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High-fat diet (HFD) and inflammation are two key contributors to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Shenling Baizhu powder (SLBZP), a classical herbal compound, has been successfully used to alleviate NAFLD. However, its specific mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we assessed the anti-NAFLD effect of SLBZP in vivo.Rats were fed an HFD with or without SLBZP or with probiotics. At the end of week 16, an echo magnetic resonance imaging (EchoMRI) body composition analyser was used to quantitatively analyse body composition; a micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) imaging system was used to evaluate whole body and liver fat; and the Moor full-field laser perfusion imager 2 was used to assess liver microcirculation, after which, all rats were sacrificed. Then, biochemical indicators in the blood and the ultrastructure of rat livers were evaluated. Protein expression related to the liver Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) signalling pathway was assessed using Western blot analysis. Further, high-throughput screening of 29 related inflammatory factors in liver tissue was performed using a cytokine array.SLBZP supplementation reduced body weight, serum free fatty acid, and insulin resistance index (P 0.05). It also ameliorated liver microcirculation and ultrastructural abnormalities. EchoMRI and micro-CT quantitative analyses showed that treatment with SLBZP reduced fat mass and visceral fat (P 0.05 and P 0.01, respectively). In addition, SLBZP decreased the expression of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated TLR4/NLRP3 signalling pathway-related proteins and altered the expression levels of some inflammatory cytokines in liver tissues.SLBZP can inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation and interleukin-1β release by suppressing LPS-induced TLR4 expression in rats with HFD-induced NAFLD. Thus, SLBZP may be beneficial for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory damage and associated diseases.

Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) was recently found to play an important role in cardiovascular disease. However, the role of EZH2 in vascular remodeling induced by mechanical stretch is poorly understood. The aim of the present work was to investigate the role of EZH2 in regulating smooth muscle cell function through mechanical stretch assays and to explore the underlying mechanisms.WT C57BL/6 J mice underwent sham surgery or abdominal aortic constriction. The level of EZH2 expression was determined by Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. We demonstrated the thickness of vascular remodeling by HE staining. JASPAR was used to predict transcription factors that could affect EZH2. Chromatin immunoprecipitation was used to substantiate the DNAprotein interactions. Promoter luciferase assays were performed to demonstrate the activity of the transcription factors.We found that in vivo, AAC significantly reduced EZH2 protein levels in the thoracic aorta. Smooth muscle-specific overexpression of EZH2 was sufficient to attenuate the AAC-induced reduction in trimethylation of Lys-27 in histone 3 and thickening of the arterial media. Administration of GSK-J4 (an inhibitor of H3K27me3 demethylase) induced the same effects. In addition, we found that mechanical stretch regulated the expression of EZH2 through the Yes-associated protein (YAP)- transcriptional factor TEA domain 1 (TEAD) pathway. TEAD1 bound directly to the promoter of EZH2, and blocking the YAP-TEAD1 interaction inhibited EZH2 downregulation due to mechanical stretch.This study reveals that mechanical stretch downregulates EZH2 through the YAP-TEAD1 pathway, thereby aggravating smooth muscle cell apoptosis and vascular remodeling.

Depression and metabolic disorders have overlapping psychosocial and pathophysiological causes. Current research is focused on the possible role of adiponectin in regulating common biological mechanisms. Xiaoyao San (XYS), a classic Chinese medicine compound, has been widely used in the treatment of depression and can alleviate metabolic disorders such as lipid or glucose metabolism disorders. However, the ability of XYS to ameliorate depression-like behavior as well as metabolic dysfunction in mice and the underlying mechanisms are unclear.An in vivo animal model of depression was established by chronic social defeat stress (CSDS). XYS and fluoxetine were administered by gavage to the drug intervention group. Depression-like behaviors were analyzed by the social interaction test, open field test, forced swim test, and elevated plus maze test. Glucose levels were measured using the oral glucose tolerance test. The involvement of certain molecules was validated by immunofluorescence, histopathology, and Western blotting. In vitro, hypothalamic primary neurons were exposed to high glucose to induce neuronal damage, and the neuroprotective effect of XYS was evaluated by cell counting kit-8 assay. Immunofluorescence and Western blotting were used to evaluate the influences of XYS on adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1), adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) and other related proteins.XYS ameliorated CSDS-induced depression-like behaviors and glucose tolerance impairment in mice and increased the level of serum adiponectin. XYS also restored Nissl bodies in hypothalamic neurons in mice that exhibited depression-like behaviors and decreased the degree of neuronal morphological damage. In vivo and in vitro studies indicated that XYS increased the expression of AdipoR1 in hypothalamic neurons.Adiponectin may be a key regulator linking depression and metabolic disorders; regulation of the hypothalamic AdipoR1/AMPK/ACC pathway plays an important role in treatment of depression by XYS.

