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INTRODUCTION. Cholelithiasis is a disease occurring very often and affects people of all ages, occurs in both young people as well as in the elderly. Due to such a high incidence of this disease every nurse should be able to identify nursing problems occurring in a patient before and after surgery to remove the gallbladder and be able to solve them. PURPOSE. The aim of the study was to analyze the tasks of nurses and use of ICNP® in the care of the patient after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS. In a study on 12.10.2018 r. And 11.12.2018 r. The method used was an individual case. Were used research techniques such as documentation analysis, interview, measurement, observation. Meetings were held in Lublin, the Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 4. Person test was 58 - year-old woman after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The study used research tools such as card individualized nursing care developed by the staff of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Barthel Index, Scale Norton, Fagerström test, according to test. Starzyńska, test by checking their knowledge about the disease and skills in preparation for self-care after leaving the hospital, criteria for the categories of care and VAS. RESULTS. As a result of careful analysis of the health situation of the patient lists 11 negative diagnoses based on classifications ICNP. Also developed a plan of nursing care. CONCLUSIONS.The patient after laparoscopic cholecystectomy requires medical care, nursing, rehabilitation, preventive education and for faster recovery and eliminate complications.

Introduction. The most important principle of long-term care is the complexity of activities performed and supervised by a nurse. Due to the large deficit of nurses on the labor market and the insufficient level of their qualifications, ensuring professional performance of nursing tasks is difficult. Often, such care is required in patients who have had an ischemic stroke. Purpose. The aim of the study was to determine the scope of nursing activities towards a patient after an ischemic stroke in long-term care conditions. Material and methods. In the study conducted on 1.12.2018 and 2.12.2018, the individual case method was used research techniques such as: documentation analysis, interview, measurement, observation were used. The meetings took place in a home environment. The examined patient was a 66-year-old man after an ischemic stroke. The study used research tools such as: Personalized nursing care card developed by employees of the Faculty of Health Sciences of the Medical University of Lublin, Barthel Scale, Glasgow Scale, Norton Scale, BMI Index, Scale of assessment of basic everyday activities ADL, Own test checking the patient's knowledge / guardian, Criteria for care category and VAS Scale. Results. As a result of a thorough analysis of the patient's health situation, three positive and nine negative diagnoses were specified. A nursing care plan has also been developed. Conclusions. A patient after ischemic stroke who is qualified for long-term care requires holistic care and nursing due to a significant deficit of self-care. Keywords: nursing care, patient, stroke, long-term care.

Introduction and aim of the study. More than half of ischemic strokes occur above the age of 65, so a stroke is above all a disease of an old age. The problem of a stroke is crucial, because apart from a high mortality rate it also entails a disability. The aim of the study was to determine the scope of nursing care for the patient after an ischemic stroke. Methods and materials. The study was based on the case study method with the use of the following research techniques: documentation analysis, an interview, measurement and observation. Moreover, the study tools applied comprised: an individualized nursing care plan, Barthel Scale, Glasgow Scale, Dutch Scale, the authors’ own test examining the patient’s knowledge. Criteria for the care categories. Findings. After the interview, the biopsychosocial status of the patient was assessed. Nursing diagnoses were made using the empirical data for this purpose. Conclusions. The sudden occurrence of the disease, hospitalization and lack of support from relatives is a difficult and critical situation for the patient, and it disturbs normal functioning in all spheres: biological, psychological and a social one.

Introduction Ischemic stroke is caused by artery blockage, resulting in damage to brain tissue. A significant factor in the further treatment of a patient is not only the time to reach a specialist centre, but also the state of hydration of the organism. Clinical situations involving the excess or deficiency of water can have extremely serious consequences for the functioning of the body and subsequent stroke-related disorders. One of the increasingly common methods of evaluating the composition of the human body is by electrical bioimpedance. Objective The aim of the study was to assess the state of human body hydration measured by bioimpedance in patients with an early stage of ischemic stroke. Material and methods The examination involved 81 patients with ischemic stroke in the Neurology Department, Subdivision of Stroke Treatment at the Province Specialist Hospital in Lublin, Poland, in 2015. Measurement of the composition and outer and intracellular space of the human body by the Whole Body Bioimpedance (WBIA) method was performed using the Body Composition Monitor (BCM) (Fresenius Medical Care GmbH, Bad Homburg, Germany). Results A group of patients were been examined with the use of the BIA apparatus three times: on the first, seventh, and tenth day of hospital stay, to determine the level of body hydration. Comparative analysis of data showed that on the first day of hospitalization all the measurements of electrical bioimpedance parameters in the patients were significantly different from those of the control group. In the case of TBW, ECW, ICW, the patients’ scores were significantly higher than those of the control group. Only with respect to the over-hydration index, the patients achieved a significantly lower score than the control group. Conclusions Assessment of hydration status in patients with a diagnosed stroke indicates a slight dehydration in relation to the control group, but falling within the scope of normovolaemia, according to bioimpedance measurement standards.

