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1. Evidence for interstellar origin of seven dust particles collected by the Stardust spacecraft

Author

Westphal, Andrew J., Stroud, Rhonda M., Bechtel, Hans A., Brenker, Frank E., Butterworth, Anna L., Flynn, George J., Frank, David R., Gainsforth, Zack, Hillier, Jon K., Postberg, Frank, Simionovici, Alexandre S., Sterken, Veerle J., Nittler, Larry R., Allen, Carlton, Anderson, David, Ansari, Asna, Bajt, Saša, Bastien, Ron K., Bassim, Nabil, Bridges, John, Brownlee, Donald E., Burchell, Mark, Burghammer, Manfred, Changela, Hitesh, Cloetens, Peter, Davis, Andrew M., Doll, Ryan, Floss, Christine, Grün, Eberhard, Heck, Philipp R., Hoppe, Peter, Hudson, Bruce, Huth, Joachim, Kearsley, Anton, King, Ashley J., Lai, Barry, Leitner, Jan, Lemelle, Laurence, Leonard, Ariel, Leroux, Hugues, Lettieri, Robert, Marchant, William, Ogliore, Ryan, Ong, Wei Jia, Price, Mark C., Sandford, Scott A., Tresseras, Juan-Angel Sans, Schmitz, Sylvia, Schoonjans, Tom, Schreiber, Kate, Silversmit, Geert, Solé, Vicente A., Srama, Ralf, Stadermann, Frank, Stephan, Thomas, Stodolna, Julien, Sutton, Stephen, Trieloff, Mario, Tsou, Peter, Tyliszczak, Tolek, Vekemans, Bart, Vincze, Laszlo, Von Korff, Joshua, Wordsworth, Naomi, Zevin, Daniel, and Zolensky, Michael E.

Published
2014

2. INTERSTELLAR DUST: Evidence for interstellar origin of seven dust particles collected by the Stardust spacecraft

Author

Westphal, Andrew J., Stroud, Rhonda M., Bechtel, Hans A., Brenker, Frank E., Butterworth, Anna L., Flynn, George J., Frank, David R., Gainsforth, Zack, Hillier, Jon K., Postberg, Frank, Simionovici, Alexandre S., Sterken, Veerle J., Nittler, Larry R., Allen, Carlton, Anderson, David, Ansari, Asna, Bajt, Saša, Bastien, Ron K., Bassim, Nabil, Bridges, John, Brownlee, Donald E., Burchell, Mark, Burghammer, Manfred, Changela, Hitesh, Cloetens, Peter, Davis, Andrew M., Doll, Ryan, Floss, Christine, Grün, Eberhard, Heck, Philipp R., Hoppe, Peter, Hudson, Bruce, Huth, Joachim, Kearsley, Anton, King, Ashley J., Lai, Barry, Leitner, Jan, Lemelle, Laurence, Leonard, Ariel, Leroux, Hugues, Lettieri, Robert, Marchant, William, Ogliore, Ryan, Jia Ong, Wei, Price, Mark C., Sandford, Scott A., Sans Tresseras, Juan-Angel, Schmitz, Sylvia, Schoonjans, Tom, Schreiber, Kate, Silversmit, Geert, Solé, Vicente A., Srama, Ralf, Stadermann, Frank, Stephan, Thomas, Stodolna, Julien, Sutton, Stephen, Trieloff, Mario, Tsou, Peter, Tyliszczak, Tolek, Vekemans, Bart, Vincze, Laszlo, Von Korff, Joshua, Wordsworth, Naomi, Zevin, Daniel, and Zolensky, Michael E.

Published
2014
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3. Final Reports of the Stardust ISPE: Seven Probable Interstellar Dust Particles

Author

Allen, Carlton, Sans Tresseras, Juan-Angel, Westphal, Andrew J, Stroud, Rhonda M, Bechtel, Hans A, Brenker, Frank E, Butterworth, Anna L, Flynn, George J, Frank, David R, Gainsforth, Zack, Hillier, Jon K, Postberg, Frank, Simionovici, Alexandre S, Sterken, Veerle J, Anderson, David, Ansari, Asna, Bajt, Sasa, Bastien, Ron K, Bassim, Nabil, Bridges, John, Brownlee, Donald E, Burchell, Mark, Burghammer, Manfred, Changela, Hitesh, Cloetens, Peter, Davis, Andrew M, Doll, Ryan, Floss, Christine, Gruen, Eberhard, Heck, Philipp R, Hoppe, Peter, Hudson, (Bruce), Huth, Joachim, Kearsley, Anton, and King, Ashley J

