S. M. T, Sellers, Sengupta, Ascp, A. S. Cp, Sentenac, Dah, D. Ah, Sequino, Sergeev, Ade, A. De, Serna, Setyawati, Yiaz, Y. Iaz, Sevigny, Aak, A. Ak, Shaddock, Dat, D. A. T, Shaffer, Shah, Shahriar, Mscd, M. S. Cd, Shaltev, Shao, Za, Z. A, Shapiro, Shawhan, Pbj, P. Bj, Sheperd, Ap, A. P, Shoemaker, Dhj, D. H. J, Dmbk, D. M. Bk, Siellez, Kbabk, K. Babk, Siemens, Xp, X. P, Sigg, Silva, Adk, A. D. K, Simakov, Singer, Lpbp, L. P. Bp, Singh, Ahlac, A. Hlac, Rb, R. B, Sintes, Ambn, A. M. Bn, Slagmolen, Bjjt, B. J. J. T, Smith, Jrv, J. R. V, Nda, N. D. A, Rjea, R. J. E. A, Son, Ejdu, E. J. Du, Sorazu, Sorrentino, Fau, F. Au, Souradeep, Tn, T. N, Srivastava, Akcq, A. K. Cq, Staley, Aam, A. Am, Steinke, Steinlechner, Steinmeyer, Stephens, Bcp, B. C. P, Stevenson, Spas, S. P. A, Stone, Rce, R. Ce, Strain, Kaaj, K. A. Aj, Straniero, Nbm, N. Bm, Stratta, Strauss, Nabz, N. A. Bz, Strigin, Saw, S. Aw, Sturani, Rdq, R. Dq, Stuver, Alf, A. L. F, Summerscales, Tzdx, T. Z. Dx, Sun, Lcg, L. Cg, Sutton, Pjcm, P. J. Cm, Swinkels, Blah, B. L. Ah, Szczepańczyk, Mjcs, M. J. C, Tacca, Talukder, Dbg, D. Bg, Tanner, Dbe, D. B. E, Tápai, Mcr, M. Cr, Tarabrin, Sph, S. P. H, Taracchini, Taylor, Theeg, Thirugnanasambandam, Mpa, M. P. A, Thomas, Egas, E. G. A, Pak, P. Ak, Thorne, Kaf, K. A. F, Ksbx, K. S. Bx, Thrane, Edj, E. Dj, Tiwari, Sl, S. L, Tokmakov, Kvdc, K. V. Dc, Tomlinson, Cch, C. Ch, Tonelli, Torres, Cvce, C. V. Ce, Torrie, Cia, C. I. A, Töyrä, Das, D. A, Travasso, Traylor, Gf, G. F, Trifirò, Du, D. U, Tringali, Mcckcl, M. C. Ckcl, Trozzo, Lsdy, L. Sdy, Tse, Turconi, Tuyenbayev, Dce, D. Ce, Ugolini, Ddz, D. Dz, Unnikrishnan, Cscu, C. S. Cu, Urban, Alp, A. L. P, Usman, Saai, S. A. Ai, Vahlbruch, Hq, H. Q, Vajente, Valdes, Gce, G. Ce, Vallisneri, Mbx, M. Bx, Bakel, Van, Ni, N. I, Beuzekom, Van, Brand, Van Den, Jfjibi, J. F. J. Ibi, Broeck, Van Den, Ci, C. I, Vander, Hyde, Dcvai, D. C. Vai, Schaaf, Van Der, Li, L. I, Heijningen, Van, Jvi, J. V. I, Veggel, Van, Aaaj, A. A. Aj, Vardaro, Vass, Vasúth, Mal, M. Al, Vaulin, Vecchio, Vedovato, Gap, G. Ap, Veitch, Jas, J. A, Pjcz, P. J. Cz, Venkateswara, Kea, K. Ea, Verkindt, Vetrano, Viceré, Abebf, A. Bebf, Vinciguerra, Sas, S. A, Vine, Djax, D. J. Ax, Vinet, J. Yba, J. Y. ba, Vitale, Vo, Tai, T. Ai, Vocca, Hafag, H. Afag, Vorvick, Voss, Vousden, Wdas, W. D. A, Vyatchanin, Spaw, S. P. Aw, Wade, Art, A. R. T, Leeb, L. E. Eb, Meb, M. Eb, Waldman, Sjj, S. J. J, Walker, Mb, M. B, Wallace, La, L. A, Walsh, Shpac, S. Hpac, Wang, Gl, G. L, Mas, M. A, Ward, Haj, H. Aj, Rlt, R. L. T, Warner, Was, Weaver, Bak, B. Ak, Wei, L. Wba, L. W. ba, Weinert, Weinstein, Aja, A. J. A, Weiss, Welborn, Wen, Weßels, Westphal, Wette, Whelan, Jthcx, J. T. Hcx, Whitcomb, White, Djch, D. J. Ch, Whiting, Bfe, B. F. E, Wiesner, Wilkinson, Willems, Paa, P. A. A, Williams, Le, L. E, Rda, R. D. A, Williamson, Arcm, A. R. Cm, Willis, Jlec, J. L. Ec, Willke, Bhq, B. Hq, Wimmer, Mhhq, M. H. Hq, Winkelmann, Lh, L. H, Winkler, Wh, W. H, Wipf, Cca, C. C. A, Wiseman, Agp, A. G. P, Wittel, Woan, Worden, Wright, Jlaj, J. L. Aj, Wu, Yablon, Jcd, J. Cd, Yakushin, If, I. F, Yam, Wj, W. J, Yamamoto, Ha, H. A, Yancey, Ccbj, C. C. Bj, Yap, Mjt, M. J. T, Yu, Hj, H. J, Yvert, Zadrozny, Zangrando, Zanolin, Mcs, M. C, Zendri, J. Pap, J. P. ap, Zevin, Mcd, M. Cd, Zhang, Mdp, M. Dp, Ycx, Y. Cx, Zhao, Cay, C. Ay, Zhou, Zcd, Z. Cd, Zhu, Xjay, X. J. Ay, Zucker, Meaj, M. E. Aj, Zuraw, Secy, S. E. Cy, Zweizig, Pinto, Innocenzo, Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abernathy, M. R., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adams, T., Addesso, P., Adhikari, R. X., Adya, V. B., Affeldt, C., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. D., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Allen, B., Allocca, A., Altin, P. A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Arai, K., Arain, M. A., Araya, M. C., Arceneaux, C. C., Areeda, J. S., Arnaud, N., Arun, K. G., Ascenzi, S., Ashton, G., Ast, M., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Babak, S., Bacon, P., Bader, M. K. M., Baker, P. T., Baldaccini, F., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Barayoga, J. C., Barclay, S. E., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Bartlett, J., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Batch, J. C., Baune, C., Bavigadda, V., Bazzan, M., Behnke, B., Bejger, M., Belczynski, C., Bell, A. S., Bell, C. J., Berger, B. K., Bergman, J., Bergmann, G., Berry, C. P. L., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Bhagwat, S., Bhandare, R., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Birney, R., Birnholtz, O., Biscans, S., Bisht, A., Bitossi, M., Biwer, C., Bizouard, M. A., Blackburn, J. K., Blair, C. D., Blair, D. G., Blair, R. M., Bloemen, S., Bock, O., Bodiya, T. P., Boer, M., Bogaert, G., Bogan, C., Bohe, A., Bojtos, P., Bond, C., Bondu, F., Bonnand, R., Boom, B. A., Bork, R., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bouffanais, Y., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Braginsky, V. B., Branchesi, M., Brau, J. E., Briant, T., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brisson, V., Brockill, P., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. A., Brown, D. D., Buchanan, C. C., Buikema, A., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Cabero, M., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cahillane, C., Bustillo, J. Calderón, Callister, T., Camp, J. B., Cannon, K. C., Cao, J., Capano, C. D., Capocasa, E., Carbognani, F., Caride, S., Diaz, J. Casanueva, Casentini, C., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cepeda, C. B., Baiardi, L. Cerboni, Cerretani, G., Cesarini, E., Chakraborty, R., Chalermsongsak, T., Chamberlin, S. J., Chan, M., Chao, S., Charlton, P., Chassande Mottin, E., Chen, H. Y., Chen, Y., Cheng, C., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, A., Cho, H. S., Cho, M., Chow, J. H., Christensen, N., Chu, Q., Chua, S., Chung, S., Ciani, G., Clara, F., Clark, J. A., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Cohadon, P. F., Colla, A., Collette, C. G., Cominsky, L., Constancio, M., Conte, A., Conti, L., Cook, D., Corbitt, T. R., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Cortese, S., Costa, C. A., Coughlin, M. W., Coughlin, S. B., Coulon, J. P., Countryman, S. T., Couvares, P., Cowan, E. E., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M. J., Coyne, D. C., Coyne, R., Craig, K., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Cripe, J., Crowder, S. G., Cruise, A. M., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Canton, T. Dal, Danilishin, S. L., D'Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Darman, N. S., Da