Search

Your search keyword '"Dise, Nancy B."' showing total 311 results
Start Over Author "Dise, Nancy B."
311 results on '"Dise, Nancy B."'

1. Riverine concentrations and export of dissolved silicon, and potential controls on nutrient stoichiometry, across the land–ocean continuum in Great Britain

Author

Tye, Andrew M., Jarvie, Helen P., Spears, Bryan M., Dise, Nancy B., Williamson, Jennifer L., Lapworth, Dan J., Monteith, Don, Sanders, Richard, Mayor, Daniel J., Bowes, Michael J., Bowes, Michael, Burden, Annette, Callaghan, Nathan, Farr, Gareth, Felgate, Stacey, Gibb, Stuart, Gilbert, Pete, Hargreaves, Geoff, Humphrey, Olivier S., Keenan, Patrick, Kitidis, Vassilis, Jürgens, Monika D., Martin, Adrian, Pearson, Monty, Nightingale, Philip D., Gloria Pereira, M., Olszewska, Justyna, Pickard, Amy, Rees, Andrew P., Stinchcombe, Mark, Worrall, Fred, and Evans, Chris D.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Dissolved inorganic carbon export from rivers of Great Britain: Spatial distribution and potential catchment-scale controls

Author

Tye, Andrew M., Williamson, Jennifer L., Jarvie, Helen P., Dise, Nancy B., Lapworth, Dan J., Monteith, Don, Sanders, Richard, Mayor, Daniel J., Bowes, Michael J., Bowes, Michael, Burden, Annette, Callaghan, Nathan, Farr, Gareth, Felgate, Stacey L., Gibb, Stuart, Gilbert, Pete J., Hargreaves, Geoff, Keenan, Patrick, Kitidis, Vassilis, Jürgens, Monika D., Martin, Adrian, Mounteney, Ian, Nightingale, Philip D., Gloria Pereira, M., Olszewska, Justyna, Pickard, Amy, Rees, Andrew P., Spears, Bryan, Stinchcombe, Mark, White, Debbie, Williams, Peter, Worrall, Fred, and Evans, Chris D.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. Atmospheric nitrogen deposition is related to plant biodiversity loss at multiple spatial scales.

Author

van der Plas, Fons, Hautier, Yann, Ceulemans, Tobias, Alard, Didier, Bobbink, Roland, Diekmann, Martin, Dise, Nancy B., Dorland, Edu, Dupré, Cecilia, Gowing, David, and Stevens, Carly

Subjects
ATMOSPHERIC nitrogen, ATMOSPHERIC deposition, PLANT diversity, SPECIES diversity, ENVIRONMENTAL degradation
Abstract

Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Sources, Composition, and Export of Particulate Organic Matter Across British Estuaries

Author

García‐Martín, E. Elena, primary, Sanders, Richard, additional, Evans, Chris D., additional, Kitidis, Vassilis, additional, Lapworth, Dan J., additional, Spears, Bryan M., additional, Tye, Andy, additional, Williamson, Jennifer L., additional, Balfour, Chris, additional, Best, Mike, additional, Bowes, Michael, additional, Breimann, Sarah, additional, Brown, Ian J., additional, Burden, Annette, additional, Callaghan, Nathan, additional, Dise, Nancy B., additional, Farr, Gareth, additional, Felgate, Stacey L., additional, Fishwick, James, additional, Fraser, Mike, additional, Gibb, Stuart, additional, Gilbert, Pete J., additional, Godsell, Nina, additional, Gomez‐Castillo, Africa P., additional, Hargreaves, Geoff, additional, Harris, Carolyn, additional, Jones, Oban, additional, Kennedy, Paul, additional, Lichtschlag, Anna, additional, Martin, Adrian P., additional, May, Rebecca, additional, Mawji, Edward, additional, Mounteney, Ian, additional, Nightingale, Philip D., additional, Olszewska, Justyna P., additional, Painter, Stuart C., additional, Pearce, Christopher R., additional, Pereira, M. Glória, additional, Peel, Kate, additional, Pickard, Amy, additional, Stephens, John A., additional, Stinchcombe, Mark, additional, Thornton, Barry, additional, Woodward, E. Malcolm S., additional, Yarrow, Deborah, additional, and Mayor, Daniel J., additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Assessment of Wet Inorganic Nitrogen Deposition in an Oil Palm Plantation-Forest Matrix Environment in Borneo

Author

Sellan, Giacomo, Majalap, Noreen, Thompson, Jill, Dise, Nancy B., Field, Chris D., Pappalardo, Salvatore E., Codato, Daniele, Robert, Rolando, Brearley, Francis Q., Sellan, Giacomo, Majalap, Noreen, Thompson, Jill, Dise, Nancy B., Field, Chris D., Pappalardo, Salvatore E., Codato, Daniele, Robert, Rolando, and Brearley, Francis Q.

Abstract

Nitrogen (N) deposition significantly affects forest dynamics, carbon stocks and biodiversity, and numerous assessments of N fluxes and impacts exist in temperate latitudes. In tropical latitudes, however, there are few such assessments. In this study, we measured the inorganic N concentration (wet deposition) deposited in rainfall and rainfall pH throughout one year at the boundary of a forest reserve in Malaysian Borneo. We considered that the N deposition may be either from forest and agricultural fires or derived from agricultural fertiliser. Therefore, we determined the wind trajectories using the HYSPLIT model provided by NOAA, the location of fires throughout the landscape throughout one year using NASA's FIRM system, and obtained the land use cover map of Malaysia and Indonesia. We then correlated our monthly cumulative wet N deposition with the cumulative number of fires and the cumulative area of oil palm plantation that wind trajectories arriving at our study site passed over before reaching the rainfall sampling site. At 7.45 kg N ha(-1) year(-1), our study site had the highest annual wet inorganic N deposition recorded for a Malaysian forest environment. The fire season and the cumulative agricultural area crossed by the winds had no significant effect on N deposition, rainfall N concentration, or rainfall pH. We suggest that future research should use N-15 isotopes in rainfall to provide further information on the sources of N deposition in tropical forests such as this.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

11. Sources, Composition, and Export of Particulate Organic Matter Across British Estuaries

Author

Garcia-Martin, E. Elena, Sanders, Richard, Evans, Chris D., Kitidis, Vassilis, Lapworth, Dan J., Spears, Bryan M., Tye, Andy, Williamson, Jennifer L., Balfour, Chris, Best, Mike, Bowes, Michael, Breimann, Sarah, Brown, Ian J., Burden, Annette, Callaghan, Nathan, Dise, Nancy B., Farr, Gareth, Felgate, Stacey L., Fishwick, James, Fraser, Mike, Gibb, Stuart, Gilbert, Pete J., Godsell, Nina, Gomez-Castillo, Africa P., Hargreaves, Geoff, Harris, Carolyn, Jones, Oban, Kennedy, Paul, Lichtschlag, Anna, Martin, Adrian P., May, Rebecca, Mawji, Edward, Mounteney, Ian, Nightingale, Philip D., Olszewska, Justyna P., Painter, Stuart C., Pearce, Christopher R., Pereira, M. Gloria, Peel, Kate, Pickard, Amy, Stephens, John A., Stinchcombe, Mark, Thornton, Barry, Woodward, E. Malcolm S., Yarrow, Deborah, Mayor, Daniel J., Garcia-Martin, E. Elena, Sanders, Richard, Evans, Chris D., Kitidis, Vassilis, Lapworth, Dan J., Spears, Bryan M., Tye, Andy, Williamson, Jennifer L., Balfour, Chris, Best, Mike, Bowes, Michael, Breimann, Sarah, Brown, Ian J., Burden, Annette, Callaghan, Nathan, Dise, Nancy B., Farr, Gareth, Felgate, Stacey L., Fishwick, James, Fraser, Mike, Gibb, Stuart, Gilbert, Pete J., Godsell, Nina, Gomez-Castillo, Africa P., Hargreaves, Geoff, Harris, Carolyn, Jones, Oban, Kennedy, Paul, Lichtschlag, Anna, Martin, Adrian P., May, Rebecca, Mawji, Edward, Mounteney, Ian, Nightingale, Philip D., Olszewska, Justyna P., Painter, Stuart C., Pearce, Christopher R., Pereira, M. Gloria, Peel, Kate, Pickard, Amy, Stephens, John A., Stinchcombe, Mark, Thornton, Barry, Woodward, E. Malcolm S., Yarrow, Deborah, and Mayor, Daniel J.