Subjects
Lunar And Planetary Science And Exploration
Abstract

The Stardust spacecraft carried the first spaceborne collector specifically designed to capture and return a sample of contemporary interstellar dust to terrestrial laboratories for analysis [1]. The collector was exposed to the interstellar dust stream in two periods in 2000 and 2002 with a total exposure of approximately 1.8 10(exp 6) square meters sec. Approximately 85% of the collector consisted of aerogel, and the remainder consisted of Al foils. The Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination (ISPE) was a consortiumbased effort to characterize the collection in sufficient detail to enable future investigators to make informed sample requests. Among the questions to be answered were these: How many impacts are consistent in their characteristics with interstellar dust, with interplanetary dust, and with secondary ejecta from impacts on the spacecraft? Are the materials amorphous or crystalline? Are organics detectable? An additional goal of the ISPE was to develop or refine the techniques for preparation, analysis, and curation of these tiny samples, expected to be approximately 1 picogram or smaller, roughly three orders of magnitude smaller in mass than the samples in other small particle collections in NASA's collections - the cometary samples returned by Stardust, and the collection of Interplanetary Dust Particles collected in the stratosphere.

Published
2014

4. Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination III: Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis of Interstellar Dust Candidates

Author

Bechtel, Hans A, Flynn, George J, Allen, Carlton, Anderson, David, Ansari, Asna, Bajt, Sasa, Bastien, Ron K, Bassim, Nabil, Borg, Janet, Brenker, Frank E, Bridges, John, Brownlee, Donald E, Burchell, Mark, Burghammer, Manfred, Butterworth, Anna L, Changela, Hitesh, Cloetens, Peter, Davis, Andrew M, Doll, Ryan, Floss, Christine, Frank, David R, Gainsforth, Zack, Grun, Eberhard, Heck, Philipp R, Hillier, Jon K, Hoppe, Peter, Hudson, Bruce, Huth, Joachim, Hvide, Brit, Kearsley, Anton, King, Ashley J, Lai, Barry, Leitner, Jan, Lemelle, Laurence, Leroux, Hugues, Leonard, Ariel, Lettieri, Robert, Marchant, William, Nittler, Larry, Ogliore, Ryan, Ong, Wei Ja, Postberg, Frank, Price, Mark C, Sandford, Scott A, Tresseras, Juan-Angel Sans, Schmitz, Sylvia, Schoonjans, Tom, Silversmit, Geert, Simionovici, Alexandre S, Sole, Vicente A, Srama, Ralf, Stadermann, Frank J, Stephan, Thomas, Sterken, Veerle J, Stodolna, Julien, Stroud, Rhonda M, Sutton, Steven, Trieloff, Mario, Tsou, Peter, Tsuchiyama, Akira, Tyliszczak, Tolek, Vekemans, Bart, Vincze, Laszlo, Von Korff, Joshua, Westphal, Andrew J, Wordsworth, Naomi, Zevin, Daniel, and Zolensky, Michael E

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

Under the auspices of the Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination, picokeystones extracted from the Stardust Interstellar Dust Collector were examined with synchrotron Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy to establish whether they contained extraterrestrial organic material. The picokeystones were found to be contaminated with varying concentrations and speciation of organics in the native aerogel, which hindered the search for organics in the interstellar dust candidates. Furthermore, examination of the picokeystones prior to and post X-ray microprobe analyses yielded evidence of beam damage in the form of organic deposition or modification, particularly with hard X-ray synchrotron X-ray fluorescence. From these results, it is clear that considerable care must be taken to interpret any organics that might be in interstellar dust particles. For the interstellar candidates examined thus far, however, there is no clear evidence of extraterrestrial organics associated with the track and/or terminal particles. However, we detected organic matter associated with the terminal particle in Track 37, likely a secondary impact from the Al-deck of the sample return capsule, demonstrating the ability of synchrotron FTIR to detect organic matter in small particles within picokeystones from the Stardust interstellar dust collector.