Vascular calcification (VC) is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in patients with atherosclerosis (AS), chronic kidney disease, and diabetes. Dickkopf1 (Dkk1) is a multifunctional secreted glycoprotein that has been explored as a novel potential antitumor target. Recently, Dkk1 was shown to be closely associated with AS development. However, the role of Dkk1 in VC remains elusive. In this study, we explored the role and molecular mechanisms of Dkk1 in VC based on a smooth muscle-specific Dkk1-knockout (Dkk1

As one of the most useful cosmological distance indicators, type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) play an important role in the study of cosmology. However, the progenitors of SNe Ia are still uncertain. It has been suggested that carbon-oxygen white dwarf (CO WD)+He subgiant systems could produce SNe Ia through the double-degenerate (DD) model, in which the He subgiant transfers He-rich matter to the primary CO WD and finally evolves to another CO WD. Recently, a CO WD+He star system (i.e., HD 265435) has been discovered to be a new SNe Ia progenitor candidate based on the DD model. The orbital period of the system is about 0.0688 days, and the masses of the CO WD and the He star are 1.01 ± 0.15 M ⊙ and 0.63 − 0.12 + 0.13 M ⊙, respectively. In this work, we evolve a large number of primordial binaries to the formation of CO WD+He star systems and investigate the evolutionary history of HD 265435. We find that HD 265435 may originate from a primordial binary that has a 5.18 M ⊙ primary and a 3.66 M ⊙ secondary with an initial orbital period of 5200 days. The CO WD+He star system would be formed after the primordial binary experiences two common-envelope ejection processes. We also find that HD 265435 would evolve to a double WD system with a total mass of 1.58 M ⊙ after a stable mass-transfer process, and the double WD system would merge driven by gravitational wave radiation. We estimate that it would take about 76 Myr for HD 265435 to form an SN Ia. In addition, HD 265435 would be a potential target of space-based gravitational wave observatories (e.g., LISA, Taiji and TianQin).

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) being the most lethal subtype. Neuritin (Nrn) is a neurotropic factor that has been reported to have neuroprotective effects in acute brain and spinal cord injury. However, whether Nrn has a protective role in ICH has not been investigated. In this study, ICH was induced in C57BL/6 J mice by injection of collagenase VII, while the overexpression of Nrn in the striatum was induced by an adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9) vector. We found that compared with GFP-ICH mice, Nrn-ICH mice showed improved performance in the corner, cylinder and forelimb tests after ICH, and showed less weight loss and more rapid weight recovery. Overexpression of Nrn reduced brain lesions, edema, neuronal death and white matter and synaptic integrity dysfunction caused by ICH. Western blot results showed that phosphorylated PERK and ATF4 were significantly inhibited, while phosphorylation of Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin was increased in the Nrn-ICH group, compared with the GFP-ICH group. Whole cell recording from motor neurons indicated that overexpression of Nrn reversed the decrease of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) and action potential frequencies induced by ICH. These data show that Nrn improves neurological deficits in mice with ICH by reducing brain lesions and edema, inhibiting neuronal death, and possibly by increasing neuronal connections.

Background Ratcheting strain is produced due to the repeated accumulation of compressive strain in cartilage and may be a precursor to osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to investigate the ratcheting behaviors of young and adult articular cartilages under cyclic compression by experiments and theoretical predictions. Methods A series of uniaxial cyclic compression tests were conducted for young and adult cartilage, and the effects of different loading conditions on their ratcheting behaviors were probed. A theoretical ratcheting model was constructed and applied to predict the ratcheting strains of young and adult cartilages with different loading conditions. Results Ratcheting strains of young and adult cartilages rapidly increased at the initial stage, followed by a slower increase in subsequent stages. The strain accumulation value and its rate for young cartilage were greater than them for adult cartilage. The ratcheting strains of the two groups of cartilage samples decreased with increasing stress rate, while they increased with increasing stress amplitude. As the stress amplitude increased, the gap between the ratcheting strains of young and adult cartilages increased gradually. The ratcheting strains of young and adult cartilages decreased along the cartilage depth from the surface to the deep layer. The ratcheting strains of different layers increased with the compressive cycle, and the difference among the three layers was noticeable. Additionally, the theoretical predictions agreed with the experimental data. Conclusions Overall, the ratcheting behavior of articular cartilage is affected by the degree of articular cartilage maturation.

Excited-state energy levels for quartet states 1s22l2l′nl″ (n=2–7; l=s, p; l′=s, p; l″=s, p, d, f) pertaining to 4Le,o (m) (L=S, P, D; m=1–5) Rydberg series in Si9+ ion are studied, using multi-configuration Rayleigh-Ritz variation method. Corrections for the relativistic effects, mass polarization effect, and quantum electrodynamics (QED) effect are taken into account to obtain the accurate relativistic energies. Transition probabilities, line strengths, oscillator strengths, and wavelengths of electric-dipole transitions between these quartet states are systematically calculated and compared with available reference data. These calculated data could be used for the identification of spectral lines arising from the coronal atmospheres and experimental study in future work.

