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There has been a growing interest, especially among Emirati organizations concerned with family development, in the rising rates of early divorce in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The purpose of this research is to identify the reasons for early divorce among Emiratis. The authors selected 2,162 Emirati early divorcees who were registered with the Family Development Foundation (FDF) in Abu Dhabi and who received services from the (FDF) between 2012 and 2018. Among those, 200 divorcees agreed to participate in this study. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS. Results found that the most common reasons for early divorce were the lack of marital relations, partners' bad behavior, and domestic violence. Other reasons frequently quoted by the participants included the partner's personality type, health issues, and the partner's physical appearance. Findings will offer useful guidelines to the policymakers, service providers, social workers, and experts to improve the national-level family support interventions to prevent early divorce. Keywords: Early divorce, UAE, Separation, Family conflict, Women, Social policy, Introduction The United Arab Emirates is a federation of seven emirates: Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ras Al Khaimah, Ajman, Umm Al Quwain, and Fujairah. The country covers an area of [...]

On 16 June 1983, the Modesto Bee published a United Press International report that town native and filmmaker George Lucas and his wife Marcia (also Modesto-born, coincidentally) were getting a [...]

This article uses Zanzibari court cases in which male Muslims brought their female relatives to court to stop or end marriages where the bride's social status was not equal to her husband's. It argues that these cases are markers of moments of stress among male elites during the colonial period and that the hidden transcripts of these cases reveal the affect-love-that lies underneath the apparent economics of marriage in Zanzibari society. By examining these cases, Swahili poetry, and divorce rates in Zanzibar, this article demonstrates that unmet expectations in Zanzibari marriages are usually based on the notion of marrying for family prestige and economics., In 1912, Hamed took his sister Sadha to court to object that her fifth husband was unsuitable for her (Greene and Rahim 1951). Hamed explained to the judge that his [...]

We use data from the 1979 cohort of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to estimate the effects of policy and labor market variables on the demographic behaviors that determine children's family structure experiences: union formation and dissolution, and fertility. Male and female wages have substantial effects on family structure for children of black and Hispanic mothers. The tax treatment of children also affects family structure. Welfare reform, welfare benefits, and unilateral divorce had much smaller effects on family structure for the children of this cohort of women. Trends in wages and tax rates explain only a small share of the observed changes in family structure in recent decades. (JEL J12), I. INTRODUCTION The most prevalent type of family structure in which children in the United States are raised today is the traditional one, in which both biological parents are present [...]

This study examines the concurrent and longitudinal effects of children's disability types and health on family experiences, namely, parent divorce, mother's unemployment, and receipt of social welfare. The parent and school staff survey data for 1999 and 2004 from the Special Education Elementary Longitudinal Study were analyzed, when the ages of children with disabilities ranged from 6 to 17. Weighted logistic regressions using Taylor Series Linearization were used to model the concurrent associations and longitudinal association between children's disability types and health and family experiences. Models were adjusted to account for other children in the family with disabilities, sociodemographic characteristics, and other family experiences variables. Family experiences varied significantly by disability type in 1999. Compared with families of children with learning disabilities, parents of children with emotional disturbances were 81% more likely to get divorced, and 2.5 times more likely to receive welfare from 1999 to 2004. Mothers of children with a secondary disability were 81% more likely to be unemployed than those of children without a secondary disability. These findings indicate that specific disability types in children have an influence on family experience, and that some of those influences may persist over time. Families of children with emotional disturbances appear to be particularly at risk for negative family experiences. Clinicians, educators, and policymakers should be aware of the complex needs of families of children with disabilities when considering the types of services and supports provided to both children with disabilities and their families. Keywords Children with disabilities * Child health * Divorce * Employment * Social welfare, Introduction Families of children with disabilities make up a substantial proportion of the US population. Depending on the data source and definition used to identify children with disabilities or special [...]

