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709 results on '"Distefano, G."'

2. Management of Transport Infrastructures: A Procedure to Assess the Landslide Risk

Author

Lentini, V., Castelli, F., Distefano, G., di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, Calvetti, Francesco, editor, Cotecchia, Federica, editor, Galli, Andrea, editor, and Jommi, Cristina, editor

Published
2020
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3. Chameleonic Cosmetics: Developing Innovative Photochromic Polymers and Macromolecules

Author

Incarbone, E, Rapone, R, Zanin, C, Galotto, N, Pirovano, C, Distefano, G, Valsesia, P, Bettinelli, S, Depta, G, Beverina, L, Incarbone, E, Rapone, R, Zanin, C, Galotto, N, Pirovano, C, Distefano, G, Valsesia, P, Bettinelli, S, Depta, G, and Beverina, L

Abstract

Polymers are widely used in cosmetic products thanks to their range of applications leading to high-performance products.1 Film-forming polymers are strategic to create a homogeneous film after the evaporation of the volatile components, extending the permanence of make-up including colour and properties. In this context, linking dyes to the polymers enhances this feature. Furthermore, as the interest in having new effects in makeup is growing, we started to explore non-static dyes, exploiting photochromism. Photochromism is defined as the light-induced reversible transformation of a molecular entity into one or more isomeric species that possess different absorption spectra.2 The first technology that uses this photochromic feature is reported in a patent in which a photochromic spiropyran is chemically linked by transesterification to a silicon cosmetic oil with film-forming properties.3 This innovative photochromic cosmetic oil switches from transparent to blue, providing an intense colouration of make-up when exposed to UV light. Silicones acceptance in cosmetic formulations is becoming questioned due to limited biodegradability with potential bioaccumulation.4 Therefore, it is necessary to replace silicones with other film-forming polymers. We show how it is possible to synthesize by condensation bio-based film-former polymers, as polyesters or polyurethane, capable of transesterification with photochromic targets appropriately engineered. We selected T-type photochromic dyes able to return to the original form by removing UV light, having a range of colours across the visible spectrum to build a trichromic cyano, magenta and yellow system. A naphtopyran-based structure was chosen for magenta and yellow, while, for blue, spirooxazine and cyano spiropyran. All these targets can efficiently undergo transesterification, so it is possible to link the molecule to the polymer, both as a terminal (Figure) or as a linker between two different OH groups. References 1. P

Published
2024

7. Primary cilia sense glutamine availability and respond via asparagine synthetase.

Author

Steidl, M.E., Nigro, E.A., Nielsen, A.K.S., Pagliarini, R., Cassina, L., Lampis, M., Podrini, C., Chiaravalli, M., Mannella, V., Distefano, G., Yang, M., Aslanyan, M.G., Musco, G., Roepman, R., Frezza, C., Boletta, A., Steidl, M.E., Nigro, E.A., Nielsen, A.K.S., Pagliarini, R., Cassina, L., Lampis, M., Podrini, C., Chiaravalli, M., Mannella, V., Distefano, G., Yang, M., Aslanyan, M.G., Musco, G., Roepman, R., Frezza, C., and Boletta, A.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext, Depriving cells of nutrients triggers an energetic crisis, which is resolved by metabolic rewiring and organelle reorganization. Primary cilia are microtubule-based organelles at the cell surface, capable of integrating multiple metabolic and signalling cues, but their precise sensory function is not fully understood. Here we show that primary cilia respond to nutrient availability and adjust their length via glutamine-mediated anaplerosis facilitated by asparagine synthetase (ASNS). Nutrient deprivation causes cilia elongation, mediated by reduced mitochondrial function, ATP availability and AMPK activation independently of mTORC1. Of note, glutamine removal and replenishment is necessary and sufficient to induce ciliary elongation or retraction, respectively, under nutrient stress conditions both in vivo and in vitro by restoring mitochondrial anaplerosis via ASNS-dependent glutamate generation. Ift88-mutant cells lacking cilia show reduced glutamine-dependent mitochondrial anaplerosis during metabolic stress, due to reduced expression and activity of ASNS at the base of cilia. Our data indicate a role for cilia in responding to, and possibly sensing, cellular glutamine levels via ASNS during metabolic stress.

Published
2023

11. Phenotyping and genotyping of a lemon segregating population to mining genetic resistance to biotic stresses

Author

Catalano, C., primary, Seminara, S., additional, Licciardello, G., additional, Modica, F., additional, Musumeci, S., additional, Lo Cicero, L., additional, Di Guardo, M., additional, Tropea Garzia, G., additional, Biondi, A., additional, Catara, V., additional, Distefano, G., additional, La Malfa, S., additional, and Gentile, A., additional

Published
2022
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14. Too early to a'MUSE! Reply

Author

Testoni P. A., Testoni S., Mazzoleni G., Pantaleo G., Cilona M. B., Distefano G., Fanti L., Antonelli M., Passaretti S., Testoni, P. A., Testoni, S., Mazzoleni, G., Pantaleo, G., Cilona, M. B., Distefano, G., Fanti, L., Antonelli, M., and Passaretti, S.

