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The carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) involves many different molecules and multiple pathways, and the specific mechanism has not been elucidated until now. Existing studies on the proteomic signature profiles of CRC are relatively limited. Therefore, we herein aimed to provide a more comprehensive proteomic signature profile and discover new prognostic markers and therapeutic targets by performing proteomic analysis of CRC and paired normal tissues.To investigate the proteomic signature and identify novel protein prognostic biomarkers of CRC.Cancer tissues and paired normal tissues were collected from 48 patients who underwent surgical removal at the China-Japan Friendship Hospital from January 2020 to June 2021. Data independent acquisition (DIA) quantitative proteomic analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (nano-UHPLC-MS/MS) to identify differentially expressed proteins, among which those with aSignificantly differential protein expression was observed between cancer tissues and normal tissues. Compared with normal tissues, 1115 proteins were upregulated and 705 proteins were downregulated in CRC based onOur study provides a comprehensive proteomic signature of CRC and highlights CDKN2A as a potential powerful prognostic marker and precision therapeutic target.

AimLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified to regulate cancers by controlling the process of autophagy and by mediating the post-transcriptional and transcriptional regulation of autophagy-related genes. This study aimed to investigate the potential prognostic role of autophagy-associated lncRNAs in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.MethodsLncRNA expression profiles and the corresponding clinical information of CRC patients were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Based on the TCGA dataset, autophagy-related lncRNAs were identified by Pearson correlation test. Univariate Cox regression analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis (LASSO) Cox regression model were performed to construct the prognostic gene signature. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to further clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms.ResultsWe obtained 210 autophagy-related genes from the whole dataset and found 1187 lncRNAs that were correlated with the autophagy-related genes. Using Univariate and LASSO Cox regression analyses, eight lncRNAs were screened to establish an eight-lncRNA signature, based on which patients were divided into the low-risk and high-risk group. Patients’ overall survival was found to be significantly worse in the high-risk group compared to that in the low-risk group (log-rank p = 2.731E-06). ROC analysis showed that this signature had better prognostic accuracy than TNM stage, as indicated by the area under the curve. Furthermore, GSEA demonstrated that this signature was involved in many cancer-related pathways, including TGF-β, p53, mTOR and WNT signaling pathway.ConclusionsOur study constructed a novel signature from eight autophagy-related lncRNAs to predict the overall survival of CRC, which could assistant clinicians in making individualized treatment.

BACKGROUND Gut tryptophan (Trp) metabolites are produced by microbiota and/or host metabolism. Some of them have been proven to promote or inhibit colorectal cancer (CRC) in vitro and animal models. We hypothesized that there is an alteration of gut Trp metabolism mediated by microbiota and that it might be involved in the pathogenesis of cancer in patients with CRC. AIM To investigate the features of Trp metabolism in CRC and the correlation between fecal Trp metabolites and gut microbiota. METHODS Seventy-nine patients with colorectal neoplastic lesions (33 with colon adenoma and 46 with sporadic CRC) and 38 healthy controls (HCs) meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. Their demographic and clinical features were collected. Fecal Trp, kynurenine (KYN), and indoles (metabolites of Trp metabolized by gut microbiota) were examined by ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Gut barrier marker and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) mRNA were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) protein expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The gut microbiota was detected by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Correlations between fecal metabolites and other parameters were examined in all patients. RESULTS The absolute concentration of KYN [1.51 (0.70, 3.46) nmol/g vs 0.81 (0.64, 1.57) nmol/g, P = 0.036] and the ratio of KYN to Trp [7.39 (4.12, 11.72) × 10-3 vs 5.23 (1.86, 7.99) × 10-3, P = 0.032] were increased in the feces of patients with CRC compared to HCs, while the indoles to Trp ratio was decreased [1.34 (0.70, 2.63) vs 2.46 (1.25, 4.10), P = 0.029]. The relative ZO-1 mRNA levels in patients with CRC (0.27 ± 0.24) were significantly lower than those in HCs (1.00 ± 0.31) (P < 0.001), and the relative IDO1 mRNA levels in patients with CRC [1.65 (0.47-2.46)] were increased (P = 0.035). IDO1 mRNA levels were positively associated with the KYN/Trp ratio (r = 0.327, P = 0.003). ZO-1 mRNA and protein levels were positively correlated with the indoles/Trp ratio (P = 0.035 and P = 0.009, respectively). In addition, the genera Asaccharobacter (Actinobacteria) and Parabacteroides (Bacteroidetes), and members of the phylum Firmicutes (Clostridium XlVb, Fusicatenibacter, Anaerofilum, and Anaerostipes) decreased in CRC and exhibited a positive correlation with indoles in all subjects. CONCLUSION Alteration of fecal Trp metabolism mediated by microbiota is associated with intestinal barrier function and tissue Trp metabolism, and may be involved in the pathogenesis of CRC.

