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1. Preliminary experience with (68)Ga-DOTA-lanreotide positron emission tomography

Author

Tatjana Traub-Weidinger, Von Guggenberg E, Dobrozemsky G, Kendler D, Eisterer W, Bale R, Putzer D, Gabriel M, and Virgolini I

Subjects
Adult, Male, Lung Neoplasms, Gallium Radioisotopes, Middle Aged, Peptides, Cyclic, Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring, Positron-Emission Tomography, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Humans, Female, Amino Acid Sequence, Receptors, Somatostatin, Thyroid Neoplasms, Somatostatin, Aged
Abstract

Positron emission tomography (PET) of (68)Ga-radiolabelled (SST) somatostatin receptor (R) binding peptides has recently been evaluated in SSTR positive tumor patients. First promising results in lung and thyroid tumor patients with (111)In-DOTA-Lanreotide (DOTA-LAN) scintigraphy have been described. We report our first experience with (68)Ga-labeled DOTA-LAN.Eleven patients (3 non small cell lung cancer [NSCLC], 3 small cell lung cancer [SCLC], 3 radioiodine negative thyroid cancer, 2 medullary thyroid cancer [MTC]) were investigated. After intravenous injection of 75-150 MBq (68)Ga-DOTA-LAN dynamic studies were acquired over the tumor site for the first 40 min with a dedicated PET scanner in 3 patients, and 2 partial body scans were acquired at 20 and 50 min p.i. in 2 patients. Whole body acquisitions at 90 min after injection were acquired in all 11 patients. Image reconstruction was performed by iterative reconstruction utilizing additional transmission scans for attenuation correction. Vital parameters were recorded during the PET study and up to 24 h p.i. Blood and urinary sampling was done up to 4 hr after tracer injection in 8 patients. PET results were compared to conventional imaging techniques (CIT), i.e. computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In 5 patients, (68)Ga-DOTA-LAN was compared with 2-[(18)F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ((18)F-FDG).After intravenous (i.v.) injection of (68)Ga-DOTA-LAN the radioactivity in the blood rapidly decreased to less then 20% of the injected dose (ID) within the first 20 min and further decreased to less than 9% ID after 4 h. A cumulative urinary excretion of (68)Ga-DOTA-LAN up to 29.2 + or - 13.2% ID at 4 h was found. No acute side effects were observed. Tumor sites were visualized already during the first min after injection. Comparison of positron emission tomography (PET) and CIT showed concordant results in 3/8 patients and partial concordant results in 5/8 patients with matched results for the primary/recurrent tumor, mediastinal lymph nodes, or adrenal gland metastases. Partial concordant results were seen for the lung, bone, liver and cervical lymph node metastases. Micronodular metastases of the lung and the cerebrum were not visualized by (68)Ga-DOTA-LAN PET. The maximal standardized uptake values of the lung and bone tumor lesions ranged from 6 to 8 g/ml at 90 min p.i..(68)Ga-DOTA-LAN visualized the majority of tumor lesions. Further studies are required to assess the clinical value, and to obtain the best imaging protocol of this new PET SSTR tracer.

