Search

The article states that general practice nurses must acquire the ability to interpret data from intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (Flash) usage, which is substantial progress in managing type 2 diabetes. It highlights that with the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence's recommendation to expand the use of isCGM, its application extends to a significant primary care population, requiring general practice nurses to acquire proficiency in its utilization.

An optimal design and control technology of a wheel motor is proposed for small electric passenger cars. The axial-flux sandwich-type disc motor is designed with a rotor embedded with neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) magnets and two plates of stators, and is directly mounted inside the wheel without mechanical transmission and differential gears. Sensitivity analyses are performed to choose critical design parameters, which are the most influential in design objectives, to maximize the driving torque, efficiency, rated speed, and to minimize the weight of motor under various constraints of size, materials, and power sources. The optimal driving current waveform is proven to be the same as the fundamental harmonic of the back electromotive force to produce maximum torque with least ripples. The finite-element refinement results in the motor prototype with a maximum torque over 38 kg*m and a corresponding torque density of about 1.72 kg*m/kg at the maximum allowable phase current of 50.25 A (rms). Two such rear driving wheels are able to drive a 600 kg passenger car to accelerate from 0 to 40 km/h in 5 s on a 15 degree incline. This dedicated wheel motor is applicable to pure or hybrid electric vehicles as a promising solution to the direct-driven electric vehicle. Index Terms--Axial-flux wheel motor, electrical vehicle, optimal driving current waveform, sensitivity analysis.

Management of type 2 diabetes has become more challenging over the last few years. This challenge is driven by the new evidence that some of the medication classes in use for type 2 diabetes offer benefits over and above glycaemic lowering alone. In February 2022, NICE published updated guidance on the management of adults (aged 18 years and over) with type 2 diabetes. Whilst amendments have been made to the sections on individualised care, managing blood glucose levels (including individualising targets) and managing complications, the most significant recommendation changes are regarding first-line drug treatments, reviewing therapy and treatment options if further interventions are needed. In this article, the author provides an in-depth review of the updated NG28 guideline and the changes that have been made, with particular focus on the medication changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides information to practice nurses on the management of glucose level in patients with diabetes in Great Britain. Aside from monitoring glycated hemoglobin control (HbA1c) level, patients are encouraged to do self-monitoring of blood sugar (SMBG) in order to establish pattern management. The factors influencing blood glucose levels are food intake, exercise, stress, illness or infection, timing of insulin to food , injection technique and other medications.

In 2010, the European Union adopted the "Council Directive 2010/32/EU Implementing the Framework Agreement on Prevention from Sharps Injuries in the Hospital and Healthcare Sector". Member states of the EU have until 11 May 2013 to implement the directive into national legislation. This article examines the issues concerning needlestick injuries and the recent publication of "Safety of sharps in diabetes recommendations". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is estimated that approximately 800 000 people in the UK use injectable therapies to treat their diabetes (Forum for Injection Technique, 2010). Injectable agents, both old and new, rely for optimal effect on the correct dose being injected at the right site, using the right technique every time. This article explains the importance of correct injection technique and how it may be achieved. Choice of injection site, optimal needle length, possible use of skin folds and rotation of injection sites are discussed, as are the consequences of incorrect injection technique, including lipohypertrophy. The development of the first UK recommendations to promote best practice in injection technique for all healthcare professionals involved in diabetes care and the education of people with diabetes is outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2008, Somerset was faced with an estimated undiagnosed prevalence of diabetes of 21%. With a growing population, inconsistent service delivery models across the county and a high reliance on secondary care clinics to provide routine care, diabetes was identified for a service redesign. This new service model was commissioned by the PCT and GP consortium. The GP consortium was made up of all 75 practices within Somerset. The new service was launched in April 2010 and has just completed a successful, if not challenging, first year. This article outlines the process of redesigning the diabetes service and shares the positive outcomes and challenges at each stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An optimal design and control technology of a wheel motor is proposed for small electric passenger cars. The axial-flux sandwich-type disc motor is designed with a rotor embedded with neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) magnets and two plates of stators, and is directly mounted inside the wheel without mechanical transmission and differential gears. Sensitivity analyses are performed to choose critical design parameters, which are the most influential in design objectives, to maximize the driving torque, efficiency, rated speed, and to minimize the weight of motor under various constraints of size, materials, and power sources. The optimal driving current waveform is proven to be the same as the fundamental harmonic of the back electromotive force to produce maximum torque with least ripples. The finite-element refinement results in the motor prototype with a maximum torque over 38 kg·m and a corresponding torque density of about 1.72 kg·m/kg at the maximum allowable phase current of 50.25 A (rms). Two such rear driving wheels are able to drive a 600 kg passenger car to accelerate from 0 to 40 km/h in 5 s on a 15 degree incline. This dedicated wheel motor is applicable to pure or hybrid electric vehicles as a promising solution to the direct-driven electric vehicle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]