Subjects
Gastroesophageal Reflux, Humans, Fundoplication, Ultrasonics
Published
2021

16. Germoplasma siciliano una riserva di caratteri di interesse agronomico

Author

Bennici S., Las Casas G., Distefano G., Di Guardo M., Allegra F., Continella A., Nicolosi E., Dondini L., De Franceschi P., Ferlito F., La Malfa S., Gentile A., and Bennici S., Las Casas G., Distefano G., Di Guardo M., Allegra F., Continella A., Nicolosi E., Dondini L., De Franceschi P., Ferlito F., La Malfa S., Gentile A.

Subjects
alleli S, antiche varietà, caratterizzazione genetica
Abstract

L'elevata variabilità genetica è utile per conservare caratteri di importanza ecologica, come bassa esigenza di freddo, adattabilità a fattori ambientali limitanti e resustenza a stress biotici

Published
2020

20. Oncogene-induced maladaptive activation of trained immunity in the pathogenesis and treatment of Erdheim-Chester disease.

Author

Molteni, R., Biavasco, R., Stefanoni, D., Nemkov, T., Dominguez Andres, J., Arts, R.J.W., Merelli, I., Mazza, D., Zambrano, S., Panigada, M., Cantoni, E., Tengesdal, I.W., Maksud, P., Piras, F., Cesana, D., Cassina, L., Distefano, G., Loffreda, A., Gnani, D., Luca, G. De, Tomelleri, A., Campochiaro, C., Joosten, L.A.B., Dinarello, C.A., Kajaste-Rudnitski, A., Haroche, J., Cardaci, S., Cenci, S., Dagna, L., Doglioni, C., Ferrarini, M., Ferrero, E., Boletta, A., d'Alessandro, A., Montini, E., Netea, M.G., Cavalli, G.C., Molteni, R., Biavasco, R., Stefanoni, D., Nemkov, T., Dominguez Andres, J., Arts, R.J.W., Merelli, I., Mazza, D., Zambrano, S., Panigada, M., Cantoni, E., Tengesdal, I.W., Maksud, P., Piras, F., Cesana, D., Cassina, L., Distefano, G., Loffreda, A., Gnani, D., Luca, G. De, Tomelleri, A., Campochiaro, C., Joosten, L.A.B., Dinarello, C.A., Kajaste-Rudnitski, A., Haroche, J., Cardaci, S., Cenci, S., Dagna, L., Doglioni, C., Ferrarini, M., Ferrero, E., Boletta, A., d'Alessandro, A., Montini, E., Netea, M.G., and Cavalli, G.C.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext, Trained immunity (TI) is a proinflammatory program induced in monocyte/macrophages upon sensing of specific pathogens and is characterized by immunometabolic and epigenetic changes that enhance cytokine production. Maladaptive activation of TI (ie, in the absence of infection) may result in detrimental inflammation and development of disease; however, the exact role and extent of inappropriate activation of TI in the pathogenesis of human diseases is undetermined. In this study, we uncovered the oncogene-induced, maladaptive induction of TI in the pathogenesis of a human inflammatory myeloid neoplasm (Erdheim-Chester disease, [ECD]), characterized by the BRAFV600E oncogenic mutation in monocyte/macrophages and excess cytokine production. Mechanistically, myeloid cells expressing BRAFV600E exhibit all molecular features of TI: activation of the AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling axis; increased glycolysis, glutaminolysis, and cholesterol synthesis; epigenetic changes on promoters of genes encoding cytokines; and enhanced cytokine production leading to hyperinflammatory responses. In patients with ECD, effective therapeutic strategies combat this maladaptive TI phenotype; in addition, pharmacologic inhibition of immunometabolic changes underlying TI (ie, glycolysis) effectively dampens cytokine production by myeloid cells. This study revealed the deleterious potential of inappropriate activation of TI in the pathogenesis of human inflammatory myeloid neoplasms and the opportunity for inhibition of TI in conditions characterized by maladaptive myeloid-driven inflammation.