Published
2010

3. Abstracts

Author

Dunet, V., primary, Dabiri, A., additional, Allenbach, G., additional, Goyeneche Achigar, A., additional, Waeber, B., additional, Feihl, F., additional, Heinzer, R., additional, Prior, J. O., additional, Van Velzen, J. E., additional, Schuijf, J. D., additional, De Graaf, F. R., additional, De Graaf, M. A., additional, Schalij, M. J., additional, Kroft, L. J., additional, De Roos, A., additional, Jukema, J. W., additional, Van Der Wall, E. E., additional, Bax, J. J., additional, Lankinen, E., additional, Saraste, A., additional, Noponen, T., additional, Klen, R., additional, Teras, M., additional, Kokki, T., additional, Kajander, S., additional, Pietila, M., additional, Ukkonen, H., additional, Knuuti, J., additional, Pazhenkottil, A. P., additional, Nkoulou, R. N., additional, Ghadri, J. R., additional, Herzog, B. A., additional, Buechel, R. R., additional, Kuest, S. M., additional, Wolfrum, M., additional, Gaemperli, O., additional, Husmann, L., additional, Kaufmann, P. A., additional, Andreini, D., additional, Pontone, G., additional, Mushtaq, S., additional, Antonioli, L., additional, Bertella, E., additional, Formenti, A., additional, Cortinovis, S., additional, Ballerini, G., additional, Fiorentini, C., additional, Pepi, M., additional, Koh, A. S., additional, Flores, J. S., additional, Keng, F. Y. J., additional, Tan, R. S., additional, Chua, T. S. J., additional, Annoni, A. D., additional, Tamborini, G., additional, Fusari, M., additional, Bartorelli, A. L., additional, Ewe, S. H., additional, Ng, A. C. T., additional, Delgado, V., additional, Schuijf, J., additional, Van Der Kley, F., additional, Colli, A., additional, De Weger, A., additional, Marsan, N. A., additional, Yiu, K. H., additional, Ng, A. C., additional, Timmer, S. A. J., additional, Knaapen, P., additional, Germans, T., additional, Dijkmans, P. A., additional, Lubberink, M., additional, Ten Berg, J. M., additional, Ten Cate, F. J., additional, Russel, I. K., additional, Lammertsma, A. A., additional, Van Rossum, A. C., additional, Wong, Y. Y., additional, Ruiter, G., additional, Raijmakers, P., additional, Van Der Laarse, W. J., additional, Westerhof, N., additional, Vonk-Noordegraaf, A., additional, Youssef, G., additional, Leung, E., additional, Wisenberg, G., additional, Marriot, C., additional, Williams, K., additional, Etele, J., additional, Dekemp, R. A., additional, Dasilva, J., additional, Birnie, D., additional, Beanlands, R. S. B., additional, Thompson, R. C., additional, Allam, A. H., additional, Wann, L. S., additional, Nureldin, A. H., additional, Adelmaksoub, G., additional, Badr, I., additional, Sutherland, M. L., additional, Sutherland, J. D., additional, Miyamoto, M. I., additional, Thomas, G. S., additional, Harms, H. J., additional, De Haan, S., additional, Huisman, M. C., additional, Schuit, R. C., additional, Windhorst, A. D., additional, Allaart, C., additional, Einstein, A. J., additional, Khawaja, T., additional, Greer, C., additional, Chokshi, A., additional, Jones, M., additional, Schaefle, K., additional, Bhatia, K., additional, Shimbo, D., additional, Schulze, P. C., additional, Srivastava, A., additional, Chettiar, R., additional, Moody, J., additional, Weyman, C., additional, Natale, D., additional, Bruni, W., additional, Liu, Y., additional, Ficaro, E., additional, Sinusas, A. J., additional, Peix, A., additional, Batista, E., additional, Cabrera, L. O., additional, Padron, K., additional, Rodriguez, L., additional, Sainz, B., additional, Mendoza, V., additional, Carrillo, R., additional, Fernandez, Y., additional, Mena, E., additional, Naum, A., additional, Bach-Gansmo, T., additional, Kleven-Madsen, N., additional, Biermann, M., additional, Johnsen, B., additional, Aase Husby, J., additional, Rotevatn, S., additional, Nordrehaug, J. E., additional, Schaap, J., additional, Kauling, R. M., additional, Post, M. C., additional, Rensing, B. J. W. M., additional, Verzijlbergen, J. F., additional, Sanchez, J., additional, Giamouzis, G., additional, Tziolas, N., additional, Georgoulias, P., additional, Karayannis, G., additional, Chamaidi, A., additional, Zavos, N., additional, Koutrakis, K., additional, Sitafidis, G., additional, Skoularigis, J., additional, Triposkiadis, F., additional, Radovanovic, S., additional, Djokovic, A., additional, Simic, D. V., additional, Krotin, M., additional, Savic-Radojevic, A., additional, Pljesa-Ercegovac, M., additional, Zdravkovic, M., additional, Saponjski, J., additional, Jelic, S., additional, Simic, T., additional, Eckardt, R., additional, Kjeldsen, B. J., additional, Andersen, L. I., additional, Haghfelt, T., additional, Grupe, P., additional, Johansen, A., additional, Hesse, B., additional, Pena, H., additional, Cantinho, G., additional, Wilk, M., additional, Srour, Y., additional, Godinho, F., additional, Zafrir, N., additional, Gutstein, A., additional, Mats, I., additional, Battler, A., additional, Solodky, A., additional, Sari, E., additional, Singh, N., additional, Vara, A., additional, Peters, A. M., additional, De Belder, A., additional, Nair, S., additional, Ryan, N., additional, James, R., additional, Dizdarevic, S., additional, Depuey, G., additional, Friedman, M., additional, Wray, R., additional, Old, R., additional, Babla, H., additional, Chuanyong, B., additional, Maddahi, J., additional, Tragardh Johansson, E., additional, Sjostrand, K., additional, Edenbrandt, L., additional, Aguade-Bruix, S., additional, Cuberas-Borros, G., additional, Pizzi, M. N., additional, Sabate-Fernandez, M., additional, De Leon, G., additional, Garcia-Dorado, D., additional, Castell-Conesa, J., additional, Candell-Riera, J., additional, Casset-Senon, D., additional, Edjlali-Goujon, M., additional, Alison, D., additional, Delhommais, A., additional, Cosnay, P., additional, Low, C. S., additional, Notghi, A., additional, O'brien, J., additional, Tweddel, A. C., additional, Bingham, N., additional, O Neil, P., additional, Harbinson, M., additional, Lindner, O., additional, Burchert, W., additional, Schaefers, M., additional, Marcassa, C., additional, Campini, R., additional, Calza, P., additional, Zoccarato, O., additional, Kisko, A., additional, Kmec, J., additional, Babcak, M., additional, Vereb, M., additional, Vytykacova, M., additional, Cencarik, J., additional, Gazdic, P., additional, Stasko, J., additional, Abreu, A., additional, Pereira, E., additional, Oliveira, L., additional, Colarinha, P., additional, Veloso, V., additional, Enriksson, I., additional, Proenca, G., additional, Delgado, P., additional, Rosario, L., additional, Sequeira, J., additional, Kosa, I., additional, Vassanyi, I., additional, Egyed, C. S., additional, Kozmann, G. Y., additional, Morita, S., additional, Nanasato, M., additional, Nanbu, I., additional, Yoshida, Y., additional, Hirayama, H., additional, Allam, A., additional, Sharef, A., additional, Shawky, I., additional, Farid, M., additional, Mouden, M., additional, Ottervanger, J. P., additional, Timmer, J. R., additional, De Boer, M. J., additional, Reiffers, S., additional, Jager, P. L., additional, Knollema, S., additional, Nasr, G. M., additional, Mohy Eldin, M., additional, Ragheb, M., additional, Casans-Tormo, I., additional, Diaz-Exposito, R., additional, Hurtado-Mauricio, F. J., additional, Ruano, R., additional, Diego, M., additional, Gomez-Caminero, F., additional, Albarran, C., additional, Martin De Arriba, A., additional, Rosero, A., additional, Lopez, R., additional, Martin Luengo, C., additional, Garcia-Talavera, J. R., additional, Laitinen, I. E. K., additional, Rudelius, M., additional, Weidl, E., additional, Henriksen, G., additional, Wester, H. J., additional, Schwaiger, M., additional, Pan, X. B., additional, Schindler, T., additional, Quercioli, A., additional, Zaidi, H., additional, Ratib, O., additional, Declerck, J. M., additional, Alexanderson Rosas, E., additional, Jacome, R., additional, Jimenez-Santos, M., additional, Romero, E., additional, Pena-Cabral, M. A., additional, Meave, A., additional, Gonzalez, J., additional, Rouzet, F., additional, Bachelet, L., additional, Alsac, J. M., additional, Suzuki, M., additional, Louedec, L., additional, Petiet, A., additional, Chaubet, F., additional, Letourneur, D., additional, Michel, J. B., additional, Le Guludec, D., additional, Aktas, A., additional, Cinar, A., additional, Yaman, G., additional, Bahceci, T., additional, Kavak, K., additional, Gencoglu, A., additional, Jimenez-Heffernan, A., additional, Sanchez De Mora, E., additional, Lopez-Martin, J., additional, Lopez-Aguilar, R., additional, Ramos, C., additional, Salgado, C., additional, Ortega, A., additional, Sanchez-Gonzalez, C., additional, Roa, J., additional, Tobaruela, A., additional, Nesterov, S. V., additional, Turta, O., additional, Maki, M., additional, Han, C., additional, Daou, D., additional, Tawileh, M., additional, Chamouine, S. O., additional, Coaguila, C., additional, Mariscal-Labrador, E., additional, Kisiel-Gonzalez, N., additional, De Araujo Goncalves, P., additional, Sousa, P. J., additional, Marques, H., additional, O'neill, J., additional, Pisco, J., additional, Cale, R., additional, Brito, J., additional, Gaspar, A., additional, Machado, F. P., additional, Roquette, J., additional, Martinez, M., additional, Melendez, G., additional, Kimura, E., additional, Ochoa, J. M., additional, Alessio, A. M., additional, Patel, A., additional, Lautamaki, R., additional, Bengel, F. M., additional, Bassingthwaighte, J. B., additional, Caldwell, J. H., additional, Rahbar, K., additional, Seifarth, H., additional, Schafers, M., additional, Stegger, L., additional, Spieker, T., additional, Hoffmeier, A., additional, Maintz, D., additional, Scheld, H., additional, Schober, O., additional, Weckesser, M., additional, Aoki, H., additional, Matsunari, I., additional, Kajinami, K., additional, Martin Fernandez, M., additional, Barreiro Perez, M., additional, Fernandez Cimadevilla, O. V., additional, Leon Duran, D., additional, Velasco Alonso, E., additional, Florez Munoz, J. P., additional, Luyando, L. H., additional, Templin, C., additional, Veltman, C. E., additional, Reiber, J. H. C., additional, Venuraju, S., additional, Yerramasu, A., additional, Atwal, S., additional, Lahiri, A., additional, Kunimasa, T., additional, Shiba, M., additional, Ishii, K., additional, Aikawa, J., additional, Kroner, E. S. J., additional, Ho, K. T., additional, Yong, Q. W., additional, Chua, K. C., additional, Panknin, C., additional, Roos, C. J., additional, Van Werkhoven, J. M., additional, Witkowska-Grzeslo, A. J., additional, Boogers, M. J., additional, Anand, D. V., additional, Dey, D., additional, Berman, D., additional, Mut, F., additional, Giubbini, R., additional, Lusa, L., additional, Massardo, T., additional, Iskandrian, A., additional, Dondi, M., additional, Sato, A., additional, Kakefuda, Y., additional, Ojima, E., additional, Adachi, T., additional, Atsumi, A., additional, Ishizu, T., additional, Seo, Y., additional, Hiroe, M., additional, Aonuma, K., additional, Kruk, M., additional, Pracon, R., additional, Kepka, C., additional, Pregowski, J., additional, Kowalewska, A., additional, Pilka, M., additional, Opolski, M., additional, Michalowska, I., additional, Dzielinska, Z., additional, Demkow, M., additional, Stoll, V., additional, Sabharwal, N., additional, Chakera, A., additional, Ormerod, O., additional, Fernandes, H., additional, Bernardes, M., additional, Martins, E., additional, Oliveira, P., additional, Vieira, T., additional, Terroso, G., additional, Oliveira, A., additional, Faria, T., additional, Ventura, F., additional, Pereira, J., additional, Fukuzawa, S., additional, Inagaki, M., additional, Sugioka, J., additional, Ikeda, A., additional, Okino, S., additional, Maekawa, J., additional, Uchiyama, T., additional, Kamioka, N., additional, Ichikawa, S., additional, Afshar, M., additional, Alvi, R., additional, Aguilar, N., additional, Ippili, R., additional, Shaqra, H., additional, Bella, J., additional, Bhalodkar, N., additional, Dos Santos, A., additional, Daicz, M., additional, Cendoya, L. O., additional, Marrero, H. G., additional, Casuscelli, J., additional, Embon, M., additional, Vera Janavel, G., additional, Duronto, E., additional, Gurfinkel, E. P., additional, Cortes, C. M., additional, Takeishi, Y., additional, Nakajima, K., additional, Yamasaki, Y., additional, Nishimura, T., additional, Hayes Brown, K., additional, Collado, F., additional, Alhaji, M., additional, Green, J., additional, Alexander, S., additional, Vashistha, R., additional, Jain, S., additional, Aldaas, F., additional, Shanes, J., additional, Doukky, R., additional, Ashikaga, K., additional, Akashi, Y. J., additional, Uemarsu, M., additional, Kamijima, R., additional, Yoneyama, K., additional, Omiya, K., additional, Miyake, Y., additional, Brodov, Y., additional, Raval, U., additional, Berezin, A., additional, Seden, V., additional, Koretskaya, E., additional, Panasenko, T. A., additional, Matsuo, S., additional, Kinuya, S., additional, Chen, J., additional, Van Bommel, R. J., additional, Van Der Hiel, B., additional, Dibbets-Schneider, P., additional, Garcia, E. V., additional, Rutten-Vermeltfoort, I., additional, Gevers, M. M. J., additional, Verhoeven, B., additional, Dijk Van, A. B., additional, Raaijmakers, E., additional, Raijmakers, P. G. H. M., additional, Engvall, J. E., additional, Gjerde, M., additional, De Geer, J., additional, Olsson, E., additional, Quick, P., additional, Persson, A., additional, Mazzanti, M., additional, Marini, M., additional, Pimpini, L., additional, Perna, G. P., additional, Marciano, C., additional, Gargiulo, P., additional, Galderisi, M., additional, D'amore, C., additional, Savarese, G., additional, Casaretti, L., additional, Paolillo, S., additional, Cuocolo, A., additional, Perrone Filardi, P., additional, Al-Amoodi, M., additional, Thompson, E. C., additional, Kennedy, K., additional, Bybee, K. A., additional, Mcghie, A. I., additional, O'keefe, J. H., additional, Bateman, T. M., additional, Van Der Palen, R. L. F., additional, Mavinkurve-Groothuis, A. M., additional, Bulten, B., additional, Bellersen, L., additional, Van Laarhoven, H. W. M., additional, Kapusta, L., additional, De Geus-Oei, L. F., additional, Pollice, P. P., additional, Bonifazi, M. B., additional, Pollice, F. P., additional, Clements, I. P., additional, Hodge, D. O., additional, Scott, C. G., additional, De Ville De Goyet, M., additional, Brichard, B., additional, Pirotte, T., additional, Moniotte, S., additional, Tio, R. A., additional, Elvan, A., additional, Dierckx, R. A. I. O., additional, Slart, R. H. J. A., additional, Furuhashi, T., additional, Moroi, M., additional, Hase, H., additional, Joki, N., additional, Masai, H., additional, Nakazato, R., additional, Fukuda, H., additional, Sugi, K., additional, Kryczka, K., additional, Kaczmarska, E., additional, Petryka, J., additional, Mazurkiewicz, L., additional, Ruzyllo, W., additional, Smanio, P., additional, Vieira Segundo, E., additional, Siqueira, M., additional, Kelendjian, J., additional, Ribeiro, J., additional, Alaca, J., additional, Oliveira, M., additional, Alves, F., additional, Peovska, I., additional, Maksimovic, J., additional, Vavlukis, M., additional, Kostova, N., additional, Pop Gorceva, D., additional, Majstorov, V., additional, Zdraveska, M., additional, Hussain, S., additional, Djearaman, M., additional, Hoey, E., additional, Morus, L., additional, Erinfolami, O., additional, Macnamara, A., additional, Opolski, M. P., additional, Witkowski, A., additional, Berti, V., additional, Ricci, F., additional, Gallicchio, R., additional, Acampa, W., additional, Cerisano, G., additional, Vigorito, C., additional, Sciagra', R., additional, Pupi, A., additional, Sliem, H., additional, Collado, F. M., additional, Schmidt, S., additional, Maheshwari, A., additional, Kiriakos, R., additional, Mwansa, V., additional, Ljubojevic, S., additional, Sedej, S., additional, Holzer, M., additional, Marsche, G., additional, Marijanski, V., additional, Kockskaemper, J., additional, Pieske, B., additional, Ricalde, A., additional, Alexanderson, G., additional, Mohani, A., additional, Khanna, P., additional, Sinusas, A., additional, Lee, F., additional, Pinas, V. A., additional, Van Eck-Smit, B. L. F., additional, Verberne, H. J., additional, De Bruin, C. M., additional, Guilhermina, G., additional, Jimenez-Angeles, L., additional, Ruiz De Jesus, O., additional, Yanez-Suarez, O., additional, Vallejo, E., additional, Reyes, E., additional, Chan, M., additional, Hossen, M. L., additional, Underwood, S. R., additional, Karu, A., additional, Bokhari, S., additional, Pineda, V., additional, Gracia-Sanchez, L. M., additional, Garcia-Burillo, A., additional, Zavadovskiy, K., additional, Lishmanov, Y. U., additional, Saushkin, W., additional, Kovalev, I., additional, Chernishov, A., additional, Annoni, A., additional, Tarkia, M., additional, Saanijoki, T., additional, Oikonen, V., additional, Savunen, T., additional, Green, M. A., additional, Strandberg, M., additional, Roivainen, A., additional, Gaeta, M. C., additional, Artigas, C., additional, Deportos, J., additional, Geraldo, L., additional, Flotats, A., additional, La Delfa, V., additional, Carrio, I., additional, Laarse, W. J., additional, Izquierdo Gomez, M. M., additional, Lacalzada Almeida, J., additional, Barragan Acea, A., additional, De La Rosa Hernandez, A., additional, Juarez Prera, R., additional, Blanco Palacios, G., additional, Bonilla Arjona, J. A., additional, Jimenez Rivera, J. J., additional, Iribarren Sarrias, J. L., additional, Laynez Cerdena, I., additional, Dedic, A., additional, Rossi, A., additional, Ten Kate, G. J. R., additional, Dharampal, A., additional, Moelker, A., additional, Galema, T. W., additional, Mollet, N., additional, De Feyter, P. J., additional, Nieman, K., additional, Trabattoni, D., additional, Broersen, A., additional, Frenay, M., additional, Boogers, M. M., additional, Kitslaar, P. H., additional, Dijkstra, J., additional, Annoni, D. A., additional, Muratori, M., additional, Johki, N., additional, Tokue, M., additional, Dharampal, A. S., additional, Weustink, A. C., additional, Neefjes, L. A. E., additional, Papadopoulou, S. L., additional, Chen, C., additional, Mollet, N. R. A., additional, Boersma, E. H., additional, Krestin, G. P., additional, Purvis, J. A., additional, Sharma, D., additional, Hughes, S. M., additional, Berman, D. S., additional, Taillefer, R., additional, Udelson, J., additional, Devine, M., additional, Lazewatsky, J., additional, Bhat, G., additional, Washburn, D., additional, Patel, D., additional, Mazurek, T., additional, Tandon, S., additional, Bansal, S., additional, Inzucchi, S., additional, Staib, L., additional, Davey, J., additional, Chyun, D., additional, Young, L., additional, Wackers, F., additional, Harbinson, M. T., additional, Wells, G., additional, Dougan, J., additional, Borges-Neto, S., additional, Phillips, H., additional, Farzaneh-Far, A., additional, Starr, Z., additional, Shaw, L. K., additional, Fiuzat, M., additional, O'connor, C., additional, Henzlova, M., additional, Duvall, W. 