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Abstract Objective This study aimed to reveal the role and mechanism of MG-132 in delaying hyperlipidemia-induced senescence of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Methods Immunohistochemistry and hematoxylin-eosin staining confirmed the therapeutic effect of MG-132 on arterial senescence in vivo and its possible mechanism. Subsequently, VSMCs were treated with sodium palmitate (PA), an activator (Recilisib) or an inhibitor (Pictilisib) to activate or inhibit PI3K, and CCK-8 and EdU staining, wound healing assays, Transwell cell migration assays, autophagy staining assays, reactive oxygen species assays, senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining, and Western blotting were performed to determine the molecular mechanism by which MG-132 inhibits VSMC senescence. Validation of the interaction between MG-132 and PI3K using molecular docking. Results Increased expression of p-PI3K, a key protein of the autophagy regulatory system, and decreased expression of the autophagy-associated proteins Beclin 1 and ULK1 were observed in the aortas of C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD), and autophagy was inhibited in aortic smooth muscle. MG-132 inhibits atherosclerosis by activating autophagy in VSMCs to counteract PA-induced cell proliferation, migration, oxidative stress, and senescence, thereby inhibiting VSMC senescence in the aorta. This process is achieved through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Conclusion MG-132 activates autophagy by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, thereby inhibiting palmitate-induced proliferation, migration, and oxidative stress in vascular smooth muscle cells and suppressing their senescence.

Abstract Dielectric capacitors are highly desired for electronic systems owing to their high-power density and ultrafast charge/discharge capability. However, the current dielectric capacitors suffer severely from the thermal instabilities, with sharp deterioration of energy storage performance at elevated temperatures. Here, guided by phase-field simulations, we conceived and fabricated the self-assembled metadielectric nanostructure with HfO2 as second-phase in BaHf0.17Ti0.83O3 relaxor ferroelectric matrix. The metadielectric structure can not only effectively increase breakdown strength, but also broaden the working temperature to 400 oC due to the enhanced relaxation behavior and substantially reduced conduction loss. The energy storage density of the metadielectric film capacitors can achieve to 85 joules per cubic centimeter with energy efficiency exceeding 81% in the temperature range from 25 °C to 400 °C. This work shows the fabrication of capacitors with potential applications in high-temperature electric power systems and provides a strategy for designing advanced electrostatic capacitors through a metadielectric strategy.

Abstract Objective Endovascular therapy (EVT) is the most successful treatment for patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to large vessel occlusion (LVO) in the anterior circulation. However, futile recanalization (FR) seriously affects the prognosis of these patients. The aim of this study was to investigate predictors of FR after EVT in patients with AIS. Method Patients diagnosed with AIS due to anterior circulation LVO and receiving EVT between June 2020 and October 2022 were prospectively enrolled. FR after EVT was defined as a poor 90-day prognosis (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score ≥ 3) despite achieving successful reperfusion (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction [mTICI] classification of 2b-3). All included patients were categorized into control group (mRS score

Abstract Trust is a crucial element in the consensus decision-making process, as it significantly impacts a group’s capacity to achieve consensus. Nevertheless, low trust by experts may result in detrimental decision-making behaviors that decrease group consensus degree. Meanwhile, it is important to note that experts’ opinions are not always reliable, and ignoring the unreliability degree of opinions may have an impact on the result of consensus decision-making. To deal with these issues, this paper proposes a trust improvement consensus model considering unreliability degree of opinions. First, considering that the discreteness of membership degree has a much smaller impact on the hesitancy degree in hesitant fuzzy elements than the number of membership degrees in extant research, an improved approach is suggested to quantify the unreliability degree of opinions. Second, a trust improvement method is proposed based on the score function for trust propagation path and the trust propagation operator considering unreliability degree of opinions. Third, a method for adjusting the opinions of experts is suggested, considering unreliability degree of opinions. Finally, the feasibility, effectiveness, and advantages of the proposed trust improvement consensus model are verified through a case study on the selection of cascade utilization alternatives for power lithium-ion batteries, as well as simulation and comparative analysis. The results show that: (1) The improved method exhibits a significant impact of the discreteness of membership degree on the hesitancy degree; (2) Trust improvement can facilitate group consensus, and the score function of trust propagation path can enhance trust degree among experts more effectively; (3) The unreliability degree of opinions not only affects the degree of trust improvement but also affects the ranking of alternatives. By taking into account the unreliability degree of opinions throughout the process of adjusting opinions, it is possible to promote group consensus and decrease the unreliability degree of opinions.

