99 results on '"Draganidis D"'
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2. Short-term high-intensity interval exercise training attenuates oxidative stress responses and improves antioxidant status in healthy humans
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Bogdanis, G.C., Stavrinou, P., Fatouros, I.G., Philippou, A., Chatzinikolaou, A., Draganidis, D., Ermidis, G., and Maridaki, M.
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- 2013
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3. The Motor-Proficiency-Test for Children between 4 and 6 Years of Age (MOT 4-6): An Investigation of Its Suitability in Greece
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Kambas, A., Venetsanou, F., Giannakidou, D., Fatouros, I. G., Avloniti, A., Chatzinikolaou, A., Draganidis, D., and Zimmer, R.
- Abstract
Given the negative influence of motor difficulties on people's quality of life their early identification seems to be crucial and consequently the information provided by a sound assessment tool is of great importance. The aim of this study was to examine the suitability of the MOT 4-6 (Zimmer & Volkamer, 1987) for use with preschoolers in Greece. Seven hundred and seventy-eight Greek children aged 48-71 months participated in the study. The two-way ANOVA used on total MOT performance revealed significant differences among the age groups formed in preschool age within Greeks, while boys' and girls' scores were quite similar. From the comparisons of Greeks' scores with the German standardization sample's ones, statistically significant differences were found in two age groups. However according to the Cohen's d effect size they were not of great importance. The distribution of Greeks' scores according to the test cut-offs, revealed that the MOT can differentiate all levels of performance, although a slight deviation from the distribution of Germans' scores was noticed. Finally, both the test-retest reliability and internal consistency of the test were found to be excellent. The MOT 4-6 seems to be a valuable motor assessment tool for Greek preschoolers. Regarding its norms, despite the minor differences that were noticed between the motor development of Greek and German preschoolers, their adjustment was thought to be unnecessary. Instead of lowering the norms, efforts for preventing the motor performance decline should be enhanced. (Contains 2 figures and 1 table.)
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- 2012
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4. The Motor-Proficiency-Test for children between 4 and 6 years of age (MOT 4–6): An investigation of its suitability in Greece
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Kambas, A., Venetsanou, F., Giannakidou, D., Fatouros, I.G., Avloniti, A., Chatzinikolaou, A., Draganidis, D., and Zimmer, R.
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- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation Interferes with Anabolic and Catabolic Characteristics of the Aged Human Skeletal Muscle
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Draganidis, D. Jamurtas, A.Z. Chondrogianni, N. Mastorakos, G. Jung, T. Grune, T. Papadopoulos, C. Papanikolaou, K. Papassotiriou, I. Papaevgeniou, N. Poulios, A. Batrakoulis, A. Deli, C.K. Georgakouli, K. Chatzinikolaou, A. Karagounis, L.G. Fatouros, I.G.
- Abstract
Aging is associated with the development of chronic low-grade systemic inflammation (LGSI) characterized by increased circulating levels of proinflammatory cytokines and acute phase proteins such as C-reactive protein (CRP). Collective evidence suggests that elevated levels of inflammatory mediators such as CRP, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) are correlated with deteriorated skeletal muscle mass and function, though the molecular footprint of this observation in the aged human skeletal muscle remains obscure. Based on animal models showing impaired protein synthesis and enhanced degradation in response to LGSI, we compared here the response of proteolysis- A nd protein synthesis-related signaling proteins as well as the satellite cell and amino acid transporter protein content between healthy older adults with increased versus physiological blood hs-CRP levels in the fasted (basal) state and after an anabolic stimulus comprised of acute resistance exercise (RE) and protein feeding. Our main findings indicate that older adults with increased hs-CRP levels demonstrate (i) increased proteasome activity, accompanied by increased protein carbonylation and IKKα/β phosphorylation; (ii) reduced Pax7+ satellite cells; (iii) increased insulin resistance, at the basal state; and (iv) impaired S6 ribosomal protein phosphorylation accompanied by hyperinsulinemia following an acute RE bout combined with protein ingestion. Collectively, these data provide support to the concept that age-related chronic LGSI may upregulate proteasome activity via induction of the NF-κB signaling and protein oxidation and impair the insulin-dependent anabolic potential of human skeletal muscle. © 2021 Dimitrios Draganidis et al.
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- 2021
6. HPA axis responses to acute exercise differ in smokers and non-smokers
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Georgakouli, K. Manthou, E. Georgoulias, P. Ziaka, A. Deli, C.K. Draganidis, D. Batrakoulis, A. Papanikolaou, K. Tsimeas, P. Mastorakos, G. Fatouros, I.G. Koutedakis, Y. Theodorakis, Y. Jamurtas, A.Z.
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behavior and behavior mechanisms ,respiratory tract diseases - Abstract
Physical exercise has been proposed as an adjunct in addiction treatment, including tobacco cigarette smoking. The physiological and biochemical mechanisms that could be affected by physical exercise in smokers and that could help quit smoking have not been investigated yet. Objective: To investigate whether the effects of acute exercise on smoking behavior and HPA axis activation in smokers are intensity-dependent. Methods: Healthy, non-systematically exercising individuals [25 smokers (age: 33±1.4 years) and 10 non-smokers (age: 34±2.1 years)] underwent three trials [moderate intensity (MI), high intensity (HI) exercise, control (C)] in a counterbalanced order, after an overnight fast and smoking abstinence, separated by at least six days. MI involved cycling at 50–60% of Heart Rate Reserve (HRR) for 30 min, HI involved cycling at 65–75% HRR for 30 min, while in C participants rested for 30 min. Time till the first cigarette following each trial was recorded. Smoking urge was evaluated and blood samples, [analyzed for β-endorphin (β-E), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol and catecholamines], were obtained prior to and immediately after each trial. Results: β-E, ACTH, catecholamines and cortisol responses to exercise were intensity-dependent and differed in smokers and non-smokers. Resting β-E levels were 2–2.5 times lower in smokers compared to non-smokers. HI resulted in increased β-E levels in both groups, with smokers exhibiting similar levels to that observed in non-smokers. Although smoking urge did not change post-exercise in smokers, time till first cigarette increased following both MI (64.6%) and HI (77.9%) compared to C. Conclusions: HPA axis activation in response to exercise may differ between smokers and non-smokers. Smokers have lower resting levels of β-E compared to non-smokers and, since HI exercise increases β-E to similar levels to those of non-smokers and delays smoking, this may be used as an adjunct in smoking cessation. © 2020 Elsevier Inc.
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- 2021
7. The effect of basic training of Hellenic navy school on navy cadets body composition
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Vantarakis, A., Vezos, N., Avloniti, A., Karakatsanis, K., Stampoulis, T., Draganidis, D., Mavropalias, G., Vantarakis, A., Vezos, N., Avloniti, A., Karakatsanis, K., Stampoulis, T., Draganidis, D., and Mavropalias, G.
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- 2019
8. Disparate habitual physical activity and dietary intake profiles of elderly men with low and elevated systemic inflammation
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Draganidis, D. Jamurtas, A.Z. Stampoulis, T. Laschou, V.C. Deli, C.K. Georgakouli, K. Papanikolaou, K. Chatzinikolaou, A. Michalopoulou, M. Papadopoulos, C. Tsimeas, P. Chondrogianni, N. Koutedakis, Y. Karagounis, L.G. Fatouros, I.G.
- Abstract
The development of chronic, low-grade systemic inflammation in the elderly (inflammaging) has been associated with increased incidence of chronic diseases, geriatric syndromes, and functional impairments. The aim of this study was to examine differences in habitual physical activity (PA), dietary intake patterns, and musculoskeletal performance among community-dwelling elderly men with low and elevated systemic inflammation. Nonsarcopenic older men free of chronic diseases were grouped as ‘low’ (LSI: n = 17; 68.2 ± 2.6 years; hs-CRP: 1 mg/L) systemic inflammation according to their serum levels of high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP). All participants were assessed for body composition via Dual Emission X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA), physical performance using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and handgrip strength, daily PA using accelerometry, and daily macro- and micronutrient intake. ESI was characterized by a 2-fold greater hs-CRP value than LSI (p < 0.01). The two groups were comparable in terms of body composition, but LSI displayed higher physical performance (p < 0.05), daily PA (step count/day and time at moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) were greater by 30% and 42%, respectively, p < 0.05), and daily intake of the antioxidant vitamins A (6590.7 vs. 4701.8 IU/day, p < 0.05), C (120.0 vs. 77.3 mg/day, p < 0.05), and E (10.0 vs. 7.5 mg/day, p < 0.05) compared to ESI. Moreover, daily intake of vitamin A was inversely correlated with levels of hs-CRP (r = −0.39, p = 0.035). These results provide evidence that elderly men characterized by low levels of systemic inflammation are more physically active, spend more time in MVPA, and receive higher amounts of antioxidant vitamins compared to those with increased systemic inflammation. © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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- 2018
9. Physical activity may be a potent regulator of bone turnover biomarkers in healthy girls during preadolescence
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Kambas, A. Leontsini, D. Avloniti, A. Chatzinikolaou, A. Stampoulis, T. Makris, K. Draganidis, D. Jamurtas, A.Z. Tournis, S. Fatouros, I.G.
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musculoskeletal diseases - Abstract
This study investigated the effects of different levels of habitual physical activity (PA) assessed by pedometry on bone turnover markers of preadolescent girls according to a cross-sectional experimental design. Sixty prepubertal girls of similar chronological age, bone age, maturity level, and nutritional status were assigned to a low PA (LPA; n = 25), a moderate PA (MPA; n = 17), or a high PA (HPA; n = 18) group. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure areal bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) of the lumbar spine (L2–L4) and dominant hip (femoral neck and trochanter). Blood was collected for the measurement of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone-specific ALP (BSAP), procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP), C-terminal telopeptide of collagen I (CTX), parathyroid hormone (PTH), osteocalcin, thyroid-stimulating hormone, estradiol, testosterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone concentrations. ANOVA revealed that the HPA group (18,695 ± 1244 steps per day) had a lower daily energy intake and body mass than the MPA group (10,774 ± 521 steps per day) and the LPA group (7633 ± 1099 steps per day). The HPA group had higher (P
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- 2017
10. Exercise-induced oxidative stress responses in the pediatric population
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Avloniti, A. Chatzinikolaou, A. Deli, C.K. Vlachopoulos, D. Marco, L.G. Leontsini, D. Draganidis, D. Jamurtas, A.Z. Mastorakos, G. Fatouros, I.G.