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E., additional, Soman, P., additional, Heo, J., additional, Iskandrian, A. E., additional, Jain, M., additional, Lin, B., additional, Walker, A., additional, Nkonde, C., additional, Bond, S., additional, Baskin, A., additional, Declerck, J., additional, Soto, M. E., additional, Mendoza, G., additional, Aguilar, M., additional, Williams, S. P., additional, Colice, G., additional, Mcardle, J. R., additional, Lankford, A., additional, Kajdasz, D. K., additional, Reed, C. R., additional, Angelini, L., additional, Angelozzi, F., additional, Ascoli, G., additional, Jacobson, A., additional, Lessig, H. J., additional, Gerson, M. C., additional, Cerqueira, M. D., additional, Narula, J., additional, Uematsu, M., additional, Kida, K., additional, Suzuki, K., additional, Bravo, P. E., additional, Fukushima, K., additional, Chaudhry, M., additional, Merrill, J., additional, Alonso Tello, A., additional, Rodriguez Palomares, J. F., additional, Marti Aguasca, G., additional, Aguade Bruix, S., additional, Aliaga, V., additional, Mahia, P., additional, Gonzalez-Alujas, T., additional, Candell, J., additional, Evangelista, A., additional, Mlynarski, R., additional, Mlynarska, A., additional, Sosnowski, M., additional, Zerahn, B., additional, Hasbak, P., additional, Mortensen, C. E., additional, Mathiesen, H. F., additional, Andersson, M., additional, Nielsen, D., additional, Ferreira Santos, L., additional, Ferreira, M. J., additional, Ramos, D., additional, Moreira, D., additional, Cunha, M. J., additional, Albuquerque, A., additional, Moreira, A., additional, Oliveira Santos, J., additional, Costa, G., additional, Providencia, L. A., additional, Arita, Y., additional, Kihara, S., additional, Mitsusada, N., additional, Miyawaki, M., additional, Ueda, H., additional, Hiraoka, H., additional, Matsuzawa, Y., additional, Askew, J., additional, O'connor, M., additional, Jordan, L., additional, Ruter, R., additional, Gibbons, R., additional, Miller, T., additional, Emmett, L., additional, Ng, A., additional, Sorensen, N., additional, Mansberg, R., additional, Kritharides, L., additional, Gonzalez, T., additional, Majmundar, H., additional, Coats, N. P., additional, Vernotico, S., additional, Doan, J. H., additional, Hernandez, T. M., additional, Evini, M., additional, Hepner, A. D., additional, Ip, T. K., additional, Chalela, W. A., additional, Falcao, A. M., additional, Azouri, L. O., additional, Ramires, J. A. F., additional, Meneghetti, J. C., additional, Manganelli, F., additional, Spadafora, M., additional, Varrella, P., additional, Peluso, G., additional, Sauro, R., additional, Di Lorenzo, E., additional, Rotondi, F., additional, Daniele, S., additional, Miletto, P., additional, Rijnders, A. J. M., additional, Hendrickx, B. W., additional, Van Der Bruggen, W., additional, America, Y. G. C. J., additional, Thorley, P. J., additional, Chowdhury, F. U., additional, Dickinson, C. J., additional, Sazonova, S. I., additional, Proskokova, I. Y. U., additional, Gusakova, A. M., additional, Minin, S. M., additional, Lishmanov, Y. U. B., additional, Saushkin, V. V., additional, Rodriguez, G., additional, Roffe, F., additional, Ilarraza, H., additional, Bialostozky, D., additional, Kitsiou, A. N., additional, Arsenos, P., additional, Tsiantis, I., additional, Charizopoulos, S., additional, Karas, S., additional, Vidal Perez, R. C., additional, Garrido, M., additional, Pubul, V., additional, Argibay, S., additional, Pena, C., additional, Pombo, M., additional, Ciobotaru, A. B., additional, Sanchez-Salmon, A., additional, Ruibal Morell, A., additional, Gonzalez-Juanatey, J. R., additional, Rodriguez-Gomez, E., additional, Martinez, B., additional, Pontillo, D., additional, Benvissuto, F., additional, Fiore Melacrinis, F., additional, Maccafeo, S., additional, Scabbia, E. V., additional, Schiavo, R., additional, Golzar, Y., additional, Gidea, C., additional, Golzar, J., additional, Pop-Gorceva, D., additional, Zdravkovska, M., additional, Stojanovski, S., additional, Georgievska-Ismail, L. 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W., additional, Verdes, L., additional, Campos, L., additional, Gulyaev, V., additional, Pankova, A., additional, Santos, J., additional, Carmona, S., additional, Henriksson, I., additional, Prata, A., additional, Carrageta, M., additional, Santos, A. I., additional, Yoshinaga, K., additional, Naya, M., additional, Katoh, C., additional, Manabe, O., additional, Yamada, S., additional, Iwano, H., additional, Chiba, S., additional, Tsutsui, H., additional, Tamaki, N., additional, Vassiliadis, I., additional, Despotopoulos, E., additional, Kaitozis, O., additional, Hatzistamatiou, E., additional, Thompson, R., additional, Hatch, J., additional, Zink, M., additional, Gu, B. S., additional, Bae, G. D., additional, Dae, C. M., additional, Min, G. H., additional, Chun, E. J., additional, Choi, S. I., additional, Al-Mallah, M., additional, Kassem, K., additional, Khawaja, O., additional, Goodman, D., additional, Lipkin, D., additional, Christiaens, L., additional, Bonnet, B., additional, Mergy, J., additional, Coisne, D., additional, Allal, J., additional, Dias Ferreira, N., additional, Leite, D., additional, Rocha, J., additional, Carvalho, M., additional, Caeiro, D., additional, Bettencourt, N., additional, Braga, P., additional, Gama Ribeiro, V., additional, Kristoffersen, U. S., additional, Lebech, A. M., additional, Gutte, H., additional, Ripa, R. S., additional, Wiinberg, N., additional, Petersen, C. L., additional, Jensen, G., additional, Kjaer, A., additional, Bai, C., additional, Conwell, R., additional, Folks, R. D., additional, Verdes-Moreiras, L., additional, Manatunga, D., additional, Jacobson, A. F., additional, Belzer, D., additional, Hasid, Y., additional, Rehling, M., additional, Poulsen, R. H., additional, Falborg, L., additional, Rasmussen, J. T., additional, Waehrens, L. N., additional, Heegaard, C. W., additional, Silvola, J. M. U., additional, Forsback, S., additional, Laine, J. O., additional, Heinonen, S., additional, Ylaherttuala, S., additional, Broisat, A., additional, Ruiz, M., additional, Goodman, N. C., additional, Dimastromatteo, J., additional, Glover, D. K., additional, Hyafil, F., additional, Blackwell, F., additional, Pavon-Djavid, G., additional, Sarda-Mantel, L., additional, Feldman, L. J., additional, Meddahi-Pelle, A., additional, Tsatkin, V., additional, Liu, Y.- H., additional, De Kemp, R., additional, Slomka, P. J., additional, Klein, R., additional, Germano, G., additional, Beanlands, R. S., additional, Rohani, A., additional, Akbari, V., additional, Groothuis, J. G. J., additional, Fransen, M., additional, Beek, A. M., additional, Brinckman, S. L., additional, Meijerink, M. R., additional, Hofman, M. B. M., additional, Van Kuijk, C., additional, Kogure, S., additional, Yamashita, E., additional, Murakami, J., additional, Kawaguchi, R., additional, Adachi, H., additional, Oshima, S., additional, Minin, S., additional, Popov, S., additional, Saushkina, Y. U., additional, Savenkova, G., additional, Lebedev, D., additional, Alexandridis, E., additional, Rovithis, D., additional, Parisis, C., additional, Sazonova, I., additional, Saushkin, V., additional, Chernov, V., additional, Zaabar, L., additional, Bahri, H., additional, Hadj Ali, S., additional, Sellem, A., additional, Slim, I., additional, El Kadri, N., additional, Slimen, H., additional, Hammami, H., additional, Lucic, S., additional, Peter, A., additional, Tadic, S., additional, Nikoletic, K., additional, Jung, R., additional, Lucic, M., additional, Tagil, K., additional, Jakobsson, D., additional, Svensson, S.- E., additional, Wollmer, P., additional, Leccisotti, L., additional, Indovina, L., additional, Paraggio, L., additional, Calcagni, M. L., additional, Giordano, A., additional, Kapitan, M., additional, Paolino, A., additional, Nunez, M., additional, Sweeny, J., additional, Kulkarni, N., additional, Guma, K., additional, Akashi, Y., additional, Takano, M., additional, Takai, M., additional, Koh, S., additional, Miyake, F., additional, Torun, N., additional, Durmus Altun, G., additional, Altun, A., additional, Kaya, E., additional, Saglam, H., additional, Matsuoka, D. T., additional, Sanchez, A., additional, Bartolozzi, C., additional, Padua, D., additional, Ponta, G., additional, Ponte, A., additional, Carneiro, A., additional, Thom, A., additional, Ashrafi, R., additional, Garg, P., additional, Davis, G., additional, Falcao, A., additional, Costa, M., additional, Bussolini, F., additional, Meneghetti, J. A. C., additional, Tobisaka, M., additional, Correia, E., additional, Jansen, J. W., additional, Van Der Vleuten, P. A., additional, Willems, T. P., additional, Zijlstra, F., additional, Sato, M., additional, Taniguchi, K., additional, Kurabayashi, M., additional, Pop Gjorcheva, D., additional, Zdraveska-Kochovska, M., additional, Moriwaki, K., additional, Kawamura, A., additional, Watanabe, K., additional, Omura, T., additional, Sakabe, S., additional, Seko, T., additional, Kasai, A., additional, Ito, M., additional, Obana, M., additional, Akasaka, T., additional, Hruska, C., additional, Truong, D., additional, Pletta, C., additional, Collins, D., additional, Tortorelli, C., additional, Rhodes, D., additional, El-Prince, M., additional, Martinez-Moeller, A., additional, Marinelli, M., additional, Weismueller, S., additional, Hillerer, C., additional, Jensen, B., additional, Nekolla, S. G., additional, Wakabayashi, H., additional, Tsukamoto, K., additional, Baker, S. M. E. A., additional, Sirajul Haque, K. M. H. S., additional, Siddique, A., additional, Krishna Banarjee, S., additional, Ahsan, A., additional, Rahman, F., additional, Mukhlesur Rahman, M., additional, Parveen, T., additional, Lutfinnessa, M., additional, Nasreen, F., additional, Sano, H., additional, Naito, S., additional, De Rimini, M. L., additional, Borrelli, G., additional, Baldascino, F., additional, Calabro, P., additional, Maiello, C., additional, Russo, A., additional, Amarelli, C., additional, Muto, P., additional, Danad, I., additional, Raijmakers, P. G., additional, Appelman, Y. E., additional, Hoekstra, O. S., additional, Marcus, J. T., additional, Boonstra, A., additional, Ryzhkova, D. V., additional, Kuzmina, T. V., additional, Borodina, O. S., additional, Trukshina, M. A., additional, Kostina, I. S., additional, Hommel, H., additional, Feuchtner, G., additional, Pachinger, O., additional, Friedrich, G., additional, Stel, A. M., additional, Deckers, J. W., additional, Gama, V., additional, Ciarka, A., additional, Neefjes, L. A., additional, Mollet, N. R., additional, Sijbrands, E. J., additional, Wilczek, J., additional, Llibre Pallares, C., additional, Abdul-Jawad Altisent, O., additional, Cuellar Calabria, H., additional, Mahia Casado, P., additional, Gonzalez-Alujas, M. T., additional, Evangelista Masip, A., additional, Garcia-Dorado Garcia, D., additional, Tekabe, Y., additional, Shen, X., additional, Li, Q., additional, Luma, J., additional, Weisenberger, D., additional, Schmidt, A. M., additional, Haubner, R., additional, Johnson, L., additional, Sleiman, L., additional, Thorn, S., additional, Hasu, M., additional, Thabet, M., additional, Dasilva, J. N., additional, Whitman, S. C., additional, Genovesi, D., additional, Giorgetti, A., additional, Gimelli, A., additional, Cannizzaro, G., additional, Bertagna, F., additional, Fagioli, G., additional, Rossi, M., additional, Bonini, R., additional, Marzullo, P., additional, Paterson, C. A., additional, Smith, S. A., additional, Small, A. D., additional, Goodfield, N. E. R., additional, Martin, W., additional, Nekolla, S., additional, Sherif, H., additional, Reder, S., additional, Yu, M., additional, Kusch, A., additional, Li, D., additional, Zou, J., additional, Lloyd, M. S., additional, Cao, K., additional, Motherwell, D. W., additional, Rice, A., additional, Mccurrach, G. M., additional, Cobbe, S. M., additional, Petrie, M. C., additional, Al Younis, I., additional, Van Der Wall, E., additional, Mirza, T., additional, Raza, M., additional, Hashemizadeh, H., additional, Santos, L., additional, Krishna, B. A., additional, Perna, F., additional, Lago, M., additional, Leo, M., additional, Pelargonio, G., additional, Bencardino, G., additional, Narducci, M. L., additional, Casella, M., additional, Bellocci, F., additional, Kirac, S., additional, Yaylali, O., additional, Serteser, M., additional, Yaylali, T., additional, Okizaki, A., additional, Urano, Y., additional, Nakayama, M., additional, Ishitoya, S., additional, Sato, J., additional, Ishikawa, Y., additional, Sakaguchi, M., additional, Nakagami, N., additional, Aburano, T., additional, Solav, S. V., additional, Bhandari, R., additional, Burrell, S., additional, Dorbala, S., additional, Bruno, I., additional, Caldarella, C., additional, Collarino, A., additional, Mattoli, M. V., additional, Stefanelli, A., additional, Cannarile, A., additional, Maggi, F., additional, Soukhov, V., additional, Bondarev, S., additional, Yalfimov, A., additional, Khan, M., additional, Priyadharshan, P. P., additional, Chandok, G., additional, Aziz, T., additional, Avison, M., additional, Smith, R. A., additional, Bulugahapitya, D. S., additional, Vakhtangadze, T., additional, Todua, F., additional, Baramia, M., additional, Antelava, G., additional, Roche, N.- C., additional, Paule, P., additional, Kerebel, S., additional, Gil, J.- M., additional, Fourcade, L., additional, Tzonevska, A., additional, Tzvetkov, K., additional, Atanasova, M., additional, Parvanova, V., additional, Chakarova, A., additional, Piperkova, E., additional, Kocabas, B., additional, Muderrisoglu, H., additional, Allaart, C. P., additional, Entok, E., additional, Simsek, S., additional, Akcay, B., additional, Ak, I., additional, Vardareli, E., additional, Stachura, M., additional, Kwasiborski, P. J., additional, Horszczaruk, G. J., additional, Komar, E., additional, Cwetsch, A., additional, Zraik, B., additional, Morales Demori, R., additional, Almeida, A. D. J., additional, Siqueira, M. E., additional, Vieira, E., additional, Balogh, I., additional, Kerecsen, G., additional, Marosi, E., additional, Szelid, Z. S., additional, Sattar, A., additional, Swadia, T., additional, Chattahi, J., additional, Qureshi, W., additional, Khalid, F., additional, Gonzalez, A., additional, Hechavarria, S., additional, Takamura, K., additional, Fujimoto, S., additional, Nakanishi, R., additional, Yamashina, S., additional, Namiki, A., additional, Yamazaki, J., additional, Koshino, K., additional, Hashikawa, Y., additional, Teramoto, N., additional, Hikake, M., additional, Ishikane, S., additional, Ikeda, T., additional, Iida, H., additional, Takahashi, Y., additional, Oriuchi, N., additional, Higashino, H., additional, Endo, K., additional, Mochizuki, T., additional, Murase, K., additional, Baali, A., additional, Moreno, R., additional, Chau, M., additional, Rousseau, H., additional, Nicoud, F., additional, Dolliner, P., additional, Brammen, L., additional, Steurer, G., additional, Traub-Weidinger, T., additional, Ubl, P., additional, Schaffarich, P., additional, Dobrozemsky, G., additional, Staudenherz, A., additional, Ozgen Kiratli, M., additional, Temelli, B., additional, Kanat, N. B., additional, Aksoy, T., additional, Slavich, G. A., additional, Piccoli, G., additional, Puppato, M., additional, Grillone, S., additional, Gasparini, D., additional, Dunet, V., additional, Perruchoud, S., additional, Poitry-Yamate, C., additional, Lepore, M., additional, Gruetter, R., additional, Pedrazzini, T., additional, Anselm, D., additional, Anselm, A., additional, Atkins, H., additional, Renaud, J., additional, Dekemp, R., additional, Burwash, I., additional, Guo, A., additional, Beanlands, R., additional, Glover, C., additional, Vilardi, I., additional, Zangheri, B., additional, Calabrese, L., additional, Romano, P., additional, Bruno, A., additional, Fernandez Cimadevilla, O. C., additional, Uusitalo, V. A., additional, Luotolahti, M., additional, Wendelin-Saarenhovi, M., additional, Sundell, J., additional, Raitakari, O., additional, Huidu, S., additional, Gadiraju, R., additional, Ghesani, M., additional, Uddin, Q., additional, Wosnitzer, B., additional, Takahashi, N., additional, Alhaj, E., additional, Legasto, A., additional, Abiri, B., additional, Elsaban, K., additional, El Khouly, T., additional, El Kammash, T., additional, Al Ghamdi, A., additional, Kyung Deok, B., additional, Bon Seung, K., additional, Sang Geun, Y., additional, Chang Min, D., additional, and Gwan Hong, M., additional

