Search

Discusses a study which detailed a combined resistivity transmission electron microscopy study on heavily drawn copper-20 vol percent niobium alloys. Benefits from resistivity measurements; Reason for using the term in situ composites for the materials; Cause of the very high strengths of such in situ composites.

Presents a study which determined whether the normal spectral emissivity of in situ Copper-Niobium allloys can be significantly increased by surface etching. Description of how the emissivity measurements were carried out; Behavior of the rolled sheet; Results of the error analysis carried out.

The building decision process of the paper wasp, Polistes fuscatus, was studied by 1) analyzing the search pattern of the wasps prior to the addition of pulp to different areas of the nest, 2) comparing the pulp addition needs of the cell chosen for lengthening to those of other cells in the nest, and 3) presenting the wasps with eight types of dichotomous building choices, which provided information about the relative influence of different building cues. Wasps conduct a hierarchical search prior to pulp addition, which means that they search the comb face and petiole disproportionately more often and more thoroughly than the comb back and sides. Once a particular nest area triggers closer scrutiny, comparisons are made with adjoining areas. The most needy location is then chosen based on nest cues. When lengthening a cell, the development of the brood and relative cell length have a strong influence on which cell is chosen at all times, while distance of the brood from the cell mouth becomes important during the later stages of brood development. The results indicate that there is no simple hierarchical weighting of cues. The decision process involves comparisons among multiple cues, which for the most part have an additive influence when variation in relative cue strength is considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Insectes Sociaux is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the past, birthplace has frequently been omitted in completing the Sheet, but in 1976, over 91 per cent of all first admissions to psychiatric hospitals in South-East England were analysed by birthplace, sex, age-groups and marital status. First admissions for schizophrenia were five times the expected number for immigrants from new Commonwealth America (the West Indies), four times the expected number for immigrants from New Commonwealth Africa (mostly ethnic Asians) and three times the expected number from India. Immigrants from Pakistan and the remaining New Commonwealth Asian countries did not show a significantly higher than expected number of admissions for schizophrenia, and their first admissions for alcoholic psychosis and alcoholism, psychoneuroses and personality and behaviour disorders were significantly fewer than expected. First admissions for schizophrenia were also significantly more than expected among immigrants from Ireland, Germany and Poland, but not from italy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polistes fuscatus variatus (a north temperate wasp) and P. instabilis (a tropical wasp) begin building their nests by applying pulp in a linear sequence of steps: surface preparation, petiole, flat sheet, first cell. After the initiation of first cell there are multiple locations for pulp addition (petiole, new cell, old cell), which become increasingly varied in P. fuscatus as the nest grows (secondary petioles, comb back, substrate, and pupal caps). Although P. fuscatus also adds oral secretion to the petiole, comb back, and pupal caps, P. instabilis only applies oral secretion and no pulp to these locations and does not build secondary petioles or place pulp on the substrate. Both species show a similar series of behavioral acts leading from pulp foraging to application. In both species queens initiate more cells than do subordinates; nonetheless, subordinates account for a large percentage of initiated cells. During pre-emergence and early post-emergence the majority of pulp is used for cell lengthening. Both P. instabilis and P. fuscatus show a bimodal pattern of growth in cell number. The numbers of cells in a mature comb at the end of the nesting cycle are similar in both species ( P.f.=274.4 and P.i.=282.6 cells). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]