Silva Costa, C. F., Dattilo, V., Dave, I., Daveloza, H. P., Davier, M., Davies, G. S., Daw, E. J., Day, R., De, S., Debra, D., Debreczeni, G., Degallaix, J., Deléglise, S., Del Pozzo, W., Denker, T., Dent, T., Dereli, H., Dergachev, V., Derosa, R. T., Desalvo, R., Dhurandhar, S., Díaz, M. C., Di Fiore, L., Di Giovanni, M., Di Lieto, A., Di Pace, S., Di Palma, I., Di Virgilio, A., Dojcinoski, G., Dolique, V., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doravari, S., Douglas, R., Downes, T. P., Drago, M., Drever, R. W. P., Driggers, J. C., Du, Z., Ducrot, M., Dwyer, S. E., Edo, T. B., Edwards, M. C., Effler, A., Eggenstein, H. B., Ehrens, P., Eichholz, J., Eikenberry, S. S., Engels, W., Essick, R. C., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T. M., Everett, R., Factourovich, M., Fafone, V., Fair, H., Fairhurst, S., Fan, X., Fang, Q., Farinon, S., Farr, B., Farr, W. M., Favata, M., Fays, M., Fehrmann, H., Fejer, M. M., Feldbaum, D., Ferrante, I., Ferreira, E. C., Ferrini, F., Fidecaro, F., Finn, L. S., Fiori, I., Fiorucci, D., Fisher, R. P., Flaminio, R., Fletcher, M., Fong, H., Fournier, J. D., Franco, S., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frede, M., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Frey, V., Fricke, T. T., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Gabbard, H. A. G., Gair, J. R., Gammaitoni, L., Gaonkar, S. G., Gatto, A., Gaur, G., Gehrels, N., Gemme, G., Gendre, B., Genin, E., Gennai, A., George, J., Gergely, L., Germain, V., Ghosh, Abhirup, Ghosh, Archisman, Ghosh, S., Giaime, J. A., Giardina, K. D., Giazotto, A., Gill, K., Glaefke, A., Gleason, J. R., Goetz, E., Goetz, R., Gondan, L., González, G., Castro, J. M. Gonzalez, Gopakumar, A., Gordon, N. A., Gorodetsky, M. L., Gossan, S. E., Gosselin, M., Gouaty, R., Graef, C., Graff, P. B., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gras, S., Gray, C., Greco, G., Green, A. C., Greenhalgh, R. J. S., Groot, P., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Guidi, G. M., Guo, X., Gupta, A., Gupta, M. K., Gushwa, K. E., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Hacker, J. J., Hall, B. R., Hall, E. D., Hammond, G., Haney, M., Hanke, M. M., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hannam, M. D., Hanson, J., Hardwick, T., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Hart, M. J., Hartman, M. T., Haster, C. J., Haughian, K., Healy, J., Heefner, J., Heidmann, A., Heintze, M. C., Heinzel, G., Heitmann, H., Hello, P., Hemming, G., Hendry, M., Heng, I. S., Hennig, J., Heptonstall, A. W., Heurs, M., Hild, S., Hoak, D., Hodge, K. A., Hofman, D., Hollitt, S. E., Holt, K., Holz, D. E., Hopkins, P., Hosken, D. J., Hough, J., Houston, E. A., Howell, E. J., Hu, Y. M., Huang, S., Huerta, E. A., Huet, D., Hughey, B., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Huynh Dinh, T., Idrisy, A., Indik, N., Ingram, D. R., Inta, R., Isa, H. N., Isac, J. M., Isi, M., Islas, G., Isogai, T., Iyer, B. R., Izumi, K., Jacobson, M. B., Jacqmin, T., Jang, H., Jani, K., Jaranowski, P., Jawahar, S., Jiménez Forteza, F., Johnson, W. W., Johnson Mcdaniel, N. K., Jones, D. I., Jones, R., Jonker, R. J. G., Ju, L., Haris, K., Kalaghatgi, C. V., Kalogera, V., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Karki, S., Kasprzack, M., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaufer, S., Kaur, T., Kawabe, K., Kawazoe, F., Kéfélian, F., Kehl, M. S., Keitel, D., Kelley, D. B., Kells, W., Kennedy, R., Keppel, D. G., Key, J. S., Khalaidovski, A., Khalili, F. Y., Khan, I., Khan, S., Khan, Z., Khazanov, E. A., Kijbunchoo, N., Kim, C., Kim, J., Kim, K., Kim, Nam Gyu, Kim, Namjun, Kim, Y. M., King, E. J., King, P. J., Kinzel, D. L., Kissel, J. S., Kleybolte, L., Klimenko, S., Koehlenbeck, S. M., Kokeyama, K., Koley, S., Kondrashov, V., Kontos, A., Koranda, S., Korobko, M., Korth, W. Z., Kowalska, I., Kozak, D. B., Kringel, V., Krishnan, B., Królak, A., Krueger, C., Kuehn, G., Kumar, P., Kumar, R., Kuo, L., Kutynia, A., Kwee, P., Lackey, B. 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Subjects: Astronomy, Gravitational Wave, General Physics and Astronomy, Primordial black hole, Astrophysics, Kilonova, Gravitational Waves, Binary Black Holes, LIGO, Virgo, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Gravitational wave background, Observatory, LIGO, Binary Black Hole, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), QC, QB, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, astro-ph.HE, LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration, Gravastar, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, COALESCENCE, symbols, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Sciences exactes et naturelles, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], General relativity, gr-qc, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Observable universe, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, MASS, [ PHYS.GRQC ] Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], symbols.namesake, Physics and Astronomy (all), Binary black hole, 0103 physical sciences, Einstein, FIELD, 010306 general physics, STFC, Gravitational Waves, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Virgo, RCUK, [ PHYS.ASTR.HE ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], PULSAR, Redshift, Galaxy, Black hole, STELLAR, Binary Black Holes, Physics and Astronomy, RADIATION, SYSTEM
Abstract: On September 14, 2015 at 09:50:45 UTC the two detectors of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory simultaneously observed a transient gravitational-wave signal. The signal sweeps upwards in frequency from 35 to 250 Hz with a peak gravitational-wave strain of 1.0×10-21. It matches the waveform predicted by general relativity for the inspiral and merger of a pair of black holes and the ringdown of the resulting single black hole. The signal was observed with a matched-filter signal-to-noise ratio of 24 and a false alarm rate estimated to be less than 1 event per 203 000 years, equivalent to a significance greater than 5.1σ. The source lies at a luminosity distance of 410-180+160 Mpc corresponding to a redshift z=0.09-0.04+0.03. In the source frame, the initial black hole masses are 36-4+5M⊙ and 29-4+4M⊙, and the final black hole mass is 62-4+4M⊙, with 3.0-0.5+0.5M⊙c2 radiated in gravitational waves. All uncertainties define 90% credible intervals. These observations demonstrate the existence of binary stellar-mass black hole systems. This is the first direct detection of gravitational waves and the first observation of a binary black hole merger., 0, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

