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Objective To investigate the effect of endotracheal suctioning method using suctioning sputum with suctioning salivary tube in patients with craniocerebral injury undergoing tracheotomy. Methods A randomized controlled trial was conducted in 106 patients with traumatic brain injury after tracheotomy who met the inclusion criteria. According to the random number table method, they were divided into two groups, with 53 cases in each group. The experimental group was treated with endotracheal suctioning method using sputum suction tube combined with sputum suction tube, while the control group was treated with routine sputum suction method using sputum suction tube . The secretion severity grade under electronic laryngoscope swallowing function assessment (FEES) before and after sputum aspiration was compared between the two groups. The number of sputum aspiration, blood oxygen saturation and heart rate changes at 1 minute before and after sputum aspiration were observed in the two groups at 1, 3 and 7 days after admission. The mucosal damage under electronic hose bronchoscopy was observed in the two groups at 1, 3 and 7 days after admission. Results The severity of FEES was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group (P

Objective: Aimed to systematically evaluate the therapeutic and rehabilitative effects of bundled care on patients with cerebral hemorrhage complicated by pulmonary infection in China. Methods: Relevant literature was retrieved from multiple databases and original studies investigated the efficacy of bundled care in managing cerebral hemorrhage complicated by pulmonary infection were included. Data analysis was conducted using Meta-analysis software (RevMan 5.3 and Stata 17.0). The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias. Sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the robustness of the results. Funnel plot, Begg and Egger test were conducted to assess the presence of publication bias. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023475738). Results: Twelve studies involving 1049 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that bundled care significantly reduced the duration of antibiotic use and pulmonary infection (SMD = -0.77), reduced the duration of tracheal intubation (MD = -5.35), and shortened hospital stay (MD = -6.30). The effective rate of treatment (OR = 8.39), satisfaction degree (OR = 5.65), anxiety (MD = -4.52) and depression scores (MD = -4.38), and quality of life scores (MD = 11.75) were improved after bundled care intervention compared to routine care. Assessment of publication bias showed no significant evidence of publication bias. Conclusions: Bundled care can significantly shorten the duration of illness treatment and hospital stay of patients with cerebral hemorrhage complicated by pulmonary infection, improve treatment effectiveness and satisfaction degree, alleviate anxiety and depression, and promote the improvement of quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Clinical evidence supports that swallowing function is correlated with cognition, but the neurobiological mechanism associated with cognitive impairment and dysphagia remains unclear. Objectives: To compare the brain activation patterns of the swallowing and the cognitive tasks and explore neural associations between swallowing and cognitive function via task‐related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods: A total of 13 healthy older adults (aged > 60 years) were recruited. Participants underwent the clinical dementia rating (CDR) test and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). A block‐designed task‐related fMRI study was conducted where each participant completed both swallowing and cognitive tasks within a single session. During the swallowing task, participants swallowed 2 mL of thickened water, while the Stroop Colour Word Test (SCWT) served as the cognitive task. First‐level analysis of swallowing time‐series images utilised the general linear model (GLM) with Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM), applying a voxel threshold of p < 0.001 for significance. Common activations in brain regions during swallowing and cognitive tasks were extracted at the group level, with significance set at p < 0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons using the false discovery rate (FDR), with a minimum cluster size of 20 voxels. Correlation analysis between behavioural measurements and imaging signals was also conducted. Results: Some regions were commonly activated in both task networks; these regions were the bilateral occipital lobe, cerebellum, lingual gyrus, fusiform, middle frontal gyrus, precentral and postcentral gyrus, right supramarginal and inferior parietal lobe. Most importantly, the average beta value of cognitive and swallowing tasks in these areas are both significantly negative related to the MoCA score. Furthermore, opposite signal changes were seen in the bilateral prefrontal lobes during the swallowing task, while positive activation in the bilateral prefrontal lobes was observed during the SCWT. Postcentral gyrus activation was more extensive than precentral gyrus activation in the swallowing task. Conclusion: The common activation of swallowing and cognitive tasks had multiple foci. The activity of cognitive and swallowing task in these areas is significantly negative correlated with the MoCA score. These findings may help to illustrate the association between dysphagia and cognitive impairment due to the common brain regions involved in cognition and swallowing and may provide a reference for further rehabilitation of dysphagia. Trial Registration: Clinical Trial: (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry): ChiCTR1900021795 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to investigate brain activation and functional network patterns during musical interventions in different frequency bands using functional near‐infrared spectroscopy, and to provide a basis for more effective music therapy strategy selection for patients in minimally conscious state (MCS). Twenty six MCS patients and 20 healthy people were given music intervention with low frequency (31–180 Hz), medium frequency (180–4k Hz), and high frequency (4k–22k Hz) audio. In MCS patients, low frequency music intervention induced activation of left prefrontal cortex and left primary sensory cortex (S1), also a left‐hemisphere lateralization effect of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). And the functional connectivity of right DLPFC‐right S1 was significantly improved by high frequency music intervention. The low frequency and high frequency music may contribute more than medium frequency music to the recovery of consciousness. This study also validated the effectiveness of fNIRS in studies of brain function in MCS patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Post‐stroke dysphagia (PSD), a common and serious disease, affects the quality of life of many patients and their families. Electroacupuncture (EA) has been commonly used effectively in the treatment of PSD, but the therapeutic mechanism is still under exploration at present. We aim to investigate the effect of the nucleus tractus solitarus (NTS) on the treatment of PSD by EA at Lianquan (CV23) through the primary motor cortex (M1). Methods: C57 male mice were used to construct a PSD mouse model using photothrombotic technique, and the swallowing function was evaluated by electromyography (EMG) recording. C‐Fos‐positive neurons and types of neurons in the NTS were detected by immunofluorescence. Optogenetics and chemical genetics were used to regulate the NTS, and the firing rate of neurons was recorded via multichannel recording. Results: The results showed that most of the activated neurons in the NTS were excitatory neurons, and multichannel recording indicated that the activity levels of both pyramidal neurons and interneurons in the NTS were regulated by M1. This process was involved in the EA treatment. Furthermore, while chemogenetic inhibition of the NTS reduced the EMG signal associated with the swallowing response induced by activation of M1 in PSD mice, EA rescued this signal. Conclusion: Overall, the NTS was shown to participate in the regulation of PSD by EA at CV23 through M1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]