To investigate the clinicopathological and molecular features of colorectal cancer (CRC) with synchronous adenoma and to describe features of synchronous adenomas in CRC patients.Single-centre retrospective cohort of 180 patients were included. The clinicopathological and endoscopic data were collected. The expression mismatch repair (MMR) proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry. The determination of microsatellite instability (MSI) was performed by multiple fluorescence PCR, and the mutations of genes were detected by real-time PCR.Among all cases, 49 were diagnosed as CRC with synchronous adenoma, and 131 were diagnosed as solitary CRC. Some of the differences between the groups are: higher incidence was found in male (71.4 vs. 52.6%,Gender, a habit of drinking and other neoplastic diseases are risk factors for the development of a synchronous adenoma. With a low rate of BRAF mutations, the responses to monoclonal antibody and prognosis of patients with synchronous adenomas may be better than that of solitary CRC.

The intestinal mucosal barrier is the first line of defense against numerous harmful substances, and it contributes to the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. Recent studies reported that structural and functional changes in the intestinal mucosal barrier were involved in the pathogenesis of several intestinal diseases. However, no study thoroughly evaluated this barrier in patients with functional constipation (FC).To investigate the intestinal mucosal barrier in FC, including the mucus barrier, intercellular junctions, mucosal immunity and gut permeability.Forty FC patients who fulfilled the Rome IV criteria and 24 healthy controls were recruited in the Department of Gastroenterology of China-Japan Friendship Hospital. The colonic mucus barrier, intercellular junctions in the colonic epithelium, mucosal immune state and gut permeability in FC patients were comprehensively examined. Goblet cells were stained with Alcian Blue/Periodic acid Schiff (AB/PAS) and counted. The ultrastructure of intercellular junctional complexes was observed under an electron microscope. Occludin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in the colonic mucosa were located and quantified using immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Colonic CD3+ intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) and CD3+ lymphocytes in the lamina propria were identified and counted using immunofluorescence. The serum levels of D-lactic acid and zonulin were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Compared to healthy controls, the staining of mucus secreted by goblet cells was darker in FC patients, and the number of goblet cells per upper crypt in the colonic mucosa was significantly increased in FC patients (control, 18.67 ± 2.99; FC, 22.42 ± 4.09;The intestinal mucosal barrier in FC patients exhibits a compensatory increase in goblet cells and integral intercellular junctions without activation of mucosal immunity or increased gut permeability.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) imposes a tremendous burden on human health, with high morbidity and mortality. Circular ribonucleic acids (circRNAs), a new type of noncoding RNA, are considered to participate in cancer pathogenesis as microRNA (miRNA) sponges. However, the dysregulation and biological functions of circRNAs in CRC remain to be explored.To identify potential circRNA biomarkers of CRC and explore their functions in CRC carcinogenesis.CircRNAs and miRNAs differentially expressed in CRC tissues were identified by analyzing expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Circ_0000375 and circ_0011536 were selected as CRC biomarker candidates. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was utilized to evaluate the expression of these 2 circRNAs in CRC tissues, serums and cell lines. Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated to assess the diagnostic performances of these 2 circRNAs. Then, functional experiments, including cell counting kit-8, wound healing and Transwell invasion assays, were performed after the overexpression of circ_0000375 and circ_0011536 in CRC cell lines. Furthermore, candidate target miRNAs of circ_0000375 and circ_0011536 were predictedDownregulated circ_0000375 and circ_0011536 expression was observed in CRC tissues in GSE126095, clinical CRC tissue and serum samples and CRC cell lines. The areas under the curve for circ_0000375 and circ_0011536 were 0.911 and 0.885 in CRC tissue and 0.976 and 0.982 in CRC serum, respectively. Moreover, the serum levels of these 2 circRNAs were higher in patients at 30 d postsurgery than in patients before surgery, suggesting that the serum expression of circ_0000375 and circ_0011536 is related to CRC tumorigenesis. Circ_0000375 and circ_0011536 overexpression inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of CRC cells. Furthermore, miR-1182 and miR-1246, which were overexpressed in CRC tissues in GSE41655, GSE49246 and GSE115513, were verified as target miRNAs of circ_0000375 and circ_0011536, respectively, by luciferase reporter assays. The downstream genes of miR-1182 and miR-1246 were enriched in some CRC-associated pathways, such as the Wnt signaling pathway.Circ_0000375 and circ_0011536 may function as tumor suppressors in CRC progression, serving as novel biomarkers for CRC diagnosis and as promising candidates for therapeutic exploration.