4. Cost Consequence Analysis for Optimising Medical Therapy in an Australian Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) Cohort

Author: Chatterjee, R., primary and Drak, D., additional
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

5. Selectively Intensifying P2Y12 Inhibition in Poor Responders to Clopidogrel Decreases Thrombotic Events Without Increasing Bleeding Risk Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Systematic Review

Author: Drak, D., primary
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

6. Identifying Treatment Gaps in HFrEF Management in Metropolitan Australian Hospitals

Author: Drak, D., primary, Fulcher, J., additional, Kilian, J., additional, Chong, J., additional, Grover, R., additional, and Keech, A., additional
Published: 2019
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7. A Guideline-Based Audit of Hospital Treatment Practices in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction

Author: Drak, D., primary, Fulcher, J., additional, Lattimore, J., additional, Adams, M., additional, and Keech, A., additional
Published: 2017
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8. Long-Term Persistence of Systolic Hypertension and Left Ventricular Fibrosis in an Animal Model of Early and Complete Repair of Aortic Coarctation

Author: Drak, D., primary, Krishnan, A., additional, Chen, S., additional, Canniffe, C., additional, Bao, S., additional, Denyer, G., additional, Liu, J., additional, and Celermajer, D., additional
Published: 2016
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9. Early relief of aortic coarctation results in complete regression of cardiac hypertrophy and associated changes in the transcriptome; an animal model

Author: Chen, S., primary, Drak, D., additional, Krishnan, A., additional, Li, W., additional, Denyer, G., additional, Celermajer, D., additional, and Liu, J., additional
Published: 2015
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10. A model for early transient pressure overload to simulate successful early repair of aortic coarctation

Author: Krishnan, A., primary, Drak, D., additional, Canniffe, C., additional, Stanley, W., additional, Bao, S., additional, Celermajer, D., additional, and Liu, J., additional
Published: 2015
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11. Adopting a Mediterranean diet slows the progression of established heart failure arising from myocardial infarction

Author: Drak, D., primary, Krishnan, A., additional, Stanley, W., additional, Celermajer, D., additional, and Liu, J., additional
Published: 2015
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12. Kidney transplantation in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: An overview of the Australian experience.

Author: McMullen L, Drak D, Basu G, Coates PT, Goodman DJ, Graver A, Isbel N, Lim WH, Luxton G, Sciberras F, Toussaint ND, Wong G, and Gracey DM
Subjects: Humans, Male, Female, Adolescent, Adult, Middle Aged, Immunosuppressive Agents adverse effects, HIV, Retrospective Studies, Graft Rejection prevention & control, Renal Dialysis, Australia epidemiology, Graft Survival, Kidney Transplantation adverse effects, HIV Infections complications, HIV Infections diagnosis, HIV Infections drug therapy
Abstract: Kidney transplantation in people living with HIV (PLWHIV) is occurring with increasing frequency. Limited international data suggest comparable patient and graft survival in kidney transplant recipients with and without HIV. All PLWHIV aged ≥18 years who received a kidney transplant between 2000 and 2020 were identified by retrospective data initially extracted from Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry (ANZDATA), with additional HIV-specific clinical data extracted from linked local health-care records. Twenty-five PLWHIV and kidney failure received their first kidney transplant in Australia between January 2000 and December 2020. Majority were male (85%), with median age 54 years (interquartile range, IQR 43-57). Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis was the most common primary kidney disease (20%), followed by polycystic kidney disease (16%). 80% of patients underwent induction with basiliximab and none with anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG). Participants were followed for median time of 3.5 years (IQR 2.0-6.5). Acute rejection occurred in 24% of patients. Two patients lost their allografts and three died. Virological escape occurred in 28% of patients, with a maximum viral load of 190 copies/mL. In conclusion, kidney transplantation in PLWHIV in Australia is occurring with increasing frequency. Acute rejection is more common than in Australia's general transplant population, but this does not appear to be associated with higher rates of graft failure or mortality out to four years., (© 2023 The Authors. Nephrology published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Asian Pacific Society of Nephrology.)
Published: 2024
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13. Guideline-based audit of the hospital management of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.