Abstract

Estuaries receive and process a large amount of particulate organic carbon (POC) prior to its export into coastal waters. Studying the origin of this POC is key to understanding the fate of POC and the role of estuaries in the global carbon cycle. Here, we evaluated the concentrations of POC, as well as particulate organic nitrogen (PON), and used stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes to assess their sources across 13 contrasting British estuaries during five different sampling campaigns over 1 year. We found a high variability in POC and PON concentrations across the salinity gradient, reflecting inputs, and losses of organic material within the estuaries. Catchment land cover appeared to influence the contribution of POC to the total organic carbon flux from the estuary to coastal waters, with POC contributions >36% in estuaries draining catchments with a high percentage of urban/suburban land, and <11% in estuaries draining catchments with a high peatland cover. There was no seasonal pattern in the isotopic composition of POC and PON, suggesting similar sources for each estuary over time. Carbon isotopic ratios were depleted (-26.7 +/- 0.42 parts per thousand, average +/- sd) at the lowest salinity waters, indicating mainly terrigenous POC (TPOC). Applying a two-source mixing model, we observed high variability in the contribution of TPOC at the highest salinity waters between estuaries, with a median value of 57%. Our results indicate a large transport of terrigenous organic carbon into coastal waters, where it may be buried, remineralized, or transported offshore. Plain Language Summary Estuaries transport and process a large amount terrigenous particulate organic matter (i.e., carbon and nitrogen) prior to its export to coastal waters. In order to understand the fate of organic carbon and the role of estuaries in the global carbon cycle it is essential to improve our knowledge on its composition, origin, and amount of carbon transported. We quantified the

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. Sources, composition, and export of particulate organic matter across British estuaries

Author

García‐Martín, E. Elena, Sanders, Richard, Evans, Chris D., Kitidis, Vassilis, Lapworth, Dan J., Spears, Bryan M., Tye, Andy, Williamson, Jennifer L., Balfour, Chris, Best, Mike, Bowes, Michael, Breimann, Sarah, Brown, Ian J., Burden, Annette, Callaghan, Nathan, Dise, Nancy B., Farr, Gareth, Felgate, Stacey L., Fishwick, James, Fraser, Mike, Gibb, Stuart, Gilbert, Pete J., Godsell, Nina, Gomez‐Castillo, Africa P., Hargreaves, Geoff, Harris, Carolyn, Jones, Oban, Kennedy, Paul, Lichtschlag, Anna, Martin, Adrian P., May, Rebecca, Mawji, Edward, Mounteney, Ian, Nightingale, Philip D., Olszewska, Justyna P., Painter, Stuart C., Pearce, Christopher R., Pereira, M. Glória, Peel, Kate, Pickard, Amy, Stephens, John A., Stinchcombe, Mark, Thornton, Barry, Woodward, E. Malcolm S., Yarrow, Deborah, Mayor, Daniel J., García‐Martín, E. Elena, Sanders, Richard, Evans, Chris D., Kitidis, Vassilis, Lapworth, Dan J., Spears, Bryan M., Tye, Andy, Williamson, Jennifer L., Balfour, Chris, Best, Mike, Bowes, Michael, Breimann, Sarah, Brown, Ian J., Burden, Annette, Callaghan, Nathan, Dise, Nancy B., Farr, Gareth, Felgate, Stacey L., Fishwick, James, Fraser, Mike, Gibb, Stuart, Gilbert, Pete J., Godsell, Nina, Gomez‐Castillo, Africa P., Hargreaves, Geoff, Harris, Carolyn, Jones, Oban, Kennedy, Paul, Lichtschlag, Anna, Martin, Adrian P., May, Rebecca, Mawji, Edward, Mounteney, Ian, Nightingale, Philip D., Olszewska, Justyna P., Painter, Stuart C., Pearce, Christopher R., Pereira, M. Glória, Peel, Kate, Pickard, Amy, Stephens, John A., Stinchcombe, Mark, Thornton, Barry, Woodward, E. Malcolm S., Yarrow, Deborah, and Mayor, Daniel J.

Abstract

Estuaries receive and process a large amount of particulate organic carbon (POC) prior to its export into coastal waters. Studying the origin of this POC is key to understanding the fate of POC and the role of estuaries in the global carbon cycle. Here, we evaluated the concentrations of POC, as well as particulate organic nitrogen (PON), and used stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes to assess their sources across 13 contrasting British estuaries during five different sampling campaigns over 1 year. We found a high variability in POC and PON concentrations across the salinity gradient, reflecting inputs, and losses of organic material within the estuaries. Catchment land cover appeared to influence the contribution of POC to the total organic carbon flux from the estuary to coastal waters, with POC contributions >36% in estuaries draining catchments with a high percentage of urban/suburban land, and <11% in estuaries draining catchments with a high peatland cover. There was no seasonal pattern in the isotopic composition of POC and PON, suggesting similar sources for each estuary over time. Carbon isotopic ratios were depleted (−26.7 ± 0.42‰, average ± sd) at the lowest salinity waters, indicating mainly terrigenous POC (TPOC). Applying a two-source mixing model, we observed high variability in the contribution of TPOC at the highest salinity waters between estuaries, with a median value of 57%. Our results indicate a large transport of terrigenous organic carbon into coastal waters, where it may be buried, remineralized, or transported offshore.

Published
2023

13. The Effects of Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition on Terrestrial and Freshwater Biodiversity

Author

Baron, Jill S., Barber, Mary, Adams, Mark, Agboola, Julius I., Allen, Edith B., Bealey, William J., Bobbink, Roland, Bobrovsky, Maxim V., Bowman, William D, Branquinho, Cristina, Bustamente, Mercedes M.C., Clark, Christopher M., Cocking, Edward C., Cruz, Cristina, Davidson, Eric, Denmead, O. Tom, Dias, Teresa, Dise, Nancy B., Feest, Alan, Galloway, James N., Geiser, Linda H., Gilliam, Frank S., Harrison, Ian J., Khanina, Larisa G., Lu, Xiankai, Manrique, Esteban, Hueso, Raúl Ochoa, Ometto, Jean P.H.B., Payne, Richard, Scheuschner, Thomas, Sheppard, Lucy J., Simpson, Gavin L., Singh, Y. V., Stevens, Carly J., Strachan, Ian, Sverdrup, Harald, Tokuchi, Naoko, Dobben, Hans van, Woodin, Sarah, Sutton, Mark A., editor, Mason, Kate E., editor, Sheppard, Lucy J., editor, Sverdrup, Harald, editor, Haeuber, Richard, editor, and Hicks, W. Kevin, editor

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Biodiversity of Acid Grasslands in the Atlantic Regions of Europe: The Impact of Nitrogen Deposition

Author

Stevens, Carly J., Duprè, Cecilia, Dorland, Edu, Gaudnik, Cassandre, Gowing, David J. G., Bleeker, Albert, Diekmann, Martin, Alard, Didier, Bobbink, Roland, Fowler, David, Corcket, Emmanuel, Mountford, J. Owen, Vandvik, Vigdis, Aarrestad, Per Arild, Muller, Serge, Dise, Nancy B., Sutton, Mark A., editor, Mason, Kate E., editor, Sheppard, Lucy J., editor, Sverdrup, Harald, editor, Haeuber, Richard, editor, and Hicks, W. Kevin, editor

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

19. Plant community responses to experimental climate manipulation in a Welsh ombrotrophic peatland and their palaeoenvironmental context

Author

Andrews, Luke O., Rowson, James G., Caporn, Simon J.M., Dise, Nancy B., Barton, Eleanor, Garrett, Ed, Gehrels, W. Roland, Gehrels, Maria, Kay, Martin, Payne, Richard J., Andrews, Luke O., Rowson, James G., Caporn, Simon J.M., Dise, Nancy B., Barton, Eleanor, Garrett, Ed, Gehrels, W. Roland, Gehrels, Maria, Kay, Martin, and Payne, Richard J.

Abstract

We test whether vegetation community composition from a 10-year climate manipulation experiment on a Welsh peat bog resembles vegetation communities during periods of climate change inferred from a peat core. Experimentally warmed and combined warmed and droughted treatments drove significant increases in ericaceous shrubs but Sphagnum was unaffected. Similarly, Calluna vulgaris seeds increase during inferred warmer periods in the palaeoecological record. Experimental short-term episodic drought (four 4-week drought treatments) did not affect vegetation. Plant community composition has undergone several abrupt changes throughout the past c. 1500 years, often in response to human disturbance. Only slight changes occurred during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (c. 950–1250 Common Era [CE]) in vegetation and hydrology, while abrupt changes occurred during the Little Ice Age (c. 1300–1850 CE) when water tables were highest, suggesting that these shifts were driven by changes in water table, modulated by climate. A period of water table drawdown c. 1800, synchronous with historical records of increased drainage, corresponds with the development of the present-day vegetation community. Modern analogues for fossil material, characterized by abundant Rhynchospora alba and Sphagnum pulchrum, are more common after this event. Vegetation changes due to climate inferred from the palaeo record differ from those observed in the experiments, possibly relating to differences in the importance of drivers of vegetation change over varying timescales. Whereas temperature is frequently identified as the dominant driver of plant community change in experiments, sustained changes in water table appear to be more important in the long-term record. We find evidence that recent climate change and other anthropogenic stressors (e.g. drainage, heavy metal and nitrogen pollution) may promote the development of novel plant communities without analogues in the fossil record. These communities may b

Published
2022

20. Plant community responses to experimental climate manipulation in a Welsh ombrotrophic peatland and their palaeoenvironmental context

Author

Andrews, Luke O, Rowson, James G, Caporn, Simon JM, Dise, Nancy B, Barton, Eleanor, Garrett, Ed, Roland. Gehrels, W, Gehrels, Maria, Kay, Martin, Payne, Richard J, Andrews, Luke O, Rowson, James G, Caporn, Simon JM, Dise, Nancy B, Barton, Eleanor, Garrett, Ed, Roland. Gehrels, W, Gehrels, Maria, Kay, Martin, and Payne, Richard J

Abstract

We test whether vegetation community composition from a 10-year climate manipulation experiment on a Welsh peat bog resembles vegetation communities during periods of climate change inferred from a peat core. Experimentally warmed and combined warmed and droughted treatments drove significant increases in ericaceous shrubs but Sphagnum was unaffected. Similarly, Calluna vulgaris seeds increase during inferred warmer periods in the palaeoecological record. Experimental short-term episodic drought (four 4-week drought treatments) did not affect vegetation. Plant community composition has undergone several abrupt changes throughout the past c. 1500 years, often in response to human disturbance. Only slight changes occurred during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (c. 950-1250 CE) in vegetation and hydrology, while abrupt changes occurred during the Little Ice Age (c. 1300-1850 CE) when water tables were highest, suggesting that these shifts were driven by changes in water table, modulated by climate. A period of water table drawdown c. 1800, synchronous with historical records of increased drainage, corresponds with the development of the present-day vegetation community. Modern analogues for fossil material, characterised by abundant Rhyncospora alba and Sphagnum pulchrum, are more common after this event. Vegetation changes due to climate inferred from the palaeo record differ from those observed in the experiments, possibly relating to differences in the importance of drivers of vegetation change over varying timescales. Whereas temperature is frequently identified as the dominant driver of plant community change in experiments, sustained changes in water table appear to be more important in the long-term record. We find evidence that recent climate change and other anthropogenic stressors (e.g., drainage, heavy metal, and nitrogen pollution) may promote the development of novel plant communities without analogues in the fossil record. These communities may be poorer at