Early detection of colorectal neoplasms, including colorectal cancers (CRCs) and advanced colorectal adenomas (AAs), is crucial to improve patient survival. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in peripheral blood are emerging as noninvasive diagnostic markers for multiple cancers, but their potential for screening colorectal neoplasms remains ambiguous.To identify candidate circulating cell-free miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers in patients with colorectal neoplasms.The study was divided into three phases: (1) Candidate miRNAs were selected from three public miRNA datasets using differential gene expression analysis methods; (2) an independent set of serum samples from 60 CRC patients, 60 AA patients and 30 healthy controls (HCs) was included and analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for miRNAs, and their diagnostic power was detected by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis; and (3) the origin and function of miRNAs in cancer patients were investigated in cancer cell lines and tumor tissues.Based on bioinformatics analysis, miR-627-5p and miR-199a-5p were differentially expressed in both the serum and tissues of patients with colorectal neoplasms and HCs and were selected for further study. Further validation in an independent cohort revealed that both circulating miR-627-5p and miR-199a-5p were sequentially increased from HCs and AAs to CRCs. The diagnostic power of miR-672-5p yielded an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.90, and miR-199a-5p had an AUC of 0.83 in discriminating colorectal neoplasms from HCs. A logistic integrated model combining miR-199a-5p and miR-627-5p exhibited a higher diagnostic performance than either miRNA. Additionally, the levels of serum miR-627-5p and miR-199a-5p in CRC patients were significantly lower after surgery than before surgery and the expression of both miRNAs was increased with culture time in the culture media of several CRC cell lines, suggesting that the upregulated serum expression of both miRNAs in CRC might be tumor derived. Furthermore,Serum levels of miR-199a-5p and miR-627-5p were markedly increased in patients with colorectal neoplasms and showed strong potential as minimally invasive biomarkers for the early screening of colorectal neoplasms.

BACKGROUND The high morbidity and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) have posed great threats to human health. Circular RNA (CircRNA) and microRNA (miRNA), acting as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), have been found to play vital roles in carcinogenesis. However, the biological function of ceRNAs in CRC pathogenesis and prognosis remains largely unexplored. AIM To identify the CRC-specific circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network and uncover the subnetwork associated with its prognosis. METHODS CircRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs differentially expressed (DE) in CRC tissues were selected by expression file analysis in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and the downstream target molecules of circRNAs and miRNAs were predicted. Then, the intersection of differentially expressed RNA molecules with the predicted targets was determined to obtain a ceRNA network. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were conducted to elucidate the possible mechanism of pathogenesis. A survival analysis using the gene profiles and clinical information in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was performed to identify the mRNAs associated with the clinical outcome of CRC patients and construct a prognostic subnetwork. RESULTS We downloaded three datasets (GSE126095, GSE41655 and GSE41657) of large-scale CRC samples from the GEO database. There were 55 DEcircRNAs, 114 DEmiRNAs and 267 DEmRNAs in CRC tissues compared with normal tissues. After intersecting these molecules with predicted targets, 19 circRNAs, 13 miRNAs and 28 mRNAs were chosen to develop a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network. GO and KEGG functional enrichment analyses indicated that the retinol metabolic process, leukocyte chemotaxis, extracellular matrix remodeling, endoplasmic reticulum stress, alcohol dehydrogenase activity, gastric acid secretion, nitrogen metabolism and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway might participate in the tumorigenesis of CRC. After verifying the identified mRNA effect in the TCGA database, we finally recognized 3 mRNAs (CA2, ITLN1 and LRRC19) that were significantly associated with the overall survival of CRC patients and constructed a ceRNA subnetwork including 5 circRNAs (hsa_circ_0080210, hsa_circ_0007158, hsa_circ_0000375, hsa_circ_0018909 and hsa_circ_0011536) and 3 miRNAs (hsa-miR-601, hsa-miR-671-5p and hsa-miR-765), which could contain innovative and noninvasive indicators for the early screening and prognostic prediction of CRC. CONCLUSION We proposed a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network closely associated with the progression and clinical outcome of CRC that might include promising biomarkers for carcinogenesis and therapeutic targets.