Published
2013
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5. Constraining the Origin of Impact Craters on Al Foils from the Stardust Interstellar Dust Collector

Author

Stroud, Rhonda M, Achilles, Cheri, Allen, Carlton, Ansari, Asna, Bajt, Sasa, Bassim, Nabil, Bastien, Ron S, Bechtel, H. A, Borg, Janet, Brenker, Frank E, Bridges, John, Brownlee, Donald E, Burchell, Mark, Burghammer, Manfred, Butterworth, Anna L, Changela, Hitesh, Cloetens, Peter, Davis, Andrew M, Doll, Ryan, Floss, Christine, Flynn, George, Fougeray, Patrick, Frank, David, Sandford, Scott A, and Zolensky, Michael E

Subjects
Geophysics
Abstract

Preliminary examination (PE) of the aerogel tiles and Al foils from the Stardust Interstellar Dust Collector has revealed multiple impact features. Some are most likely due to primary impacts of interstellar dust (ISD) grains, and others are associated with secondary impacts of spacecraft debris, and possibly primary impacts of interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) [1, 2]. The current focus of the PE effort is on constraining the origin of the individual impact features so that definitive results from the first direct laboratory analysis of contemporary ISD can be reported. Because crater morphology depends on impacting particle shape and composition, in addition to the angle and direction of impact, unique particle trajectories are not easily determined. However, elemental analysis of the crater residues can distinguish real cosmic dust from the spacecraft debris, due to the low cosmic abundance of many of the elements in the spacecraft materials. We present here results from the elemental analysis of 24 craters and discuss the possible origins of 4 that are identified as candidate ISD impacts

Published
2012

6. Microanalysis of Hypervelocity Impact Residues of Possible Interstellar Origin

Author

Stroud, Rhonda M, Achilles, Cheri, Allen, Carlton, Anasari, Asna, Bajt, Sasa, Bassim, Nabil, Bastien, Ron S, Bechtel, H. A, Borg, Janet, Brenker, Frank E, Bridges, John, Brownlee, Donald E, Burchell, Mark, Burghammer, Manfred, Butterworth, Anna L, Changela, Hitesh, Cloetens, Peter, Davis, Andrew M, Doll, Ryan, Floss, Christine, Flynn, George, Fougeray, Patrick, Frank, David, Sandford, Scott A, and Zolensky, Michael E

Subjects
Space Sciences (General)
Abstract

The NASA Stardust spacecraft deployed two collector trays, one dedicated to the collection of dust from Comet Wild 2, and the other for the capture of interstellar dust (ISD). The samples were returned successfully to Earth in 2006, and now provide an unprecedented opportunity for laboratory-based microanalysis of materials from the outer solar system and beyond. Results from the cometary sample studies have demonstrated that Wild 2 contains much more refractory condensate material and much less pristine extra-solar material than expected, which further indicates that there was significant transport of inner solar system materials to the Kuiper Belt in the early solar system [1]. The analysis of the interstellar samples is still in the preliminary examination (PE) phase, due to the level of difficulty in the definitive identification of the ISD features, the overall low abundance, and its irreplaceable nature, which necessitates minimally invasive measurements [2]. We present here coordinated microanalysis of the impact features on the Al foils, which have led to the identification of four impacts that are possibly attributable to interstellar dust. Results from the study of four ISD candidates captured in aerogel are presented elsewhere [2].

Published
2012

7. Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination X: Impact speeds and directions of interstellar grains on the Stardust dust collector