Published
2022

25. Carbon Cycle Responses to Experimental Drought and Warming in a Welsh Ombrotrophic Peatland in the Context of Late Holocene Carbon Accumulation

Author

Andrews, Luke Oliver, primary, Rowson, James Graham, additional, Caporn, Simon J. M., additional, Dise, Nancy B., additional, Beckwith, Michael, additional, Blake, William H., additional, Garrett, Ed, additional, Gehrels, Willem Roland, additional, Gehrels, Maria, additional, and Payne, Richard John, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

30. Carbon-nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation - Part 2 : Untangling climatic, edaphic, management and nitrogen deposition effects on carbon sequestration potentials

Author

Sutton, Mark A., Flechard, Chris R., Van Oijen, Marcel, Cameron, David R., De Vries, Wim, Ibrom, Andreas, Buchmann, Nina, DIse, Nancy B., Janssens, Ivan A., Neirynck, Johan, Montagnani, Leonardo, Varlagin, Andrej, Loustau, Denis, Legout, Arnaud, Ziemblińska, Klaudia, Aubinet, Marc, Aurela, Mika, Chojnicki, Bogdan H., Drewer, Julia, Eugster, Werner, Francez, Andre Jean, Juszczak, Radoslaw, Kitzler, Barbara, Kutsch, Werner L., Lohila, Annalea, Longdoz, Bernard, Matteucci, Giorgio, Moreaux, Virginie, Neftel, Albrecht, Olejnik, Janusz, Sanz, Maria J., Siemens, Jan, Vesala, Timo, Vincke, Caroline, Nemitz, Eiko, Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie, Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, Skiba, Ute M., Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), Micrometeorology and biogeochemical cycles, and Ecosystem processes (INAR Forest Sciences)

Subjects
4112 Forestry, WIMEK, NET ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE, ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION, TEMPERATE, respiratory system, complex mixtures, respiratory tract diseases, TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS, DRY DEPOSITION, Environmental Systems Analysis, RESPIRATION, Milieusysteemanalyse, SOIL SOLUTION CHEMISTRY, BOREAL FORESTS, Life Science, REACTIVE NITROGEN, CYCLE, 1172 Environmental sciences
Abstract

The effects of atmospheric nitrogen deposition (N-dep) on carbon (C) sequestration in forests have often been assessed by relating differences in productivity to spatial variations of N-dep across a large geographic domain. These correlations generally suffer from covariation of other confounding variables related to climate and other growth-limiting factors, as well as large uncertainties in total (dry + wet) reactive nitrogen (N-r) deposition. We propose a methodology for untangling the effects of N-dep from those of meteorological variables, soil water retention capacity and stand age, using a mechanistic forest growth model in combination with eddy covariance CO2 exchange fluxes from a Europe-wide network of 22 forest flux towers. Total N-r deposition rates were estimated from local measurements as far as possible. The forest data were compared with data from natural or semi-natural, non-woody vegetation sites. The response of forest net ecosystem productivity to nitrogen deposition (dNEP/dN(dep)) was estimated after accounting for the effects on gross primary productivity (GPP) of the co-correlates by means of a meta-modelling standardization procedure, which resulted in a reduction by a factor of about 2 of the uncorrected, apparent dGPP/dN(dep) value. This model-enhanced analysis of the C and N-dep flux observations at the scale of the European network suggests a mean overall dNEP/dN(dep) response of forest lifetime C sequestration to N-dep of the order of 40-50 g C per g N, which is slightly larger but not significantly different from the range of estimates published in the most recent reviews. Importantly, patterns of gross primary and net ecosystem productivity versus N-dep were non-linear, with no further growth responses at high N-dep levels (N-dep > 2.5-3 gNm(-2) yr(-1)) but accompanied by increasingly large ecosystem N losses by leaching and gaseous emissions. The reduced increase in productivity per unit N deposited at high N-dep levels implies that the forecast increased N-r emissions and increased N-dep levels in large areas of Asia may not positively impact the continent's forest CO2 sink. The large level of unexplained variability in observed carbon sequestration efficiency (CSE) across sites further adds to the uncertainty in the dC/dN response.

Published
2020

31. Carbon-nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation - Part 1: Fluxes and budgets of carbon, nitrogen and greenhouse gases from ecosystem monitoring and modelling

Author

Flechard, Chris R., Ibrom, Andreas, Skiba, Ute M., de Vries, Wim, Van Oijen, Marcel, Cameron, David R., Dise, Nancy B., Korhonen, Janne F.J., Buchmann, Nina, Legout, Arnaud, Simpson, David, Sanz, Maria J., Aubinet, Marc, Loustau, Denis, Montagnani, Leonardo, Neirynck, Johan, Janssens, Ivan A., Pihlatie, Mari, Kiese, Ralf, Siemens, Jan, Francez, André-Jean, Augustin, Jürgen, Varlagin, Andrej, Olejnik, Janusz, Juszczak, Radosław, Aurela, Mika, Berveiller, Daniel, Chojnicki, Bogdan H., Dämmgen, Ulrich, Delpierre, Nicolas, Djuricic, Vesna, Drewer, Julia, Dufrêne, Eric, Eugster, Werner, Fauvel, Yannick, Fowler, David, Frumau, Arnoud, Granier, André, Gross, Patrick, Hamon, Yannick, Helfter, Carole, Hensen, Arjan, Horváth, László, Kitzler, Barbara, Kruijt, Bart, Kutsch, Werner L., Lobo-do-Vale, Raquel, Lohila, Annalea, Longdoz, Bernard, Marek, Michal V., Matteucci, Giorgio, Mitosinkova, Marta, Moreaux, Virginie, Neftel, Albrecht, Ourcival, Jean-Marc, Pilegaard, Kim, Pita, Gabriel, Sanz, Francisco, Schjoerring, Jan K., Sebastià, Maria-Teresa, Tang, Y. Sim, Uggerud, Hilde, Urbaniak, Marek, van Dijk, Netty, Vesala, Timo, Vidic, Sonja, Vincke, Caroline, Weidinger, Tamás, Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie, Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, Nemitz, Eiko, Sutton, Mark A., Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (SAS), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Centre for Ecology and Hydrology [Edinburgh] (CEH), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), School of Communication, Charles Sturt University [Australia], Department of Environmental & Geographical Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University (MMU), Department of Physics, Institute of Agricultural Sciences [Zürich], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Unité de recherche Biogéochimie des Ecosystèmes Forestiers (BEF), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Norwegian Meteorological Institute [Oslo] (MET), Agro-BioTech Gembloux, Université de Liège, Unité de bioclimatologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Servizi Forestali, Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano, Agenzia per l'Ambiente, Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (UA), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung - Atmosphärische Umweltforschung (IMK-IFU), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), INRES Bodenwissenschaften, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Meteorology, Faculty of Wood Technology, Poznan' University of Life Sciences, Poznan University of Life Sciences-Poznan University of Life Sciences, Climate and Global Change Research [Helsinki], Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculty of Environment Engineering and Spatial Management, Department of Meteorology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Institute for Agricultural Climate Research, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux (Bioemco), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire des Abeilles, Institute of Plant, Animal and Agroecosystem Sciences, NERC Centre of Ecology and Hydrology (CEH), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy (CIML), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Edinburgh Research Station, Earth System Science and Climate Change Group, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Agronomy Institute, Technical University of Lisbon, Atmospheric Composition Research [Helsinki], Division of Ecosystems Processes Lab. of Plants Ecological Physiology, Institute of Systems Biology and Ecology, Inst Agroenvironm & Forest Biol, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute, Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute (SHMU), Neftel Research Expertise, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Biosystems Division [Roskilde], Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy (Risø DTU), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU)-Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Mechanical Engineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (IST), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Laboratory of Functional Ecology and Global Change (ECOFUN), Centre de Ciència i Tecnologia Forestal de Catalunya (CTFC), Department of Forest Sciences [Helsinki], Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Institute of Soil Sciences, Vienna, University of Vienna [Vienna], Bush Estate, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, GOCE-CT-2003-505572, Sixth Framework Programme, 282910, Seventh Framework Programme, European Project: 282910,EC:FP7:ENV,FP7-ENV-2011,ECLAIRE(2011), European Project: 28980,CARBOEUROPE-IP, AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU)-Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), IT University of Copenhagen, University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Jonchère, Laurent, Effects of Climate Change on Air Pollution Impacts and Response Strategies for European Ecosystems - ECLAIRE - - EC:FP7:ENV2011-10-01 - 2015-09-30 - 282910 - VALID, ASSESSMENT OF THE EUROPEAN TERRESTRIAL CARBON BALANCE - CARBOEUROPE-IP - 28980 - OLD, and UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, Evolution, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, TROPICAL FORESTS, Atmospheric Sciences, DRY DEPOSITION, Behavior and Systematics, QUALITY-CONTROL, greenhouse gases, ddc:550, BOREAL FORESTS, SDG 13 - Climate Action, LONG-TERM IMPACTSEDDY-COVARIANCEREACTIVE NITROGENDRY DEPOSITIONORGANIC NITROGENTROPICAL FORESTSQUALITY-CONTROLBOREAL FORESTSOXIDE FLUXESTREE GROWTH, REACTIVE NITROGEN, Biology, Earth-Surface Processes, ecosystem, TREE GROWTH, Ecology, Physics, LONG-TERM IMPACTS, European forest, EDDY-COVARIANCE, Chemistry, Earth sciences, ORGANIC NITROGEN, [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, semi-natural vegetation, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, carbon-nitrogen, OXIDE FLUXES
Abstract