Published
2011
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7. P.3.08 Quantification of serotonin transporterswith [123I]ADAM and SPECT in healthy human subjects: preliminary data on tracer kinetics

Author

Sacher, J., primary, Klein, N., additional, Geiss-Granadia, T., additional, Mossaheb, N., additional, Attarbaschi, T., additional, Holik, A., additional, Asenbaum, S., additional, Pötzi, C., additional, Dobrozemsky, G., additional, Dudczak, R., additional, Kasper, S., additional, and Tauscher, J., additional

Published
2005
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12. Re: Scintigraphic Images

Author

Kurtaran, A, primary, Staudenherz, A, additional, Dudczak, R, additional, Dobrozemsky, G, additional, Bergmann, H, additional, Öhler, L, additional, Kornek, G, additional, Wenzl, E, additional, Puig, S, additional, Schima, W, additional, and Kainberger, F, additional

Published
2002
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17. Combined transmission and (99m)Tc-sestamibi emission tomography for localization of mediastinal parathyroid glands

Author

Kaczirek K, Prager G, Kienast O, Dobrozemsky G, Dudczak R, Bruno Niederle, and Kurtaran A

Subjects
Parathyroid Glands, Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon, Parathyroid Neoplasms, Mediastinal Diseases, Humans, Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures, Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary, Choristoma, Radiopharmaceuticals, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Abstract

Although parathyroid scintigraphy using (99m) Tc-sestamibi is considered the best preoperative localization method for hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue it lacks the anatomical details required for successful, minimal invasive surgery of ectopic parathyroid lesions. This study presents the role of combined SPECT/X-ray-CT imaging in a single device for localization of mediastinal parathyroid glands.(99m) Tc-sestamibi SPECT/X-ray-CT was performed by gamma camera-mounted anatomical X-ray tomography (GMAXT; GE Medical systems, Millenium VG with Hawkeye) in four patients with ectopic parathyroid glands (two patients with primary, two with persistent secondary hyperparathyroidism). The device contains an X-ray tube and a set of detectors that rotate around the patient combined with a gamma camera. For comparison with GMAXT addition-ally high resolution computed tomography images of the neck and mediastinum were performed.Correct preoperative localization was achieved. The parathyroid glands were located in the anterior mediastinum. High resolution computed tomography could not provide further details. Three patients were operated by a minimal invasive open and one patient by a transsternal approach because of concomitant aortic valve replacement.(99m)Tc-sestamibi/X-ray-CT fusion imaging in a single device can accurately localise ectopic or supernumerary mediastinal parathyroid tumours in primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Morbidity,radiation exposure, time, and costs are reduced by avoiding multiple diagnostic examinations and minimal invasive parathyroid surgery becomes possible.

