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Abstract Tissue clearing combined with high-resolution confocal imaging is a cutting-edge approach for dissecting the three-dimensional (3D) architecture of tissues and deciphering cellular spatial interactions under physiological and pathological conditions. Deciphering the spatial interaction of leptin receptor-expressing (LepR+) stromal cells with other compartments in the bone marrow is crucial for a deeper understanding of the stem cell niche and the skeletal tissue. In this study, we introduce an optimized protocol for the 3D analysis of skeletal tissues, enabling the visualization of hematopoietic and stromal cells, especially LepR+ stromal cells, within optically cleared bone hemisections. Our method preserves the 3D tissue architecture and is extendable to other hematopoietic sites such as calvaria and vertebrae. The protocol entails tissue fixation, decalcification, and cryosectioning to reveal the marrow cavity. Completed within approximately 12 days, this process yields highly transparent tissues that maintain genetically encoded or antibody-stained fluorescent signals. The bone hemisections are compatible with diverse antibody labeling strategies. Confocal microscopy of these transparent samples allows for qualitative and quantitative image analysis using Aivia or Bitplane Imaris software, assessing a spectrum of parameters. With proper storage, the fluorescent signal in the stained and cleared bone hemisections remains intact for at least 2–3 months. This protocol is robust, straightforward to implement, and highly reproducible, offering a valuable tool for tissue architecture and cellular interaction studies.

ABSTRACT: Owing to rich in vitamins, proteins, mineral elements, and active substances, the highly medicinal and economic value of mung bean seeds have been proven to be beneficial to human. In order to fully identificate and innovative utilization of excellent germplasm resources for mung bean yield and quality breeding, the genetic diversity level of eight seed phenotypic traits of 302 mung bean germplasm resources were comprehensively evaluated by diversity analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and cluster analysis. The results showed the genetic diversity of eight seed phenotypic traits of 302 mung bean germplasm resources with a Shannon diversity Index ranging from 0.25 to 2.09. For most traits, their coefficient of variation (CV) were more than 10% with the highest being seed shape (41.51%). Correlation analysis showed that the 100-seed weight had extremely positive correlations with seed size, seed length, seed width, and seed thickness. PCA of seed phenotypic traits showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components was 78.551%. These principal components included seed width, seed coat gloss and seed color. The 302 mung bean germplasm resources were divided into eight groups by cluster analysis. A total of 140 germplasm resources with large-seed were selected from group I and group II, of which 9 germplasm resources in group II were likely to be high-yield varieties. Overall, this study not only indicated sufficient variation among the studied germplasm resources, but also provided a theoretical basis for the selection, utilization and hybrid breeding of mung bean germplasm resources.

Nowadays, people have an increasing interest in fresh products such as new shoes and cosmetics. To this end, an E-commerce platform Taobao launched a fresh-item hub page on the recommender system, with which customers can freely and exclusively explore and purchase fresh items, namely, the New Tendency page. In this work, we make a first attempt to tackle the fresh-item recommendation task with two major challenges. First, a fresh-item recommendation scenario usually faces the challenge that the training data are highly deficient due to low page views. In this paper, we propose a deep interest-shifting network (DisNet), which transfers knowledge from a huge number of auxiliary data and then shifts user interests with contextual information. Furthermore, three interpretable interest-shifting operators are introduced. Second, since the items are fresh, many of them have never been exposed to users, leading to a severe cold-start problem. Though this problem can be alleviated by knowledge transfer, we further babysit these fully cold-start items by a relational meta-Id-embedding generator (RM-IdEG). Specifically, it trains the item id embeddings in a learning-to-learn manner and integrates relational information for better embedding performance. We conducted comprehensive experiments on both synthetic datasets as well as a real-world dataset. Both DisNet and RM-IdEG significantly outperform state-of-the-art approaches, respectively. Empirical results clearly verify the effectiveness of the proposed techniques, which are arguably promising and scalable in real-world applications.

Although the JmjC domain-containing histone demethylases displayed a crucial role in maintaining the homeostasis of histone methylation, while the systematic identification and functional researches of JmjC domain-containing gene family have not been conducted in Mung bean (VrJMJ genes). According to the structural characteristics and phylogenetic relationship with their orthologs from Glycine max, Lotus japonicus, Medicago truncatula, Arabidopsis thaliana, and Oryza sativa, a total of 18 VrJMJ genes were identified and divided into four clades (KDM3, KDM5. PKDM8, and PKDM9). Interspecies co-collinearity analysis showed the significant JmjC gene duplication events which have occurred during the Papilionoideae evolution. The exon/intron and domain organization of VrJMJ genes from the same clade (or subclade) were similar. All VrJMJ proteins contained a conserved JmjC domain, meanwhile other essential domains also have been found in some specific VrJMJ proteins which responsible for their functions. Numerous abiotic stress and light response related cis-elements associating with transcriptional regulation that were demonstrated in the promoter regions of VrJMJ genes (ProVrJMJs). Expression profiles of VrJMJ genes in different tissues showed that most genes displayed a tissue-specific expression in roots or leaves. The acronym RT-qPCR results showed that all VrJMJ genes displayed different degrees of abiotic stress (drought, salinity, and cold) and photoperiodic responses. Furthermore, VrJMJ3 and VrJMJ9 were significantly up-regulated after all three abiotic stress treatments, and VrJMJ13 exhibited a potential function in the photoperiodic regulation of Mung bean flowering. These results provided a clear understanding of VrJMJ genes, and laid a theoretical basis for further verification of their potential biological functions of VrJMJ genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]