The impact of atmospheric reactive nitrogen (Nr) deposition on carbon (C) sequestration in soils and biomass of unfertilized, natural, semi-natural and forest ecosystems has been much debated. Many previous results of this dC∕dN response were based on changes in carbon stocks from periodical soil and ecosystem inventories, associated with estimates of Nr deposition obtained from large-scale chemical transport models. This study and a companion paper (Flechard et al., 2020) strive to reduce uncertainties of N effects on C sequestration by linking multi-annual gross and net ecosystem productivity estimates from 40 eddy covariance flux towers across Europe to local measurement-based estimates of dry and wet Nr deposition from a dedicated collocated monitoring network. To identify possible ecological drivers and processes affecting the interplay between C and Nr inputs and losses, these data were also combined with in situ flux measurements of NO, N2O and CH4 fluxes; soil NO−3 leaching sampling; and results of soil incubation experiments for N and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, as well as surveys of available data from online databases and from the literature, together with forest ecosystem (BASFOR) modelling. Multi-year averages of net ecosystem productivity (NEP) in forests ranged from −70 to 826 g C m−2 yr−1 at total wet + dry inorganic Nr deposition rates (Ndep) of 0.3 to 4.3 g N m−2 yr−1 and from −4 to 361 g C m−2 yr−1 at Ndep rates of 0.1 to 3.1 g N m−2 yr−1 in short semi-natural vegetation (moorlands, wetlands and unfertilized extensively managed grasslands). The GHG budgets of the forests were strongly dominated by CO2 exchange, while CH4 and N2O exchange comprised a larger proportion of the GHG balance in short semi-natural vegetation. Uncertainties in elemental budgets were much larger for nitrogen than carbon, especially at sites with elevated Ndep where Nr leaching losses were also very large, and compounded by the lack of reliable data on organic nitrogen and N2 losses by denitrification. Nitrogen losses in the form of NO, N2O and especially NO−3 were on average 27 % (range 6 %–54 %) of Ndep at sites with Ndep 3 g N m−2 yr−1. Such large levels of Nr loss likely indicate that different stages of N saturation occurred at a number of sites. The joint analysis of the C and N budgets provided further hints that N saturation could be detected in altered patterns of forest growth. Net ecosystem productivity increased with Nr deposition up to 2–2.5 g N m−2 yr−1, with large scatter associated with a wide range in carbon sequestration efficiency (CSE, defined as the NEP ∕ GPP ratio). At elevated Ndep levels (> 2.5 g N m−2 yr−1), where inorganic Nr losses were also increasingly large, NEP levelled off and then decreased. The apparent increase in NEP at low to intermediate Ndep levels was partly the result of geographical cross-correlations between Ndep and climate, indicating that the actual mean dC∕dN response at individual sites was significantly lower than would be suggested by a simple, straightforward regression of NEP vs. Ndep. The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support by the European Commission through the two FP6 integrated projects CarboEurope Integrated Project (project no. GOCE-CT-2003-505572) and NitroEurope Integrated Project (project no. 017841), the FP7 ECLAIRE project (grant agreement no. 282910), and the ABBA COST Action ES0804. We are also thankful for funding from the French GIP-ECOFOR consortium under the F-ORE-T forest observation and experimentation network, as well as from the MDM-2017-0714 Spanish grant. Computer time for EMEP model runs was supported by the Research Council of Norway through the NOTUR project EMEP (NN2890K). Finalization of the paper was supported by the UK Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UKSCAPE programme delivering national capability.

Published
2020

32. Carbon -nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation. Part 2: Untangling climatic, edaphic, management and nitrogen deposition effects on carbon sequestration potentials

Author

Flechard, Chris R., van Oijen, Marcel, Cameron, David R., de Vries, Wim, Ibrom, Andreas, Buchmann, Nina, Dise, Nancy B., Janssens, Ivan A., Neirynck, Johan, Montagnani, Leonardo, Varlagin, Andrej, Loustau, Denis, Legout, Arnaud, Ziemblińska, Klaudia, Aubinet, Marc, Aurela, Mika, Chojnicki, Bogdan H., Drewer, Julia, Eugster, Werner, Francez, André-Jean, Juszczak, Radoslaw, Kitzler, Barbara, Kutsch, Werner L., Lohila, Annalea, Longdoz, Bernard, Matteucci, Giorgio, Moreaux, Virginie, Neftel, Albrecht, Olejnik, Janusz, Sanz, Maria J., Siemens, Jan, Vesala, Timo, Vincke, Caroline, Nemitz, Eiko, Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie, Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, Skiba, Ute M., Sutton, Mark A., Flechard, Chris R., van Oijen, Marcel, Cameron, David R., de Vries, Wim, Ibrom, Andreas, Buchmann, Nina, Dise, Nancy B., Janssens, Ivan A., Neirynck, Johan, Montagnani, Leonardo, Varlagin, Andrej, Loustau, Denis, Legout, Arnaud, Ziemblińska, Klaudia, Aubinet, Marc, Aurela, Mika, Chojnicki, Bogdan H., Drewer, Julia, Eugster, Werner, Francez, André-Jean, Juszczak, Radoslaw, Kitzler, Barbara, Kutsch, Werner L., Lohila, Annalea, Longdoz, Bernard, Matteucci, Giorgio, Moreaux, Virginie, Neftel, Albrecht, Olejnik, Janusz, Sanz, Maria J., Siemens, Jan, Vesala, Timo, Vincke, Caroline, Nemitz, Eiko, Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie, Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, Skiba, Ute M., and Sutton, Mark A.

Abstract

The effects of atmospheric nitrogen deposition (Ndep) on carbon (C) sequestration in forests have often been assessed by relating differences in productivity to spatial variations of Ndep across a large geographic domain. These correlations generally suffer from covariation of other confounding variables related to climate and other growth-limiting factors, as well as large uncertainties in total (dry + wet) reactive nitrogen (Nr) deposition. We propose a methodology for untangling the effects of Ndep from those of meteorological variables, soil water retention capacity and stand age, using a mechanistic forest growth model in combination with eddy covariance CO2 exchange fluxes from a Europe-wide network of 22 forest flux towers. Total Nr deposition rates were estimated from local measurements as far as possible. The forest data were compared with data from natural or semi-natural, non-woody vegetation sites. The response of forest net ecosystem productivity to nitrogen deposition (dNEP ∕ dNdep) was estimated after accounting for the effects on gross primary productivity (GPP) of the co-correlates by means of a meta-modelling standardization procedure, which resulted in a reduction by a factor of about 2 of the uncorrected, apparent dGPP ∕ dNdep value. This model-enhanced analysis of the C and Ndep flux observations at the scale of the European network suggests a mean overall dNEP ∕ dNdep response of forest lifetime C sequestration to Ndep of the order of 40–50 g C per g N, which is slightly larger but not significantly different from the range of estimates published in the most recent reviews. Importantly, patterns of gross primary and net ecosystem productivity versus Ndep were non-linear, with no further growth responses at high Ndep levels (Ndep > 2.5–3 g N m−2 yr−1) but accompanied by increasingly large ecosystem N losses by leaching and gaseous emissions. The reduced increase in productivity per unit N deposited at high Ndep levels implies that the forecast i

Published
2020

33. Carbon-nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation - Part 1:Fluxes and budgets of carbon, nitrogen and greenhouse gases from ecosystem monitoring and modelling