- Abstract
Adults demonstrate an upregulation of their pro- and anti-oxidant mechanisms in response to acute exercise while systematic exercise training enhances their antioxidant capacity, thereby leading to a reduced generation of free radicals both at rest and in response to exercise stress. However, less information exists regarding oxidative stress responses and the underlying mechanisms in the pediatric population. Evidence suggests that exercise-induced redox perturbations may be valuable in order to monitor exercise-induced inflammatory responses and as such training overload in children and adolescents as well as monitor optimal growth and development. The purpose of this review was to provide an update on oxidative stress responses to acute and chronic exercise in youth. It has been documented that acute exercise induces age-specific transient alterations in both oxidant and antioxidant markers in children and adolescents. However, these responses seem to be affected by factors such as training phase, training load, fitness level, mode of exercise etc. In relation to chronic adaptation, the role of training on oxidative stress adaptation has not been adequately investigated. The two studies performed so far indicate that children and adolescents exhibit positive adaptations of their antioxidant system, as adults do. More studies are needed in order to shed light on oxidative stress and antioxidant responses, following acute exercise and training adaptations in youth. Available evidence suggests that small amounts of oxidative stress may be necessary for growth whereas the transition to adolescence from childhood may promote maturation of pro- and anti-oxidant mechanisms. Available evidence also suggests that obesity may negatively affect basal and exercise-related antioxidant responses in the peripubertal period during pre- and early-puberty. © 2017 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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- 2017
11. Evidence of a Redox-Dependent Regulation of Immune Responses to Exercise-Induced Inflammation
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Sakelliou, A. Fatouros, I.G. Athanailidis, I. Tsoukas, D. Chatzinikolaou, A. Draganidis, D. Jamurtas, A.Z. Liacos, C. Papassotiriou, I. Mandalidis, D. Stamatelopoulos, K. Dimopoulos, M.A. Mitrakou, A.
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We used thiol-based antioxidant supplementation (n-acetylcysteine, NAC) to determine whether immune mobilisation following skeletal muscle microtrauma induced by exercise is redox-sensitive in healthy humans. According to a two-trial, double-blind, crossover, repeated measures design, 10 young men received either placebo or NAC (20mg/kg/day) immediately after a muscledamaging exercise protocol (300 eccentric contractions) and for eight consecutive days. Blood sampling and performance assessments were performed before exercise, after exercise, and daily throughout recovery. NAC reduced the decline of reduced glutathione in erythrocytes and the increase of plasma protein carbonyls, serum TAC and erythrocyte oxidized glutathione, and TBARS and catalase activity during recovery thereby altering postexercise redox status. The rise of muscle damage and inflammatory markers (muscle strength, creatine kinase activity, CRP, proinflammatory cytokines, and adhesion molecules) was less pronounced in NAC during the first phase of recovery. The rise of leukocyte and neutrophil count was decreased by NAC after exercise. Results on immune cell subpopulations obtained by flow cytometry indicated that NAC ingestion reduced the exerciseinduced rise of total macrophages, HLA+ macrophages, and 11B+ macrophages and abolished the exercise-induced upregulation of B lymphocytes. Natural killer cells declined only in PLA immediately after exercise. These results indicate that thiol-based antioxidant supplementation blunts immune cell mobilisation in response to exercise-induced inflammation suggesting that leukocyte mobilization may be under redox-dependent regulation. Copyright © 2016 Alexandra Sakelliou et al.
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- 2016
12. Regulation of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor and Its Receptor in Skeletal Muscle Is Dependent Upon the Type of Inflammatory Stimulus
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Wright, C.R. Brown, E.L. Della Gatta, P.A. Fatouros, I.G. Karagounis, L.G. Terzis, G. Mastorakos, G. Michailidis, Y. Mandalidis, D. Spengos, K. Chatzinikolaou, A. Methenitis, S. Draganidis, D. Jamurtas, A.Z. Russell, A.P.
- Abstract
The cytokine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) binds to its receptor (G-CSFR) to stimulate hematopoietic stem cell mobilization, myelopoiesis, and the production and activation of neutrophils. In response to exercise-induced muscle damage, G-CSF is increased in circulation and G-CSFR has recently been identified in skeletal muscle cells. While G-CSF/G-CSFR activation mediates pro- and anti-inflammatory responses, our understanding of the role and regulation in the muscle is limited. The aim of this study was to investigate, in vitro and in vivo, the role and regulation of G-CSF and G-CSFR in skeletal muscle under conditions of muscle inflammation and damage. First, C2C12 myotubes were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with and without G-CSF to determine if G-CSF modulates the inflammatory response. Second, the regulation of G-CSF and its receptor was measured following eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage and the expression levels we investigated for redox sensitivity by administering the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC). LPS stimulation of C2C12 myotubes resulted in increases in G-CSF, interleukin (IL)-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) messenger RNA (mRNA) and an increase in G-CSF, IL-6, and MCP-1 release from C2C12 myotubes. The addition of G-CSF following LPS stimulation of C2C12 myotubes increased IL-6 mRNA and cytokine release into the media, however it did not affect MCP-1 or TNFα. Following eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage in humans, G-CSF levels were either marginally increased in circulation or remain unaltered in skeletal muscle. Similarly, G-CSFR levels remained unchanged in response to damaging exercise and G-CSF/G-CSFR did not change in response to NAC. Collectively, these findings suggest that G-CSF may cooperate with IL-6 and potentially promote muscle regeneration in vitro, whereas in vivo aseptic inflammation induced by exercise did not change G-CSF and G-CSFR responses. These observations suggest that different models of inflammation produce a different G-CSF response. Copyright 2015, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
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- 2015
13. Pedometer determined physical activity and obesity prevalence of Greek children aged 4-6 years
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Kambas, A. Venetsanou, F. Avloniti, A. Giannakidou, D.M. Gourgoulis, V. Draganidis, D. Chatzinikolaou, A. Fatouros, I. Michalopoulou, M.
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education - Abstract
Background: Pre-school age is important for developing healthy attitudes towards physical activity (PA). However, research on pre-schoolers' pedometer-determined PA is limited. Aim: To describe pre-schoolers' ambulatory activity; investigate step count differences in respect to Body Mass Index (BMI) categories and examine the prevalence of obesity. Subjects and methods: Pre-school aged children (n=250; 5.5±0.4 years) from Komotini (Greece) wore Omron HJ-720IT-E2 pedometers for 10 consecutive days. Height and weight were measured and BMI was calculated. Results: Three-way repeated measures ANOVAs revealed that children performed more steps on weekdays than during weekends (p
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- 2015
14. The acute effects of static stretching on speed and agility performance depend on stretch duration and conditioning level
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Avloniti, A., Chatzinikolaou, A., Fatouros, I.G., Avloniti, C., Protopapa, M., Draganidis, D., Stampoulis, T., Leontsini, D., Mavropalias, G., Gounelas, G., Kambas, A., Avloniti, A., Chatzinikolaou, A., Fatouros, I.G., Avloniti, C., Protopapa, M., Draganidis, D., Stampoulis, T., Leontsini, D., Mavropalias, G., Gounelas, G., and Kambas, A.
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Avloniti, A, Chatzinikolaou, A, Fatouros, IG, Avloniti, C, Protopapa, M, Draganidis, D, Stampoulis, T, Leontsini, D, Mavropalias, G, Gounelas, G, and Kambas, A. The acute effects of static stretching on speed and agility performance depend on stretch duration and conditioning level. J Strength Cond Res 30(10): 2767–2773, 2016—Although static stretching (SS) is an integral part of physical preparation before training and competition, its usefulness in regards to power performance improvement has been questioned. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 6 SS durations on speed and agility performance. According to a cross-over design, 34 trained men (age, 20.5 ± 1.4 years; height, 1.81 ± 0.2 m; weight, 77.2 ± 2.6 kg; body fat, 8.2 ± 2.6%) participated in a control session (no stretch) and 6 experimental conditions (10, 15, 20, 30, 40, and 60 seconds) performed in a randomized order. Performance in speed (10 and 20 m) and agility (T-test) was measured after the control and experimental conditions. Static stretching, consisting of stretches for hip extensors, hip adductors, knee extensors, knee flexors, and ankle sole flexors, was performed after light cardiovascular exercise (8 minutes). A 1-way repeated-measures analysis of variance showed that speed was improved only by SS of short duration (15/20 seconds), whereas agility remained unaffected by all SS trials. When participants' speed and agility level was taken into account, it was revealed that only those of moderate performance demonstrated an improved speed (in 15- and 20-second trials) and agility (in 10- and 15-second trials) performance. These results suggest that short-duration SS protocols induce an acute improvement of speed and agility performance, whereas longer-duration SS protocols have neither positive nor negative effect. Furthermore, it seems that individuals of lower speed and agility performance level are more likely to benefit by a short-duration SS protocol.
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- 2016
15. The microcycle of inflammation and performance changes after a basketball match
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Chatzinikolaou, A. Draganidis, D. Avloniti, A. Karipidis, A. Jamurtas, A.Z. Skevaki, C.L. Tsoukas, D. Sovatzidis, A. Theodorou, A. Kambas, A. Papassotiriou, I. Taxildaris, K. Fatouros, I.
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Basketball incorporates intense eccentric muscle activity that induces muscle microtrauma and an inflammatory response. This study investigated time-dependent inflammatory and performance responses during a weekly microcycle after a basketball match. Twenty elite-standard players underwent a trial that comprised a match followed by a 6-day simulated in-season microcycle. The trial was preceded by a control condition that did not have a match. Blood sampling and tests of maximal-intensity exercise performance and muscle damage occurred before each condition, immediately after the match and daily thereafter for 6 consecutive days. The match induced marked increases in heart rate, lactate, ammonia, glucose, non-esterified fatty acids and triglycerides. Performance deteriorated for 24-48 h after the match, whereas knee flexor and extensor soreness increased for 48 and 24 h post-match, respectively. Inflammatory (leukocytes, C-reactive protein, creatine kinase activity, adhesion molecules, cortisol, uric acid and cytokines) and oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, protein carbonyls, oxidised glutathione, antioxidant capacity, catalase and glutathione peroxidase) markers increased for ~24 h and subsided thereafter. Reduced glutathione declined for 24 h after exercise. These results suggest that a basketball match elicits moderate and relatively brief (~24-48 h) inflammatory responses, is associated with marked but short-lived performance deterioration, but is less stressful than other intermittent-type sports. © 2014 © 2014 Taylor & Francis.
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- 2014
16. The effect of protein supplementation on muscle strength during recovery period after an exercise induced muscle damage
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Protopapa, M., Pappa, D., Pontidis, T., Draganidis, D., Mavropalias, G., Chatzinikolaou, A., Avloniti, A., Jamurtas, A., Fatouros, I.G., Protopapa, M., Pappa, D., Pontidis, T., Draganidis, D., Mavropalias, G., Chatzinikolaou, A., Avloniti, A., Jamurtas, A., and Fatouros, I.G.
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- 2015
17. Comparison of three protocols for measuring exercise induced muscle soreness
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Mavropalias, G., Fatouros, I.G., Chatzinikolaou, A., Draganidis, D., Jamurtas, A.Z., Michailidis, Y., Douroudos-Ntourountos, I., Leontsini, D., Avloniti, A., Mavropalias, G., Fatouros, I.G., Chatzinikolaou, A., Draganidis, D., Jamurtas, A.Z., Michailidis, Y., Douroudos-Ntourountos, I., Leontsini, D., and Avloniti, A.
