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149 results on '"Doe, PJ"'

1. Direct neutrino-mass measurement based on 259 days of KATRIN data

Author: Aker, M, Batzler, D, Beglarian, A, Behrens, J, Beisenkötter, J, Biassoni, M, Bieringer, B, Biondi, Y, Block, F, Bobien, S, Böttcher, M, Bornschein, B, Bornschein, L, Caldwell, TS, Carminati, M, Chatrabhuti, A, Chilingaryan, S, Daniel, BA, Debowski, K, Descher, M, Barrero, D Díaz, Doe, PJ, Dragoun, O, Drexlin, G, Edzards, F, Eitel, K, Ellinger, E, Engel, R, Enomoto, S, Felden, A, Fengler, C, Fiorini, C, Formaggio, JA, Forstner, C, Fränkle, FM, Gauda, K, Gavin, AS, Gil, W, Glück, F, Grohmann, S, Grössle, R, Gumbsheimer, R, Gutknecht, N, Hannen, V, Hasselmann, L, Haußmann, N, Helbing, K, Henke, H, Heyns, S, Hickford, S, Hiller, R, Hillesheimer, D, Hinz, D, Höhn, T, Huber, A, Jansen, A, Karl, C, Kellerer, J, Khosonthongkee, K, Kleifges, M, Klein, M, Kohpeiß, J, Köhler, C, Köllenberger, L, Kopmann, A, Kovač, N, Kovalík, A, Krause, H, Cascio, L La, Lasserre, T, Lauer, J, Le, T, Lebeda, O, Lehnert, B, Li, G, Lokhov, A, Machatschek, M, Mark, M, Marsteller, A, Martin, EL, Melzer, C, Mertens, S, Mohanty, S, Mostafa, J, Müller, K, Nava, A, Neumann, H, Niemes, S, Onillon, A, Parno, DS, Pavan, M, Pinsook, U, Poon, AWP, Poyato, JM Lopez, Pozzi, S, Priester, F, Ráliš, J, Ramachandran, S, Robertson, RGH, and Rodenbeck, C
Subjects: nucl-ex, hep-ex
Abstract: The fact that neutrinos carry a non-vanishing rest mass is evidence ofphysics beyond the Standard Model of elementary particles. Their absolute massbears important relevance from particle physics to cosmology. In this work, wereport on the search for the effective electron antineutrino mass with theKATRIN experiment. KATRIN performs precision spectroscopy of the tritium$\beta$-decay close to the kinematic endpoint. Based on the first fiveneutrino-mass measurement campaigns, we derive a best-fit value of $m_u^{2} ={-0.14^{+0.13}_{-0.15}}~\mathrm{eV^2}$, resulting in an upper limit of $m_u <{0.45}~\mathrm{eV}$ at 90 % confidence level. With six times the statistics ofprevious data sets, amounting to 36 million electrons collected in 259measurement days, a substantial reduction of the background level and improvedsystematic uncertainties, this result tightens KATRIN's previous bound by afactor of almost two.
Published: 2024

2. Search for Lorentz-invariance violation with the first KATRIN data

Author: Aker, M, Batzler, D, Beglarian, A, Behrens, J, Berlev, A, Besserer, U, Bieringer, B, Block, F, Bobien, S, Bornschein, B, Bornschein, L, Böttcher, M, Brunst, T, Caldwell, TS, Carney, RMD, Chilingaryan, S, Choi, W, Debowski, K, Descher, M, Barrero, D Díaz, Doe, PJ, Dragoun, O, Drexlin, G, Edzards, F, Eitel, K, Ellinger, E, Engel, R, Enomoto, S, Felden, A, Formaggio, JA, Fränkle, FM, Franklin, GB, Friedel, F, Fulst, A, Gauda, K, Gavin, AS, Gil, W, Glück, F, Grössle, R, Gumbsheimer, R, Hannen, V, Haußmann, N, Helbing, K, Hickford, S, Hiller, R, Hillesheimer, D, Hinz, D, Höhn, T, Houdy, T, Huber, A, Jansen, A, Karl, C, Kellerer, J, Kleifges, M, Klein, M, Köhler, C, Köllenberger, L, Kopmann, A, Korzeczek, M, Kovalík, A, Krasch, B, Krause, H, La Cascio, L, Lasserre, T, Le, TL, Lebeda, O, Lehnert, B, Lokhov, A, Machatschek, M, Malcherek, E, Mark, M, Marsteller, A, Martin, EL, Melzer, C, Mertens, S, Mostafa, J, Müller, K, Neumann, H, Niemes, S, Oelpmann, P, Parno, DS, Poon, AWP, Poyato, JML, Priester, F, Ráliš, J, Ramachandran, S, Robertson, RGH, Rodejohann, W, Rodenbeck, C, Röllig, M, Röttele, C, Ryšavý, M, Sack, R, Saenz, A, Salomon, R, Schäfer, P, Schimpf, L, Schlösser, M, Schlösser, K, and Schlüter, L
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences
Abstract: Some extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics allow for Lorentz invariance and charge-parity-time invariance violations. In the neutrino sector strong constraints have been set by neutrino-oscillation and time-of-flight experiments. However, some Lorentz-invariance-violating parameters are not accessible via these probes. In this work, we focus on the parameters (aof(3))00, (aof(3))10, and (aof(3))11 which would manifest themselves in a nonisotropic β-decaying source as a sidereal oscillation and an overall shift of the spectral endpoint. Based on the data of the first scientific run of the KATRIN experiment, we set the first 90% confidence-level limit on |(aof(3))11| of
Published: 2023

3. Search for keV-scale sterile neutrinos with the first KATRIN data

Author: Aker, M, Batzler, D, Beglarian, A, Behrens, J, Berlev, A, Besserer, U, Bieringer, B, Block, F, Bobien, S, Bornschein, B, Bornschein, L, Böttcher, M, Brunst, T, Caldwell, TS, Chilingaryan, S, Choi, W, Debowski, K, Descher, M, Barrero, D Díaz, Doe, PJ, Dragoun, O, Drexlin, G, Edzards, F, Eitel, K, Ellinger, E, Engel, R, Enomoto, S, Felden, A, Formaggio, JA, Fränkle, FM, Franklin, GB, Friedel, F, Fulst, A, Gauda, K, Gavin, AS, Gil, W, Glück, F, Grössle, R, Gumbsheimer, R, Hannen, V, Haußmann, N, Helbing, K, Hickford, S, Hiller, R, Hillesheimer, D, Hinz, D, Höhn, T, Houdy, T, Huber, A, Jansen, A, Karl, C, Kellerer, J, Kleifges, M, Klein, M, Köhler, C, Köllenberger, L, Kopmann, A, Korzeczek, M, Kovalík, A, Krasch, B, Krause, H, La Cascio, L, Lasserre, T, Le, TL, Lebeda, O, Lehnert, B, Lokhov, A, Machatschek, M, Malcherek, E, Mark, M, Marsteller, A, Martin, EL, Melzer, C, Mertens, S, Mostafa, J, Müller, K, Neumann, H, Niemes, S, Oelpmann, P, Parno, DS, Poon, AWP, Poyato, JML, Priester, F, Ráliš, J, Ramachandran, S, Robertson, RGH, Rodejohann, W, Rodenbeck, C, Röllig, M, Röttele, C, Ryšavý, M, Sack, R, Saenz, A, Salomon, R, Schäfer, P, Schimpf, L, Schlösser, M, Schlösser, K, Schlüter, L, and Schneidewind, S
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Atomic, molecular and optical physics, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract: In this work we present a keV-scale sterile-neutrino search with a low-tritium-activity data set of the KATRIN experiment, acquired in a commissioning run in 2018. KATRIN performs a spectroscopic measurement of the tritium β -decay spectrum with the main goal of directly determining the effective electron anti-neutrino mass. During this commissioning phase a lower tritium activity facilitated the measurement of a wider part of the tritium spectrum and thus the search for sterile neutrinos with a mass of up to 1.6keV . We do not find a signal and set an exclusion limit on the sterile-to-active mixing amplitude of sin 2θ< 5 × 10 - 4 (95 % C.L.) at a mass of 0.3 keV. This result improves current laboratory-based bounds in the sterile-neutrino mass range between 0.1 and 1.0 keV.
Published: 2023

4. KATRIN: status and prospects for the neutrino mass and beyond

Author: Aker, M, Balzer, M, Batzler, D, Beglarian, A, Behrens, J, Berlev, A, Besserer, U, Biassoni, M, Bieringer, B, Block, F, Bobien, S, Bombelli, L, Bormann, D, Bornschein, B, Bornschein, L, Böttcher, M, Brofferio, C, Bruch, C, Brunst, T, Caldwell, TS, Carminati, M, Carney, RMD, Chilingaryan, S, Choi, W, Cremonesi, O, Debowski, K, Descher, M, Barrero, D Díaz, Doe, PJ, Dragoun, O, Drexlin, G, Edzards, F, Eitel, K, Ellinger, E, Engel, R, Enomoto, S, Felden, A, Fink, D, Fiorini, C, Formaggio, JA, Forstner, C, Fränkle, FM, Franklin, GB, Friedel, F, Fulst, A, Gauda, K, Gavin, AS, Gil, W, Glück, F, Grande, A, Grössle, R, Gugiatti, M, Gumbsheimer, R, Hannen, V, Hartmann, J, Haußmann, N, Helbing, K, Hickford, S, Hiller, R, Hillesheimer, D, Hinz, D, Höhn, T, Houdy, T, Huber, A, Jansen, A, Karl, C, Kellerer, J, King, P, Kleifges, M, Klein, M, Köhler, C, Köllenberger, L, Kopmann, A, Korzeczek, M, Kovalík, A, Krasch, B, Krause, H, Lasserre, T, La Cascio, L, Lebeda, O, Lechner, P, Lehnert, B, Le, TL, Lokhov, A, Machatschek, M, Malcherek, E, Manfrin, D, Mark, M, Marsteller, A, Martin, EL, Mazzola, E, Melzer, C, Mertens, S, Mostafa, J, Müller, K, Nava, A, Neumann, H, Niemes, S, Oelpmann, P, and Onillon, A
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, neutrino, neutrino mass, sterile neutrino, tritium beta decay, krypton, beyond standard model, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Nuclear and plasma physics, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract: The Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment is designed to measure a high-precision integral spectrum of the endpoint region of T2 β decay, with the primary goal of probing the absolute mass scale of the neutrino. After a first tritium commissioning campaign in 2018, the experiment has been regularly running since 2019, and in its first two measurement campaigns has already achieved a sub-eV sensitivity. After 1000 days of data-taking, KATRIN’s design sensitivity is 0.2 eV at the 90% confidence level. In this white paper we describe the current status of KATRIN; explore prospects for measuring the neutrino mass and other physics observables, including sterile neutrinos and other beyond-Standard-Model hypotheses; and discuss research-and-development projects that may further improve the KATRIN sensitivity.
Published: 2022

5. New Constraint on the Local Relic Neutrino Background Overdensity with the First KATRIN Data Runs

Author: Aker, M, Batzler, D, Beglarian, A, Behrens, J, Berlev, A, Besserer, U, Bieringer, B, Block, F, Bobien, S, Bornschein, B, Bornschein, L, Böttcher, M, Brunst, T, Caldwell, TS, Carney, RMD, Chilingaryan, S, Choi, W, Debowski, K, Descher, M, Barrero, D Díaz, Doe, PJ, Dragoun, O, Drexlin, G, Edzards, F, Eitel, K, Ellinger, E, Engel, R, Enomoto, S, Felden, A, Formaggio, JA, Fränkle, FM, Franklin, GB, Friedel, F, Fulst, A, Gauda, K, Gavin, AS, Gil, W, Glück, F, Grössle, R, Gumbsheimer, R, Hannen, V, Haußmann, N, Helbing, K, Hickford, S, Hiller, R, Hillesheimer, D, Hinz, D, Höhn, T, Houdy, T, Huber, A, Jansen, A, Karl, C, Kellerer, F, Kellerer, J, Kleifges, M, Klein, M, Köhler, C, Köllenberger, L, Kopmann, A, Korzeczek, M, Kovalík, A, Krasch, B, Krause, H, La Cascio, L, Lasserre, T, Le, TL, Lebeda, O, Lehnert, B, Lokhov, A, Machatschek, M, Malcherek, E, Mark, M, Marsteller, A, Martin, EL, Melzer, C, Mertens, S, Mostafa, J, Müller, K, Neumann, H, Niemes, S, Oelpmann, P, Parno, DS, Poon, AWP, Poyato, JML, Priester, F, Ráliš, J, Ramachandran, S, Robertson, RGH, Rodejohann, W, Rodenbeck, C, Röllig, M, Röttele, C, Ryšavý, M, Sack, R, Saenz, A, Salomon, R, Schäfer, P, Schimpf, L, Schlösser, M, and Schlösser, K
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, KATRIN Collaboration, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract: We report on the direct search for cosmic relic neutrinos using data acquired during the first two science campaigns of the KATRIN experiment in 2019. Beta-decay electrons from a high-purity molecular tritium gas source are analyzed by a high-resolution MAC-E filter around the end point at 18.57 keV. The analysis is sensitive to a local relic neutrino overdensity ratio of η
Published: 2022

6. Improved eV-scale sterile-neutrino constraints from the second KATRIN measurement campaign

Author: Aker, M, Batzler, D, Beglarian, A, Behrens, J, Berlev, A, Besserer, U, Bieringer, B, Block, F, Bobien, S, Bornschein, B, Bornschein, L, Böttcher, M, Brunst, T, Caldwell, TS, Carney, RMD, Chilingaryan, S, Choi, W, Debowski, K, Descher, M, Barrero, D Díaz, Doe, PJ, Dragoun, O, Drexlin, G, Edzards, F, Eitel, K, Ellinger, E, Engel, R, Enomoto, S, Felden, A, Formaggio, JA, Fränkle, FM, Franklin, GB, Friedel, F, Fulst, A, Gauda, K, Gavin, AS, Gil, W, Glück, F, Grössle, R, Gumbsheimer, R, Hannen, V, Haußmann, N, Helbing, K, Hickford, S, Hiller, R, Hillesheimer, D, Hinz, D, Höhn, T, Houdy, T, Huber, A, Jansen, A, Karl, C, Kellerer, J, Kleifges, M, Klein, M, Köhler, C, Köllenberger, L, Kopmann, A, Korzeczek, M, Kovalík, A, Krasch, B, Krause, H, La Cascio, L, Lasserre, T, Le, TL, Lebeda, O, Lehnert, B, Lokhov, A, Machatschek, M, Malcherek, E, Mark, M, Marsteller, A, Martin, EL, Melzer, C, Mertens, S, Mostafa, J, Müller, K, Neumann, H, Niemes, S, Oelpmann, P, Parno, DS, Poon, AWP, Poyato, JML, Priester, F, Ráliš, J, Ramachandran, S, Robertson, RGH, Rodejohann, W, Rodenbeck, C, Röllig, M, Röttele, C, Ryšavý, M, Sack, R, Saenz, A, Salomon, R, Schäfer, P, Schimpf, L, Schlösser, M, Schlösser, K, and Schlüter, L
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Mathematical physics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract: We present the results of the light sterile neutrino search from the second Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) measurement campaign in 2019. Approaching nominal activity, 3.76×106 tritium β-electrons are analyzed in an energy window extending down to 40 eV below the tritium end point at E0=18.57 keV. We consider the 3ν+1 framework with three active and one sterile neutrino flavors. The analysis is sensitive to a fourth mass eigenstate m42≲1600 eV2 and active-to-sterile mixing |Ue4|2≳6×10-3. As no sterile-neutrino signal was observed, we provide improved exclusion contours on m42 and |Ue4|2 at 95% C.L. Our results supersede the limits from the Mainz and Troitsk experiments. Furthermore, we are able to exclude the large Δm412 solutions of the reactor antineutrino and gallium anomalies to a great extent. The latter has recently been reaffirmed by the BEST Collaboration and could be explained by a sterile neutrino with large mixing. While the remaining solutions at small Δm412 are mostly excluded by short-baseline reactor experiments, KATRIN is the only ongoing laboratory experiment to be sensitive to relevant solutions at large Δm412 through a robust spectral shape analysis.
Published: 2022

7. Direct neutrino-mass measurement with sub-electronvolt sensitivity

Author: Aker, M, Beglarian, A, Behrens, J, Berlev, A, Besserer, U, Bieringer, B, Block, F, Bobien, S, Boettcher, M, Bornschein, B, Bornschein, L, Brunst, T, Caldwell, TS, Carney, RMD, La Cascio, L, Chilingaryan, S, Choi, W, Debowski, K, Deffert, M, Descher, M, Barrero, D Diaz, Doe, PJ, Dragoun, O, Drexlin, G, Eitel, K, Ellinger, E, Engel, R, Enomoto, S, Felden, A, Formaggio, JA, Fraenkle, FM, Franklin, GB, Friedel, F, Fulst, A, Gauda, K, Gil, W, Glueck, F, Groessle, R, Gumbsheimer, R, Gupta, V, Hoehn, T, Hannen, V, Haussmann, N, Helbing, K, Hickford, S, Hiller, R, Hillesheimer, D, Hinz, D, Houdy, T, Huber, A, Jansen, A, Karl, C, Kellerer, F, Kellerer, J, Kleifges, M, Klein, M, Koehler, C, Koellenberger, L, Kopmann, A, Korzeczek, M, Kovalik, A, Krasch, B, Krause, H, Kunka, N, Lasserre, T, Le, TL, Lebeda, O, Lehnert, B, Lokhov, A, Machatschek, M, Malcherek, E, Mark, M, Marsteller, A, Martin, EL, Melzer, C, Menshikov, A, Mertens, S, Mostafa, J, Mueller, K, Neumann, H, Niemes, S, Oelpmann, P, Parno, DS, Poon, AWP, Poyato, JML, Priester, F, Ramachandran, S, Robertson, RGH, Rodejohann, W, Roellig, M, Roettele, C, Rodenbeck, C, Rysavy, M, Sack, R, Saenz, A, Schaefer, P, Pollithy, A Schaller Nee, Schimpf, L, Schloesser, K, and Schloesser, M
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Mathematical Sciences, Fluids & Plasmas, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract: Since the discovery of neutrino oscillations, we know that neutrinos have non-zero mass. However, the absolute neutrino-mass scale remains unknown. Here we report the upper limits on effective electron anti-neutrino mass, mν, from the second physics run of the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino experiment. In this experiment, mν is probed via a high-precision measurement of the tritium β-decay spectrum close to its endpoint. This method is independent of any cosmological model and does not rely on assumptions whether the neutrino is a Dirac or Majorana particle. By increasing the source activity and reducing the background with respect to the first physics campaign, we reached a sensitivity on mν of 0.7 eV c–2 at a 90% confidence level (CL). The best fit to the spectral data yields mν2 = (0.26 ± 0.34) eV2 c–4, resulting in an upper limit of mν < 0.9 eV c–2 at 90% CL. By combining this result with the first neutrino-mass campaign, we find an upper limit of mν < 0.8 eV c–2 at 90% CL.
Published: 2022