Introduction A factor that conditions the perception of the quality of life (QoL) is having a social network and relationships within it. The quality of life of seniors is assumed to be at a higher level if they are surrounded by those close to them in comparison to those living alone. The aim of the study was to assess differences in the quality of life of elderly rural residents depending on their family status. Material and methods Due to the random and mixed selection of respondents, the study comprised a group of 588 representatives living in rural areas of Eastern Poland. The differentiated criterion of the groups of senior respondents was their family situation: living with a family or living alone. Assessment of the quality of life was conducted by means of the WHOQoL-bref questionnaire. The Mann-Whitney tests and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to carry out statistical analysis of the data. Results The respondents who lived with their families differed statistically to a significant extent (p

Infectious diseases, resulting from infection by various microorganisms, are still a current problem of humanity. For decades, they had led to the death of one million people, which was put an end to by the development of vaccinology, leading to a diametrical change in the global epidemiological situation. An epochal event in this process was the invention of vaccinations that significantly reduced the incidence of infectious diseases and even contributed to the almost total eradication of some of them. Vaccine adverse reactions (VARs), despite the continuous development of vaccinology, still constitute a problem. As indicated in a number of studies, their etiology is mainly related to the action mechanism of the vaccine, mistakes in their vaccination technique, as well as systemic pathologies, coexistence of infectious diseases or systemic defects associated with the site of vaccine application. The role of the therapeutic team, consisting of a doctor and nurse employed at the vaccination point, is early detection of contraindications to the technique of vaccination, prevention, as well as initial diagnosis and treatment of VARs. The article presents the basic issues related to the subject of vaccination, with the emphasis on the role of nursing staff in their realization and prevention of vaccine adverse reactions. This should be the basis for intensifying dissemination of knowledge on vaccination, leading to reduction in the incidence of adverse vaccine reactions in patients.

Introduction and purpose of the work. Bronchial asthma is one of the most endangering civilizational diseases of the 21st century. Studies show that the number of patients with bronchial asthma around the world is 300 million and it is constantly increasing. The actions taken by the nurse towards the patient depend on the duration period of the disease and the health condition of the patient, as well as the range of the expected aid. The aim of all those actions is supporting and aiding the patient to gain and sustain an optimal level of functioning with the disease in everyday life. Defining the types of actions that ought to be taken by the nurse towards the patient suffering from bronchial asthma. Material and method. A case study method was applied. A modified guide for collecting patient data was used, the scale according to Dutch Consensus Prevention of Bedsores (CBO), Barthel scale, the ACTTM – Asthma Control Test as well as the author’s test that verifies the patient’s skills and knowledge in the preparation for self-care. Results and conclusions. To reduce the risk of the disease exacerbations the nurse can suggest the patient some methods of the elimination of allergens from the environment as well as introduce and teach her the methods of stress management, because these are the main problems in the patient that can lead to the exacerbation of the disease. The main tasks of the nurse in educating the patient are the eradication of knowledge deficiencies related to the PEF self-control and the elimination of allergens.

Introduction Due to the fact that care about health, where proper eating habits are one of its constituents, exerts a strong impact on both social and economic life of a country, it is not just an individual case of each person, but a public matter. The state of health status is obviously subject to a number of factors. However, the habits and customs with regard to daily habits are of particular importance due to the significance of food for the physical existence of each human body. These habits are formed in childhood and youth, however they undergo modifications throughout the whole life. Quite frequently the possessed knowledge is not a sufficient motivation to make great changes in the manner of eating, thus it does not change the eating habits. The aim of the paper is to determine the level of knowledge of clinic patients, selected at random, on proper eating habits. Materials and methods The research was conducted during the period of January-February 2016 year in a Lublin clinic. The investigation comprised 148 respondents. The method used in the research was a diagnostic survey, and the selected technique was a questionnaire conducted among the respondents, using a birth certificate, an interview and an anthropometric study. The study included 148 persons, who were further divided into two groups: students and workers. The respondents were the inhabitants of Lublin and nearby villages. The survey findings underwent a static programme analysis in Statistica 9.1 software (StatSoft, Poland). Conclusions The identification of nutritional knowledge and dietary behaviours of consumers as well as determination of the level and diversity of their nutritional awareness should become the basis for the preparation of guidelines on the content of broadcasts in order to promote healthy eating habits among consumers of different groups.