The intent of this study was to examine the perceived value of a 4-hour divorce education program for adults offered in a Midwestern state. Parents Forever: Education for Families in Divorce Transition is a divorce education program directed toward educating adults about separation, divorce, and the effects on children. Participants included 342 adults who attended the class and responded to retrospective questionnaires assessing their perceived satisfaction, knowledge, and demographic status. Also, 32 legal and community professionals participated in the program and responded to questions designed to assess perceptions of program value. Both respondent groups reported high satisfaction levels and significant knowledge gains through the class experience. Implications of the findings for program support and brief divorce interventions are discussed. KEYWORDS divorce, divorce education, parent education, program evaluation, parents and divorce DOI: 10.1080/10502556.2010.504095

Divorce rates increased dramatically in South Korea in recent years, raising important questions about possible effects on children. In this study, we compared South Korean early adolescents from divorced and non-divorced families on measures of psychological problems, emotional pain, and parent-child relationships. Early adolescents from divorced families reported more internalizing and lower self-esteem, but not more externalizing. They also endorsed more fears of abandonment and feelings of loss, reflecting aspects of emotional pain. Early adolescents from divorced families also rated their attachments to parents as less secure, and perceived their parents as less warm and less firm with discipline. Children fared equally well in mother and father residence, and in single and remarried families. Overall, results were remarkably similar to findings on U.S. samples, despite some important cultural differences. Le taux de divorce en Coree du Sud s'est considerablement accru ces dernieres annees posant d'importantes questions quant aux effets possibles sur les enfants. Dans cette etude, nous avons compare des jeunes adolescents Sud Coreens de families divorcees et non divorcees en mesurant les problemes psychologiques, la souffrance emotionnelle, et les relations parents-enfants. Il s'avere que chez les jeunes adolescents provenant de families divorcees on note plus d'internalisation et moins d'estime de soi, mais pas plus d'externalisation. Ils endossent egalement plus de crainte de l'abandon et de sentiment de perte, refletant des aspects de souffrance emotionnelle. Les jeunes adolescents de families divorcees evaluent leur attachement a leurs parents comme incertain et percoivent leurs parents comme moins chaleureux et moins fermes en ce qui concerne la discipline. Les enfants se senlent aussi bien dans le domicile de la mere et du pere, de meme que lorsqu' un seul des parents est remarie. En general, les resultats ont ete remarquablement similaires aux echantillons americains, en depit des importantes differences culturelles. En Corea del Sur el indice de divorcio aumento bastante en anos recientes, planteando preguntas sobre los efectos que posiblemente tiene para los hijos. En este estudio, hemos comparado adolescentes tempranos de familias divorciadas y no divorciadas en Corea del Sur en cuanto a sus problemas psicologicos, dolor emotional y las relaciones entre los hijos y los padres. Los adolescentes de esta etapa de desarrollo psicologico presentaron mas internalizacion y bajas niveles de auto estima y pero no presentaron un aumento en niveles de exteriorization. Tambien sintieron mas miedo de abandono y emociones de perdida, reflejando aspectos de dolor emocional. Jovenes de adolescencia temprana con padres divorciados tambien sintieron menos seguros en vinculacion con sus padres, y percibieron menos carino y menos firmeza en disciplina por parte de sus padres. Los hijos se sintieron igual de bien en residencia con el padre y la madre, y tambien en situaciones en los que el padre o la madre se ha quedado soltero/a o en que se ha casado de nuevo. En su totalidad, los resultados fueron muy parecidos a conclusiones de muestras en los E.E.U.U. a pesar de diferencias importantes en las dos culturas., INTRODUCTION South Korea has witnessed a dramatic increase in divorce in recent years. In 2003, the crude divorce rate in South Korea peaked at 3.5 per 1,000 population, which ranked […]

Prior research has indicated that family experiences, including parental divorce, family conflict, and parental monitoring, play an important role in adolescent relationships (e.g., Mahl, 2001). Research on how these family experiences affect romantic relationships during early adolescence is lacking. Because pubertal maturation has been linked with earlier dating, it is also important to consider its role when studying adolescent relationships. This study compared 1,765 young adolescents (grades 5-8) from intact (n = 1,315) and divorced (n = 379) families on their dating patterns, susceptibility to romantic influence, and romantic relationship quality. The findings show that adolescents from divorced families, compared to adolescents from intact families, report more dating, report more susceptibility to romantic influence, and do not differ in their romantic relationship quality. In line with the hypotheses, both family conflict and puberty mediated the relationship between family structure and dating stage, as well as family structure and susceptibility to romantic influence. Parental monitoring, however, did not mediate between family structure and the romantic relationship variables. Finally, differences, regardless of family structure, were found between males and females, where males indicated being at a higher dating stage than females. KEYWORDS adolescents and dating, conflict, divorce, parental monitoring, puberty, romantic relationships DOI: 10.1080/10502551003652157

