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763 results on '"Doughty, R."'

1. Modeling Global Vegetation Gross Primary Productivity, Transpiration and Hyperspectral Canopy Radiative Transfer Simultaneously Using a Next Generation Land Surface Model—CliMA Land

Author

Wang, Y, Braghiere, RK, Longo, M, Norton, AJ, Köhler, P, Doughty, R, Yin, Y, Bloom, AA, and Frankenberg, C

Subjects
Earth Sciences, Geoinformatics, GPP, hyperspectral, land surface model, remote sensing, SIF, Atmospheric Sciences, Atmospheric sciences
Abstract

Recent progress in satellite observations has provided unprecedented opportunities to monitor vegetation activity at global scale. However, a major challenge in fully utilizing remotely sensed data to constrain land surface models (LSMs) lies in inconsistencies between simulated and observed quantities. For example, gross primary productivity (GPP) and transpiration (T) that traditional LSMs simulate are not directly measurable from space, although they can be inferred from spaceborne observations using assumptions that are inconsistent with those LSMs. In comparison, canopy reflectance and fluorescence spectra that satellites can detect are not modeled by traditional LSMs. To bridge these quantities, we presented an overview of the next generation land model developed within the Climate Modeling Alliance (CliMA), and simulated global GPP, T, and hyperspectral canopy radiative transfer (RT; 400–2,500 nm for reflectance, 640–850 nm for fluorescence) at hourly time step and 1° spatial resolution using CliMA Land. CliMA Land predicts vegetation indices and outgoing radiances, including solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), enhanced vegetation index (EVI), and near infrared reflectance of vegetation (NIRv) for any given sun-sensor geometry. The spatial patterns of modeled GPP, T, SIF, NDVI, EVI, and NIRv correlate significantly with existing data-driven products (mean R2 = 0.777 for 9 products). CliMA Land would be also useful in high temporal resolution simulations, for example, providing insights into when GPP, SIF, and NIRv diverge.

Published
2023

3. A Standards-Based Software Tool to Evaluate the Added Prognostic Value of Biomarkers: A Demonstration With NT-proBNP and Cardiac Troponin-T for Heart Failure Prognosis Within a New Zealand Cohort

Author

Verlyck, M., primary, Zhao, D., additional, Nickerson, D., additional, Edwards, N., additional, Legget, M., additional, Troughton, R., additional, Devlin, G., additional, Richards, M., additional, Doughty, R., additional, Nash, M., additional, Poppe, K., additional, and Gamage, T., additional

Published
2024
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7. Pharmacogenomic Variation in Antiplatelet and Anticoagulant Medication Response: Data from the Multi-Ethnic New Zealand Study of Acute Coronary Syndromes

Author

Earle, N., primary, Pilbrow, A., additional, Poppe, K., additional, Choi, Y., additional, Logue, G., additional, Devlin, G., additional, Gladding, P., additional, Kerr, A., additional, Pera, V., additional, Porter, G., additional, Richards, M., additional, Riddell, C., additional, Stewart, R., additional, Troughton, R., additional, Cameron, V., additional, Legget, M., additional, Rolleston, A., additional, and Doughty, R., additional

Published
2024
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12. Improved estimates of forest cover and loss in the Brazilian Amazon in 2000–2017

Author

Qin, Y, Xiao, X, Dong, J, Zhang, Y, Wu, X, Shimabukuro, Y, Arai, E, Biradar, C, Wang, J, Zou, Z, Liu, F, Shi, Z, Doughty, R, and Moore, B

Abstract

The data, information and knowledge on the tropical forest area and its dynamics in the Brazilian Amazon remain contentious. We use time-series satellite images to quantify annual forest area, loss and gain in the Brazilian Amazon during 2000–2017. We find that forest area was ~15% higher than the estimate by the official Brazilian forest dataset (PRODES), but annual forest-loss rates were twice the PRODES estimates (~0.027 × 106 km2 yr–1 during 2001–2016). Forest-loss rates increased again after 2013. The El Niño and drought year (2015/2016) drove large forest area loss. The cumulative forest-loss area within the protected areas (which include ~50% of forests in the region) was ~11% of the total forest-loss area, which highlights the roles of protected areas in forest conservation.