Author

Flechard, Chris R., Ibrom, Andreas, Skiba, Ute M., de Vries, Wim, van Oijen, Marcel, Cameron, David R., Dise, Nancy B., Korhonen, Janne F. J., Buchmann, Nina, Legout, Arnaud, Simpson, David, Sanz, Maria J., Aubinet, Marc, Loustau, Denis, Montagnani, Leonardo, Neirynck, Johan, Janssens, Ivan A., Pihlatie, Mari, Kiese, Ralf, Siemens, Jan, Francez, Andre-Jean, Augustin, Juergen, Varlagin, Andrej, Olejnik, Janusz, Juszczak, Radoslaw, Aurela, Mika, Berveiller, Daniel, Chojnicki, Bogdan H., Dammgen, Ulrich, Delpierre, Nicolas, Djuricic, Vesna, Drewer, Julia, Dufrene, Eric, Eugster, Werner, Fauvel, Yannick, Fowler, David, Frumau, Arnoud, Granier, Andre, Gross, Patrick, Hamon, Yannick, Helfter, Carole, Hensen, Arjan, Horvath, Laszlo, Kitzler, Barbara, Kruijt, Bart, Kutsch, Werner L., Lobo-do-Vale, Raquel, Lohila, Annalea, Longdoz, Bernard, Marek, Michal, Matteucci, Giorgio, Mitosinkova, Marta, Moreaux, Virginie, Neftel, Albrecht, Ourcival, Jean-Marc, Pilegaard, Kim, Pita, Gabriel, Sanz, Francisco, Schjørring, Jan K., Sebastia, Maria-Teresa, Tang, Y. Sim, Uggerud, Hilde, Urbaniak, Marek, van Dijk, Netty, Vesala, Timo, Vidic, Sonja, Vincke, Caroline, Weidinger, Tamas, Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie, Butterbach-Bah, Klaus, Nemitz, Eiko, Sutton, Mark A., Flechard, Chris R., Ibrom, Andreas, Skiba, Ute M., de Vries, Wim, van Oijen, Marcel, Cameron, David R., Dise, Nancy B., Korhonen, Janne F. J., Buchmann, Nina, Legout, Arnaud, Simpson, David, Sanz, Maria J., Aubinet, Marc, Loustau, Denis, Montagnani, Leonardo, Neirynck, Johan, Janssens, Ivan A., Pihlatie, Mari, Kiese, Ralf, Siemens, Jan, Francez, Andre-Jean, Augustin, Juergen, Varlagin, Andrej, Olejnik, Janusz, Juszczak, Radoslaw, Aurela, Mika, Berveiller, Daniel, Chojnicki, Bogdan H., Dammgen, Ulrich, Delpierre, Nicolas, Djuricic, Vesna, Drewer, Julia, Dufrene, Eric, Eugster, Werner, Fauvel, Yannick, Fowler, David, Frumau, Arnoud, Granier, Andre, Gross, Patrick, Hamon, Yannick, Helfter, Carole, Hensen, Arjan, Horvath, Laszlo, Kitzler, Barbara, Kruijt, Bart, Kutsch, Werner L., Lobo-do-Vale, Raquel, Lohila, Annalea, Longdoz, Bernard, Marek, Michal, Matteucci, Giorgio, Mitosinkova, Marta, Moreaux, Virginie, Neftel, Albrecht, Ourcival, Jean-Marc, Pilegaard, Kim, Pita, Gabriel, Sanz, Francisco, Schjørring, Jan K., Sebastia, Maria-Teresa, Tang, Y. Sim, Uggerud, Hilde, Urbaniak, Marek, van Dijk, Netty, Vesala, Timo, Vidic, Sonja, Vincke, Caroline, Weidinger, Tamas, Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie, Butterbach-Bah, Klaus, Nemitz, Eiko, and Sutton, Mark A.

Abstract

The impact of atmospheric reactive nitrogen (N-r) deposition on carbon (C) sequestration in soils and biomass of unfertilized, natural, semi-natural and forest ecosystems has been much debated. Many previous results of this dC/dN response were based on changes in carbon stocks from periodical soil and ecosystem inventories, associated with estimates of N-r deposition obtained from large-scale chemical transport models. This study and a companion paper (Flechard et al., 2020) strive to reduce uncertainties of N effects on C sequestration by linking multi-annual gross and net ecosystem productivity estimates from 40 eddy covariance flux towers across Europe to local measurement-based estimates of dry and wet N-r deposition from a dedicated collocated monitoring network. To identify possible ecological drivers and processes affecting the interplay between C and N-r inputs and losses, these data were also combined with in situ flux measurements of NO, N2O and CH4 fluxes; soil NO3- leaching sampling; and results of soil incubation experiments for N and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, as well as surveys of available data from online databases and from the literature, together with forest ecosystem (BAS-FOR) modelling.Multi-year averages of net ecosystem productivity (NEP) in forests ranged from -70 to 826 gCm(-2) yr(-1) at total wet + dry inorganic N-r deposition rates (N-dep) of 0.3 to 4.3 gNm(-2) yr(-1) and from -4 to 361 g Cm-2 yr(-1) at N-dep rates of 0.1 to 3.1 gNm(-2) yr(-1) in short semi-natural vegetation (moorlands, wetlands and unfertilized extensively managed grasslands). The GHG budgets of the forests were strongly dominated by CO2 exchange, while CH4 and N2O exchange comprised a larger proportion of the GHG balance in short semi-natural vegetation. Uncertainties in elemental budgets were much larger for nitrogen than carbon, especially at sites with elevated N-dep where N-r leaching losses were also very large, and compounded by the lack of reliable

Published
2020

34. Carbon-nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation - Part 1:Fluxes and budgets of carbon, nitrogen and greenhouse gases from ecosystem monitoring and modelling

Author

Sutton, Mark A., Flechard, Chris R., Ibrom, Andreas, Skiba, Ute M., De Vries, Wim, Van Oijen, Marcel, Cameron, David R., DIse, Nancy B., Korhonen, Janne F.J., Buchmann, Nina, Legout, Arnaud, Simpson, David, Sanz, Maria J., Aubinet, Marc, Loustau, Denis, Montagnani, Leonardo, Neirynck, Johan, Janssens, Ivan A., Pihlatie, Mari, Kiese, Ralf, Siemens, Jan, Francez, Andre Jean, Augustin, Jurgen, Varlagin, Andrej, Olejnik, Janusz, Juszczak, Radoslaw, Aurela, Mika, Berveiller, Daniel, Chojnicki, Bogdan H., Dämmgen, Ulrich, Delpierre, Nicolas, Djuricic, Vesna, Drewer, Julia, Dufrêne, Eric, Eugster, Werner, Fauvel, Yannick, Fowler, David, Frumau, Arnoud, Granier, André, Gross, Patrick, Hamon, Yannick, Helfter, Carole, Hensen, Arjan, Horvath, Laszlo, Kitzler, Barbara, Kruijt, Bart, Kutsch, Werner L., Lobo-Do-Vale, Raquel, Lohila, Annalea, Longdoz, Bernard, Marek, Michal V., Matteucci, Giorgio, Mitosinkova, Marta, Moreaux, Virginie, Neftel, Albrecht, Ourcival, Jean Marc, Pilegaard, Kim, Pita, Gabriel, Sanz, Francisco, Schjoerring, Jan K., Sebastià, Maria Teresa, Sim Tang, Y., Uggerud, Hilde, Urbaniak, Marek, Van DIjk, Netty, Vesala, Timo, Vidic, Sonja, Vincke, Caroline, Weidinger, Tamas, Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie, Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, Nemitz, Eiko, Sutton, Mark A., Flechard, Chris R., Ibrom, Andreas, Skiba, Ute M., De Vries, Wim, Van Oijen, Marcel, Cameron, David R., DIse, Nancy B., Korhonen, Janne F.J., Buchmann, Nina, Legout, Arnaud, Simpson, David, Sanz, Maria J., Aubinet, Marc, Loustau, Denis, Montagnani, Leonardo, Neirynck, Johan, Janssens, Ivan A., Pihlatie, Mari, Kiese, Ralf, Siemens, Jan, Francez, Andre Jean, Augustin, Jurgen, Varlagin, Andrej, Olejnik, Janusz, Juszczak, Radoslaw, Aurela, Mika, Berveiller, Daniel, Chojnicki, Bogdan H., Dämmgen, Ulrich, Delpierre, Nicolas, Djuricic, Vesna, Drewer, Julia, Dufrêne, Eric, Eugster, Werner, Fauvel, Yannick, Fowler, David, Frumau, Arnoud, Granier, André, Gross, Patrick, Hamon, Yannick, Helfter, Carole, Hensen, Arjan, Horvath, Laszlo, Kitzler, Barbara, Kruijt, Bart, Kutsch, Werner L., Lobo-Do-Vale, Raquel, Lohila, Annalea, Longdoz, Bernard, Marek, Michal V., Matteucci, Giorgio, Mitosinkova, Marta, Moreaux, Virginie, Neftel, Albrecht, Ourcival, Jean Marc, Pilegaard, Kim, Pita, Gabriel, Sanz, Francisco, Schjoerring, Jan K., Sebastià, Maria Teresa, Sim Tang, Y., Uggerud, Hilde, Urbaniak, Marek, Van DIjk, Netty, Vesala, Timo, Vidic, Sonja, Vincke, Caroline, Weidinger, Tamas, Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie, Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, and Nemitz, Eiko

Abstract

The impact of atmospheric reactive nitrogen (Nr) deposition on carbon (C) sequestration in soils and biomass of unfertilized, natural, semi-natural and forest ecosystems has been much debated. Many previous results of this dC=dN response were based on changes in carbon stocks from periodical soil and ecosystem inventories, associated with estimates of Nr deposition obtained from large-scale chemical transport models. This study and a companion paper (Flechard et al., 2020) strive to reduce uncertainties of N effects on C sequestration by linking multi-annual gross and net ecosystem productivity estimates from 40 eddy covariance flux towers across Europe to local measurement-based estimates of dry and wet Nr deposition from a dedicated collocated monitoring network. To identify possible ecological drivers and processes affecting the interplay between C and Nr inputs and losses, these data were also combined with in situ flux measurements of NO, N2O and CH4 fluxes; soil NO3 leaching sampling; and results of soil incubation experiments for N and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, as well as surveys of available data from online databases and from the literature, together with forest ecosystem (BASFOR) modelling. Multi-year averages of net ecosystem productivity (NEP) in forests ranged from 70 to 826 gCm2 yr1 at total wetCdry inorganic Nr deposition rates (Ndep) of 0.3 to 4.3 gNm2 yr1 and from 4 to 361 g Cm2 yr1 at Ndep rates of 0.1 to 3.1 gNm2 yr1 in short semi-natural vegetation (moorlands, wetlands and unfertilized extensively managed grasslands). The GHG budgets of the forests were strongly dominated by CO2 exchange, while CH4 and N2O exchange comprised a larger proportion of the GHG balance in short semi-natural vegetation. Uncertainties in elemental budgets were much larger for nitrogen than carbon, especially at sites with elevated Ndep where Nr leaching losses were also very large, and compounded by the lack of reliable data on organic nitrogen and N2 losses by

Published
2020

35. Carbon-nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation - Part 2:Untangling climatic, edaphic, management and nitrogen deposition effects on carbon sequestration potentials