8. The design, construction, and commissioning of the KATRIN experiment

Author: Aker, M, Altenmüller, K, Amsbaugh, JF, Arenz, M, Babutzka, M, Bast, J, Bauer, S, Bechtler, H, Beck, M, Beglarian, A, Behrens, J, Bender, B, Berendes, R, Berlev, A, Besserer, U, Bettin, C, Bieringer, B, Blaum, K, Block, F, Bobien, S, Böttcher, M, Bohn, J, Bokeloh, K, Bolz, H, Bornschein, B, Bornschein, L, Bouquet, H, Boyd, NM, Brunst, T, Burritt, TH, Caldwell, TS, Chaoui, Z, Chilingaryan, S, Choi, W, Corona, TJ, Cox, GA, Debowski, K, Deffert, M, Descher, M, Barrero, D Díaz, Doe, PJ, Dragoun, O, Drexlin, G, Dunmore, JA, Dyba, S, Edzards, F, Eichelhardt, F, Eitel, K, Ellinger, E, Engel, R, Enomoto, S, Erhard, M, Eversheim, D, Fedkevych, M, Felden, A, Fischer, S, Formaggio, JA, Fränkle, FM, Franklin, GB, Frenzel, H, Friedel, F, Fulst, A, Gauda, K, Gehring, R, Gil, W, Glück, F, Görhardt, S, Grimm, J, Grössle, R, Groh, S, Grohmann, S, Gumbsheimer, R, Hackenjos, M, Häßler, D, Hannen, V, Harms, F, Harper, GC, Hartmann, J, Haußmann, N, Heizmann, F, Helbing, K, Held, M, Hickford, S, Hilk, D, Hillen, B, Hiller, R, Hillesheimer, D, Hinz, D, Höhn, T, Hötzel, M, Holzmann, S, Horn, S, Houdy, T, Howe, MA, Huber, A, James, T, Jansen, A, Kaiser, M, Karl, C, and Kazachenko, O
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Beam-line instrumentation, Spectrometers, Gas systems and purification, Neutrino detectors, Engineering, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Physical sciences
Abstract: The KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment, which aims to make a direct and model-independent determination of the absolute neutrino mass scale, is a complex experiment with many components. More than 15 years ago, we published a technical design report (TDR) [1] to describe the hardware design and requirements to achieve our sensitivity goal of 0.2 eV at 90% C.L. on the neutrino mass. Since then there has been considerable progress, culminating in the publication of first neutrino mass results with the entire beamline operating [2]. In this paper, we document the current state of all completed beamline components (as of the first neutrino mass measurement campaign), demonstrate our ability to reliably and stably control them over long times, and present details on their respective commissioning campaigns.
Published: 2021

9. Analysis methods for the first KATRIN neutrino-mass measurement

Author: Aker, M, Altenmüller, K, Beglarian, A, Behrens, J, Berlev, A, Besserer, U, Bieringer, B, Blaum, K, Block, F, Bornschein, B, Bornschein, L, Böttcher, M, Brunst, T, Caldwell, TS, La Cascio, L, Chilingaryan, S, Choi, W, Díaz Barrero, D, Debowski, K, Deffert, M, Descher, M, Doe, PJ, Dragoun, O, Drexlin, G, Dyba, S, Edzards, F, Eitel, K, Ellinger, E, Engel, R, Enomoto, S, Fedkevych, M, Felden, A, Formaggio, JA, Fränkle, FM, Franklin, GB, Friedel, F, Fulst, A, Gauda, K, Gil, W, Glück, F, Grössle, R, Gumbsheimer, R, Höhn, T, Hannen, V, Haußmann, N, Helbing, K, Hickford, S, Hiller, R, Hillesheimer, D, Hinz, D, Houdy, T, Huber, A, Jansen, A, Köllenberger, L, Karl, C, Kellerer, J, Kippenbrock, L, Klein, M, Kopmann, A, Korzeczek, M, Kovalík, A, Krasch, B, Krause, H, Lasserre, T, Le, TL, Lebeda, O, Lehnert, B, Lokhov, A, Lopez Poyato, JM, Müller, K, Machatschek, M, Malcherek, E, Mark, M, Marsteller, A, Martin, EL, Melzer, C, Mertens, S, Niemes, S, Oelpmann, P, Osipowicz, A, Parno, DS, Poon, AWP, Priester, F, Röllig, M, Röttele, C, Rest, O, Robertson, RGH, Rodenbeck, C, Ryšavý, M, Sack, R, Saenz, A, Schaller, A, Schäfer, P, Schimpf, L, Schlösser, K, Schlösser, M, Schlüter, L, Schrank, M, Schulz, B, and Šefčík, M
Abstract: We report on the dataset, data handling, and detailed analysis techniques of the first neutrino-mass measurement by the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment, which probes the absolute neutrino-mass scale via the β-decay kinematics of molecular tritium. The source is highly pure, cryogenic T2 gas. The β electrons are guided along magnetic field lines toward a high-resolution, integrating spectrometer for energy analysis. A silicon detector counts β electrons above the energy threshold of the spectrometer, so that a scan of the thresholds produces a precise measurement of the high-energy spectral tail. After detailed theoretical studies, simulations, and commissioning measurements, extending from the molecular final-state distribution to inelastic scattering in the source to subtleties of the electromagnetic fields, our independent, blind analyses allow us to set an upper limit of 1.1 eV on the neutrino-mass scale at a 90% confidence level. This first result, based on a few weeks of running at a reduced source intensity and dominated by statistical uncertainty, improves on prior limits by nearly a factor of two. This result establishes an analysis framework for future KATRIN measurements, and provides important input to both particle theory and cosmology.
Published: 2021

10. Precision measurement of the electron energy-loss function in tritium and deuterium gas for the KATRIN experiment

Author: Aker, M, Beglarian, A, Behrens, J, Berlev, A, Besserer, U, Bieringer, B, Block, F, Bornschein, B, Bornschein, L, Böttcher, M, Brunst, T, Caldwell, TS, Carney, RMD, Chilingaryan, S, Choi, W, Debowski, K, Deffert, M, Descher, M, Barrero, D Díaz, Doe, PJ, Dragoun, O, Drexlin, G, Edzards, F, Eitel, K, Ellinger, E, Miniawy, A El, Engel, R, Enomoto, S, Felden, A, Formaggio, JA, Fränkle, FM, Franklin, GB, Friedel, F, Fulst, A, Gauda, K, Gil, W, Glück, F, Groh, S, Grössle, R, Gumbsheimer, R, Hannen, V, Haußmann, N, Heizmann, F, Helbing, K, Hickford, S, Hiller, R, Hillesheimer, D, Hinz, D, Höhn, T, Houdy, T, Huber, A, Jansen, A, Karl, C, Kellerer, J, Kleesiek, M, Klein, M, Köhler, C, Köllenberger, L, Kopmann, A, Korzeczek, M, Kovalík, A, Krasch, B, Krause, H, Kunka, N, Lasserre, T, La Cascio, L, Lebeda, O, Lehnert, B, Le, TL, Lokhov, A, Machatschek, M, Malcherek, E, Mark, M, Marsteller, A, Martin, EL, Meier, M, Melzer, C, Menshikov, A, Mertens, S, Mostafa, J, Müller, K, Niemes, S, Oelpmann, P, Parno, DS, Poon, AWP, Poyato, JML, Priester, F, Ranitzsch, PC-O, Robertson, RGH, Rodejohann, W, Rodenbeck, C, Röllig, M, Röttele, C, Ryšavý, M, Sack, R, Saenz, A, Schäfer, P, Schaller, A, Schimpf, L, and Schlösser, K
Subjects: Nuclear & Particles Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics
Abstract: AbstractThe KATRIN experiment is designed for a direct and model-independent determination of the effective electron anti-neutrino mass via a high-precision measurement of the tritium $$\upbeta $$ β -decay endpoint region with a sensitivity on $$m_\nu $$ m ν of 0.2 $$\hbox {eV}/\hbox {c}^2$$ eV / c 2 (90% CL). For this purpose, the $$\upbeta $$ β -electrons from a high-luminosity windowless gaseous tritium source traversing an electrostatic retarding spectrometer are counted to obtain an integral spectrum around the endpoint energy of 18.6 keV. A dominant systematic effect of the response of the experimental setup is the energy loss of $$\upbeta $$ β -electrons from elastic and inelastic scattering off tritium molecules within the source. We determined the energy-loss function in-situ with a pulsed angular-selective and monoenergetic photoelectron source at various tritium-source densities. The data was recorded in integral and differential modes; the latter was achieved by using a novel time-of-flight technique. We developed a semi-empirical parametrization for the energy-loss function for the scattering of 18.6-keV electrons from hydrogen isotopologs. This model was fit to measurement data with a 95% $$\hbox {T}_2$$ T 2 gas mixture at 30 K, as used in the first KATRIN neutrino-mass analyses, as well as a $$\hbox {D}_2$$ D 2 gas mixture of 96% purity used in KATRIN commissioning runs. The achieved precision on the energy-loss function has abated the corresponding uncertainty of $$\sigma (m_\nu ^2)< {{10}^{-2}}{\hbox {eV}^{2}}$$ σ ( m ν 2 ) < 10 - 2 eV 2 [1] in the KATRIN neutrino-mass measurement to a subdominant level.
Published: 2021

11. Bound on 3+1 Active-Sterile Neutrino Mixing from the First Four-Week Science Run of KATRIN

Author: Aker, M, Altenmüller, K, Beglarian, A, Behrens, J, Berlev, A, Besserer, U, Bieringer, B, Blaum, K, Block, F, Bornschein, B, Bornschein, L, Böttcher, M, Brunst, T, Caldwell, TS, La Cascio, L, Chilingaryan, S, Choi, W, Barrero, D Díaz, Debowski, K, Deffert, M, Descher, M, Doe, PJ, Dragoun, O, Drexlin, G, Dyba, S, Edzards, F, Eitel, K, Ellinger, E, Engel, R, Enomoto, S, Fedkevych, M, Felden, A, Formaggio, JA, Fränkle, FM, Franklin, GB, Friedel, F, Fulst, A, Gauda, K, Gil, W, Glück, F, Grössle, R, Gumbsheimer, R, Höhn, T, Hannen, V, Haußmann, N, Helbing, K, Hickford, S, Hiller, R, Hillesheimer, D, Hinz, D, Houdy, T, Huber, A, Jansen, A, Köllenberger, L, Karl, C, Kellerer, J, Kippenbrock, L, Klein, M, Kopmann, A, Korzeczek, M, Kovalík, A, Krasch, B, Krause, H, Lasserre, T, Le, TL, Lebeda, O, Le Guennic, N, Lehnert, B, Lokhov, A, Poyato, JM Lopez, Müller, K, Machatschek, M, Malcherek, E, Mark, M, Marsteller, A, Martin, EL, Melzer, C, Mertens, S, Niemes, S, Oelpmann, P, Osipowicz, A, Parno, DS, Poon, AWP, Priester, F, Röllig, M, Röttele, C, Rest, O, Robertson, RGH, Rodenbeck, C, Ryšavý, M, Sack, R, Saenz, A, Schaller, A, Schäfer, P, Schimpf, L, Schlösser, M, Schlösser, K, Schlüter, L, Schrank, M, and Schulz, B
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, KATRIN Collaboration, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract: We report on the light sterile neutrino search from the first four-week science run of the KATRIN experiment in 2019. Beta-decay electrons from a high-purity gaseous molecular tritium source are analyzed by a high-resolution MAC-E filter down to 40 eV below the endpoint at 18.57 keV. We consider the framework with three active neutrinos and one sterile neutrino. The analysis is sensitive to the mass, m_{4}, of the fourth mass state for m_{4}^{2}≲1000 eV^{2} and to active-to-sterile neutrino mixing down to |U_{e4}|^{2}≳2×10^{-2}. No significant spectral distortion is observed and exclusion bounds on the sterile mass and mixing are reported. These new limits supersede the Mainz results for m_{4}^{2}≲1000 eV^{2} and improve the Troitsk bound for m_{4}^{2}
Published: 2021

12. Search for hep solar neutrinos and the diffuse supernova neutrino background using all three phases of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Author: Aharmim, B, Ahmed, SN, Anthony, AE, Barros, N, Beier, EW, Bellerive, A, Beltran, B, Bergevin, M, Biller, SD, Blucher, E, Bonventre, R, Boudjemline, K, Boulay, MG, Cai, B, Callaghan, EJ, Caravaca, J, Chan, YD, Chauhan, D, Chen, M, Cleveland, BT, Cox, GA, Dai, X, Deng, H, Descamps, FB, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Doucas, G, Drouin, PL, Dunford, M, Elliott, SR, Evans, HC, Ewan, GT, Farine, J, Fergani, H, Fleurot, F, Ford, RJ, Formaggio, JA, Gagnon, N, Gilje, K, Goon, JTM, Graham, K, Guillian, E, Habib, S, Hahn, RL, Hallin, AL, Hallman, ED, Harvey, PJ, Hazama, R, Heintzelman, WJ, Heise, J, Helmer, RL, Hime, A, Howard, C, Huang, M, Jagam, P, Jamieson, B, Jelley, NA, Jerkins, M, Keeter, KJ, Klein, JR, Kormos, LL, Kos, M, Kraus, C, Krauss, CB, Krüger, A, Kutter, T, Kyba, CCM, Labe, K, Land, BJ, Lange, R, Latorre, A, Law, J, Lawson, IT, Lesko, KT, Leslie, JR, Levine, I, Loach, JC, Maclellan, R, Majerus, S, Mak, HB, Maneira, J, Martin, RD, Mastbaum, A, McCauley, N, McDonald, AB, McGee, SR, Miller, ML, Monreal, B, Monroe, J, Nickel, BG, Noble, AJ, O'Keeffe, HM, Oblath, NS, Okada, CE, Ollerhead, RW, Orebi Gann, GD, Oser, SM, Ott, RA, Peeters, SJM, and Poon, AWP
Subjects: hep-ex, nucl-ex
Abstract: A search has been performed for neutrinos from two sources, the hep reaction in the solar pp fusion chain and the νe component of the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB), using the full dataset of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory with a total exposure of 2.47 kton-years after fiducialization. The hep search is performed using both a single-bin counting analysis and a likelihood fit. We find a best-fit flux that is compatible with solar model predictions while remaining consistent with zero flux, and set a one-sided upper limit of φhep
Published: 2020

13. Suppression of Penning discharges between the KATRIN spectrometers

Author: Aker, M, Altenmüller, K, Beglarian, A, Behrens, J, Berlev, A, Besserer, U, Blaum, K, Block, F, Bobien, S, Bornschein, B, Bornschein, L, Bouquet, H, Brunst, T, Caldwell, TS, Chilingaryan, S, Choi, W, Debowski, K, Deffert, M, Descher, M, Díaz Barrero, D, Doe, PJ, Dragoun, O, Drexlin, G, Dyba, S, Eitel, K, Ellinger, E, Engel, R, Enomoto, S, Eversheim, D, Fedkevych, M, Felden, A, Formaggio, JA, Fränkle, F, Franklin, GB, Frankrone, H, Friedel, F, Fulst, A, Gauda, K, Gil, W, Glück, F, Grohmann, S, Grössle, R, Gumbsheimer, R, Hackenjos, M, Hannen, V, Hartmann, J, Haußmann, N, Heizmann, F, Heizmann, J, Helbing, K, Hickford, S, Hillesheimer, D, Hinz, D, Höhn, T, Holzapfel, B, Holzmann, S, Houdy, T, Jansen, A, Karl, C, Kellerer, J, Kernert, N, Kippenbrock, L, Klein, M, Köhler, C, Köllenberger, L, Kopmann, A, Korzeczek, M, Kovalík, A, Krasch, B, Krause, H, Kuffner, B, Kunka, N, Lasserre, T, La Cascio, L, Lebeda, O, Lehnert, B, Letnev, J, Leven, F, Le, TL, Lichter, S, Lokhov, A, Machatschek, M, Malcherek, E, Marsteller, A, Martin, EL, Melzer, C, Menshikov, A, Mertens, S, Mirz, S, Monreal, B, Müller, K, Naumann, U, Neumann, H, Niemes, S, Noe, M, Ortjohann, HW, Osipowicz, A, Otten, E, Parno, DS, and Pollithy, A
Subjects: Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract: The KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino experiment (KATRIN) aims to determine the effective electron (anti)-neutrino mass with a sensitivity of 0.2eV/c2 by precisely measuring the endpoint region of the tritium β-decay spectrum. It uses a tandem of electrostatic spectrometers working as magnetic adiabatic collimation combined with an electrostatic (MAC-E) filters. In the space between the pre-spectrometer and the main spectrometer, creating a Penning trap is unavoidable when the superconducting magnet between the two spectrometers, biased at their respective nominal potentials, is energized. The electrons accumulated in this trap can lead to discharges, which create additional background electrons and endanger the spectrometer and detector section downstream. To counteract this problem, “electron catchers” were installed in the beamline inside the magnet bore between the two spectrometers. These catchers can be moved across the magnetic-flux tube and intercept on a sub-ms time scale the stored electrons along their magnetron motion paths. In this paper, we report on the design and the successful commissioning of the electron catchers and present results on their efficiency in reducing the experimental background.
Published: 2020