Since the accumulations of ratcheting strain combined with creep deformation, which are produced in normal activities, can accelerate the fatigue damage of cartilage in joint, the creep-ratcheting and creep-recovery-ratcheting behaviors of articular cartilage are experimentally investigated under creep-fatigue loads. The effect of pre-creep on ratcheting behavior of cartilage was probed firstly and it is found that the initial ratcheting strain of cartilage presents the larger value (30% and 35%) due to its pre-creep deformation in spite of the short pre-creep time applied. With the increasing pre-creep time the ratcheting strain of sample increases while the ratcheting strain rate decreases. The effects of pre-creep and recovery on ratcheting behavior of cartilage were also investigated and it is noted that the strain of cartilage increases fast at first, decreases partly and then changes periodically with cyclic stress. The ratcheting strain evolutions of different layers are not coincident for cartilage sample after the pre-creep or pre-creep-recovery and the ratcheting strains of different layers with pre-creep are larger than them with pre-creep-recovery. Finally the creep-ratcheting strain of cartilage with different peak-holding time during cyclic compression was studied and it is found that the creep-ratcheting strain with peak-holding time is significantly greater than that without peak-holding time. The creep-ratcheting strain increases with increase of peak-holding time or stress amplitude, while it reduces with rising of stress rate. The creep-ratcheting behavior of cartilage is dependent on its depth. These findings point out that the accumulated deformations, including creep deformation and ratcheting deformation, can accelerate the cartilage's damage.

Background Hypothermia secondary to accidental exposure is becoming increasingly prevalent in the general population; however, the mechanisms and early treatments of hypothermia require additional study. Methods A hypothermia-rewarming SD rat model was established by immersing rats in 15˚C seawater for 5h and then rewarming at 37˚C for 2, 6 and 12 h. The rats were randomly divided into a normal control group (group C), hypothermia group (group H) and rewarming group (group R). The changes in the levels of inflammatory factors and pathophysiology of the intestinal tissues of rats were assessed. The blood was collected in test tubes, and the levels of cytokines in the separated plasma were detected using ELISA. The intestinal tissue was ground and lysed, and protein expression profiles of 67 inflammatory factors were measured using a protein chip. These samples were further subjected to reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q)PCR analysis and tissue section staining. Results The temperature of the abdomen and the physiological state of the rats was significantly altered during immersion in the hypothermic seawater, and returned to normal after rewarming. The protein chip showed that inflammatory factors, including IL-1β, IL-10 and IL-6, were differentially expressed in the intestine. Using ELISA, it was shown that IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 levels were also upregulated in the plasma. Comparing the ratios of IL-1β to IL-6 and IL-1β to IL-10, IL-1β was found to be significantly more upregulated compared with IL-10 and IL-6 in the intestine during hypothermia. The immunohistochemical staining of IL-1β showed that IL-1βexpression first increased then decreased during the rewarming period, and similar results were obtained based on RT-qPCR analysis. Conclusion Rewarming at 37˚C may be a suitable method for early treatment of hypothermia, and IL-1β may serve as a potential biomarker for assessing the severity of hypothermia.

To systematically evaluate the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) compounds combined with levodopa medicine in the treatment of Parkinson's disease(PD), and screen basic herbs to provide certain evidence-based medical proof and program for better guidance on clinical drug use. Six databases were searched to screen out the randomized controlled trial on the TCM compounds combined with levodopa medicine in the treatment of PD. Literature quality of the included studies was evaluated by improved Jadad rating scale, and the Meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 5.3 software. After the data of the basic TCM compounds involved were sorted out, the strong association rules were found by using Apriori algorithm of SPSS Modeler 18.0 software, and then the basic herbs for the treatment of PD could be picked out. A total of 20 studies were eventually included, involving 1 784 patients. Ten studies were of high-quality literature, Jadad score≥4 points. Meta-analysis showed that efficacy of TCM combined with levodopa medicine was better than levodopa medicine alone in lowering Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale(UPDRS) score: UPDRS Ⅰ(MD=-0.43, 95%CI[-0.62,-0.24], Plt;0.000 1), UPDRS Ⅱ(MD=-2.72, 95%CI[-3.24,-2.21], Plt;0.000 01), UPDRS Ⅲ(MD =-1.97, 95%CI[-2.69,-1.25], Plt;0.000 01), UPDRS Ⅳ(MD=-0.28, 95%CI[-0.46,-0.11], P=0.002). And the improvement in UPDRS score reduction rate of TCM combined with levodopa medicine was better than that in levodopa medicine alone: effective rate(OR=4.81, 95%CI[3.50, 6.62], Plt;0.000 01). Data mining results showed that the basic prescription for treating PD consisted of Paeoniae Radix Alba-Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata-Gastrodiae Rhizoma in general. According to each part of UPDRS, the basic prescription for treating mentation, behavior and mood(UPDRS Ⅰ) consists of Paeoniae Radix Alba-Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Melle, Among which Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Melle might have unique efficacy. The basic prescriptions for treating UPDRS Ⅱ and UPDRS Ⅲ consisted of Paeoniae Radix Alba-Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, or Chuanxiong Rhizoma-Angelicae Sinensis Radix(two drug combinations). However, in the treatment of UPDRS Ⅳ, the drugs were scattered. But due to the limitations in the quantity and quality of clinical studies, the results obtained still need further research and clinical confirmation of its efficacy.