20. CT-based SPECT attenuation correction and assessment of infarct size: results from a cardiac phantom study.

Author

Kroiss AS, Nekolla SG, Dobrozemsky G, Grubinger T, Shulkin BL, and Schwaiger M

Subjects
Humans, Myocardial Infarction pathology, Heart diagnostic imaging, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted instrumentation, Myocardial Infarction diagnostic imaging, Phantoms, Imaging, Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Computed Tomography
Abstract

Rationale: Myocardial perfusion SPECT is a commonly performed, well established, clinically useful procedure for the management of patients with coronary artery disease. However, the attenuation of photons from myocardium impacts the quantification of infarct sizes. CT-Attenuation Correction (AC) potentially resolves this problem. This contention was investigated by analyzing various parameters for infarct size delineation in a cardiac phantom model., Methods: A thorax phantom with a left ventricle (LV), fillable defects, lungs, spine and liver was used. The defects were combined to simulate 6 infarct sizes (5-20% LV). The LV walls were filled with 100120 kBq/ml 99m Tc and the liver with 10-12 kBq/ml 99m Tc. The defects were filled with water of 50% LV activity to simulate transmural and non-transmural infarction, respectively. Imaging of the phantom was repeated for each configuration in a SPECT/CT system. The defects were positioned in the anterior as well as in the inferior wall. Data were acquired in two modes: 32 views, 30 s/view, 180° and 64 views, 15 s/view, 360° orbit. Images were reconstructed iteratively with scatter correction and resolution recovery. Polar maps were generated and defect sizes were calculated with variable thresholds (40-60%, in 5% steps). The threshold yielding the best correlation and the lowest mean deviation from the true extents was considered optimal., Results: AC data showed accurate estimation of transmural defect extents with an optimal threshold of 50% [non attenuation correction (NAC): 40%]. For the simulation of non-transmural defects, a threshold of 55% for AC was found to yield the best results (NAC: 45%). The variability in defect size due to the location (anterior versus inferior) of the defect was reduced by 50% when using AC data indicating the benefit from using AC. No difference in the optimal threshold was observed between the different orbits., Conclusion: Cardiac SPECT/CT shows an improved capability for quantitative defect size assessment in phantom studies due to the positive effects of attenuation correction.

Published
2017
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21. WWSSF - a worldwide study on radioisotopic renal split function: reproducibility of renal split function assessment in children.

Author

Geist BK, Dobrozemsky G, Samal M, Schaffarich MP, Sinzinger H, and Staudenherz A

Subjects
Child, Humans, Radionuclide Imaging, Reproducibility of Results, Internationality, Kidney diagnostic imaging, Kidney physiology, Kidney Function Tests methods, Radioisotopes
Abstract

Purpose: The split or differential renal function is the most widely accepted quantitative parameter derived from radionuclide renography. To examine the intercenter variance of this parameter, we designed a worldwide round robin test., Methods: Five selected dynamic renal studies have been distributed all over the world by e-mail. Three of these studies are anonymized patient data acquired using the EANM standardized protocol and two studies are phantom studies. In a simple form, individual participants were asked to measure renal split function as well as to provide additional information such as data analysis software, positioning of background region of interest, or the method of calculation., Results: We received the evaluation forms from 34 centers located in 21 countries. The analysis of the round robin test yielded an overall z-score of 0.3 (a z-score below 1 reflecting a good result). However, the z-scores from several centers were unacceptably high, with values greater than 3. In particular, the studies with impaired renal function showed a wide variance., Conclusion: A wide variance in the split renal function was found in patients with impaired kidney function. This study indicates the ultimate importance of quality control and standardization of the measurement of the split renal function. It is especially important with respect to the commonly accepted threshold for significant change in split renal function by 10%.

Published
2015
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22. Multiparametric PET imaging in thyroid malignancy characterizing tumour heterogeneity: somatostatin receptors and glucose metabolism.

Author

Traub-Weidinger T, Putzer D, von Guggenberg E, Dobrozemsky G, Nilica B, Kendler D, Bale R, and Virgolini IJ

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Octreotide analogs & derivatives, Organometallic Compounds, Peptides, Cyclic, Thyroid Neoplasms metabolism, Thyroid Neoplasms pathology, Glucose metabolism, Positron-Emission Tomography, Radiopharmaceuticals, Receptors, Somatostatin metabolism, Thyroid Neoplasms diagnostic imaging
Abstract

Purpose: Radiolabelled somatostatin (SST) analogues have proven useful in diagnosing tumours positive for SST receptor (SSTR). As different subtypes of SSTR are expressed on the tumour cell surface, the choice of appropriate therapeutic SST analogue is crucial. We evaluated the SSTR status of thyroid cancer patients who had signs of progressive disease comparing different SSTR ligands for PET imaging to evaluate possible further therapeutic options., Methods: PET with (68)Ga-radiolabelled SSTR ligands DOTA lanreotide (DOTA-LAN), DOTA-Tyr(3) octreotide (DOTA-TOC) and (18)F-FDG was performed in 31 patients with thyroid cancer (TC). These 31 patients comprised 18 with radioiodine non-avid differentiated TC (DTC) including 6 papillary TC (PTC), 8 follicular TC (FTC) and 4 oxyphilic TC (oxyTC), 5 with anaplastic TC (ATC), and 8 with medullary TC (MTC). The PET results were compared in a region-based evaluation., Results: All patients underwent a PET study with (68)Ga-DOTA-LAN, 28 patients with (68)Ga-DOTA-TOC and 28 patients with (18)F-FDG. A lack of SSTR expression was found in 13 of the 31 patients (42%) with negative results with both SSTR tracers in 12 patients. Ambiguous results with both SSTR tracers were observed in one patient. High tracer uptake in SSTR PET images was seen in seven DTC patients (39%; two PTC, three FTC, two oxyTC), in four ATC patients (80%) and in six MTC patients (75%). Lesions showing aerobic glycolysis on (18)F-FDG PET were found in 24 of 28 patients (86%) with corresponding positive results with (68)Ga-DOTA-LAN in 35% and with (68)Ga-DOTA-TOC in 29%., Conclusion: The heterogeneous SSTR profile of TC tumour lesions needs to be evaluated using different SSTR PET tracers to characterize more closely the SSTR subtype affinities in patients with progressive TC in order to further stratify therapy with SSTR therapeutics.

Published
2015
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23. 124I-anti-CD52 dosimetry before radioimmunotherapy as part of conditioning for stem cell transplantation in acute leukemia.

Author

Putzer D, Dobrozemsky G, Haubner R, Clausen J, Nachbaur D, and Virgolini I

Subjects
Acute Disease, CD52 Antigen, Humans, Iodine Radioisotopes, Positron-Emission Tomography, Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma diagnostic imaging, Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma radiotherapy, Radiometry, Young Adult, Antibodies, Monoclonal immunology, Antigens, CD immunology, Antigens, Neoplasm immunology, Glycoproteins immunology, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation methods, Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma surgery, Radioimmunotherapy, Transplantation Conditioning methods
Published
2012
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24. PET based volume segmentation with emphasis on the iterative TrueX algorithm.

Author

Knäusl B, Hirtl A, Dobrozemsky G, Bergmann H, Kletter K, Dudczak R, and Georg D

Subjects
Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, Humans, Phantoms, Imaging, Radiotherapy Dosage, Software, Algorithms, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted methods, Imaging, Three-Dimensional methods, Multimodal Imaging methods, Neoplasms radiotherapy, Positron-Emission Tomography, Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted methods, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Abstract

Purpose: To assess the influence of reconstruction algorithms for positron emission tomography (PET) based volume quantification. The specifically detected activity in the threshold defined volume was investigated for different reconstruction algorithms as a function of volume size and signal to background ratio (SBR), especially for volumes smaller than 1ml. Special attention was given to the Siemens specific iterative reconstruction algorithm TrueX., Methods: Measurements were performed with a modified in-house produced IEC body phantom on a Siemens Biograph 64 True Point PET/CT scanner (Siemens, Medical Systems) for six different SBRs (2.1, 3.8, 4.9, 6.7, 8.9, 9.4 and without active background (BG)). The phantom consisted of a water-filled cavity with built-in plastic spheres (0.27, 0.52, 1.15, 2.57, 5.58 and 11.49ml). The following reconstruction algorithms available on the Siemens Syngo workstation were evaluated: Iterative OSEM (OSEM) (4 iterations, 21 subsets), iterative TrueX (TrueX) (4 iterations, 21 subsets) and filtered backprojection (FBP). For the threshold based volume segmentation the software Rover (ABX, Dresden) was used., Results: For spheres larger than 2.5ml a constant threshold (standard deviation (SD) 10%) level was found for a given SBR and reconstruction algorithm and therefore a mean threshold for the largest three spheres was calculated. This threshold could be approximated by a function inversely proportional to the SBR. The threshold decreased with increasing SBR for all sphere sizes. For the OSEM algorithm the threshold for small spheres with 0.27, 0.52 and 1.15ml varied between 17% and 44% (depending on sphere size). The threshold for the TrueX algorithm was substantially lower (up to 17%) than for the OSEM algorithm for all sphere sizes. The maximum activity in a specific volume yielded the true activity for the OSEM algorithm when using a SBR independent correction factor C, which depended on sphere size. For the largest three volumes a constant factor C=1.10±0.03 was found. For smaller volumes, C increased exponentially due to the partial volume effect. For the TrueX algorithm the maximum activity overestimated the true activity., Conclusion: The threshold values for PET based target volume segmentation increased with increasing sphere size for all tested algorithms. True activity values of spheres in the phantom could be extracted using experimentally determined correction factors C. The TrueX algorithm has to be used carefully for quantitative comparison (e.g. follow-up) and multicenter studies., (Copyright © 2010. Published by Elsevier GmbH.)

Published
2012
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25. Radiolabeling of lipid-based nanoparticles for diagnostics and therapeutic applications: a comparison using different radiometals.

Author

Helbok A, Decristoforo C, Dobrozemsky G, Rangger C, Diederen E, Stark B, Prassl R, and von Guggenberg E

Subjects
Animals, Gallium Radioisotopes, Indium Radioisotopes, Liposomes pharmacokinetics, Lutetium therapeutic use, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Organotechnetium Compounds, Pentetic Acid analogs & derivatives, Pentetic Acid pharmacokinetics, Positron-Emission Tomography, Radioisotopes therapeutic use, Radiopharmaceuticals, Rats, Rats, Inbred Lew, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon, Isotope Labeling methods, Liposomes chemistry, Nanoparticles chemistry
Abstract

Radiolabeling of nanoparticles (NPs) has been performed for a variety of reasons, such as for studying pharmacokinetics, for imaging, or for therapy. Here, we describe the in vitro and in vivo evaluation of DTPA-derivatized lipid-based NP (DTPA-NP) radiolabeled with different radiometals, including (111)In and (99m)Tc, for single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), (68)Ga for positron emission tomography (PET), and (177)Lu for therapeutic applications. PEGylated DTPA-NP with varying DTPA amounts, different composition, and size were radiolabeled with (111)In, (177)Lu, and (68)Ga, using various buffers. (99m)Tc-labeling was performed directly and by using the carbonyl aquaion, [(99m)Tc(H(2)O)(3)(CO)(3)](+). Stability was tested and biodistribution evaluated. High labeling yields (>90%) were achieved for all radionuclides and different liposomal formulations. Specific activities (SAs) were highest for (111)In (>4 MBq/mug liposome), followed by (68)Ga and (177)Lu; for (99m)Tc, high labeling yields and SA were only achieved by using [(99m)Tc(H(2)O)(3)(CO)(3)](+). Stability toward DTPA/histidine and in serum was high (>80 % RCP, 24 hours postpreparation).). Biodistribution in Lewis rats revealed no significant differences between NP in terms of DTPA loading and particle composition; however, different uptake patterns were found between the radionuclides used. We observed lower retention in blood (<3.3 %ID/g) and lower liver uptake (< 2.7 %ID/g) for (99m)Tc- and (68)Ga, compared to (111)In-NP (blood, <4 %ID/g; liver, <3.6 %ID/g). Imaging potential was shown by both PET magnetic resonance imaging fusion imaging and SPECT imaging. Overall, our study shows that PEGylated DTPA-NP are suitable for radiolabeling studies with a variety of radiometals, thereby achieving high SA suitable for targeting applications.