14. High-resolution spectroscopy of gaseous 83mKr conversion electrons with the KATRIN experiment

Author: Altenmüller, K, Arenz, M, Baek, WJ, Beck, M, Beglarian, A, Behrens, J, Bergmann, T, Berlev, A, Besserer, U, Blaum, K, Block, F, Bobien, S, Bode, T, Bornschein, B, Bornschein, L, Brunst, T, Buzinsky, N, Chilingaryan, S, Choi, WQ, Deffert, M, Doe, PJ, Dragoun, O, Drexlin, G, Dyba, S, Edzards, F, Eitel, K, Ellinger, E, Engel, R, Enomoto, S, Eversheim, D, Fedkevych, M, Formaggio, JA, Fränkle, FM, Franklin, GB, Friedel, F, Fulst, A, Gil, W, Glück, F, Ureña, AG, Grohmann, S, Grössle, R, Gumbsheimer, R, Hackenjos, M, Hannen, V, Harms, F, Haußmann, N, Heizmann, F, Helbing, K, Hickford, S, Hilk, D, Hillesheimer, D, Hinz, D, Howe, MA, Huber, A, Jansen, A, Kellerer, J, Kernert, N, Kippenbrock, L, Klein, M, Kopmann, A, Korzeczek, M, Kovalík, A, Krasch, B, Kraus, M, Lasserre, T, Lebeda, O, Letnev, J, Lokhov, A, Machatschek, M, Marsteller, A, Martin, EL, Mertens, S, Mirz, S, Monreal, B, Neumann, H, Niemes, S, Off, A, Osipowicz, A, Otten, E, Parno, DS, Plischke, P, Pollithy, A, Poon, AWP, Priester, F, C-O Ranitzsch, P, Rest, O, Robertson, RGH, Roccati, F, Rodenbeck, C, Röllig, M, Röttele, C, Ryšavý, M, Sack, R, Saenz, A, Schimpf, L, Schlösser, K, Schlösser, M, Schönung, K, Schrank, M, and Seitz-Moskaliuk, H
Subjects: Nuclear & Particles Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract: In this work, we present the first spectroscopic measurements of conversion electrons originating from the decay of metastable gaseous 83mKr with the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment. The obtained results represent one of the major commissioning milestones for the subsequent direct neutrino mass measurement with KATRIN. The successful campaign demonstrates the functionalities of the KATRIN beamline. Precise measurement of the narrow K-32, L3-32, and N2,3-32 conversion electron lines allowed to verify the eV-scale energy resolution of the KATRIN main spectrometer necessary for competitive measurement of the absolute neutrino mass scale.
Published: 2020

15. First operation of the KATRIN experiment with tritium

Author: Aker, M, Altenmüller, K, Arenz, M, Baek, WJ, Barrett, J, Beglarian, A, Behrens, J, Berlev, A, Besserer, U, Blaum, K, Block, F, Bobien, S, Bornschein, B, Bornschein, L, Bouquet, H, Brunst, T, Caldwell, TS, Chilingaryan, S, Choi, W, Debowski, K, Deffert, M, Descher, M, Díaz Barrero, D, Doe, PJ, Dragoun, O, Drexlin, G, Dyba, S, Edzards, F, Eitel, K, Ellinger, E, Engel, R, Enomoto, S, Eversheim, D, Fedkevych, M, Felden, A, Formaggio, JA, Fränkle, FM, Franklin, GB, Frankrone, H, Friedel, F, Fuchs, D, Fulst, A, Gauda, K, Gil, W, Glück, F, Grohmann, S, Grössle, R, Gumbsheimer, R, Hackenjos, M, Hannen, V, Hartmann, J, Haußmann, N, Ha-Minh, M, Heizmann, F, Heizmann, J, Helbing, K, Hickford, S, Hillesheimer, D, Hinz, D, Höhn, T, Holzapfel, B, Holzmann, S, Houdy, T, Howe, MA, Huber, A, Jansen, A, Karl, C, Kellerer, J, Kernert, N, Kippenbrock, L, Klein, M, Köhler, C, Köllenberger, L, Kopmann, A, Korzeczek, M, Kovalík, A, Krasch, B, Krause, H, Kuffner, B, Kunka, N, Lasserre, T, La Cascio, L, Lebeda, O, Lebert, M, Lehnert, B, Letnev, J, Leven, F, Le, TL, Lichter, S, Lokhov, A, Machatschek, M, Malcherek, E, Mark, M, Marsteller, A, Martin, EL, Megas, F, Melzer, C, Menshikov, A, Mertens, S, and Meier, M
Subjects: Nuclear & Particles Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract: The determination of the neutrino mass is one of the major challenges in astroparticle physics today. Direct neutrino mass experiments, based solely on the kinematics of β -decay, provide a largely model-independent probe to the neutrino mass scale. The Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment is designed to directly measure the effective electron antineutrino mass with a sensitivity of 0.2eV (90 % CL). In this work we report on the first operation of KATRIN with tritium which took place in 2018. During this commissioning phase of the tritium circulation system, excellent agreement of the theoretical prediction with the recorded spectra was found and stable conditions over a time period of 13 days could be established. These results are an essential prerequisite for the subsequent neutrino mass measurements with KATRIN in 2019.
Published: 2020

16. Cosmogenic neutron production at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Author: Aharmim, B, Ahmed, SN, Anthony, AE, Barros, N, Beier, EW, Bellerive, A, Beltran, B, Bergevin, M, Biller, SD, Bonventre, R, Boudjemline, K, Boulay, MG, Cai, B, Callaghan, EJ, Caravaca, J, Chan, YD, Chauhan, D, Chen, M, Cleveland, BT, Cox, GA, Curley, R, Dai, X, Deng, H, Descamps, FB, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Doucas, G, Drouin, PL, Dunford, M, Elliott, SR, Evans, HC, Ewan, GT, Farine, J, Fergani, H, Fleurot, F, Ford, RJ, Formaggio, JA, Gagnon, N, Gilje, K, Goon, JTM, Graham, K, Guillian, E, Habib, S, Hahn, RL, Hallin, AL, Hallman, ED, Harvey, PJ, Hazama, R, Heintzelman, WJ, Heise, J, Helmer, RL, Hime, A, Howard, C, Huang, M, Jagam, P, Jamieson, B, Jelley, NA, Jerkins, M, Kéfélian, C, Keeter, KJ, Klein, JR, Kormos, LL, Kos, M, Krüger, A, Kraus, C, Krauss, CB, Kutter, T, Kyba, CCM, Land, BJ, Lange, R, Law, J, Lawson, IT, Lesko, KT, Leslie, JR, Levine, I, Loach, JC, MacLellan, R, Majerus, S, Mak, HB, Maneira, J, Martin, RD, Mastbaum, A, McCauley, N, McDonald, AB, McGee, SR, Miller, ML, Monreal, B, Monroe, J, Nickel, BG, Noble, AJ, O'Keeffe, HM, Oblath, NS, Okada, CE, Ollerhead, RW, Orebi Gann, GD, Oser, SM, Ott, RA, Peeters, SJM, Poon, AWP, and Prior, G
Subjects: hep-ex, nucl-ex
Abstract: Neutrons produced in nuclear interactions initiated by cosmic-ray muons present an irreducible background to many rare-event searches, even in detectors located deep underground. Models for the production of these neutrons have been tested against previous experimental data, but the extrapolation to deeper sites is not well understood. Here we report results from an analysis of cosmogenically produced neutrons at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory. A specific set of observables are presented, which can be used to benchmark the validity of geant4 physics models. In addition, the cosmogenic neutron yield, in units of 10-4 cm2/(g·μ), is measured to be 7.28±0.09(stat)-1.12+1.59(syst) in pure heavy water and 7.30±0.07(stat)-1.02+1.40(syst) in NaCl-loaded heavy water. These results provide unique insights into this potential background source for experiments at SNOLAB.
Published: 2019

17. Improved Upper Limit on the Neutrino Mass from a Direct Kinematic Method by KATRIN

Author: Aker, M, Altenmüller, K, Arenz, M, Babutzka, M, Barrett, J, Bauer, S, Beck, M, Beglarian, A, Behrens, J, Bergmann, T, Besserer, U, Blaum, K, Block, F, Bobien, S, Bokeloh, K, Bonn, J, Bornschein, B, Bornschein, L, Bouquet, H, Brunst, T, Caldwell, TS, La Cascio, L, Chilingaryan, S, Choi, W, Corona, TJ, Debowski, K, Deffert, M, Descher, M, Doe, PJ, Dragoun, O, Drexlin, G, Dunmore, JA, Dyba, S, Edzards, F, Eisenblätter, L, Eitel, K, Ellinger, E, Engel, R, Enomoto, S, Erhard, M, Eversheim, D, Fedkevych, M, Felden, A, Fischer, S, Flatt, B, Formaggio, JA, Fränkle, FM, Franklin, GB, Frankrone, H, Friedel, F, Fuchs, D, Fulst, A, Furse, D, Gauda, K, Gemmeke, H, Gil, W, Glück, F, Görhardt, S, Groh, S, Grohmann, S, Grössle, R, Gumbsheimer, R, Minh, M Ha, Hackenjos, M, Hannen, V, Harms, F, Hartmann, J, Haußmann, N, Heizmann, F, Helbing, K, Hickford, S, Hilk, D, Hillen, B, Hillesheimer, D, Hinz, D, Höhn, T, Holzapfel, B, Holzmann, S, Houdy, T, Howe, MA, Huber, A, James, TM, Jansen, A, Kaboth, A, Karl, C, Kazachenko, O, Kellerer, J, Kernert, N, Kippenbrock, L, Kleesiek, M, Klein, M, Köhler, C, Köllenberger, L, Kopmann, A, Korzeczek, M, Kosmider, A, Kovalík, A, Krasch, B, Kraus, M, and Krause, H
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, KATRIN Collaboration, hep-ex, astro-ph.CO, nucl-ex, physics.ins-det, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract: We report on the neutrino mass measurement result from the first four-week science run of the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino experiment KATRIN in spring 2019. Beta-decay electrons from a high-purity gaseous molecular tritium source are energy analyzed by a high-resolution MAC-E filter. A fit of the integrated electron spectrum over a narrow interval around the kinematic end point at 18.57 keV gives an effective neutrino mass square value of (-1.0_{-1.1}^{+0.9}) eV^{2}. From this, we derive an upper limit of 1.1 eV (90% confidence level) on the absolute mass scale of neutrinos. This value coincides with the KATRIN sensitivity. It improves upon previous mass limits from kinematic measurements by almost a factor of 2 and provides model-independent input to cosmological studies of structure formation.
Published: 2019

18. Gamma-induced background in the KATRIN main spectrometer

Author: Altenmüller, K, Arenz, M, Baek, WJ, Beck, M, Beglarian, A, Behrens, J, Berlev, A, Besserer, U, Blaum, K, Block, F, Bobien, S, Bode, T, Bornschein, B, Bornschein, L, Bouquet, H, Brunst, T, Buzinsky, N, Chilingaryan, S, Choi, WQ, Deffert, M, Doe, PJ, Dragoun, O, Drexlin, G, Dyba, S, Eitel, K, Ellinger, E, Engel, R, Enomoto, S, Erhard, M, Eversheim, D, Fedkevych, M, Formaggio, JA, Fränkle, FM, Franklin, GB, Friedel, F, Fulst, A, Gil, W, Glück, F, Ureña, AG, Grössle, R, Gumbsheimer, R, Hackenjos, M, Hannen, V, Harms, F, Haußmann, N, Heizmann, F, Helbing, K, Herz, W, Hickford, S, Hilk, D, Hillesheimer, D, Howe, MA, Huber, A, Jansen, A, Karl, C, Kellerer, J, Kernert, N, Kippenbrock, L, Klein, M, Kopmann, A, Korzeczek, M, Kovalík, A, Krasch, B, Kraus, A, Kraus, M, Lasserre, T, Lebeda, O, Lehnert, B, Letnev, J, Lokhov, A, Machatschek, M, Marsteller, A, Martin, EL, Mertens, S, Mirz, S, Monreal, B, Neumann, H, Niemes, S, Osipowicz, A, Otten, E, Parno, DS, Pollithy, A, Poon, AWP, Priester, F, Ranitzsch, PCO, Rest, O, Robertson, RGH, Rodenbeck, C, Röllig, M, Röttele, C, Ryšavý, M, Sack, R, Saenz, A, Schimpf, L, Schlösser, K, Schlösser, M, Schlüter, L, Schrank, M, Seitz-Moskaliuk, H, and Sibille, V
Subjects: Nuclear & Particles Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract: The KATRIN experiment aims to measure the effective electron antineutrino mass mν¯e with a sensitivity of 0.2eV/c2 using a gaseous tritium source combined with the MAC-E filter technique. A low background rate is crucial to achieving the proposed sensitivity, and dedicated measurements have been performed to study possible sources of background electrons. In this work, we test the hypothesis that gamma radiation from external radioactive sources significantly increases the rate of background events created in the main spectrometer (MS) and observed in the focal-plane detector. Using detailed simulations of the gamma flux in the experimental hall, combined with a series of experimental tests that artificially increased or decreased the local gamma flux to the MS, we set an upper limit of 0.006count/s (90% C.L.) from this mechanism. Our results indicate the effectiveness of the electrostatic and magnetic shielding used to block secondary electrons emitted from the inner surface of the MS.
Published: 2019

19. Measurement of neutron production in atmospheric neutrino interactions at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Author: Aharmim, B, Ahmed, SN, Anthony, AE, Barros, N, Beier, EW, Bellerive, A, Beltran, B, Bergevin, M, Biller, SD, Bonventre, R, Boudjemline, K, Boulay, MG, Cai, B, Callaghan, EJ, Caravaca, J, Chan, YD, Chauhan, D, Chen, M, Cleveland, BT, Cox, GA, Dai, X, Deng, H, Descamps, FB, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Doucas, G, Drouin, P-L, Dunford, M, Elliott, SR, Evans, HC, Ewan, GT, Farine, J, Fergani, H, Fleurot, F, Ford, RJ, Formaggio, JA, Gagnon, N, Gilje, K, Goon, JTM, Graham, K, Guillian, E, Habib, S, Hahn, RL, Hallin, AL, Hallman, ED, Harvey, PJ, Hazama, R, Heintzelman, WJ, Heise, J, Helmer, RL, Hime, A, Howard, C, Huang, M, Jagam, P, Jamieson, B, Jelley, NA, Jerkins, M, Keeter, KJ, Klein, JR, Kormos, LL, Kos, M, Kruger, A, Kraus, C, Krauss, CB, Kutter, T, Kyba, CCM, Land, BJ, Lange, R, Law, J, Lawson, IT, Lesko, KT, Leslie, JR, Levine, I, Loach, JC, MacLellan, R, Majerus, S, Mak, HB, Maneira, J, Martin, RD, Mastbaum, A, McCauley, N, McDonald, AB, McGee, SR, Miller, ML, Monreal, B, Monroe, J, Nickel, BG, Noble, AJ, O'Keeffe, HM, Oblath, NS, Okada, CE, Ollerhead, RW, Gann, GD Orebi, Oser, SM, Ott, RA, Peeters, SJM, Poon, AWP, Prior, G, Reitzner, SD, and Rielage, K
Subjects: hep-ex
Abstract: Neutron production in GeV-scale neutrino interactions is a poorly studiedprocess. We have measured the neutron multiplicities in atmospheric neutrinointeractions in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory experiment and compared themto the prediction of a Monte Carlo simulation using GENIE and a minimallymodified version of GEANT4. We analyzed 837 days of exposure corresponding toPhase I, using pure heavy water, and Phase II, using a mixture of Cl in heavywater. Neutrons produced in atmospheric neutrino interactions were identifiedwith an efficiency of $15.3\%$ and $44.3\%$, for Phase I and II respectively.The neutron production is measured as a function of the visible energy of theneutrino interaction and, for charged current quasi-elastic interactioncandidates, also as a function of the neutrino energy. This study is alsoperformed classifying the complete sample into two pairs of event categories:charged current quasi-elastic and non charged current quasi-elastic, and$\nu_{\mu}$ and $\nu_e$. Results show good overall agreement between data andMonte Carlo for both phases, with some small tension with a statisticalsignificance below $2\sigma$ for some intermediate energies.
Published: 2019

20. Muon-induced background in the KATRIN main spectrometer

Author: Altenmüller, K, Arenz, M, Baek, W-J, Beck, M, Beglarian, A, Behrens, J, Bergmann, T, Berlev, A, Besserer, U, Blaum, K, Bobien, S, Bode, T, Bornschein, B, Bornschein, L, Brunst, T, Buzinsky, N, Chilingaryan, S, Choi, WQ, Deffert, M, Doe, PJ, Dragoun, O, Drexlin, G, Dyba, S, Edzards, F, Eitel, K, Ellinger, E, Engel, R, Enomoto, S, Erhard, M, Eversheim, D, Fedkevych, M, Formaggio, JA, Fränkle, FM, Franklin, GB, Friedel, F, Fulst, A, Gil, W, Glück, F, Ureña, A Gonzalez, Grohmann, S, Grössle, R, Gumbsheimer, R, Hackenjos, M, Hannen, V, Harms, F, Haußmann, N, Heizmann, F, Helbing, K, Herz, W, Hickford, S, Hilk, D, Hillesheimer, D, Howe, MA, Huber, A, Jansen, A, Kellerer, J, Kernert, N, Kippenbrock, L, Kleesiek, M, Klein, M, Kopmann, A, Korzeczek, M, Kovalík, A, Krasch, B, Kraus, M, Kuckert, L, Lasserre, T, Lebeda, O, Leiber, B, Letnev, J, Linek, J, Lokhov, A, Machatschek, M, Marsteller, A, Martin, EL, Mertens, S, Mirz, S, Monreal, B, Neumann, H, Niemes, S, Off, A, Osipowicz, A, Otten, E, Parno, DS, Pollithy, A, Poon, AWP, Priester, F, Ranitzsch, PC-O, Rest, O, Rink, R, Robertson, RGH, Roccati, F, Rodenbeck, C, Röllig, M, Röttele, C, Rovedo, P, Ryšavý, M, Sack, R, Saenz, A, and Schimpf, L
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, Cosmic-ray muon backgrounds, Electrostatic spectrometer, Neutrino mass, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract: The KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment aims to make a model-independent determination of the effective electron antineutrino mass with a sensitivity of 0.2 eV/c 2 . It investigates the kinematics of β-particles from tritium β-decay close to the endpoint of the energy spectrum. Because the KATRIN main spectrometer (MS) is located above ground, muon-induced backgrounds are of particular concern. Coincidence measurements with the MS and a scintillator-based muon detector system confirmed the model of secondary electron production by cosmic-ray muons inside the MS. Correlation measurements with the same setup showed that about 12% of secondary electrons emitted from the inner surface are induced by cosmic-ray muons, with approximately one secondary electron produced for every 17 muon crossings. However, the magnetic and electrostatic shielding of the MS is able to efficiently suppress these electrons, and we find that muons are responsible for less than 17% (90% confidence level) of the overall MS background.
Published: 2019