Author: Drak D, Fulcher J, Kilian J, Chong JJH, Grover R, Sindone AP, Adams M, Lattimore JD, and Keech AC
Subjects: Humans, Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists therapeutic use, Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists therapeutic use, Stroke Volume, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors therapeutic use, Australia epidemiology, Hospitals, Adrenergic beta-Antagonists therapeutic use, Heart Failure drug therapy, Heart Failure epidemiology
Abstract: Background: Heart failure is a major burden in Australia in terms of morbidity, mortality and healthcare expenditure. Multiple evidence-based therapies are recommended for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), but data on physician adherence to therapy guidelines are limited., Aim: To compare use of HFrEF therapies against current evidence-based guidelines in an Australian hospital inpatient population., Methods: A retrospective review of patients admitted with a principal diagnosis of HFrEF across six metropolitan hospitals in Sydney, Australia, between January 2015 and June 2016. Use of medical and device therapies was compared with guideline recommendations using individual patient indications/contraindications. Readmission and mortality data were collected for a 1-year period following the admission., Results: Of the 1028 HFrEF patients identified, 39 were being managed with palliative intent, leaving 989 patients for the primary analysis. Use of beta-blockers (87.7% actual use/93.6% recommended use) and diuretics (88.4%/99.3%) was high among eligible patients. There were large evidence-practice gaps for angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers (ACEI/ARB; 66.4%/89.0%) and aldosterone antagonists (41.0%/77.1%). In absolute terms, use of these therapies each increased by over 11% from admission. Ivabradine (11.5%/21.2%), automated internal cardiac defibrillators (29.5%/66.1%) and cardiac resynchronisation therapy (13.1%/28.7%) were used in a minority of eligible patients. Over the 1-year follow-up period, the mortality rate was 14.8%, and 44.2% of patients were readmitted to hospital at least once., Conclusion: Hospitalisation is a key mechanism for initiation of HFrEF therapies. The large evidence-practice gaps for ACEI/ARB and aldosterone antagonists represent potential avenues for improved HFrEF management., (© 2022 Royal Australasian College of Physicians.)
Published: 2023
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14. Comparison of CG, CKD-EPI[AS] and CKD-EPI[ASR] equations to estimate glomerular filtration rate and predict mortality in treatment naïve people living with HIV in Zimbabwe.

Author: Hunter-Dickson M, Drak D, Anderson M, Shamu T, Chimbetete C, Dahwa R, and Gracey DM
Subjects: Female, Humans, Male, Renal Insufficiency, Retrospective Studies, Zimbabwe epidemiology, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic mortality, HIV Infections complications
Abstract: Background: Renal impairment in people living with HIV (PWH) in Sub-Saharan Africa is common and associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The ideal equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in this population remains unclear. That which best predicts clinical risk may be the most appropriate while validation studies are awaited. Here we compare the Cockcroft-Gault (CG), Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI[ASR]) and the CKD-EPI equation with the race coefficient removed (CKD-EPI[AS]), in a population of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) naïve PWH in Zimbabwe to assess which equation best predicts mortality., Methods: A retrospective cohort study of treatment naïve PWH at the Newlands Clinic in Harare, Zimbabwe was completed. The study included all patients commencing ART between 2007 and 2019. Predictors of mortality were assessed by multivariable logistic regression., Results: A total of 2991 patients were followed-up for a median of 4.6 years. The cohort was 62.1% female, with 26.1% of patients having at least one comorbidity. The CG equation identified 21.6% of patients as having renal impairment compared with 17.6% with CKD-EPI[AS] and 9.3% with CKD-EPI[ASR]. There was a mortality rate of 9.1% across the study period. The highest mortality risk was seen in those with renal impairment as determined by the CKD-EPI[ASR] equation for both eGFR < 90 and eGFR < 60 with OR 2.97 (95%CI 1.86-4.76) and OR 10.6 (95%CI 3.15-18.04) respectively., Conclusion: In treatment naïve PWH in Zimbabwe, the CKD-EPI[ASR] equation identifies patients at highest risk of mortality when compared to the CKD-EPI[AS] and CG equations., (© 2023. Crown.)
Published: 2023
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15. Assessing renal impairment in treatment-naïve adolescents living with HIV commencing antiretroviral therapy in Zimbabwe.

Author: Byers BW, Drak D, Shamu T, Chimbetete C, Dahwa R, and Gracey DM
Subjects: Humans, Adolescent, Child, Zimbabwe epidemiology, Retrospective Studies, Anti-Retroviral Agents therapeutic use, Risk Factors, Proteinuria epidemiology, Glomerular Filtration Rate, HIV Infections complications, HIV Infections drug therapy, HIV Infections epidemiology, Renal Insufficiency epidemiology
Abstract: Objective: People with HIV (PWH) are increasingly experiencing non-communicable complications, including renal impairment, which are associated with worse clinical outcomes. Limited information exists surrounding renal impairment in paediatric PWH, of which the majority live in sub-Saharan Africa, and further information is required to guide clinical practice. This study describes the prevalence of new or worsening renal impairment in adolescents commencing antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Zimbabwe and associated risk factors., Design: Retrospective cohort study., Methods: Data were collected between January 2010 to January 2019 from the medical records of adolescents aged 12-17 years initiating ART at an outpatient HIV clinic in Zimbabwe. Renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate, eGFR) was calculated using the Full Age Spectrum formula. Proteinuria was defined as a single urine dipstick score of ≥1+. Potential predictors of renal impairment at follow-up were assessed by logistical regression., Results: Two hundred and sixty-six adolescents were included in analysis. Baseline renal impairment (eGFR < 90 ml/min/1.73 m 2 ) and proteinuria were present in 13% and 7% of the cohort, respectively. After a median of 4.1 years (interquartile range: 1.9-6.9) following ART commencement, mean eGFR increased by 10 ml/min/1.73 m 2 ( P < 0.01), and the prevalence of renal impairment decreased to 8% ( P < 0.01). Baseline renal impairment predicted renal impairment at follow-up (odds ratio [OR] 8.98; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.81-28.68; P < 0.01). Proteinuria trended towards association with renal impairment at follow-up (OR 4.39; 95% CI 0.95-20.31; P = 0.06)., Conclusions: Renal impairment is common in adolescent ART-naïve PWH, and baseline renal impairment is associated with longstanding renal impairment, whereas baseline proteinuria trended towards an association with longstanding renal impairment., (Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2023
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16. Predictors of renal impairment and proteinuria after commencement of antiretroviral therapy in a Zimbabwean HIV cohort.

Author: Drak D, Heron JE, Shamu T, Chimbetete C, Dahwa R, and Gracey DM
Subjects: Adolescent, Adult, Female, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Humans, Male, Proteinuria chemically induced, Proteinuria epidemiology, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Zimbabwe epidemiology, HIV Infections complications, HIV Infections drug therapy, HIV Infections epidemiology, Hypertension, Kidney Diseases chemically induced, Kidney Diseases diagnosis, Kidney Diseases epidemiology, Renal Insufficiency chemically induced, Renal Insufficiency complications, Renal Insufficiency epidemiology
Abstract: Background: Renal disease prevalence varies widely amongst reported cohorts of people living with HIV (PLWHIV) in sub-Saharan Africa. Renal function testing is not routine in those commencing antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the region, however. Further data on renal disease prevalence and the change associated with ART use are therefore needed., Aim: To explore changes in renal function and associated predictors after 1 year of ART in an adult cohort of PLWHIV from Zimbabwe., Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients who attended the Newlands Clinic between January 2007 and September 2019. Eligible patients were aged ≥18 years and had measures of serum creatinine at baseline and after 1 year of ART. Predictors of renal function change were assessed by multiple linear regression., Results: 1729 patients were eligible for inclusion. Median age was 36 years (IQR 30-43) and 62.8% were female. After 1 year of ART, the proportion of patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min/1.73 2 did not significantly change (2.0% vs. 1.2%; p = 0.094), but there was a decrease in the proportion of patients with proteinuria (11.0% vs. 5.6%; p < 0.001). Hypertension (B = -6.43; 95% CI -8.97 to -3.89; p < 0.001) and baseline proteinuria (B = -7.33; 95% CI -10.25 to -4.42; p < 0.001) were negative predictors of change in eGFR from baseline, whereas diabetes status was not associated (p = 0.476)., Conclusion: Proteinuria was common, but its prevalence halved after 1 year of ART. Screening for hypertension could be a simple way to identify patients at risk of renal function decline., (© 2022 British HIV Association.)
Published: 2022
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17. Fanconi syndrome in a patient receiving pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV infection: case report.