Introduction Communication between the physician and the nurse is one of the most important attributes in health care. Skilful organisation of social roles in order to improve patient care is key to effective communication. The division of labour should be assigned to a given person in such a way that the possessed skills minimise errors in the executed activities. In addition, assigning authority by a given organisation so as to identify the best candidate should be chosen consciously, therefore he/she is capable of making decisions in such a way that the patient remains unaffected. The aim of the study Showing the role of interpersonal communication in the relationship between the physician and the nurse in the hospital. Materials and Methods The investigation, using a questionnaire, was conducted in Provincial Specialist Hospital in Lublin in 2016. There were 88 surveys handed out (76 were returned, 2 were rejected due to lack of several answers), out of which seven for each job group underwent pilot studies. The statistical analysis was made using elements of descriptive statistics by calculating measures of cluster: mean, arithmetic, minimum, maximum, measures of dispersion, standard deviation. The connection between different characteristics was verified by means of chi-squared tests. Conclusions The impact of communication and the quality of treatment and care: • More than 93% of the respondents were also satisfied with the mutual relationships with colleagues within the therapeutic team. Only 7% of the examined ones considered their relationship with work colleagues inappropriate. • Almost all the test group agreed with the statement that a suitable relationship between the doctor and the nurse is important. Only single persons disagreed with this thesis or were unable to respond to it.

Guz Ewa, Nalepa Dorota, Czekirda Marta, Brodowicz Magdalena. Funkcja edukacyjna w pielęgniarstwie podstawy do poszukiwania skutecznych rozwiązań logistycznych = Educational function in nursing basics to look for effective logistics solutions. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(8):145-153. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.59993 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3740 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 02.07.2016. Revised 25.07.2016. Accepted: 28.07.2016. Funkcja edukacyjna w pielęgniarstwie podstawy do poszukiwania skutecznych rozwiązań logistycznych Educational function in nursing basics to look for effective logistics solutions Guz Ewa Katedra i Zakład Pielęgniarstwa Neurologicznego Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie Nalepa Dorota Wojewódzki Szpital Specjalistyczny Oddział Neurologii Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie Czekirda Marta Zakład Podstaw Pielęgniarstwa i Dydaktyki Medycznej Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie Brodowicz Magdalena Katedra i Zakład Pielęgniarstwa Pediatrycznego Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie Guz Ewa Katedra i Zakład Pielęgniarstwa Neurologicznego 20-954 Lublin ul. K. Jaczewskiego 8 (SPSK Nr 4) tel.727920721 ewateresaguz@gmail.com Nalepa Dorota Wojewódzki Szpital Specjalistyczny Oddział Neurologii Al. Kraśnickie 100 20-718 Lublin tel. 668748836 Czekirda Marta Zakład Podstaw Pielęgniarstwa i Dydaktyki Medycznej 20-081 Lublin ul. S. Staszica 6 (Collegium Maximum) tel. +48 81448 6800 Brodowicz Magdalena Katedra i Zakład Pielęgniarstwa Pediatrycznego 20-093 Lublin ul. Antoniego Gębali 6 (USzD) +48 81718 5375 Streszczenie Cel pracy: Wykazanie na podstawie badań, braku rozwiązań logistycznych potrzebnych do wypełnienia funkcji edukacyjnej w oddziałach szpitalnych. Badania przeprowadzono w Szpitalu Powiatowym w Łęcznej w 2013 r. Wzięło w nich udział 100 osób chorujących na nadciśnienie tętnicze. Do badań wykorzystano kwestionariusz ankiety składający się z 36 pytań jako narzędzie badawcze. Głównym celem przeprowadzonych badań była ocena wiedzy chorych na temat nadciśnienia tętniczego i powikłań związanych z tą jednostką chorobową. Badania własne wykazały, że pacjenci mają niski poziom wiedzy na temat istoty choroby i czynników sprzyjających jej rozwojowi, co stanowi poważne zagrożenie dla ich zdrowia i życia. Taki stan sugeruje zaniedbania w edukacji chorych w oddziałach szpitalnych. Na potwierdzenie tego stanu rzeczy porównano badania własne z badaniami poziomu wiedzy rodziców dzieci z wadami serca, wadami genetycznymi oraz zespołem Dandy-Walkera. Porównanie pokazało identyczne braki wiedzy. Wyniki powyższych badań dają podstawę do poszukiwania nowych rozwiązań logistycznych w pracy pielęgniarek w celu wyeliminowania zaniedbań w sferze edukacji chorych i ich rodzin. Słowa kluczowe: pielęgniarstwo, edukacja, nadciśnienie tętnicze. Educational function in nursing – basis for seeking logistics solutions. Abstract Aim: To prove on the basis of research lack of logistics solutions required for fulfilling educational function in hospital wards. Research was conducted in the District Hospital in Łęczna in 2013. 100 persons with hypertension took part. The questionnaire consisting of 36 questions was used as a research tool. The main aim of the research was to assess sick persons’ knowledge about the hypertension and complications associated with this disease. Own studies showed that the patients have low level of knowledge about the essence of the disease and factors conductive to its development which constitutes to a serious threat to the patients’ health and life. Such state suggests negligence in education of sick persons in hospital wards. To confirm it, the comparison of own research with the studies of knowledge level of parents with children with heart defects, genetic defects and Dandy-Walker syndrome was made. The comparison showed identical lack of knowledge. The results of the research give the basis to seek for new logistics solutions in nurses’ work in order to eliminate negligence in the area of education of sick ones and their families. Key words: education, nursing, hypertension.