Author

Sutton, Mark A., Flechard, Chris R., Van Oijen, Marcel, Cameron, David R., De Vries, Wim, Ibrom, Andreas, Buchmann, Nina, DIse, Nancy B., Janssens, Ivan A., Neirynck, Johan, Montagnani, Leonardo, Varlagin, Andrej, Loustau, Denis, Legout, Arnaud, Ziemblińska, Klaudia, Aubinet, Marc, Aurela, Mika, Chojnicki, Bogdan H., Drewer, Julia, Eugster, Werner, Francez, Andre Jean, Juszczak, Radoslaw, Kitzler, Barbara, Kutsch, Werner L., Lohila, Annalea, Longdoz, Bernard, Matteucci, Giorgio, Moreaux, Virginie, Neftel, Albrecht, Olejnik, Janusz, Sanz, Maria J., Siemens, Jan, Vesala, Timo, Vincke, Caroline, Nemitz, Eiko, Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie, Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, Skiba, Ute M., Sutton, Mark A., Flechard, Chris R., Van Oijen, Marcel, Cameron, David R., De Vries, Wim, Ibrom, Andreas, Buchmann, Nina, DIse, Nancy B., Janssens, Ivan A., Neirynck, Johan, Montagnani, Leonardo, Varlagin, Andrej, Loustau, Denis, Legout, Arnaud, Ziemblińska, Klaudia, Aubinet, Marc, Aurela, Mika, Chojnicki, Bogdan H., Drewer, Julia, Eugster, Werner, Francez, Andre Jean, Juszczak, Radoslaw, Kitzler, Barbara, Kutsch, Werner L., Lohila, Annalea, Longdoz, Bernard, Matteucci, Giorgio, Moreaux, Virginie, Neftel, Albrecht, Olejnik, Janusz, Sanz, Maria J., Siemens, Jan, Vesala, Timo, Vincke, Caroline, Nemitz, Eiko, Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie, Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, and Skiba, Ute M.

Abstract

The effects of atmospheric nitrogen deposition (Ndep) on carbon (C) sequestration in forests have often been assessed by relating differences in productivity to spatial variations of Ndep across a large geographic domain. These correlations generally suffer from covariation of other confounding variables related to climate and other growth-limiting factors, as well as large uncertainties in total (dryCwet) reactive nitrogen (Nr) deposition.We propose a methodology for untangling the effects of Ndep from those of meteorological variables, soil water retention capacity and stand age, using a mechanistic forest growth model in combination with eddy covariance CO2 exchange fluxes from a Europe-wide network of 22 forest flux towers. Total Nr deposition rates were estimated from local measurements as far as possible. The forest data were compared with data from natural or semi-natural, non-woody vegetation sites. The response of forest net ecosystem productivity to nitrogen deposition (dNEP= dNdep) was estimated after accounting for the effects on gross primary productivity (GPP) of the co-correlates by means of a meta-modelling standardization procedure, which resulted in a reduction by a factor of about 2 of the uncorrected, apparent dGPP=dNdep value. This model-enhanced analysis of the C and Ndep flux observations at the scale of the European network suggests a mean overall dNEP= dNdep response of forest lifetime C sequestration to Ndep of the order of 40 50 g C per g N, which is slightly larger but not significantly different from the range of estimates published in the most recent reviews. Importantly, patterns of gross primary and net ecosystem productivity versus Ndep were non-linear, with no further growth responses at high Ndep levels (Ndep >2.5 3 gNm2 yr1) but accompanied by increasingly large ecosystem N losses by leaching and gaseous emissions. The reduced increase in productivity per unit N deposited at high Ndep levels implies that the forecast increas

Published
2020

36. Carbon-nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation - Part 1 : Fluxes and budgets of carbon, nitrogen and greenhouse gases from ecosystem monitoring and modelling

Author

Sutton, Mark A., Flechard, Chris R., Ibrom, Andreas, Skiba, Ute M., De Vries, Wim, Van Oijen, Marcel, Cameron, David R., DIse, Nancy B., Korhonen, Janne F.J., Buchmann, Nina, Legout, Arnaud, Simpson, David, Sanz, Maria J., Aubinet, Marc, Loustau, Denis, Montagnani, Leonardo, Neirynck, Johan, Janssens, Ivan A., Pihlatie, Mari, Kiese, Ralf, Siemens, Jan, Francez, Andre Jean, Augustin, Jurgen, Varlagin, Andrej, Olejnik, Janusz, Juszczak, Radoslaw, Aurela, Mika, Berveiller, Daniel, Chojnicki, Bogdan H., Dämmgen, Ulrich, Delpierre, Nicolas, Djuricic, Vesna, Drewer, Julia, Dufrêne, Eric, Eugster, Werner, Fauvel, Yannick, Fowler, David, Frumau, Arnoud, Granier, André, Gross, Patrick, Hamon, Yannick, Helfter, Carole, Hensen, Arjan, Horvath, Laszlo, Kitzler, Barbara, Kruijt, Bart, Kutsch, Werner L., Lobo-Do-Vale, Raquel, Lohila, Annalea, Longdoz, Bernard, Marek, Michal V., Matteucci, Giorgio, Mitosinkova, Marta, Moreaux, Virginie, Neftel, Albrecht, Ourcival, Jean Marc, Pilegaard, Kim, Pita, Gabriel, Sanz, Francisco, Schjoerring, Jan K., Sebastià, Maria Teresa, Sim Tang, Y., Uggerud, Hilde, Urbaniak, Marek, Van DIjk, Netty, Vesala, Timo, Vidic, Sonja, Vincke, Caroline, Weidinger, Tamas, Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie, Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, Nemitz, Eiko, Sutton, Mark A., Flechard, Chris R., Ibrom, Andreas, Skiba, Ute M., De Vries, Wim, Van Oijen, Marcel, Cameron, David R., DIse, Nancy B., Korhonen, Janne F.J., Buchmann, Nina, Legout, Arnaud, Simpson, David, Sanz, Maria J., Aubinet, Marc, Loustau, Denis, Montagnani, Leonardo, Neirynck, Johan, Janssens, Ivan A., Pihlatie, Mari, Kiese, Ralf, Siemens, Jan, Francez, Andre Jean, Augustin, Jurgen, Varlagin, Andrej, Olejnik, Janusz, Juszczak, Radoslaw, Aurela, Mika, Berveiller, Daniel, Chojnicki, Bogdan H., Dämmgen, Ulrich, Delpierre, Nicolas, Djuricic, Vesna, Drewer, Julia, Dufrêne, Eric, Eugster, Werner, Fauvel, Yannick, Fowler, David, Frumau, Arnoud, Granier, André, Gross, Patrick, Hamon, Yannick, Helfter, Carole, Hensen, Arjan, Horvath, Laszlo, Kitzler, Barbara, Kruijt, Bart, Kutsch, Werner L., Lobo-Do-Vale, Raquel, Lohila, Annalea, Longdoz, Bernard, Marek, Michal V., Matteucci, Giorgio, Mitosinkova, Marta, Moreaux, Virginie, Neftel, Albrecht, Ourcival, Jean Marc, Pilegaard, Kim, Pita, Gabriel, Sanz, Francisco, Schjoerring, Jan K., Sebastià, Maria Teresa, Sim Tang, Y., Uggerud, Hilde, Urbaniak, Marek, Van DIjk, Netty, Vesala, Timo, Vidic, Sonja, Vincke, Caroline, Weidinger, Tamas, Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie, Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, and Nemitz, Eiko

Abstract

The impact of atmospheric reactive nitrogen (Nr) deposition on carbon (C) sequestration in soils and biomass of unfertilized, natural, semi-natural and forest ecosystems has been much debated. Many previous results of this dC=dN response were based on changes in carbon stocks from periodical soil and ecosystem inventories, associated with estimates of Nr deposition obtained from large-scale chemical transport models. This study and a companion paper (Flechard et al., 2020) strive to reduce uncertainties of N effects on C sequestration by linking multi-annual gross and net ecosystem productivity estimates from 40 eddy covariance flux towers across Europe to local measurement-based estimates of dry and wet Nr deposition from a dedicated collocated monitoring network. To identify possible ecological drivers and processes affecting the interplay between C and Nr inputs and losses, these data were also combined with in situ flux measurements of NO, N2O and CH4 fluxes; soil NO3 leaching sampling; and results of soil incubation experiments for N and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, as well as surveys of available data from online databases and from the literature, together with forest ecosystem (BASFOR) modelling. Multi-year averages of net ecosystem productivity (NEP) in forests ranged from 70 to 826 gCm2 yr1 at total wetCdry inorganic Nr deposition rates (Ndep) of 0.3 to 4.3 gNm2 yr1 and from 4 to 361 g Cm2 yr1 at Ndep rates of 0.1 to 3.1 gNm2 yr1 in short semi-natural vegetation (moorlands, wetlands and unfertilized extensively managed grasslands). The GHG budgets of the forests were strongly dominated by CO2 exchange, while CH4 and N2O exchange comprised a larger proportion of the GHG balance in short semi-natural vegetation. Uncertainties in elemental budgets were much larger for nitrogen than carbon, especially at sites with elevated Ndep where Nr leaching losses were also very large, and compounded by the lack of reliable data on organic nitrogen and N2 losses by den

Published
2020

39. Nitrogen as a threat to European terrestrial biodiversity

Author

Dise, Nancy B., primary, Ashmore, Mike, additional, Belyazid, Salim, additional, Bleeker, Albert, additional, Bobbink, Roland, additional, de Vries, Wim, additional, Erisman, Jan Willem, additional, Spranger, Till, additional, Stevens, Carly J., additional, and van den Berg, Leon, additional