Published
2021

23. PD-0311: Patterns of practice for adaptive and real-time radiation therapy part II: interfractional changes

Author

Bertholet, J., primary, Distefano, G., additional, Noble, D., additional, Bel, A., additional, VanLeeuwen, R., additional, Roggen, T., additional, Duchateau, M., additional, Thørnqvist, S., additional, Garibaldi, C., additional, Tilly, N., additional, Mollá, R. Garica, additional, Bonaque, J., additional, Oelfke, U., additional, Aznar, M., additional, and Heijmen, B., additional

Published
2020
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27. Mitochondrial respiratory states and rate

Author

Gnaiger, E., Aasander Frostner, E., Abdul Karim, N., Abumrad, NA., Acuna-Castroviejo, D., Adiele, RC., Ahn, B., Ali, SS., Alton, L., Alves, MG., Amati, F., Amoedo, ND., Andreadou, I., Arago, M., Aral, C., Arandarcikaite, O., Armand, AS., Arnould, T., Avram, VF., Bailey, DM., Bajpeyi, S., Bajzikova, M., Bakker, BM., Barlow, J., Bastos Sant'Anna Silva, AC., Batterson, P., Battino, M., Bazil, J., Beard, DA., Bednarczyk, P., Bello, F., Ben-Shachar, D., Bergdahl, A., Berge, RK., Bergmeister, L., Bernardi, P., Berridge, MV., Bettinazzi, S., Bishop, D., Blier, PU., Blindheim, DF., Boardman, NT., Boetker, HE., Borchard, S., Boros, M., Borsheim, E., Borutaite, V., Botella, J., Bouillaud, F., Bouitbir, J., Boushel, RC., Bovard, J., Breton, S., Brown, DA., Brown, GC., Brown, RA., Brozinick, JT., Buettner, GR., Burtscher, J., Calabria, E., Calbet, JA., Calzia, E., Cannon, DT., Cano Sanchez, M., Canto, AC., Cardoso, LHD., Carvalho, E., Casado Pinna, M., Cassar, S., Cassina, AM., Castelo, MP., Castro, L., Cavalcanti-de-Albuquerque, JP., Cervinkova, Z., Chabi, B., Chakrabarti, L., Chakrabarti, S., Chaurasia, B., Chen, Q., Chicco, AJ., Chinopoulos, C., Chowdhury, SK., Cizmarova, B., Clementi, E., Coen, PM., Cohen, BH., Coker, RH., Collin, A., Crisostomo, L., Dahdah, N., Dalgaard, LT., Dambrova, M., Danhelovska, T., Darveau, CA., Das, AM., Dash, RK., Davidova, E., Davis, MS., De Goede, P., De Palma, C., Dembinska-Kiec, A., Detraux, D., Devaux, Y., Di Marcello, M., Dias, TR., Distefano, G., Doermann, N., Doerrier, C., Dong, L., Donnelly, C., Drahota, Z., Duarte, FV., Dubouchaud, H., Duchen, MR., Dumas, JF., Durham, WJ., Dymkowska, D., Dyrstad, SE., Dyson, A., Dzialowski, EM., Eaton, S., Ehinger, J., Elmer, E., Endlicher, R., Engin, AB., Escames, G., Ezrova, Z., Falk, MJ., Fell, DA., Ferdinandy, P., Ferko, M., Ferreira, JCB., Ferreira, R., Ferri, A., Fessel, JP., Filipovska, A., Fisar, Z., Fischer, C., Fischer, M., Fisher, G., Fisher, JJ., Ford, E., Fornaro, M., Galina, A., Galkin, A., Gallee, L., Galli, GL., Gama Perez, P., Gan, Z., Ganetzky, R., Garcia-Rivas, G., Garcia-Roves, PM., Garcia-Souza, LF., Garipi, E., Garlid, KD., Garrabou, G., Garten, A., Gastaldelli, A., Gayen, J., Genders, AJ., Genova, ML., Giovarelli, M., Goncalo Teixeira da Silva, R., Goncalves, DF., Gonzalez-Armenta, JL., Gonzalez-Freire, M., Gonzalo, H., Goodpaster, BH., Gorr, TA., Gourlay, CW., Granata, C., Grefte, S., Guarch, ME., Gueguen, N., Gumeni, S., Haas, CB., Haavik, J., Haendeler, J., Haider, M., Hamann, A., Han, J., Han, WH., Hancock, CR., Hand, SC., Handl, J., Hargreaves, IP., Harper, ME., Harrison, DK., Hassan, H., Hausenloy, DJ., Heales, SJR., Heiestad, C., Hellgren, KT., Hepple, RT., Hernansanz-Agustin, P., Hewakapuge, S., Hickey, AJ., Ho, DH., Hoehn, KL., Hoel, F., Holland, OJ., Holloway, GP., Hoppel, CL., Hoppel, F., Houstek, J., Huete-Ortega, M., Hyrossova, P., Iglesias-Gonzalez, J., Irving, BA., Isola, R., Iyer, S., Jackson, CB., Jadiya, P., Jana, PF., Jang, DH., Jang, YC., Janowska, J., Jansen, K., Jansen-Duerr, P., Jansone, B., Jarmuszkiewicz, W., Jaskiewicz, A., Jedlicka, J., Jespersen, NR., Jha, RK., Jurczak, MJ., Jurk, D., Kaambre, T., Kaczor, JJ., Kainulainen, H., Kampa, RP., Kandel, SM., Kane, DA., Kapferer, W., Kappler, L., Karabatsiakis, A., Karavaeva, I., Karkucinska-Wieckowska, A., Kaur, S., Keijer, J., Keller, MA., Keppner, G., Khamoui, AV., Kidere, D., Kilbaugh, T., Kim, HK., Kim, JKS., Klepinin, A., Klepinina, L., Klingenspor, M., Klocker, H., Komlodi, T., Koopman, WJH., Kopitar-Jerala, N., Kowaltowski, AJ., Kozlov, AV., Krajcova, A., Krako