Author: Drak D, Lin J, Gowers A, and Gracey DM
Subjects: Emtricitabine adverse effects, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Proteinuria chemically induced, Proteinuria drug therapy, Tenofovir adverse effects, Anti-HIV Agents adverse effects, Fanconi Syndrome chemically induced, Fanconi Syndrome drug therapy, HIV Infections drug therapy, HIV Infections prevention & control, Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis, Renal Insufficiency
Abstract: Background: Tenofovir disoproxil is efficacious in the preventing HIV infection as part of a pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) regimen. Although its use has been associated with impaired renal function, instances of Fanconi syndrome are extremely rare. This may change with increased uptake of PrEP., Methods: A 55-year-old male patient (he/him/his) was commenced on PrEP with a baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of approximately 60mL/min/1.73m2 ., Results: Within 6months, he developed new and worsening proteinuria, glycosuria and aminoaciduria despite no apparent change in eGFR. PrEP was discontinued and his urinary abnormalities rapidly resolved. The patient remains off PrEP., Conclusions: Fanconi syndrome is a rare, but known complication of tenofovir disoproxil. This is the first report related to PrEP in Australia. While tenofovir associated nephrotoxicity in patients taking PrEP is uncommon, the patient's age and pre-existing renal impairment placed him at substantially higher risk. At-risk patients need more frequent monitoring of their eGFR and proteinuria. Urinary protein to creatinine ratio is the preferred to dipstick testing for proteinuria and the latter does not readily detect the low molecular wight proteinuria characteristic of tenofovir toxicity. Early recognition of these patients is essential, as prompt cessation of PrEP can often reverse renal abnormalities.
Published: 2022
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18. Comparison of predictors for early and late mortality in adults commencing HIV antiretroviral therapy in Zimbabwe: a retrospective cohort study.

Author: Byers BW, Drak D, Shamu T, Chimbetete C, Dahwa R, and Gracey DM
Subjects: Adult, Anti-Retroviral Agents therapeutic use, Humans, Proteinuria drug therapy, Retrospective Studies, Zimbabwe epidemiology, Anti-HIV Agents therapeutic use, HIV Infections diagnosis
Abstract: Background: People living with HIV (PLWHIV) commencing antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa experience significant mortality within the first year. Previously, identified risk factors for mortality may be biased towards these patients, as compared to those who experience late mortality., Aim: To compare risk factors for early and late mortality in PLWHIV commencing ART., Methods: A retrospective cohort study of ART-naïve patients aged ≥ 18 years from an outpatient HIV clinic in Zimbabwe. Data were collected between January 2010 and January 2019. Predictors for early (≤ 1 year) and late mortality (> 1 year) were determined by multivariable cox proportional hazards analyses, with patients censored at 1 year and landmark analysis after 1 year, respectively., Results: Three thousand and thirty-nine PLWHIV were included in the analysis. Over a median follow-up of 4.6 years (IQR 2.5-6.9), there was a mortality rate of 8.8%, with 50.4% of deaths occurring within 1 year. Predictors of early mortality included CD4 count < 50 cells/µL (HR 1.84, 95% CI 1.24-2.72, p < 0.01), WHO Stage III (HR 2.05, 95% CI 1.28-3.27, p < 0.01) or IV (HR 2.83, 95% CI 1.67-4.81, p < 0.01), and eGFR < 90 mL/min/1.73 m 2 (HR 2.48, 95% CI 1.56-3.96, p < 0.01). Other than age (p < 0.01), only proteinuria (HR 2.12, 95% CI 1.12-4.01, p = 0.02) and diabetes mellitus (HR 3.51, 95% CI 1.32-9.32, p = 0.01) were associated with increased risk of late mortality., Conclusions: Traditional markers of mortality risk in patients commencing ART appear to be limited to early mortality. Proteinuria and diabetes are some of the few predictors of late mortality, and should be incorporated into routine screening of patients commencing ART., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
Published: 2022
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19. A suspected case of hyponatraemia induced rhabdomyolysis: a case report.

Author: Reakes E, Drak D, and Gracey D
Subjects: Creatine Kinase, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Acute Kidney Injury diagnosis, Acute Kidney Injury etiology, Acute Kidney Injury therapy, HIV Infections complications, Hyponatremia diagnosis, Hyponatremia etiology, Hyponatremia therapy, Rhabdomyolysis complications, Rhabdomyolysis diagnosis
Abstract: Background: Hyponatraemia is a documented but under-recognised cause of rhabdomyolysis, with the contrasting treatment strategies for the two conditions posing a unique challenge. Balancing the need for aggressive fluid replacement for the treatment of rhabdomyolysis, with the risk of rapidly correcting hyponatraemia is imperative., Case Presentation: A 52-year-old gentleman with a background of HIV infection and hypertension presented with seizures following methamphetamine use, acute water intoxication, and thiazide use. He was found to have severe hyponatraemia, and following initial correction with hypertonic saline, was commenced on a fluid restriction. After two days he developed abdominal wall and thigh pain, along with oliguria. Laboratory data demonstrated markedly elevated creatine kinase levels and deteriorating renal function. A diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis and severe acute kidney injury was made and aggressive fluid replacement commenced, leading to full resolution of the hyponatraemia, rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury., Conclusion: Hyponatraemia-induced rhabdomyolysis is rare but can cause significant morbidity and mortality if left untreated. Physicians should consider measuring creatine kinase levels in all patients presenting with severe hyponatraemia, particularly in the presence of other risk factors for rhabdomyolysis. Fluid replacement strategies must be considered in relation to the relative onset and risk of over-correcting hyponatraemia., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
Published: 2022
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20. Patterns of biopsy-proven renal disease in people living with HIV: 10 years experience in Sydney, Australia.