In order to improve the accuracy of the performance evaluation of Wushu Sanda athletes, the performance evaluation model of Wushu Sanda athletes was designed based on visual signal processing. First, extract the contours of Wushu Sanda athletes, then collect the performance information of Wushu Sanda athletes, and finally complete the performance evaluation through the establishment of the performance evaluation index of Wushu Sanda athletes and the index processing. Experimental results show that the evaluation model designed in this study not only improves the accuracy of evaluation, but also has a higher evaluation efficiency.

The current feasibility analysis of specific courses, expert analysis or single item analysis is usually used, and the results are relatively one-sided, so it is difficult to achieve a comprehensive feasibility analysis. Therefore, this paper designs the feasibility analysis model of Wushu Sanda course in universities based on deep learning. First of all, the relationship between curriculum system and training objectives is analyzed, and the relationship matrix between curriculum and objectives is established. Then according to the relationship between training objectives, the importance of the course is analyzed. After that, the training objective factors in the course are analyzed to realize the course process data. At last, use deep learning technology to analyze the marginal characteristics of data, and get the feasibility results of the course. The experiment is designed to analyze the feasibility of Wushu Sanda course in a university. The experimental results show that the model can analyze the feasibility of the course, and get the data for reference to meet the design requirements.

Neuritin is a neurotrophic factor involved in neural development and synaptic plasticity. However, its role in modulating synaptic transmission remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of neuritin on miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) and glutamate release in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in mice. Incubation of mPFC slices with neuritin for 45 min significantly increased mEPSC frequency and glutamate release as measured by high-performance liquid chromatography, which was mimicked by insulin and abrogated by an insulin receptor (IR) inhibitor. Neuritin-induced upregulation of synaptic transmission was correlated with activation of ERK, and inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinases/extracellular signal-regulated kinases (MEK/ERK) activity attenuated the neuritin-induced increase in mEPSC frequency and glutamate release. T-type calcium channel inhibitors but not the L-type inhibitor abolished the inward calcium current and the effects of neuritin on mEPSC frequency and glutamate release. Western blotting of membrane proteins showed that neuritin promoted surface expression of CaV3.3 α-subunit, which was also eliminated by inhibition of IR or MEK/ERK activity. The effects of neuritin on mEPSC frequency, glutamate release, and CaV3.3 α-subunit expression were inhibited by an intracellular protein-transport inhibitor. These results confirm involvement of the IR and ERK signaling pathway, and provide novel insights into the mechanisms of neuritin function in synaptic transmission.

This article investigates the thermal and deformational behavior in a copper steel composite stave for blast furnace process and analyzes the effects of copper layer thickness and reinforcing rib thickness on temperature, deformation and copper–steel interface thermal stress of copper steel composite stave. The model is validated by stave thermocouple data. The peak temperature of rib and brick hot-face are 177 °C and 966 °C, respectively. Copper steel composite stave deforms into the typical parabolic arc due to the expansion of the stave hot-face which is constrained by cool-face and furnace shell. A peak copper–steel interface stress, about 114 MPa, is found near the top or bottom border of the interface. Increasing reinforcing rib thickness and decreasing copper layer thickness are available in decreasing the thermal deformation and copper–steel interface stress of copper steel composite stave. The reinforcing rib thickness is found to be the most important for the stave thermal deformation behavior.