Guz Ewa, Nalepa Dorota, Czekirda Marta, Brodowicz Magdalena. Rozwiązania logistyczne dla funkcji edukacyjnej w pielęgniarstwie = Logistics solutions for educational function in nursing. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(8):167-180. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.60068 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3741 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 02.07.2016. Revised 25.07.2016. Accepted: 12.08.2016. Rozwiązania logistyczne dla funkcji edukacyjnej w pielęgniarstwie Logistics solutions for educational function in nursing Guz Ewa, Nalepa Dorota, Czekirda Marta, Brodowicz Magdalena Katedra i Zakład Pielęgniarstwa Neurologicznego, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie Wojewódzki Szpital Specjalistyczny Oddział Neurologii, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie Zakład Podstaw Pielęgniarstwa i Dydaktyki Medycznej, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie Guz Ewa Katedra i Zakład Pielęgniarstwa Neurologicznego 20-954 Lublin ul. K. Jaczewskiego 8 (SPSK Nr 4) Tel. 727920721 ewateresaguz@gmail.com Nalepa Dorota Wojewódzki Szpital Specjalistyczny Oddział Neurologii Al. Kraśnickie 100 20-718 Lublin tel. 668748836 Czekirda Marta Zakład Podstaw Pielęgniarstwa i Dydaktyki Medycznej 20-081 Lublin ul. S. Staszica 6 (Collegium Maximum) Tel.+48 81448 6800 Brodowicz Magdalena Katedra i Zakład Pielęgniarstwa Pediatrycznego 20-093 Lublin ul. Antoniego Gębali 6 (USzD) +48 81718 5375 Streszczenie Celem pracy jest zaproponowanie rozwiązań logistycznych dla personelu pielęgniarskiego w realizacji funkcji edukacyjnej w oddziałach szpitalnych. By wskazać takie rozwiązania przeprowadzono badania wśród pielęgniarek różnych placówek opieki zdrowotnej a kryterium doboru ankietowanych było wykonywanie pracy w oddziałach takich jak: internistyczny, pediatryczny, geriatryczny, rehabilitacyjny, chorób płuc oraz poradniach przyszpitalnych, gdzie są leczeni pacjenci z astmą oskrzelową. Pielęgniarki propagując działania edukacyjne wpływają na zmianę postaw chorego z biernej na czynną i poprzez to wywierają korzystny wpływ na przebieg choroby. Edukacja chorych w dużej mierze zależy od wiedzy pielęgniarek. Jak pokazały przeprowadzone badania wiele pielęgniarek pracujących z chorymi na astmę nie posiada wystarczającej wiedzy, by prowadzić skuteczną edukację, która zmotywuje do zmiany stylu życia i konkretnych działań na rzecz zapobiegania zaostrzeniom i pełnej kontroli choroby. Po analizie badań zaproponowano konkretne zmiany a jedną z nich jest wyznaczenie konkretnych osób odpowiedzialnych za edukację w danej placówce. Słowa kluczowe: edukacja, astma, pielęgniarstwo, organizacja pracy. Logistics solutions for educational function in nursing Abstract Aim of study is to suggest logistics solutions for nursing personnel in implementation of educational function in hospital wards. In order to indicate such solutions the research among nurses from different healthcare facilities was conducted. A criterion for the selection of respondents was performance of work in different wards such as: internal medicine, pediatric, geriatric, rehabilitation, lung diseases and clinics where the patients with bronchial asthma are treated. Nurses who popularize educational activities influence the change of sick person’s attitude from passive to active and as the result they have a positive impact on course of the disease. Education of sick ones depends on nurses’ knowledge to a great extent. As the research showed, many nurses working with patients with asthma do not have enough knowledge to effectively educate them. Yet, this education should motivate patients to change their life styles, to take specific actions preventing from exacerbations and to fully control the disease. After analysis of research, specific changes were suggested and one of them was to designate specific persons responsible for education in a particular healthcare facility. Key words: education, asthma, nursing, labor organization.