Published
2019

13. Spatiotemporal Consistency of Four Gross Primary Production Products and Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence in Response to Climate Extremes Across CONUS in 2012

Author

Wu, X, Xiao, X, Zhang, Y, He, W, Wolf, S, Chen, J, He, M, Gough, CM, Qin, Y, Zhou, Y, Doughty, R, and Blanken, PD

Subjects
gross primary production, C-3 and C-4 cropland, solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence, vegetation photosynthesis model, spring warming, drought, Geophysics
Abstract

Large spatial-scale effects of climate extremes on gross primary production (GPP), the largest terrestrial carbon flux, are highly uncertain even as these extremes increase in frequency and extent. Here we report the impacts of spring warming and summer drought in 2012 on GPP across the contiguous United States (CONUS) using estimates from four GPP models: Vegetation Photosynthesis Model (VPM), MOD17A2H V006, Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach, and Simple Biosphere/Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach. VPM simulations are driven by Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, North American Regional Reanalysis climate data, and C3 and C4 cropland maps from the United States Department of Agriculture Cropland Data Layer data set. Across 25 eddy covariance flux tower sites, GPP estimates from VPM (GPPVPM) showed better accuracy in terms of cross-site variability and interannual variability (R2 = 0.84 and 0.46, respectively) when compared to MOD17 GPP. We further assessed the spatial and temporal (seasonal) consistency between GPP products and the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence over CONUS during 2008–2014. The results suggested that GPPVPM agrees best with solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence across space and time, capturing seasonal dynamics and interannual variations. Anomaly analyses showed that increased GPP during the spring compensated for the reduced GPP during the summer, resulting in near-neutral changes in annual GPP for the CONUS. This study demonstrates the importance of assessing the impacts of different types and timing of climate extremes on GPP and the need to improve light use efficiency models by incorporating C3 and C4 plant functional types.

Published
2018

14. Increasing Fire Activity in African Tropical Forests Is Associated With Deforestation and Climate Change.

Author

Wimberly, M. C., Wanyama, D., Doughty, R., Peiro, H., and Crowell, S.

Subjects
FOREST fires, FIRE management, WILDFIRES, TROPICAL forests, MODIS (Spectroradiometer), EL Nino, DEFORESTATION, CLIMATE change
Abstract

Fires were historically rare in tropical forests of West and Central Africa, where dense vegetation, rapid decomposition, and high moisture limit available fuels. However, increasing heat and drought combined with forest degradation and fragmentation are making these areas more susceptible to wildfires. We evaluated historical patterns of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer active fires in African tropical forests from 2003 to 2021. Trends were mostly positive, particularly in the northeastern and southern Congo Basin, and were concentrated in areas with high deforestation. Year‐to‐year variation of fires was synchronized with increasing temperature and vapor pressure deficit. There was anomalously high fire activity across the region during the 2015–2016 El Niño. These results contrast with the drier African woodlands and savannas, where fire has been decreasing. Further attention to fires in African tropical forests is needed to understand their global impacts on carbon dynamics and their local implications for biodiversity and human livelihoods. Plain Language Summary: Fires have historically been rare in the moist tropical forests of West and Central Africa. However, these forests are becoming more vulnerable to fire because climate change is causing higher temperatures and drought stress in the tropics. Human activities such as agriculture, logging, and mining also fragment the remaining forests and make them more susceptible to fire. We used measurements of actively burning fires from Earth observing satellites to study how the amount of fire in African tropical forests has changed from 2003 to 2021. There were several areas with strong trends of increasing fire, mainly in the Congo Basin. In contrast, there were almost no locations where fire was decreasing. The increasing fire trends occurred in locations where deforestation was occurring and climate was becoming warmer and drier. During 2015–2016 global weather patterns caused by an exceptionally strong El Niño event were associated with higher‐than‐normal fire activity throughout the tropical forests in West and Central Africa. Increasing fire is a concern because it can release greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere, reduce the amount of carbon stored in the African tropics, degrade habitats for species that live in tropical forests, and decrease the amounts of wood, food, medicine and other resources that forests provide for humans. Key Points: Active fire detections increased from 2003 to 2021 across Central Africa, with positive fire trends concentrated in the Congo BasinFire increased in areas with high deforestation and the trends were synchronized with increasing temperature and vapor pressure deficitThere was higher‐than‐usual fire activity in tropical African forests associated with the exceptionally strong 2015–2016 El Niño event [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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23. Leveraging CMR for 3D echocardiography: an annotated multimodality dataset for AI