Author: Turner D, Drak D, Gracey D, and Anderson L
Subjects: Australia epidemiology, Biopsy, Female, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, HIV Infections epidemiology, Renal Insufficiency pathology, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic epidemiology, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic pathology
Abstract: Background: Acute and chronic kidney diseases are important comorbidities in People Living With HIV (PLWH). Biopsy is often pursued in this cohort with ongoing renal impairment without a clear aetiology, in order to establish the diagnosis and to guide management. Despite the importance of renal disease in PLWH, there is a paucity of biopsy data-especially in the Australian setting. Consequently, who and when to biopsy is mainly based on clinical experience. The aims of this study were to describe biopsy-proven renal disease in PLWH at our institution and to assess for correlation between any demographic or laboratory characteristics with histological diagnosis., Methods: A retrospective review of all PLWH who underwent renal biopsy between January 2010 and December 2020 at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia was performed. All PLWH over 18 years, who were not transplant recipients were included. Demographic, laboratory and biopsy data was extracted from the electronic medical records. Basic descriptive statistics were performed, and correlation was assessed using chi square and Kendall's coefficient of rank test., Results: 19 renal biopsies were included in the study. The majority of PLWH were Australian born (53%), male (84%) and had a mean age of 48 years (SD 13). Comorbid hypertension and diabetes were present in 74% and 21% of people respectively. The mean serum creatinine was 132 µmol/L (SD 55) and the mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 61 ml/min/1.73m 2 (SD 24). The most common histological diagnosis was tubulointerstial nephritis in 5 people (24%). Hypertensive glomerulosclerosis and IgA nephropathy were present in 4 (19%) and 3 (14%) people respectively. There were no cases of HIV-associated nephropathy. There was no significant correlation between any cohort characteristics and diagnoses., Conclusions: This study represents the first description of biopsy-proven kidney disease in the HIV-infected population of Australia. Our results support the use of renal biopsy in PLWH with ongoing renal impairment for accurate diagnosis and to guide further management. Although a small sample size, our study is larger than other published international biopsy studies., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
Published: 2022
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21. Renal function and associated mortality risk in adults commencing HIV antiretroviral therapy in Zimbabwe.

Author: Drak D, Shamu T, Heron JE, Chimbetete C, Dahwa R, and Gracey DM
Subjects: Adolescent, Adult, Anti-Retroviral Agents therapeutic use, Female, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Humans, Kidney physiology, Male, Proteinuria, Retrospective Studies, Zimbabwe epidemiology, HIV Infections complications, HIV Infections drug therapy, HIV Infections epidemiology, Kidney Diseases complications, Renal Insufficiency epidemiology
Abstract: Background: People with HIV (PWH) in sub-Saharan Africa appear to have a higher incidence of renal disease than other global regions but data are limited. This renal impairment may be associated with an increased mortality risk., Aims: To define the prevalence of renal disease and explore its association with mortality risk in a cohort from Zimbabwe commencing antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV infection., Methods: A retrospective study of all patients aged at least 18 years, commenced on ART for HIV infection at the Newlands Clinic in Harare, Zimbabwe between January 2007 and September 2019 was conducted. Data were extracted from electronic medical records. Patients with no baseline creatinine measurement were excluded. Baseline characteristics were assessed as potential predictors for mortality by Cox proportional hazard regression., Results: Three thousand and thirty-nine patients were eligible for inclusion. Most were female (62.1%), with a median age of 36 years (IQR 30-43). At baseline, 7.3% had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 90 ml/min per 1.73 m2 or less and 11.4% had proteinuria. Over a median follow-up period of 4.6 years (IQR 2.5-6.9), the mortality rate was 8.7%. One half of deaths (49.2%) occurred within the first year. In multivariable analysis, a baseline eGFR between 60 and 90 ml/min per 1.73 m2 [hazard ratio 2.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.46-3.33, P < 0.001] and proteinuria (hazard ratio 2.10, 95% CI 1.35-3.27, P < 0.001) were associated with increased mortality risk., Conclusion: Baseline renal impairment was common. Both a reduced eGFR or proteinuria were independently associated with a doubling of mortality risk. These should serve as markers in the clinical setting of at-risk patients., (Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)
Published: 2022
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22. Renal impairment in a large-scale HIV preexposure prophylaxis implementation cohort.

Author: Drak D, Mcmanus H, Vickers T, Heron JE, Vaccher S, Zablotska I, Guy R, Bavinton B, Jin F, Grulich AE, Bloch M, O'Connor CC, and Gracey DM
Subjects: Adult, Australia epidemiology, Emtricitabine, Humans, Male, Anti-HIV Agents adverse effects, HIV Infections complications, HIV Infections drug therapy, HIV Infections prevention & control, Kidney Diseases chemically induced, Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis
Abstract: Background: HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with fixed-dose tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and emtricitabine has been associated with low rates of renal impairment in clinical trials. Large-scale PrEP implementation may result in higher rates, as the prevalence of associated risk factors may be higher than in trial populations., Methods: A posthoc analysis of EPIC-NSW, a large Australian multicentre PrEP implementation trial for patients at high risk of HIV infection. Participants were eligible for inclusion if they commenced PrEP between 1 March 2016 and 30 April 2018, and had renal function assessed at baseline and at least once more before the censor date. The primary outcome was new-onset renal impairment, defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2., Results: A total of 6808 participants were eligible for inclusion. Almost all were male (99%), with a median age of 35 years [interquartile range (IQR): 28-44]. Approximately one-quarter (26%) had a baseline eGFR <90 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Over a median follow-up period of 1.2 years (IQR: 0.6-1.7), the rate of renal impairment was 5.8 episodes per 1000 person-years [95% confidence interval (CI): 4.0-7.8]. In multivariable Cox regression, there was a higher risk of renal impairment in participants aged ≥50 years [hazard ratio (HR) 14.7, 95% CI: 5.0-43.3, P < 0.001] and those with an eGFR <90 ml/min per 1.73 m2 (HR 28.9, 95% CI: 6.9-121.9) at baseline., Conclusion: In a large-scale implementation study, TDF-containing PrEP was associated with a low risk of renal impairment overall, whereas older patients and those with preexisting renal dysfunction were at substantially increased risk., (Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2021
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23. Baseline renal function predicts mortality in adolescents commenced on HIV antiretroviral therapy.

Author: Drak D, Dahwa R, Reakes E, Heron JE, Shamu T, Chimbetete C, and Gracey DM
Subjects: Adolescent, Anti-Retroviral Agents therapeutic use, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Humans, Anti-HIV Agents therapeutic use, HIV Infections drug therapy
Published: 2021
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24. Trends and Outcomes in Simultaneous Liver and Kidney Transplantation in Australia and New Zealand.