- Abstract
Introduction Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) has been defined as a form of muscular hyperalgesia and manifests as pain and stiffness in the muscles several hours after strenuous or unaccustomed exercise (Clarkson et al., 1992). Multiple methods exist to assess the perceived soreness, however there are some limitations such as the standardization of the force applied during palpation and the difference of soreness perceived along the length of the muscle (Newham et al., 1983). The aim of this study was to compare different DOMS assessment protocols in their sensitivity to DOMS and other indicators. Methods Three different protocols of evaluating DOMS were compared in response to: a) a football match, b) a basketball match, c) a handball match, d) acute eccentric exercise, e) acute plyometric exercise, f) a weight training bout, g) acute intense running. DOMS and performance (vertical jumping, speed, maximal strength) were measured at baseline, 12 hours post-exercise as well as 1, 2, 3 and 4 days of recovery. The protocols of DOMS evaluated perceived soreness in quadriceps femoris by palpation a) in the standing position (STAN), b) in the sitting (SIT) position and c) in the standing position following three repetitions of a squat movement (SQUAT). Participants in these studies were a) both males and females, b) pre-adolescents, adolescents, adults and elderly and c) trained and sedentary. Results Data analysis revealed that SQUAT produced higher values than the other two DOMS protocols at 24 (for all exercise modes) and 48 hours (for eccentric exercise and plyometric training) of recovery. This difference was more pronounced in sedentary (vs. trained) and older participants (vs. younger adults and pre-adolescents/adolescents). No differences were noted between males and females. A significantly (p<0.05) higher correlation was observed between changes in SQUAT and performance at 24h and 48h than between changes in STAN and SIT. SQUAT produced higher DOMS values f
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- 2015
18. Iron status markers are only transiently affected by a football game
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Jamurtas, A.Z., Douroudos, I.I., Deli, C.K., Draganidis, D., Chatzinikolaou, A., Mohr, M., Avloniti, A., Barbero-Álvarez, J.C., Margonis, K., Mavropalias, G., Stampoulis, T., Giannakidou, D., Flouris, A.D., Koutedakis, Y., Fatouros, I.G., Jamurtas, A.Z., Douroudos, I.I., Deli, C.K., Draganidis, D., Chatzinikolaou, A., Mohr, M., Avloniti, A., Barbero-Álvarez, J.C., Margonis, K., Mavropalias, G., Stampoulis, T., Giannakidou, D., Flouris, A.D., Koutedakis, Y., and Fatouros, I.G.
- Abstract
We examined the temporal variation of iron’s status markers during a 60 h period following a football game. Thirty-four male football players were randomly assigned to a control group (CG, N = 14, participated only in measurements and training) or an experimental group (EG, N = 20, took part in a football game one week after the completion of the competitive season). All participants trained regularly for two consecutive days after the game. Training and game load was monitored with high time-resolution global positioning system (GPS) devices. Blood samples were collected and muscle damage markers and repeated sprint ability (RSA) were assessed pre-game and at 2 h, 12 h 36 h and 60 h post-game. No changes were noted in CG. Iron concentration decreased (P < 0.05) 2 h post-game and normalised thereafter whereas total iron binding capacity increased (P < 0.05) 12–60 h of recovery (P < 0.05). Erythrocytes, haemoglobin (HGB) concentration, plasma volume, haematocrit, mean cell volume, mean cell HGB, mean cell HGB concentration, red cell width-SD, red cell width-CV, ferritin concentration and transferrin saturation remained unaltered during the intervention period. Creatine kinase activity and muscle soreness increased (P < 0.05) throughout recovery in EG. RSA declined (P < 0.05) until 36 h of recovery and normalised thereafter. Our data demonstrate that iron status markers are only transiently affected by a football game.
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- 2015
19. Short-term high-intensity interval exercise training attenuates oxidative stress responses and improves antioxidant status in healthy humans
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Bogdanis, G.C. Stavrinou, P. Fatouros, I.G. Philippou, A. Chatzinikolaou, A. Draganidis, D. Ermidis, G. Maridaki, M.
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This study investigated the changes in oxidative stress biomarkers and antioxidant status indices caused by a 3-week high-intensity interval training (HIT) regimen. Eight physically active males performed three HIT sessions/week over 3. weeks. Each session included four to six 30-s bouts of high-intensity cycling separated by 4. min of recovery. Before training, acute exercise elevated protein carbonyls (PC), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and creatine kinase (CK), which peaked 24. h post-exercise (252 ± 30%, 135 ± 17%, 10 ± 2%, 85 ± 14% and 36 ± 13%, above baseline, respectively; p
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- 2013
20. Physical activity is associated with bone geometry of premenarcheal girls in a dose-dependent manner
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Michalopoulou, M. Kambas, A. Leontsini, D. Chatzinikolaou, A. Draganidis, D. Avloniti, A. Tsoukas, D. Michopoulou, E. Lyritis, G.P. Papaioannou, N. Tournis, S. Fatouros, I.G.
- Abstract
Objective To determine the relationship between habitual physical activity (PA) level and peripheral qualitative computed tomography-determined quantitative tibia characteristics of premenarcheal girls. Methods Premenarcheal girls matched for age (10-13 years), bone age and maturity level were assigned into: a) low PA group (LPA, n = 25), b) moderate PA group (MPA, n = 17), and c) high PA group (HPA, n = 18). Participants' daily dietary intake, tibia's geometry and serum levels of calcium and vitamin D were assessed. Results Premenarcheal girls demonstrating HPA exhibited greater pericortical thickness, cross-sectional area (CSA) and bone mineral content (BMC) (p
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- 2013
21. The time-frame of acute resistance exercise effects on football skill performance: The impact of exercise intensity
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Draganidis, D. Chatzinikolaou, A. Jamurtas, A.Z. Carlos Barbero, J. Tsoukas, D. Theodorou, A.S. Margonis, K. Michailidis, Y. Avloniti, A. Theodorou, A. Kambas, A. Fatouros, I.
- Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the recovery rate of football skill performance following resistance exercise of moderate or high intensity. Ten elite football players participated in three different trials: control, low-intensity resistance exercise (4 sets, 8-10 repetitions/set, 65-70% 1 repetition maximum [1RM]) and high-intensity resistance exercise (4 sets, 4-6 repetitions/set, 85-90% 1RM) in a counterbalanced manner. In each experimental condition, participants were evaluated pre, post, and at 24, 48, 72 h post exercise time points. Football skill performance was assessed through the Loughborough Soccer Passing Test, long passing, dribbling, shooting and heading. Delayed onset muscle soreness, knee joint range of motion, and muscle strength (1RM) in squat were considered as muscle damage markers. Blood samples analysed for creatine kinase activity, C-reactive protein, and leukocyte count. Passing and shooting performance declined (P < 0.05) post-exercise following resistance exercise. Strength declined post-exercise following high-intensity resistance exercise. Both trials induced only a mild muscle damage and inflammatory response in an intensity-dependent manner. These results indicate that football skill performance is minimally affected by acute resistance exercise independent of intensity suggesting that elite players may be able to participate in a football practice or match after only 24 h following a strength training session. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
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- 2013
22. Plyometrics trainability in preadolescent soccer athletes
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Michailidis, Y. Fatouros, I.G. Primpa, E. Michailidis, C. Avloniti, A. Chatzinikolaou, A. Barbero-Alvarez, J.C. Tsoukas, D. Douroudos, I.I. Draganidis, D. Leontsini, D. Margonis, K. Berberidou, F. Kambas, A.
- Abstract
Michailidis, Y, Fatouros, IG, Primpa, E, Michailidis, C, Avloniti, A, Chatzinikolaou, A, Barbero-Alvarez, JC, Tsoukas, D, Douroudos, II, Draganidis, D, Leontsini, D, Margonis, K, Berberidou, F, and Kambas, A. Plyometrics' trainability in preadolescent soccer athletes. J Strength Cond Res 27(1): 38-49, 2013-Plyometric training (PT) is a widely used method to improve muscle ability to generate explosive power. This study aimed to determine whether preadolescent boys exhibit plyometric trainability or not. Forty-five children were randomly assigned to either a control (CG, N = 21, 10.6 6 0.5 years; participated only in regular soccer practice) or a plyometric training group (PTG, N = 24, 10.6 6 0.6 years; participated in regular soccer practice plus a plyometric exercise protocol). Both groups trained for 12 weeks during the in-season period. The PT exercises (forward hopping, lateral hopping, shuffles, skipping, ladder drills, skipping, box jumps, low-intensity depth jumps) were performed twice a week. Preadolescence was verified by measuring Tanner stages, bone age, and serum testosterone. Speed (0-10, 10- 20, 20-30 m), leg muscle power (static jumping, countermovement jumping, depth jumping [DJ], standing long jump [SLJ], multiple 5-bound hopping [MB5]), leg strength (10 repetition maximum), anaerobic power (Wingate testing), and soccerspecific performance (agility, kicking distance) were measured at baseline, midtraining, and posttraining. The CG caused only a modest (1.2-1.8%) increase in speed posttraining. The PTG induced a marked (p , 0.05) improvement in all speed tests (1.9-3.1% at midtraining and 3-5% at posttraining) and vertical jump tests (10-18.5% at midtraining and 16-23% at posttraining),SLJ (2.6% at midtraining and 4.2% at posttraining), MB5 (14.6% at midtraining and 23% at posttraining), leg strength (15% at midtraining and 28% at posttraining), agility (5% at midtraining and 23% at posttraining), and kicking distance (13.6% at midtraining and 22.5% at posttraining). Anaerobic power remained unaffected in both groups. These data indicate that (a) prepubertal boys exhibit considerable plyometric trainability, and (b) when soccer practice is supplemented with a PT protocol, it leads to greater performance gains. © 2013 National Strength and Conditioning Association.
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- 2013
23. The Motor-Proficiency-Test for children between 4 and 6 years of age (MOT 4-6): An investigation of its suitability in Greece
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Kambas, A. Venetsanou, F. Giannakidou, D. Fatouros, I.G. Avloniti, A. Chatzinikolaou, A. Draganidis, D. Zimmer, R.
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education ,humanities - Abstract
Given the negative influence of motor difficulties on people's quality of life their early identification seems to be crucial and consequently the information provided by a sound assessment tool is of great importance. The aim of this study was to examine the suitability of the MOT 4-6 (Zimmer & Volkamer, 1987) for use with preschoolers in Greece. Seven hundred and seventy-eight Greek children aged 48-71 months participated in the study. The two-way ANOVA used on total MOT performance revealed significant differences among the age groups formed in preschool age within Greeks, while boys' and girls' scores were quite similar. From the comparisons of Greeks' scores with the German standardization sample's ones, statistically significant differences were found in two age groups. However according to the Cohen's d effect size they were not of great importance. The distribution of Greeks' scores according to the test cut-offs, revealed that the MOT can differentiate all levels of performance, although a slight deviation from the distribution of Germans' scores was noticed. Finally, both the test-retest reliability and internal consistency of the test were found to be excellent. The MOT 4-6 seems to be a valuable motor assessment tool for Greek preschoolers. Regarding its norms, despite the minor differences that were noticed between the motor development of Greek and German preschoolers, their adjustment was thought to be unnecessary. Instead of lowering the norms, efforts for preventing the motor performance decline should be enhanced. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
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- 2012
24. The effects of aging, physical training, and a single bout of exercise on mitochondrial protein expression in human skeletal muscle
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Bori, Z. Zhao, Z. Koltai, E. Fatouros, I.G. Jamurtas, A.Z. Douroudos, I.I. Terzis, G. Chatzinikolaou, A. Sovatzidis, A. Draganidis, D. Boldogh, I. Radak, Z.
