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539 results on '"Doyon, J."'

2. Multiscale statistical testing for connectome-wide association studies in fMRI

Author

Bellec, P., Benhajali, Y., Carbonell, F., Dansereau, C., Albouy, G., Pelland, M., Craddock, C., Collignon, O., Doyon, J., Stip, E., and Orban, P.

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Statistics - Applications
Abstract

Alterations in brain connectivity have been associated with a variety of clinical disorders using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We investigated empirically how the number of brain parcels (or scale) impacted the results of a mass univariate general linear model (GLM) on connectomes. The brain parcels used as nodes in the connectome analysis were functionnally defined by a group cluster analysis. We first validated that a classic Benjamini-Hochberg procedure with parametric GLM tests did control appropriately the false-discovery rate (FDR) at a given scale. We then observed on realistic simulations that there was no substantial inflation of the FDR across scales, as long as the FDR was controlled independently within each scale, and the presence of true associations could be established using an omnibus permutation test combining all scales. Second, we observed both on simulations and on three real resting-state fMRI datasets (schizophrenia, congenital blindness, motor practice) that the rate of discovery varied markedly as a function of scales, and was relatively higher for low scales, below 25. Despite the differences in discovery rate, the statistical maps derived at different scales were generally very consistent in the three real datasets. Some seeds still showed effects better observed around 50, illustrating the potential benefits of multiscale analysis. On real data, the statistical maps agreed well with the existing literature. Overall, our results support that the multiscale GLM connectome analysis with FDR is statistically valid and can capture biologically meaningful effects in a variety of experimental conditions., Comment: 54 pages, 12 main figures, 1 main table, 10 supplementary figures, 1 supplementary table

Published
2014

17. The Strength of a Weak Organization: The Communist Youth League as a Path to Power in Post-Mao China

Author

Doyon, J

Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject, 05 social sciences, Geography, Planning and Development, 0507 social and economic geography, Development, League, 050701 cultural studies, 0506 political science, Power (social and political), Promotion (rank), Incentive, Political economy, Political science, Political Science and International Relations, 050602 political science & public administration, China, Autonomy, Communism, media_common
Abstract

How can a weak organization be a path to power? The Chinese Communist Youth League (CYL) lacks autonomy and coherence yet it is seen as the cradle for one of the main factions within the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). To understand this tension, I provide a novel account of the role played by the CYL in the recruitment of leading cadres since the 1980s. Against explanations based on factional struggles, I argue that the rise of CYL-affiliated cadres is a by-product of the organization's weakness. As the Party appoints CYL heads, CCP leaders, at various levels and at different points in time, have used the League to accelerate the promotion of their protégés. For years, there has been little incentive for Party bosses to dismantle this promotion path. However, in his bid to consolidate his power, Xi Jinping has weakened this channel so that it may not be used by potential rivals.

Published
2019
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26. Knowing the Wrong Cadre? Networks and Promotions in the Chinese Party-State

Author

Doyon, J and Keller, FB

Subjects
Sociology and Political Science, media_common.quotation_subject, 05 social sciences, 300 Social sciences, sociology & anthropology, 0507 social and economic geography, 050701 cultural studies, Differential effects, 0506 political science, Power (social and political), Politics, State (polity), Political economy, Political science, Elite, Stress (linguistics), 320 Political science, 050602 political science & public administration, China, media_common
Abstract

When do personal ties matter? Studies of political elite’s rise to power stress the importance of personal ties, but do not consider the possibility of differential effects depending on who one is connected to in elite struggles. We examine how ties formed among Chinese party-state officials influence their career. Our research design provides a strong proxy to account for personal ties: attendance of an exclusive and intensive training program for officials. We take advantage of the exogenous assignment to cohorts in this program to establish a causal link between informal connections and promotions. We find that the effect of personal ties depends on whether the official is connected to the leader who dominates the promotion process or to the one who only influences it through information control. Connections to the latter decrease the promotion probability, likely because these officials are closely monitored by their superiors and more powerful rivals.

Published
2020
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