Jakovljevic, N., Kristal, BS., Krycer, JR., Kuang, J., Kucera, O., Kuka, J., Kwak, HB., Kwast, K., Laasmaa, M., Labieniec-Watala, M., Lagarrigue, S., Lai, N., Land, JM., Lane, N., Laner, V., Lanza, IR., Laranjinha, J., Larsen, TS., Lavery, GG., Lazou, A., Lee, HK., Leeuwenburgh, C., Lehti, M., Lemieux, H., Lenaz, G., Lerfall, J., Li, PA., Li Puma, L., Liepins, E., Liu, J., Lopez, LC., Lucchinetti, E., Ma, T., Macedo, MP., Maciej, S., MacMillan-Crow, LA., Majtnerova, P., Makarova, E., Makrecka-Kuka, M., Malik, AN., Markova, M., Martin, DS., Martins, AD., Martins, JD., Maseko, TE., Maull, F., Mazat, JP., McKenna, HT., McKenzie, M., Menze, MA., Merz, T., Meszaros, AT., Methner, A., Michalak, S., Moellering, DR., Moisoi, N., Molina, AJA., Montaigne, D., Moore, AL., Moreau, K., Moreira, BP., Moreno-Sanchez, R., Mracek, T., Muccini, AM., Munro, D., Muntane, J., Muntean, DM., Murray, AJ., Musiol, E., Nabben, M., Nair, KS., Nehlin, JO., Nemec, M., Neufer, PD., Neuzil, J., Neviere, R., Newsom, SA., Nozickova, K., O'Brien, KA., O'Gorman, D., Olgar, Y., Oliveira, B., Oliveira, MF., Oliveira, MT., Oliveira, PF., Oliveira, PJ., Orynbayeva, Z., Osiewacz, HD., Pak, YK., Pallotta, ML., Palmeira, CM., Parajuli, N., Passos, JF., Passrugger, M., Patel, HH., Pavlova, N., Pecina, P., Pedersen, TM., Pereira da Silva Grilo da Silva, F., Pereira, SP., Perez Valencia, JA., Perks, KL., Pesta, D., Petit, PX., Pettersen, IKN., Pichaud, N., Pichler, I., Piel, S., Pietka, TA., Pino, MF., Pirkmajer, S., Plangger, M., Porter, C., Porter, RK., Procaccio, V., Prochownik, EV., Prola, A., Pulinilkunnil, T., Puskarich, MA., Puurand, M., Radenkovic, F., Ramzan, R., Rattan, SIS., Reboredo, P., Renner-Sattler, K., Rial, E., Robinson, MM., Roden, M., Rodriguez, E., Rodriguez-Enriquez, S., Roesland, GV., Rohlena, J., Rolo, AP., Ropelle, ER., Rossignol, R., Rossiter, HB., Rubelj, I., Rybacka-Mossakowska, J., Saada, A., Safaei, Z., Saharnaz, S., Salin, K., Salvadego, D., Sandi, C., Saner, N., Sanz, A., Sazanov, LA., Scatena, R., Schartner, M., Scheibye-Knudsen, M., Schilling, JM., Schlattner, U., Schoenfeld, P., Schots, PC., Schulz, R., Schwarzer, C., Scott, GR., Selman, C., Shabalina, IG., Sharma, P., Sharma, V., Shevchuk, I., Shirazi, R., Shiroma, JG., Siewiera, K., Silber, AM., Silva, AM., Sims, CA., Singer, D., Singh, BK., Skolik, R., Smenes, BT., Smith, J., Soares, FAA., Sobotka, O., Sokolova, I., Sonkar, VK., Sowton, AP., Sparagna, GC., Sparks, LM., Spinazzi, M., Stankova, P., Starr, J., Stary, C., Stelfa, G., Stepto, NK., Stiban, J., Stier, A., Stocker, R., Storder, J., Sumbalova, Z., Suomalainen, A., Suravajhala, P., Svalbe, B., Swerdlow, RH., Swiniuch, D., Szabo, I., Szewczyk, A., Szibor, M., Tanaka, M., Tandler, B., Tarnopolsky, MA., Tausan, D., Tavernarakis, N., Tepp, K., Thakkar, H., Thapa, M., Thyfault, JP., Tomar, D., Ton, R., Torp, MK., Towheed, A., Tretter, L., Trewin, AJ., Trifunovic, A., Trivigno, C., Tronstad, KJ., Trougakos, IP., Truu, L., Tuncay, E., Turan, B., Tyrrell, DJ., Urban, T., Valentine, JM., Van Bergen, NJ., Van Hove, J., Varricchio, F., Vella, J., Vendelin, M., Vercesi, AE., Victor, VM., Vieira Ligo Teixeira, C., Vidimce, J., Viel, C., Vieyra, A., Vilks, K., Villena, JA., Vincent, V., Vinogradov, AD., Viscomi, C., Vitorino, RMP., Vogt, S., Volani, C., Volska, K., Votion, DM., Vujacic-Mirski, K., Wagner, BA., Ward, ML., Warnsmann, V., Wasserman, DH., Watala, C., Wei, YH., Whitfield, J., Wickert, A., Wieckowski, MR., Wiesner, RJ., Williams, CM., Winwood-Smith, H., Wohlgemuth, SE., Wohlwend, M., Wolff, JN., Wrutniak-Cabello, C., Wuest, RCI., Yokota, T., Zablocki, K., Zanon, A., Zanou, N., Zaugg, K., Zaugg, M., Zdrazilova, L., Zhang, Y., Zhang, YZ., Zikova, A., Zischka, H., Zorzano, A., and Zvejniece, L.

