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Ophthalmoscopic examination may reveal papilledema and atrophy in intracranial lesions. It may show vascular and retinal changes indicative of cerebral or general systemic disturbances and it may not show anything, even with involvement of the intracranial portion of the visual system, the so-called cases of cerebral blindness. Another aid to the diagnosis of intracranial lesions, possibly of greater importance, is a thorough study of the visual fields. Here again the examination may be negative, but it should be pursued routinely and with care. When defects in the visual fields are found they may frequently aid in determining the location and nature of a lesion and its activity and prognosis. Further aid in diagnosis may be had by study of the reactions of the pupil and the state of the extraocular muscles and by observation of the function of the tissues innervated by the trigeminal and facial nerves as they concern

Four cases of spontaneous forward luxation of the eyeball have been reported. Various theories have been advanced suggesting anatomical anomalies whose physiological or functional activities permit such action. In this the first of the four cases to come to necropsy, the right eye only was capable of spontaneous proptosis, and the muscular anomalies described in this article were found only on the right side. The left orbit and its contents were normal in every respect. This is reasonable proof that the anomalies found were the basis of the phenomenon. From the Departments of Anatomy and Ophthalmology of the Medical College of the University of Cincinnati. Read before the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology in Cincinnati, September 17, 1935.

The behavior of organic implants living or dead is here discussed, and a case reported in which it was considered best to remove the piece of cartilage that had been implanted in the orbit nine months before. In another case, there had been no unfavorable effects from such an implant after eighteen months. Read before the Cincinnati Ophthalmological Club. May 11, 1922.

A man exposed to mustard gas in action suffered burns of the face and severe conjunctivitis. The corneas became steamy followed by opacity of the left. Four years afterwards there was photophobia, conjunctival hyperemia, pannus and epiphora.