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Although there has been an increased focus on ethnic diversity in eating-disorder and body-image research, a gap exists in body image programs specifically designed for Latine women. To create programs that are culturally sensitive and relevant, it is important to first understand factors that contribute to Latine women's conceptualizations of body image. Drawing upon open-ended semi-structured interviews with Latine women (N=19, M age =20, SD age =1.74), the objective of the current study was to explore Latine women's perceptions of the factors contributing to positive and negative body image. Employing a constructivist grounded theoretical approach, verbatim interview transcripts were analyzed using an iterative, multi-phased inductive process. The results are organized around two themes: Latine women's experiences with negative body image and their experiences with positive body image. Three subthemes were identified reflecting participants' experiences with negative body image: appearance standards imposed on Latine women, complex relationship with food, and communication challenges. Five subthemes emerged from the interviews to capture Latine women's experiences with positive body image: reframing body ideals, reframing relationships with food, community support, seeking out representation, and focus on body functionality. These findings may inform future body image program cultural adaptation efforts by integrating cultural aspects of negative and positive body image., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Objective: The association between eating disorders (EDs) and harmful substance use (substance use that causes psychosocial impairment) is well recognized in the literature, and military veterans may be at heightened risk for both issues due to deployment-related stressors. However, little is known about which ED-related symptoms are associated with harmful substance use in veterans, and whether gender plays a differential role in this relationship. Our aims were to: (1) examine gender differences in ED-related symptoms; and (2) examine whether ED-related symptoms differentially predict harmful substance use in US veteran men and women who had recently separated from service., Method: This study was based on a nationally representative four-wave longitudinal sample of post-9/11 veterans (N = 835; 61.2% female). Longitudinal mixed modeling was used to test whether specific ED-related behaviors at baseline predicted harmful substance use at follow-ups., Results: We replicated gendered patterns of ED-related symptoms observed in civilian populations, wherein men had higher weight-and-body-related concerns (including excessive exercise and muscle building) and negative attitude toward obesity, and women had higher bulimic and restricting symptoms. For women, alcohol, drug, and marijuana problems were predicted by higher bulimic symptoms, whereas for men, these problems were predicted by higher restricting symptoms., Conclusion: Gender played a differential role in the relationship between EDs and harmful substance use. Bulimic symptoms were the most robust predictor for harmful substance use among veteran women, whereas restricting was the most robust predictor for harmful substance use among veteran men., Public Significance: The current study found that veteran women had higher bulimic symptoms (characterized by binge eating and purging) and restricting than veteran men. In women, bulimic symptoms predicted future harmful use of alcohol, marijuana, and other drugs. In contrast, veteran men had higher weight-and-body-related concerns (characterized by excessive exercise and muscle building) than veteran women. In men, restricting symptoms predicted future harmful use of alcohol, marijuana, and other drugs., (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

A major limitation of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies is the poor persistence of these cells in vivo 1 . The expression of memory-associated genes in CAR T cells is linked to their long-term persistence in patients and clinical efficacy 2-6 , suggesting that memory programs may underpin durable CAR T cell function. Here we show that the transcription factor FOXO1 is responsible for promoting memory and restraining exhaustion in human CAR T cells. Pharmacological inhibition or gene editing of endogenous FOXO1 diminished the expression of memory-associated genes, promoted an exhaustion-like phenotype and impaired the antitumour activity of CAR T cells. Overexpression of FOXO1 induced a gene-expression program consistent with T cell memory and increased chromatin accessibility at FOXO1-binding motifs. CAR T cells that overexpressed FOXO1 retained their function, memory potential and metabolic fitness in settings of chronic stimulation, and exhibited enhanced persistence and tumour control in vivo. By contrast, overexpression of TCF1 (encoded by TCF7) did not enforce canonical memory programs or enhance the potency of CAR T cells. Notably, FOXO1 activity correlated with positive clinical outcomes of patients treated with CAR T cells or tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes, underscoring the clinical relevance of FOXO1 in cancer immunotherapy. Our results show that overexpressing FOXO1 can increase the antitumour activity of human CAR T cells, and highlight memory reprogramming as a broadly applicable approach for optimizing therapeutic T cell states., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Objective: Georgia's House Bill 481: The Living Infants Fairness and Equality Act (LIFE Act), which prohibits abortion after cardiac activity is detected, was signed into law on May 7, 2019. The bill's proponents framed the ban to protect the "unborn." However, less is known about the framing used by abortion rights supporters to oppose the bill in the context of social media. The aim of this study is to systematically examine the content of Twitter to investigate how users organically engaged in activism in response to the passage of HB 481. We contend that understanding this opposition is critical for activists, healthcare providers, and policymakers interested in mobilizing public support for maintaining legal access to abortion care., Methods: A coding team of 6 researchers conducted a combined a priori and iterative thematic content analysis of 583 #HB481 tweets to systematically examine how social media users framed their responses to HB 481. Tweets were coded for full group consensus., Results: Opposition to HB 481 was framed around three major themes: mobilizing political action, emphasizing a collective gender identity, and general rejection of the bill. Fourteen subthemes are contained in these major themes, which reflect the nuanced and multifaceted ways abortion rights supporters presented their opposition to the bill., Conclusion: Twitter users invoked emotional reactions and drew on their experiences to promote a collective identity that called attention to systemic gender oppression and urged widespread mobilization to oppose HB 481., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Background/Aim . Developing a comprehensive prevention strategy requires a coordinated effort among campus stakeholders. Creating a campus sexual assault prevention task force consisting of key stakeholders is a way to ensure coordinated and sustainable prevention efforts. Understanding how to convene and maintain an effective campus prevention task force is important. However, there is little literature offering such guidance. In this article, we present the facilitators, barriers, and lessons learned from creating a campus sexual assault prevention task force in seven Midwestern postsecondary institutions. Method . Our data come from interviews with 25 key stakeholders, representing seven Midwestern postsecondary institutions. Questions focused on the perceived strengths and capacity to form a campus prevention task force, barriers, current campus knowledge, and attitudes toward sexual assault, current institutional support for prevention efforts, and current prevention programing. Results . Main barriers to developing a task force included (a) limited capacity, (b) lack of knowledge, (c) limited student engagement, and (d) bureaucratic structure. Facilitators included (a) strong interpersonal relationships, (b) a positive campus culture, and (c) preexisting programing.

daf-16 /FoxO is required to survive starvation in Caenorhabditis elegans , but how daf-16I FoxO promotes starvation resistance is unclear. We show that daf-16 /FoxO restructures carbohydrate metabolism by driving carbon flux through the glyoxylate shunt and gluconeogenesis and into synthesis of trehalose, a disaccharide of glucose. Trehalose is a well-known stress protectant, capable of preserving membrane organization and protein structure during abiotic stress. Metabolomic, genetic, and pharmacological analyses confirm increased trehalose synthesis and further show that trehalose not only supports survival as a stress protectant but also serves as a glycolytic input. Furthermore, we provide evidence that metabolic cycling between trehalose and glucose is necessary for this dual function of trehalose. This work demonstrates that daf-16 /FoxO promotes starvation resistance by shifting carbon metabolism to drive trehalose synthesis, which in turn supports survival by providing an energy source and acting as a stress protectant.