Published
2010
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26. 68Ga-siderophores for PET imaging of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis: proof of principle.

Author

Petrik M, Haas H, Dobrozemsky G, Lass-Flörl C, Helbok A, Blatzer M, Dietrich H, and Decristoforo C

Subjects
Animals, Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides chemistry, Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides metabolism, Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides pharmacokinetics, Biological Transport, Evidence-Based Medicine, Female, Gallium Radioisotopes chemistry, Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis metabolism, Isotope Labeling, Mice, Rats, Siderophores metabolism, Siderophores pharmacokinetics, Tissue Distribution, Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis diagnostic imaging, Positron-Emission Tomography methods, Siderophores chemistry
Abstract

Unlabelled: The diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is difficult and lacks specificity and sensitivity. In the pathophysiology of Aspergillus fumigatus, iron plays an essential role as a nutrient during infection. A. fumigatus uses a specific and highly efficient iron uptake mechanism based on iron-complexing ferric ion Fe(III) siderophores, which are a requirement for A. fumigatus virulence. We aimed to evaluate the potential of siderophores radiolabeled with (68)Ga, a positron emitter with complexing properties comparable to those of Fe(III), as a radiopharmaceutical for imaging IPA., Methods: (68)Ga radiolabeling of the A. fumigatus siderophores desferri-triacetylfusarinine C (TAFC) and desferri-ferricrocin (FC) was performed at high specific activity. Stability, protein binding, and log P values were determined. In vitro uptake in A. fumigatus cultures was tested under varying conditions. Biodistribution was studied in healthy noninfected BALB/c mice, and uptake was studied in a model of A. fumigatus infection using immunosuppressed Lewis rats., Results: High-specific-activity (68)Ga labeling could be achieved, and resulting complexes were stable in serum, toward diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid and Fe(III) challenge. Both siderophores showed hydrophilic properties ((68)Ga-TAFC, log P = -2.59; (68)Ga-FC, log P = -3.17) with low values of protein binding for (68)Ga-TAFC (<2%). Uptake of both siderophores was highly dependent on the mycelial iron load and could be blocked with an excess (10 microM) of siderophore or NaN(3), indicating specific, energy-dependent uptake. In noninfected mice, (68)Ga-TAFC showed rapid renal excretion and low blood values (1.6 +/- 0.37 percentage injected dose per gram [%ID/g] at 30 min); in urine only intact (68)Ga-TAFC was detected. In contrast, (68)Ga-FC revealed high retention in blood (16.1 +/- 1.07 %ID/g at 90 min) and rapid metabolism. In the rat IPA model, lung uptake of (68)Ga-TAFC was dependent on the severity of infection, with less than 0.04 %ID/g in control rats (n = 5) and 0.29 +/- 0.11 %ID/g in mildly infected (n = 3) and 0.95 +/- 0.37 %ID/g in severely infected (n = 4) rats. PET showed focal accumulation in infected lung tissue., Conclusion: Both siderophores bound (68)Ga with high affinity, and (68)Ga-TAFC, especially, showed high stability. (68)Ga-TAFC displayed highly selective accumulation by A. fumigatus subspecies in vitro and in vivo. The high and specific uptake by A. fumigatus proves the potential of (68)Ga-labeled siderophores for the specific detection of A. fumigatus during infection. They hold promise as new PET agents for IPA.

Published
2010
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27. Response of recurrent high-grade glioma to treatment with (90)Y-DOTATOC.

Author

Heute D, Kostron H, von Guggenberg E, Ingorokva S, Gabriel M, Dobrozemsky G, Stockhammer G, and Virgolini IJ

Subjects
Feasibility Studies, Female, Glioma diagnostic imaging, Glioma therapy, Humans, Injections, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Octreotide administration & dosage, Octreotide therapeutic use, Positron-Emission Tomography, Recurrence, Treatment Outcome, Whole Body Imaging, Young Adult, Glioma pathology, Glioma radiotherapy, Octreotide analogs & derivatives
Abstract

Unlabelled: The treatment of patients with high-grade malignant glioma still represents an unsolved clinical problem. We report the treatment of 3 patients who had World Health Organization grade IV recurrent glioblastoma: a 23-y-old woman and 2 men aged 61 and 62 y., Methods: All 3 patients were treated with the somatostatin receptor radiopharmaceutical (90)Y-labeled [1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N'',N'''-tetraacetic acid(0)-d-Phe(1),Tyr(3)]octreotide (DOTATOC). A cumulated dose of 1.7-2.2 GBq given in 3 or 4 cycles was locally injected into a previously implanted catheter system., Results: Treatment was successful in all 3 patients, with only minor side effects reported. After treatment, MRI and PET showed complete remission in one patient and partial remission in the other patients. These findings correlated well with clinical improvement and improved quality of life., Conclusion: Receptor-mediated radionuclide therapy by locally injected (90)Y-DOTATOC is feasible and well tolerated. This approach represents an attractive strategy for the treatment of locally recurring or progressing glioblastoma.

Published
2010
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28. Preliminary experience with (68)Ga-DOTA-lanreotide positron emission tomography.

Author

Traub-Weidinger T, Von Guggenberg E, Dobrozemsky G, Kendler D, Eisterer W, Bale R, Putzer D, Gabriel M, and Virgolini I

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Amino Acid Sequence, Female, Gallium Radioisotopes adverse effects, Gallium Radioisotopes chemistry, Gallium Radioisotopes pharmacokinetics, Humans, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Lung Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Lung Neoplasms metabolism, Male, Middle Aged, Receptors, Somatostatin metabolism, Somatostatin adverse effects, Somatostatin chemistry, Somatostatin pharmacokinetics, Thyroid Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Thyroid Neoplasms metabolism, Thyroid Neoplasms pathology, Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring adverse effects, Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring chemistry, Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring pharmacokinetics, Peptides, Cyclic adverse effects, Peptides, Cyclic chemistry, Peptides, Cyclic pharmacokinetics, Positron-Emission Tomography methods, Somatostatin analogs & derivatives
Abstract

Aim: Positron emission tomography (PET) of (68)Ga-radiolabelled (SST) somatostatin receptor (R) binding peptides has recently been evaluated in SSTR positive tumor patients. First promising results in lung and thyroid tumor patients with (111)In-DOTA-Lanreotide (DOTA-LAN) scintigraphy have been described. We report our first experience with (68)Ga-labeled DOTA-LAN., Methods: Eleven patients (3 non small cell lung cancer [NSCLC], 3 small cell lung cancer [SCLC], 3 radioiodine negative thyroid cancer, 2 medullary thyroid cancer [MTC]) were investigated. After intravenous injection of 75-150 MBq (68)Ga-DOTA-LAN dynamic studies were acquired over the tumor site for the first 40 min with a dedicated PET scanner in 3 patients, and 2 partial body scans were acquired at 20 and 50 min p.i. in 2 patients. Whole body acquisitions at 90 min after injection were acquired in all 11 patients. Image reconstruction was performed by iterative reconstruction utilizing additional transmission scans for attenuation correction. Vital parameters were recorded during the PET study and up to 24 h p.i. Blood and urinary sampling was done up to 4 hr after tracer injection in 8 patients. PET results were compared to conventional imaging techniques (CIT), i.e. computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In 5 patients, (68)Ga-DOTA-LAN was compared with 2-[(18)F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ((18)F-FDG)., Results: After intravenous (i.v.) injection of (68)Ga-DOTA-LAN the radioactivity in the blood rapidly decreased to less then 20% of the injected dose (ID) within the first 20 min and further decreased to less than 9% ID after 4 h. A cumulative urinary excretion of (68)Ga-DOTA-LAN up to 29.2 + or - 13.2% ID at 4 h was found. No acute side effects were observed. Tumor sites were visualized already during the first min after injection. Comparison of positron emission tomography (PET) and CIT showed concordant results in 3/8 patients and partial concordant results in 5/8 patients with matched results for the primary/recurrent tumor, mediastinal lymph nodes, or adrenal gland metastases. Partial concordant results were seen for the lung, bone, liver and cervical lymph node metastases. Micronodular metastases of the lung and the cerebrum were not visualized by (68)Ga-DOTA-LAN PET. The maximal standardized uptake values of the lung and bone tumor lesions ranged from 6 to 8 g/ml at 90 min p.i.., Conclusions: (68)Ga-DOTA-LAN visualized the majority of tumor lesions. Further studies are required to assess the clinical value, and to obtain the best imaging protocol of this new PET SSTR tracer.

Published
2010

29. 68Ga-DOTA-Tyr3-octreotide PET for assessing response to somatostatin-receptor-mediated radionuclide therapy.

Author

Gabriel M, Oberauer A, Dobrozemsky G, Decristoforo C, Putzer D, Kendler D, Uprimny C, Kovacs P, Bale R, and Virgolini IJ

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Neuroendocrine Tumors metabolism, Octreotide pharmacokinetics, Octreotide therapeutic use, Organometallic Compounds pharmacokinetics, Prognosis, Radiopharmaceuticals pharmacokinetics, Radiopharmaceuticals therapeutic use, Receptors, Somatostatin metabolism, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Treatment Outcome, Neuroendocrine Tumors diagnostic imaging, Neuroendocrine Tumors radiotherapy, Octreotide analogs & derivatives, Organometallic Compounds therapeutic use, Positron-Emission Tomography methods
Abstract

Unlabelled: (68)Ga-labeled 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N'',N'''-tetraacetic acid-d-Phe(1)-Tyr(3)-octreotide (DOTA-TOC) PET has proven its usefulness in the diagnosis of patients with neuroendocrine tumors. Radionuclide therapy ((90)Y-DOTA-TOC or (177)Lu-DOTA-octreotate) is a choice of treatment that also requires an accurate diagnostic modality for early evaluation of treatment response. Our study compared (68)Ga-DOTA-TOC PET with CT or MRI using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. Furthermore, standardized uptake values (SUVs) were calculated and compared with treatment outcome., Methods: Forty-six patients (29 men, 17 women; age range, 34-84 y) with advanced neuroendocrine tumors were investigated before and after 2-7 cycles of radionuclide therapy. Long-acting somatostatin analogs were not applied for at least 6 wk preceding the follow-up. Data were acquired with a dedicated PET scanner. Emission image sets were acquired at 90-100 min after injection. (68)Ga-DOTA-TOC PET images were visually interpreted by 2 experienced nuclear medicine physicians. For comparison, multislice helical CT scans and 1.5-T MRI scans were obtained. Attenuation-corrected PET images were used to determine SUVs. Repeated CT evaluation and other imaging modalities, for example, (18)F-FDG, were used as the reference standard., Results: According to the reference standard, (68)Ga-DOTA-TOC PET and CT showed a concordant result in 32 patients (70%). In the remaining 14 patients (30%), discrepancies were observed, with a final outcome of progressive disease in 9 patients and remission in 5 patients. (68)Ga-DOTA-TOC PET was correct in 10 patients (21.7%), including 5 patients with progressive disease. In these patients, metastatic spread was detected with the follow-up whole-body PET but was missed when concomitant CT was used. On the other hand, CT confirmed small pulmonary metastases not detected on (68)Ga-DOTA-TOC in 1 patient and progressive liver disease not detected on (68)Ga-DOTA-TOC in 3 patients. Quantitative SUV analysis of individual tumor lesions showed a large range of variability., Conclusion: (68)Ga-DOTA-TOC PET shows no advantage over conventional anatomic imaging for assessing response to therapy when all CT information obtained during follow-up is compared. Only the development of new metastases during therapy was detected earlier in some cases when whole-body PET was used. SUV analysis of individual lesions is of no additional value in predicting individual responses to therapy.