- Abstract
Aging results in a significant decline in aerobic capacity and impaired mitochondrial function. We have tested the effects of moderate physical activity on aerobic capacity and a single bout of exercise on the expression profile of mitochondrial biogenesis, and fusion and fission related genes in skeletal muscle of human subjects. Physical activity attenuated the aging-associated decline in VO2 max (p
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- 2012
25. Inflammatory responses following a wheelchair basketball match
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Tsakonitis, C., Chatzinikolaou, A., Kambas, A., Avloniti, A., Vantarakis, A., Mavropalias, G., Draganidis, D., Tsoukas, D., Jamurtas, A., Fatouros, I.G., Tsakonitis, C., Chatzinikolaou, A., Kambas, A., Avloniti, A., Vantarakis, A., Mavropalias, G., Draganidis, D., Tsoukas, D., Jamurtas, A., and Fatouros, I.G.
- Abstract
Organized sports have become an integral part of the post-clinical phase among individuals with a spinal cord injury (SCI) (Bhambhani et al., 2002) who may be at increased risk for developing cardiovascular and inflammatory risk (Myers et al., 2007). Oxidative stress is up-regulated in cardiovascular and inflammatory conditions in SCI (Laufs et al., 2005) while tram-sports appear to increase oxidative stress markers (Fatouros et al., 2010). The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a wheelchair basketball match on the responses of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers of SCI. Methods Ten SCI and ten able-bodied (AB) controls participated in a two-group, repeated measures study. VO2peak and maximal heart rate (HRmax) was initially determined during a graded exercise test to exhaustion. Thereafter, both groups participated in a basketball match according to official regulations. Heart rate was monitored throughout the game while blood lactate concentration was measured at baseline, half-time and immediately after the match. Blood samples were collected prior to the two matches, immediately post-match and at 24, 48 and 72h of recovery. Blood samples were analyzed for leukocyte count, creatine kinase (CK), C-reactive protein (CRP), uric acid, protein carbonyls, TBARS, catalase, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and blood glutathione peroxidase (GPX), reduced glutathione (GSH), and oxidized glutathione (GSSG). Results The two groups were comparable in all oxidative stress and inflammatory markers at baseline. The match induced marked increases in heart rate and lactate in both groups with AB demonstrating more pronounced responses. Inflammatory (leukocytes, CRP, CK, uric acid) increased in both groups with AB demonstrating a more pronounced response than SCI. Oxidative stress (TBARS, protein carbonyls, GSSG, TAC, catalase and GPX) markers increased for ~24 h and subsided thereafter in AB but they remained unaffected in SCI. GSH declined for 24 h after
- Published
- 2014
26. The effect of two consecutive soccer games on muscle damage and performance markers
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Stampoulis, T., Lechoudis, K., Mavropalias, G., Draganidis, D., Avloniti, A., Ermidis, G., Gounelas, G., Margonis, K., Stampoulis, T., Lechoudis, K., Mavropalias, G., Draganidis, D., Avloniti, A., Ermidis, G., Gounelas, G., and Margonis, K.
- Abstract
High‐intensity activities during a soccer game, such as sprints, accelerations, change of direction, jumps, shoot, requires high force through the Stretch – Shortening Cycle (SSC), which is associated with the exercise – induced muscle damage. Consequences of muscle damage are muscle soreness and loss of muscle power. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two consecutive soccer games on indices of exercise – induced muscle damage (EIMD) and physical performance (PP). In this study participated 10 soccer players (age: 20.7years, height: 177cm, weight: 73kg, body fat: 6.4%, VO2max 55 ml/kg/min) who joined the first week of experimental design without playing in matches. The second week included two soccer games which had 90 minutes duration and separated 72 hours. Measurements executed daily in the morning during first and second week up to 48 hours after the second soccer game. The EIMD determined through thigh circumferences, knee joint of range motion (KJRM) and delayed onset of muscle damage (DOMS). The PP determined through squat jump (SJ) and countermovement jump (CJ). Data was analyzed with ANOVA repeated measures. Results show that thigh circumferences were significantly different 48 hours after the first and second game, and DOMS was higher 24 and 48 hours after second game. PP deteriorated in both SJ and CJ which is ranged between 10‐20% with the greatest decrement 48 hours after the soccer games. In conclusion, the two soccer games caused noticeable changes in the EIMD and PP indices. Coaches should plan suitable training sessions after games taking account of enough recovery period for the players.
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- 2012
27. Validity and reliability of the single-trial line drill test of anaerobic power in basketball players
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Fatouros, I. G., Laparidis, K., Antonis Kambas, Chatzinikolaou, A., Techlikidou, E., Katrabasas, I., Douroudos, I., Leontsini, D., Berberidou, F., Draganidis, D., Christoforidis, C., Tsoukas, D., Kelis, S., and Taxildaris, K.
28. The Effects of Acute Low-Volume HIIT and Aerobic Exercise on Leukocyte Count and Redox Status
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Az, Jamurtas, Ig, Fatouros, Ck, Deli, Georgakouli K, Poulios A, Draganidis D, Konstantinos Papanikolaou, Tsimeas P, Chatzinikolaou A, Avloniti A, Tsiokanos A, and Koutedakis Y
- Subjects
Male ,Cross-Over Studies ,High-Intensity Interval Training ,Catalase ,Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ,Antioxidants ,Uric Acid ,Leukocyte Count ,Oxidative Stress ,Young Adult ,Humans ,Exercise ,Oxidation-Reduction ,Biomarkers ,Research Article - Abstract
A single bout of exercise can result in inflammatory responses, increased oxidative stress and upregulation of enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms. Although low-volume high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has become popular, its acute responses on the above mechanisms have not been adequately studied. The present study evaluated the effects of HIIT on hematological profile and redox status compared with those following traditional continuous aerobic exercise (CET). Twelve healthy young men participated in a randomized crossover design under HIIT and CET. In HIIT session, participants performed four 30-sec sprints on a cycle-ergometer with 4 min of recovery against a resistance of 0.375 kg/kg of body mass. CET consisted of 30-min cycling on a cycle-ergometer at 70% of their VO2max. Blood was drawn at baseline, immediately post, 24h, 48h and 72h post-exercise and was analyzed for complete blood count and redox status (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, [TBARS]; protein carbonyls, [PC]; total antioxidant capacity, [TAC]; catalase and uric acid). White blood cells (WBC) increased after both exercise protocols immediately post-exercise (HIIT: 50% and CET: 31%, respectively). HIIT increased (+22%) PC post-exercise compared to baseline and CET (p < 0.05). HIIT increased TAC immediately post-exercise (16%) and at 24h post-exercise (11%, p < 0.05), while CET increased TAC only post-exercise (12%, p < 0.05) compared to baseline, and TAC was higher following HIIT compared to CET (p < 0.05). Both HIIT and CET increased uric acid immediately post- (21% and 5%, respectively, p < 0.05) and 24h (27% and 5%, respectively, p < 0.05) post-exercise and the rise was greater following HIIT (p < 0.05). There were no significant changes (p > 0.05) for TBARS and catalase following either exercise protocol. Low-volume HIIT is associated with a greater acute phase leukocyte count and redox response than low-volume CET, and this should be considered when an exercise training program is developed and complete blood count is performed for health purposes.
29. Gut Microbiota in the Progression of Type 2 Diabetes and the Potential Role of Exercise: A Critical Review.
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Deli CK, Fatouros IG, Poulios A, Liakou CA, Draganidis D, Papanikolaou K, Rosvoglou A, Gatsas A, Georgakouli K, Tsimeas P, and Jamurtas AZ
- Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the predominant metabolic epidemic posing a major threat to global health. Growing evidence indicates that gut microbiota (GM) may critically influence the progression from normal glucose tolerance, to pre-diabetes, to T2D. On the other hand, regular exercise contributes to the prevention and/or treatment of the disease, and evidence suggests that a possible way regular exercise favorably affects T2D is by altering GM composition toward health-promoting bacteria. However, research regarding this potential effect of exercise-induced changes of GM on T2D and the associated mechanisms through which these effects are accomplished is limited. This review presents current data regarding the association of GM composition and T2D and the possible critical GM differentiation in the progression from normal glucose, to pre-diabetes, to T2D. Additionally, potential mechanisms through which GM may affect T2D are presented. The effect of exercise on GM composition and function on T2D progression is also discussed.
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- 2024
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30. The Energy Expenditure Associated With Body-Weight Resistance Exercises of Various Movement Patterns Performed at Different Durations.
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Poulios A, Fotiou C, Draganidis D, Avloniti A, Rosvoglou A, Batrakoulis A, Tsimeas P, Papanikolaou K, Deli CK, Stampoulis T, Douroudos II, Chatzinikolaou A, Jamurtas AZ, and Fatouros IG
- Abstract
Abstract: Poulios, A, Fotiou, C, Draganidis, D, Avloniti, A, Rosvoglou, A, Batrakoulis, A, Tsimeas, P, Papanikolaou, K, Deli, CK, Stampoulis, T, Douroudos, II, Chatzinikolaou, A, Jamurtas, AZ, and Fatouros, IG. The energy expenditure associated with body-weight resistance exercises of various movement patterns performed at different durations. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2024-Although body-weight resistance exercises (BWRE) are popular and effective for body mass reduction and neuromuscular performance, limited information exists regarding their total energy expenditure (TEE). This study determined the energy cost associated with seven BWRE of different movement patterns plank, push-ups, squat, single-leg squat [SLS], forward lunge [FL], burpees, and jumping jacks [JJ] using 2 different durations (T30: 30-second; T45: 45-second) in 10 healthy young adults using a randomized, 2-trial, crossover, repeated-measures design. The level of significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. The burpees were associated with the highest and the plank with the lowest intensity (rates of perceived exertion [RPE] and mean heart rate [MHR]) and metabolic load (blood lactate [BL] accumulation, metabolic equivalents of task [METs], and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption [EPOC]) in both trials. In T30 and T45, TEE (kcals per minute) was 11.3/12.6 in plank, 18.6/22.0 in FL, 19.8/21.2 in SLS, 19.9/23.2 in squat, 22.0/24.9 in push-ups, 23.1/22.8 in JJ, and 32.2/40.7 in burpees. Although RPE, MHR, BL, and EPOC were comparable among T30 and T45, METs and TEE were greater in T45. These results suggest that TEE of BWRE ranges from ∼11 to 40 kcals·min-1, depending on the movement pattern and the duration of exercise. This information may be valuable for those using BWRE for body-weight management and improvement of strength performance., (Copyright © 2024 National Strength and Conditioning Association.)
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- 2024
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31. Recovery during Successive 120-min Football Games: Results from the 120-min Placebo/Carbohydrate Randomized Controlled Trial.