Over the past decades, there has been ongoing effort to develop complex biomimetic tissue engineering strategies for in vitro cultivation and maintenance of organoids. The defined hydrogels can create organoid models for various organs by changing their properties and various active molecules. An increasing number of researches has been done on the application of hydrogels in organoids, and a large number of articles have been published on the topic. Although there have been existing reviews describing the application of hydrogels in the field of organoids, there is still a lack of comprehensive studies summarizing and analyzing the overall research trends in this field. The citation can be used as an indicator of the scientific influence of an article in its field. This study aims to evaluate the application of hydrogels in organoids through bibliometric analysis, and to predict the hotspots and developing trends in this field.

Soil water is the main water source for plants, which is replenished by rainfall in the water-limited agricultural systems. Quantifying temporal dynamics of water soil deficit and its replenishment by rainfall can evaluate whether soil water meet the water demand for plants. This would provide accurate guide for when and how the irrigation practices conducted. However, this topic has not been deeply elucidated. In this study, soil water content at varied soil depths and precipitation were continuously monitored during two growing seasons in an apple orchard in the Loess Plateau of China. Soil water storage, soil water deficit and replenishment were also quantified. The results showed that soil water content varied temporally due to the impacts of rainfalls. Soil water storage at 0 ~ 200 cm depth ranged from 272.5 mm to 355.6 mm and the degree of soil water deficit ranged from 0.34 to 0.53 correspondingly. Meanwhile, replenishment of soil water by rainfall was 13.00% in 2017 and 9.78% in 2018, respectively. The qualitative relationship between monthly rainfalls and replenishment indicated that soil water was replenished by rainwater only at soil layers shallower than 160 cm. From the temporal dynamics of soil water content and deficit conditions, soil water could meet the water demand at the fruit expanding stage of apple trees. Irrigation measures should be taken to reduce the soil drought stress at this stage. This study provided an effective hydrological basis to improve the irrigation management of orchards and the efficiency of water resource.

Abstract Gastric cancer (GC) presents a formidable global health challenge, and conventional therapies face efficacy limitations. Ubiquitin‐specific protease 7 (USP7) plays pivotal roles in GC development, immune response, and chemo‐resistance, making it a promising target. Various USP7 inhibitors have shown selectivity and efficacy in preclinical studies. However, the mechanistic role of USP7 has not been fully elucidated, and currently, no USP7 inhibitors have been approved for clinical use. In this study, DHPO is identified as a potent USP7 inhibitor for GC treatment through in silico screening. DHPO demonstrates significant anti‐tumor activity in vitro, inhibiting cell viability and clonogenic ability, and preventing tumor migration and invasion. In vivo studies using orthotopic gastric tumor mouse models validate DHPO's efficacy in suppressing tumor growth and metastasis without significant toxicity. Mechanistically, DHPO inhibition triggers ferroptosis, evidenced by mitochondrial alterations, lipid Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), Malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, and iron overload. Further investigations unveil USP7's regulation of Stearoyl‐CoA Desaturase (SCD) through deubiquitination, linking USP7 inhibition to SCD degradation and ferroptosis induction. Overall, this study identifies USP7 as a key player in ferroptosis of GC, elucidates DHPO's inhibitory mechanisms, and highlights its potential for GC treatment by inducing ferroptosis through SCD regulation.