Frequency of divorce and separation among 15, 714 adults from the British Social Attitudes data set for 1985-2005 peaked at around 50 years of age, and increased significantly over the period of study. Ratios of marital breakdown were compared between those of no religious affiliation and Christian affiliates with different levels of church attendance. Frequent Christian attendees were 1.5 times less likely to suffer marital breakdown than nonaffiliates, but there was no difference between nonattending Christian affiliates and those of no religion. Infrequent Christian attendees were 1.3 times less likely to suffer marital breakdown compared to nonaffiliates, suggesting that even infrequent church attendance might have some significance for predicting the persistence of marital solidarity. KEYWORDS attitudes, Christianity, church attendance, denomination, divorce, marital breakdown, separation DOI: 10.1080/10502551003652041

KELLY CAMPBELL, Department of Psychology and Human Development, California State University San Bernardino, 5500 University Parkway, San Bernardino, CA 92407 U.S.A. DAVID W. WRIGHT, Department of Child and Family Development, University of Georgia, Family Science Center II, House D, Athens, GA 30602-2623 U.S.A. Marriage Today: Exploring the Incongruence Between Americans' Beliefs and Practices This paper provides a literature review of the incongruence between Americans' beliefs and practices regarding marriage. In the United States, marriage is conceptualized as a monogamous, lifelong partnership. Yet American practices do not support this conceptualization, which is evidenced by infidelity and divorce rates that approximate 25-50 percent. This paper explores the incongruence and examines how cultural shifts in marital practices have contributed to higher rates of infidelity and divorce. Information is presented about the purpose of marriage, and attitudes and practices regarding infidelity and divorce. We present these topics using a sociohistorical context and describe how the nature of marriage has changed over time. It is argued that the purpose of marriage has shifted from being a social obligation to a choice based on personal fulfillment; and that this shift puts individuals at greater risk of infidelity and divorce. Throughout the paper, and particularly in the concluding section, we offer commentary about how the incongruence between marital beliefs and practices can be reconciled at the intrapersonal, interpersonal, and contextual levels. KELLY CAMPBELL, Department of Psychology and Human Development, California State University - San Bernardino, 5500 University Parkway, San Bernardino, CA 92407 U.S.A. DAVID W. WRIGHT, Department of Child and Family Development, University of Georgia, Family Science Center II, House D, Athens, GA 30602-2623 U.S.A. Marriage Today: Exploring the Incongruence Between Americans' Beliefs and Practices Ce memoire offre a travers la literature une revue de la disconvenance chez les Americains entre les convictions et les pratiques en ce qui concerne le mariage. Aux USA le mariage est conceptualise comme une association monogame et a vie. Cependant les pratiques americaines ne corroborent pas cette conceptualisation si l'on considere le pourcentage d'infidelite et de divorce qui atteint 25 a 50 pour cent. Ce memoire explore la disconvenance et examine comment les transformations culturelles des pratiques matrimoniales ont contribue a augmenter le taux d'infidelite et de divorce. Une documentation est presentee sur l'objectif du mariage et les attitudes et pratiques concernant 1'infidelite et le divorce. Nous presentons ces themes dans un contexte socio-historique et decrivons comment l'objectif du mariage a evolue avec le temps. On soutient que l'objectif du mariage est passe d'une obligation sociale a un choix base sur une satisfaction personelle et que ce changement rend les particuliers plus vulnerables a l'infidelite et au divorce. Tout au cours du memoire et en particulier en conclusion, nous offrons des remarques pour une solution a cette disconvenance entre les convictions et les pratiques matrimonials, aux niveaux personnel, interpersonel et contextuel. KELLY CAMPBELL, Department of Psychology and Human Development, California State University - San Bernardino, 5500 University Parkway, San Bernardino, CA 92407 U.S.A. DAVID W. WRIGHT, Department of Child and Family Development, University of Georgia, Family Science Center II, House D, Athens, GA 30602-2623 U.S.A. Marriage Today: Exploring the Incongruence Between Americans' Beliefs and Practices Este documento presenta una revision de la literatura de la incongruencia entre las creencias y practicas respecto al matrimonio de los estadounidenses. En los Estados Unidos, el matrimonio se concibe como una asociacion monogama, por toda la vida. Sin embargo, las practicas estadounidenses no apoyan esta conceptualizacion, es evidente por la infidelidad y las tasas de divorcio que se aproximan a 25-50 por ciento. Este reporte explora la incongruencia y examina como los cambios culturales en las practicas matrimoniales han contribuido al aumento de las tasas de la infidelidad y el divorcio. Se presenta information sobre el proposito del matrimonio, y las actitudes y practicas relativas a la infidelidad y el divorcio. Presento estos temas con un contexto socio-historico y describo como la naturaleza del matrimonio ha cambiado con el tiempo. Se argumenta que el proposito del matrimonio ha pasado de ser una obligacidn social a una election basada en la realization personal, y que este cambio pone a individuos en mayor riesgo de infidelidad y el divorcio. A lo largo del documento, y en particular en la section final, ofrezco comentario acerca de como la incongruidad entre las creencias y las practicas matrimoniales se puede conciliar en la intrapersonal, interpersonal y los niveles de contexto., INTRODUCTION Although marriage is more unstable than ever, Americans continue to marry in large numbers. It is expected that 85% of adults in the U.S. will marry at some point […]

