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Translation is essentially a process of transfer of ideas from the source language (SL) into its equivalences in the target language (TL). In the process of translation, a good translator should understand the relevant techniques to translate a text especially a text which has many cultural terms and connotations. In this respect, the aims of this study were to find out translation techniques applied by the translator while translating Mandailing Folklore Anak Na Dangol Ni Andung into English and to elaborate on the quality of the translation. To this end, a descriptive approach to assess qualitative data from relevant documents was employed. The findings of the study revealed that the translator used different techniques for translating cultural terms such as- literal translation (34.8%), pure borrowing (23.9%), addition (15.2%), transposition (10.9%), description (6.5%), deletion (4.3%), amplification and reduction, both of them formed (2.2%) of the data. On the quality of the translation aspect, the results of this study indicate that 50% of the translation was assessed as accurate whereas 50% of the translation was found to be as less accurate. In terms of acceptability, 77.3% of the translation was acceptable whereas 22.7% was termed as less acceptable. On the aspect of readability, 86.4% was rated with high readability and 13.6% with medium readability. Thus, the study has certain implications for translators while translating cultural aspects in the text using appropriate techniques to maintain good quality of the translation.

This study aimed at finding out how novice translators distribute the time on translation tasks over the phases of translation process while translating mangkobar text from Angkola Language (AL) to Bahasa Indonesia (BI) and from Bahasa Indonesia (BI) to English (EL). The mangkobar text (cultural text) composed of around 221-word long. Five novice translators were involved in this research to translate the mangkobar text with experience and several criteria on translation. Their proficiency level of mother tongue AL (L1) was „very good‟, confirmed by „penasehat adat‟ in Padang Sidimpuan, score of a paper based TOEFL was more than 503, score of UKBI was more than 578. This study used a qualitative research employing an exploratory case study as a method. The data were collected using integrated problem and decision reports (IPDRs), keyboard logging program (TranslogII), screen recording tool (Camtasia studio 9), and retrospective questionnaire. Two findings were revealed in this study: 1) the novice translators distribute more time on processing in drafting phase whether in translating from AL to BI or BI to EL, 2) they have low capability in managing the time on translation process. It was found that the novice translators took less time when translating from AL to BI since both of languages are their mother tongue and first language so that they understood the source text easily. Meanwhile, it took longer time when translating from BI to EL since they have both linguistic and cultural differences between the SL and the TL.

Chinese traditional wedding is a marriage ceremony established with a pre-arrangement between families involving a ritual procession. In this respect, this study deals with the semiotics translation of Chinese traditional wedding signs in the ritual processions located in Medan.The aims of this research are: to analyse the types of semiotics displayed in the Hokkien Chinese Traditional Wedding signs, to translate the semiotics of each sign Chinese traditional wedding in Medan realized in English, and to discuss the cultural value in the semiotics translation of Hokkien Chinese Traditional Wedding in Medan. The research focuses on the semiotics meanings of Chinese traditional wedding signs in Medan, North Sumatra, by the community of Hokkien. The study employed a qualitative research design. Interview and documentations were used as the data collection methods. The research results showed that: there are thirty signs of Hokkien Chinese Traditional Weddings discussed in this research consisting of semiotics meanings which influenced and gave an effect to the bride and groom in their wedding, the tradition that has been practiced consisted of the cultural category of ecology culture, material culture, social culture, organization culture, gesture, and habit culture in which the most dominant one was the social culture. Based on these, it was concluded that all of the signs used in Chinese traditional wedding for the pre-wedding and wedding ritual were in hereditary from generation to generation, though some modifications had been made.