21. Constraints on neutrino lifetime from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Author: Aharmim, B, Ahmed, SN, Anthony, AE, Barros, N, Beier, EW, Bellerive, A, Beltran, B, Bergevin, M, Biller, SD, Bonventre, R, Boudjemline, K, Boulay, MG, Cai, B, Callaghan, EJ, Caravaca, J, Chan, YD, Chauhan, D, Chen, M, Cleveland, BT, Cox, GA, Dai, X, Deng, H, Descamps, FB, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Doucas, G, Drouin, P-L, Dunford, M, Elliott, SR, Evans, HC, Ewan, GT, Farine, J, Fergani, H, Fleurot, F, Ford, RJ, Formaggio, JA, Gagnon, N, Gilje, K, Goon, J TM, Graham, K, Guillian, E, Habib, S, Hahn, RL, Hallin, AL, Hallman, ED, Harvey, PJ, Hazama, R, Heintzelman, WJ, Heise, J, Helmer, RL, Hime, A, Howard, C, Huang, M, Jagam, P, Jamieson, B, Jelley, NA, Jerkins, M, Kéfélian, C, Keeter, KJ, Klein, JR, Kormos, LL, Kos, M, Krüger, A, Kraus, C, Krauss, CB, Kutter, T, Kyba, CCM, Land, BJ, Lange, R, Law, J, Lawson, IT, Lesko, KT, Leslie, JR, Levine, I, Loach, JC, MacLellan, R, Majerus, S, Mak, HB, Maneira, J, Martin, RD, Mastbaum, A, McCauley, N, McDonald, AB, McGee, SR, Miller, ML, Monreal, B, Monroe, J, Nickel, BG, Noble, AJ, O’Keeffe, HM, Oblath, NS, Okada, CE, Ollerhead, RW, Gann, GD Orebi, Oser, SM, Ott, RA, Peeters, SJM, Poon, AWP, Prior, G, and Reitzner, SD
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, hep-ex, nucl-ex
Abstract: The long baseline between Earth and the Sun makes solar neutrinos an excellent test beam for exploring possible neutrino decay. The signature of such decay would be an energy-dependent distortion of the traditional survival probability which can be fit for using well-developed and high-precision analysis methods. Here a model including neutrino decay is fit to all three phases of B8 solar neutrino data taken by the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO). This fit constrains the lifetime of neutrino mass state ν2 to be >8.08×10-5 s/eV at 90% confidence. An analysis combining this SNO result with those from other solar neutrino experiments results in a combined limit for the lifetime of mass state ν2 of >1.92×10-3 s/eV at 90% confidence.
Published: 2019

22. Tests of Lorentz invariance at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Author: Aharmim, B, Ahmed, SN, Anthony, AE, Barros, N, Beier, EW, Bellerive, A, Beltran, B, Bergevin, M, Biller, SD, Blucher, E, Bonventre, R, Boudjemline, K, Boulay, MG, Cai, B, Callaghan, EJ, Caravaca, J, Chan, YD, Chauhan, D, Chen, M, Cleveland, BT, Cox, GA, Dai, X, Deng, H, Descamps, FB, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Doucas, G, Drouin, P-L, Dunford, M, Elliott, SR, Evans, HC, Ewan, GT, Farine, J, Fergani, H, Fleurot, F, Ford, RJ, Formaggio, JA, Gagnon, N, Gilje, K, Goon, J TM, Graham, K, Guillian, E, Habib, S, Hahn, RL, Hallin, AL, Hallman, ED, Harvey, PJ, Hazama, R, Heintzelman, WJ, Heise, J, Helmer, RL, Hime, A, Howard, C, Huang, M, Jagam, P, Jamieson, B, Jelley, NA, Jerkins, M, Kéfélian, C, Keeter, KJ, Klein, JR, Kormos, LL, Kos, M, Krüger, A, Kraus, C, Krauss, CB, Kutter, T, Kyba, CCM, Labe, K, Land, BJ, Lange, R, LaTorre, A, Law, J, Lawson, IT, Lesko, KT, Leslie, JR, Levine, I, Loach, JC, MacLellan, R, Majerus, S, Mak, HB, Maneira, J, Martin, RD, Mastbaum, A, McCauley, N, McDonald, AB, McGee, SR, Miller, ML, Monreal, B, Monroe, J, Nickel, BG, Noble, AJ, O’Keeffe, HM, Oblath, NS, Okada, CE, Ollerhead, RW, Gann, GD Orebi, Oser, SM, Ott, RA, and Peeters, SJM
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, hep-ex, nucl-ex
Abstract: Experimental tests of Lorentz symmetry in systems of all types are critical for ensuring that the basic assumptions of physics are well founded. Data from all phases of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, a kiloton-scale heavy water Cherenkov detector, are analyzed for possible violations of Lorentz symmetry in the neutrino sector. Such violations would appear as one of eight possible signal types in the detector: six seasonal variations in the solar electron neutrino survival probability differing in energy and time dependence and two shape changes to the oscillated solar neutrino energy spectrum. No evidence for such signals is observed, and limits on the size of such effects are established in the framework of the standard model extension, including 38 limits on previously unconstrained operators and improved limits on 16 additional operators. This makes limits on all minimal, Dirac-type Lorentz violating operators in the neutrino sector available for the first time.
Published: 2018

23. Reduction of stored-particle background by a magnetic pulse method at the KATRIN experiment

Author: Arenz, M, Baek, W-J, Bauer, S, Beck, M, Beglarian, A, Behrens, J, Berendes, R, Bergmann, T, Berlev, A, Besserer, U, Blaum, K, Bode, T, Bornschein, B, Bornschein, L, Brunst, T, Buglak, W, Buzinsky, N, Chilingaryan, S, Choi, WQ, Deffert, M, Doe, PJ, Dragoun, O, Drexlin, G, Dyba, S, Edzards, F, Eitel, K, Ellinger, E, Engel, R, Enomoto, S, Erhard, M, Eversheim, D, Fedkevych, M, Formaggio, JA, Fränkle, FM, Franklin, GB, Friedel, F, Fulst, A, Furse, D, Gil, W, Glück, F, Ureña, A Gonzalez, Grohmann, S, Grössle, R, Gumbsheimer, R, Hackenjos, M, Hannen, V, Harms, F, Haußmann, N, Heizmann, F, Helbing, K, Herz, W, Hickford, S, Hilk, D, Howe, MA, Huber, A, Jansen, A, Kellerer, J, Kernert, N, Kippenbrock, L, Kleesiek, M, Klein, M, Kopmann, A, Korzeczek, M, Kovalík, A, Krasch, B, Kraus, M, Kuckert, L, Lasserre, T, Lebeda, O, Letnev, J, Lokhov, A, Machatschek, M, Marsteller, A, Martin, EL, Mertens, S, Mirz, S, Monreal, B, Neumann, H, Niemes, S, Off, A, Osipowicz, A, Otten, E, Parno, DS, Pollithy, A, Poon, AWP, Priester, F, Ranitzsch, PC-O, Rest, O, Robertson, RGH, Roccati, F, Rodenbeck, C, Röllig, M, Röttele, C, Ryšavý, M, Sack, R, Saenz, A, Schimpf, L, Schlösser, K, Schlösser, M, and Schönung, K
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, physics.ins-det, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Atomic, molecular and optical physics, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract: The KATRIN experiment aims to determine the effective electron neutrino mass with a sensitivity of 0.2eV/c2 (%90 CL) by precision measurement of the shape of the tritium β -spectrum in the endpoint region. The energy analysis of the decay electrons is achieved by a MAC-E filter spectrometer. A common background source in this setup is the decay of short-lived isotopes, such as 219Rn and 220Rn , in the spectrometer volume. Active and passive countermeasures have been implemented and tested at the KATRIN main spectrometer. One of these is the magnetic pulse method, which employs the existing air coil system to reduce the magnetic guiding field in the spectrometer on a short timescale in order to remove low- and high-energy stored electrons. Here we describe the working principle of this method and present results from commissioning measurements at the main spectrometer. Simulations with the particle-tracking software Kassiopeia were carried out to gain a detailed understanding of the electron storage conditions and removal processes.
Published: 2018

24. The KATRIN superconducting magnets: Overview and first performance results

Author: Arenz, M, Baek, WJ, Beck, M, Beglarian, A, Behrens, J, Bergmann, T, Berlev, A, Besserer, U, Blaum, K, Bode, T, Bornschein, B, Bornschein, L, Brunst, T, Buzinsky, N, Chilingaryan, S, Choi, WQ, Deffert, M, Doe, PJ, Dragoun, O, Drexlin, G, Dyba, S, Edzards, F, Eitel, K, Ellinger, E, Engel, R, Enomoto, S, Erhard, M, Eversheim, D, Fedkevych, M, Formaggio, JA, Frankle, FM, Franklin, GB, Friedel, F, Fulst, A, Gil, W, Glück, F, Urena, AG, Grohmann, S, Grössle, R, Gumbsheimer, R, Hackenjos, M, Hannen, V, Harms, F, Haußmann, N, Heizmann, F, Helbing, K, Herz, W, Hickford, S, Hilk, D, Howe, MA, Huber, A, Jansen, A, Kellerer, J, Kernert, N, Kippenbrock, L, Kleesiek, M, Klein, M, Kopmann, A, Korzeczek, M, Kovalik, A, Krasch, B, Kraus, M, Kuckert, L, Lasserre, T, Lebeda, O, Letnev, J, Lokhov, A, Machatschek, M, Marsteller, A, Martin, EL, Mertens, S, Mirz, S, Monreal, B, Neumann, H, Niemes, S, Off, A, Osipowicz, A, Otten, E, Parno, DS, Pollithy, A, Poon, AWP, Priester, F, Ranitzsch, PCO, Rest, O, Robertson, RGH, Roccati, F, Rodenbeck, C, Röllig, M, Röttele, C, Ryšavý, M, Sack, R, Saenz, A, Schimpf, L, Schlösser, K, Schlösser, M, Schönung, K, Schrank, M, Seitz-Moskaliuk, H, Sentkerestiová, J, and Sibille, V
Subjects: Acceleration cavities and magnets superconducting, Control systems, Cryogenics, Spectrometers, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Other Physical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Engineering
Abstract: The KATRIN experiment aims for the determination of the effective electron anti-neutrino mass from the tritium beta-decay with an unprecedented sub-eV sensitivity. The strong magnetic fields, designed for up to 6 T, adiabatically guide β-electrons from the source to the detector within a magnetic flux of 191 Tcm2. A chain of ten single solenoid magnets and two larger superconducting magnet systems have been designed, constructed, and installed in the 70-m-long KATRIN beam line. The beam diameter for the magnetic flux varies from 0.064 m to 9 m, depending on the magnetic flux density along the beam line. Two transport and tritium pumping sections are assembled with chicane beam tubes to avoid direct "line-of-sight" molecular beaming effect of gaseous tritium molecules into the next beam sections. The sophisticated beam alignment has been successfully cross-checked by electron sources. In addition, magnet safety systems were developed to protect the complex magnet systems against coil quenches or other system failures. The main functionality of the magnet safety systems has been successfully tested with the two large magnet systems. The complete chain of the magnets was operated for several weeks at 70% of the design fields for the first test measurements with radioactive krypton gas. The stability of the magnetic fields of the source magnets has been shown to be better than 0.01% per month at 70% of the design fields. This paper gives an overview of the KATRIN superconducting magnets and reports on the first performance results of the magnets.
Published: 2018

25. Calibration of high voltages at the ppm level by the difference of 83mKr conversion electron lines at the KATRIN experiment

Author: Arenz, M, Baek, W-J, Beck, M, Beglarian, A, Behrens, J, Bergmann, T, Berlev, A, Besserer, U, Blaum, K, Bode, T, Bornschein, B, Bornschein, L, Brunst, T, Buzinsky, N, Chilingaryan, S, Choi, WQ, Deffert, M, Doe, PJ, Dragoun, O, Drexlin, G, Dyba, S, Edzards, F, Eitel, K, Ellinger, E, Engel, R, Enomoto, S, Erhard, M, Eversheim, D, Fedkevych, M, Fischer, S, Formaggio, JA, Fränkle, FM, Franklin, GB, Friedel, F, Fulst, A, Gil, W, Glück, F, Ureña, A Gonzalez, Grohmann, S, Grössle, R, Gumbsheimer, R, Hackenjos, M, Hannen, V, Harms, F, Haußmann, N, Heizmann, F, Helbing, K, Herz, W, Hickford, S, Hilk, D, Hillesheimer, D, Howe, MA, Huber, A, Jansen, A, Kellerer, J, Kernert, N, Kippenbrock, L, Kleesiek, M, Klein, M, Kopmann, A, Korzeczek, M, Kovalík, A, Krasch, B, Kraus, M, Kuckert, L, Lasserre, T, Lebeda, O, Letnev, J, Lokhov, A, Machatschek, M, Marsteller, A, Martin, EL, Mertens, S, Mirz, S, Monreal, B, Neumann, H, Niemes, S, Off, A, Osipowicz, A, Otten, E, Parno, DS, Pollithy, A, Poon, AWP, Priester, F, Ranitzsch, PC-O, Rest, O, Robertson, RGH, Roccati, F, Rodenbeck, C, Röllig, M, Röttele, C, Ryšavý, M, Sack, R, Saenz, A, Schimpf, L, Schlösser, K, Schlösser, M, Schönung, K, Schrank, M, and Seitz-Moskaliuk, H
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Atomic, molecular and optical physics, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract: The neutrino mass experiment KATRIN requires a stability of 3 ppm for the retarding potential at − 18.6 kV of the main spectrometer. To monitor the stability, two custom-made ultra-precise high-voltage dividers were developed and built in cooperation with the German national metrology institute Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB). Until now, regular absolute calibration of the voltage dividers required bringing the equipment to the specialised metrology laboratory. Here we present a new method based on measuring the energy difference of two 83 mKr conversion electron lines with the KATRIN setup, which was demonstrated during KATRIN’s commissioning measurements in July 2017. The measured scale factor M= 1972.449 (10) of the high-voltage divider K35 is in agreement with the last PTB calibration 4 years ago. This result demonstrates the utility of the calibration method, as well as the long-term stability of the voltage divider.
Published: 2018

26. Calibration of high voltages at the ppm level by the difference of 83 m Kr conversion electron lines at the KATRIN experiment

Author: Arenz, M, Baek, WJ, Beck, M, Beglarian, A, Behrens, J, Bergmann, T, Berlev, A, Besserer, U, Blaum, K, Bode, T, Bornschein, B, Bornschein, L, Brunst, T, Buzinsky, N, Chilingaryan, S, Choi, WQ, Deffert, M, Doe, PJ, Dragoun, O, Drexlin, G, Dyba, S, Edzards, F, Eitel, K, Ellinger, E, Engel, R, Enomoto, S, Erhard, M, Eversheim, D, Fedkevych, M, Fischer, S, Formaggio, JA, Fränkle, FM, Franklin, GB, Friedel, F, Fulst, A, Gil, W, Glück, F, Ureña, AG, Grohmann, S, Grössle, R, Gumbsheimer, R, Hackenjos, M, Hannen, V, Harms, F, Haußmann, N, Heizmann, F, Helbing, K, Herz, W, Hickford, S, Hilk, D, Hillesheimer, D, Howe, MA, Huber, A, Jansen, A, Kellerer, J, Kernert, N, Kippenbrock, L, Kleesiek, M, Klein, M, Kopmann, A, Korzeczek, M, Kovalík, A, Krasch, B, Kraus, M, Kuckert, L, Lasserre, T, Lebeda, O, Letnev, J, Lokhov, A, Machatschek, M, Marsteller, A, Martin, EL, Mertens, S, Mirz, S, Monreal, B, Neumann, H, Niemes, S, Off, A, Osipowicz, A, Otten, E, Parno, DS, Pollithy, A, Poon, AWP, Priester, F, Ranitzsch, PCO, Rest, O, Robertson, RGH, Roccati, F, Rodenbeck, C, Röllig, M, Röttele, C, Ryšavý, M, Sack, R, Saenz, A, Schimpf, L, Schlösser, K, Schlösser, M, Schönung, K, Schrank, M, and Seitz-Moskaliuk, H
Subjects: Nuclear & Particles Physics, Quantum Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract: The neutrino mass experiment KATRIN requires a stability of 3 ppm for the retarding potential at − 18.6 kV of the main spectrometer. To monitor the stability, two custom-made ultra-precise high-voltage dividers were developed and built in cooperation with the German national metrology institute Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB). Until now, regular absolute calibration of the voltage dividers required bringing the equipment to the specialised metrology laboratory. Here we present a new method based on measuring the energy difference of two 83 mKr conversion electron lines with the KATRIN setup, which was demonstrated during KATRIN’s commissioning measurements in July 2017. The measured scale factor M= 1972.449 (10) of the high-voltage divider K35 is in agreement with the last PTB calibration 4 years ago. This result demonstrates the utility of the calibration method, as well as the long-term stability of the voltage divider.
Published: 2018