Subjects
Mitochondrial respiratory control, coupling control, mitochondrial preparations, protonmotive force, uncoupling, oxidative phosphorylation, OXPHOS, efficiency, electron transfer, ET, proton leak, LEAK, residual oxygen consumption, ROX, State 2, State 3, State 4, normalization, flow, flux, O2
Abstract

As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to human health expands, the necessity for harmonizing the terminologyconcerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. Thechemiosmotic theoryestablishes the mechanism of energy transformationandcoupling in oxidative phosphorylation. Theunifying concept of the protonmotive force providestheframeworkfordeveloping a consistent theoretical foundation ofmitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics.We followguidelines of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry(IUPAC)onterminology inphysical chemistry, extended by considerationsofopen systems and thermodynamicsof irreversible processes.Theconcept-driven constructive terminology incorporates the meaning of each quantity and alignsconcepts and symbols withthe nomenclature of classicalbioenergetics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view ofmitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes.Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimatelycontribute to reproducibility between laboratories and thussupport the development of databases of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells.Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery.

Published
2019

34. Mitochondrial respiratory states and rates: Building blocks of mitochondrial physiology (Part 1)

Author

Gnaiger, E., Ahn, B., Alves, M. G., Amati, F., Aral, C., Arandarčikaitė, O., Åsander Frostner, E., Bailey, David M., Bastos Sant'Anna Silva, A. C., Battino, M., Beard, D. A., Newsom, S., Robinson, M. M., Patel, H. H., Buettner, G. R., Pecina, P., Shevchuk, I., Pereira da Silva Grilo da Silva, F., Ben-Shachar, D., Pesta, D., Goodpaster, B. H., Zorzano, Antonio, Petit, P. X., Pichaud, N., Pirkmajer, S., Porter, R. K., Wagner, B. A., Pranger, F., Rohlena, J., Prochownik, E. V., Siewiera, K., Røsland, G. V., Ehinger, J., Rossiter, H. B., Towheed, A., Rybacka-Mossakowska, J., Dias, T., Salvadego, D., Jansen-Dürr, P., Scatena, R., Schartner, M., Scheibye-Knudsen, Morten, Breton, S., Cardoso, L.H.D., Schilling, J. M., Singer, D., Schlattner, U., Brown, R. A., Sobotka, O., Spinazzi, M., Ward, M. L., Brown, G. C., Gonzalo, H., Stankova, P., Labieniec-Watala, M., Stier, A., Stocker, R., Sumbalova, Zuzana, Doerrier, C., Suravajhala, P., Tretter, L., Tanaka, M., Duchen, Michael R., Trivigno, C., Tronstad, K. J., Carvalho, Eugenia, Drahota, Z., Jackson, C. B., Trougakos, I. P., Tyrrell, D. J., Urban, T., Velika, B., Gorr, T. A., Vercesi, A. E., Watala, C., Victor, V. M., Grefte, S., Wei, Y. H., Wieckowski, M. R., O'Gorman, D., Kucera, O., Wohlwend, M., Wolff, J., Wuest, R.C.I., Zaugg, K., Jespersen, N. R., Zaugg, M., Casado, Marta, Calabria, E., Červinková, Zuzana, Chang, S. C., Radenkovic, F., Moisoi, N., Chicco, A. J., Chinopoulos, C., Coen, P. M., Collins, J. L., Lai, N., Crisóstomo, L., Elmer, E., Davis, M. S., Han, J., Endlicher, R., Pak, Y. K., Fell, D. A., Jha, R. K., Ferko, M., Nozickova, K., Ferreira, J.C.B., Scott, G. R., Filipovska, A., Fisar, Z., Fisher, J., García-Rovés, Pablo M., Molina, A.J.A., Garcia-Souza, L. F., Harrison, D. K., Genova, M. L., Kaambre, T., Hellgren, K. T., Hernansanz-Agustín, Pablo, Laner, V., Holland, O., Puurand, M., Hoppel, C. L., Tepp, K., Houstek, J., Hunger, M., Iglesias-Gonzalez, J., Oliveira, P. F., Irving, B. A., Kane, D. A., Iyer, S., Orynbayeva, Z., Kappler, L., Karabatsiakis, A., Montaigne, D., Oliveira, P. J., Schoenfeld, P., Keijer, J., Keppner, G., Komlodi, T., Kopitar-Jerala, N., Reboredo, P., Krako Jakovljevic, N., Larsen, T. S., Kuang, J., Renner-Sattler, K., Lee, H. K., Lemieux, H., Bishop, D., Tandler, B., Lerfall, J., Lucchinetti, E., MacMillan-Crow, L. A., Makrecka-Kuka, M., Shabalina, I. G., Meszaros, A. T., Moore, A. L., Michalak, S., Moreira, B. P., Mracek, T., Distefano, G., Villena, J. A., Muntané, Jordi, Muntean, D. M., Murray, A. J., Nedergaard, J., Tomar, D., Nemec, M., Palmeira, C. M., and European Commission

Subjects
Mitochondrial preparations, Mitochondrial respiratory control, Proton leak, Flux, Flow, Coupling control, Efficiency, State 4, Protonmotive force, State 2, OXPHOS, Residual oxygen consumption, State 3, Electron transfer, Normalization, ROX, Oxidative phosphorylation, LEAK, ET
Abstract

Supporting co-authors: Bakker BM, Bernardi P, Boetker HE, Borsheim E, Borutaitė V, Bouitbir J, Calbet JA, Calzia E, Chaurasia B, Clementi E, Coker RH, Collin A, Das AM, De Palma C, Dubouchaud H, Durham WJ, Dyrstad SE, Engin AB, Fornaro M, Gan Z, Garlid KD, Garten A, Gourlay CW, Granata C, Haas CB, Haavik J, Haendeler J, Hand SC, Hepple RT, Hickey AJ, Hoel F, Jang DH, Kainulainen H, Khamoui AV, Klingenspor M, Koopman WJH, Kowaltowski AJ, Krajcova A, Lane N, Lenaz G, Malik A, Markova M, Mazat JP, Menze MA, Methner A, Neuzil J, Oliveira MT, Pallotta ML, Parajuli N, Pettersen IKN, Porter C, Pulinilkunnil T, Ropelle ER, Salin K, Sandi C, Sazanov LA, Silber AM, Skolik R, Smenes BT, Soares FAA, Sokolova I, Sonkar VK, Swerdlow RH, Szabo I, Trifunovic A, Thyfault JP, Valentine JM, Vieyra A, Votion DM, Williams C, Zischka H, As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to human health expand, the necessity for harmonizing nomenclature concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature are key trademarks of a research field. These trademarks facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery. Peter Mitchell’s chemiosmotic theory establishes the link between vectorial and scalar energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theory and nomenclature for mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. Herein, we follow IUPAC guidelines on general terms of physical chemistry, extended by considerations on open systems and irreversible thermodynamics. We align the nomenclature and symbols of classical bioenergetics with a concept-driven constructive terminology to express the meaning of each quantity clearly and consistently. In this position statement, in the frame of COST Action MitoEAGLE, we endeavour to provide a balanced view on mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately support the development of databases of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells., We thank M. Beno for management assistance. Supported by COST Action CA15203 MitoEAGLE and K-Regio project MitoFit (E.G.).