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Ermidis G, Mohr M, Jamurtas AZ, Draganidis D, Poulios A, Papanikolaou K, Vigh-Larsen JF, Loules G, Sovatzidis A, Nakopoulou T, Tsimeas P, Douroudos II, Papadopoulos C, Papadimas G, Rosvoglou A, Liakou C, Deli CK, Georgakouli K, Chatzinikolaou A, Krustrup P, and Fatouros IG
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- Humans, Male, Double-Blind Method, Young Adult, Glycogen metabolism, Oxygen Consumption, Dietary Supplements, Heart Rate, Cross-Over Studies, Soccer physiology, Athletic Performance physiology, Muscle, Skeletal physiology, Dietary Carbohydrates administration & dosage
- Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to examine the recovery kinetics (i.e., time-dependent changes) of performance-related variables between two 120-min male football games performed 3 d apart with and without carbohydrate supplementation., Methods: Twenty male players (20 ± 1 yr; body fat, 14.9% ± 5.1%; maximal oxygen consumption, 59.4 ± 3.7 mL·kg -1 ·min -1 ) participated in two 120-min football games (G1, G2) according to a randomized, two-trial, repeated-measures, crossover, double-blind design. Participants received carbohydrate/placebo supplements during recovery between games. Field activity was monitored during the games. Performance testing and blood sampling were performed before and at 90 and 120 min of each game. Muscle biopsies were collected at baseline and at 90 and 120 min of G1 and pre-G2., Results: Compared with G1, G2 was associated with reduced total distance (10,870 vs 10,685 m during 90 min and 3327 vs 3089 m during extra 30 min; P = 0.007-0.038), average (6.7 vs 6.2 km/h during extra 30-min game-play; P = 0.007) and maximal speed (32.2 vs 30.2 km/h during 90 min and 29.0 vs 27.9 km/h during extra 30 min; P < 0.05), accelerations/decelerations ( P < 0.05), and mean heart rate ( P < 0.05). Repeated sprint ability ( P < 0.001), jumping ( P < 0.05), and strength ( P < 0.001) performance were compromised before and during G2. Muscle glycogen was not restored at G2 baseline ( P = 0.005). Extended game-play reduced lymphocyte, erythrocyte counts, hematocrit, hemoglobin, reduced glutathione ( P < 0.05) and increased delayed onset of muscle soreness, creatine kinase activity, blood glycerol, ammonia, and protein carbonyls ( P < 0.05) before and during G2. Pax7 + ( P = 0.004) and MyoD + cells ( P = 0.019) increased at baseline G2. Carbohydrate supplementation restored performance and glycogen, reduced glycerol and delayed onset of muscle soreness responses, and increased leukocyte counts and Pax7 + and MyoD + cells., Conclusions: Results suggest that extended football games induce a prolonged recovery of performance, which may be facilitated by carbohydrate supplementation during a congested game fixture., (Copyright © 2024 by the American College of Sports Medicine.)
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- 2024
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32. Characterization of the Sideritis scardica Extract SidTea+ TM and Its Effect on Physiological Profile, Metabolic Health and Redox Biomarkers in Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.
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Papanikolaou K, Kouloridas K, Rosvoglou A, Gatsas A, Georgakouli K, Deli CK, Draganidis D, Argyropoulou A, Michailidis D, Fatouros IG, and Jamurtas AZ
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- Adult, Humans, Oxidative Stress, Hand Strength, Biomarkers, Lipid Peroxidation, Metabolome, Double-Blind Method, Dietary Supplements, Antioxidants pharmacology, Sideritis chemistry
- Abstract
This study aimed to characterize a Sideritis scardica extract (SidTea+
TM ) and investigate its effect on the physiological profile, metabolic health and redox status in healthy individuals. The chemical profile and antioxidant potential of the SidTea+TM extract were evaluated by UPLC-HRMS analysis and in vitro cell-free methods. Twenty-eight healthy adults participated in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Participants consumed 1500 mg/day of SidTea+TM or a placebo for 4 weeks. At baseline and post-supplementation, participants were assessed for their anthropometric and physiological profile and provided a resting blood sample. SidTea+TM decreased ( p < 0.05) systolic blood pressure (-10.8 mmHg), mean arterial pressure (-4.5 mmHg), resting heart rate (-3.1 bpm) and handgrip strength of the non-dominant limb (-0.8 kg) whereas the placebo decreased ( p < 0.05) handgrip strength of the dominant (-5.8 kg) and non-dominant (-3.2 kg) limb. SidTea+TM also resulted in an increase ( p < 0.05) in estimated VO2 max (+1.1 mL/kg/min) and a reduction ( p < 0.05) in γ-GT and SGPT enzymatic activity in serum (-3.7 and -3.3 U/L, respectively). Finally, SidTea+TM increased ( p < 0.001) total antioxidant capacity and decreased ( p < 0.05) lipid peroxidation levels in plasma. These results indicate that SidTea+TM is a potent and safe to use antioxidant that can elicit positive changes in indices of blood pressure, cardiorespiratory capacity, liver metabolism, and redox status in healthy adults over a 4-week supplementation period.- Published
- 2024
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33. Recovery kinetics following sprint training: resisted versus unresisted sprints.
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Liakou CA, Fatouros IG, Poulios A, Tsatalas T, Karampina E, Karanika P, Kaloudi D, Rosvoglou A, Tsimeas P, Kamperi A, Syrou N, Gatsas A, Papanikolaou K, Draganidis D, Tsaklis P, Giakas G, Jamurtas AZ, and Deli CK
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- Humans, Male, Female, Athletes, Physical Therapy Modalities, Knee, Athletic Performance physiology, Resistance Training methods
- Abstract
Purpose: To determine the recovery kinetics of performance and exercise-induced muscle damage following different sprint-training protocols., Methods: In a crossover design, ten male and female athletes (20.6 ± 2.4 years) performed 2 × (3 × 20 m: 2 min rest) and 1× (3 × 30 m: 3 min rest) of: (a) unresisted sprints (UST), (b) resisted sprints with 10% of body mass (BM) load (RST10), (c) resisted sprints with 20% BM load (RST20), against a control trial (no-training)., Results: Blood lactate (mmol/L) increased post-training versus pre-training in all sprint-training trials (6.7 ± 2.4 vs 1.2 ± 0.2, 5.6 ± 2.4 vs 1.3 ± 0.3, 7.3 ± 2.7 vs 1.2 ± 0.3, in UST, RST10, RST20, respectively), as did creatine kinase (U/L) 24 h, 48 h and 72 h post-training (UST: 251 ± 173, 238 ± 154, 209 ± 115 vs 155 ± 9, RST10: 252 ± 134, 240 ± 83, 218 ± 103 vs 164 ± 106; RST20: 237 ± 133, 323 ± 303, 262 ± 184 vs 179 ± 106, respectively). DOMS of knee-extensors (KE) and knee-flexors (KF) increased post-training up to 72 h in all sprint-training trials versus pre-training (ranging from 1.6 ± 1.3 to 3.8 ± 2.8 vs 1.0 ± 0, respectively). Eccentric torque (N m) of the KE of the non-dominant limb, decreased 24 h post-training versus pre-training in all sprint-training trials (UST: 249 ± 49 vs 266 ± 54; RST10: 229 ± 52 vs 273 ± 72; RST20: 253 ± 6 vs 262 ± 56), as did that of the KF of the dominant limb (UST: 135 ± 29 vs 144 ± 26; RST10: 130 ± 29 vs 140 ± 25; RST20: 139 ± 33 vs 142 ± 26). 10-m sprint-time (s) increased 48 h post-training versus pre-training (1.81 ± 0.15 vs 1.77 ± 0.11), and 30-m sprint-time increased 24 h, 48 h, 72 h post-training versus pre-training (4.35 ± 0.36, 4.40 ± 0.44, 4.33 ± 0.41 vs 4.21 ± 0.34, respectively), only in RST20., Conclusions: Unresisted and resisted sprint-training induces prolonged reduction of muscle strength (24 h), and sprinting performance (72 h), associated with prolonged increase of DOMS and CK (72 h)., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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34. Recovery kinetics following eccentric exercise is volume-dependent.
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Rosvoglou A, Fatouros IG, Poulios A, Tsatalas T, Papanikolaou K, Karampina E, Liakou CA, Tsimeas P, Karanika P, Tsoukas D, Katrabasas I, Chatzinikolaou A, Deli CK, Giakas G, Jamurtas AZ, and Draganidis D
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- Male, Humans, Cross-Over Studies, Range of Motion, Articular, Knee Joint, Exercise physiology, Myalgia
- Abstract
The present study compared the effect of 75 vs 150 vs 300 intensity-matched eccentric contractions on muscle damage and performance recovery kinetics. Ten healthy males participated in a randomized, cross-over study consisted of 4 experimental trials (ECC75, ECC150, ECC300 and Control - no exercise) with a 4-week washout period in-between. Performance and muscle damage, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers were evaluated at baseline, post-exercise, 24, 48 and 192 hours following each exercise protocol. Concentric and eccentric peak torque decreased similarly in ECC150 and ECC300 during the first 48 h of recovery ( p < 0.05) but remained unaffected in ECC75. Countermovement jump indices decreased post-exercise and at 24 h in ECC150 and ECC300, with ECC300 inducing a more pronounced reduction ( p < 0.05). Creatine kinase increased until 48 h of recovery in all trials and remained elevated up to 192 h only in ECC300 ( p < 0.05). Delayed onset of muscle soreness increased, and knee-joint range of motion decreased in a volume-dependent manner during the first 48 h ( p < 0.05). Likewise, a volume-dependent decline of glutathione and a rise of protein carbonyls was observed during the first 48 h of recovery ( p < 0.05). Collectively, our results indicate that muscle damage and performance recovery following eccentric exercise is volume dependent, at least in lower limbs.
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- 2023
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35. Functional and Morphological Adaptations in the Heart of Children Aged 12-14 Years following Two Different Endurance Training Protocols.
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Rafailakis L, Deli CK, Fatouros IG, Tsiokanos A, Draganidis D, Poulios A, Soulas D, and Jamurtas AZ
- Abstract
This study investigated the cardiac functional and the morphological adaptations because of two endurance training protocols. Untrained children (N = 30, age: 12-14 years) were divided into three groups (N = 10/group). The first group did not perform any session (CONTROL), the second performed ventilatory threshold endurance training (VTT) for 12 weeks (2 sessions/week) at an intensity corresponding to the ventilatory threshold (VT) and the third (IT) performed two sessions per week at 120% of maximal oxygen uptake (VO
2 max). Two other sessions (30 min running at 55-65% of VO2 max) per week were performed in VVT and IT. Echocardiograms (Left Ventricular end Diastolic Diameter, LVEDd; Left Ventricular end Diastolic Volume, LVEDV; Stroke Volume, SV; Ejection Fraction, EF; Posterior Wall Thickness of the Left Ventricle, PWTLV) and cardiopulmonary ergospirometry (VO2 max, VT, velocity at VO2 max (vVO2 max), time in vVO2 max until exhaustion (Tlim) was conducted before and after protocols. Significant increases were observed in both training groups in LVEDd (VTT = 5%; IT = 3.64%), in LVEDV (VTT = 23.7%; ITT = 13.6%), in SV (VTT = 25%; IT = 16.9%) but not in PWTLV and EF, after protocols. No differences were noted in the CONTROL group. VO2 max and VT increased significantly in both training groups by approximately 9% after training. Our results indicate that intensity endurance training does not induce meaningful functional and morphological perturbations in the hearts of children.- Published
- 2023
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36. Skeletal muscle and erythrocyte redox status is associated with dietary cysteine intake and physical fitness in healthy young physically active men.