27. First transmission of electrons and ions through the KATRIN beamline

Author: Arenz, M, Baek, WJ, Beck, M, Beglarian, A, Behrens, J, Bergmann, T, Berlev, A, Besserer, U, Blaum, K, Bode, T, Bornschein, B, Bornschein, L, Brunst, T, Buzinsky, N, Chilingaryan, S, Choi, WQ, Deffert, M, Doe, PJ, Dragoun, O, Drexlin, G, Dyba, S, Edzards, F, Eitel, K, Ellinger, E, Engel, R, Enomoto, S, Erhard, M, Eversheim, D, Fedkevych, M, Fischer, S, Formaggio, JA, Frankle, FM, Franklin, GB, Friedel, F, Fulst, A, Gil, W, Glück, F, Urena, AG, Grohmann, S, Grössle, R, Gumbsheimer, R, Hackenjos, M, Hannen, V, Harms, F, Haußmann, N, Heizmann, F, Helbing, K, Herz, W, Hickford, S, Hilk, D, Hillesheimer, D, Howe, MA, Huber, A, Jansen, A, Kellerer, J, Kernert, N, Kippenbrock, L, Kleesiek, M, Klein, M, Kopmann, A, Korzeczek, M, Kovalik, A, Krasch, B, Kraus, M, Kuckert, L, Lasserre, T, Lebeda, O, Letnev, J, Lokhov, A, Machatschek, M, Marsteller, A, Martin, EL, Mertens, S, Mirz, S, Monreal, B, Naumann, U, Neumann, H, Niemes, S, Off, A, Ortjohann, HW, Osipowicz, A, Otten, E, Parno, DS, Pollithy, A, Poon, AWP, Priester, F, Ranitzsch, PCO, Rest, O, Robertson, RGH, Roccati, F, Rodenbeck, C, Röllig, M, Röttele, C, Ryšavý, M, Sack, R, Saenz, A, Schimpf, L, Schlösser, K, Schlösser, M, and Schönung, K
Subjects: Ion sources (positive ions, negative ions, electron cyclotron resonance (ECR), electron beam (EBIS)), Detector control systems, Beam-line instrumentation, Spectrometers, Ion sources (positive ions, negative ions, electron cyclotron resonance, electron beam (EBIS)), Nuclear & Particles Physics, Other Physical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Engineering
Abstract: The Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment is a large-scale effort to probe the absolute neutrino mass scale with a sensitivity of 0.2 eV (90% confidence level), via a precise measurement of the endpoint spectrum of tritium β-decay. This work documents several KATRIN commissioning milestones: the complete assembly of the experimental beamline, the successful transmission of electrons from three sources through the beamline to the primary detector, and tests of ion transport and retention. In the First Light commissioning campaign of autumn 2016, photoelectrons were generated at the rear wall and ions were created by a dedicated ion source attached to the rear section; in July 2017, gaseous 83mKr was injected into the KATRIN source section, and a condensed 83mKr source was deployed in the transport section. In this paper we describe the technical details of the apparatus and the configuration for each measurement, and give first results on source and system performance. We have successfully achieved transmission from all four sources, established system stability, and characterized many aspects of the apparatus.
Published: 2018

28. Search for Neutrinoless Double-β Decay in Ge76 with the Majorana Demonstrator

Author: Aalseth, CE, Abgrall, N, Aguayo, E, Alvis, SI, Amman, M, Arnquist, IJ, Avignone, FT, Back, HO, Barabash, AS, Barbeau, PS, Barton, CJ, Barton, PJ, Bertrand, FE, Bode, T, Bos, B, Boswell, M, Bradley, AW, Brodzinski, RL, Brudanin, V, Busch, M, Buuck, M, Caldwell, AS, Caldwell, TS, Chan, Y-D, Christofferson, CD, Chu, P-H, Collar, JI, Combs, DC, Cooper, RJ, Cuesta, C, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Dunmore, JA, Efremenko, Yu, Ejiri, H, Elliott, SR, Fast, JE, Finnerty, P, Fraenkle, FM, Fu, Z, Fujikawa, BK, Fuller, E, Galindo-Uribarri, A, Gehman, VM, Gilliss, T, Giovanetti, GK, Goett, J, Green, MP, Gruszko, J, Guinn, IS, Guiseppe, VE, Hallin, AL, Haufe, CR, Hehn, L, Henning, R, Hoppe, EW, Hossbach, TW, Howe, MA, Jasinski, BR, Johnson, RA, Keeter, KJ, Kephart, JD, Kidd, MF, Knecht, A, Konovalov, SI, Kouzes, RT, LaFerriere, BD, Leon, J, Lesko, KT, Leviner, LE, Loach, JC, Lopez, AM, Luke, PN, MacMullin, J, MacMullin, S, Marino, MG, Martin, RD, Massarczyk, R, McDonald, AB, Mei, D-M, Meijer, SJ, Merriman, JH, Mertens, S, Miley, HS, Miller, ML, Myslik, J, Orrell, JL, O'Shaughnessy, C, Othman, G, Overman, NR, Perumpilly, G, Pettus, W, Phillips, DG, Poon, AWP, Pushkin, K, Radford, DC, Rager, J, Reeves, JH, Reine, AL, and Rielage, K
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, Majorana Collaboration, nucl-ex, physics.ins-det, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract: The Majorana Collaboration is operating an array of high purity Ge detectors to search for neutrinoless double-β decay in ^{76}Ge. The Majorana Demonstrator comprises 44.1 kg of Ge detectors (29.7 kg enriched in ^{76}Ge) split between two modules contained in a low background shield at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. Here we present results from data taken during construction, commissioning, and the start of full operations. We achieve unprecedented energy resolution of 2.5 keV FWHM at Q_{ββ} and a very low background with no observed candidate events in 9.95 kg yr of enriched Ge exposure, resulting in a lower limit on the half-life of 1.9×10^{25} yr (90% C.L.). This result constrains the effective Majorana neutrino mass to below 240-520 meV, depending on the matrix elements used. In our experimental configuration with the lowest background, the background is 4.0_{-2.5}^{+3.1} counts/(FWHM t yr).
Published: 2018

29. Search for Neutrinoless Double-β Decay in ^{76}Ge with the Majorana Demonstrator.

Author: Aalseth, CE, Abgrall, N, Aguayo, E, Alvis, SI, Amman, M, Arnquist, IJ, Avignone, FT, Back, HO, Barabash, AS, Barbeau, PS, Barton, CJ, Barton, PJ, Bertrand, FE, Bode, T, Bos, B, Boswell, M, Bradley, AW, Brodzinski, RL, Brudanin, V, Busch, M, Buuck, M, Caldwell, AS, Caldwell, TS, Chan, Y-D, Christofferson, CD, Chu, P-H, Collar, JI, Combs, DC, Cooper, RJ, Cuesta, C, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Dunmore, JA, Efremenko, Yu, Ejiri, H, Elliott, SR, Fast, JE, Finnerty, P, Fraenkle, FM, Fu, Z, Fujikawa, BK, Fuller, E, Galindo-Uribarri, A, Gehman, VM, Gilliss, T, Giovanetti, GK, Goett, J, Green, MP, Gruszko, J, Guinn, IS, Guiseppe, VE, Hallin, AL, Haufe, CR, Hehn, L, Henning, R, Hoppe, EW, Hossbach, TW, Howe, MA, Jasinski, BR, Johnson, RA, Keeter, KJ, Kephart, JD, Kidd, MF, Knecht, A, Konovalov, SI, Kouzes, RT, LaFerriere, BD, Leon, J, Lesko, KT, Leviner, LE, Loach, JC, Lopez, AM, Luke, PN, MacMullin, J, MacMullin, S, Marino, MG, Martin, RD, Massarczyk, R, McDonald, AB, Mei, D-M, Meijer, SJ, Merriman, JH, Mertens, S, Miley, HS, Miller, ML, Myslik, J, Orrell, JL, O'Shaughnessy, C, Othman, G, Overman, NR, Perumpilly, G, Pettus, W, Phillips, DG, Poon, AWP, Pushkin, K, Radford, DC, Rager, J, Reeves, JH, Reine, AL, and Rielage, K
Subjects: Majorana Collaboration, nucl-ex, physics.ins-det, General Physics, Mathematical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Engineering
Abstract: The Majorana Collaboration is operating an array of high purity Ge detectors to search for neutrinoless double-β decay in ^{76}Ge. The Majorana Demonstrator comprises 44.1 kg of Ge detectors (29.7 kg enriched in ^{76}Ge) split between two modules contained in a low background shield at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. Here we present results from data taken during construction, commissioning, and the start of full operations. We achieve unprecedented energy resolution of 2.5 keV FWHM at Q_{ββ} and a very low background with no observed candidate events in 9.95 kg yr of enriched Ge exposure, resulting in a lower limit on the half-life of 1.9×10^{25} yr (90% C.L.). This result constrains the effective Majorana neutrino mass to below 240-520 meV, depending on the matrix elements used. In our experimental configuration with the lowest background, the background is 4.0_{-2.5}^{+3.1} counts/(FWHM t yr).
Published: 2018

30. Search for neutron-Antineutron oscillations at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Author: Aharmim, B, Ahmed, SN, Anthony, AE, Barros, N, Beier, EW, Bellerive, A, Beltran, B, Bergevin, M, Biller, SD, Boudjemline, K, Boulay, MG, Cai, B, Chan, YD, Chauhan, D, Chen, M, Cleveland, BT, Cox, GA, Dai, X, Deng, H, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Doucas, G, Drouin, PL, Duncan, FA, Dunford, M, Earle, ED, Elliott, SR, Evans, HC, Ewan, GT, Farine, J, Fergani, H, Fleurot, F, Ford, RJ, Formaggio, JA, Gagnon, N, Goon, JT, Graham, K, Guillian, E, Habib, S, Hahn, RL, Hallin, AL, Hallman, ED, Harvey, PJ, Hazama, R, Heintzelman, WJ, Heise, J, Helmer, RL, Hime, A, Howard, C, Huang, M, Jagam, P, Jamieson, B, Jelley, NA, Jerkins, M, Keeter, KJ, Klein, JR, Kormos, LL, Kos, M, Krüger, A, Kraus, C, Krauss, CB, Kutter, T, Kyba, CCM, Lange, R, Law, J, Lawson, IT, Lesko, KT, Leslie, JR, Levine, I, Loach, JC, Maclellan, R, Majerus, S, Mak, HB, Maneira, J, Martin, RD, McCauley, N, McDonald, AB, McGee, SR, Miller, ML, Monreal, B, Monroe, J, Nickel, BG, Noble, AJ, O'Keeffe, HM, Oblath, NS, Okada, CE, Ollerhead, RW, Orebi Gann, GD, Oser, SM, Ott, RA, Peeters, SJM, Poon, AWP, Prior, G, Reitzner, SD, Rielage, K, Robertson, BC, Robertson, RGH, Schwendener, MH, Secrest, JA, and Seibert, SR
Subjects: hep-ex, nucl-ex, physics.ins-det
Abstract: Tests on B-L symmetry breaking models are important probes to search for new physics. One proposed model with Δ(B-L)=2 involves the oscillations of a neutron to an antineutron. In this paper, a new limit on this process is derived for the data acquired from all three operational phases of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory experiment. The search concentrated on oscillations occurring within the deuteron, and 23 events were observed against a background expectation of 30.5 events. These translated to a lower limit on the nuclear lifetime of 1.48×1031 yr at 90% C.L. when no restriction was placed on the signal likelihood space (unbounded). Alternatively, a lower limit on the nuclear lifetime was found to be 1.18×1031 yr at 90% C.L. when the signal was forced into a positive likelihood space (bounded). Values for the free oscillation time derived from various models are also provided in this article. This is the first search for neutron-Antineutron oscillation with the deuteron as a target.
Published: 2017

31. High voltage testing for the Majorana Demonstrator

Author: Abgrall, N, Arnquist, IJ, Avignone, FT, Barabash, AS, Bertrand, FE, Bradley, AW, Brudanin, V, Busch, M, Buuck, M, Byram, D, Caldwell, AS, Chan, Y-D, Christofferson, CD, Chu, P-H, Cuesta, C, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Dunagan, C, Efremenko, Yu, Ejiri, H, Elliott, SR, Fu, Z, Galindo-Uribarri, A, Giovanetti, GK, Goett, J, Green, MP, Gruszko, J, Guinn, IS, Guiseppe, VE, Henning, R, Hoppe, EW, Howard, S, Howe, MA, Jasinski, BR, Keeter, KJ, Kidd, MF, Konovalov, SI, Kouzes, RT, LaFerriere, BD, Leon, J, Li, A, MacMullin, J, Martin, RD, Massarczyk, R, Meijer, SJ, Mertens, S, Orrell, JL, O'Shaughnessy, C, Poon, AWP, Radford, DC, Rager, J, Rielage, K, Robertson, RGH, Romero-Romero, E, Shanks, B, Shirchenko, M, Snyder, N, Suriano, AM, Tedeschi, D, Thompson, A, Ton, KT, Trimble, JE, Varner, RL, Vasilyev, S, Vetter, K, Vorren, K, White, BR, Wilkerson, JF, Wiseman, C, Xu, W, Yakushev, E, Yu, C-H, and Yumatov, V
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, High-voltage, Micro-discharge, Vacuum, MAJORANA, physics.ins-det, hep-ex, nucl-ex, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Other Physical Sciences, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Nuclear and plasma physics
Abstract: The Majorana Collaboration is constructing the Majorana Demonstrator, an ultra-low background, 44-kg modular high-purity Ge (HPGe) detector array to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay in 76Ge. The phenomenon of surface micro-discharge induced by high-voltage has been studied in the context of the Majorana Demonstrator. This effect can damage the front-end electronics or mimic detector signals. To ensure the correct performance, every high-voltage cable and feedthrough must be capable of supplying HPGe detector operating voltages as high as 5 kV without exhibiting discharge. R&D measurements were carried out to understand the testing system and determine the optimum design configuration of the high-voltage path, including different improvements of the cable layout and feedthrough flange model selection. Every cable and feedthrough to be used at the Majorana Demonstrator was characterized and the micro-discharge effects during the Majorana Demonstrator commissioning phase were studied. A stable configuration has been achieved, and the cables and connectors can supply HPGe detector operating voltages without exhibiting discharge.
Published: 2016

32. Commissioning of the vacuum system of the KATRIN Main Spectrometer

Author: Arenz, M, Babutzka, M, Bahr, M, Barrett, JP, Bauer, S, Beck, M, Beglarian, A, Behrens, J, Bergmann, T, Besserer, U, Blümer, J, Bodine, LI, Bokeloh, K, Bonn, J, Bornschein, B, Bornschein, L, Büsch, S, Burritt, TH, Chilingaryan, S, Corona, TJ, De Viveiros, L, Doe, PJ, Dragoun, O, Drexlin, G, Dyba, S, Ebenhöch, S, Eitel, K, Ellinger, E, Enomoto, S, Erhard, M, Eversheim, D, Fedkevych, M, Felden, A, Fischer, S, Formaggio, JA, Fränkle, F, Furse, D, Ghilea, M, Gil, W, Glück, F, Ureña, A Gonzalez, Görhardt, S, Groh, S, Grohmann, S, Grössle, R, Gumbsheimer, R, Hackenjos, M, Hannen, V, Harms, F, Haußmann, N, Heizmann, F, Helbing, K, Herz, W, Hickford, S, Hilk, D, Hillen, B, Höhn, T, Holzapfel, B, Hötzel, M, Howe, MA, Huber, A, Jansen, A, Kernert, N, Kippenbrock, L, Kleesiek, M, Klein, M, Kopmann, A, Kosmider, A, Kovalík, A, Krasch, B, Kraus, M, Krause, H, Krause, M, Kuckert, L, Kuffner, B, La Cascio, L, Lebeda, O, Leiber, B, Letnev, J, Lobashev, VM, Lokhov, A, Malcherek, E, Mark, M, Martin, EL, Mertens, S, Mirz, S, Monreal, B, Müller, K, Neuberger, M, Neumann, H, Niemes, S, Noe, M, Oblath, NS, Off, A, Ortjohann, H-W, Osipowicz, A, Otten, E, Parno, DS, Plischke, P, and Poon, AWP
Subjects: Gas systems and purification, Neutrino detectors, Spectrometers, Vacuum-based detectors, physics.ins-det, Physical Sciences, Engineering, Nuclear & Particles Physics
Abstract: The KATRIN experiment will probe the neutrino mass by measuring the β-electron energy spectrum near the endpoint of tritium β-decay. An integral energy analysis will be performed by an electro-static spectrometer (“Main Spectrometer”), an ultra-high vacuum vessel with a length of 23.2 m, a volume of 1240 m3, and a complex inner electrode system with about 120 000 individual parts. The strong magnetic field that guides the β-electrons is provided by super-conducting solenoids at both ends of the spectrometer. Its influence on turbo-molecular pumps and vacuum gauges had to be considered. A system consisting of 6 turbo-molecular pumps and 3 km of non-evaporable getter strips has been deployed and was tested during the commissioning of the spectrometer. In this paper the configuration, the commissioning with bake-out at 300◦C, and the performance of this system are presented in detail. The vacuum system has to maintain a pressure in the 10−11 mbar range. It is demonstrated that the performance of the system is already close to these stringent functional requirements for the KATRIN experiment, which will start at the end of 2016.
Published: 2016

33. The Majorana Parts Tracking Database

Author: Collaboration, The Majorana, Abgrall, N, Aguayo, E, III, FT Avignone, Barabash, AS, Bertrand, FE, Brudanin, V, Busch, M, Byram, D, Caldwell, AS, Chan, Y-D, Christofferson, CD, Combs, DC, Cuesta, C, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Efremenko, Yu, Egorov, V, Ejiri, H, Elliott, SR, Esterline, J, Fast, JE, Finnerty, P, Fraenkle, FM, Galindo-Uribarri, A, Giovanetti, GK, Goett, J, Green, MP, Gruszko, J, Guiseppe, VE, Gusev, K, Hallin, AL, Hazama, R, Hegai, A, Henning, R, Hoppe, EW, Howard, S, Howe, MA, Keeter, KJ, Kidd, MF, Kochetov, O, Konovalov, SI, Kouzes, RT, LaFerriere, BD, Leon, J Diaz, Leviner, LE, Loach, JC, MacMullin, J, Martin, RD, Meijer, SJ, Mertens, S, Miller, ML, Mizouni, L, Nomachi, M, Orrell, JL, O'Shaughnessy, C, Overman, NR, Petersburg, R, II, DG Phillips, Poon, AWP, Pushkin, K, Radford, DC, Rager, J, Rielage, K, Robertson, RGH, Romero-Romero, E, Ronquest, MC, Shanks, B, Shima, T, Shirchenko, M, Snavely, KJ, Snyder, N, Soin, A, Suriano, AM, Tedeschi, D, Thompson, J, Timkin, V, Tornow, W, Trimble, JE, Varner, RL, Vasilyev, S, Vetter, K, Vorren, K, White, BR, Wilkerson, JF, Wiseman, C, Xu, W, Yakushev, E, Young, AR, Yu, C-H, Yumatov, V, and Zhitnikov, I
Subjects: physics.ins-det, nucl-ex
Abstract: The Majorana Demonstrator is an ultra-low background physics experimentsearching for the neutrinoless double beta decay of $^{76}$Ge. The MajoranaParts Tracking Database is used to record the history of components used in theconstruction of the Demonstrator. The tracking implementation takes a novelapproach based on the schema-free database technology CouchDB. Transportation,storage, and processes undergone by parts such as machining or cleaning arelinked to part records. Tracking parts provides a great logistics benefit andan important quality assurance reference during construction. In addition, thelocation history of parts provides an estimate of their exposure to cosmicradiation. A web application for data entry and a radiation exposure calculatorhave been developed as tools for achieving the extreme radio-purity requiredfor this rare decay search.
Published: 2015