BACKGROUND Tumor mutational burden (TMB) is an important independent biomarker for the response to immunotherapy in multiple cancers. However, the clinical implications of TMB in gastric cancer (GC) have not been fully elucidated. AIM To explore the landscape of mutation profiles and determine the correlation between TMB and microRNA (miRNA) expression in GC. METHODS Genomic, transcriptomic, and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas were used to obtain mutational profiles and investigate the statistical correlation between mutational burden and the overall survival of GC patients. The difference in immune infiltration between high- and low-TMB subgroups was evaluated by Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Furthermore, miRNAs differentially expressed between the high- and low-TMB subgroups were identified and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method was employed to construct a miRNA-based signature for TMB prediction. The biological functions of the predictive miRNAs were identified with DIANA-miRPath v3.0. RESULTS C>T single nucleotide mutations exhibited the highest mutation incidence, and the top three mutated genes were TTN, TP53, and MUC16 in GC. High TMB values (top 20%) were markedly correlated with better survival outcome, and multivariable regression analysis indicated that TMB remained prognostic independent of TNM stage, histological grade, age, and gender. Different TMB levels exhibited different immune infiltration patterns. Significant differences between the high- and low-TMB subgroups were observed in the infiltration of CD8+ T cells, M1 macrophages, regulatory T cells, and CD4+ T cells. In addition, we developed a miRNA-based signature using 23 differentially expressed miRNAs to predict TMB values of GC patients. The predictive performance of the signature was confirmed in the testing and the whole set. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated the optimal performance of the signature. Finally, enrichment analysis demonstrated that the set of miRNAs was significantly enriched in many key cancer and immune-related pathways. CONCLUSION TMB

Acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a common complication especially in pediatric population. Plasma gelsolin (pGSN) is an anti-inflammatory factor through binding with actin and pro-inflammatory cytokines in circulation. Decrease in pGSN has been reported in some pathologic conditions. The purpose of the study was to determine the alterations of pGSN level in infants and young children after CPB and the role of pGSN as a predictor for the morbidity and severity of post-CPB AKI. Sixty-seven infants and young children at age ≤ 3 years old undergoing CPB were prospectively enrolled. PGSN levels were measured during peri-operative period with enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay and normalized with plasma total protein concentration. Other clinical characteristics of the patients were also recorded. In patients developing AKI, the normalized pGSN (pGSNN) levels significantly decreased at 6 h post-operation and remained low for 24 h post-operation as compared to the patients with non-AKI. PGSNN at 6 h post-operation combining with CPB time presents an excellent predictive value for AKI. Decreased pGSNN identifies post-CPB AKI in the patients ≤ 3 years old, and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. The findings suggest that circulating GSN in post-CPB patients may have beneficial effects on diminishing inflammatory responses.

In selecting logistics service providers, the evaluation criteria can be easily prioritized and possibly interrelated with each other, and the assessment of alternatives under qualitative criteria is usually accomplished by more than one decision maker. A novel multicriteria decision-making approach with multihesitant fuzzy linguistic term elements (MHFLTEs) based on the Heronian mean (HM) and prioritized average operators can effectively deal with the problems inherent in such a scenario. Multihesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets (MHFLTSs) were proposed on the basis of multihesitant fuzzy sets (MHFSs) and hesitant fuzzy linguistic sets (HFLSs), where each MHFLTE can contain nonconsecutive and repeated linguistic terms. Using MHFLTEs, one decision maker can provide one or several consecutive linguistic terms in evaluating an alternative under one specific criterion, different decision makers’ evaluation values can be collected, and the frequency of a linguistic term in the evaluation information can accord with reality. This paper revises the basic operations and comparison method for MHFLTEs on the basis of the originals and defines some multihesitant fuzzy linguistic HM operators for MHFLTEs to deal with problems in which weight information cannot be accurately established for criteria, but their priorities can be provided in groups or without groups. Finally, the validity and effectiveness of the proposed approach are demonstrated through an illustration of a logistics outsourcing problem and a comparison analysis.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate whether colonic mucosal N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) participates in visceral hypersensitivity in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Methods C57BL/6 mice were administered intrarectally with trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) for the establishment of an IBS-like visceral hypersensitivity model. Those received an equivalent volume of 50% ethanol were regarded as the controls. Abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) scores in response to colorectal distention (CRD) were used to assess visceral sensitivity. NMDAR levels in the colonic mucosa were detected by both immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The concentrations of glutamate and ammonia in the feces of the mice were measured. Changes in visceral sensitivity after the intracolonic administration of ammonia or NMDAR antagonist were recorded. Results The established IBS-like mouse model of visceral hypersensitivity showed no evident inflammation in the colon. NMDAR levels in the colonic mucosa of the IBS-like mice were significantly higher compared with the controls, and were positively associated with AWR scores. The glutamate level in the feces of the TNBS-treated mice was similar to that of the controls, although the ammonia level was significantly higher. Intracolonic administration of ammonia induced visceral hypersensitivity in mice, which was repressed by pretreatment with NMDAR antagonist MK801. Conclusions Overexpressed NMDAR in the colonic mucosa may participate in the pathogenesis of visceral hypersensitivity in IBS. Our study identifies the effect of ammonia in the colonic lumen on NMDAR in the colonic mucosa as a potential novel targeted mechanism for IBS treatment.