To authenticate to the full-text of this article, please visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5906.2010.01509.x Byline: Kathleen E. Jenkins (1) Abstract: Sociologists have paid little attention to the experience of divorce in religious congregations. Numerous quantitative studies suggest that religion can provide health and wellness during such life disruptions, but we know little about the social and individual processes that might foster these benefits. I address this gap in the literature drawing from data collected in a four-year ethnographic study of divorce and ending life partnerships across six religious traditions. I analyze the experiences of 41 individuals who ended life partnerships while active in their congregations. Despite intense points of communal connection through ritual, respondents named largely private strategies for settling heightened emotion, physical and psychological pain, and creating a new self. Permeating their communal experiences was a marked sense of aloneness, resulting from individual shame and congregational silence, as well as their understanding of divorce-work as ultimately private self-work. Author Affiliation: (1)Department of SociologyThe College of William and Mary Article note: Correspondence should be addressed to Kathleen E. Jenkins, Department of Sociology, The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795. E-mail: kejenk@wm.edu

Many psychologists in the United States and Canada provide child custody and access (C&A) assessments as part of their clinical services. There are guidelines based on ethical standards that inform this specialization, which include the recommendation that providers be familiar with the empirical bases of their work. This article provides an overview of guidelines, the assessment process, and the empirical basis for C&A assessment. Although there is limited evidence of traditional standards of direct empirical utility of such assessments, there are relevant research areas that include the impacts of separation and divorce on children, family relationships, and coparenting processes. Each is critical to understanding children's welfare, a parent's capacity to act in the best interests of a child, and the coparenting environment that may follow separation and divorce. Given the importance of minimizing postdivorce conflict within a coparenting environment, the indirect scientific evidence that supports C&A assessment can also be used to pursue more amicable solutions through mediation and parent education. Although research is growing supporting these alternative practices as well as C&A assessment itself, much more is needed. Psychologists who offer these services will find this article to be a useful overview of current practice and science, and for those contemplating involvement in these services, the article highlights issues to be considered. Keywords: custody and access, coparenting, separation and divorce, children's needs, best interests of a child DOI: 10.1037/a0019271

Furstenberg et al. (1995) suggested that one unanticipated consequence of current high levels of divorce might be a "matrilineal tilt" in intergenerational wealth flows. This research uses six waves of the Health and Retirement Survey (1992 to 2002) to investigate this possibility with respect to financial transfers from parents to their adult children. We find that although divorced single fathers continue to make transfers to their adult biological children, remarriage substantially reduces fathers' transfers while it increases mothers' transfers to their biological children. Our findings are consistent with both socio-evolutionary and exchange theories predicting women's vs. men's investments in biological vs. stepchildren., Introduction Since the mid-20th century, American society has witnessed remarkable changes that could transform the way financial resources are transferred from parents to their adult children. Among the most notable [...]

Following an acrimonious divorce or separation, arguments are frequently presented as to why a child should not be with a non-resident parent. The custodial parent, whether a father or a mother, uses the concept of a child being attached to himself or herself and therefore this should prevent the child from having actual or reasonable contact with the absent parent. This view is based on antagonism between the former partners rather than the importance of the attachment theory being relevant. The attachment theory is also used to discredit the intentions of the noncustodial parent. This is especially the case for the younger child. With older children this is not likely to be as relevant. The history of the development of the attachment theory commencing with Bowlby and Ainsworth is presented, and the counterarguments are also presented. Attachment to the mother is obviously important initially but attachment to the father is equally important to the child and such bonding is likely to lead to positive emotional and behavioral development. It is therefore argued that both fathers and mothers have an important role to play and are, or should be, responsible for the rearing of children. The acrimony between the couple should not be considered as relevant as it is, in fact, the real reason why attachment theory is used against a nonresident parent. KEYWORDS attachment theory, parental alienation DOI: 10.1080/10502551003597808

