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The aim of this project is to combine the research work done so far on vehicle navigation and mobile data networks for vehicle-to-network applications. With this, autonomous vehicles would be able to choose a route from predefined starting and destination points, that assure to them the minimum data rate requirements across the route for the target level of autonomy in the driving. For this we propose two algorithms. The first one is an autonomous car-oriented algorithm that aims at maximizing the number of Autonomous Vehicles that can travel at the same time. The second one is an operator-oriented algorithm that allows the network to maintain as much as possible communication resources at the Base Stations that would be ready to use for other mobile services. A comparison between both algorithms is also presented in order to determine which algorithm would be a better fit for each use case of autonomous driving., El objetivo de este proyecto es combinar la investigación hecha hasta ahora en navegación de vehículos y la investigación en redes de datos móviles para aplicaciones vehicle-to-network. Con esto, los vehículos autónomos podrían escoger una ruta, a partir de un origen y un destino predefinidos, que les asegurase la mínima tasa de datos requerida para el nivel de autonomía de la conducción requerido. Para esto proponemos dos algoritmos. El primero es un algoritmo orientado al coche autónomo que pretende maximizar el número de coches autónomos que pueden viajar al mismo tiempo. El segundo es un algoritmo orientado al operador que permite a la red mantener en la medida de lo posible recursos de comunicaciones en las estaciones base que pueden ser usados por otros servicios móviles. Una comparación entre los dos algoritmos es presentada para determinar que algoritmo resulta mejor en cada caso específico de conducción autónoma., L'objectiu d'aquest projecte és combinar la recerca feta fins ara en navegació en vehicles i les xarxes de dades mòbils per a aplicacions vehicle-to-network. Amb això, els vehicles autònoms series capaços d'escollir una ruta a partir d'uns punts d'inici i fi predefinits que els assegurés la mínima velocitat de dades a través de tota la ruta per un nivell d'autonomia vehicular específic. Per això proposem dos algoritmes. El primer és un algoritme orientat al cotxe autònom que pretén maximitzar el número de vehicles autònoms que poden circular al mateix temps. El segon és un algoritme orientat a l'operador que permet a la xarxa mantenir, en la mesura del possible, recursos de comunicacions a les estacions base que podrien ser utilitzats per altres serveis mòbils. Una comparació entre els dos algoritmes també es presenta per tal de determinar quin algoritme és millor car a cada cas específic de conducció autònoma.

Visible Light Communications (VLC) is a candidate technology that complements the benefits of radio communication networks, particularly in those situations where a low-cost solution using license-free spectrum is required to enable ultra-dense deployments of indoor small cells. However, the main drawback that VLC has when compared to wireless communications on RF bands is that, in presence of obstacles between the transmitter and the receiver, full-blockage events are likely to happen as the power received on reflections is much weaker than the power of the blocked line-of-sight link. In this paper, we take advantage of this phenomenon and study the effect that different activities performed by people in the service area to-be-monitored have on the Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ) signaling of the VLC link. Based on the presented experimental studies, it is possible to conclude that different relevant events are able to be detected correctly according to the statistics of the ARQ signaling that is collected from the ongoing VLC transmission., This work received funding from the Catalan Government under Grants 2017-SGR-00891 and 2017-SGR-01479, and the Spanish ministry of science and innovation under project IRENE PID2020-115323RB-C31 (AEI/FEDER,UE), and is based upon work from COST Action CA19111 NEWFOCUS, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science & Tech.), Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