Published
2018
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43. Mitochondrial respiratory states and rates: Building blocks of mitochondrial physiology (Part 1)

Author

European Commission, Gnaiger, E., Ahn, B., Alves, M. G., Amati, F., Aral, C., Arandarčikaitė, O., Åsander Frostner, E., Bailey, David M., Bastos Sant'Anna Silva, A. C., Battino, M., Beard, D. A., Newsom, S., Robinson, M. M., Patel, H. H., Buettner, G. R., Pecina, P., Shevchuk, I., Pereira da Silva Grilo da Silva, F., Ben-Shachar, D., Pesta, D., Goodpaster, B. H., Zorzano, Antonio, Petit, P. X., Pichaud, N., Pirkmajer, S., Porter, R. K., Wagner, B. A., Pranger, F., Rohlena, J., Prochownik, E. V., Siewiera, K., Røsland, G. V., Ehinger, J., Rossiter, H. B., Towheed, A., Rybacka-Mossakowska, J., Dias, T., Salvadego, D., Jansen-Dürr, P., Scatena, R., Schartner, M., Scheibye-Knudsen, Morten, Breton, S., Cardoso, L.H.D., Schilling, J. M., Singer, D., Schlattner, U., Brown, R. A., Sobotka, O., Spinazzi, M., Ward, M. L., Brown, G. C., Gonzalo, H., Stankova, P., Labieniec-Watala, M., Stier, A., Stocker, R., Sumbalova, Zuzana, Doerrier, C., Suravajhala, P., Tretter, L., Tanaka, M., Duchen, Michael R., Trivigno, C., Tronstad, K. J., Carvalho, Eugenia, Drahota, Z., Jackson, C. B., Trougakos, I. P., Tyrrell, D. J., Urban, T., Velika, B., Gorr, T. A., Vercesi, A. E., Watala, C., Victor, V. M., Grefte, S., Wei, Y. H., Wieckowski, M. R., O'Gorman, D., Kucera, O., Wohlwend, M., Wolff, J., Wuest, R.C.I., Zaugg, K., Jespersen, N. R., Zaugg, M., Casado, Marta, Calabria, E., Červinková, Zuzana, Chang, S. C., Radenkovic, F., Moisoi, N., Chicco, A. J., Chinopoulos, C., Coen, P. M., Collins, J. L., Lai, N., Crisóstomo, L., Elmer, E., Davis, M. S., Han, J., Endlicher, R., Pak, Y. K., Fell, D. A., Jha, R. K., Ferko, M., Nozickova, K., Ferreira, J.C.B., Scott, G. R., Filipovska, A., Fisar, Z., Fisher, J., García-Rovés, Pablo M., Molina, A.J.A., Garcia-Souza, L. F., Harrison, D. K., Genova, M. L., Kaambre, T., Hellgren, K. T., Hernansanz-Agustín, Pablo, Laner, V., Holland, O., Puurand, M., Hoppel, C. L., Tepp, K., Houstek, J., Hunger, M., Iglesias-Gonzalez, J., Oliveira, P. F., Irving, B. A., Kane, D. A., Iyer, S., Orynbayeva, Z., Kappler, L., Karabatsiakis, A., Montaigne, D., Oliveira, P. J., Schoenfeld, P., Keijer, J., Keppner, G., Komlodi, T., Kopitar-Jerala, N., Reboredo, P., Krako Jakovljevic, N., Larsen, T. S., Kuang, J., Renner-Sattler, K., Lee, H. K., Lemieux, H., Bishop, D., Tandler, B., Lerfall, J., Lucchinetti, E., MacMillan-Crow, L. A., Makrecka-Kuka, M., Shabalina, I. G., Meszaros, A. T., Moore, A. L., Michalak, S., Moreira, B. P., Mracek, T., Distefano, G., Villena, J. A., Muntané, Jordi, Muntean, D. M., Murray, A. J., Nedergaard, J., Tomar, D., Nemec, M., Palmeira, C. M., European