Author

Sterken, Veerle J., Westphal, Andrew J., Altobelli, Nicolas, Grün, Eberhard, Hillier, Jon K., Postberg, Frank, Srama, Ralf, Allen, Carlton, Anderson, David, Ansari, Asna, Bajt, Saša, Bastien, Ron S., Bassim, Nabil, Bechtel, Hans A., Borg, Janet, Brenker, Frank E., Bridges, John, Brownlee, Donald E., Burchell, Mark, Burghammer, Manfred, Butterworth, Anna L., Changela, Hitesh, Cloetens, Peter, Davis, Andrew M., Doll, Ryan, Floss, Christine, Flynn, George, Frank, David, Gainsforth, Zack, Heck, Philipp R., Hoppe, Peter, Hudson, Bruce, Huth, Joachim, Hvide, Brit, Kearsley, Anton, King, Ashley J., Lai, Barry, Leitner, Jan, Lemelle, Laurence, Leroux, Hugues, Leonard, Ariel, Lettieri, Robert, Marchant, William, Nittler, Larry R., Ogliore, Ryan, Ong, Wei Ja, Price, Mark C., Sandford, S. A., Tresseras, Juan-Angel Sans, Schmitz, Sylvia, Schoonjans, Tom, Silversmit, Geert, Simionovici, Alexandre, Solé, Vicente A., Stephan, Thomas, Stodolna, Julien, Stroud, Rhonda M., Sutton, Steven, Trieloff, Mario, Tsou, Peter, Tsuchiyama, Akira, Tyliszczak, Tolek, Vekemans, Bart, Vincze, Laszlo, Korff, Joshua Von, Wordsworth, Naomi, Zevin, Daniel, Zolensky, Michael E., Sterken, Veerle J., Westphal, Andrew J., Altobelli, Nicolas, Grün, Eberhard, Hillier, Jon K., Postberg, Frank, Srama, Ralf, Allen, Carlton, Anderson, David, Ansari, Asna, Bajt, Saša, Bastien, Ron S., Bassim, Nabil, Bechtel, Hans A., Borg, Janet, Brenker, Frank E., Bridges, John, Brownlee, Donald E., Burchell, Mark, Burghammer, Manfred, Butterworth, Anna L., Changela, Hitesh, Cloetens, Peter, Davis, Andrew M., Doll, Ryan, Floss, Christine, Flynn, George, Frank, David, Gainsforth, Zack, Heck, Philipp R., Hoppe, Peter, Hudson, Bruce, Huth, Joachim, Hvide, Brit, Kearsley, Anton, King, Ashley J., Lai, Barry, Leitner, Jan, Lemelle, Laurence, Leroux, Hugues, Leonard, Ariel, Lettieri, Robert, Marchant, William, Nittler, Larry R., Ogliore, Ryan, Ong, Wei Ja, Price, Mark C., Sandford, S. A., Tresseras, Juan-Angel Sans, Schmitz, Sylvia, Schoonjans, Tom, Silversmit, Geert, Simionovici, Alexandre, Solé, Vicente A., Stephan, Thomas, Stodolna, Julien, Stroud, Rhonda M., Sutton, Steven, Trieloff, Mario, Tsou, Peter, Tsuchiyama, Akira, Tyliszczak, Tolek, Vekemans, Bart, Vincze, Laszlo, Korff, Joshua Von, Wordsworth, Naomi, Zevin, Daniel, and Zolensky, Michael E.

Abstract

On the basis of an interstellar dust model compatible with Ulysses and Galileo observations, we calculate and predict the trajectories of interstellar dust (ISD) in the solar system and the distribution of the impact speeds, directions, and flux of ISD particles on the Stardust Interstellar Dust Collector during the two collection periods of the mission. We find that the expected impact velocities are generally low (<10 km s?1) for particles with the ratio of the solar radiation pressure force to the solar gravitational force ? > 1, and that some of the particles will impact on the cometary side of the collector. If we assume astronomical silicates for particle material and a density of 2 g cm?3, and use the Ulysses measurements and the ISD trajectory simulations, we conclude that the total number of (detectable) captured ISD particles may be on the order of 50. In companion papers in this volume, we report the discovery of three interstellar dust candidates in the Stardust aerogel tiles. The impact directions and speeds of these candidates are consistent with those calculated from our ISD propagation model, within the uncertainties of the model and of the observations.

