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Asia is the largest continent in the world, known for its thriving biocultural diversity. Today, countries in Asia are experiencing a rapid social, demographic, and economic transformation, thereby placing this [...]

Folk residence in the cold region of Northeast China is an integral part of China's traditional folk residence, with significant geographical representation. In this paper, we take the residential compounds of villages and towns in the cold region of Northeast China as the research object, summarize four typical layout forms of residential compounds of villages and towns in the cold region of Northeast China, simulate the wind environment of combinations of different layout forms in winter using the computer numerical simulation software Fluent, and then analyze and evaluate the wind environment of the compounds, including the evaluation standard of the wind speed ratio and considering the area of wind shadows, number of vortices, and other factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the numerical hydrodynamic simulation has been carried out by using measured topographic data and related tidal information. The oil particle tracking module of MIKE21 is adopted to study the processes of drifting and turbulent diffusion of oil particles on the water surface, where four working conditions, namely, static wind, dominant wind direction, maximum wind direction and most unfavourable wind direction, are applied. Results show that Xiushan Island will be the apparent ‘victim’ in the cases of oil spill in all wind directions. Meanwhile, due to the existence of Changbai Island and Xiushan Island, the diffusion process of oil particles is obviously retarded to impact the protected marine areas.

With the construction of a large number of affordable housing and the development of green buildings, the design of green affordable housing has become a new concern and research topic in China’s residential architectural design, and the interior design of affordable housing has become a top priority. This article takes Changchun city as an example, through the research of affordable housing in Changchun, visit, found the main problems existing in the status quo, in view of the problems put forward housing interior space design optimization principle, and according to the design principles of indoor space scale, provides a good green indoor living environment for green residential tenants in cold areas.

After half a century of development, green buildings have gradually formed a relatively sophisticated system. Based on the development status of green buildings and the climatic characteristics of cold region cities, the paper analyses the key technologies applicable to cold region cities in combination with actual projects, and provides a theoretical and applied basis for promoting the sustainable development of green buildings in severe cold regions.

Due to the poor transport system, remoteness and few channels to access to information from the outside world in most minority-inhabited areas in China, buildings in these areas are well preserved. In particular, dwellings in these places show low-tech and ecological features. Different types and the natural environment of the plateau where Shangri-La lies provide people with a variety of living resources. As living environments vary in different areas, different inhabitation forms have been formed. Tibetan people adjust measures to local conditions and excel at using local materials and appropriate technologies to build houses. In this paper, a case study is made of traditional dwellings in Tibetan-inhabited areas in Shangri-La, to analyze low-tech and ecological strategies for traditional dwellings in Tibetan-inhabited areas in Shangri-La, from three aspects: regional environment measures, building technologies and the spatial order system.

Orthogonal experiment with four factors and four levels was used to optimize the proportion of additives in the preparation of new wall foamed bricks by coupling desulfurization ash and slag, the phase composition and micro-morphology of foamed bricks under the optimized proportion scheme were observed, and the hydration reaction mechanism of foamed bricks was analyzed. The results show that the optimum proportion of additives in green wall foamed bricks is: water reducer content is 0.01%, accelerator content is 0.2%, sodium silicate content is 0.5% and sodium citrate content is 0.05%. The compressive strength of foamed bricks with optimized additives ratio after 28 days of natural curing is about 8.98 MPa, dry density is 802 kg/m³, drying shrinkage is 0.31 mm/m, thermal conductivity is 0.13 W/(m·K), which conforms to B08 requirements, under the optimum additive mixing scheme, the hydration products in foamed bricks are mainly Ca(OH)2, C-S-H, AFt and calcium tricarbonate, the formation of these hydration products helps to improve the strength of foamed bricks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

aiming at the gas channeling problem in CO2 flooding in Zhongyuan oilfield, CO2 foam plugged channeling system with heat resistance and tolerance to salt was developed. The amphoteric surfactant imidazoline was selected to be foaming agent and copolymer TL3000 was foam stabilizer in this system. The evaluation results in laboratory showed that the prescription had excellent synthetically function: resistant temperature 100?, salt tolerance 20×104 mg/L, calcium and magnesium resistance 5 000 mg/L. The formula was evaluated by CO2 gas inflation method, and the results showed that its half-life extends to 84 min, and surface tension is 30.6 mN/m while interfacial tension is 0.43 mN/m, and both of them are relatively lower. Visualization plugging experiment showed that this foam system has excellent foaming ability in porous medium. The core plugging test illustrated its strong plugged channeling ability with coefficient of resistance up to 25.63 and residual resistance factor of 9.4. 15 well times field application were launched, and the results indicated that the great plugging channeling capacity for CO2 gas channeling has provided a newly favorable attempt in controlling gas channeling problem in CO2 flooding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high-pressure behaviors of Mn 3 O 4 nanorods were studied by high pressure powder synchrotron X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. We found that the initial hausmannite phase transforms into the orthorhombic CaTi 2 O 4 -type structure, and then to the marokite-like phase upon compression. Upon decompression, the marokite-like phase is retained at the ambient pressure. Compared with Mn 3 O 4 bulk and nanoparticles, Mn 3 O 4 nanorods show obviously different phase transition behaviors. Upon compression, the phase transition sequence of Mn 3 O 4 nanorods is similar with the nanoparticles, while the decompression behavior is consistent with the bulk counterparts. The hausmannite phase shows higher stability and smaller bulk modulus in Mn 3 O 4 nanorods than those of the corresponding bulk and nanoparticles. We proposed that the higher phase stability and compressibility of the nanorods are concerned with their nanosize effects and the rod morphology. Both the growth orientation and the suppressed Jahn-Teller distortion of the Mn 3 O 4 nanorods are crucial factors for their high pressure behaviors., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest to declare., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)