Author: Drak D, Tangirala N, Fink M, Adams LA, Fawcett J, Jeffrey GP, Byrne M, McCaughan G, Chadban S, Wyburn K, Wong G, Lim WH, and Gracey DM
Subjects: Adult, Australia, Female, Graft Survival, Humans, Kidney Transplantation mortality, Liver Transplantation mortality, Male, Middle Aged, New Zealand, Registries, Survival Rate, Kidney Transplantation methods, Liver Transplantation methods, Postoperative Complications epidemiology
Abstract: Aim: Rates of simultaneous liver and kidney transplantation (SLKT) have increased, but indications for SLKT remain poorly defined. Additional data are needed to determine which patients benefit from SLKT to best direct use of scarce donor kidneys., Methods: Data were extracted from the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry (ANZDATA) database for all SLKT performed until the end of 2017. Patients were divided by pretransplant dialysis status into no dialysis before SLKT (preemptive kidney transplant) and any dialysis before SLKT (nonpreemptive). Baseline characteristics and outcomes were compared., Results: Between 1989 and 2017, inclusive, 84 SLKT procedures were performed in Australia, of which 24% were preemptive. Preemptive and nonpreemptive SLKT recipients did not significantly differ in age (P = .267), sex (P = .526), or ethnicity (P = .870). Over a median follow-up time of 4.5 years, preemptively transplanted patients had a statistically equivalent risk of kidney graft failure (hazard ratio (HR) 1.83, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.36-12.86, P = .474) and all-cause mortality (HR 1.69, 95% CI: 0.51-5.6, P = .226) compared to nonpreemptive patients. Overall, 1- and 5-year survival rates for all SLKTs were 92% (95% CI: 86-96) and 60% (95% CI: 45-75), respectively., Conclusion: Kidney graft and overall patient survival were similar between patients with preemptive kidney transplant and those who were dialysis dependent., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2021
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25. Renal function change after switching tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for tenofovir alafenamide in the HIV-positive patients of a metropolitan sexual health service.

Author: Turner D, Drak D, O'Connor CC, Templeton DJ, and Gracey DM
Subjects: Adenine therapeutic use, Adult, Alanine, Female, Hospitals, Urban, Humans, Kidney Function Tests, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Adenine analogs & derivatives, Anti-HIV Agents therapeutic use, Drug Substitution, Glomerular Filtration Rate, HIV Infections drug therapy, Tenofovir therapeutic use
Abstract: Background: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is widely used in the management of HIV-infection, but has been associated with renal impairment in a small proportion of patients. Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), a novel prodrug of tenofovir, causes less renal impairment and can improve renal function in patients switched from TDF. The factors which predict improved renal function in patients switching from TDF to TAF have yet to be described., Aim: To determine which patient factors are associated with an improvement in renal function following the switch from a TDF- to a TAF-based HIV antiretroviral regimen., Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of a cohort from a publicly funded sexual health clinic in Sydney, Australia. All HIV-positive clinic patients switched from a TDF- to TAF-containing regimen between January 2016 and August 2018 were eligible for inclusion. Laboratory results were obtained from patients' electronic medical records. The statistical significance of differences between pre- and post-switch means was determined by paired t-tests, adjusted for baseline values, and associations between continuous variables by univariate linear regression., Results: 79 patients met inclusion criteria. The majority were male (89%), with a median age of 44 years (IQR: 34.5 to 53). Patients had a mean pre-switch estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 95 ± 2 mL/min/1.73 m 2 , and there was no significant change post-switch (p = 0.062). Pre-switch eGFR was a significant predictor of the magnitude of eGFR change after the switch (p < 0.001), but there was no significant association with age (p = 0.189), cumulative TDF exposure (p = 0.454) or baseline urinary protein to creatinine ratio (p = 0.814)., Conclusion: While there was no significant difference in mean eGFR, in patients switched from TDF to TAF, baseline eGFR was a significant predictor of the change in eGFR. This suggests that patients on TDF with poorer baseline renal function would benefit more from switching to TAF. Further study to explore this association is warranted.
Published: 2019
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26. Renal function and risk factors for renal disease for patients receiving HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis at an inner metropolitan health service.

Author: Drak D, Barratt H, Templeton DJ, O'Connor CC, and Gracey DM
Subjects: Adult, Age Factors, Anti-HIV Agents administration & dosage, Australia epidemiology, Emtricitabine, Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Drug Combination administration & dosage, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Glomerular Filtration Rate drug effects, HIV Infections prevention & control, Humans, Incidence, Kidney drug effects, Male, Middle Aged, Renal Insufficiency chemically induced, Renal Insufficiency physiopathology, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Anti-HIV Agents adverse effects, Emtricitabine, Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Drug Combination adverse effects, Kidney physiopathology, Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis methods, Renal Insufficiency epidemiology
Abstract: Background: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) significantly reduces the risk of HIV acquisition. TDF is a known nephrotoxin however, renal dysfunction from TDF is mostly reversible following discontinuation., Aims: To describe the renal function, risk factors for renal disease and associated clinical testing practices in a cohort of PrEP patients., Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of all PrEP patients commenced on TDF/FTC at an inner metropolitan sexual health clinic in Sydney, Australia between April 2016 and July 2017, with follow-up data obtained at 3-monthly intervals until 18 months., Results: 525 patients met inclusion criteria. Patients were almost exclusively male and median age was 34 years (IQR: 28 to 42). At baseline, 1.5% had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <70 mL/min/1.73m2. A small significant drop in eGFR of -2.5 mL/min/1.73m2 (p<0.05) occurred between PrEP commencement and the first follow-up period, followed by a progressive decline in eGFR of -0.38 mL/min/1.73m2 per month (95%CI: -0.57 to -0.20; p<0.001). Renal impairment (eGFR <70 mL/min/1.73m2) occurred in 6.5% of patients and persisted across consecutive follow-up periods in five (1.0%) patients. Patients aged ≥40 years had a greater risk of renal impairment than younger patients (HR 3.9, 95%CI: 1.8 to 8.4; p<0.001), despite similar rates of eGFR decline (p = 0.19). PrEP was discontinued in two patients (0.4%) due to renal function concerns., Conclusion: PrEP use led to an initial drop in eGFR and a more gradual progressive decline subsequently, but significant renal impairment remained uncommon up to 18 months of follow-up., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Published: 2019
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27. Left Ventricular Fibrosis and Systolic Hypertension Persist in a Repaired Aortic Coarctation Model.

Author: Liu J, Drak D, Krishnan A, Chen SY, Canniffe C, Bao S, Denyer G, and Celermajer DS
Subjects: Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Echocardiography, Fibrosis, Heart Ventricles physiopathology, Hypertension diagnosis, Hypertension physiopathology, Male, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Ventricular Dysfunction, Left diagnosis, Ventricular Dysfunction, Left physiopathology, Ventricular Function, Left physiology, Aortic Coarctation surgery, Blood Pressure physiology, Cardiac Surgical Procedures adverse effects, Heart Ventricles diagnostic imaging, Hypertension etiology, Ventricular Dysfunction, Left etiology
Abstract: Background: Despite successful repair in early life, patients with coarctation of the aorta (CoA) are predisposed to several cardiovascular complications in later life related to systemic hypertension or left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, or both, the pathogenesis of which is unclear., Methods: Three-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats underwent transverse aortic constriction (TAC) or a sham operation, with release of the constriction 3 weeks later. Twenty-five weeks after the repair operation, animals underwent hemodynamic assessment, LV gene profiling, and histologic analysis., Results: Animals with repaired aortic constriction exhibited a significantly elevated central systolic pressure (116 ± 5 mm Hg vs 103 ± 4 mm Hg; p < 0.05) despite the absence of any significant pressure gradient across the former constriction site compared with shams (5 ± 4 mm Hg vs 0 ± 2 mm Hg; p = 0.2). They also had more than a 2-fold increase in LV collagen deposition (4.86% ± 0.24% vs 2.40% ± 0.18%; p < 0.001). However, no significant differences were noted between the groups in maximum LV pressure (116 ± 3 mm Hg vs 107 ± 3 mm Hg; p = 0.1), LV mass indexed to tibial length (p = 0.07), or myocyte size. There was no significant differential expression of hypertrophy or fibrosis-related genes in the left ventricles of the repaired animals compared with shams., Conclusions: Despite successful early relief of simulated CoA in early life, relative hypertension and LV fibrosis were demonstrable late consequences in this animal model. This abnormal fibrosis persists in the absence of altered LV hemodynamics and gene expression., (Copyright © 2017 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2017
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28. Screening and management of risk factors for cardiovascular disease in HIV-positive patients attending an Australian urban sexual health clinic.