Author

Zhao, D, primary, Ferdian, E, additional, Maso Talou, G D, additional, Gilbert, K, additional, Quill, G M, additional, Wang, V Y, additional, Pedrosa, J, additional, D'hooge, J, additional, Sutton, T, additional, Lowe, B S, additional, Legget, M E, additional, Ruygrok, P N, additional, Doughty, R N, additional, Young, A A, additional, and Nash, M P, additional

Published
2022
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27. Sodium Restriction in Patients With Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Author

Colin-Ramirez, E, Sepehrvand, N, Rathwell, S, Ross, H, Escobedo, J, Macdonald, P, Troughton, R, Saldarriaga, C, Lanas, F, Doughty, R, McAlister, FA, Ezekowitz, JA, Colin-Ramirez, E, Sepehrvand, N, Rathwell, S, Ross, H, Escobedo, J, Macdonald, P, Troughton, R, Saldarriaga, C, Lanas, F, Doughty, R, McAlister, FA, and Ezekowitz, JA

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Sodium restriction is a nonpharmacologic treatment suggested by practice guidelines for the management of patients with heart failure (HF). In this study, we synthesized the data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effects of sodium restriction on clinical outcomes in patients with HF. METHODS: In this aggregate data meta-analysis, Cochrane Central, MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), Embase Ovid, and CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) Plus databases were searched up to April 2, 2022. RCTs were included if they investigated the effects of sodium/salt restriction as compared to no restriction on clinical outcomes in patients with HF. Outcomes of interest included mortality, hospitalization, change in New York Heart Association functional class, and quality of life (QoL). RESULTS: Seventeen RCTs were identified (834 and 871 patients in intervention and control groups, respectively). Sodium restriction did not reduce the risk of all-cause death (odds ratio, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.58-1.58]), hospitalization (odds ratio, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.62-1.13]), or the composite of death/hospitalization (odds ratio, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.63-1.23]). The results were similar in different subgroups, except for the numerically lower risk of death with reduced sodium intake reported in RCTs with dietary sodium at the 2000 to 3000 mg/d range as opposed to <2000 mg/d (and in RCTs with versus without fluid restriction as a co-intervention). Among RCTs reporting New York Heart Association change, 2 RCTs (which accounted for two-thirds of the data) showed improvement in New York Heart Association class with sodium restriction. Substantial heterogeneity existed for QoL: 6 RCTs showed improvement of QoL and 4 RCTs showed no improvement of sodium restriction on QoL. CONCLUSIONS: In a meta-analysis of RCTs, sodium restriction was not associated with fewer deaths or hospitalizations in patients with HF. Dietary sodium re

Published
2022

28. Differing prognostic value of pulse pressure in patients with heart failure with reduced or preserved ejection fraction: results from the MAGGIC individual patient meta-analysis