This study examined the qualities that contribute to postdivorce child attachment in a sample of 24 divorcing mothers and their children, ages 12 to 73 months, in the context of shared parenting time arrangements. Child attachment was assessed using Waters's Attachment Q-Set (AQS). Qualities such as age at onset of overnight stays, interparental conflict and communication, and emotional availability were examined for their importance in attachment security and dependency. Study hypotheses were partially supported. Although the study variables collectively did not predict attachment security and dependency outcomes, as hypothesized, the predictor variable of emotional availability (EA) child involvement proved significantly related with AQS security. Children who involved their mothers more in interaction were more secure with them. Further, EA child involvement contributed to attachment outcomes above and beyond age of onset of overnight stays and parent and partner contributions to interparental conflict. KEYWORDS divorce, parent-child relationships, postdivorce attachment DOI: 10.1080/10502551003597782

To authenticate to the full-text of this article, please visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01410.x Byline: David Scott DeGarmo (1) Abstract: To better understand quantity and quality of divorced father contact, a weighted county sample of 230 divorced fathers with a child aged 4-11 years was employed to test whether fathers' antisocial personality (ASP) moderated effects of monthly contact with children in predicting children's observed noncompliance. Eighteen-month latent growth models obtained significant individual differences in levels of noncompliance and growth rates. ASP significantly moderated beneficial impact of fathers' monthly contact. Fathers' observed parenting practices significantly predicted noncompliance levels but not growth. Parenting did not account for the effect of Contact x ASP, suggesting both environmental and potentially genetic influences on child adjustment. Findings were robust across boys and girls and age levels. Implications for preventive intervention are discussed. Author Affiliation: (1)Oregon Social Learning Center Article note: Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to David Scott DeGarmo, Oregon Social Learning Center, 10 Shelton McMurphey Boulevard, Eugene, OR 97401. Electronic mail may be sent to davidd@oslc.org.