Published
2014

8. Final reports of the Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination

Author

Westphal, Andrew J., Bechtel, Hans A., Brenker, Frank E., Butterworth, Anna L., Flynn, George, Frank, David R., Gainsforth, Zack, Hillier, Jon K., Postberg, Frank, Simionovici, Alexandre S., Sterken, Veerle J., Stroud, Rhonda M., Allen, Carlton, Anderson, David, Ansari, Asna, Bajt, Saša, Bastien, Ron K., Bassim, Nabil, Borg, Janet, Bridges, John, Brownlee, Donald E., Burchell, Mark J., Burghammer, Manfred, Changela, Hitesh, Cloetens, Peter, Davis, Andrew M., Doll, Ryan, Floss, Christine, Grün, Eberhard, Heck, Philipp R., Hoppe, Peter, Hudson, Bruce, Huth, Joachim, Hvide, Brit, Kearsley, Anton, King, Ashley J., Lai, Barry, Leitner, Jan, Lemelle, Laurence, Leroux, Hugues, Leonard, Ariel, Lettieri, Robert, Marchant, William, Nittler, Larry R., Ogliore, Ryan, Ong, Wei Ja, Price, Mark C., Sandford, Scott A., Tresseras, Juan-Angel Sans, Schmitz, Sylvia, Schoonjans, Tom, Silversmit, Geert, Solé, Vicente A., Srama, Ralf, Stadermann, Frank, Stephan, Thomas, Stodolna, Julien, Sutton, Steven, Trieloff, Mario, Tsou, Peter, Tsuchiyama, Akira, Tyliszczak, Tolek, Vekemans, Bart, Vincze, Laszlo, Von Korff, Joshua, Wordsworth, Naomi, Zevin, Daniel, Zolensky, Michael E., Westphal, Andrew J., Bechtel, Hans A., Brenker, Frank E., Butterworth, Anna L., Flynn, George, Frank, David R., Gainsforth, Zack, Hillier, Jon K., Postberg, Frank, Simionovici, Alexandre S., Sterken, Veerle J., Stroud, Rhonda M., Allen, Carlton, Anderson, David, Ansari, Asna, Bajt, Saša, Bastien, Ron K., Bassim, Nabil, Borg, Janet, Bridges, John, Brownlee, Donald E., Burchell, Mark J., Burghammer, Manfred, Changela, Hitesh, Cloetens, Peter, Davis, Andrew M., Doll, Ryan, Floss, Christine, Grün, Eberhard, Heck, Philipp R., Hoppe, Peter, Hudson, Bruce, Huth, Joachim, Hvide, Brit, Kearsley, Anton, King, Ashley J., Lai, Barry, Leitner, Jan, Lemelle, Laurence, Leroux, Hugues, Leonard, Ariel, Lettieri, Robert, Marchant, William, Nittler, Larry R., Ogliore, Ryan, Ong, Wei Ja, Price, Mark C., Sandford, Scott A., Tresseras, Juan-Angel Sans, Schmitz, Sylvia, Schoonjans, Tom, Silversmit, Geert, Solé, Vicente A., Srama, Ralf, Stadermann, Frank, Stephan, Thomas, Stodolna, Julien, Sutton, Steven, Trieloff, Mario, Tsou, Peter, Tsuchiyama, Akira, Tyliszczak, Tolek, Vekemans, Bart, Vincze, Laszlo, Von Korff, Joshua, Wordsworth, Naomi, Zevin, Daniel, and Zolensky, Michael E.

Published
2014

9. Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination I: Identification of tracks in aerogel

Author

Westphal, Andrew J., primary, Anderson, David, additional, Butterworth, Anna L., additional, Frank, David R., additional, Lettieri, Robert, additional, Marchant, William, additional, Von Korff, Joshua, additional, Zevin, Daniel, additional, Ardizzone, Augusto, additional, Campanile, Antonella, additional, Capraro, Michael, additional, Courtney, Kevin, additional, Criswell, Mitchell N., additional, Crumpler, Dixon, additional, Cwik, Robert, additional, Gray, Fred Jacob, additional, Hudson, Bruce, additional, Imada, Guy, additional, Karr, Joel, additional, Wah, Lily Lau Wan, additional, Mazzucato, Michele, additional, Motta, Pier Giorgio, additional, Rigamonti, Carlo, additional, Spencer, Ronald C., additional, Woodrough, Stephens B., additional, Santoni, Irene Cimmino, additional, Sperry, Gerry, additional, Terry, Jean‐Noel, additional, Wordsworth, Naomi, additional, Yahnke, Tom, additional, Allen, Carlton, additional, Ansari, Asna, additional, Bajt, Saša, additional, Bastien, Ron K., additional, Bassim, Nabil, additional, Bechtel, Hans A., additional, Borg, Janet, additional, Brenker, Frank E., additional, Bridges, John, additional, Brownlee, Donald E., additional, Burchell, Mark, additional, Burghammer, Manfred, additional, Changela, Hitesh, additional, Cloetens, Peter, additional, Davis, Andrew M., additional, Doll, Ryan, additional, Floss, Christine, additional, Flynn, George, additional, Gainsforth, Zack, additional, Grün, Eberhard, additional, Heck, Philipp R., additional, Hillier, Jon K., additional, Hoppe, Peter, additional, Huth, Joachim, additional, Hvide, Brit, additional, Kearsley, Anton, additional, King, Ashley J., additional, Lai, Barry, additional, Leitner, Jan, additional, Lemelle, Laurence, additional, Leroux, Hugues, additional, Leonard, Ariel, additional, Nittler, Larry R., additional, Ogliore, Ryan, additional, Ong, Wei Ja, additional, Postberg, Frank, additional, Price, Mark C., additional, Sandford, Scott A., additional, Tresseras, Juan‐Angel Sans, additional, Schmitz, Sylvia, additional, Schoonjans, Tom, additional, Silversmit, Geert, additional, Simionovici, Alexandre S., additional, Solé, Vicente A., additional, Srama, Ralf, additional, Stephan, Thomas, additional, Sterken, Veerle J., additional, Stodolna, Julien, additional, Stroud, Rhonda M., additional, Sutton, Steven, additional, Trieloff, Mario, additional, Tsou, Peter, additional, Tsuchiyama, Akira, additional, Tyliszczak, Tolek, additional, Vekemans, Bart, additional, Vincze, Laszlo, additional, and Zolensky, Michael E., additional