Published
2009
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30. Bone metastases in patients with neuroendocrine tumor: 68Ga-DOTA-Tyr3-octreotide PET in comparison to CT and bone scintigraphy.

Author

Putzer D, Gabriel M, Henninger B, Kendler D, Uprimny C, Dobrozemsky G, Decristoforo C, Bale RJ, Jaschke W, and Virgolini IJ

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Radiopharmaceuticals pharmacokinetics, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Bone Neoplasms diagnosis, Bone Neoplasms secondary, Neuroendocrine Tumors diagnosis, Neuroendocrine Tumors secondary, Octreotide analogs & derivatives, Organometallic Compounds, Positron-Emission Tomography methods, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods
Abstract

Unlabelled: Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy is an accurate imaging modality for the diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumor. Because detection of distant metastases has a major impact on treatment, early diagnosis of metastatic spread is of great importance. So far, no standard procedure has become established for the early diagnosis of bone metastases from neuroendocrine tumor. We compared the diagnostic value of CT with that of the novel somatostatin analog (68)Ga-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N'',N'''-tetraacetic acid-d-Phe(1)-Tyr(3)-octreotide ((68)Ga-DOTATOC) in the detection of such metastases., Methods: Fifty-one patients (22 women and 29 men; age range, 32-87 y) with histologically verified neuroendocrine tumor were included in this study. PET scans were fused with CT scans using a vacuum fixation device. (18)F-NaF or (99m)Tc-dicarboxypropane diphosphonate bone scans or clinical follow-up served as the reference standard., Results: Twelve of the 51 patients had no evidence of bone metastases on any of the available imaging modalities, and 37 patients had (68)Ga-DOTATOC PET results true-positive for bone metastases. (68)Ga-DOTATOC PET results were true-negative for 12 patients, false-positive for one, and false-negative for another, resulting in a sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 92%. (68)Ga-DOTATOC PET detected bone metastases at a significantly higher rate than did CT (P < 0.001). Furthermore, conventional bone scans confirmed the results of somatostatin receptor PET but did not reveal additional tumors in any patients., Conclusion: (68)Ga-DOTATOC PET is a reliable, novel method for the early detection of bone metastases in patients with neuroendocrine tumor. Our results show that CT and conventional bone scintigraphy are less accurate than (68)Ga-DOTATOC PET in the primary staging or restaging of neuroendocrine tumor.

Published
2009
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31. Imaging of adrenocortical metastases with [11C]metomidate.

Author

Mitterhauser M, Dobrozemsky G, Zettinig G, Wadsak W, Vierhapper H, Dudczak R, and Kletter K

Subjects
Humans, Image Enhancement methods, Lung Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local diagnosis, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local diagnostic imaging, Radionuclide Imaging, Radiopharmaceuticals, Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Adrenocortical Carcinoma diagnostic imaging, Adrenocortical Carcinoma secondary, Etomidate analogs & derivatives, Gastrointestinal Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Gastrointestinal Neoplasms secondary, Lung Neoplasms secondary
Published
2006
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32. 11C-acetate positron emission tomography imaging and image fusion with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in patients with recurrent prostate cancer.

Author

Wachter S, Tomek S, Kurtaran A, Wachter-Gerstner N, Djavan B, Becherer A, Mitterhauser M, Dobrozemsky G, Li S, Pötter R, Dudczak R, and Kletter K

Subjects
Acetates, Adenocarcinoma diagnostic imaging, Adenocarcinoma secondary, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Carbon Radioisotopes, Feasibility Studies, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local pathology, Prostatectomy, Prostatic Neoplasms pathology, Prostatic Neoplasms radiotherapy, Prostatic Neoplasms surgery, Retrospective Studies, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local diagnostic imaging, Positron-Emission Tomography methods, Prostatic Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Abstract

Purpose: To assess the clinical value of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) image fusion with 11C-acetate (AC) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging for detection and exact location of clinically occult recurrences., Patients and Methods: Fifty prostate cancer patients with elevated/increasing serum prostate-specific antigen levels after radical therapy underwent whole-body AC PET. Uptake was initially interpreted as normal, abnormal, or equivocal. In case of abnormal or equivocal uptake, additional conventional imaging techniques, such as CT, MRI, and bone scans, were performed. To precisely define the anatomic location of abnormal uptake and to improve characterization of equivocal lesions, a software-assisted image fusion (CT-PET, MRI-PET) was performed and evaluated as site-by-site analysis of 51 abnormal (n = 37) or equivocal (n = 14) sites of all 50 patients. In 17 patients, additional histopathologic evaluation was available., Results: In five (10%), 13 (26%), and 32 (64%) of the 50 patients, AC PET studies demonstrated AC uptake judged as normal, equivocal, and abnormal, respectively. Image fusion changed characterization of equivocal lesions as normal in five (10%) of 51 sites and abnormal in nine (18%) of 51 sites. It precisely defined the anatomic location of abnormal uptake in 37 (73%) of 51 sites. AC PET findings did influence patient management in 14 (28%) of 50 patients., Conclusion: Retrospective fusion of AC PET and CT/MRI is feasible and seems to be essential for final diagnosis. This is particularly true in patients with AC uptake in the prostate region.

Published
2006
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33. [Evaluation of the performance of a gamma camera equipped with a 5/8" versus 1" thick NaI detector].

Author

Schaffarich P, Dobrozemsky G, Dudczak R, and Bergmann H

Subjects
Equipment Design, Humans, Phantoms, Imaging, Positron-Emission Tomography, Radionuclide Imaging methods, Gamma Cameras, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon instrumentation, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon methods
Abstract

The upgrade of a gamma camera from a 5/8" to a 1" thick crystal, the latter with StarBrite technology, prompted to the investigation of changes in performance parameters for planar scintigraphy and SPECT as well as for PET in coincidence mode. For planar and SPECT parameters, the performance was measured according to NEMA Standard Protocol NU1-2001. No changes were found in terms of intrinsic uniformity, intrinsic spatial resolution, linearity, energy resolution, system resolution, and tomographic system resolution. The only change was an increase of system sensitivity for higher energy gamma rays. For the PET scanner in coincidence mode, the image quality of the camera was determined according to NEMA NU2-2001. Visually and in terms of contrast values there was a significant improvement of image quality. Changes in image quality relevant for clinical use were tested by evaluation of planar patient scans acquired within a short time with two gamma cameras of the same type, different only in crystal thickness (5/8" and 1"). No statistically significant difference was found between corresponding scans. For planar and SPECT imaging, the gamma camera with 1" thick detector and StarBrite technology demonstrated the same performance of a camera with a 5/8" crystal. For PET in coincidence mode the new detector proved clearly superior.

Published
2006
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34. Combined PET and microdialysis for in vivo assessment of intracellular drug pharmacokinetics in humans.

Author

Langer O, Karch R, Müller U, Dobrozemsky G, Abrahim A, Zeitlinger M, Lackner E, Joukhadar C, Dudczak R, Kletter K, Müller M, and Brunner M

Subjects
Adult, Ciprofloxacin therapeutic use, Computer Simulation, Fluorine Radioisotopes pharmacokinetics, Fluorine Radioisotopes therapeutic use, Humans, Intracellular Fluid metabolism, Kinetics, Male, Metabolic Clearance Rate, Muscle, Skeletal diagnostic imaging, Organ Specificity, Tissue Distribution, Algorithms, Ciprofloxacin pharmacokinetics, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted methods, Microdialysis methods, Models, Biological, Muscle, Skeletal metabolism, Positron-Emission Tomography methods
Abstract

Unlabelled: Because many drugs possess an intracellular site of action, the knowledge of intracellular concentration-time profiles is desirable. In the present study, PET, which measures total (i.e., intracellular, extracellular, and intravascular) concentrations of radiolabeled drugs in tissue, and microdialysis, which determines unbound drug concentrations in the extracellular space fluid of tissue, were combined to describe the intracellular pharmacokinetics of a model compound--that is, the (18)F-labeled antibiotic (18)F-ciprofloxacin--in vivo in humans., Methods: Ten healthy male volunteers received a mixture of 687 +/- 50 MBq of (18)F-ciprofloxacin and 200 mg of unlabeled ciprofloxacin as an intravenous bolus infusion over 10 min. The pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin in skeletal muscle tissue were assessed by means of combined PET and in vivo microdialysis for 5 h after drug administration. A 3-compartment pharmacokinetic model was fitted to the tissue concentration-time profiles of ciprofloxacin measured by PET to estimate the rate constants of ciprofloxacin uptake and transport., Results: In muscle tissue, mean total and extracellular peak concentration (C(max)) values of ciprofloxacin of 1.8 +/- 0.4 microg/mL and 0.7 +/- 0.2 microg/mL were attained at 95 +/- 34 min and 48 +/- 20 min after drug administration, respectively. The extracellular-to-intracellular exchange appeared to be very fast, with an estimated rate constant k(3) of 1.69 +/- 0.25 min(-1). An intracellular-to-extracellular concentration ratio (C(intra)/C(extra)) of 3.2 +/- 0.8 was reached at 110 min after injection and followed by sustained intracellular retention of the antibiotic for the remainder of the experiment. The predicted extracellular concentration-time profiles from the compartmental modeling were in good agreement with the measured microdialysis data., Conclusion: The results obtained in the present study were in accordance with previous in vitro data describing cellular ciprofloxacin uptake and retention. The presently used PET/microdialysis combination might be useful during research and development of new drugs, for which knowledge of intracellular concentrations is of interest.

Published
2005

35. Influence of functional haplotypes in the drug transporter gene ABCB1 on central nervous system drug distribution in humans.