Author: Kakar S, Drak D, Amin T, Cheung J, O'Connor C, and Gracey D
Subjects: Adolescent, Adult, Ambulatory Care Facilities, Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, New South Wales epidemiology, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Urban Population, Cardiovascular Diseases etiology, Cardiovascular Diseases prevention & control, HIV Seropositivity, Mass Screening
Abstract: Background Few data exist regarding cardiovascular risk among HIV-infected patients attending sexual health clinics (SHC) in Australia., Methods: The medical records of 188 patients attending an inner-city SHC between August 2013 and July 2014 were retrospectively reviewed for cardiovascular risk factors and associated screening and management practices., Results: Cardiovascular risk factors were common among attendees of the SHC, including smoking (38%), hypertension (14%) and dyslipidaemia (11%). Of the 188 patients, 23% reported using potentially cardiotoxic recreational drugs, 25% of dyslipidaemic patients were not on therapy and 10% of patients were hypertensive; none were prescribed treatment. A smoking cessation program was offered to all patients., Conclusion: A high prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease was demonstrated. Modification of risk factors could be improved.
Published: 2017
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29. Screening and management practices for renal disease in the HIV-positive patient population of an inner metropolitan sexual health service.

Author: Kakar S, Drak D, Amin T, Cheung J, O'Connor CC, and Gracey DM
Subjects: AIDS-Associated Nephropathy epidemiology, AIDS-Associated Nephropathy therapy, Adult, Female, HIV Infections epidemiology, HIV Infections therapy, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, New South Wales epidemiology, Predictive Value of Tests, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Young Adult, AIDS-Associated Nephropathy diagnosis, Delivery of Health Care trends, HIV Infections diagnosis, Mass Screening trends, Nephrology trends, Practice Patterns, Physicians' trends, Reproductive Health Services trends, Urban Health Services trends
Abstract: Renal disease is an important and commonly encountered co-morbidity in HIV infection. Despite this, few data are available concerning renal disease in this patient group. A retrospective review was conducted of all HIV-positive patients of an inner metropolitan sexual health service who attended from 1 August 2013 to 31 July 2014 for HIV management. One hundred eighty-eight HIV-positive patients attended the clinic during the study period. The majority were male (96%), Caucasian (70%) and 30-39 years of age (37%). There was a high prevalence of renal risk factors in the population, including potentially nephrotoxic antiretroviral therapy (61%), smoking (38%), hypertension (12%), dyslipidemia (11%) and hepatitis C co-infection (7%). In the previous year, measurements of estimated glomerular filtration rate were performed in all patients, but measurements of lipid profiles, urinary protein and serum phosphate were performed within the last year in only 48%, 33% and 30% of patients, respectively. These are the first comprehensive data regarding renal disease, associated risk factors and screening and management practices in the HIV-positive patient population of a specialized sexual health service in Australia. This patient population demonstrates a particularly high prevalence of risk factors for renal disease. Despite this, screening investigations were not performed as recommended. This represents a potential area to improve patient care., (© 2017 Asian Pacific Society of Nephrology.)
Published: 2017
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30. A model of early transient pressure overload simulating repair of aortic coarctation in childhood.

Author: Krishnan A, Drak D, Bao S, Celermajer DS, and Liu J
Subjects: Animals, Aorta, Thoracic diagnostic imaging, Aortic Coarctation diagnosis, Disease Models, Animal, Echocardiography, Male, Rats, Rats, Inbred SHR, Time Factors, Aorta, Thoracic physiopathology, Aortic Coarctation physiopathology, Blood Pressure physiology
Published: 2016
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31. [Chlamydia-induced pneumonia in children].

Author: Drak D, Karnas W, Nienartowicz B, Korobczak I, and Choroszy-Król I
Subjects: Child, Preschool, Chlamydia Infections drug therapy, Erythromycin therapeutic use, Female, Humans, Infant, Pneumonia drug therapy, Chlamydia Infections diagnosis, Chlamydia trachomatis isolation & purification, Pneumonia diagnosis
Abstract: Three cases of pneumonia caused by Chlamydia were observed. The disease ran a protracted course and was refractory to treatment. Erythromycin was given initially intravenously and then orally, with improvement of the general condition of children and regression of inflammatory changes in the lungs. Such cases are worth of reporting in view of only isolated reports on respiratory infections caused by these organisms.
Published: 1990

32. [Pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children].

Author: Drak D, Korobczak I, Basiewicz B, Karnas W, and Nienartowicz B
Subjects: Child, Preschool, Humans, Infant, Pneumonia, Mycoplasma diagnosis, Pneumonia, Mycoplasma etiology
Published: 1987

33. [Contribution to the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis in children].

Author: Drak D, Korobczak I, Morawska A, and Basiewicz B
Subjects: Arthritis, Juvenile urine, Child, Child, Preschool, Diagnosis, Differential, Exanthema etiology, Female, Fever diagnosis, Humans, Hydroxyproline urine, Infant, Male, Arthritis, Juvenile diagnosis
Published: 1988

34. [Pneumonia in children caused by Chlamydia trachomatis].

Author: Drak D, Lachowicz Z, Nienartowicz B, Sidor D, Karnas W, and Korobczak I
Subjects: Child, Preschool, Chlamydia Infections drug therapy, Chlamydia trachomatis, Female, Humans, Infant, Pneumonia drug therapy, Chlamydia Infections diagnosis, Pneumonia diagnosis
Published: 1988

35. [Franceschetti-Zwahlen-Klein syndrome with dextrocardia in a 2-month-old infant].

Author: Drak D, Kazimierczak-Gierlak L, Jakuszko J, Czarnecka E, and Knott-Spaczyńska J
Subjects: Female, Humans, Infant, Radiography, Abnormalities, Multiple diagnosis, Dextrocardia diagnostic imaging, Heart Defects, Congenital diagnostic imaging, Mandibulofacial Dysostosis diagnosis
Published: 1987

36. [Influence on the newborn and the infant of antibodies contained in colostrum and milk].

Author: HIRSZFELD H, DRAK D, and PODOLAK O
Subjects: Animals, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn physiology, Pregnancy, Antibodies, Breast, Colostrum, Milk, Milk, Human
Published: 1960

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