Author

Jackson, Colette E., Castagno, Davide, Maggioni, Aldo P., Køber, Lars, Squire, Iain B., Swedberg, Karl, Andersson, Bert, Richards, A. Mark, Bayes-Genis, Antoni, Tribouilloy, Christophe, Dobson, Joanna, Ariti, Cono A., Poppe, Katrina K., Earle, Nikki, Whalley, Gillian, Pocock, Stuart J., Doughty, Robert N., McMurray, John J.V., Berry, C., Doughty, R., Granger, C., Køber, L., Massie, B., McAlister, F., McMurray, J., Pocock, S., Poppe, K., Swedberg, K., Somaratne, J., Whalley, G., Ahmed, A., Andersson, B., Bayes-Genis, A., Berry, C., Cowie, M., Cubbon, R., Doughty, R., Ezekowitz, J., Gonzalez-Juanatey, J., Gorini, M., Gotsman, I., Grigorian-Shamagian, L., Guazzi, M., Kearney, M., Køber, L., Komajda, M., di Lenarda, A., Lenzen, M., Lucci, D., Macín, S., Madsen, B., Maggioni, A., Martínez-Sellés, M., McAlister, F., Oliva, F., Poppe, K., Rich, M., Richards, M., Senni, M., Squire, I., Taffet, G., Tarantini, L., Tribouilloy, C., Troughton, R., Tsutsui, H., Whalley, G., Doughty, R., Earle, N., Gamble, G.D., Poppe, K., Whalley, G., Ariti, C., Dobson, J., Pocock, S., Poppe, K., Doughty, R.N., Whalley, G., Andersson, B., Hall, C., Richards, A.M., Troughton, R., Lainchbury, J., Berry, C., Hogg, K., Norrie, J., Stevenson, K., Brett, M., McMurray, J., Pfeffer, M.A., Swedberg, K., Granger, C.B., Held, P., McMurray, J.J.V., Michelson, E.L., Olofsson, B., Östergren, J., Yusuf, S., Køber, L., Torp-Pedersen, C., Lenzen, M.J., Scholte op Reimer, W.J.M., Boersma, E., Vantrimpont, P.J.M.J., Follath, F., Swedberg, K., Cleland, J., Komajda, M., Gotsman, I., Zwas, D., Planer, D., Azaz-Livshits, T., Admon, D., Lotan, C., Keren, A., Grigorian-Shamagian, L., Varela-Roman, A., Mazón-Ramos, P., Rigeiro-Veloso, P., Bandin-Dieguez, M.A., Gonzalez-Juanatey, J.R., Guazzi, M., Myers, J., Arena, R., McAlister, F.A., Ezekowitz, J., Armstrong, P.W., Cujec, Bibiana, Paterson, Ian, Cowie, M.R., Wood, D.A., Coats, A.J.S., Thompson, S.G., Suresh, V., Poole-Wilson, P.A., Sutton, G.C., Martínez-Sellés, M., Robles, J.A.G., Prieto, L., Muñoa, M.D., Frades, E., Díaz-Castro, O., Almendral, J., Tarantini, L., Faggiano, P., Senni, M., Lucci, D., Bertoli, D., Porcu, M., Opasich, C., Tavazzi, L., Maggioni, A.P., Kirk, V., Bay, M., Parner, J., Krogsgaard, K., Herzog, T.M., Boesgaard, S., Hassager, C., Nielsen, O.W., Aldershvile, J., Nielsen, H., Kober, L., Macín, S.M., Perna, E.R., Cimbaro Canella, J.P., Alvarenga, P., Pantich, R., Ríos, N., Farias, E.F., Badaracco, J.R., Madsen, B.K., Hansen, J.F., Stokholm, K.H., Brons, J., Husum, D., Mortensen, L.S., Bayes-Genis, A., Vazquez, R., Puig, T., Fernandez-Palomeque, C., Bardají, A., Pascual-Figal, D., Ordoñez-Llanos, J., Valdes, M., Gabarrus, A., Pavon, R., Pastor, L., Gonzalez-Juanatey, J.R., Almendral, J., Fiol, M., Nieto, V., Macaya, C., Cinca, J., Cygankiewitz, I., Bayes de Luna, A., Newton, J.D., Blackledge, H.M., Squire, I.B., Wright, S.P., Whalley, G.A., Doughty, R.N., Kerzner, R., Gage, B.F., Freedland, K.E., Rich, M.W., Huynh, B.C., Rovner, A., Freedland, K.E., Carney, R.M., Rich, M.W., Taffet, G.E., Teasdale, T.A., Bleyer, A.J., Kutka, N.J., Luchi, R.J., Tribouilloy, C., Rusinaru, D., Mahjoub, H., Soulière, V., Lévy, F., Peltier, M., Tsutsui, H., Tsuchihashi, M., Takeshita, A., MacCarthy, P.A., Kearney, M.T., Nolan, J., Lee, A.J., Prescott, R.J., Shah, A.M., Brooksby, W.P., Fox, K.A.A., Varela-Roman, A., Gonzalez-Juanatey, J.R., Basante, P., Trillo, R., Garcia-Seara, J., Martinez-Sande, J.L., and Gude, F.

