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Title: Changes in the size of market values of foreign players in selected European competitions. Objectives: The changes in the market values of foreign players will be observed in ten consecutive seasons starting from 2011/12. The top football competitions from the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Austria, Poland and Hungary will be examined. Based on the results obtained, the best transfer station, or environment in which a player can prove his qualities and then move up in his career, will be determined. Method: The unit difference of all players in thousands of euros was calculated. Then the average changes of all players in each season were calculated for each country separately. The same procedure was repeated in percentages to determine the real change. For a better idea, both these values were graphically recorded. Results: The values achieved by the players in this competition were many times higher than in the other competitions. Compared to the Czech Republic on average across seasons, the result in unit terms is more than six times higher. In terms of percentage change across seasons, the measured values are more than three times higher. Poland recorded the second largest unit average growth across seasons. However, the Czech Republic is better in percentage growth across seasons. For the...

The possibility of endovenous laser coagulation using Ti-containing optothermal fiber converters (TOTFC) is discussed. Optical and thermal models have been developed to estimate the distribution of radiation and temperature in the vein during endovenous laser coagulation when using TOTFC for 532 nm, 810 nm, 980 nm, 1064 nm, 1310 nm, 1470 nm, 1910 nm and 2100 nm wavelengths. Radiation intensity distributions around the TOTFC and on the vessel wall were obtained and evaluated. The absorbance efficiency of laser energy with different wavelengths for TOTFC has been calculated. As a result of the thermal calculation, for different wavelengths, average laser power from 8 to 15 W with traction speed from 1 to 7 mm/s, the thermodynamics of the blood vessel wall and TOTFC was determined. During endovenous laser coagulation temperature inside TOTFC exceeds 500°C. The optimal combinations of average laser power and titanium-containing converter traction speed are defined for coagulation of the vein wall.

Background: The Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS) is a valid instrument to measure diabetes distress included in American Diabetes Association and Canadian Diabetes Association guidelines but not available in Vietnamese. This study translated and culturally adapted the DDS to assess diabetes distress of Vietnamese type 2 diabetics and evaluated its internal consistency, face and content validity. Methods: The translation process followed standard guidelines for adaptation of an instrument: forward translation, back translation, synthesis, evaluation by an expert panel and pretest. The expert panel included three English specialists as linguistic experts and six content experts in multidisciplinary areas relevant to the study. The pretest was conducted on a sample of 31 type 2 diabetics in the Endocrinology outpatient clinic at Trung Vuong hospital. Content validity was determined based on experts’ concurrence using content validity index for items (I-CVI). Face validity is assessed by participants in pretest. Internal consistency was measured using Cronbach’s alpha. Results: Final version was equivalent with the original English version and easy to understand. I-CVI of 17 items were 1.00 in linguistic experts and greater than 0.83 in content experts. All 31 participants involved in the pretest commented that the items were very clear and acceptable regarding their socioeconomic background. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.76 – 0.93 for each subscale and 0.94 for the overall. Conclusion: Vietnamese version of the DDS was reliable, face and content-valid to assess diabetes distress in type 2 diabetics among Vietnamese.

The fingerprinting method needs many data, but it has problems with slow speed of data processing and unstable accuracy. This paper aims to propose algorithms to increase the speed and accuracy for indoor positioning systems by affinity propagation clustering method combined with the selection of APs. The algorithms have been tested in real environments. Experimental results have shown that the effectiveness depends on each scenario; however, the clustering method combined with the selection of APs has also a certain effect.

As a result of the development of streaming data systems, a huge number of continuous queries from users on those systems should be managed efficiently. Recent proposed methods mostly focus on handling problems of system performance that can be degraded by overloading server and the bottle neck problem of the wireless network. Specially, continuously updating reports when objects change positions may consume battery energy of mobile devices significantly. In this paper, we propose an efficient method to manage continuous queries for streaming data of mobile objects in GPS as well as Indoor positioning systems. Our idea is to use indices and in-memory data structures for objects, queries together in order to reduce cost of communication, updates on servers and battery burden of mobile device. But the method still supports the most types of queries as possibly. Our experiments show that the proposed method can manage continuous queries in large number quickly and efficiently in a wireless environment.

Today, the XML is used as data storage for complex data models like bioinformatics information. A bioinformatics system deals with large data sets and complex queries. Thus, it is necessary to have accessing methods for XML data. XPath is a method to quickly locate any information that we need in an XML (tree) data starting from the context node in a root node to subtrees. In this paper, we propose a system model to store XML data more efficiently and also an improved indexing method to support Xpath queries. In the system model, we integrated big data model with relational data model in order to get benefit from both of them. The new indexing method is an improvement of R-tree that helps Xpath queries run more efficiently in some axes. Our experiments showed that the proposed method gains better results for node queries compared to the R-tree in transformed XML data. Our method is intended to apply to phylogenetic queries of Treefam databases.

Soil moisture is a very important boundary parameter in numerical weather prediction at different spatial and temporal scales, controlling the exchange of water and energy between the atmosphere and land surface. Satellite-based microwave radiometric observations are considered to be the best for soil moisture remote sensing because of their high sensitivity, as well as their all-weather and day–night observation capabilities with high repeativity. In this study, an attempt has been made to assess the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer--Earth Observing System AMSR-EOS soil moisture product over India. The AMSR-E soil moisture product has been assessed using in situ soil moisture observations made by the India Meteorological Department IMD during the monsoon period May–August for the years 2002–2006 over 18 meteorological stations. Apart from assessing AMSR-E soil moisture retrieval accuracy, this study also investigates the effect of vegetation, topography and coastal water contamination, and determines the regions where the AMSR-E soil moisture product could be useful for different applications.

Robots manipulators are multibody systems with tree structures. In this paper the theoretical background of the computer program RobotDyn is presented. The program is developed using Lagrange's equations and Denavit-Hartenberg matrix. The dynamic simulation of the Robot SCARA with four degrees of freedom is considered as an example of application of the program RobotDyn.

Indexing methods that manage current states of moving objects in a database are confronted with keeping their indexes up to date. Numerous objects that move continuously can invoke many their updates at a time constantly. R-tree based indexing methods promise to be efficient and easy to be implemented and deployed to real applications. Nevertheless, recent updating improvements for R-tree have been not either designed or appropriate to a moving object environment. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a ONCE-Updating approach applied for indexing methods developed from the R-tree. The idea is that instead of incurring the high cost of updating an indexed data on many new states at a timestamp one by one, an indexing method can easily update the data on all the states just once. In our experiments, in addition to much improving update performance, the approach even increases quality of queries extracted from indexed data. This approach can be used to support methods managing data from traffic surveillance systems.