34. Background Model for the Majorana Demonstrator

Author: Cuesta, C, Abgrall, N, Aguayo, E, III, FT Avignone, Barabash, AS, Bertrand, FE, Boswell, M, Brudanin, V, Busch, M, Byram, D, Caldwell, AS, Chan, Y-D, Christofferson, CD, Combs, DC, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Efremenko, Yu, Egorov, V, Ejiri, H, Elliott, SR, Fast, JE, Finnerty, P, Fraenkle, FM, Galindo-Uribarri, A, Giovanetti, GK, Goett, J, Green, MP, Gruszko, J, Guiseppe, VE, Gusev, K, Hallin, AL, Hazama, R, Hegai, A, Henning, R, Hoppe, EW, Howard, S, Howe, MA, Keeter, KJ, Kidd, MF, Kochetov, O, Konovalov, SI, Kouzes, RT, LaFerriere, BD, Leon, J, Leviner, LE, Loach, JC, MacMullin, J, MacMullin, S, Martin, RD, Meijer, S, Mertens, S, Nomachi, M, Orrell, JL, O'Shaughnessy, C, Overman, NR, II, DG Phillips, Poon, AWP, Pushkin, K, Radford, DC, Rager, J, Rielage, K, Robertson, RGH, Romero-Romero, E, Ronquest, MC, Schubert, AG, Shanks, B, Shima, T, Shirchenko, M, Snavely, KJ, Snyder, N, Suriano, AM, Thompson, J, Timkin, V, Tornow, W, Trimble, JE, Varner, RL, Vasilyev, S, Vetter, K, Vorren, K, White, BR, Wilkerson, JF, Wiseman, C, Xu, W, Yakushev, E, Young, AR, Yu, CH, and Yumatov, V
Subjects: physics.ins-det, nucl-ex
Abstract: The Majorana Collaboration is constructing a system containing 40 kg of HPGedetectors to demonstrate the feasibility and potential of a future tonne-scaleexperiment capable of probing the neutrino mass scale in the inverted-hierarchyregion. To realize this, a major goal of the Majorana Demonstrator is todemonstrate a path forward to achieving a background rate at or below 1cnt/(ROI-t-y) in the 4 keV region of interest around the Q-value at 2039 keV.This goal is pursued through a combination of a significant reduction ofradioactive impurities in construction materials with analytical methods forbackground rejection, for example using powerful pulse shape analysistechniques profiting from the p-type point contact HPGe detectors technology.The effectiveness of these methods is assessed using simulations of thedifferent background components whose purity levels are constrained fromradioassay measurements.
Published: 2014

35. The Majorana Demonstrator neutrinoless double-beta decay experiment

Author: Abgrall, N, Aguayo, E, Avignone, FT, Barabash, AS, Bertrand, FE, Boswell, M, Brudanin, V, Busch, M, Caldwell, AS, Chan, YD, Christofferson, CD, Combs, DC, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Efremenko, Y, Egorov, V, Ejiri, H, Elliott, SR, Esterline, J, Fast, JE, Finnerty, P, Fraenkle, FM, Galindo-Uribarri, A, Giovanetti, GK, Goett, J, Green, MP, Gruszko, J, Guiseppe, VE, Gusev, K, Hallin, AL, Hazama, R, Hegai, A, Henning, R, Hoppe, EW, Howard, S, Howe, MA, Keeter, KJ, Kidd, MF, Knecht, A, Kochetov, O, Konovalov, SI, Kouzes, RT, Laferriere, BD, Leon, J, Leviner, LE, Loach, JC, Luke, PN, Macmullin, S, Martin, RD, Mertens, S, Mizouni, L, Nomachi, M, Orrell, JL, O'Shaughnessy, C, Overman, NR, Phillips, D, Poon, AWP, Pushkin, K, Radford, DC, Rielage, K, Robertson, RGH, Ronquest, MC, Schubert, AG, Shanks, B, Shima, T, Shirchenko, M, Snavely, KJ, Snyder, N, Steele, D, Strain, J, Suriano, AM, Thompson, J, Timkin, V, Tornow, W, Varner, RL, Vasilyev, S, Vetter, K, Vorren, K, White, BR, Wilkerson, JF, Williams, T, Xu, W, Yakushev, E, Young, AR, Yu, CH, and Yumatov, V
Subjects: Mathematical Sciences, Physical Sciences
Abstract: The Majorana Demonstrator will search for the neutrinoless double-beta (β β 0 ) decay of the isotope Ge with a mixed array of enriched and natural germanium detectors. The observation of this rare decay would indicate that the neutrino is its own antiparticle, demonstrate that lepton number is not conserved, and provide information on the absolute mass scale of the neutrino. The Demonstrator is being assembled at the 4850-foot level of the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. The array will be situated in a low-background environment and surrounded by passive and active shielding. Here we describe the science goals of the Demonstrator and the details of its design. © 2014 N. Abgrall et al.
Published: 2014

36. A search for bremsstrahlung solar axions using the Majorana low-background BEGe detector at Kimballton (MALBEK)

Author: Abgrall, N, Aguayo, E, III, FT Avignone, Barabash, AS, Bertrand, FE, Boswell, M, Brudanin, V, Busch, M, Caldwell, AS, Chan, Y-D, Christofferson, CD, Combs, DC, Cooper, RJ, Creswick, RJ, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Efremenko, Yu, Egorov, V, Elliott, SR, Fast, JE, Finnerty, P, Fraenkle, FM, Galindo-Uribarri, A, Giovanetti, GK, Goett, J, Green, MP, Gruszko, J, Guiseppe, VE, Gusev, K, Hegai, A, Henning, R, Hoppe, EW, Howard, S, Howe, MA, Keeter, KJ, Kidd, MF, Knecht, A, Kochetov, O, Konovalov, SI, Kouzes, RT, LaFerriere, BD, Leon, J, Leviner, LE, Loach, JC, MacMullin, J, MacMullin, S, Marino, MG, Martin, RD, Mertens, S, Orrell, JL, O'Shaughnessy, C, Overman, NR, II, DG Phillips, Poon, AWP, Pushkin, K, Radford, DC, Rielage, K, Robertson, RGH, Ronquest, MC, Schubert, AG, Shanks, B, Shirchenko, M, Snavely, KJ, Snyder, N, Steele, D, Suriano, AM, Thompson, J, Timkin, V, Varner, RL, Vasilyev, S, Vetter, K, Vorren, K, White, BR, Wilkerson, JF, Xu, W, Yakushev, E, Young, AR, Yu, CH, and Yumatov, V
Subjects: astro-ph.HE, hep-ph
Abstract: A low-background, high-purity germanium detector has been used to search forevidence of low-energy, bremsstrahlung-generated solar axions. An upper boundof $1.36\times 10^{-11}$ $(95% CL)$ is placed on the direct coupling of DFSZmodel axions to electrons. The prospects for the sensitivity of the MajoranaDemonstrator array of point-contact germanium detectors to solar axions arediscussed in the context of the model-independent annual modulation due to theseasonal variation of the earth-sun distance.
Published: 2014

37. The {\sc Majorana Demonstrator} Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay Experiment

Author: Collaboration, Majorana, Abgrall, N, Aguayo, E, III, FT Avignone, Barabash, AS, Bertrand, FE, Boswell, M, Brudanin, V, Busch, M, Caldwell, AS, Chan, Y-D, Christofferson, CD, Combs, DC, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Efremenko, Yu, Egorov, V, Ejiri, H, Elliott, SR, Esterline, J, Fast, JE, Finnerty, P, Fraenkle, FM, Galindo-Uribarri, A, Giovanetti, GK, Goett, J, Green, MP, Gruszko, J, Guiseppe, VE, Gusey, K, Hallin, AL, Hazama, R, Hegai, A, Henning, R, Hoppe, EW, Howard, S, Howe, MA, Keeter, KJ, Kidd, MF, Knecht, A, Kochetov, O, Konovalov, SI, Kouzes, RT, LaFerriere, BD, Leon, J, Leviner, LE, Loach, JC, MacMullin, S, Martin, RD, Mertens, S, Mizouni, L, Nomachi, M, Orrell, JL, O'Shaughnessy, C, Overman, NR, II, DG Phillips, Poon, AWP, Pushkin, K, Radford, DC, Rielage, K, Robertson, RGH, Ronquest, MC, Schubert, AG, Shanks, B, Shima, T, Shirchenko, M, Snavely, KJ, Snyder, N, Steele, D, Strain, J, Suriano, AM, Thompson, J, Timkin, V, Tornow, W, Varner, RL, Vasilyev, S, Vetter, K, Vorren, K, White, BR, Wilkerson, JF, Xu, W, Yakushev, E, Young, AR, Yu, C-H, and Yumatov, V
Subjects: physics.ins-det, nucl-ex
Abstract: The {\sc Majorana Demonstrator will search for the neutrinoless double-betadecay of the isotope Ge-76 with a mixed array of enriched and natural germaniumdetectors. The observation of this rare decay would indicate the neutrino isits own antiparticle, demonstrate that lepton number is not conserved, andprovide information on the absolute mass scale of the neutrino. The {\scDemonstrator} is being assembled at the 4850-foot level of the SanfordUnderground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. The array will be situatedin a low-background environment and surrounded by passive and active shielding.Here we describe the science goals of the {\sc Demonstrator} and the details ofits design.
Published: 2013

38. Astroparticle physics with a customized low-background broad energy Germanium detector

Author: Aalseth, CE, Amman, M, Avignone, FT, Back, HO, Barabash, AS, Barbeau, PS, Bergevin, M, Bertrand, FE, Boswell, M, Brudanin, V, Bugg, W, Burritt, TH, Busch, M, Capps, G, Chan, Y-D, Collar, JI, Cooper, RJ, Creswick, R, Detwiler, JA, Diaz, J, Doe, PJ, Efremenko, Yu, Egorov, V, Ejiri, H, Elliott, SR, Ely, J, Esterline, J, Farach, H, Fast, JE, Fields, N, Finnerty, P, Fujikawa, B, Fuller, E, Gehman, VM, Giovanetti, GK, Guiseppe, VE, Gusey, K, Hallin, AL, Harper, GC, Hazama, R, Henning, R, Hime, A, Hoppe, EW, Hossbach, TW, Howe, MA, Johnson, RA, Keeter, KJ, Keillor, M, Keller, C, Kephart, JD, Kidd, MF, Knecht, A, Kochetov, O, Konovalov, SI, Kouzes, RT, Leviner, L, Loach, JC, Luke, PN, MacMullin, S, Marino, MG, Martin, RD, Mei, D-M, Miley, HS, Miller, ML, Mizouni, L, Meyers, AW, Nomachi, M, Orrell, JL, Peterson, D, Phillips, DG, Poon, AWP, Prior, G, Qian, J, Radford, DC, Rielage, K, Robertson, RGH, Rodriguez, L, Rykaczewski, KP, Salazar, H, Schubert, AG, Shima, T, Shirchenko, M, Steele, D, Strain, J, Swift, G, Thomas, K, Timkin, V, Tornow, W, Van Wechel, TD, Vanyushin, I, Varner, RL, Vetter, K, Wilkerson, JF, Wolfe, BA, Xiang, W, Yakushev, E, Yaver, H, Young, AR, Yu, C-H, and Yumatov, V
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, Low-background, Germanium detector, Dark matter, Neutrino experiments, Neutrino properties, nucl-ex, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Other Physical Sciences, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Nuclear and plasma physics
Abstract: The Majorana Collaboration is building the Majorana Demonstrator, a 60 kg array of high purity germanium detectors housed in an ultra-low background shield at the Sanford Underground Laboratory in Lead, SD. The Majorana Demonstrator will search for neutrinoless double-beta decay of 76Ge while demonstrating the feasibility of a tonne-scale experiment. It may also carry out a dark matter search in the 110 GeV/c2 mass range. We have found that customized Broad Energy Germanium (BEGe) detectors produced by Canberra have several desirable features for a neutrinoless double-beta decay experiment, including low electronic noise, excellent pulse shape analysis capabilities, and simple fabrication. We have deployed a customized BEGe, the Majorana Low-Background BEGe at Kimballton (MALBEK), in a low-background cryostat and shield at the Kimballton Underground Research Facility in Virginia. This paper will focus on the detector characteristics and measurements that can be performed with such a radiation detector in a low-background environment. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.
Published: 2011

39. Depth Requirements for a Tonne-scale 76Ge Neutrinoless Double-beta Decay Experiment

Author: Collaboration, The MAJORANA, Aguayo, E, III, FT Avignone, Back, HO, Barabash, AS, Bergevin, M, Bertrand, FE, Boswell, M, Brudanin, V, Busch, M, Chan, Y-D, Christofferson, CD, Collar, JI, Combs, DC, Cooper, RJ, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Efremenko, Yu, Egorov, V, Ejiri, H, Elliott, SR, Esterline, J, Fast, JE, Fields, N, Finnerty, P, Fraenkle, FM, Gehman, VM, Giovanetti, GK, Green, MP, Guiseppe, VE, Gusey, K, Hallin, AL, Hazama, R, Henning, R, Hime, A, Hoppe, EW, Horton, M, Howard, S, Howe, MA, Johnson, RA, Keeter, KJ, Keillor, ME, Keller, C, Kephart, JD, Kidd, MF, Knecht, A, Kochetov, O, Konovalov, SI, Kouzes, RT, LaFerriere, BD, LaRoque, BH, Leon, J, Leviner, LE, Loach, JC, MacMullin, S, Marino, MG, Martin, RD, Mei, D-M, Merriman, JH, Miller, ML, Mizouni, L, Nomachi, M, Orrell, JL, Overman, NR, II, DG Phillips, Poon, AWP, Perumpilly, G, Prior, G, Radford, DC, Rielage, K, Robertson, RGH, Ronquest, MC, Schubert, AG, Shima, T, Shirchenko, M, Snavely, KJ, Sobolev, V, Steele, D, Strain, J, Thomas, K, Timkin, V, Tornow, W, Vanyushin, I, Varner, RL, Vetter, K, Vorren, K, Wilkerson, JF, Wolfe, BA, Yakushev, E, Young, AR, Yu, C-H, Yumatov, V, and Zhang, C
Subjects: nucl-ex
Abstract: Neutrinoless double-beta decay experiments can potentially determine theMajorana or Dirac nature of the neutrino, and aid in understanding the neutrinoabsolute mass scale and hierarchy. Future 76Ge-based searches target ahalf-life sensitivity of >10^27 y to explore the inverted neutrino masshierarchy. Reaching this sensitivity will require a background rate of ~5200 mwe is required for atonne-scale experiment with a compact shield similar to the planned 40-kgMAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR. The required overburden is highly dependent on thechosen shielding configuration and could be relaxed significantly if, forexample, a liquid cryogen and water shield, or an active neutron shield wereemployed. Operation of the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR and GERDA detectors will serveto reduce the uncertainties on cosmic-ray background rates and will impact thechoice of shielding style and location for a future tonne-scale experiment. 4/2013: The peer review process revealed that one of the veto rejectionfactors (the factor-of-4 described on p12) needs to be better established. Ourreevaluation of this parameter to date has not yielded strong support for thevalue stated in the manuscript, and we require further study to develop a solidestimate. This further study will supersede the work described in thismanuscript, and may or may not lead to the same conclusion regarding the ~>5200mwe requirement for future tonne-scale 76Ge neutrinoless double beta decayexperiments.
Published: 2011

40. Search for Neutrinoless Double- β Decay in Ge 76 with the Majorana Demonstrator

Author: Aalseth, CE, Abgrall, N, Aguayo, E, Alvis, SI, Amman, M, Arnquist, IJ, Avignone, FT, Back, HO, Barabash, AS, Barbeau, PS, Barton, CJ, Barton, PJ, Bertrand, FE, Bode, T, Bos, B, Boswell, M, Bradley, AW, Brodzinski, RL, Brudanin, V, Busch, M, Buuck, M, Caldwell, AS, Caldwell, TS, Chan, YD, Christofferson, CD, Chu, PH, Collar, JI, Combs, DC, Cooper, RJ, Cuesta, C, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Dunmore, JA, Efremenko, Y, Ejiri, H, Elliott, SR, Fast, JE, Finnerty, P, Fraenkle, FM, Fu, Z, Fujikawa, BK, Fuller, E, Galindo-Uribarri, A, Gehman, VM, Gilliss, T, Giovanetti, GK, Goett, J, Green, MP, Gruszko, J, Guinn, IS, Guiseppe, VE, Hallin, AL, Haufe, CR, Hehn, L, Henning, R, Hoppe, EW, Hossbach, TW, Howe, MA, Jasinski, BR, Johnson, RA, Keeter, KJ, Kephart, JD, Kidd, MF, and Knecht, A
Subjects: nucl-ex, physics.ins-det
Abstract: © 2018 American Physical Society. The Majorana Collaboration is operating an array of high purity Ge detectors to search for neutrinoless double-β decay in Ge76. The Majorana Demonstrator comprises 44.1 kg of Ge detectors (29.7 kg enriched in Ge76) split between two modules contained in a low background shield at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. Here we present results from data taken during construction, commissioning, and the start of full operations. We achieve unprecedented energy resolution of 2.5 keV FWHM at Qββ and a very low background with no observed candidate events in 9.95 kg yr of enriched Ge exposure, resulting in a lower limit on the half-life of 1.9×1025 yr (90% C.L.). This result constrains the effective Majorana neutrino mass to below 240-520 meV, depending on the matrix elements used. In our experimental configuration with the lowest background, the background is 4.0-2.5+3.1 counts/(FWHM t yr).
Published: 2018