Published
2015
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29. Heart failure in younger patients: the Meta-analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure (MAGGIC)

Author

Wong, Chih M., Hawkins, Nathaniel M., Petrie, Mark C., Jhund, Pardeep S., Gardner, Roy S., Ariti, Cono A., Poppe, Katrina K., Earle, Nikki, Whalley, Gillian A., Squire, Iain B., Doughty, Robert N., McMurray, John J.V., Berry, C., Doughty, R., Granger, C., Køber, L., Massie, B., McAlister, F., McMurray, J., Pocock, S., Poppe, K., Swedberg, K., Somaratne, J., Whalley, G., Ahmed, A., Andersson, B., Bayes-Genis, A., Berry, C., Cowie, M., Cubbon, R., Doughty, R., Ezekowitz, J., Gonzalez-Juanatey, J., Gorini, M., Gotsman, I., Grigorian-Shamagian, L., Guazzi, M., Kearney, M., Køber, L., Komajda, M., di Lenarda, A., Lenzen, M., Lucci, D., Macín, S., Madsen, B., Maggioni, A., Martínez-Sellés, M., McAlister, F., Oliva, F., Poppe, K., Rich, M., Richards, M., Senni, M., Squire, I., Taffet, G., Tarantini, L., Tribouilloy, C., Troughton, R., Tsutsui, H., Whalley, G., Doughty, R., Earle, N., Gamble, G.D., Poppe, K., Whalley, G., Ariti, C., Dobson, J., Pocock, S., Poppe, K., Doughty, R.N., Whalley, G., Andersson, B., Hall, C., Richards, A.M., Troughton, R., Lainchbury, J., Berry, C., Hogg, K., Norrie, J., Stevenson, K., Brett, M., McMurray, J., Pfeffer, M.A., Swedberg, K., Granger, C.B., Held, P., McMurray, J.J.V., Michelson, E.L., Olofsson, B., Östergren, J., Yusuf, S., Køber, L., Torp-Pedersen, C., Ahmed, Ali, Lenzen, M.J., Scholte op Reimer, W.J.M., Boersma, E., Vantrimpont, P.J.M.J., Follath, F., Swedberg, K., Cleland, J., Komajda, M., Gotsman, I., Zwas, D., Planer, D., Azaz-Livshits, T., Admon, D., Lotan, C., Keren, A., Grigorian-Shamagian, L., Varela-Roman, A., Mazón-Ramos, P., Rigeiro-Veloso, P., Bandin-Dieguez, M.A., Gonzalez-Juanatey, J.R., Guazzi, M., Myers, J., Arena, R., McAlister, F.A., Ezekowitz, J., Armstrong, P.W., Cujec, Bibiana, Paterson, Ian, Cowie, M.R., Wood, D.A., Coats, A.J.S., Thompson, S.G., Suresh, V., Poole-Wilson, P.A., Sutton, G.C., Martínez-Sellés, M., Robles, J.A.G., Prieto, L., Muñoa, M.D., Frades, E., Díaz-Castro, O., Almendral, J., Tarantini, L., Faggiano, P., Senni, M., Lucci, D., Bertoli, D., Porcu, M., Opasich, C., Tavazzi, L., Maggioni, A.P., Kirk, V., Bay, M., Parner, J., Krogsgaard, K., Herzog, T.M., Boesgaard, S., Hassager, C., Nielsen, O.W., Aldershvile, J., Nielsen, H., Kober, L., Macín, S.M., Perna, E.R., Cimbaro Canella, J.P., Alvarenga, P., Pantich, R., Ríos, N., Farias, E.F., Badaracco, J.R., Madsen, B.K., Hansen, J.F., Stokholm, K.H., Brons, J., Husum, D., Mortensen, L.S., Bayes-Genis, A., Vazquez, R., Puig, T., Fernandez-Palomeque, C., Bardají, A., Pascual-Figal, D., Ordoñez-Llanos, J., Valdes, M., Gabarrus, A., Pavon, R., Pastor, L., Gonzalez-Juanatey, J.R., Almendral, J., Fiol, M., Nieto, V., Macaya, C., Cinca, J., Bayes de Luna, A., Newton, J.D., Blackledge, H.M., Squire, I.B., Wright, S.P., Whalley, G.A., Doughty, R.N., Kerzner, R., Gage, B.F., Freedland, K.E., Rich, M.W., Huynh, B.C., Rovner, A, Freedland, KE, Carney, RM, Rich, MW, Taffet, GE, Teasdale, T.A., Bleyer, A.J., Kutka, N.J., Luchi, R.J., Tribouilloy, C., Rusinaru, D., Mahjoub, H., Soulière, V., Lévy, F., Peltier, M., Tsutsui, H., Tsuchihashi, M., Takeshita, A., MacCarthy, P.A., Kearney, M.T., Nolan, J., Lee, A.J., Prescott, R.J., Shah, A.M., Brooksby, W.P., Fox, K.A.A., Varela-Roman, A., Gonzalez-Juanatey, J.R., Basante, P., Trillo, R., Garcia-Seara, J., Martinez-Sande, J.L., and Gude, F.