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Papanikolaou K, Jamurtas AZ, Poulios A, Tsimeas P, Draganidis D, Margaritelis NV, Baloyiannis I, Papadopoulos C, Sovatzidis A, Deli CK, Rosvoglou A, Georgakouli K, Tzatzakis T, Nikolaidis MG, and Fatouros IG
- Subjects
- Male, Humans, Glutathione Disulfide metabolism, Oxidation-Reduction, Antioxidants metabolism, Muscle, Skeletal metabolism, Eating, Physical Fitness, Biomarkers metabolism, Oxidative Stress, Cysteine, Glutathione metabolism
- Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the association between redox status in erythrocytes and skeletal muscle with dietary nutrient intake and markers of physical fitness and habitual physical activity (PA)., Methods: Forty-five young physically active men were assessed for body composition, dietary nutrient intake, muscle strength, cardiorespiratory capacity and habitual PA. Blood and muscle samples were collected to estimate selected redox biomarkers. Partial correlation analysis was used to evaluate the independent relationship of each factor with redox biomarkers., Results: Dietary cysteine intake was positively correlated (p < 0.001) with both erythrocyte (r = 0.697) and muscle GSH (0.654, p < 0.001), erythrocyte reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio (GSH/GSSG) (r = 0.530, p = 0.001) and glutathione reductase (GR) activity (r = 0.352, p = 0.030) and inversely correlated with erythrocyte protein carbonyls (PC) levels (r = - 0.325; p = 0.046). Knee extensors eccentric peak torque was positively correlated with GR activity (r = 0.355; p = 0.031) while, one-repetition maximum in back squat exercise was positively correlated with erythrocyte GSH/GSSG ratio (r = 0.401; p = 0.014) and inversely correlated with erythrocyte GSSG and PC (r = - 0.441, p = 0.006; r = - 0.413, p = 0.011 respectively). Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity was positively correlated with step count (r = 0.520; p < 0.001), light (r = 0.406; p = 0.008), moderate (r = 0.417; p = 0.006), moderate-to-vigorous (r = 0.475; p = 0.001), vigorous (r = 0.352; p = 0.022) and very vigorous (r = 0.326; p = 0.035) PA. Muscle GSSG inversely correlated with light PA (r = - 0.353; p = 0.022)., Conclusion: These results indicate that dietary cysteine intake may be a critical element for the regulation of glutathione metabolism and redox status in two different tissues pinpointing the independent significance of cysteine for optimal redox regulation. Musculoskeletal fitness and PA levels may be predictors of skeletal muscle, but not erythrocyte, antioxidant capacity., Trial Registration: Registry: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT03711838, date of registration: October 19, 2018., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany.)
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- 2023
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37. Hybrid-type, multicomponent interval training upregulates musculoskeletal fitness of adults with overweight and obesity in a volume-dependent manner: A 1-year dose-response randomised controlled trial.
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Batrakoulis A, Jamurtas AZ, Tsimeas P, Poulios A, Perivoliotis K, Syrou N, Papanikolaou K, Draganidis D, Deli CK, Metsios GS, Angelopoulos TJ, Feito Y, and Fatouros IG
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- Middle Aged, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Body Weight, Exercise, Movement, Overweight therapy, Obesity therapy
- Abstract
This study examined the dose-response effects of a 1-year hybrid-type, multicomponent interval training programme (DoIT) on various musculoskeletal fitness parameters in inactive overweight and obese adults in a gym setting. Ninety-seven middle-aged (44.8 ± 5.2 years) individuals with overweight/obesity (31.2 ± 5.7 kg/m
2 ) (66% female) were randomly assigned to the following groups: (i) no-intervention control (CON, n = 29), (ii) DoIT performed once weekly (DoIT-1, n = 24), (iii) DoIT performed twice weekly (DoIT-2, n = 23) and (iv) DoIT performed thrice weekly (DoIT-3, n = 21). DoIT was a time-efficient, intermittent-based, multicomponent exercise protocol using progressive loaded fundamental movement patterns with prescribed work-to-rest intervals (1:3-2:1) in a circuit format (2-3 rounds). Muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, passive range of motion (PRoM), static balance and functional movement screen (FMS®) were assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 months following intervention. At post-training, all exercise groups exhibited superior changes than CON in (i) muscular strength (+13%-38%, p < 0.001); (ii) muscular endurance (+42%-159%, p < 0.001); (iii) flexibility (+12%-42%, p < 0.001); (iv) PRoM (+6%-50%, p = 0.001-0.026); (v) static balance (+61%-163%, p < 0.001); and (vi) FMS (+18%-39%, p < 0.001). Although a single exercise session/week improved musculoskeletal fitness, changes demonstrated a step-wise improvement with two and three sessions/week suggesting a dose-dependent response. The response rate to training was 100% for all exercise groups. These findings suggest that a multicomponent exercise approach incorporating bodyweight drills and resistance-based alternative modes performed under real-world conditions may improve several musculoskeletal fitness indicators in a dose-dependent manner in inactive, middle-aged adults with overweight/obesity. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03759951.- Published
- 2023
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38. Extended Match Time Exacerbates Fatigue and Impacts Physiological Responses in Male Soccer Players.
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Mohr M, Ermidis G, Jamurtas AZ, Vigh-Larsen JF, Poulios A, Draganidis D, Papanikolaou K, Tsimeas P, Batsilas D, Loules G, Batrakoulis A, Sovatzidis A, Nielsen JL, Tzatzakis T, Deli CK, Nybo L, Krustrup P, and Fatouros IG
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- Humans, Male, Young Adult, Adult, Blood Glucose, Glycogen, Muscle Fatigue, Soccer physiology, Athletic Performance physiology, Running physiology
- Abstract
Purpose: This study evaluated how extended match time (90 + 30 min) affected physiological responses and fatigue in male soccer players., Methods: Twenty competitive players (mean ± SD: age, 20 ± 1 yr; maximal oxygen uptake, 59 ± 4 mL·min -1 ·kg -1 ) completed an experimental match with their activity pattern and heart rate assessed throughout the game, whereas countermovement jump performance and repeated sprint ability were tested and quadriceps muscle biopsies and venous blood samples were taken at baseline and after 90 and 120 min of match play., Results: Less high-intensity running (12%) was performed in extra time in association with fewer intense accelerations and decelerations per minute compared with normal time. Peak sprint speed was 11% lower in extra time compared with normal time, and fatigue also manifested in impaired postmatch repeated sprint ability and countermovement jump performance (all P < 0.05). Muscle glycogen declined from 373 ± 59 mmol·kg -1 dry weight (dw) at baseline to 266 ± 64 mmol·kg -1 dw after 90 min, with a further decline to 186 ± 56 mmol·kg -1 dw after extra time ( P < 0.05) and with single-fiber analyses revealing depleted or very low glycogen levels in ~75% of both slow and fast twitch fibers. Blood glucose did not change during the first 90-min but declined ( P < 0.05) to 81 ± 8 mg·dL -1 after extra time. Plasma glycerol and ammonia peaked at 236 ± 33 mg·dL -1 and 75 ± 21 μmol·L -1 after the extra period., Conclusions: These findings demonstrate exacerbated fatigue after extra time compared with normal time, which seems to be associated with muscle glycogen depletion, reductions in blood glucose levels, and hyperammonemia. Together, this points to metabolic disturbances being a major part of the integrated and multifaceted fatigue response during extended soccer match play., (Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Sports Medicine.)
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- 2023
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39. The Effects of Greek Orthodox Christian Fasting during Holy Week on Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Parameters in Overweight Adults.
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Georgakouli K, Siamata F, Draganidis D, Tsimeas P, Papanikolaou K, Batrakoulis A, Gatsas A, Poulios A, Syrou N, Deli CK, Fatouros IG, and Jamurtas AZ
- Abstract
This study investigated whether Greek Orthodox Christian fasting during Holy Week can change body composition and cardiometabolic parameters in overweight individuals, and whether these changes are maintained one week after fasting cessation (FC). Body composition and physiological and biochemical parameters were measured before, immediately after (n = 23) and one week after FC (subgroup of n = 10). Fasting resulted in decreased body weight, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, body mass index and total body fat, as well as blood glucose, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Nutrition analysis showed a decreased protein and saturated fat intake during fasting. FC (n = 10) resulted in a decreased carbohydrate intake and increased protein and cholesterol intake compared to fasting. Fasting resulted in decreased blood glucose, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels but returned to pre-fasting levels after FC. Greek Orthodox Christian fasting during Holy Week is beneficial for body composition and some aspects of cardiometabolic health. However, these favourable changes are not maintained one week following fasting.
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- 2022
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40. Comparative Efficacy of 5 Exercise Types on Cardiometabolic Health in Overweight and Obese Adults: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of 81 Randomized Controlled Trials.
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Batrakoulis A, Jamurtas AZ, Metsios GS, Perivoliotis K, Liguori G, Feito Y, Riebe D, Thompson WR, Angelopoulos TJ, Krustrup P, Mohr M, Draganidis D, Poulios A, and Fatouros IG
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- Adult, Bayes Theorem, Exercise, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Network Meta-Analysis, Obesity diagnosis, Obesity therapy, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Cardiovascular Diseases diagnosis, Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology, Cardiovascular Diseases prevention & control, Overweight diagnosis, Overweight therapy
- Abstract
Background: Although regular exercise is recommended for preventing and treating overweight/obesity, the most effective exercise type for improving cardiometabolic health in individuals with overweight/obesity remains largely undecided. This network meta-analysis aimed to evaluate and rank the comparative efficacy of 5 exercise modalities on cardiometabolic health measures in individuals with overweight/obesity., Methods: A database search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception up to September 2020. The review focused on randomized controlled trials involving exercise interventions consisting of continuous endurance training, interval training, resistance training, combined aerobic and resistance training (combined training), and hybrid-type training. Exercise interventions aimed to improve somatometric variables, body composition, lipid metabolism, glucose control, blood pressure, cardiorespiratory fitness, and muscular strength. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to evaluate eligible studies. A random-effects network meta-analysis was performed within a frequentist framework. The intervention ranking was carried out using a Bayesian model where mean and SD were equal to the respective frequentist estimates., Results: A total of 4331 participants (59% female; mean age: 38.7±12.3 years) from 81 studies were included. Combined training was the most effective modality and hybrid-type training the second most effective in improving cardiometabolic health-related outcomes in these populations suggesting a higher efficacy for multicomponent exercise interventions compared to single-component modalities, that is, continuous endurance training, interval training, and resistance training. A subgroup analysis revealed that the effects from different exercise types were mediated by gender., Conclusions: These findings corroborate the latest guidelines on exercise for individuals with overweight/obesity highlighting the importance of a multicomponent exercise approach to improve cardiometabolic health. Physicians and healthcare professionals should consider prescribing multicomponent exercise interventions to adults with overweight/obesity to maximize clinical outcomes., Registration: URL: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/; Unique identifier: CRD42020202647.
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- 2022
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41. Skeletal muscle phenotype and game performance in elite women football players.