41. Search for Zero-Neutrino Double Beta Decay in 76Ge with the Majorana Demonstrator

Author: Aalseth, CE, Abgrall, N, Aguayo, E, Alvis, SI, Amman, M, Arnquist, IJ, III, FTA, Back, HO, Barabash, AS, Barbeau, PS, Barton, CJ, Barton, PJ, Bertrand, FE, Bode, T, Bos, B, Boswell, M, Brodzinski, RL, Bradley, AW, Brudanin, V, Busch, M, Buuck, M, Caldwell, AS, Caldwell, TS, Chan, Y-D, Christofferson, CD, Chu, P-H, Collar, JI, Combs, DC, Cooper, RJ, Cuesta, C, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Dunmore, JA, Efremenko, Y, Ejiri, H, Elliott, SR, Fast, JE, Finnerty, P, Fraenkle, FM, Fu, Z, Fujikawa, BK, Fuller, E, Galindo-Uribarri, A, Gehman, VM, Gilliss, T, Giovanetti, GK, Goett, J, Green, MP, Gruszko, J, Guinn, IS, Guiseppe, VE, Hallin, AL, Haufe, CR, Hehn, L, Henning, R, Hoppe, EW, Hossbach, TW, Howe, MA, Jasinski, BR, Johnson, RA, Keeter, KJ, Kephart, JD, Kidd, MF, Knecht, A, Konovalov, SI, Kouzes, RT, Lesko, KT, LaFerriere, BD, Leon, J, Leviner, LE, Loach, JC, Lopez, AM, Luke, PN, MacMullin, J, MacMullin, S, Marino, MG, Martin, RD, Massarczyk, R, McDonald, AB, Mei, D-M, Meijer, SJ, Merriman, JH, Mertens, S, Miley, HS, Miller, ML, Myslik, J, Orrell, JL, O'Shaughnessy, C, Othman, G, Overman, NR, Pettus, W, II, DGP, Poon, AWP, Perumpilly, G, Pushkin, K, Radford, DC, Rager, J, Reeves, JH, Reine, AL, Rielage, K, Robertson, RGH, Ronquest, MC, Ruof, NW, Schubert, AG, Shanks, B, Shirchenko, M, Snavely, KJ, Snyder, N, Steele, D, Suriano, AM, Tedeschi, D, Tornow, W, Trimble, JE, Varner, RL, Vasilyev, S, Vetter, K, Vorren, K, White, BR, Wilkerson, JF, Wiseman, C, Xu, W, Yakushev, E, Yaver, H, Young, AR, Yu, C-H, Yumatov, V, Zhitnikov, I, Zhu, BX, Zimmermann, S, Aalseth, CE, Abgrall, N, Aguayo, E, Alvis, SI, Amman, M, Arnquist, IJ, III, FTA, Back, HO, Barabash, AS, Barbeau, PS, Barton, CJ, Barton, PJ, Bertrand, FE, Bode, T, Bos, B, Boswell, M, Brodzinski, RL, Bradley, AW, Brudanin, V, Busch, M, Buuck, M, Caldwell, AS, Caldwell, TS, Chan, Y-D, Christofferson, CD, Chu, P-H, Collar, JI, Combs, DC, Cooper, RJ, Cuesta, C, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Dunmore, JA, Efremenko, Y, Ejiri, H, Elliott, SR, Fast, JE, Finnerty, P, Fraenkle, FM, Fu, Z, Fujikawa, BK, Fuller, E, Galindo-Uribarri, A, Gehman, VM, Gilliss, T, Giovanetti, GK, Goett, J, Green, MP, Gruszko, J, Guinn, IS, Guiseppe, VE, Hallin, AL, Haufe, CR, Hehn, L, Henning, R, Hoppe, EW, Hossbach, TW, Howe, MA, Jasinski, BR, Johnson, RA, Keeter, KJ, Kephart, JD, Kidd, MF, Knecht, A, Konovalov, SI, Kouzes, RT, Lesko, KT, LaFerriere, BD, Leon, J, Leviner, LE, Loach, JC, Lopez, AM, Luke, PN, MacMullin, J, MacMullin, S, Marino, MG, Martin, RD, Massarczyk, R, McDonald, AB, Mei, D-M, Meijer, SJ, Merriman, JH, Mertens, S, Miley, HS, Miller, ML, Myslik, J, Orrell, JL, O'Shaughnessy, C, Othman, G, Overman, NR, Pettus, W, II, DGP, Poon, AWP, Perumpilly, G, Pushkin, K, Radford, DC, Rager, J, Reeves, JH, Reine, AL, Rielage, K, Robertson, RGH, Ronquest, MC, Ruof, NW, Schubert, AG, Shanks, B, Shirchenko, M, Snavely, KJ, Snyder, N, Steele, D, Suriano, AM, Tedeschi, D, Tornow, W, Trimble, JE, Varner, RL, Vasilyev, S, Vetter, K, Vorren, K, White, BR, Wilkerson, JF, Wiseman, C, Xu, W, Yakushev, E, Yaver, H, Young, AR, Yu, C-H, Yumatov, V, Zhitnikov, I, Zhu, BX, and Zimmermann, S
Abstract: The \MJ\ Collaboration is operating an array of high purity Ge detectors to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay in $^{76}$Ge. The \MJ\ \DEM\ comprises 44.1~kg of Ge detectors (29.7 kg enriched in $^{76}$Ge) split between two modules contained in a low background shield at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. Here we present results from data taken during construction, commissioning, and the start of full operations. We achieve unprecedented energy resolution of 2.5 keV FWHM at \qval\ and a very low background with no observed candidate events in 10 kg yr of enriched Ge exposure, resulting in a lower limit on the half-life of $1.9\times10^{25}$ yr (90\% CL). This result constrains the effective Majorana neutrino mass to below 240 to 520 meV, depending on the matrix elements used. In our experimental configuration with the lowest background, the background is $4.0_{-2.5}^{+3.1}$ counts/(FWHM t yr).
Published: 2018

42. The {\sc Majorana Demonstrator} Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay Experiment

Author: Collaboration, M, Abgrall, N, Aguayo, E, III, FTA, Barabash, AS, Bertrand, FE, Boswell, M, Brudanin, V, Busch, M, Caldwell, AS, Chan, Y-D, Christofferson, CD, Combs, DC, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Efremenko, Y, Egorov, V, Ejiri, H, Elliott, SR, Esterline, J, Fast, JE, Finnerty, P, Fraenkle, FM, Galindo-Uribarri, A, Giovanetti, GK, Goett, J, Green, MP, Gruszko, J, Guiseppe, VE, Gusey, K, Hallin, AL, Hazama, R, Hegai, A, Henning, R, Hoppe, EW, Howard, S, Howe, MA, Keeter, KJ, Kidd, MF, Knecht, A, Kochetov, O, Konovalov, SI, Kouzes, RT, LaFerriere, BD, Leon, J, Leviner, LE, Loach, JC, MacMullin, S, Martin, RD, Mertens, S, Mizouni, L, Nomachi, M, Orrell, JL, O'Shaughnessy, C, Overman, NR, II, DGP, Poon, AWP, Pushkin, K, Radford, DC, Rielage, K, Robertson, RGH, Ronquest, MC, Schubert, AG, Shanks, B, Shima, T, Shirchenko, M, Snavely, KJ, Snyder, N, Steele, D, Strain, J, Suriano, AM, Thompson, J, Timkin, V, Tornow, W, Varner, RL, Vasilyev, S, Vetter, K, Vorren, K, White, BR, Wilkerson, JF, Xu, W, Yakushev, E, Young, AR, Yu, C-H, and Yumatov, V
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), nucl-ex, physics.ins-det, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The {\sc Majorana Demonstrator will search for the neutrinoless double-beta decay of the isotope Ge-76 with a mixed array of enriched and natural germanium detectors. The observation of this rare decay would indicate the neutrino is its own antiparticle, demonstrate that lepton number is not conserved, and provide information on the absolute mass scale of the neutrino. The {\sc Demonstrator} is being assembled at the 4850-foot level of the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. The array will be situated in a low-background environment and surrounded by passive and active shielding. Here we describe the science goals of the {\sc Demonstrator} and the details of its design., accepted for publication in Advances in High Energy Physics
Published: 2013

43. Determination of the nu(e) and total B-8 solar neutrino fluxes using the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory Phase I data set

Author: Aharmim, B, Ahmad, QR, Ahmed, SN, Allen, RC, Andersen, TC, Anglin, JD, Buehler, G, Barton, JC, Beier, EW, Bercovitch, M, Bergevin, M, Bigu, J, Biller, SD, Black, RA, Blevis, I, Boardman, RJ, Boger, J, Bonvin, E, Boulay, MG, Bowler, MG, Bowles, TJ, Brice, SJ, Browne, MC, Bullard, TV, Burritt, TH, Cameron, J, Chan, YD, Chen, HH, Chen, M, Chen, X, Cleveland, BT, Cowan, JHM, Cowen, DF, Cox, GA, Currat, CA, Dai, X, Dalnoki-Veress, F, Davidson, WF, Deng, H, DiMarco, M, Doe, PJ, Doucas, G, Dragowsky, MR, Duba, CA, Duncan, FA, Dunford, M, Dunmore, JA, Earle, ED, Elliott, SR, Evans, HC, Ewan, GT, Farine, J, Fergani, H, Ferraris, AP, Fleurot, F, Ford, RJ, Formaggio, JA, Fowler, MM, Frame, K, Frank, ED, Frati, W, Gagnon, N, Germani, JV, Gil, S, Goldschmidt, A, Goon, JTM, Graham, K, Grant, DR, Guillian, E, Hahn, RL, Hallin, AL, Hallman, ED, Hamer, AS, Hamian, AA, Handler, WB, Haq, RU, Hargrove, CK, Harvey, PJ, Hazama, R, Heeger, KM, Heintzelman, WJ, Heise, J, Helmer, RL, Henning, R, Hepburn, JD, Heron, H, Hewett, J, Hime, A, Howard, C, Howe, MA, Huang, M, Hykaway, JG, Isaac, MCP, Jagam, P, Jamieson, B, Jelley, NA, Jillings, C, Jonkmans, G, Kazkaz, K, Keener, PT, Kirch, K, Klein, JR, Knox, AB, Komar, RJ, Kormos, LL, Kos, M, Kouzes, R, Krueger, A, Kraus, C, Krauss, CB, Kutter, T, Kyba, CCM, Labranche, H, Lange, R, Law, J, Lawson, IT, Lay, M, Lee, HW, Lesko, KT, Leslie, JR, Levine, I, Loach, JC, Locke, W, Luoma, S, Lyon, J, MacLellan, R, Majerus, S, Mak, HB, Maneira, J, Marino, AD, Martin, R, McCauley, N, McDonald, AB, McDonald, DS, McFarlane, K, McGee, S, McGregor, G, Drees, RM, Mes, H, Mifflin, C, Miknaitis, KKS, Miller, ML, Milton, G, Moffat, BA, Monreal, B, Moorhead, M, Morrissette, B, Nally, CW, Neubauer, MS, Newcomer, FM, Ng, HS, Nickel, BG, Noble, AJ, Norman, EB, Novikov, VM, Oblath, NS, Okada, CE, O'Keeffe, HM, Ollerhead, RW, Omori, M, Orrell, JL, Oser, SM, Ott, R, Peeters, SJM, Poon, AWP, Prior, G, Reitzner, SD, Rielage, K, Roberge, A, Robertson, BC, Robertson, RGH, Rosendahl, SSE, Rowley, JK, Rusu, VL, Saettler, E, Schulke, A, Schwendener, MH, Secrest, JA, Seifert, H, Shatkay, M, Simpson, JJ, Sims, CJ, Sinclair, D, Skensved, P, Smith, AR, Smith, MWE, Starinsky, N, Steiger, TD, Stokstad, RG, Stonehill, LC, Storey, RS, Sur, B, Tafirout, R, Tagg, N, Takeuchi, Y, Tanner, NW, Taplin, RK, Thorman, M, Thornewell, PM, Tolich, N, Trent, PT, Tserkovnyak, YI, Tsui, T, Tunnell, CD, Van Berg, R, De Water, RGV, Virtue, CJ, Walker, TJ, Wall, BL, Waltham, CE, Tseung, HWC, Wang, J-X, Wark, DL, Wendland, J, West, N, Wilhelmy, JB, Wilkerson, JF, Wilson, JR, Wittich, P, Wouters, JM, Wright, A, Yeh, M, Zuber, K, and Collaboration, SNO
Published: 2007

44. Electron energy spectra, fluxes, and day-night asymmetries of B-8 solar neutrinos from measurements with NaCl dissolved in the heavy-water detector at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Author: Aharmim, B, Ahmed, SN, Anthony, AE, Beier, EW, Bellerive, A, Bergevin, M, Biller, SD, Boger, J, Boulay, MG, Bowler, MG, Bullard, TV, Chan, YD, Chen, M, Chen, X, Cleveland, BT, Cox, GA, Currat, CA, Dai, X, Dalnoki-Veress, F, Deng, H, Doe, PJ, Dosanjh, RS, Doucas, G, Duba, CA, Duncan, FA, Dunford, M, Dunmore, JA, Earle, ED, Elliott, SR, Evans, HC, Ewan, GT, Farine, J, Fergani, H, Fleurot, F, Formaggio, JA, Frame, K, Frati, W, Fulsom, BG, Gagnon, N, Graham, K, Grant, DR, Hahn, RL, Hall, JC, Hallin, AL, Hallman, ED, Handler, WB, Hargrove, CK, Harvey, PJ, Hazama, R, Heeger, KM, Heelan, L, Heintzelman, WJ, Heise, J, Helmer, RL, Hemingway, RJ, Hime, A, Howard, C, Howe, MA, Huang, M, Jagam, P, Jelley, NA, Klein, JR, Kormos, LL, Kos, MS, Kruger, A, Kraus, C, Krauss, CB, Krumins, AV, Kutter, T, Kyba, CCM, Labranche, H, Lange, R, Law, J, Lawson, IT, Lesko, KT, Leslie, JR, Levine, I, Loach, JC, Luoma, S, MacLellan, R, Majerus, S, Mak, HB, Maneira, J, Marino, AD, McCauley, N, McDonald, AB, McGee, S, McGregor, G, Mifflin, C, Miknaitis, KKS, Moffat, BA, Nally, CW, Neubauer, MS, Nickel, BG, Noble, AJ, Norman, EB, Oblath, NS, Okada, CE, Ollerhead, RW, Orrell, JL, Oser, SM, Ouellet, C, Peeters, SJM, Poon, AWP, Rielage, K, Robertson, BC, Robertson, RGH, Rollin, E, Rosendahl, SSE, Rusu, VL, Schwendener, MH, Seibert, SR, Simard, O, Simpson, JJ, Sims, CJ, Sinclair, D, Skensved, P, Smith, MWE, Starinsky, N, Stokstad, RG, Stonehill, LC, Tafirout, R, Takeuchi, Y, Tesic, G, Thomson, M, Thorman, M, Tsui, T, Van Berg, R, Van de Water, RG, Virtue, CJ, Wall, BL, Waller, D, Waltham, CE, Tseung, HWC, Wark, DL, Wendland, J, West, N, Wilkerson, JF, Wilson, JR, Wittich, P, Wouters, JM, Wright, A, Yeh, M, Zuber, K, and Collaboration, SNO
Subjects: High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Results are reported from the complete salt phase of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory experiment in which NaCl was dissolved in the H22O ("D2O") target. The addition of salt enhanced the signal from neutron capture as compared to the pure D2O detector. By making a statistical separation of charged-current events from other types based on event-isotropy criteria, the effective electron recoil energy spectrum has been extracted. In units of 106cm-2s-1, the total flux of active-flavor neutrinos from B8 decay in the Sun is found to be 4.94-0.21+0.21(stat)-0.34+0.38(syst) and the integral flux of electron neutrinos for an undistorted B8 spectrum is 1.68-0.06+0.06(stat)-0. 09+0.08(syst); the signal from (νx,e) elastic scattering is equivalent to an electron-neutrino flux of 2.35-0.22+0.22(stat)-0.15+0.15(syst). These results are consistent with those expected for neutrino oscillations with the so-called large mixing angle parameters and also with an undistorted spectrum. A search for matter-enhancement effects in the Earth through a possible day-night asymmetry in the charged-current integral rate is consistent with no asymmetry. Including results from other experiments, the best-fit values for two-neutrino mixing parameters are Δm2=(8.0-0.4+0.6)×10-5 eV2 and θ=33.9-2.2+2.4 degrees. © 2005 The American Physical Society.
Published: 2005

45. Search for periodicities in the B8 solar neutrino flux measured by the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Author: Aharmim, B, Ahmed, SN, Anthony, AE, Beier, EW, Bellerive, A, Bergevin, M, Biller, SD, Boulay, MG, Bowler, MG, Chan, YD, Chen, M, Chen, X, Cleveland, BT, Costin, T, Cox, GA, Currat, CA, Dai, X, Deng, H, Detwiler, J, Doe, PJ, Dosanjh, RS, Doucas, G, Duba, CA, Duncan, FA, Dunford, M, Dunmore, JA, Earle, ED, Elliott, SR, Evans, HC, Ewan, GT, Farine, J, Fergani, H, Fleurot, F, Formaggio, JA, Frati, W, Fulsom, BG, Gagnon, N, Goon, JTM, Graham, K, Hahn, RL, Hallin, AL, Hallman, ED, Handler, WB, Hargrove, CK, Harvey, PJ, Hazama, R, Heeger, KM, Heelan, L, Heintzelman, WJ, Heise, J, Helmer, RL, Hemingway, RJ, Hime, A, Howe, MA, Huang, M, Inrig, E, Jagam, P, Jelley, NA, Klein, JR, Kormos, LL, Kos, MS, Krüger, A, Kraus, C, Krauss, CB, Krumins, AV, Kutter, T, Kyba, CCM, Labranche, H, Lange, R, Law, J, Lawson, IT, Lesko, KT, Leslie, JR, Levine, I, Loach, JC, Luoma, S, MacLellan, R, Majerus, S, Maneira, J, Marino, AD, McCauley, N, McDonald, AB, McGee, S, Mifflin, C, Miknaitis, KKS, Nickel, BG, Noble, AJ, Norman, EB, Oblath, NS, Okada, CE, O'Keeffe, HM, Ollerhead, RW, Gann, GDO, Orrell, JL, Oser, SM, Ouvarova, T, Peeters, SJM, Poon, AWP, Pun, CSJ, Rielage, K, Robertson, BC, Robertson, RGH, Rollin, E, Rosendahl, SSE, Schwendener, MH, Seibert, SR, Simard, O, Simpson, JJ, Sims, CJ, Sinclair, D, Sinclair, L, Skensved, P, Smith, MWE, Stokstad, RG, Stonehill, LC, Tafirout, R, Takeuchi, Y, Tešić, G, Thomson, M, Tsang, KV, Tsui, T, Berg, RV, Virtue, CJ, Wall, BL, Waller, D, Waltham, CE, Tseung, HWC, Wark, DL, Wendland, J, West, N, Wilkerson, JF, Wilson, JR, Wouters, JM, Yeh, M, and Zuber, K
Subjects: Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract: A search has been made for sinusoidal periodic variations in the B8 solar neutrino flux using data collected by the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory over a 4-year time interval. The variation at a period of 1 yr is consistent with modulation of the B8 neutrino flux by the Earth's orbital eccentricity. No significant sinusoidal periodicities are found with periods between 1 d and 10 years with either an unbinned maximum likelihood analysis or a Lomb-Scargle periodogram analysis. The data are inconsistent with the hypothesis that the results of the recent analysis by Sturrock et al., based on elastic scattering events in Super-Kamiokande, can be attributed to a 7% sinusoidal modulation of the total B8 neutrino flux. © 2005 The American Physical Society.
Published: 2005