Published
2014
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37. A meta-analysis of echocardiographic measurements of the left heart for the development of normative reference ranges in a large international cohort: the EchoNoRMAL study

Author

Doughty, R. N., Gardin, J. M., Hobbs, F. D. R., McMurray, J. J. V., Nagueh, S. F., Poppe, K. K., Senior, R., Thomas, L., Whalley, G. A., Aune, E., Brown, A., Badano, L. P., Cameron, V., Chadha, D. S., Chahal, N., Chien, K. L., Daimon, M., Dalen, H., Detrano, R., Akif Duzenli, M., Ezekowitz, J., de Simone, G., Di Pasquale, P., Fukuda, S., Gill, P. S., Grossman, E., Hobbs, F. D. R., Kim, H. –K., Kuznetsova, T., Leung, N. K. W., Linhart, A., McDonagh, T. A., McGrady, M., McMurray, J. J. V., Mill, J. G., Mogelvang, R., Muiesan, M. L., Ng, A. C. T., Ojji, D., Otterstad, J. E., Petrovic, D. J., Poppe, K. K., Prendergast, B., Rietzschel, E., Schirmer, H., Schvartzman, P., Senior, R., Simova, I., Sliwa, K., Stewart, S., Squire, I. B., Takeuchi, M., Thomas, L., Whalley, G. A., Altman, D., Perera, R., Poppe, K. K., Triggs, C. M., Au Yeung, H., Beans Picón, G. A., Poppe, K. K., and Whalley, G. A.

Published
2014
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48. Ecocritique as Transnational Commons

Author

de la Garza, A, Shaw, D, Doughty, R, Cubitt, S, de la Garza, A, Shaw, D, Doughty, R, and Cubitt, S

Abstract

This book marks the 10th anniversary of the Routledge journal Transnational Cinemas, and its renaming to Transnational Screens.

Published
2020

49. Analysis of some improved blade tip concepts

Author

Prakash, C., Lee, C.P., Cherry, D.G., Doughty, R., and Wadia, A.R.

Subjects
Fluid dynamics -- Analysis, Gas-turbines -- Design and construction, Blades -- Usage, Science and technology
Abstract

Over tip leakage in high-pressure turbines contributes to aerodynamic losses and migration of hot gasses towards the tip resulting in increased thermal distress. Consequently, turbine designers continue to search for improved blade tip concepts that offer the promise of reducing tip leakage. The present paper deals with the computational fluid dynamics analyses of some such tip configurations. The geometries, patented by GE, are variants of a conventional squealer tip and include (i) a pressure side tip shelf with vertical squealer tip wall and (ii) a pressure side tip shelf with an inclined squealer tip wall. It is found that the inclined shelf results in separation of flow leaking over the tip, resulting in reduced leakage and improved efficiency. The inclined shelf also shows a reduced efficiency derivative with clearance.

Published
2006

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