The Internet of Things (IoT) technology has been extending its applications in the electric power system since the very beginning of the construction of the smart grid in China. Under such a background, this paper first discusses the technical principles and development goals of the IoT for the electric power system, which can also be called the “power grid IoT” in brief. And then, according to the technical principles mentioned above and the common guidance released by the power grid authorities, this paper presents an IoT technology based Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) system for substations. The key technologies, functions and applications of the system are described respectively. The design of an extremely long-life and stable wireless temperature sensor is presented in detail. The functions of the SCADA system include substation equipment status monitoring, 3D-visualization, environment monitoring, spare parts location, asset management and so on. The applications of such a system can be regarded as efficient methods for substation intelligent operation and maintenance.

In this paper, we address the problem to power impairment in amplified WDM communication networks with ROADM (Reconfigurable Optical Add-Drop Multiplexers), in order to improve the performance of communication systems. In dynamic transmission network, we propose a new control strategy that effectively adjusts signal power in the chain network. The results of simulation show that the proposed control strategy could effectively adjust better channel power and reduce the amount of adjustment to achieve transmission performance.

The immunization algorithm is from the theory of complex network. The algorithm is simple, highly feasible based on scale-free network model. This paper uses random immunization algorithm to solve optical network energy issues. This paper selects the service to be the operator and to save energy through node immunization. The simulation results show the algorithm can be implemented. This paper provides another possibility to energy saving on optical network.

A progressive transmission and decoding nearly lossless compression algorithm is proposed. The image data are grouped according to different frequencies based on DCT transform, then it uses the JPEG-LS core algorithmtexture prediction and Golomb coding on each group of data, in order to achieve progressive image transmission and decoding. Experimentation on the standard test images with this algorithm and comparing with JPEG-LS shows that the compression ratio of this algorithm is very similar to the compression ratio of JPEG-LS, and this algorithm loses a little image information but it has the ability of the progressive transmission and decoding.

The paper uses digital image processing technology, technology of face pattern recognition and traditional database retrieval technology, integrate image retrieval technology based on version and content, and avoid the complexity of matching image process. The experiments with 200 human samples, correctly retrieved for 155 people, exactly matched to 125. The recognition rate of the system is 75.55%, the average time of search is less than 0.1s. Experiments indicate this method has strong robustness. The semantic face image retrieval system using this method has the characteristics of fast, efficient, practical.

The genetic algorithm is from the law of the biological genetic evolution. The algorithm is simple, highly feasible. This paper uses a genetic algorithm for optical network energy issues. Select the business volume to be the operator and to save energy through node sleeping. The simulation confirms the algorithm can be implemented. This paper provides another possibility on optical networks energy conservation.