Published
2014
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10. Coordinated Microanalyses of Seven Particles of Probable Interstellar Origin from the Stardust Mission.

Author

Westphal, Andrew J., primary, Stroud, Rhonda M., additional, Bechtel, Hans A., additional, Brenker, Frank E., additional, Butterworth, Anna L., additional, Flynn, George J., additional, Frank, David R., additional, Gainsforth, Zack, additional, Hillier, Jon K., additional, Postberg, Frank, additional, Simionovici, Alexandre S., additional, Sterken, Veerle J., additional, Allen, Carlton, additional, Anderson, David, additional, Ansari, Asna, additional, Bajt, Saˇsa, additional, Bastien, Ron K., additional, Bassim, Nabil, additional, Bridges, John, additional, Brownlee, Donald E., additional, Burchell, Mark, additional, Burghammer, Manfred, additional, Changela, Hitesh, additional, Cloetens, Peter, additional, Davis, Andrew M., additional, Doll, Ryan, additional, Floss, Christine, additional, Gru¨n, Eberhard, additional, Heck, Philipp R., additional, Hoppe, Peter, additional, Hudson, Bruce, additional, Huth, Joachim, additional, Kearsley, Anton, additional, King, Ashley J., additional, Lai, Barry, additional, Leitner, Jan, additional, Lemelle, Laurence, additional, Leonard, Ariel, additional, Leroux, Hugues, additional, Lettieri, Robert, additional, Marchant, William, additional, Nittler, Larry R., additional, Ogliore, Ryan, additional, Jia Ong, Wei, additional, Price, Mark C., additional, Sandford, Scott A., additional, Sans Tresseras, Juan-Angel, additional, Schmitz, Sylvia, additional, Schoonjans, Tom, additional, Schreiber, Kate, additional, Silversmit, Geert, additional, Solé, Vicente A., additional, Srama, Ralf, additional, Stadermann, Frank, additional, Stephan, Thomas, additional, Stodolna, Julien, additional, Sutton, Stephen, additional, Trieloff, Mario, additional, Tsou, Peter, additional, Tyliszczak, Tolek, additional, Vekemans, Bart, additional, Vincze, Laszlo, additional, Von Korff, Joshua, additional, Wordsworth, Naomi, additional, Zevin, Daniel, additional, and Zolensky, Michael E., additional

Published
2014
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11. Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination XI: Identification and elemental analysis of impact craters on Al foils from the Stardust Interstellar Dust Collector

