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Implantology aims at the lasting restoration of masticatory function and also of aesthetics, phonetics and patient comfort. But, at the same time, among the purposes of treatment with dental implants is the stabilization of the peri-implant bone, whose resorption is thus stopped at the time of implant insertion, as well as the peri-implant soft tissues, which are supported by the peri-implant bone and after their collapse, in the event of bone atrophy, it appears an unsightly appearance of the teeth and the contour of the gingival mucosa.

Local risk factors could influence directly the periodontium, the most often involved local risk factors being dental calculus, malocclusions, improper or aged and degraded dental or prosthetic treatments, orthodontic appliances, affecting also the masticatory, esthetical and phonetical function consequently decreasing the quality of life. A good domestic plaque control performed by the patient and its removal professionally may be insufficient for the resolution of periodontal inflammation, as the local/systemic risk factors may still favour plaque accumulation or cause a misbalance of the host immune response. Therefore, plaque removal should be always accompanied by a sustained effort of the dental practitioners’ team to correct, or to, at least, control the predisposing local and systemic risk factors.

Understanding of association between oral health literacy and periodontal disease is an important objective for the health of patients. Any factor that involves periodontal changes may influence the patient’s oral health status. The condition of the periodontium is of major importance for oral health because it is the essential condition for good and long-lasting dentistry on dental arches

There is a strong correlation between the presence of class V defects restored or not and the inflammatory gingival reaction nearby. It has been studies extensively, considering that it may occur a vicious circle where the presence of a faulty obturation, a cavity, a recession, a certain material in obturation may irritate the gingiva and this inflammation may concur to cavity occurrence, certain plaque retention, low pH levels.

Restoring lateral teeth with composite is always a challenge for the dentist as the morphology can be quite tricky to restore and the importance of making it perfect is crucial, not for esthetic reason but for clinical reasons, as a balanced occlusion is very important to keep. The Stamp technique helps the doctor to make the occlusal surface as it was originally, due to an impression taken of the natural morphology and replicating it on the composite filling that is done. The technique is time and cost efficient, with great clinical outcome.

Obesity is a chronic , complex, multifactorial disease, which develops as a result of the interaction between genotype and life style. Up to now has not been fully elucidated the mechanism by which it occurs and is developing obesity, but it has been noted that it involves both social factors, as well as those cultural, behavioural, physiological, metabolic, and genetic. The aim of this review is to evaluate how different sistemic diseases, beside type 2 diabetes,smoking , obesity may be risk factors in the onset of perimplantitis. The association between periodontal disease and obesity has been shown in several studies to different age groups. Excessive adipose tissue produces a reduced inflammation which is a cause of oral amendments. In obesity was noticed this inflammation which can be a point of contact between this and periodontal disease or periimplantitis disease.

Aim of the study: to compare the metabolic status using chemical blood test markers for periodontal disease-diagnosed patients suffering or not from systemic conditions (diabetes mellitus and chronic viral hepatitis). Material and Methods. 195 patients diagnosed with various stages of chronic periodontal disease (PD) were divided into four groups: PD + diabetes mellitus (n=60), PD + hepatitis B (n=16), PD + hepatitis C (n=10) and PD only (n=109). The patients’ blood samples were analyzed for: biochemical parameters (blood sugar – glucose, total cholesterol, hepatic enzymes – transaminase ALT and AST, triglycerides) and cellular parameters (full blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, prothrombin time and international normalized ratio). Data collection and statistical analysis t-test were performed for comparison, p < 0.05 for statistical significance. Results. Our retrospective study shows elevated levels of hepatic enzymes (both AST and ALT) for the periodontal patients diagnosed with chronic HCV/HBV infection than for systemic-healthy periodontal patients. The total cholesterol mean values expressed no statistically significant difference between the four group of patients. Triglycerides mean levels were lower than the physiological reference value for periodontal patients with no co-morbidities but expressed higher average values for systemic-diseased ones. Glucose levels were the highest for the periodontal patients with diabetes. Conclusion. Metabolic parameters in periodontal patients suffer alterations caused by diabetes and HBV/HCV infection.