By the heuristic algorithm and particle swarm optimization algorithm combining hybrid particle swarm algorithm proposed combination of heuristic search and stochastic optimization,stochastic optimization process using a spanning tree and the loop matrix operations combined to ensure the system topology constraints to improve the efficiency of solution. The analysis shows that the proposed method calculation speed,easy to converge to the global optimal solution. Development of distributed generation units, along with concerns raised over the security of supply has prompted many customers to consider the installation of their own local capacity for generating electricity (and heat). This paper proposes a methodology for optimizing the operation of a portfolio of distributed units, based on profit maximization using genetic algorithms. The method is tested on a set of distributed units, demonstrating the ability to find good solutions in an acceptable time period.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether colonic mucosal N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) participates in visceral hypersensitivity in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).C57BL/6 mice were administered intrarectally with trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) for the establishment of an IBS-like visceral hypersensitivity model. Those received an equivalent volume of 50% ethanol were regarded as the controls. Abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) scores in response to colorectal distention (CRD) were used to assess visceral sensitivity. NMDAR levels in the colonic mucosa were detected by both immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The concentrations of glutamate and ammonia in the feces of the mice were measured. Changes in visceral sensitivity after the intracolonic administration of ammonia or NMDAR antagonist were recorded.The established IBS-like mouse model of visceral hypersensitivity showed no evident inflammation in the colon. NMDAR levels in the colonic mucosa of the IBS-like mice were significantly higher compared with the controls, and were positively associated with AWR scores. The glutamate level in the feces of the TNBS-treated mice was similar to that of the controls, although the ammonia level was significantly higher. Intracolonic administration of ammonia induced visceral hypersensitivity in mice, which was repressed by pretreatment with NMDAR antagonist MK801.Overexpressed NMDAR in the colonic mucosa may participate in the pathogenesis of visceral hypersensitivity in IBS. Our study identifies the effect of ammonia in the colonic lumen on NMDAR in the colonic mucosa as a potential novel targeted mechanism for IBS treatment.

A mixed method to solve deep water S-Lay is presented. A singular perturbation technique is first used to determine the configuration of pipeline in the sagbend. The moment distribution of pipeline in the overbend is then determined by the nonlinear finite element method. The stinger is modeled as discrete supports in this study. Finally, an extensive parametric study is carried out to identify the optimal spaces of roller boxes for achieving minimum moment distribution of pipeline in the overbend.

It is a common view that the integration of Chinese medicine (CM) and modern Western medicine is an efficient way to facilitate the development of CM. Integrative medicine is a kind of complex interventions. Scientific therapeutic evaluation plays a crucial role in making integrative medicine universally acknowledged. However, the modern method of clinical study, which is based on the concept of evidence-based medicine, mostly focuses on the population characteristics and single interventional factor. As a result, it is difficult for this method to totally adapt to the clinical features of CM and integrative medicine as complex interventions. One possible way to solve this issue is to improve and integrate with the existing method and to utilize the evaluation model on complex interventions from abroad. As an interdisciplinary technique, data mining involves database technology, artificial intelligence, machine learning, statistics, neural network and some other latest technologies, and has been widely used in the field of CM. Therefore, the application of data mining in the therapeutic evaluation of integrative medicine has broad prospects.

Subsea Flange Connection Tool (SFCT) is a remote apparatus for connecting underwater bolted flanges, especially applied in the offshore pipeline laying. As a pivotal unit construction of SFCT, Inner-frame enables the Bolt Handling Tool and Nut Handling Tool to move separately in axial direction and together in circumferential direction with the reference of the pipe’s axes. This paper presents the Inner-frame’s structural concept and builds its kinematics-equivalent mechanism models, carrying on the kinematics analysis of Inner-frame; to improve the energy efficiency, models the Inner-frame’s rotation-mechanism parametrically and establishes an objective with the minimum power consumption, which generates the optimal positions for the hinged-hydraulic cylinder’s joints with Box and Pendulum.

In this paper, an active semi-supervised framework combining with data editing is proposed to improve sparsely labeled text classification. It integrates semi-supervised learning with active learning, and fully utilizes the advantage of active learning by fusing it with a data editing technique. The algorithm works in an iterative fashion in which the steps of self-labeling, active labeling and editing are iterated alternatively. Active learning and data editing techniques are designed to cope with the training data bias and sparsity. According to our knowledge, the fusion of active learning with data editing technique to eliminate self-labeled noise is novel. Extensive experimental study on several real-world data sets shows the encouraging results of the proposed text classification framework for sparsely labeled text classification compared with several state-of-the-art methods.

This paper proposes two new semi-supervised clustering methods based on the combination of multiview,active and semi-supervised learning. Farthest-first traversal scheme is proposed to select the seed set for each cluster. Under the multi-view framework,these two proposed algorithms explore the active learning from two aspects, that is, active seed set selection and active query construction. Experimental results on both Chinese and English data sets show that our proposed algorithms outperform the baseline Constrained KMeans(CKM) and its active version(ACKM).