YOUNG-JU CHUN, Department of Family and Elderly Welfare, Silla University, San 1-1, Kwaebop-Dong Sasang-Gu, Busan, 617-736, Korea. TAE-HONG SOHN, Department of Family and Elderly Welfare, Silla University, San 1-1, Kwaebop-Dong Sasang-Gu, Busan, 617-736, Korea. Determinants of Consensual Divorce in Korea: Gender, Socioeconomic Status, and Life Course The purpose of this article is to examine the general status of divorce determinants in Korea and to explore their relationship with social demographic factors such as gender, SES, and life course. A total of 2,231 participants, who visited Family Court to file consensual divorce in Korea, completed a self-administrated questionnaire which consisted of 26 questions of divorce determinants. Using the SPSS Win program, the data was analyzed and the following results were found. First, the most common determinants of divorce were incompatible personality, different ways of thinking, and economic bankruptcy. Second, most of the divorce determinants were inter-correlated to one another in specific patterns. Incompatible personality was associated with different ways of thinking, constraining one's life, and eccentric personality. These four factors related to personality problems were also positively associated with physical and mental abuse. Economic bankruptcy had significant correlations with frequent lies, incompetence in supporting the family, and wasteful habits and debts. Third, the relationships between social demographic factors and divorce determinants were found to be that women tended to report more complex divorce determinants than men, people of lower class were more likely to report instrumental factors as their divorce determinant, the length of marriage was negatively related to interference from the in-law family, and the number of children was positively related to the inconsistencies in parenting. Overall findings indicate that the decision to divorce resulted from multiple determinants and implied that couples in Korea put more emphasis on consonance in a marital relationship than on cultural forces such as in-law family conflict or problems in marriage essentials. Key Words: Determinants of Divorce, Consensual Divorce, Gender, Socioeconomic Status, Life Course, Korea. YOUNG-JU CHUN, Department of Family and Elderly Welfare, Silla University, San 1-1, Kwaebop-Dong Sasang-Gu, Busan, 617-736, Korea. TAE-HONG SOHN, Department of Family and Elderly Welfare. Silla University, San 1-1, Kwaebop-Dong Sasang-Gu, Busan, 617-736, Korea. Determinants of Consensual Divorce in Korea: Gender, Socioeconomic Status, and Life Course Le but de cet article est d' examiner le statnt general de determinants de divorce a Coree et explorer leur relation avec les facteurs demographiques soeiaux comme le sexe, le SES, et le cours de vie. Un total de 2.231 participants, qui ont visite le Tribunal de Famille pour classer le divorce consensuel, a complete a Coree un a administre automatiquement le questionnaire qui a consiste en 26 questions de determinants de divorce. L'utilisation du programme de SPSS Win, les donnees ont ete analysees et les resultats suivants ont ete trouves. Premier, les determinants les plus communs de divorce etaient des personnalites incompatibles, les facons differentes de pensee, et la faillite economique. Deuxieme, la plupart des determinants de divorce s'ont ete inter correspondus-dans les modeles specifiques. Le tiers, les relations entre les facteurs et les determinants de divorce demograpbiques soeiaux ont ete trouvees pour etre que les femmes ont eu tendance a rapporter les determinants de divorce plus complexes que les hommes, les gens de classe ouvriere etaient plus probable pour rapporter des facteurs instrumentaux comme leur determinant de divorce, la longueur de mariage a ete negativement relatee a I'intervention de la famille de dans la loi, et le nombre d'enfants a ete absolument relate aux inconsistances dans I'education des enfants. Les conclusions generates indiquent que la decision de divorcer resulte des determinants multiples et a implique que les couples a Coree mettent plus d'accent sur la consonance dans une relation maritale que sur les forces cukurelles comme le conflit de famille dans la loi ou comme les problemes dans les elements essentiels de mariage. Word cles: Les determinants de Divorce, le Divorce Consensuel, le Sexe, le Statut Socio-economique, le Cours de Vie, Coree. YOUNG-JU CHUN, Department of Family and Elderly Welfare, Silla University, San 1-1, Kwaebop-Dong Sasang-Gu, Busan, 617-736, Korea. TAE-HONG SOHN. Department of Family and Elderly Welfare, Silla University, San 1-1, Kwaebop-Dong Sasang-Gu, Busan, 617-736, Korea. Determinants of Consensual Divorce in Korea: Gender, Socioeconomic Status, and Life Course El proposito de este articulo es examinar el estatus general de los determinantes de divorcio en Corea del Sur y explorar la relacion con factores demografico social tales como, genero, estado socioeconomico y estilo de vida. Un total de 2,231 participantes quienes visitaron la Corte Civil para firmar un divorcio consensual en Corea del Sur, completaron un auto- administrado cuestionario el cual consistio en 26 preguntas de determinantes de divorcio. Usando el programa SPPS Win, los resultados fueron analizados, arrojando los siguientes resultados. Primero, los determinantes mas comunes fueron: personalidad incompatible, diferentes maneras de pensar y problemas economicos. Segundo, la mayoria de los determinantes de divorcio fueron correlacionados con patrones espeefficos. Personalidad incompatible fue asociada con diferentes formas de pensar, limitando sus vidas y personalidad exeentrica. Estos cuatro factores relacionados a los problemas de personalidad fueron tambien positivamente relacionados con abusos fisicos y mentales. Los problemas econonomicos tuvieron una correlacion significativa con mentiras frecuentes, incompetencia de apoyo familiar, habitos negativos y deudas. Tercero, la relacion entre factores demografico social y determinantes de divorcio fueron encontrados; las mujeres tienen mas frecuencia a reportar mas determinantes complejos que los hombres y gente de menor estatus social fue mas propensa a reportar factores instrumentales como determinantes de su divorcio, la duracion de su matrimonio fue relacionado negativamente a la interferencia de la familia del conyuge y el numero de hijos fue ralacionado positivamente a las inconsistencias en la educacion de tales. En general, los resultados indican que la decision de divorcio resulto en determinantes multiples e implied que las parejas en Corea del Sur ponen mas enfasis en la armonia de la relacion matrimonial que en fuerzas culturales tales como confliclos con la familia del conyuge o con problemas escneiaies del matrimonio. Palabras Claves: Determinantes de Divorcio, Divorcio Consensual, Genero, Estado Socioeconomic, Estilo de Vida y Corea del Sur., INTRODUCTION In many industrialized countries, the pressure to stay married has dissipated and marriages are more freely terminated than at any other time in history (Hughes, 2005; Wallerstein, Lewis and […]