Author

Brunner M, Langer O, Sunder-Plassmann R, Dobrozemsky G, Müller U, Wadsak W, Krcal A, Karch R, Mannhalter C, Dudczak R, Kletter K, Steiner I, Baumgartner C, and Müller M

Subjects
Adult, Area Under Curve, Carbon Radioisotopes administration & dosage, Carbon Radioisotopes pharmacokinetics, Case-Control Studies, Central Nervous System Agents administration & dosage, Double-Blind Method, Haplotypes, Humans, Injections, Intravenous, Male, Positron-Emission Tomography, Tissue Distribution, Verapamil administration & dosage, Central Nervous System metabolism, Central Nervous System Agents pharmacokinetics, Genes, MDR, Verapamil pharmacokinetics
Abstract

Background and Objective: Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the human multidrug-resistance gene ABCB1 have been reported to be associated with altered expression and function of P-glycoprotein, an efflux transporter, expressed at the blood-brain barrier. To test whether certain ABCB1 haplotypes contribute to interindividual differences in central nervous system drug distribution, brain distribution of a model P-glycoprotein substrate, the calcium channel inhibitor verapamil, was measured by positron emission tomography (PET) in 2 groups of healthy volunteers., Methods: Ten homozygous carriers (cases) of the TTT haplotype (3435T, 1236T, and 2677T) and 10 controls homozygous for the wild-type CGC haplotype (3435C, 2677G, and 1236C) were administered a mean intravenous bolus of 412 +/- 114 MBq carbon 11-labeled verapamil containing less than 15 nmol of unlabeled verapamil. PET imaging of brain tissue and venous blood sampling were performed for 1 hour after dosing., Results: As a measure of brain penetration, the ratio of PET area under the time-radioactivity curve (AUC) to plasma AUC was calculated from time-radioactivity curves, with a mean ratio of 1.1 +/- 0.3 (SD) (95% confidence interval, 0.9-1.3) for cases and 1.1 +/- 0.2 (95% confidence interval, 0.9-1.2) for controls, respectively (P = .96). Mean brain AUC values were 31.2 +/- 3.9 and 35.7 +/- 5.7 for the TTT and CGC haplotype, respectively (P = .11). Plasma AUCs were not significantly different., Conclusion: No difference in the brain distribution of [(11)C]verapamil could be detected in healthy volunteers differing in ABCB1 haplotypes.

Published
2005
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36. An inter-laboratory comparison study of image quality of PET scanners using the NEMA NU 2-2001 procedure for assessment of image quality.

Author

Bergmann H, Dobrozemsky G, Minear G, Nicoletti R, and Samal M

Subjects
Austria, Guidelines as Topic, Humans, Reference Standards, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Image Enhancement instrumentation, Image Enhancement standards, Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Phantoms, Imaging standards, Positron-Emission Tomography instrumentation, Positron-Emission Tomography standards, Quality Assurance, Health Care methods, Quality Assurance, Health Care standards
Abstract

An inter-laboratory comparison study was conducted to assess the image quality of PET scanners in Austria. The survey included both dedicated PET scanners (D-PET, n = 8) and coincidence cameras (GC-PET, n = 7). Measurement of image quality was based on the NEMA (National Electrical Manufacturers Association) NU 2-2001 protocol and the IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) body phantom. The latter contains six fillable spheres ranging in diameter from 37 mm down to 10 mm and a 'lung' insert. The two largest lesions L1-2 simulate cold lesions, the four smaller ones (L3-6) are filled with 18F and activity concentration ratios relative to background of 8:1 and 4:1, respectively. Acquisition and reconstruction in the study employed the participating institutes' standard oncological processing protocol. Calculation of contrast of the spheres was performed with a fully automated procedure. Contrast quality indices (CQIs) reflecting global performance were obtained by summing individual contrast values. Other image quality parameters calculated according to the NEMA protocol were background variability and relative error for correction of attenuation and scatter. Contrast values obtained were 61 +/- 16 and 37 +/- 14 for L1 (per cent contrast +/- SD for D-PET and GC-PET, respectively), 57 +/- 16 and 29 +/- 16 for L2, 46 +/- 10 and 26 +/- 6.3 for L3, 37 +/- 10 and 15 +/- 4.3 for L4, 26 +/- 11.5 and 6.1 +/- 2.5 for L5, 14 +/- 7.1 and 2.6 +/- 2.6 for L6, with D-PET systems consistently being superior to GC-PET systems. CQIs permitted ranking of the scanners, also demonstrating a clear distinction between D-PET and GC-PET systems. Background variability was largest for GC-PET systems; the relative error of attenuation and scatter correction was significantly correlated with image quality for D-PET systems only. The study demonstrated considerable differences in image quality not only between GC-PET and D-PET systems but also between individual D-PET systems with possible consequences for clinical interpretation of images and measurement of quantitative indices such as the standardized uptake value. The study provided valuable feedback to the participants as well as baseline data for improving interchangeability of PET images and of quantitative indices between different laboratories.

Published
2005
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37. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of [18F]ciprofloxacin for the imaging of bacterial infections with PET.

Author

Langer O, Brunner M, Zeitlinger M, Ziegler S, Müller U, Dobrozemsky G, Lackner E, Joukhadar C, Mitterhauser M, Wadsak W, Minar E, Dudczak R, Kletter K, and Müller M

Subjects
Aged, Female, Fluorine Radioisotopes pharmacokinetics, Humans, Male, Metabolic Clearance Rate, Positron-Emission Tomography methods, Radiopharmaceuticals pharmacokinetics, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Bacterial Infections diagnostic imaging, Bacterial Infections metabolism, Ciprofloxacin pharmacokinetics, Escherichia coli metabolism
Abstract

Purpose: The suitability of the 18F-labelled fluoroquinolone antibiotic ciprofloxacin ([18F]ciprofloxacin) for imaging of bacterial infections with positron emission tomography (PET) was assessed in vitro and in vivo., Methods: For the in vitro experiments, suspensions of various E. coli strains were incubated with different concentrations of [18F]ciprofloxacin (0.01-5.0 microg/ml) and radioactivity retention was measured in a gamma counter. For the in vivo experiments, 725 +/- 9 MBq [18F]ciprofloxacin was injected intravenously into four patients with microbiologically proven bacterial soft tissue infections of the lower extremities and time-radioactivity curves were recorded in infected and uninfected tissue for 5 h after tracer injection., Results: Binding of [18F]ciprofloxacin to bacterial cells was rapid, non-saturable and readily reversible. Moreover, bacterial binding of the agent was similar in ciprofloxacin-resistant and ciprofloxacin-susceptible clinical isolates. These findings suggest that non-specific binding rather than specific binding to bacterial type II topoisomerase enzymes is the predominant mechanism of bacterial retention of the radiotracer. PET studies in the four patients with microbiologically proven bacterial soft tissue infections demonstrated locally increased radioactivity uptake in infected tissue, with peak ratios between infected and uninfected tissue ranging from 1.8 to 5.5. Radioactivity was not retained in infected tissue and appeared to wash out with a similar elimination half-life as in uninfected tissue, suggesting that the kinetics of [18F]ciprofloxacin in infected tissue are governed by increased blood flow and vascular permeability due to local infection rather than by a binding process., Conclusion: Taken together, our results indicate that [18F]ciprofloxacin is not suited as a bacteria-specific infection imaging agent for PET.

Published
2005
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38. [18F]Ciprofloxacin, a new positron emission tomography tracer for noninvasive assessment of the tissue distribution and pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin in humans.

Author

Brunner M, Langer O, Dobrozemsky G, Müller U, Zeitlinger M, Mitterhauser M, Wadsak W, Dudczak R, Kletter K, and Müller M

Subjects
Adult, Anti-Bacterial Agents blood, Brain diagnostic imaging, Brain metabolism, Ciprofloxacin blood, Fluorine Radioisotopes, Half-Life, Humans, Male, Positron-Emission Tomography, Quality Control, Radiopharmaceuticals blood, Tissue Distribution, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacokinetics, Ciprofloxacin pharmacokinetics, Radiopharmaceuticals pharmacokinetics
Abstract

The biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of the fluorine-18-labeled fluoroquinolone antibiotic [(18)F]ciprofloxacin in tissue were studied noninvasively in humans by means of positron emission tomography (PET). Special attention was paid to characterizing the distribution of [(18)F]ciprofloxacin to select target tissues. Healthy volunteers (n = 12) were orally pretreated for 5 days with therapeutic doses of unlabeled ciprofloxacin. On day 6, subjects received a tracer dose (mean injected amount, 700 +/- 55 MBq, which contained about 0.6 mg of unlabeled ciprofloxacin) of [(18)F]ciprofloxacin as an intravenous bolus. Thereafter, PET imaging and venous blood sampling were initiated. Time-radioactivity curves were measured for liver, kidney, lung, heart, spleen, skeletal muscle, and brain tissues for up to 6 h after radiotracer administration. The first application of [(18)F]ciprofloxacin in humans has demonstrated the safety and utility of the newly developed radiotracer for pharmacokinetic PET imaging of the tissue ciprofloxacin distribution. Two different tissue compartments of radiotracer distribution could be identified. The first compartment including the kidney, heart, and spleen, from which the radiotracer was washed out relatively quickly (half-lives [t(1/2)s], 68, 57, and 106 min, respectively). The second compartment comprised liver, muscle, and lung tissue, which displayed prolonged radiotracer retention (t(1/2), >130 min). The highest concentrations of radioactivity were measured in the liver and kidney, the main organs of excretion (standardized uptake values [SUVs], 4.9 +/- 1.0 and 9.9 +/- 4.4, respectively). The brain radioactivity concentrations were very low (<1 kBq. g(-1)) and could therefore not be quantified. Transformation of SUVs into absolute concentrations (in micrograms per milliliter) allowed us to relate the concentrations at the target site to the susceptibilities of bacterial pathogens. In this way, the frequent use of ciprofloxacin for the treatment of a variety of infections could be corroborated.

Published
2004
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39. Detection of extranodal lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue-type in the thyroid gland using combined x ray computed tomography/single-photon emission computed tomography technology: a case report.

Author

Fiebiger W, Kienast O, Dobrozemsky G, Dudczak R, Raderer M, and Kurtaran A

Subjects
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone diagnosis, Thyroid Neoplasms diagnosis, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon instrumentation, Tomography, X-Ray Computed instrumentation
Published
2004
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40. [Hybrid imaging for endocrine diseases: new perspectives].

Author

Kainberger F, Kurtaran A, Kienast O, Dobrozemsky G, Czerny C, and Kletter K

Subjects
Endocrine System Diseases etiology, Humans, Sensitivity and Specificity, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon, Endocrine System Diseases diagnosis, Image Enhancement, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Positron-Emission Tomography, Tomography, Spiral Computed
Abstract

Hybrid Imaging, also termed dual modality imaging, is the technique of fusionizing and interpreting images, that are gained from two different modalities constructed in one unit. Therefore, hybrid imaging may be regarded as a form of image fusion. Clinical applications in the field of endocrinology are the localization of neuroendocrine tumors and of lesions of the adrenal or the parathyroid glands. Significant diagnostic impact can be gained with this technique influencing the certainty of radiological reports.

Published
2003

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