Purpose The use of parecoxib plus opioids for postoperative analgesia in noncardiac surgical patients seems to be cost-saving in Europe due to a reduction in opioid use and opioid-related adverse events. Given the lack of information on postoperative analgesic use in Asia, this study assessed the economic consequences of the addition of parecoxib to opioids vs opioids alone to treat postsurgical pain in China. Methods A cost-consequence economic evaluation assessed direct medical costs related to opioid-related clinically meaningful events (CMEs) utilizing dosing information and reported frequency of events from a Phase III, randomized, double-blind, global clinical trial (PARA-0505-069) of parecoxib plus opioids vs opioids alone for 3 days following major orthopedic, abdominal, gynecologic, or noncardiac thoracic surgery requiring general or regional anesthesia. The cost of CMEs was calculated using information on resource utilization and unit costs provided by a panel of clinical experts in China. Sensitivity analyses were performed to test the robustness of the results. Results Patients treated with parecoxib plus opioids reported fewer CMEs (mean 0.62 vs 1.04 events per patient [P

The quantum quench dynamics of the one-dimensional Ising model in transverse field is investigated using the quantum renormalisation group method. The analytic expression of concurrence C(t) is obtained, where the initial state is a superposition state which is constructed from the eigenstates of pure Ising system. The effect of parameter a in the period and range of concurrence are exhibited respectively in the vicinity of the critical point, which show scaling behaviour. When effective magnetic field g is big enough, the maximum limit value is 1.0. However, the minimum value is different, which is also dependent on the evolved time t.

Neuritin is an important neurotrophin that regulates neural development, synaptic plasticity, and neuronal survival. Elucidating the downstream molecular signaling is important for potential therapeutic applications of neuritin in neuronal dysfunctions. We previously showed that neuritin up-regulates transient potassium outward current (IA) subunit Kv4.2 expression and increases IA densities, in part by activating the insulin receptor signaling pathway. Molecular mechanisms of neuritin-induced Kv4.2 expression remain elusive. Here, we report that the Ca(2+)/calcineurin (CaN)/nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) c4 axis is required for neuritin-induced Kv4.2 transcriptional expression and potentiation of IA densities in cerebellum granule neurons. We found that neuritin elevates intracellular Ca(2+) and increases Kv4.2 expression and IA densities; this effect was sensitive to CaN inhibition and was eliminated in Nfatc4(-/-) mice but not in Nfatc2(-/-) mice. Stimulation with neuritin significantly increased nuclear accumulation of NFATc4 in cerebellum granule cells and HeLa cells, which expressed IR. Furthermore, NFATc4 was recruited to the Kv4.2 gene promoter loci detected by luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. More importantly, data obtained from cortical neurons following adeno-associated virus-mediated overexpression of neuritin indicated that reduced neuronal excitability and increased formation of dendritic spines were abrogated in the Nfatc4(-/-) mice. Together, these data demonstrate an indispensable role for the CaN/NFATc4 signaling pathway in neuritin-regulated neuronal functions.

The energies, fine structure splittings, transition rates, and lifetimes of inner-shell excited sextet states 1s2s2p2nl, (n = 2–7; l = s, p, d) and 1s2p33p of the boron isoelectronic sequence (Z = 8–13) are investigated using the multi-configuration Rayleigh–Ritz variation method. The mass polarization effect and relativistic corrections are included by first-order perturbation theory. Configuration structures of the high-n inner-shell excited sextet series 6Se,o(m) and 6Pe,o(m) (m = 1–5) of boron-like Na6+ ion are assigned. The wavelengths and transition rates of electric-dipole transitions between 6Pe(m) and 6Po(m) (m = 1–5) states are calculated. The quantum electrodynamics (QED) effects and higher order relativistic corrections are also considered to obtain more accurate transition wavelengths. The predicted transition wavelengths agree well with the available theoretical and experimental data. The lifetimes for the inner-shell excited sextet states 6Pe(m) (m = 1–5) are also reported and discussed with the increase of nuclear charge number, Z. These theoretical data are useful for the identification of spectral lines in experiments and the design of XUV and soft X-ray lasers.

A comprehensive theoretical study of atomic characteristics of energy levels and transitions for the core-excited 6Se,o(n) and 6Pe,o(n) (n=1–5) states of the boron isoelectronic sequence (Z=6–14) are investigated by the Rayleigh–Ritz variation method and multi-configuration interaction wavefunctions. The relativistic corrections and mass polarization effects are included by first-order perturbation theory. The configuration structures of the high-lying sextet series 6Se,o(n) and 6Pe,o(n) (n=1–5) of the B-like ions are assigned. The transition rates and wavelengths for the electric dipole transitions 6Se,o(n)—6Po,e(n) (n=1–5) of the B-like ions are calculated and compared with currently available theoretical and experimental data. Furthermore, the radiative transition rates and wavelengths for the important dipole transitions are discussed with the increase of nuclear charge number Z. The calculations will provide useful data for identification of spectral lines arising from the solar atmosphere and the experimental study in future work.