This study evaluated characteristics that distinguish women who end a first marriage in midlife from those who remain married. The sample consisted of 459 married and 180 divorced women who had participated in 3 waves of the National Survey of Families and Households (NSFH). Discriminant analyses were used to assess differences that occurred between the two groups in financial and psychological well-being in the 10 years between NSFH Waves 2 and 3. The major finding was that midlife divorce appears to have long-term financial consequences for women, especially in regard to wealth accumulation. The findings provide some initial information about the long-term effects of midlife divorce that will be useful to professionals working with women who are considering divorce at this stage of life. KEYWORDS midlife divorce, wealth, finances, empty nest, gender roles, life satisfaction

To authenticate to the full-text of this article, please visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6237.2009.00618.x Byline: Laura Langbein (1), Mark A. Yost (1) Abstract: Objectives. Conventional theory regarding externalities and personal choices implies that in the absence of negative externalities, there is no economic rationale for government to regulate or ban those choices. We evaluate whether legally recognizing (or prohibiting) same-sex marriage has any adverse impact on societal outcomes specifically related to 'traditional family values.' Methods. Using data from 1990 to 2004 in the U.S. states, with statistical controls appropriate for the particular model, and with fixed effects, we test the claim of the Family Research Council that same-sex marriage will have negative impacts on marriage, divorce, abortion rates, the proportion of children born to single women, and the percent of children in female-headed households. Results. We find no statistically significant adverse effect from allowing gay marriage. Bans on gay marriage, when they are not overturned, appear to be associated with a lower abortion rate and a lower percentage of children in female-headed households. However, allowing gay marriage also shows the same or stronger associations. Conclusions. The argument that same-sex marriage poses a negative externality on society cannot be rationally held. Although many might believe that this conclusion is so obvious that it does not warrant testing, many politicians use this argument as a fact-based rationale to legitimize bans on same-sex marriage. Author Affiliation: (1)American University

The Forgiveness Intervention Model (Bonach, 2007) is tested as a conceptual framework for former partners who are coparenting. Scores of the cognitive, affective, and behavioral dimensions of forgiveness from a sample of 135 separated or divorced parents were analyzed to contribute to the understanding of coparenting quality. Previous literature supported the contribution of certain predictor variables, including blame, offense severity judgments, and control variables including hostile divorce proceedings, satisfaction with child custody financial arrangements, perceived remorsefulness of the former partner, prior conflict, and the mediating role of forgiveness to coparenting quality. In this study separate regression analyses were run for each dimension of forgiveness to determine their role in the relationship between the study variables and coparenting quality. The cognitive dimension more often had the most significant contribution between the variables examined and coparenting quality. Furthermore, higher coparenting quality was significantly correlated with how positively an individual feels (r = .49, p < .001) and thinks about the former partner (r = .50, p < .001). The findings affirm the clinical importance of primary cognitive tasks necessary for an individual to move through the stages of forgiveness to 'move on' and achieve desirable outcomes such as a quality coparenting relationship with a former partner. KEYWORDS forgiveness, coparenting, quality coparenting, separation, divorce, divorce intervention

Marriage and family therapy training programs aim to provide students with research-based knowledge about marriage and divorce, a group of 223 California-based clinical members of the American Association for Marital and Family Therapy (AAMFT) was surveyed on their endorsement of 21 myths about marriage. Therapists provided correct responses to an average of 9.4 of these items. Endorsement of specific myths correlated with varying demographic, professional and family of origin variables. Implications for therapist training, practice, and future research are discussed.

This study explores the processes by which custodial mothers can support and inhibit fathers' relationships following divorce and separation. It draws on qualitative interviews with resident mothers and nonresident fathers from 54 separated families, including 22 sets of former couples. The study found that mothers adopt a range of strategies, from proactive gate opening to gate closing, and that these strategies appear influential. Maternal perceptions of paternal competence and child welfare beliefs, parental relationship quality, and parental role bargains were strongly linked to different types of maternal gatekeeping. Informed by systems theory, the interviews of former couples suggest that gate work, whether gate opening or gate closing, can be a dynamic transactional process rather than a linear and unidirectional process running from mothers to lathers. Keywords: gatekeeping; facilitation; visitation; divorce

This study examined the link between parental divorce and marital conflict and young adult romantic relationships, and it tested whether offspring efficacy beliefs and conflict mediate this association. Young adults (N = 358) provided data at three time points each separated by 7-week intervals. Results from structural equation modeling demonstrated that (a) parents' marital conflict, rather than parental divorce, was associated with offspring conflict behavior; (b) relationship efficacy mediated this association; and (c) conflict behavior, in turn, mediated the association between efficacy beliefs and the quality of offspring romantic relationships. These findings are discussed in terms of their implications for understanding the impact of parents' marital problems on romantic relationships in young adulthood. Their implications for preventive interventions and future research are also outlined. Keywords: parental divorce; marital conflict; efficacy; romantic relationships

