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Background: Adolescence is often seen as an important period for further personality development. In today's world, it is therefore important to keep track of current trends in adolescents. One of them is addictive behaviour in the context of the online environment. Spending too much time online can have a negative impact on the quality of life of adolescents. It is therefore important to pay increased attention to this phenomenon and to respond adequately to the current situation. Methods: Our study focuses on the prevalence of Internet addiction among Czech and Slovak adolescents. In total, 3,741 respondents participated in the project (N = 2,642 CZ; N = 1,099 SK); their ages ranged from 11 to 19 years (M = 14.38; SD ± 2.27). The research addressed differences among individual types of schools and between sexes in relation to Internet addiction. The research focused on adolescents attending secondary schools (ISCED 2 and 3) between the ages of 11 and 19 in the Czech and Slovak Republics. A questionnaire battery consisting of a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) questionnaire was used for data collection. Results: In relation to the category of Internet use, girls did not score higher than boys either in the Czech group F(1, 2112) =.089, p =.765, or in the Slovak group F(1, 927) <.001 p =.994. There is a significant effect of school type both in the Czech group F(4, 2100) = 11.483, p <.001, and in the Slovak group F(4, 859) = 2.859, p =.023. Conclusions: Our research indicates that some adolescents, particularly boys, face issues with excessive Internet use, affecting social interactions. Further studies in the Czech Republic could explore the link between psychosocial factors and adolescent Internet use. This highlights the need to raise awareness among professionals about Internet addiction in Czech and Slovak adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present study was to estimate the complex association between Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD), substance use, and other risky behaviours in Czech adolescents whilst providing prevalence estimates of IGD and psychometric information regarding the Czech Internet Gaming Disorder Scale–Short-Form (IGDS9-SF). A representative sample of 3,950 Czech adolescents was recruited through stratified random sampling in the school setting. Disordered gamers showed frequent use of specific substances such as pharmaceuticals, methylenedioxymethamphetamine, and lysergic acid diethylamide. In contrast, non-gamers had higher prevalence of alcohol, cigarettes, sedatives and tranquillisers, and marijuana use. A logistic regression, utilising IGDS9-SF raw scores and average daily gaming time, revealed a U-shaped relationship between gaming and both alcohol and cigarette use. Additionally, conduct problems such as bullying, and risky in-game behaviours were more prevalent among disordered gamers, with the exception of forging parents' signatures. The overall prevalence of IGD was 3.62% (95% CI = [3.1%, 4.3%]), with higher rates in males (5.89%; 95% CI = [4.9%, 7.0%]) than in females (1.45%; 95% CI = [1.0%, 2.1%]). The Czech IGDS9-SF used in the present study showed adequate psychometric properties. The association between gaming and substance use behaviours may be specific and multifaceted depending on the severity of the gaming-related problems. Furthermore, disordered gamers may become more vulnerable due to a higher incidence of conduct problems, bullying (victimisation), and in-game risky behaviours such as engagement with microtransactions mechanics (e.g., loot box) within video games. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Historical and archival sources are of cardinal importance in landscape research addressing the processes and course of landscape changes in European regions. The Franziscean cadastre from the 19th century is among the most widely used historical sources in Central Europe. We identified 1440 records, finally providing 104 articles reporting the use of the Franziscean cadastre for in-depth analyses in order to identify (i) the practice of the cadastral data processing, (ii) purpose and spatial extent of the study, (iii) use of complementary sources and (iv) particular land use/land cover classes under study. We have found the increasing attention towards the Franziscean cadastre as a source for landscape research reflected by the doubling number of records in the past decade with majority of the case studies located in Czechia (79), followed by Austria (9) and Italy (3). We have identified the trends in the use in landscape trajectory research and application to hydrology, agriculture and forestry. As regards the data processing, several issues connected with the methodology or design of the records were found (e.g. geographic information system processing description and data source specification). We further problematize the suitability of the supplementary data used and conclude our review with a set of recommendations to contribute to the discussion on the methodology of landscape reconstruction with historical datasets.

Purpose: The study aimed to evaluate anti-fat attitudes and beliefs among Czech adolescents and develop a Czech version of the Anti-Fat Attitudes Questionnaire (AFA) and Beliefs About Obese Persons Scale (BAOP). Methods and Participants: A total of 3,345 Czech adolescents aged 11–19 years completed sociodemographics, AFA, and BAOP. Results: The confirmatory factor analysis confirmed a three-factor solution and adequate factor validity for AFA. For BAOP, our data did not support the one-factor solution. The bifactor solution that accounted for the negatively formulated items fit, however, the data well. We also found both questionnaires to be invariant by sex. Age was inversely associated with BAOP and AFA Fear of Fat; higher ages were associated with higher AFA Dislike subscale scores. Girls scored higher on AFA Fear of Fat and boys on Dislike and Willpower. Limitations: Only Czech adolescents were included as participants, which could limit the applicability of the results to other age groups or cultural contexts. Furthermore, the use of self-report measurements introduces the potential for response biases. Conclusion: The Czech versions of both questionnaires demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties, but further research is needed to explore the wording effect for BAOP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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