Weber Dorota, Nalepa Dorota, Rogala Renata, Charzyńska-Gula Marianna. Stosowanie używek a czynniki społeczno-demograficzne = Applying of stimulants and social - demographic factors. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(6):135-145. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.54717 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3560 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 05.05.2016. Revised 25.05.2016. Accepted: 25.05.2016. Stosowanie używek a czynniki społeczno-demograficzne Applying of stimulants and social-demographic factors Dorota Weber1, Dorota Nalepa2, Renata Rogala3, Marianna Charzyńska-Gula4 1Absolwentka Kierunku Pielęgniarstwo -Warszawski Uniwersytet Medyczny 2Doktorantka Katedry Nefrologii Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Lublinie, adres email: nalepad1@wp.pl 3Doktorantka studiów doktoranckich w Zakładzie Kwalifikowanej Pomocy Medycznej z Pracownią Ratownictwa Medycznego Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Lublinie 4Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa im. prof. Stanisława Tarnowskiego w Tarnobrzegu Streszczenie Wstęp. Autorzy wielu prac potwierdzają popularny pogląd, że „palacze piją, a pijący palą”. Ponadto ci, którzy piją najwięcej, zwykle też najwięcej palą. Jednoczesne używanie tych dwóch środków stanowi istotne zagrożenie dla zdrowia publicznego. Badania przeprowadzane wśród osób leczonych z powodu alkoholizmu i innych uzależnień wykazały, że w okresie 12 lat zmarły 222 osoby spośród 845 badanych. Celem pracy jest ukazanie, czy czynniki społeczno – demograficzne mają wpływ na stosowanie używek takich jak: papierosy i alkohol. Materiał i metody. Badania przeprowadzono w 2015 roku w jednej z lubelskiej przychodni. Do badań zakwalifikowano 148 respondentów. Zastosowaną metodą w badaniach był sondaż diagnostyczny a wykorzystaną techniką kwestionariusz wywiadu przeprowadzony wśród respondentów, w którym wykorzystano metryczkę i wywiad . Badaniem objęto 148 respondentów, których podzielono na 2 grupy: uczących się i pracujących. Wyniki. Badania własne ukazały, że palenie tytoniu to nałóg nie spotykany u 74,6% respondentów uczących się i 46% pracujących. Osoby uczące się tj. w młodszym wieku, mniej palą niż osoby starsze. Analiza statystyczna wykazała, że alkoholu nie pija tylko 9 badanych (13,8%) wśród osób uczących się i 21 (26,3%)wśród pracujących. Wnioski Według przedstawionych badań na stosowanie alkoholu wpływa zarówno wiek, płeć jak i miejsce zamieszkania, natomiast na palenie papierosów ma wpływ wiek respondentów. Słowa kluczowe: stosowanie używek, czynniki społeczno-demograficzne. Abstract Introduction. A number of scientists confirm the common belief that “smokers drink and drunks smoke”. In addition, those who abuse alcohol the most usually smoke excessively. Simultaneous abusing both of these substances poses a threat to public health. The research conducted among patients treated with the addiction to alcohol and other addictions as well has shown that in the span of twelve years, out of 845 examined patients, 222 persons died. The aim of this paper is to show whether socio-demographic factors exert an impact on using such stimulants as: cigarettes and alcohol. Materials and methods. The research was carried out in a clinic in Lublin in the year 2015. 148 respondents were qualified for the investigation. The method applied for the study was a diagnostic survey, and the technique used was a questionnaire conducted in the form of an interview with respondents, taking into account their birth certificate and an interview. The investigation covered 148 persons, who were split into 2 groups: the learning and the working ones. Findings. The investigation indicated that smoking nicotine is a habit which is not found in 74.6% studying persons and in 46% working persons. Students, i.e. persons at a younger age, smoke less than older persons. The statistical analysis revealed that alcohol is not consumed by only 9 examined persons (13.8%) out of the studying ones, and 21 (26.3%) out of the working ones. Conclusions. In the light of the research, alcohol consumption is linked with both age, gender and the place of living, whereas smoking cigarettes is connected with the age of the respondents. Key words: use of stimulants, socio-demographic factors.