Dental extraction can trigger certain sequences of complex processes that involve both hard (alveolar bone) and soft tissue (periodontal ligament, gingiva) remodeling. Type 2 diabetes is a serious risk factor for many oral pathologies, both in terms of progression and severity, but also regarding subsequent rehabilitation possibilities. The aim of this study was to establish whether certain molecules: osteoprotegerin (OPG), kappa B nuclear factor receptor activator ligand (RANKL), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 18 (IL-18), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and oxidative stress markers—total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC)—evaluated in saliva are modified post-extraction in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects and whether there is a correlation with HbA1c levels. The aforementioned markers plus HbA1c were investigated in a group of systemically healthy subjects (n = 45) and in a type 2 diabetes mellitus group (n = 41) before and three months after a tooth extraction. Diabetes patients’ recorded increased levels of OPG, RANKL, TNF-α, MMP-9, IL-18 and TOS compared to controls both pre- and post-extraction. In both study groups, the average OPG, HGF and TAC level recorded an upward trend three months post-extraction. TNF-α registered a statistically significant decrease only in the diabetes group after dental extraction, together with a decrement of mean HbA1c levels in the diabetes group. By plotting the ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve, at baseline RANKL, TNF-α, IL-18, MMP-9, TOS and OPG were good predictors of HbA1c levels. Post-extraction, there was a significant correlation between HbA1c and oxidative status biomarkers, however the linear regression model indicated the influence of all studied salivary markers in HbA1c determinism, in a considerable proportion. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that several oxidative status markers and proinflammatory biomarkers are modified in the saliva of diabetic patients and they correlate to HbA1c levels, thus being potential indicators of the post-extraction healing status in the oral cavity.

Early identification of a developing malocclusion and initiation of simple orthodontic therapy procedure represent ways to prevent or reduce the number of late orthodontic treatments, which can be complex, lengthy and costly. We aimed to assess the need for interceptive therapy of dentomaxillary anomalies on a group of 147 children, 69 of age 6 years old and 78 of age 9 years old, which called for an orthodontic or pedodontic treatment during 2014- 2015 in 4 private offices in Craiova. We observed a high prevalence of caries in temporary and young permanent dentition (52.98% for age 6 years old and 37.17% for age 9 years old) and of early loss of temporary teeth (17.39% for age 6 years old and 23.07% for age 9 years old). The need for orthodontic treatment was high or very high for 10.13% of the children age 6 years old and 24.35% of the children age 9 years old, and small or moderate for 13.03% of children age 6 years old and 33.33% of the children age 9 years old. IOTN can be a valuable tool in identifying, planning and interception of potential dentomaxillary malocclusions.

Diabetes, a pathology that is extremly widespread, involves an alteration homeostasis in the glucose metabolism. Periodontitis is a infectious disease resulting in irreversible destruction of the tooth attachment apparatus. At present, periodontitis is one of the major reasons for adult tooth loss. The periodontal clinical examination determined the following diagnosis categories: chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontitis , all of them being modulated by the systemic disease. Aim of the study is to highlight possible correlations between periodontal status and diabetic clinical parameters characterizing patients diagnosed with type 1 diabetes(T1D). Material and methods This study was conducted on 62 patients. We analysed the general information of the patients and an oral examination for establishing the parodontal diagnosis. The probing depth has been established, number of teeth with pockets Larbert than 6mm and the plaque index Silness and Loe. Results Significant differences were found between the IP values on children and adults but there were no significant differences between IP on GTA and GCA or between IP on GTC and GCC. We did not find a statistically significant correlation between HbA1c and severity of periodontal diagnosis GTC. But found a direct correlation between HbA1c and statistically significant in periodontal diagnosis GTA. Conclusions The results obtained in this study show a possible relationship between metabolic changes caused by periodontal T1D and, especially in the group of adult patients.