Commission, Gnaiger, E., Ahn, B., Alves, M. G., Amati, F., Aral, C., Arandarčikaitė, O., Åsander Frostner, E., Bailey, David M., Bastos Sant'Anna Silva, A. C., Battino, M., Beard, D. A., Newsom, S., Robinson, M. M., Patel, H. H., Buettner, G. R., Pecina, P., Shevchuk, I., Pereira da Silva Grilo da Silva, F., Ben-Shachar, D., Pesta, D., Goodpaster, B. H., Zorzano, Antonio, Petit, P. X., Pichaud, N., Pirkmajer, S., Porter, R. K., Wagner, B. A., Pranger, F., Rohlena, J., Prochownik, E. V., Siewiera, K., Røsland, G. V., Ehinger, J., Rossiter, H. B., Towheed, A., Rybacka-Mossakowska, J., Dias, T., Salvadego, D., Jansen-Dürr, P., Scatena, R., Schartner, M., Scheibye-Knudsen, Morten, Breton, S., Cardoso, L.H.D., Schilling, J. M., Singer, D., Schlattner, U., Brown, R. A., Sobotka, O., Spinazzi, M., Ward, M. L., Brown, G. C., Gonzalo, H., Stankova, P., Labieniec-Watala, M., Stier, A., Stocker, R., Sumbalova, Zuzana, Doerrier, C., Suravajhala, P., Tretter, L., Tanaka, M., Duchen, Michael R., Trivigno, C., Tronstad, K. J., Carvalho, Eugenia, Drahota, Z., Jackson, C. B., Trougakos, I. P., Tyrrell, D. J., Urban, T., Velika, B., Gorr, T. A., Vercesi, A. E., Watala, C., Victor, V. M., Grefte, S., Wei, Y. H., Wieckowski, M. R., O'Gorman, D., Kucera, O., Wohlwend, M., Wolff, J., Wuest, R.C.I., Zaugg, K., Jespersen, N. R., Zaugg, M., Casado, Marta, Calabria, E., Červinková, Zuzana, Chang, S. C., Radenkovic, F., Moisoi, N., Chicco, A. J., Chinopoulos, C., Coen, P. M., Collins, J. L., Lai, N., Crisóstomo, L., Elmer, E., Davis, M. S., Han, J., Endlicher, R., Pak, Y. K., Fell, D. A., Jha, R. K., Ferko, M., Nozickova, K., Ferreira, J.C.B., Scott, G. R., Filipovska, A., Fisar, Z., Fisher, J., García-Rovés, Pablo M., Molina, A.J.A., Garcia-Souza, L. F., Harrison, D. K., Genova, M. L., Kaambre, T., Hellgren, K. T., Hernansanz-Agustín, Pablo, Laner, V., Holland, O., Puurand, M., Hoppel, C. L., Tepp, K., Houstek, J., Hunger, M., Iglesias-Gonzalez, J., Oliveira, P. F., Irving, B. A., Kane, D. A., Iyer, S., Orynbayeva, Z., Kappler, L., Karabatsiakis, A., Montaigne, D., Oliveira, P. J., Schoenfeld, P., Keijer, J., Keppner, G., Komlodi, T., Kopitar-Jerala, N., Reboredo, P., Krako Jakovljevic, N., Larsen, T. S., Kuang, J., Renner-Sattler, K., Lee, H. K., Lemieux, H., Bishop, D., Tandler, B., Lerfall, J., Lucchinetti, E., MacMillan-Crow, L. A., Makrecka-Kuka, M., Shabalina, I. G., Meszaros, A. T., Moore, A. L., Michalak, S., Moreira, B. P., Mracek, T., Distefano, G., Villena, J. A., Muntané, Jordi, Muntean, D. M., Murray, A. J., Nedergaard, J., Tomar, D., Nemec, M., and Palmeira, C. M.