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text, To assess treatment response and overall survival (OS) in refractory or relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (R/R AML) patients treated by different common salvage chemotherapy regimens. Medical records data from 142 R/R AML patients were reviewed in this retrospective study. Patients were treated with regimens based on the following drugs: cytarabine, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and fludarabine (FLAG) (n = 46); cytarabine and G-CSF in addition to aclarubicin or daunorubicin (CAG/DAG) (n = 30); cytarabine, G-CSF, and cladribine (CLAG) (n = 27); cytarabine, etoposide, and mitoxantrone (MEA) (n = 17); cytarabine plus idarubicin, daunorubicin, or mitoxantrone (IA/DA/MA) (n = 12); and homoharringtonine, cytarabine, and aclarubicin or daunorubicin (HAA/HAD) (n = 10). A total of 43 (35.2%) patients achieved complete remission (CR), 60 (49.2%) patients achieved overall remission rate (ORR), and 18 (14.8%) patients received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) after CR. Median OS was 8.0 (95% CI 6.6–9.4) months with a 1-year OS rate of (29.9 ± 3.9)% and 3-year OS rate of (11.1 ± 3.6)%. No difference of CR (P = .621), ORR (P = .385), and allo-HSCT (P = .537) achievement was observed among different chemotherapy regimens. Interestingly, we observed that the CLAG-based regimen did not affect CR (P = .165), while it achieved a numerically higher ORR (P = .093) and was an independent factor for prolonged OS (P = .016). No other regimens were determined to be correlated with CR, ORR, or OS. FLAG-, CAG/DAG-, CLAG-, MEA-, IA/DA/MA- and HAA/HAD-based regimens were found to achieve similar CR rates, while the CLAG-based regimen achieved numerically higher ORR rates and significant favorable OS. Therefore, CLAG-based regimens should be a prioritized treatment option for R/R AML patients.

With the progress of science and technology, robot technology has a rapid development and penetrated into the social production of all aspects. To achieve the natural communication between men and machine that voice interaction is the future of human- computer interaction mainstream. While network language constitutes an important part of people's daily life in the information age, some negative phenomena also arise—the abuse of the Internet violence language. In this paper, through the introduction of speech recognition and synthesis technology, the NAO robot is developed and embedded in the open artificial intelligence platform of IFLYTEK, which is based on the vocabulary of high frequency Internet violence and the corresponding quiz database is established at the same time. When people talk with the NAO containing the Internet violence language, the robot will prompt immediately and persuades them to use civilized language, which will standardize the network language environment, and further promote the construction of socialist spiritual civilization.

Background: One-lung ventilation (OLV) can result in local and systemic inflammation. This prospective, randomized trial was to evaluate the effect of therapeutic hypercapnia on lung injury after OLV. Method: Fifty patients aged 20 to 60 yr undergoing lobectomy were randomly provided with air or carbon dioxide (partial pressure of carbon dioxide: 35 to 45 mmHg or 60 to 70 mmHg). Peak pressure, plateau pressure, and lung compliance were recorded. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and blood samples were collected. Adverse events were monitored. The primary outcome was the concentration of BALF tumor necrosis factor, and the secondary outcomes were serum cytokine concentrations. Results: The BALF tumor necrosis factor was lower in the carbon dioxide group than in the air group (median [range], 51.1 [42.8 to 76.6] vs. 71.2 [44.8 to 92.7]; P = 0.034). Patients in the carbon dioxide group had lower concentrations of serum and BALF interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and IL-8, but higher serum concentrations of IL-10, accompanied by reduced numbers of cells and neutrophils as well as lower concentrations of protein in the BALF. Also, patients in the carbon dioxide group had lower peak (mean ± SD, 22.2 ± 2.9 vs. 29.8 ± 4.6) and plateau pressures (20.5 ± 2.4 vs. 27.1 ± 2.9), but higher dynamic compliance (46.6 ± 5.8 vs. 38.9 ± 6.5). Furthermore, patients in the carbon dioxide group had higher postoperation oxygenation index values. Ten patients experienced slightly increased blood pressure and heart rate during OLV in the carbon dioxide group. Conclusion: Under intravenous anesthesia, therapeutic hypercapnia inhibits local and systematic inflammation and improves respiratory function after OLV in lobectomy patients without severe complications.

Tramadol is a synthetic opioid which has analgesic efficacy in the postoperative pain. It is metabolized by polymorphic enzyme cytochrome P450 (CYP2D6). Patients with different CYP2D6 genotypes would have different responses to tramadol in pain relief. The CYP2D6*10 allele is the most common allele in a Chinese population. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the different CYP2D6*10 genotypes have an effect on the postoperative tramadol analgesia in the Chinese population after elective nephrectomy.One hundred and twenty patients after performed elective nephrectomy were enrolled in this study after being approved by the local Ethics Committee. The patients were given patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) which included 10 mg/ml tramadol after receiving a loading dose of 100 mg tramadol and 1 mg granisetron intravenously. Blood samples were collected after induction of anesthesia. The CYP2D6*10 polymorphism was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). According to the results, the patients were divided into three groups (CYP2D6*1/*1, n = 33; CYP2D6*1/*10, n = 28; CYP2D6*10/*10, n = 50). The total consumption of tramadol, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, and PCA control times among the three genotype groups for 2, 4, 24, 48, and 72 h after operation were compared.Nine out of 120 patients were dropped out of the study; 111 patients completed the study. The frequency of CYP2D6*10 allele was 57.7%. The demographic data among the three groups were comparable. The consumption of tramadol, patient self-control times of pump, and VAS score in CYP2D6*10/*10 group were significantly higher than that in CYP2D6*1/*1 or CYP2D6*1/*10 group at 2 and 4 h (P0.05), while it did not differ between CYP2D6*1/*1 and CYP2D6*1/*10 group (P0.05). There was no difference in the incidence of nausea and vomiting among the three groups (P0.05). No sever apnea was recorded in these groups.Different CYP2D6*10 genotypes have an influence on the analgesic effect of tramadol in Han nationality patients after elective nephrectomy.