Author

Stroud, Rhonda M., Allen, Carlton, Ansari, Asna, Anderson, David, Bajt, Saša, Bassim, Nabil, Bastien, Ron S., Bechtel, Hans A., Borg, Janet, Brenker, Frank E., Bridges, John, Brownlee, Donald E., Burchell, Mark J., Burghammer, Manfred, Butterworth, Anna L., Changela, Hitesh, Cloetens, Peter, Davis, Andrew M., Doll, Ryan, Floss, Christine, Flynn, George, Frank, David R., Gainsforth, Zack, Grün, Eberhard, Heck, Philipp R., Hillier, Jon K., Hoppe, Peter, Huth, Joachim, Hvide, Brit, Kearsley, Anton, King, Ashley J., Kotula, Paul, Lai, Barry, Leitner, Jan, Lemelle, Laurence, Leroux, Hugues, Leonard, Ariel, Lettieri, Robert, Marchant, William, Nittler, Larry R., Ogliore, Ryan, Ong, Wei Jia, Postberg, Frank, Price, Mark C., Sandford, Scott A., Tresseras, Juan-Angel Sans, Schmitz, Sylvia, Schoonjans, Tom, Schreiber, Kate, Silversmit, Geert, Simionovici, Alexandre S., Solé, Vicente A., Srama, Ralf, Stephan, Thomas, Sterken, Veerle J., Stodolna, Julien, Sutton, Steven, Trieloff, Mario, Tsou, Peter, Tsuchiyama, Akira, Tyliszczak, Tolek, Vekemans, Bart, Vincze, Laszlo, Westphal, Andrew J., Von Korff, Joshua, Zevin, Daniel, Zolensky, Michael E., Stroud, Rhonda M., Allen, Carlton, Ansari, Asna, Anderson, David, Bajt, Saša, Bassim, Nabil, Bastien, Ron S., Bechtel, Hans A., Borg, Janet, Brenker, Frank E., Bridges, John, Brownlee, Donald E., Burchell, Mark J., Burghammer, Manfred, Butterworth, Anna L., Changela, Hitesh, Cloetens, Peter, Davis, Andrew M., Doll, Ryan, Floss, Christine, Flynn, George, Frank, David R., Gainsforth, Zack, Grün, Eberhard, Heck, Philipp R., Hillier, Jon K., Hoppe, Peter, Huth, Joachim, Hvide, Brit, Kearsley, Anton, King, Ashley J., Kotula, Paul, Lai, Barry, Leitner, Jan, Lemelle, Laurence, Leroux, Hugues, Leonard, Ariel, Lettieri, Robert, Marchant, William, Nittler, Larry R., Ogliore, Ryan, Ong, Wei Jia, Postberg, Frank, Price, Mark C., Sandford, Scott A., Tresseras, Juan-Angel Sans, Schmitz, Sylvia, Schoonjans, Tom, Schreiber, Kate, Silversmit, Geert, Simionovici, Alexandre S., Solé, Vicente A., Srama, Ralf, Stephan, Thomas, Sterken, Veerle J., Stodolna, Julien, Sutton, Steven, Trieloff, Mario, Tsou, Peter, Tsuchiyama, Akira, Tyliszczak, Tolek, Vekemans, Bart, Vincze, Laszlo, Westphal, Andrew J., Von Korff, Joshua, Zevin, Daniel, and Zolensky, Michael E.

Published
2013

12. Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination XI: Identification and elemental analysis of impact craters on Al foils from the Stardust Interstellar Dust Collector

Author

Stroud, Rhonda M., primary, Allen, Carlton, additional, Ansari, Asna, additional, Anderson, David, additional, Bajt, Saša, additional, Bassim, Nabil, additional, Bastien, Ron S., additional, Bechtel, Hans A., additional, Borg, Janet, additional, Brenker, Frank E., additional, Bridges, John, additional, Brownlee, Donald E., additional, Burchell, Mark, additional, Burghammer, Manfred, additional, Butterworth, Anna L., additional, Changela, Hitesh, additional, Cloetens, Peter, additional, Davis, Andrew M., additional, Doll, Ryan, additional, Floss, Christine, additional, Flynn, George, additional, Frank, David R., additional, Gainsforth, Zack, additional, Grün, Eberhard, additional, Heck, Philipp R., additional, Hillier, Jon K., additional, Hoppe, Peter, additional, Huth, Joachim, additional, Hvide, Brit, additional, Kearsley, Anton, additional, King, Ashley J., additional, Kotula, Paul, additional, Lai, Barry, additional, Leitner, Jan, additional, Lemelle, Laurence, additional, Leroux, Hugues, additional, Leonard, Ariel, additional, Lettieri, Robert, additional, Marchant, William, additional, Nittler, Larry R., additional, Ogliore, Ryan, additional, Ong, Wei Jia, additional, Postberg, Frank, additional, Price, Mark C., additional, Sandford, Scott A., additional, Tresseras, Juan‐Angel Sans, additional, Schmitz, Sylvia, additional, Schoonjans, Tom, additional, Schreiber, Kate, additional, Silversmit, Geert, additional, Simionovici, Alexandre S., additional, Solé, Vicente A., additional, Srama, Ralf, additional, Stephan, Thomas, additional, Sterken, Veerle J., additional, Stodolna, Julien, additional, Sutton, Steven, additional, Trieloff, Mario, additional, Tsou, Peter, additional, Tsuchiyama, Akira, additional, Tyliszczak, Tolek, additional, Vekemans, Bart, additional, Vincze, Laszlo, additional, Westphal, Andrew J., additional, Von Korff, Joshua, additional, Zevin, Daniel, additional, and Zolensky, Michael E., additional