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Mohr M, Fatouros IG, Jamurtas AZ, Draganidis D, Thomassen M, Ørntoft C, Ermidis G, Loules G, Batsilas D, Poulios A, Papanikolaou K, Randers MB, Krustrup P, and Nybo L
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- Female, Humans, Muscle, Skeletal physiology, Myosin Heavy Chains metabolism, Phenotype, Athletic Performance physiology, Soccer
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We combined game activity analyses with skeletal muscle phenotypes and comprehensive physiological testing to elucidate factors of importance for physical performance in elite women's football. GPS-data from an experimental game, sprint and endurance testing, and muscle tissue analysis of metabolic enzyme activity, protein expression and fiber type composition were completed for international top-level women players (n = 20; age; 23 ± 4 yrs, height; 166 ± 10 cm, weight; 60 ± 8 kg; VO
2max ; 51 ± 6 ml/min/kg). Muscle monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) protein expression explained 46% of the variance in total game distance, while the ability to maintain high-intensity running (HIR) during the final 15 min of the game correlated to myosin heavy chain 1 (MHCI) and Na+ -K+ ATPase β1, FXYD1 (phospholemman) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) protein expression (range: r = 0.51-0.71; all p < 0.05). Total HIR distance correlated with (MHCIIa) protein expression (r = 0.51; p < 0.05), while muscle Na+ /H+ exchanger 1 (NHE1) protein explained 36% of the variance in game sprint distance (p < 0.05). Total game accelerations (actions >4 m/s2 ) correlated with platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM-1) protein expression (r = 0.51; p < 0.05), while concentric knee flexor strength explained 42-62% of the variance in intense decelerations (>4 m/s2 ). In conclusion, for elite women players' game endurance performance and resistance to end-game fatigue were affected by monocarboxylate transporter expression and myosin heavy chain profile. HIR was also correlated to ion transporter expression and muscle antioxidative capacity. Finally, the importance of functional strength and measures of muscle vascularization in relation to total game decelerations and accelerations, respectively, illustrates the complex physiological demands in elite women's football., (© 2021 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)- Published
- 2022
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42. Muscle metabolism and impaired sprint performance in an elite women's football game.
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Krustrup P, Mohr M, Nybo L, Draganidis D, Randers MB, Ermidis G, Ørntoft C, Røddik L, Batsilas D, Poulios A, Ørtenblad N, Loules G, Deli CK, Batrakoulis A, Nielsen JL, Jamurtas AZ, and Fatouros IG
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- Female, Humans, Glycogen metabolism, Lactic Acid, Muscle, Skeletal metabolism, Athletic Performance physiology, Soccer physiology
- Abstract
The present study examined skeletal muscle metabolism and changes in repeated sprint performance during match play for n = 20 competitive elite women outfield players. We obtained musculus vastus lateralis biopsies and blood samples before, after, and following intense periods in each half of a friendly match, along with 5 × 30-meter sprint tests and movement pattern analyses (10-Hz S5 Global Positioning System [GPS]). Muscle glycogen decreased by 39% and 42% after an intense period of the second half and after the match, respectively, compared to baseline (p < 0.05). Post-match, 80% type I fibers and 69% type II fibers were almost empty or completely empty of glycogen. Muscle lactate was higher (p < 0.05) after the intense period of the first half and post-match compared to baseline (14.3 ± 4.6 (±SEM) and 12.9 ± 5.7 vs. 6.4 ± 3.7 mmol/kg d.w.). Muscle phosphocreatine was reduced (p < 0.05) by 16% and 12%, respectively, after an intense period in the first and second half compared to baseline. Blood lactate and glucose increased during the match and peaked at 8.4 ± 2.0 and 7.9 ± 1.2 mmol/L, respectively. Mean 5 × 30 m sprint time declined by 3.2 ± 1.7 and 7.0 ± 2.1% after the first and second half, respectively, and 4.7 ± 1.6% (p < 0.05) after an intense period in the first half compared to baseline. In conclusion, match play in elite female football players resulted in marked glycogen depletion in both fiber types, which may explain fatigue at the end of a match. Repeated sprint ability was impaired after intense periods in the first half and after both halves, which may be associated with the observed muscle metabolite perturbations., (© 2021 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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- 2022
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43. Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation Interferes with Anabolic and Catabolic Characteristics of the Aged Human Skeletal Muscle.
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Draganidis D, Jamurtas AZ, Chondrogianni N, Mastorakos G, Jung T, Grune T, Papadopoulos C, Papanikolaou K, Papassotiriou I, Papaevgeniou N, Poulios A, Batrakoulis A, Deli CK, Georgakouli K, Chatzinikolaou A, Karagounis LG, and Fatouros IG
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- Aged, Healthy Volunteers, Humans, Hyperinsulinism metabolism, Male, Muscle, Skeletal metabolism, Phosphorylation, Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases metabolism, Exercise, Hyperinsulinism pathology, Inflammation physiopathology, Inflammation Mediators metabolism, Insulin Resistance, Muscle, Skeletal pathology, Proteolysis
- Abstract
Aging is associated with the development of chronic low-grade systemic inflammation (LGSI) characterized by increased circulating levels of proinflammatory cytokines and acute phase proteins such as C-reactive protein (CRP). Collective evidence suggests that elevated levels of inflammatory mediators such as CRP, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF- α ) are correlated with deteriorated skeletal muscle mass and function, though the molecular footprint of this observation in the aged human skeletal muscle remains obscure. Based on animal models showing impaired protein synthesis and enhanced degradation in response to LGSI, we compared here the response of proteolysis- and protein synthesis-related signaling proteins as well as the satellite cell and amino acid transporter protein content between healthy older adults with increased versus physiological blood hs-CRP levels in the fasted (basal) state and after an anabolic stimulus comprised of acute resistance exercise (RE) and protein feeding. Our main findings indicate that older adults with increased hs-CRP levels demonstrate (i) increased proteasome activity, accompanied by increased protein carbonylation and IKK α / β phosphorylation; (ii) reduced Pax7
+ satellite cells; (iii) increased insulin resistance, at the basal state; and (iv) impaired S6 ribosomal protein phosphorylation accompanied by hyperinsulinemia following an acute RE bout combined with protein ingestion. Collectively, these data provide support to the concept that age-related chronic LGSI may upregulate proteasome activity via induction of the NF- κ B signaling and protein oxidation and impair the insulin-dependent anabolic potential of human skeletal muscle., Competing Interests: L.G.K is an employee of Nestlé., (Copyright © 2021 Dimitrios Draganidis et al.)- Published
- 2021
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44. Hybrid Neuromuscular Training Improves Cardiometabolic Health and Alters Redox Status in Inactive Overweight and Obese Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
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Batrakoulis A, Jamurtas AZ, Draganidis D, Georgakouli K, Tsimeas P, Poulios A, Syrou N, Deli CK, Papanikolaou K, Tournis S, and Fatouros IG
- Abstract
This randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of a 5-month high-intensity hybrid-type neuromuscular training program with nontraditional implements on cardiometabolic health, redox status, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in inactive overweight and obese women. Forty-nine inactive female participants with overweight and obesity (age: 36.4 ± 4.4 years; BMI: 29.1 ± 2.9 kg/m
2 ) were randomly assigned to either a control (C, n = 21) or a training group (TR, n = 28). TR followed a 20-week supervised, progressive, time-efficient (3 days/week; 6-15 min net exercise time) program implementing loaded fundamental movement patterns with prescribed work-to-rest time intervals (20-40 s, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1) in a circuit fashion (2-3 rounds). Cardiometabolic risk factors were measured at baseline and post-training as secondary outcomes of a larger randomized controlled trial. At post-intervention, TR demonstrated favorable changes in resting heart rate (-7%, p = 0.043), high-density lipoprotein (+18.1%, p = 0.029), atherogenic index (-17%, p = 0.045), mean arterial pressure (-4.5%, p = 0.03), waist circumference (-6.2%, p = 0.005), waist-to-hip ratio (-4.6%; p = 0.015), metabolic syndrome severity score (-222%, p = 0.024), full 30-year CVD risk (-15.8%, p = 0.002) and hard 30-year CVD risk (-17.6%, p = 0.01), vascular age (-7.8%, p = 0.002), protein carbonyls (-45.7%, p = 0.001), catalase activity (+15.2%, p = 0.023), and total antioxidant capacity (+11.4%, p = 0.002) relative to C. Additionally, TR induced beneficial changes in fasting glucose (-3.4%, p = 0.002), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (-15.7%, p < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (-5.6%, p < 0.001), reduced glutathione (+39.8%, p < 0.001), 10-year CVD risk (-17.4%, p = 0.011), and total bilirubin (-21.7%, p < 0.001) compared to baseline. These results suggest that hybrid-type neuromuscular training may improve aspects of cardiometabolic health and antioxidant status in inactive overweight and obese women providing a time-efficient (~100 min/week) exercise approach in a real-world gym setting.- Published
- 2021
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45. Recovery Kinetics Following Small-Sided Games in Competitive Soccer Players: Does Player Density Size Matter?
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Papanikolaou K, Tsimeas P, Anagnostou A, Varypatis A, Mourikis C, Tzatzakis T, Draganidis D, Batsilas D, Mersinias T, Loules G, Poulios A, Deli CK, Batrakoulis A, Chatzinikolaou A, Mohr M, Jamurtas AZ, and Fatouros IG
- Subjects
- Humans, Kinetics, Male, Myalgia, Athletic Performance physiology, Running physiology, Soccer physiology
- Abstract
Purpose: To examine the recovery kinetics of exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD), neuromuscular fatigue, and performance following small-sided games (SSGs) of different densities in soccer., Methods: Ten male players randomly completed 3 trials: a control trial (no SSGs), 4v4 SSGs (62.5 m2/player), and 8v8 SSGs (284.4 m2/player). External and internal load were monitored using GPS technology, heart-rate monitors, and rating of perceived exertion. Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), creatine kinase (CK), isokinetic strength, countermovement jump (CMJ), and sprint were determined at baseline, as well as at 24, 48, and 72 hours post-SSGs. Neuromuscular fatigue was assessed at baseline and at 1, 2, and 3 hours post-SSGs., Results: DOMS increased (P < .05) in 4v4 for 72 hours and in 8v8 for 24 hours with that of knee flexors being more pronounced than that of extensors. CK increased (P < .05) in 4v4 for 72 hours and in 8v8 for 24 hours. Neuromuscular fatigue increased (P < .05) in 4v4 for 2 hours and in 8v8 for 3 hours. Strength declined (P < .05) in 4v4 for 48 hours and in 8v8 for 72 hours. CMJ decreased (P < .05) in 4v4 for 24 hours and in 8v8 for 48 hours. Sprint decreased (P < .05) for 48 hours in 4v4 and for 72 hours in 8v8., Conclusions: SSGs are associated with a prolonged rise of EIMD and induce short-term neuromuscular fatigue and slow recovery kinetics of strength, jump, and sprinting performance. The time for complete recovery is longer for SSGs of lower density.
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- 2021
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46. Effect of whey vs. soy protein supplementation on recovery kinetics following speed endurance training in competitive male soccer players: a randomized controlled trial.