Abstract

As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to human health expand, the necessity for harmonizing nomenclature concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature are key trademarks of a research field. These trademarks facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery. Peter Mitchell’s chemiosmotic theory establishes the link between vectorial and scalar energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theory and nomenclature for mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. Herein, we follow IUPAC guidelines on general terms of physical chemistry, extended by considerations on open systems and irreversible thermodynamics. We align the nomenclature and symbols of classical bioenergetics with a concept-driven constructive terminology to express the meaning of each quantity clearly and consistently. In this position statement, in the frame of COST Action MitoEAGLE, we endeavour to provide a balanced view on mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately support the development of databases of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells.

Published
2018

45. Scion–rootstock interactions influence the growth and behaviour of the grapevine root system in a heavy clay soil.

Author

Ferlito, F., Distefano, G., Gentile, A., Allegra, M., Lakso, A.N., and Nicolosi, E.

Subjects
*CLAY soils, *GRAPES, *ROOT growth, *VITIS vinifera, *CLIMBING plants
Abstract

Background and Aims: Generally, grapevine roots have been less studied than the above‐ground parts of the plant. Here we analyse scion–rootstock interactions in mature vines growing in a heavy clay soil in a climate characterised by severe summer drought to investigate the effect of the scion–rootstock interaction in a suboptimal soil. Methods and Results: The rootstocks, 34 Ecole de Montpellier, 140 Ruggeri and 1103 Paulsen, were grafted onto Nerello Mascalese and Nero d'Avola scions and assessed along with self‐rooted vines. Root distribution and root architecture were analysed using the profile wall method at 0, 60 and 120 cm from the row midline. Root density was greatest at a depth between 21 and 60 cm. The cumulative root fraction for root density registered a β value, a numerical quantity that summarises depth distribution, ranging between 0.932 and 0.962. Root number and density were significantly lower for the self‐rooted vines compared to that of the grafted vines. Conclusions: The scion genotypes affected most developmental parameters, including the diameter of the root system, the root density at 21–80 cm depth and the ratio of fine roots to coarse roots. Significance of the Study: The scion plays an important role in grapevine root growth, development and distribution in a heavy clay soil, although the mechanism remains unclear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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