A growing number of mid- and later life individuals and families are experiencing divorce and remarriage. Mid- and later life families are those who have begun to or may have launched their adult children. As a result, these families may include in-laws and grandchildren. Limited research has addressed the potentially unique experiences of these families whose lives are made more complex and complicated by divorce, remarriage, or both. The purpose of this article is to examine, from a phenomenological perspective, the lived experiences of individuals and families experiencing divorce in mid- and later life. In so doing, four case studies are presented that represent four common pathways through divorce and remarriage in mid- and later life: career divorced, seasoned divorced, newly divorced, and interrupted career divorced. Using these case studies and our interpretation of them based on a phenomenological approach, we offer implications for family life educators for improving the delivery of educational services to families facing mid- and later life divorce and remarriage. KEYWORDS. Divorce, later life, aging, remarriage, phenomenology

Using a risk and resilience theoretical framework, this study examined the influence of parental divorce during childhood on father-child relationship quality in young adulthood. Relationship quality was measured using nurturant fathering and modified father involvement scales, and self-reports of current amount of face-to-face and verbal father-child contacts. Comparisons on these measures were made between 107 young adults from intact and 96 from divorced family backgrounds. The divorce group was also examined in isolation to explore how divorce-related factors--including structural, early contact, and interparental relationship factors--predict young adults' perceptions of their father--child relationship. Results demonstrate young adults from intact family backgrounds report a comparatively stronger father-child relationship. Among divorce group participants, structural factors (higher father socioeconomic status and joint custody) and early contact (greater percentage of time spent with father postdivorce) were predictors of higher scores on combined nurturant fathering and involvement measures. Greater early contact and stronger interparental relationship factors (low conflict and high contact and cooperativeness) similarly predicted current contact. KEYWORDS. Divorce, father--child relationship, young adults, nurturance, involvement

The effect of divorce on the relationship between young adults' relationships with parents and siblings was examined. The data were drawn from an earlier study in which a sample of 207 young adults from divorced and intact families had completed demographic questionnaires as well as measures of parent-child and sibling relationships. Positive correlations were found between the father-child and male sibling relationship and between the mother-child and female sibling relationship in the divorced sample. None of the correlations between parentchild and sibling relationships attained significance in the intact sample. The present findings suggest that divorce affects adult sibling relationships along gender lines with the adult sibling relationship congruent with the parent-child relationship of the same gender. The results are discussed in terms of post-divorce living arrangements, as well as the polarization of relationships with parents that occurs as a consequence of divorce. doi: 10.1300/JO87v48n03_02 KEYWORDS. Adult children, divorce, parent-child relationships, sibling relationships

To purchase or authenticate to the full-text of this article, please visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3729.2007.00481.x Byline: David S. DeGarmo (**), Joshua Patras (**), Sopagna Eap (**) Keywords: divorce; fathers; multiple method; parenting; social support; stress Abstract: Abstract: A stress-buffering hypothesis for parenting was tested in a county-representative sample of 218 divorced fathers. Social support for parenting (emergency and nonemergency child care, practical support, financial support) was hypothesized to moderate effects of stress (role overload, coparental conflict, and daily hassles) on fathers' quality parenting. No custody fathers relied more on relatives compared with custodial fathers, who relied more on new partners for parenting support. No differences by custody status were found on levels of support or parenting over time. Parenting support buffered effects of change in role overload and coparenting conflict on coercive parenting and buffered effects of change in daily hassles on prosocial parenting. Buffer effects were more predictive over time. Implications for practice and preventive intervention strategies are discussed. Article note: (**) David S. DeGarmo is a research scientist at the Oregon Social Learning Center, 10 Shelton McMurphy Boulevard, Eugene, OR 97401-4928 (davidd@oslc.org) . Joshua Patras is a doctoral candidate at The Norwegian Center for Child Behavioral Development at the University of Oslo, Klingenberggata 4, Oslo, Norway 0161 (joshuap@atferdssenteret.no) . Sopagna Eap is a doctoral candidate in the Department of Psychology, 1227 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1227 (seap@uoregon.edu).