Nowadays, telecommunications systems have become a very powerful technology. The ability to be connected to the Internet anywhere on the planet, by simply unlocking a mobile phone, has revolutionized the in which we all live. 5G is arriving with a whole new set of applications (e.g., IoT, connected car, smart cities, augmented reality, etc.). In the near future, it will be necessary to implement a more comprehensive wireless system to satisfy the requirements of our society. Visible Light Communications (VLC) is a candidate technology for the next generation of wireless systems, particularly in those situations where a low-cost solution and the license-free spectrum require enabling ultra-dense deployments of small cells indoors. The major shortcoming of VLC is the large drop in power when an element blocks the line-of-sight between transmitter and receiver. To address this, different Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) protocols have been implemented in a software-defined testbed to ensure a proper reception of the information. Also, the ARQ signalling was used to enable a VLC-based monitoring system, without the need to deploy additional monitor sensors., Hoy en día, las telecomunicaciones se han convertido en una tecnología muy potente. La habilidad de estar conectado a Internet en cualquier parte del mundo, simplemente desbloqueando el teléfono móvil, ha revolucionado el mundo en el que vivimos. El 5G está llegando con muchas más aplicaciones como, por ejemplo: IoT, el coche conectado, ciudades inteligentes, realidad augmentada, etc. En un futuro próximo, será necesario implementar sistemas sin hilos mas completos para satisfacer los requerimientos de nuestra sociedad. La comunicación por luz visible (VLC) es una tecnología candidata para la próxima generación de sistemas inalámbricos, particularmente en esas situaciones donde una solución de bajo coste i en espectro frecuencial libre de licencia permiten desplegar grandes densidades de peques celdas en interiores. El principal defecto de VLC es la gran caída de potencia cuando un elemento bloque la línea de visión entra transmisor y receptor. Es por eso, que se han implementado diferentes protocolos de control de errores (ARQ) con un software definido por radio para asegurar la correcta recepción de la información. También, la señalización del ARQ ha sido utilizada para habilitar un sistema de monitorización basado en VLC, sin la necesidad de desplegar sensores adicionales., Avui en dia, les telecomunicacions s?han convertit en una tecnologia molt potent. La habilitat d?estar connectat a Internet a qualsevol part del planeta, simplement desbloquejant el telèfon mòbil, ha revolucionat el mon en el que vivim. El 5G està arribant amb moltes més aplicacions com ara IoT, cotxe connectat, ciutats intel·ligents, realitat augmentada, etc. En un futur pròxim, serà necessari implementar sistemes sense fils més complets per satisfer els requeriments de la nostra societat. La comunicació amb llum visible (VLC) es una tecnologia candidata per la pròxima generació de sistemes inal·làmbrics, particularment en aquelles situacions on una solució de baix cost i el espectre freqüencial lliure de llicencia permeten desplegar grans densitat de petites cel·les en interiors. El principal desavantatge de VLC es la gran caiguda de potencia quan un element bloqueja la línia de visió entre transmissor i receptor. Per això, s?han implementat diferents protocols de control d?errors (ARQ) amb un software definit per radio per assegurar la correcta recepció de la informació. També, la senyalització del ARQ ha estat utilitzada per habilitar un sistema de monitorització basat en VLC, sense la necessitat de desplegar cap altre sensor.

Telecom operators are constantly searching for solutions to deal with notable growths on the data demand. One of these options consists in predicting the popularity of content to-be-requested by the subscribers on a daily basis, and store them in advance on the 5G edge nodes during the off-peak hours. To perform this placement, point-to-point optical terrestrial links are conventionally used, transmitting the same content in parallel from the operators' servers to the 5G edge nodes. One simple way to reduce this placing time consists in offloading the terrestrial (optical) network, by multi-casting over satellite (radio) the most popular content. This way, top-ranked files are transmitted only once by the satellite node, and can be received by all 5G edge nodes in coverage range. To implement the satellite segment of such hybrid backhaul solution, two options are considered: A small-sized constellation of low-cost LEO satellites with sporadic contacts with ground points, and a single high-cost GEO satellite that enables continuous pan-European connectivity regardless the location. Simulation results show that the placing time can be notably reduced using the proposed hybrid terrestrial-satellite backhauling. More precisely, the use of few LEO satellites can provide a placing time reduction that is similar to the one with GEO, even though the implementation and operational costs can be much lower with LEOs than with a GEO., This work has received funding from the Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities of Spain under Project TERESA-TEC2017-90093-C3-1-R (AEI/FEDER, UE), the Catalan government under grant 2017-SGR-01479, the ERC Advanced Grant 695614 (POWVER), and the DFG Grant 389792660 as part of TRR 248., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (author's final draft)

Visible light communication (VLC) often suffers from line-of-sight path blockages and high levels of inter-cell interference. Thus, the analysis and design of cooperation techniques become crucial to address these key impairments. This paper studies the performance of different resource allocation schemes that are suitable for multi-cell cooperative transmission when tri- and tetra-chromatic light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and optical orthogonal frequency-division multiple access are utilized. Firstly, guidelines are derived for maintaining the same spatial distribution of the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) in every sector of the multi-cell environment in case of stand-alone (non-cooperative) and cooperative transmission. Secondly, the possible resource allocation configurations for both stand-alone and cooperative transmission modes are identified for different LED types and available orthogonal resources (i.e., frequency sub-bands per color and sectors per cell). Finally, the data rate gain of the multiple resource allocation configurations are also analyzed, while verifying the illumination constraints. The obtained results confirm that the proper design of cooperative transmission configurations will be of paramount importance to provide reliable wireless link in ultra-dense VLC deployments., This work has been partially funded by the Spanish MECD FPU fellowship program granted to the author B. Genovés Guzmán, the Catalan Government under Grant 2017-SGR1479, and the Spanish Government under the national project ‘TERESA-ADA’ with ID no. TEC2017-90093-C3-2-R and TEC2017-90093-C3-1-R (MINECO/AEI/FEDER, UE)., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (author's final draft)