Published
2011
Full Text
View/download PDF

40. Carbon–nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation – Part 2: Untangling climatic, edaphic, management and nitrogen deposition effects on carbon sequestration potentials

Author

Flechard, Chris R., primary, van Oijen, Marcel, additional, Cameron, David R., additional, de Vries, Wim, additional, Ibrom, Andreas, additional, Buchmann, Nina, additional, Dise, Nancy B., additional, Janssens, Ivan A., additional, Neirynck, Johan, additional, Montagnani, Leonardo, additional, Varlagin, Andrej, additional, Loustau, Denis, additional, Legout, Arnaud, additional, Ziemblińska, Klaudia, additional, Aubinet, Marc, additional, Aurela, Mika, additional, Chojnicki, Bogdan H., additional, Drewer, Julia, additional, Eugster, Werner, additional, Francez, André-Jean, additional, Juszczak, Radosław, additional, Kitzler, Barbara, additional, Kutsch, Werner L., additional, Lohila, Annalea, additional, Longdoz, Bernard, additional, Matteucci, Giorgio, additional, Moreaux, Virginie, additional, Neftel, Albrecht, additional, Olejnik, Janusz, additional, Sanz, Maria J., additional, Siemens, Jan, additional, Vesala, Timo, additional, Vincke, Caroline, additional, Nemitz, Eiko, additional, Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie, additional, Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, additional, Skiba, Ute M., additional, and Sutton, Mark A., additional

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

41. Carbon/nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation. Part I: Fluxes and budgets of carbon, nitrogen and greenhouse gases from ecosystem monitoring and modelling

Author

Flechard, Chris R., Ibrom, Andreas, Skiba, Ute M., de Vries, Wim, Van Oijen, Marcel, Cameron, David R., Dise, Nancy B., Korhonen, Janne F.J., Buchmann, Nina, Legout, Arnaud, Simpson, David, Sanz, Maria J., Aubinet, Marc, Loustau, Denis, Montagnani, Leonardo, Neirynck, Johan, Janssens, Ivan A., Pihlatie, Mari, Kiese, Ralf, Siemens, Jan, Francez, André-Jean, Augustin, Jürgen, Varlagin, Andrej, Olejnik, Janusz, Juszczak, Radosław, Aurela, Mika, Chojnicki, Bogdan H., Dämmgen, Ulrich, Djuricic, Vesna, Drewer, Julia, Eugster, Werner, Fauvel, Yannick, Fowler, David, Frumau, Arnoud, Granier, André, Gross, Patrick, Hamon, Yannick, Helfter, Carole, Hensen, Arjan, Horváth, László, Kitzler, Barbara, Kruijt, Bart, Kutsch, Werner L., Lobo-Do-Vale, Raquel, Lohila, Annalea, Longdoz, Bernard, Marek, Michal V., Matteucci, Giorgio, Mitosinkova, Marta, Moreaux, Virginie, Neftel, Albrecht, Ourcival, Jean-Marc, Pilegaard, Kim, Pita, Gabriel, Sanz, Francisco, Schjoerring, Jan K., Sebastià, Maria-Teresa, Tang, Y. Sim, Uggerud, Hilde, Urbaniak, Marek, van Dijk, Netty, Vesala, Timo, Vidic, Sonja, Vincke, Caroline, Weidinger, Tamás, Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie, Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, Nemitz, Eiko, and Sutton, Mark A.

Abstract

ISSN:1810-6277 ISSN:1810-6285

Published
2019

42. Carbon/nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation. Part II: Untangling climatic, edaphic, management and nitrogen deposition effects on carbon sequestration potentials

Author

Flechard, Chris R., Van Oijen, Marcel, Cameron, David R., de Vries, Wim, Ibrom, Andreas, Buchmann, Nina, Dise, Nancy B., Janssens, Ivan A., Neirynck, Johan, Montagnani, Leonardo, Varlagin, Andrej, Loustau, Denis, Legout, Arnaud, Ziemblińska, Klaudia, Aubinet, Marc, Aurela, Mika, Chojnicki, Bogdan H., Drewer, Julia, Eugster, Werner, Francez, André-Jean, Juszczak, Radosław, Kitzler, Barbara, Kutsch, Werner L., Lohila, Annalea, Longdoz, Bernard, Matteucci, Giorgio, Moreaux, Virginie, Neftel, Albrecht, Olejnik, Janusz, Sanz, Maria J., Siemens, Jan, Vesala, Timo, Vincke, Caroline, Nemitz, Eiko, Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie, Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, Skiba, Ute M., and Sutton, Mark A.

Abstract

ISSN:1810-6277 ISSN:1810-6285

Published
2019

43. Nitrogen-rich organic soils under warm well-drained conditions are global nitrous oxide emission hotspots

Author

Pärn, Jaan, Verhoeven, Jos T.A., Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, Dise, Nancy B., Ullah, Sami, Aasa, Anto, Egorov, Sergey, Espenberg, Mikk, Järveoja, Järvi, Jauhiainen, Jyrki, Kasak, Kuno, Klemedtsson, Leif, Kull, Ain, Laggoun-Défarge, Fatima, Lapshina, Elena D., Lohila, Annalea, Lõhmus, Krista, Maddison, Martin, Mitsch, William J., Müller, Christoph, Niinemets, Ülo, Osborne, Bruce, Pae, Taavi, Salm, Jüri Ott, Sgouridis, Fotis, Sohar, Kristina, Soosaar, Kaido, Storey, Kathryn, Teemusk, Alar, Tenywa, Moses M., Tournebize, Julien, Truu, Jaak, Veber, Gert, Villa, Jorge A., Zaw, Seint Sann, Mander, Ülo, Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Department of Geography, Tartu, University of Tartu, School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, Keele University [Keele], Ecology and Biodiversity, Departement of Biology, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Institute of Meteoroly and Climate Research, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Centre for Ecology and Hydrology [Edinburgh] (CEH), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Department of Earth Sciences [Gothenburg], University of Gothenburg (GU), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Biogéosystèmes Continentaux - UMR7327, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), UNESCO Chair of Environnemental Dynamics and Climate Change, Yugra State University, Atmospheric Composition Research [Helsinki], Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Department of Botany [Tartu], Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences [Tartu], University of Tartu-University of Tartu, Estonian University of Life Sciences (EMU), University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), Estonian Fund for Nature, School of Geographical Sciences [Bristol], University of Bristol [Bristol], Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment, Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University [Kampala, Ouganda] (MAK), Hydrosystems and Bioprocesses Research Unit, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Grupo de Investigación Aplicada al Medio Ambiente, Corporacion Universitaria Lasallista, Forest Resource Environment Development and Conservation Association, ANR-10-LABX-0100,VOLTAIRE,Geofluids and Volatil elements – Earth, Atmosphere, Interfaces – Resources and Environment(2010), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Estonian University of Life Sciences, Makerere University (MAK), ANR-10-LABX-100-01/10-LABX-0100,VOLTAIRE,Geofluids and Volatil elements – Earth, Atmosphere, Interfaces – Resources and Environment(2010), Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, and Ecology and Biodiversity

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Chemistry(all), Science, General Physics and Astronomy, Flux, Physics and Astronomy(all), 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, chemistry.chemical_compound, Orders of magnitude (specific energy), ddc:550, Author Correction, lcsh:Science, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Water content, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, GB, Multidisciplinary, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all), 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Chemistry, Nitrous oxide, 15. Life on land, Ozone depletion, 6. Clean water, Nitrogen rich, Earth sciences, Agriculture and Soil Science, chemistry, 13. Climate action, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Environmental chemistry, Greenhouse gas, Soil water, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, lcsh:Q, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
Abstract

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a powerful greenhouse gas and the main driver of stratospheric ozone depletion. Since soils are the largest source of N2O, predicting soil response to changes in climate or land use is central to understanding and managing N2O. Here we find that N2O flux can be predicted by models incorporating soil nitrate concentration (NO3−), water content and temperature using a global field survey of N2O emissions and potential driving factors across a wide range of organic soils. N2O emissions increase with NO3− and follow a bell-shaped distribution with water content. Combining the two functions explains 72% of N2O emission from all organic soils. Above 5 mg NO3−-N kg−1, either draining wet soils or irrigating well-drained soils increases N2O emission by orders of magnitude. As soil temperature together with NO3− explains 69% of N2O emission, tropical wetlands should be a priority for N2O management.