46. Search for periodicities in the B-8 solar neutrino flux measured by the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Author: Aharmim, B, Ahmed, SN, Anthony, AE, Beier, EW, Bellerive, A, Bergevin, M, Biller, SD, Boulay, MG, Bowler, MG, Chan, YD, Chen, M, Chen, X, Cleveland, BT, Costin, T, Cox, GA, Currat, CA, Dai, X, Deng, H, Detwiler, J, Doe, PJ, Dosanjh, RS, Doucas, G, Duba, CA, Duncan, FA, Dunford, M, Dunmore, JA, Earle, ED, Elliott, SR, Evans, HC, Ewan, GT, Farine, J, Fergani, H, Fleurot, F, Formaggio, JA, Frati, W, Fulsom, BG, Gagnon, N, Goon, JT, Graham, K, Hahn, RL, Hallin, AL, Hallman, ED, Handler, WB, Hargrove, CK, Harvey, PJ, Hazama, R, Heeger, KM, Heelan, L, Heintzelman, WJ, Heise, J, Helmer, RL, Hemingway, RJ, Hime, A, Howe, MA, Huang, M, Inrig, E, Jagam, P, Jelley, NA, Klein, JR, Kormos, LL, Kos, MS, Kruger, A, Kraus, C, Krauss, CB, Krumins, AV, Kutter, T, Kyba, CCM, Labranche, H, Lange, R, Law, J, Lawson, IT, Lesko, KT, Leslie, JR, Levine, I, Loach, JC, Luoma, S, MacLellan, R, Majerus, S, Maneira, J, Marino, AD, McCauley, N, McDonald, AB, McGee, S, Mifflin, C, Miknaitis, KKS, Nickel, BG, Noble, AJ, Norman, EB, Oblath, NS, Okada, CE, O'Keeffe, HM, Ollerhead, RW, Gann, GDO, Orrell, JL, Oser, SM, Ouvarova, T, Peeters, SJM, Poon, AWP, Pun, CSJ, Rielage, K, Robertson, BC, Robertson, RGH, Rollin, E, Rosendahl, SSE, Schwendener, MH, Seibert, SR, Simard, O, Simpson, JJ, Sims, CJ, Sinclair, D, Sinclair, L, Skensved, P, Smith, MWE, Stokstad, RG, Stonehill, LC, Tafirout, R, Takeuchi, Y, Tesic, G, Thomson, M, Tsang, KV, Tsui, T, Van Berg, R, Virtue, CJ, Wall, BL, Waller, D, Waltham, CE, Tseung, HWC, Wark, DL, Wendland, J, West, N, Wilkerson, JF, Wilson, JR, Wouters, JM, Yeh, M, Zuber, K, and Collaboration, SNO
Published: 2005

47. Measurement of the rate of nu(e) + d --p + p + e(-) interactions produced by (8)B solar neutrinos at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Author: Ahmad, QR, Allen, RC, Andersen, TC, Anglin, JD, Bühler, G, Barton, JC, Beier, EW, Bercovitch, M, Bigu, J, Biller, S, Black, RA, Blevis, I, Boardman, RJ, Boger, J, Bonvin, E, Boulay, MG, Bowler, MG, Bowles, TJ, Brice, SJ, Browne, MC, Bullard, TV, Burritt, TH, Cameron, K, Cameron, J, Chan, YD, Chen, M, Chen, HH, Chen, X, Chon, MC, Cleveland, BT, Clifford, ET, Cowan, JH, Cowen, DF, Cox, GA, Dai, Y, Dai, X, Dalnoki-Veress, F, Davidson, WF, Doe, PJ, Doucas, G, Dragowsky, MR, Duba, CA, Duncan, FA, Dunmore, J, Earle, ED, Elliott, SR, Evans, HC, Ewan, GT, Farine, J, Fergani, H, Ferraris, AP, Ford, RJ, Fowler, MM, Frame, K, Frank, ED, Frati, W, Germani, JV, Gil, S, Goldschmidt, A, Grant, DR, Hahn, RL, Hallin, AL, Hallman, ED, Hamer, A, Hamian, AA, Haq, RU, Hargrove, CK, Harvey, PJ, Hazama, R, Heaton, R, Heeger, KM, Heintzelman, WJ, Heise, J, Helmer, RL, Hepburn, JD, Heron, H, Hewett, J, Hime, A, Howe, M, Hykawy, JG, Isaac, MC, Jagam, P, Jelley, NA, Jillings, C, Jonkmans, G, Karn, J, Keener, PT, Kirch, K, Klein, JR, Knox, AB, Komar, RJ, Kouzes, R, Kutter, T, Kyba, CC, Law, J, Lawson, IT, Lay, M, Lee, HW, Lesko, KT, Leslie, JR, Levine, I, Locke, W, Lowry, MM, Luoma, S, Lyon, J, Majerus, S, Mak, HB, Marino, AD, McCauley, N, McDonald, AB, McDonald, DS, McFarlane, K, McGregor, G, McLatchie, W, Meijer Drees, R, Mes, H, Mifflin, C, Miller, GG, Milton, G, Moffat, BA, Moorhead, M, Nally, CW, Neubauer, MS, Newcomer, FM, Ng, HS, Noble, AJ, Norman, EB, Novikov, VM, O'Neill, M, Okada, CE, Ollerhead, RW, Omori, M, Orrell, JL, Oser, SM, Poon, AW, Radcliffe, TJ, Roberge, A, Robertson, BC, Robertson, RG, Rowley, JK, Rusu, VL, Saettler, E, Schaffer, KK, Schuelke, A, Schwendener, MH, Seifert, H, Shatkay, M, Simpson, JJ, Sinclair, D, Skensved, P, Smith, AR, Smith, MW, Starinsky, N, Steiger, TD, Stokstad, RG, Storey, RS, Sur, B, Tafirout, R, Tagg, N, Tanner, NW, Taplin, RK, Thorman, M, Thornewell, P, Trent, PT, Tserkovnyak, YI, Van Berg, R, Van de Water, RG, Virtue, CJ, Waltham, CE, Wang, JX, Wark, DL, West, N, Wilhelmy, JB, Wilkerson, JF, Wilson, J, Wittich, P, Wouters, JM, and Yeh, M
Subjects: High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: Solar neutrinos from (8)B decay have been detected at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory via the charged current (CC) reaction on deuterium and the elastic scattering (ES) of electrons. The flux of nu(e)'s is measured by the CC reaction rate to be straight phi(CC)(nu(e)) = 1.75 +/- 0.07(stat)(+0.12)(-0.11)(syst) +/- 0.05(theor) x 10(6) cm(-2) s(-1). Comparison of straight phi(CC)(nu(e)) to the Super-Kamiokande Collaboration's precision value of the flux inferred from the ES reaction yields a 3.3 sigma difference, assuming the systematic uncertainties are normally distributed, providing evidence of an active non- nu(e) component in the solar flux. The total flux of active 8B neutrinos is determined to be 5.44+/-0.99 x 10(6) cm(-2) s(-1).
Published: 2001

48. The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Author: Boger, J, Hahn, RL, Rowley, JK, Carter, AL, Hollebone, B, Kessler, D, Blevis, I, Dalnoki-Veress, F, DeKok, A, Farine, J, Grant, DR, Hargrove, CK, Laberge, G, Levine, I, McFarlane, K, Mes, H, Noble, AT, Novikov, VM, O'Neill, M, Shatkay, M, Shewchuk, C, Sinclair, D, Clifford, ETH, Deal, R, Earle, ED, Gaudette, E, Milton, G, Sur, B, Bigu, J, Cowan, JHM, Cluff, DL, Hallman, ED, Haq, RU, Hewett, J, Hykawy, JG, Jonkmans, G, Michaud, R, Roberge, A, Roberts, J, Saettler, E, Schwendener, MH, Seifert, H, Sweezey, D, Tafirout, R, Virtue, CJ, Beck, DN, Chan, YD, Chen, X, Dragowsky, MR, Dycus, FW, Gonzalez, J, Isaac, MCP, Kajiyama, Y, Koehler, GW, Lesko, KT, Moebus, MC, Norman, EB, Okada, CE, Poon, AWP, Purgalis, P, Schuelke, A, Smith, AR, Stokstad, RG, Turner, S, Zlimen, I, Anaya, JM, Bowles, TJ, Brice, SJ, Esch, EI, Fowler, MM, Goldschmidt, A, Hime, A, McGirt, AF, Miller, GG, Teasdale, WA, Wilhelmy, JB, Wouters, JM, Anglin, JD, Bercovitch, M, Davidson, WF, Storey, RS, Biller, S, Black, RA, Boardman, RJ, Bowler, MG, Cameron, J, Cleveland, B, Ferraris, AP, Doucas, G, Heron, H, Howard, C, Jelley, NA, Knox, AB, Lay, M, Locke, W, Lyon, J, Majerus, S, Moorhead, M, Omori, M, Tanner, NW, Taplin, RK, Thorman, M, Wark, DL, West, N, Barton, JC, Trent, PT, Kouzes, R, Lowry, MM, Bell, AL, Bonvin, E, Boulay, M, Dayon, M, Duncan, F, Erhardt, LS, Evans, HC, Ewan, GT, Ford, R, Hallin, A, Hamer, A, Hart, PM, Harvey, PJ, Haslip, D, Hearns, CAW, Heaton, R, Hepburn, JD, Jillings, CJ, Korpach, EP, Lee, HW, Leslie, JR, Liu, MQ, Mak, HB, McDonald, AB, MacArthur, JD, McLatchie, W, Moffat, BA, Noel, S, Radcliffe, TJ, Robertson, BC, Skensved, P, Stevenson, RL, Zhu, X, Gil, S, Heise, J, Helmer, RL, Komar, RJ, Nally, CW, Ng, HS, Waltham, CE, Allen, RC, Buhler, G, Chen, HH, Aardsma, G, Andersen, T, Cameron, K, Chon, MC, Hanson, RH, Jagam, P, Karn, J, Law, J, Ollerhead, RW, Simpson, JJ, Tagg, N, Wang, JX, Alexander, C, Beier, EW, Cook, JC, Cowen, DF, Frank, ED, Frati, W, Keener, PT, Klein, JR, Mayers, G, McDonald, DS, Neubauer, MS, Newcomer, FM, Pearce, RJ, Van de Water, RG, Van Berg, R, Wittich, P, Ahmad, QR, Beck, JM, Browne, MC, Burritt, TH, Doe, PJ, Duba, CA, Elliott, SR, Franklin, JE, Germani, JV, Green, P, Hamian, AA, Heeger, KM, Howe, M, Drees, RM, Myers, A, Robertson, RGH, Smith, MWE, Steiger, TD, Van Wechel, T, Wilkerson, JF, and Collaboration, SNO
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Solar neutrino, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, Instrumentation, Physics, Standard solar model, Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics (astro-ph), High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Neutrino detector, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Electron neutrino, Lepton
Abstract: The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory is a second generation water Cherenkov detector designed to determine whether the currently observed solar neutrino deficit is a result of neutrino oscillations. The detector is unique in its use of D2O as a detection medium, permitting it to make a solar model-independent test of the neutrino oscillation hypothesis by comparison of the charged- and neutral-current interaction rates. In this paper the physical properties, construction, and preliminary operation of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory are described. Data and predicted operating parameters are provided whenever possible., 58 pages, 12 figures, submitted to Nucl. Inst. Meth. Uses elsart and epsf style files. For additional information about SNO see http://www.sno.phy.queensu.ca . This version has some new references
Published: 2000

49. Tritium Beta Spectrum Measurement and Neutrino Mass Limit from Cyclotron Radiation Emission Spectroscopy.

Author: Ashtari Esfahani A, Böser S, Buzinsky N, Carmona-Benitez MC, Claessens C, de Viveiros L, Doe PJ, Fertl M, Formaggio JA, Gaison JK, Gladstone L, Grando M, Guigue M, Hartse J, Heeger KM, Huyan X, Johnston J, Jones AM, Kazkaz K, LaRoque BH, Li M, Lindman A, Machado E, Marsteller A, Matthé C, Mohiuddin R, Monreal B, Mueller R, Nikkel JA, Novitski E, Oblath NS, Peña JI, Pettus W, Reimann R, Robertson RGH, Rosa De Jesús D, Rybka G, Saldaña L, Schram M, Slocum PL, Stachurska J, Sun YH, Surukuchi PT, Tedeschi JR, Telles AB, Thomas F, Thomas M, Thorne LA, Thümmler T, Tvrznikova L, Van De Pontseele W, VanDevender BA, Weintroub J, Weiss TE, Wendler T, Young A, Zayas E, and Ziegler A
Abstract: The absolute scale of the neutrino mass plays a critical role in physics at every scale, from the subatomic to the cosmological. Measurements of the tritium end-point spectrum have provided the most precise direct limit on the neutrino mass scale. In this Letter, we present advances by Project 8 to the cyclotron radiation emission spectroscopy (CRES) technique culminating in the first frequency-based neutrino mass limit. With only a cm^{3}-scale physical detection volume, a limit of m_{β}<155 eV/c^{2} (152 eV/c^{2}) is extracted from the background-free measurement of the continuous tritium beta spectrum in a Bayesian (frequentist) analysis. Using ^{83m}Kr calibration data, a resolution of 1.66±0.19 eV (FWHM) is measured, the detector response model is validated, and the efficiency is characterized over the multi-keV tritium analysis window. These measurements establish the potential of CRES for a high-sensitivity next-generation direct neutrino mass experiment featuring low background and high resolution.
Published: 2023
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50. Quantitative Long-Term Monitoring of the Circulating Gases in the KATRIN Experiment Using Raman Spectroscopy.

Author: Aker M, Altenmüller K, Beglarian A, Behrens J, Berlev A, Besserer U, Bieringer B, Blaum K, Block F, Bornschein B, Bornschein L, Böttcher M, Brunst T, Caldwell TC, Chilingaryan S, Choi W, Díaz Barrero DD, Debowski K, Deffert M, Descher M, Doe PJ, Dragoun O, Drexlin G, Dyba S, Edzards F, Eitel K, Ellinger E, Engel R, Enomoto S, Fedkevych M, Felden A, Formaggio JF, Fränkle F, Franklin GB, Friedel F, Fulst A, Gauda K, Gil W, Glück F, Größle R, Gumbsheimer R, Hannen V, Haußmann N, Helbing K, Hickford S, Hiller R, Hillesheimer D, Hinz D, Höhn T, Houdy T, Huber A, Jansen A, Karl C, Kellerer J, Kippenbrock L, Klein M, Köhler C, Köllenberger L, Kopmann A, Korzeczek M, Kovalík A, Krasch B, Krause H, La Cascio L, Lasserre T, Le TL, Lebeda O, Lehnert B, Lokhov A, Machatschek M, Malcherek E, Marsteller A, Martin EL, Meier M, Melzer C, Mertens S, Müller K, Niemes S, Oelpmann P, Osipowicz A, Parno DS, Poon AWP, Lopez Poyato JM, Priester F, Rest O, Röllig M, Röttele C, Robertson RGH, Rodenbeck C, Ryšavỳ M, Sack R, Saenz A, Schäfer P, Schaller Née Pollithy A, Schimpf L, Schlösser K, Schlösser M, Schlüter L, Schrank M, Schulz B, Sefčík M, Seitz-Moskaliuk H, Sibille V, Siegmann D, Slezák M, Spanier F, Steidl M, Sturm M, Sun M, Telle HH, Thorne LA, Thümmler T, Titov N, Tkachev I, Vénos D, Valerius K, Vizcaya Hernández AP, Weber M, Weinheimer C, Weiss C, Welte S, Wendel J, Wilkerson JF, Wolf J, Wüstling S, Xu W, Yen YR, Zadoroghny S, and Zeller G
Abstract: The Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment aims at measuring the effective electron neutrino mass with a sensitivity of 0.2 eV/c 2 , i.e., improving on previous measurements by an order of magnitude. Neutrino mass data taking with KATRIN commenced in early 2019, and after only a few weeks of data recording, analysis of these data showed the success of KATRIN, improving on the known neutrino mass limit by a factor of about two. This success very much could be ascribed to the fact that most of the system components met, or even surpassed, the required specifications during long-term operation. Here, we report on the performance of the laser Raman (LARA) monitoring system which provides continuous high-precision information on the gas composition injected into the experiment's windowless gaseous tritium source (WGTS), specifically on its isotopic purity of tritium-one of the key parameters required in the derivation of the electron neutrino mass. The concentrations c x for all six hydrogen isotopologues were monitored simultaneously, with a measurement precision for individual components of the order 10 -3 or better throughout the complete KATRIN data taking campaigns to date. From these, the tritium purity, ε T , is derived with precision of <10 - 3 and trueness of <3 × 10 -3 , being within and surpassing the actual requirements for KATRIN, respectively., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Published: 2020
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