Background: Transcription regulation is essential for angiogenesis, but the role of Irx3 in this process remains to be defined. Results: Irx3 promotes endothelial cell migration and tip cell specification through VEGF-Notch signaling. Conclusion: Irx3 is a novel proangiogenic mediator of endothelial cell migration and cell fate. Significance: Manipulation of Irx3 may provide novel therapeutic strategies in adult vascular pathologies., Angiogenesis is a dynamic process required for embryonic development. However, postnatal vascular growth is characteristic of multiple disease states. Despite insights into the multistep process in which adhesion molecules, extracellular matrix proteins, growth factors, and their receptors work in concert to form new vessels from the preexisting vasculature, there remains a lack of insight of the nuclear transcriptional mechanisms that occur within endothelial cells (ECs) in response to VEGF. Iroquois homeobox gene 3 (Irx3) is a transcription factor of the Iroquois family of homeobox genes. Irx homeodomain transcription factors are involved in the patterning and development of several tissues. Irx3 is known for its role during embryogenesis in multiple organisms. However, the expression and function of Irx3 in human postnatal vasculature remains to be investigated. Here we show that Irx3 is expressed in human microvascular endothelial cells, and expression is elevated by VEGF stimulation. Genetic Irx3 gain and loss of function studies in human microvascular endothelial cells resulted in the modulation of EC migration during wound healing, chemotaxis and invasion, and tubulogenesis. Additionally, we observed increased delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4) expression, which suggests an increase in EC tip cell population. Finally, siRNA screening studies revealed that transient knockdown of Hey1, a downstream Notch signaling mediator, resulted in increased Irx3 expression in response to VEGF treatment. Strategies to pharmacologically regulate Irx3 function in adult endothelial cells may provide new therapies for angiogenesis.

This network meta-analysis was conducted to compare effects of different placebo-controlled insulin-sensitizing drugs, including metformin, pioglitazone, rosiglitazone and troglitazone on hormonal parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. We searched PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases from their inception to July 2017. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) met our inclusion criteria were included. We combined direct and indirect evidences to evaluate weighted mean difference (WMD) value and draw surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA). Totally 28 eligible RCTs were enrolled. The network meta-analysis results indicated that: Compared with placebo, patients treated with pioglitazone had relatively higher sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) (nmol/L) level (WMD = 6.65, 95%CI = 0.57 ∼ 12.98), patients treated with metformin had comparatively lower total testosterone (TT) (ng/mL) level (WMD = -0.20, 95%CI = -0.39 ∼ -0.02); Compared with rosiglitazone, patients treated with metformin had relatively higher estradiol (E2) (pg/mL) level (WMD = 47.91, 95% CI = 11.44 ∼ 85.55). However, there were no statistical significance among the placebo-controlled insulin-sensitizing drugs in follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) (IU/L), luteinizing hormone (LH) (IU/L), dehydroepiandrostrone-sulphate (DHEAS) (µg/dL), free testosterone (FT) (pg/mL) and androstenedione (ng/mL). The results of cluster analysis showed that rosiglitazone may be the best drug for PCOS patients regarding to DHEAS, TT, FSH and LH, metformin may be the best drug for PCOS patients as for E2, FT and androstenedione. Rosiglitazone had the best effect on PCOS patients in terms of DHEAS, TT, FSH and LH, metformin had the best effect on PCOS patients for E2, FT and androstenedione. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is a member of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily. GDF-15 expression is dramatically upregulated during acute brain injury, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and inflammation, suggesting its potential value as a disease biomarker. It has been suggested that GDF-15 has neurotropic effects in the nervous system. Our studies showed that GDF-15 modulated the expression of neuronal K

The aim of this research is to verify the effectiveness of smoke exhaust system including natural, longitudinal and semi-transverse system in urban underground fast road. For this research, a series of hot smoke tests were accomplished in experimental field in The Ministry of Transportation test site. The temperature distributions were recorded by thermocouples and the smoke flow laws were counted by visibility sensors. Meanwhile, the temperature distributions in the tunnel has been simulated by using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software of ANSYS CFX. In terms of the experiments and simulation above, the smoke flow characteristics were demonstrated. Some valuable advices are given finally which can be applied to the design of smoke exhausted system in urban underground fast road.