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Kritikos S, Papanikolaou K, Draganidis D, Poulios A, Georgakouli K, Tsimeas P, Tzatzakis T, Batsilas D, Batrakoulis A, Deli CK, Chatzinikolaou A, Mohr M, Jamurtas AZ, and Fatouros IG
- Subjects
- Antioxidants metabolism, Competitive Behavior physiology, Creatine Kinase blood, Cross-Over Studies, Double-Blind Method, Glutathione blood, Humans, Male, Muscle Fatigue physiology, Muscle, Skeletal injuries, Muscle, Skeletal metabolism, Oxidation-Reduction, Protein Carbonylation, Young Adult, Athletic Performance physiology, Dietary Supplements, Endurance Training, Myalgia prevention & control, Soccer physiology, Soybean Proteins administration & dosage, Whey Proteins administration & dosage
- Abstract
Background: Soccer-specific speed-endurance training induces short-term neuromuscular fatigue and performance deterioration over a 72-h recovery period, associated with elevated markers of exercise-induced muscle damage. We compared the effects of whey vs. soy protein supplementation on field activity, performance, muscle damage and redox responses following speed-endurance training in soccer players., Methods: Ten well-trained, male soccer players completed three speed-endurance training trials, receiving whey protein (WP), soy protein (SP) or an isoenergetic placebo (PL; maltodextrin) according to a randomized, double-blind, crossover, repeated-measures design. A pre-loading period was applied in each trial during which protein supplementation was individually adjusted to reach a total protein intake of 1.5 g/kg/day, whereas in PL protein intake was adjusted at 0.8-1 g/kg/day. Following pre-loading, two speed-endurance training sessions (1 and 2) were performed 1 day apart, over a 3-day experimental period. During each session, field activity and heart rate were continuously monitored using global positioning system and heart rate monitors, respectively. Performance (isokinetic strength of knee extensors and flexors, maximal voluntary isometric contraction, speed, repeated sprint ability, countermovement jump), muscle damage (delayed-onset of muscle soreness, creatine kinase activity) and redox status (glutathione, total antioxidant capacity, protein carbonyls) were evaluated at baseline (pre), following pre-loading (post-load), and during recovery from speed-endurance training., Results: High-intensity and high-speed running decreased (P ≤ 0.05) during speed-endurance training in all trials, but WP and SP mitigated this response. Isokinetic strength, maximal voluntary isometric contraction, 30-m speed, repeated sprint ability and countermovement jump performance were similarly deteriorated during recovery following speed-endurance training in all trials (P ≤ 0.05). 10 m speed was impaired at 24 h only in PL. Delayed-onset of muscle soreness, creatine kinase, total antioxidant capacity and protein carbonyls increased and glutathione decreased equally among trials following speed-endurance training (P ≤ 0.05), with SP inducing a faster recovery of protein carbonyls only at 48 h (P ≤ 0.05) compared to WP and PL., Conclusions: In conclusion, increasing daily protein intake to 1.5 g/kg through ingestion of either whey or soy protein supplements mitigates field performance deterioration during successive speed-endurance training sessions without affecting exercise-induced muscle damage and redox status markers., Trial Registration: Name of the registry: clinicaltrials.gov., Trial Registration: NCT03753321 . Date of registration: 12/10/2018.
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- 2021
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47. Effects of Cardiovascular, Resistance and Combined Exercise Training on Cardiovascular, Performance and Blood Redox Parameters in Coronary Artery Disease Patients: An 8-Month Training-Detraining Randomized Intervention.
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Tofas T, Fatouros IG, Draganidis D, Deli CK, Chatzinikolaou A, Tziortzis C, Panayiotou G, Koutedakis Y, and Jamurtas AZ
- Abstract
It is well-documented that chronic/regular exercise improves the cardiovascular function, decreases oxidative stress and enhances the antioxidant capacity in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. However, there is insufficient evidence regarding the chronic effects of different types of training and detraining on cardiovascular function and the levels of oxidative stress and antioxidant status in these patients. Therefore, the present study aimed at investigating the effects of cardiovascular, resistance and combined exercise training followed by a three-month detraining period, on cardiovascular function, physical performance and blood redox status parameters in CAD patients. Sixty coronary artery disease patients were randomly assigned to either a cardiovascular training (CVT, N = 15), resistance training (RT, N = 11), combined cardiovascular and resistance training (CT, N = 16) or a control (C, N = 15) group. The training groups participated in an 8-month supervised training program (training three days/week) followed by a 3-month detraining period, while the control group participated only in measurements. Body composition, blood pressure, performance-related variables (aerobic capacity (VO
2max ), muscle strength, flexibility) and blood redox status-related parameters (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), catalase activity (CAT), protein carbonyls (PC)) were assessed at the beginning of the study, after 4 and 8 months of training as well as following 1, 2 and 3 months of detraining (DT). CVT induced the most remarkable and pronounced alterations in blood pressure (~9% reduction in systolic blood pressure and ~5% in diastolic blood pressure) and redox status since it had a positive effect on all redox-related variables (ranging from 16 to 137%). RT and CT training affected positively some of the assessed (TAC, CAT and PC) redox-related variables. Performance-related variables retained the positive response of the training, whereas most of the redox status parameters, for all training groups, restored near to the pre-exercise values at the end of the DT period. These results indicate that exercise training has a significant effect on redox status of CAD. Three months of detraining is enough to abolish the exercise-induced beneficial effects on redox status, indicating that for a better antioxidant status, exercise must be a lifetime commitment.- Published
- 2021
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48. Hybrid neuromuscular training promotes musculoskeletal adaptations in inactive overweight and obese women: A training-detraining randomized controlled trial.
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Batrakoulis A, Tsimeas P, Deli CK, Vlachopoulos D, Ubago-Guisado E, Poulios A, Chatzinikolaou A, Draganidis D, Papanikolaou K, Georgakouli K, Batsilas D, Gracia-Marco L, Jamurtas AZ, and Fatouros I
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Humans, Movement physiology, Muscle Strength physiology, Physical Fitness physiology, Pliability physiology, Postural Balance physiology, Range of Motion, Articular physiology, Adaptation, Physiological, High-Intensity Interval Training methods, Overweight therapy
- Abstract
This study investigated the effects of a 10-month high-intensity interval-type neuromuscular training programme on musculoskeletal fitness in overweight and obese women. Forty-nine inactive females (36.4 ± 4.4 yrs) were randomly assigned to either a control (N = 21), a training (N = 14, 10 months) or a training-detraining group (N = 14, 5 months training followed by 5 months detraining). Training used progressive loaded fundamental movement patterns with prescribed work-to-rest intervals (1:2, 1:1, 2:1) in a circuit fashion (2-3 rounds). Muscular strength and endurance, flexibility, passive range of motion (PRoM), static balance, functional movement screen (FMS) and bone mass density (BMD) and content (BMC) were measured at pre-, mid-, and post-intervention. Ten months of training induced greater changes than the controls in (i) BMD (+1.9%, p < 0.001) and BMC (+1.5%, p = 0.023) ii) muscular strength (25%-53%, p = 0.001-0.005); iii) muscular endurance (103%-195%, p < 0.001); and iv) mobility (flexibility: 40%, p < 0.001; PRoM [24%-53%, p = 0.001-0.05;]; balance: 175%, p = 0.058; FMS: +58%, p < 0.001). The response rate to training was exceptionally high (86-100%). Five months of detraining reduced but not abolished training-induced adaptations. These results suggest that a hybrid-type exercise approach integrating endurance-based bodyweight drills with resistance-based alternative modes into a real-world gym setting may promote musculoskeletal fitness in overweight and obese women.
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- 2021
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49. HPA axis responses to acute exercise differ in smokers and non-smokers.
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Georgakouli K, Manthou E, Georgoulias P, Ziaka A, Deli CK, Draganidis D, Batrakoulis A, Papanikolaou K, Tsimeas P, Mastorakos G, Fatouros IG, Koutedakis Y, Theodorakis Y, and Jamurtas AZ
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- Adult, Exercise, Humans, Non-Smokers, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Smokers
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Physical exercise has been proposed as an adjunct in addiction treatment, including tobacco cigarette smoking. The physiological and biochemical mechanisms that could be affected by physical exercise in smokers and that could help quit smoking have not been investigated yet., Objective: To investigate whether the effects of acute exercise on smoking behavior and HPA axis activation in smokers are intensity-dependent., Methods: Healthy, non-systematically exercising individuals [25 smokers (age: 33±1.4 years) and 10 non-smokers (age: 34±2.1 years)] underwent three trials [moderate intensity (MI), high intensity (HI) exercise, control (C)] in a counterbalanced order, after an overnight fast and smoking abstinence, separated by at least six days. MI involved cycling at 50-60% of Heart Rate Reserve (HRR) for 30 min, HI involved cycling at 65-75% HRR for 30 min, while in C participants rested for 30 min. Time till the first cigarette following each trial was recorded. Smoking urge was evaluated and blood samples, [analyzed for β-endorphin (β-E), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol and catecholamines], were obtained prior to and immediately after each trial., Results: β-E, ACTH, catecholamines and cortisol responses to exercise were intensity-dependent and differed in smokers and non-smokers. Resting β-E levels were 2-2.5 times lower in smokers compared to non-smokers. HI resulted in increased β-E levels in both groups, with smokers exhibiting similar levels to that observed in non-smokers. Although smoking urge did not change post-exercise in smokers, time till first cigarette increased following both MI (64.6%) and HI (77.9%) compared to C., Conclusions: HPA axis activation in response to exercise may differ between smokers and non-smokers. Smokers have lower resting levels of β-E compared to non-smokers and, since HI exercise increases β-E to similar levels to those of non-smokers and delays smoking, this may be used as an adjunct in smoking cessation., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2021
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50. Redox-dependent regulation of satellite cells following aseptic muscle trauma: Implications for sports performance and nutrition.
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Papanikolaou K, Veskoukis AS, Draganidis D, Baloyiannis I, Deli CK, Poulios A, Jamurtas AZ, and Fatouros IG
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- Animals, Antioxidants metabolism, Humans, Muscle, Skeletal metabolism, Oxidation-Reduction, Athletic Performance, Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle
- Abstract
Skeletal muscle satellite cells (SCs) are indispensable for tissue regeneration, remodeling and growth. Following myotrauma, SCs are activated, and assist in tissue repair. Exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) is characterized by a pronounced inflammatory response and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Experimental evidence suggests that SCs kinetics (the propagation from a quiescent to an activated/proliferative state) following EIMD is redox-dependent and interconnected with changes in the SCs microenvironment (niche). Animal studies have shown that following aseptic myotrauma, antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory supplementation leads to an improved recovery and skeletal muscle regeneration through enhanced SCs kinetics, suggesting a redox-dependent molecular mechanism. Although evidence suggests that antioxidant/anti-inflammatory compounds may prevent performance deterioration and enhance recovery, there is lack of information regarding the redox-dependent regulation of SCs responses following EIMD in humans. In this review, SCs kinetics following aseptic myotrauma, as well as the intrinsic redox-sensitive molecular mechanisms responsible for SCs responses are discussed. The role of redox status on SCs function should be further investigated in the future with human clinical trials in an attempt to elucidate the molecular pathways responsible for muscle recovery and provide information for potential nutritional strategies aiming at performance recovery., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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