Published
2013
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13. Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination III: Infrared spectroscopic analysis of interstellar dust candidates.

Author

Bechtel, Hans A., Flynn, George J., Allen, Carlton, Anderson, David, Ansari, Asna, Bajt, Saša, Bastien, Ron K., Bassim, Nabil, Borg, Janet, Brenker, Frank E., Bridges, John, Brownlee, Donald E., Burchell, Mark, Burghammer, Manfred, Butterworth, Anna L., Changela, Hitesh, Cloetens, Peter, Davis, Andrew M., Doll, Ryan, and Floss, Christine

Subjects
INTERPLANETARY dust, INFRARED spectroscopy, DUST collectors (Machinery), ORGANIC compounds, FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy, AEROGELS, X-ray fluorescence
Abstract

Under the auspices of the Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination, picokeystones extracted from the Stardust Interstellar Dust Collector were examined with synchrotron Fourier transform infrared ( FTIR) microscopy to establish whether they contained extraterrestrial organic material. The picokeystones were found to be contaminated with varying concentrations and speciation of organics in the native aerogel, which hindered the search for organics in the interstellar dust candidates. Furthermore, examination of the picokeystones prior to and post X-ray microprobe analyses yielded evidence of beam damage in the form of organic deposition or modification, particularly with hard X-ray synchrotron X-ray fluorescence. From these results, it is clear that considerable care must be taken to interpret any organics that might be in interstellar dust particles. For the interstellar candidates examined thus far, however, there is no clear evidence of extraterrestrial organics associated with the track and/or terminal particles. However, we detected organic matter associated with the terminal particle in Track 37, likely a secondary impact from the Al-deck of the sample return capsule, demonstrating the ability of synchrotron FTIR to detect organic matter in small particles within picokeystones from the Stardust interstellar dust collector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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14. Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination XI: Identification and elemental analysis of impact craters on Al foils from the Stardust Interstellar Dust Collector.

Author

Stroud, Rhonda M., Allen, Carlton, Ansari, Asna, Anderson, David, Bajt, Saša, Bassim, Nabil, Bastien, Ron S., Bechtel, Hans A., Borg, Janet, Brenker, Frank E., Bridges, John, Brownlee, Donald E., Burchell, Mark, Burghammer, Manfred, Butterworth, Anna L., Changela, Hitesh, Cloetens, Peter, Davis, Andrew M., Doll, Ryan, and Floss, Christine

Subjects
INTERPLANETARY dust, IMPACT craters, ALUMINUM foil, DUST collectors (Machinery), SCANNING electron microscopy, AUGER electron spectroscopy
Abstract

The Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination team analyzed thirteen Al foils from the NASA Stardust interstellar collector tray in order to locate candidate interstellar dust (ISD) grain impacts. Scanning electron microscope ( SEM) images reveal that the foils possess abundant impact crater and crater-like features. Elemental analyses of the crater features, with Auger electron spectroscopy, SEM-based energy dispersive X-ray ( EDX) spectroscopy, and scanning transmission electron microscope-based EDX spectroscopy, demonstrate that the majority are either the result of impacting debris fragments from the spacecraft solar panels, or intrinsic defects in the foil. The elemental analyses also reveal that four craters contain residues of a definite extraterrestrial origin, either as interplanetary dust particles or ISD particles. These four craters are designated level 2 interstellar candidates, based on the crater shapes indicative of hypervelocity impacts and the residue compositions inconsistent with spacecraft debris. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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