T cells play a key role in lung ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). Hypercapnia has been indicated to decrease IRI and inhibit immunity. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of hypercapnia on T cells during lung IRI and to identify the underlying mechanism of these effects. In the in vivo study, rat recipients of lung transplants were randomized into a control group M and a hypercapnia group H. Peripheral blood T cells and cytokines were analyzed during reperfusion. In the in vitro study, we analyzed the T cells and cytokine levels in culture media from phytohemagglutinin-stimulated T cells from normal rats, stimulated under the normal (group C), hypercapnic (group H), or buffer hypercapnic (group BH) condition. In the in vivo study, the CD3+/CD4+ T-cell ratio and interleukin (IL)-2, IL-8, interferon (IFN)-γ, intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, and P-selectin levels were decreased, but the IL-4 and IL-10 levels were increased, after reperfusion in group H compared to group M. In the in vitro study, groups H and BH exhibited a decreased CD2+/CD28+ ratio and IL-2 and IFN-γ levels, but elevated IL-4 and IL-10 levels, compared to group C. The CD2+/CD28+ ratio was not different between groups BH and H; however, group H evidenced a lower IL-2 level and higher IL-4 and IL-10 levels compared to group BH. Hypercapnia decreased the CD3+/CD4+ T-cell ratio and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, but promoted anti-inflammatory factors in lung IRI. Hypercapnia inhibits CD2 and CD28 in T cells by CO2 and modulates T-cell cytokines via acidosis.

This paper intends to reveal that materialism is how to influence the pro-environmental behavior in materialism, environmental beliefs and environmental concerns. A person who has materialistic tendency, his behavior is extremely harmful to the ecological environment. But environmental beliefs and environmental concerns are helpful to formation of the environment friendly behavior. The pro-environmental behaviors are classified into two kinds: one is cycle and substitution, which is the goods or services with low material and recyclable material for consumer choice; the other is to directly reduce material consumption or frugal consumption, which means reducing the consumption of non-necessities. With the help of establishing structural equation model of pro-environmental behavior and its influence factors, the relationship between factors and behavior is tested. The conclusions are as follows: Materialism impact on environmental beliefs and environmental concerns were significant negative; environmental beliefs on environmental concerns were significant positive; environmental concerns on the cycle and alternative behaviors were significant positive, but environmental concerns on frugal behaviors did not have a significant positive. As negative effects of the materialistic values and norms, the formation of Pro-environmental behaviors is difficult.

The slow-start threshold in the current TCP Reno algorithm is a fixed value, and it does not change with the current network congestion status, which is prone to end the slow-start course too early or too late. Round-trip time (RTT) can reflect the current network status better. The paper presents a dynamic adjustment algorithm of slow-start threshold based on RTT, by which the value of slow-start threshold is dynamically adjusted according to the current RTT. Simulation results show that it effectively reduces congestion collapse in congestion state, and throughput is further improved under ideal network status.

Although melatonin (MT) has been reported to protect cells against oxidative damage induced by electromagnetic radiation, few reports have addressed whether there are other protective mechanisms. Here, we investigated the effects of MT on extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF)-induced Nav activity in rat cerebellar granule cells (GCs). Exposing cerebellar GCs to ELF-EMF for 60 min. significantly increased the Nav current (INa ) densities by 62.5%. MT (5 μM) inhibited the ELF-EMF-induced INa increase. This inhibitory effect of MT is mimicked by an MT2 receptor agonist and was eliminated by an MT2 receptor antagonist. The Nav channel steady-state activation curve was significantly shifted towards hyperpolarization by ELF-EMF stimulation but remained unchanged by MT in cerebellar GC that were either exposed or not exposed to ELF-EMF. ELF-EMF exposure significantly increased the intracellular levels of phosphorylated PKA in cerebellar GCs, and both MT and IIK-7 did not reduce the ELF-EMF-induced increase in phosphorylated PKA. The inhibitory effects of MT on ELF-EMF-induced Nav activity was greatly reduced by the calmodulin inhibitor KN93. Calcium imaging showed that MT did not increase the basal intracellular Ca(2+) level, but it significantly elevated the intracellular Ca(2+) level evoked by the high K(+) stimulation in cerebellar GC that were either exposed or not exposed to ELF-EMF. In the presence of ruthenium red, a ryanodine-sensitive receptor blocker, the MT-induced increase in intracellular calcium levels was reduced. Our data show for the first time that MT protects against neuronal INa that result from ELF-EMF exposure through Ca(2+) influx-induced Ca(2+) release.