Nalepa, Dorota, Weber, Dorota, Rogala, Renata, Charzyńska-Gula, Marianna. Wpływ ilości spożywanych posiłków na wartość wskaźnika BMI = Influence amount of food meals for BMI. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(3):48-61. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.47438 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3400 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/719646 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 05.01.2016. Revised 12.02.2016. Accepted: 27.02.2016. WPŁYW ILOŚCI SPOŻYWANYCH POSIŁKÓW NA WARTOŚĆ WSKAŹNIKA BMI INFLUENCE AMOUNT OF FOOD MEALS FOR BMI Dorota Nalepa1, Dorota Weber2, Renata Rogala3, Marianna Charzyńska-Gula4 1Oddział Neurologii Wojewódzkiego Szpitala Specjalistycznego im. Stefana Kardynała Wyszyńskiego w Lublinie, doktorantka Katedry Nefrologii Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Lublinie, email: nalepad1@wp.pl, Tel. 668748836 2Absolwentka Kierunku Pielęgniarstwo Warszawski Uniwersytet Medyczny 3Doktorantka studiów doktoranckich w Zakładzie Kwalifikowanej Pomocy Medycznej z Pracownią Ratownictwa Medycznego Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Lublinie 4Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa im. prof. Stanisława Tarnowskiego w Tarnobrzegu Streszczenie. Celem badań była ocena wpływu ilości spożywanych posiłków w ciągu dnia na wskaźnik BMI. Metody i materiał. Badania przeprowadzono w okresie styczeń – luty 2015 roku w jednej z lubelskiej przychodni. Do badań zakwalifikowano 148 respondentów. Zastosowaną metodą w badaniach był sondaż diagnostyczny, a wykorzystaną techniką kwestionariusz wywiadu przeprowadzony wśród respondentów, w którym wykorzystano: metryczkę, wywiad i badanie antropometryczne obejmujące pomiar wysokości i masy ciała, na podstawie których określono wskaźnik masy ciała BMI (ang. Body Mass Index). Wyniki. Ilość dziennie spożywanych posiłków przez respondentów jest różna. Biorąc pod uwagę wiek respondentów, który traktowany jest jako przynależność do jednej z grup, uczących się lub pracujących zauważono że osoby uczące się najczęściej spożywają 4-5 posiłki zadeklarowało tak 40 badanych (58,8%), 3 posiłki spożywa 21 osób (30,9%). Od 6- do 8 posiłków dziennie spożywa 5 osób (7,4%) w tej grupie zaś 2osoby zjadają tylko 2 posiłki (2,9%). Wnioski. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań własnych sformułowano następujące wnioski: - na regularność spożywania posiłków nie mają wpływu wiek i płeć respondentów, istnieje natomiast istotny związek między miejscem zamieszkania a ilością spożywanych posiłków. - na wartość wskaźnika BMI ma wpływ wiek i płeć respondentów. Osoby uczące się oraz kobiety przywiązują uwagę do swojej wagi i BMI częściej osiąga granice wskazujące na prawidłową masę ciała. - pierwsze śniadania są spożywane przez większość respondentów i nie mają na to wpływu czynniki społeczno - demograficzne takie jak wiek, płeć i miejsce zamieszkania. Słowa kluczowe: otyłość, wskaźnik BMI. Summary The aim of the investigation is to assess the influence of the number of consumed meals upon the BMI. Methods and materials The research was conducted from January to February 2015 in a medical clinic in Lublin. 148 respondents were qualified for the research. The applied method was a diagnostic survey carried out among the respondents, which used: the birth certificate, interview as well as anthropometric measurements, covering the body height and body mass. In this way, the Body Mass Index was determined. Findings The number of meals, consumed daily, varied. Taking into account the age of the respondents, which served to divide the persons into different groups – studying or working ones, it was observed that students usually consume four to five meals, as declared by 40 examined persons (58.8%). 21 persons consumed three meals (30.9%), 5 persons ate between six and eight meals per day (7.4%), and only two persons consumed two meals (2.9%). Conclusions - On the basis of the conducted research, the author was able to draw the following conclusions: - the age or gender of the respondents does not influence the regularity of consumed meals; there is a significant link, however, between the place of living and the number of the consumed meals. - the age or gender of the respondents exerts an impact upon the BMI. Studying persons, women treat their weight as important. In this case, BMI comes close to proper Body Mass values. - the first meal (breakfast) is consumed by the majority of the respondents and is not affected by such social-demographic factors as age, gender or place of living. Key words: obesity, BMI (Body Mass Index).

Nalepa Dorota, Weber Dorota, Rogala Renata, Charzyńska–Gula Marianna. Wpływ masy ciała na ciśnienie tętnicze krwi = Effect of weight in blood pressure patients. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(11):85-98. ISSN 2391-8306. DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.33443 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%2811%29%3A85-98 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/667125 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 05.09.2015. Revised 05.10.2015. Accepted: 30.10.2015. WPŁYW MASY CIAŁA NA CIŚNIENIE TĘTNICZE KRWI EFFECT OF WEIGHT IN BLOOD PRESSURE PATIENTS Dorota Nalepa1, Dorota Weber2, Renata Rogala3, Marianna Charzyńska–Gula4 • 1. Oddział Neurologii Wojewódzkiego Szpitala Specjalistycznego im. Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Lublinie, doktorantka studiów doktoranckich Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Lublinie, adres email: nalepad1@wp.pl • 2. Absolwentka Kierunku Pielęgniarstwo Warszawski Uniwersytet Medyczny • 3. Doktorantka studiów doktoranckich Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Lublinie • 4. Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa im. prof. Stanisława Tarnowskiego w Tarnobrzegu Streszczenie Cel. Ocena wpływu masy ciała na ciśnienie tętnicze krwi pacjentów leczonych z powodu nadciśnienia. Materiał i metody. Badania nad podjętą problematyką zostały przeprowadzone w Oddziale Kardiologii Samodzielnego Publicznego Szpitala Klinicznego Nr 4, przy ulicy Jaczewskiego w Lublinie, od grudnia 2014 do lutego 2015 roku. Respondenci wypełnili 100 kwestionariuszy, z czego wszystkie zostały zakwalifikowane do analizy statystycznej. W badaniach wykorzystano technikę ankiety audytoryjnej, oraz dokonano pomiarów ciśnienia tętniczego, obwodów ciała, masy ciała i wyliczono BMI. Wyniki. Nadmierna masa ciała jest z jednym z czynników ryzyka sercowo-naczyniowego. Przyczynia się ona nie tylko do rozwoju nadciśnienia tętniczego, ale także do zaburzeń metabolicznych, takich jak: insulinooporność, hiperinsulinemia, zaburzenia lipidowe oraz cukrzyca. W badaniach własnych wykazano u 37% ankietowanych nadwagę, a u 34% otyłość. Otyłość brzuszną stwierdzono u ponad 1/3 mężczyzn i ponad połowy kobiet, na granicy wartości progowej znajduje się około 1/5 mężczyzn i blisko 1/4 kobiet. Wnioski. W analizie szczegółowej zachowań wśród grupy badanych pacjentów wskazano najważniejsze kierunki działań, które powinny stać się dla nich priorytetowe: - edukacja w zakresie normalizacji masy ciała, postępowania dietetycznego w nadciśnieniu tętniczym oraz zalecenie aktywności fizycznej, - wskazanie korzyści wypływających z podjętych działań, przekonanie badanych o ich własnej wartości, możliwości zmiany i zachęcenie do podjęcia działań w tym kierunku oraz poszukiwanie stymulacji ze strony otoczenia w celu podtrzymywania pożądanych zachowań. Słowa kluczowe: nadciśnienie tętnicze, otyłość. Abstract Aim. Assessment of the impact body weight on blood pressure patients treated for hypertension. Material and methods. Research on issues taken were carried out in the Department of Cardiology of the Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 4, Street Jaczewskiego in Lublin, from December 2014 to February of 2015. The interviewers completed 100 questionnaires, of which all were accepted for statistical analysis. The study used a technique audit questionnaire and measurements of blood pressure, circuits, weight, BMI. Results. Excessive body weight is one of the factors of cardiovascular risk. It contributes not only to the development of hypertension, but also metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, lipid disorders and diabetes. In our study, 37% of respondents are overweight and 34% obese. Abdominal obesity was found in more than 1/3 of men and over half of the women, on the border of the threshold value is about 1/5 of men and nearly 1/4 of women. Conclusions. The detailed analysis of the examined behavior among groups of patients should identify the most important directions of activities that are a priority in the study group: - education in standardization body weight, dietary hypertension and physical activity recommendation - indication benefits of the actions taken, the conviction of respondents for their self-esteem, ability to change and to encourage action in this direction, and seeking stimulation from the environment in order to sustain the desired behavior. Keywords: hypertension, blood pressure.

Nalepa Dorota, Weber Dorota, Rogala Renata, Charzyńska-Gula Marianna. Jakość życia chorych w warunkach domowych po przebytym udarze mózgu = Quality of life at home after stroke. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(11):99-110. ISSN 2391-8306. DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.33451 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%2811%29%3A99-110 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/667182 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 05.09.2015. Revised 05.10.2015. Accepted: 30.10.2015. Jakość życia chorych w warunkach domowych po przebytym udarze mózgu Quality of life at home after stroke Dorota Nalepa1, Dorota Weber2, Renata Rogala3, Marianna Charzyńska-Gula4 1Oddział Neurologii Wojewódzkiego Szpitala Specjalistycznego w Lublinie, doktorantka studiów doktoranckich Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Lublinie 2Absolwentka Kierunku Pielęgniarstwo Warszawski Uniwersytet Medyczny 3Doktorantka studiów doktoranckich Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Lublinie 4Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa im. prof. Stanisława Tarnowskiego w Tarnobrzegu Streszczenie Cel pracy - poznanie i opisanie jakości życia chorych po przebytym udarze mózgu przebywających w warunkach domowych oraz jej uwarunkowań. Materiał i metody. Grupę badaną stanowili pacjenci, którzy przebyli niedokrwienny udar mózgu i przebywają w domu, czas po wystąpieniu choroby określony został na 2 lata, 4 lata, 6 lat i powyżej 6 lat. Pacjenci to mieszkańcy powiatu Opole Lubelskie, którzy w 2014 roku zostali poddani badaniom. Respondenci stanowili grupę 64 pacjentów po przebytym udarze niedokrwiennym mózgu. Wśród badanych osób 35,94%, stanowiły kobiety, zaś 64,06%, mężczyźni. Najliczniejsza grupę liczyły osoby w wieku powyżej 70 lat, oraz 60-69 lat, natomiast 3,12%, badanych było w wieku do 49 lat i 14,06%, w wieku 50-59 lat. Wyniki. Badania własne wykazały iż najczęściej respondenci wymagali częściowej pomocy osób drugich - 60,94%, natomiast 4,68% ankietowanych było samodzielnych i 34,38% osób było całkowicie uzależnionych od innych osób. Analiza statystyczna wykazała, że jakość życia była istotnie lepsza wśród ankietowanych, którzy byli samodzielni ruchowo w porównaniu z badanymi, którzy wymagali częściowej lub całkowitej pomocy innych osób. Respondenci najczęściej mieli częściowe problemy z poruszaniem się - 54,69%, natomiast 40,62% osób pozostawało w łóżku i tylko 4,69% stanowili chorzy niezależne. Najczęściej badani spożywali posiłki samodzielnie - 56,25%, natomiast 37,50% osób potrzebowało pomocy i 6,25% nie było w stanie jeść samodzielnie. Wykazano, że najczęściej w utrzymaniu higieny osobistej badani potrzebowali pomocy od innych - 53,13%, natomiast 14,06%, respondentów myło się samodzielnie, zaś 32,81% było całkowicie uzależnionych od innych. Wnioski. Pacjenci po udarze niedokrwiennym mózgu są w większości, częściowo lub całkowicie zależni od innych osób w wykonywaniu podstawowych czynności życiowych. Natomiast jakość życia jest istotnie różnicowana przez ocenę sprawności po udarze mózgu w podstawowych czynnościach życiowych. Czynności dnia całodziennego, które dla ludzi zdrowych wydają się proste, dla osoby niesprawnej urastają do rangi problemu. Napotykane na co dzień przeszkody często dezorganizują lub uniemożliwiają osiągnięcie upragnionego celu. Są nimi utrudnienia architektoniczne, komunikacyjne czy też psychologiczne, społeczne i ekonomiczne. Słowa kluczowe: udar mózgu, jakość życia. Abstract Purpose of the work is to understand and describe the quality of life for stroke survivors residing in the home and its determinants. Material and methods. The study group consisted of patients who have had an ischemic stroke and are at home, time after onset of the disease was set at two years, four years, six years and more than six years. Patients who are residents of the district Opole Lubelskie, who from 2014, they were subjected to the tests. Interviewers were a group of 64 patients after ischemic stroke. Among the respondents 35.94% were women and 64.06% men. The largest group consisted of people aged over 70 years, and 60-69 years, and 3.12% of the respondents were under the age of 49 years and 14.06%, at the age of 50-59 years. Results. Our study showed that respondents most often requires partial assistance of other persons - 60.94%, and 4.68% of the respondents were independent and 34.38% were completely dependent on other people. Statistical analysis showed that quality of life was significantly better among respondents who are independent mobility compared to the patients who required partial or total assistance. Respondents requently have partial mobility problems - 54.69%, and 40.62% of people remained in bed, and only 4.69% were patients independent. The most common subjects consumed meals yourself - 56.25%, and 37.50% of people need help and 6.25% were not able to eat alone. It has been shown that the most common in personal hygiene subjects needed help from others - 53.13%, and 14.06%, washed your interviewers independently, while 32.81% were completely dependent on others. Conclusions. Patients with ischemic stroke are mostly partially or totally dependent on others in performing basic activities of life. However, the quality of life is significantly differentiated by evaluating the efficiency of stroke in the basic activities of life. All-day activities of that for healthy people seem to be simple for a person inefficient grown into a problem. Encountered on a daily obstacles often disorganize or prevent the achievement of the desired goal. These are difficulties architectural, communication or psychological, social and economic. Keywords: stroke, quality of life.