Published
2018

44. Author Correction: Nitrogen-rich organic soils under warm well-drained conditions are global nitrous oxide emission hotspots (Nature Communications (2018)

Author

Pärn, Jaan, Verhoeven, Jos T. A., Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, Dise, Nancy B., Ullah, Sami, Aasa, Anto, Egorov, Sergey, Espenberg, Mikk, Järveoja, Järvi, Jauhiainen, Jyrki, Kasak, Kuno, Klemedtsson, Leif, Kull, Ain, Laggoun-Défarge, Fatima, Lapshina, Elena D., Lohila, Annalea, Lõhmus, Krista, Maddison, Martin, Mitsch, William J., Müller, Christoph, Niinemets, Ülo, Osborne, Bruce, Pae, Taavi, Salm, Jüri-Ott, Sgouridis, Fotis, Sohar, Kristina, Soosaar, Kaido, Storey, Kathryn, Teemusk, Alar, Tenywa, Moses M., Tournebize, Julien, Truu, Jaak, Veber, Gert, Villa, Jorge A., Zaw, Seint Sann, and Mander, Ülo

Subjects
Earth sciences, ddc:550
Published
2018

45. Supplementary material to &quot;Carbon / nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation. Part I: Fluxes and budgets of carbon, nitrogen and greenhouse gases from ecosystem monitoring and modelling&quot;

Author

Flechard, Chris R., primary, Ibrom, Andreas, additional, Skiba, Ute M., additional, de Vries, Wim, additional, van Oijen, Marcel, additional, Cameron, David R., additional, Dise, Nancy B., additional, Korhonen, Janne F. J., additional, Buchmann, Nina, additional, Legout, Arnaud, additional, Simpson, David, additional, Sanz, Maria J., additional, Aubinet, Marc, additional, Loustau, Denis, additional, Montagnani, Leonardo, additional, Neirynck, Johan, additional, Janssens, Ivan A., additional, Pihlatie, Mari, additional, Kiese, Ralf, additional, Siemens, Jan, additional, Francez, André-Jean, additional, Augustin, Jürgen, additional, Varlagin, Andrej, additional, Olejnik, Janusz, additional, Juszczak, Radosław, additional, Aurela, Mika, additional, Chojnicki, Bogdan H., additional, Dämmgen, Ulrich, additional, Djuricic, Vesna, additional, Drewer, Julia, additional, Eugster, Werner, additional, Fauvel, Yannick, additional, Fowler, David, additional, Frumau, Arnoud, additional, Granier, André, additional, Gross, Patrick, additional, Hamon, Yannick, additional, Helfter, Carole, additional, Hensen, Arjan, additional, Horváth, László, additional, Kitzler, Barbara, additional, Kruijt, Bart, additional, Kutsch, Werner L., additional, Lobo-do-Vale, Raquel, additional, Lohila, Annalea, additional, Longdoz, Bernard, additional, Marek, Michal V., additional, Matteucci, Giorgio, additional, Mitosinkova, Marta, additional, Moreaux, Virginie, additional, Neftel, Albrecht, additional, Ourcival, Jean-Marc, additional, Pilegaard, Kim, additional, Pita, Gabriel, additional, Sanz, Francisco, additional, Schjoerring, Jan K., additional, Sebastià, Maria-Teresa, additional, Tang, Y. Sim, additional, Uggerud, Hilde, additional, Urbaniak, Marek, additional, van Dijk, Netty, additional, Vesala, Timo, additional, Vidic, Sonja, additional, Vincke, Caroline, additional, Weidinger, Tamás, additional, Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie, additional, Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, additional, Nemitz, Eiko, additional, and Sutton, Mark A., additional

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

46. Carbon / nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation. Part II: Untangling climatic, edaphic, management and nitrogen deposition effects on carbon sequestration potentials

Author

Flechard, Chris R., primary, van Oijen, Marcel, additional, Cameron, David R., additional, de Vries, Wim, additional, Ibrom, Andreas, additional, Buchmann, Nina, additional, Dise, Nancy B., additional, Janssens, Ivan A., additional, Neirynck, Johan, additional, Montagnani, Leonardo, additional, Varlagin, Andrej, additional, Loustau, Denis, additional, Legout, Arnaud, additional, Ziemblińska, Klaudia, additional, Aubinet, Marc, additional, Aurela, Mika, additional, Chojnicki, Bogdan H., additional, Drewer, Julia, additional, Eugster, Werner, additional, Francez, André-Jean, additional, Juszczak, Radosław, additional, Kitzler, Barbara, additional, Kutsch, Werner L., additional, Lohila, Annalea, additional, Longdoz, Bernard, additional, Matteucci, Giorgio, additional, Moreaux, Virginie, additional, Neftel, Albrecht, additional, Olejnik, Janusz, additional, Sanz, Maria J., additional, Siemens, Jan, additional, Vesala, Timo, additional, Vincke, Caroline, additional, Nemitz, Eiko, additional, Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie, additional, Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, additional, Skiba, Ute M., additional, and Sutton, Mark A., additional

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

47. Carbon / nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation. Part I: Fluxes and budgets of carbon, nitrogen and greenhouse gases from ecosystem monitoring and modelling

Author

Flechard, Chris R., primary, Ibrom, Andreas, additional, Skiba, Ute M., additional, de Vries, Wim, additional, van Oijen, Marcel, additional, Cameron, David R., additional, Dise, Nancy B., additional, Korhonen, Janne F. J., additional, Buchmann, Nina, additional, Legout, Arnaud, additional, Simpson, David, additional, Sanz, Maria J., additional, Aubinet, Marc, additional, Loustau, Denis, additional, Montagnani, Leonardo, additional, Neirynck, Johan, additional, Janssens, Ivan A., additional, Pihlatie, Mari, additional, Kiese, Ralf, additional, Siemens, Jan, additional, Francez, André-Jean, additional, Augustin, Jürgen, additional, Varlagin, Andrej, additional, Olejnik, Janusz, additional, Juszczak, Radosław, additional, Aurela, Mika, additional, Chojnicki, Bogdan H., additional, Dämmgen, Ulrich, additional, Djuricic, Vesna, additional, Drewer, Julia, additional, Eugster, Werner, additional, Fauvel, Yannick, additional, Fowler, David, additional, Frumau, Arnoud, additional, Granier, André, additional, Gross, Patrick, additional, Hamon, Yannick, additional, Helfter, Carole, additional, Hensen, Arjan, additional, Horváth, László, additional, Kitzler, Barbara, additional, Kruijt, Bart, additional, Kutsch, Werner L., additional, Lobo-do-Vale, Raquel, additional, Lohila, Annalea, additional, Longdoz, Bernard, additional, Marek, Michal V., additional, Matteucci, Giorgio, additional, Mitosinkova, Marta, additional, Moreaux, Virginie, additional, Neftel, Albrecht, additional, Ourcival, Jean-Marc, additional, Pilegaard, Kim, additional, Pita, Gabriel, additional, Sanz, Francisco, additional, Schjoerring, Jan K., additional, Sebastià, Maria-Teresa, additional, Tang, Y. Sim, additional, Uggerud, Hilde, additional, Urbaniak, Marek, additional, van Dijk, Netty, additional, Vesala, Timo, additional, Vidic, Sonja, additional, Vincke, Caroline, additional, Weidinger, Tamás, additional, Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie, additional, Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, additional, Nemitz, Eiko, additional, and Sutton, Mark A., additional

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

48. Supplementary material to "Carbon / nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation. Part II: Untangling climatic, edaphic, management and nitrogen deposition effects on carbon sequestration potentials"

Author

Flechard, Chris R., primary, van Oijen, Marcel, additional, Cameron, David R., additional, de Vries, Wim, additional, Ibrom, Andreas, additional, Buchmann, Nina, additional, Dise, Nancy B., additional, Janssens, Ivan A., additional, Neirynck, Johan, additional, Montagnani, Leonardo, additional, Varlagin, Andrej, additional, Loustau, Denis, additional, Legout, Arnaud, additional, Ziemblińska, Klaudia, additional, Aubinet, Marc, additional, Aurela, Mika, additional, Chojnicki, Bogdan H., additional, Drewer, Julia, additional, Eugster, Werner, additional, Francez, André-Jean, additional, Juszczak, Radosław, additional, Kitzler, Barbara, additional, Kutsch, Werner L., additional, Lohila, Annalea, additional, Longdoz, Bernard, additional, Matteucci, Giorgio, additional, Moreaux, Virginie, additional, Neftel, Albrecht, additional, Olejnik, Janusz, additional, Sanz, Maria J., additional, Siemens, Jan, additional, Vesala, Timo, additional, Vincke, Caroline, additional, Nemitz, Eiko, additional, Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie, additional, Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, additional, Skiba, Ute M., additional, and Sutton, Mark A., additional

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

49. Mapping Portuguese Natura 2000 sites in risk of biodiversity change caused by atmospheric nitrogen pollution

Author

Pinho, Pedro, Dias, Teresa, Cordovil, Cláudia M. d.S., Dragosits, Ulrike, Dise, Nancy B., Sutton, Mark A., Branquinho, Cristina, Pinho, Pedro, Dias, Teresa, Cordovil, Cláudia M. d.S., Dragosits, Ulrike, Dise, Nancy B., Sutton, Mark A., and Branquinho, Cristina

Abstract

In this paper, we assess and map the risk that atmospheric nitrogen (atN) pollution poses to biodiversity in Natura 2000 sites in mainland Portugal. We first review the ecological impacts of atN pollution on terrestrial ecosystems, focusing on the biodiversity of Natura 2000 sites. These nature protection sites, especially those located within the Mediterranean Basin, are under-characterized regarding the risk posed by atN pollution. We focus on ammonia (NH3) because this N form is mostly associated with agriculture, which co-occurs at or in the immediate vicinity of most areas of conservation interest in Portugal. We produce a risk map integrating NH3 emissions and the susceptibility of Natura 2000 sites to atN pollution, ranking habitat sensitivity to atN pollution using expert knowledge from a panel of Portuguese ecological and habitat experts. Peats, mires, bogs, and similar acidic and oligotrophic habitats within Natura 2000 sites (most located in the northern mountains) were assessed to have the highest relative risk of biodiversity change due to atN pollution, whereas Natura 2000 sites in the Atlantic and Mediterranean climate zone (coastal, tidal, and scrubland habitats) were deemed the least sensitive. Overall, results allowed us to rank all Natura 2000 sites in mainland Portugal in order of evaluated risk posed by atN pollution. The approach is of great relevance for stakeholders in different countries to help prioritize site protection and to define research priorities. This is especially relevant in countries with a lack of expertise to assess the impacts of nitrogen on biodiversity and can represent an important step up from current knowledge in such countries.

Published
2018

50. Nitrogen-rich organic soils under warm well-drained conditions are global nitrous oxide emission hotspots

Author

Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Pärn, Jaan, Verhoeven, Jos T.A., Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, Dise, Nancy B., Ullah, Sami, Aasa, Anto, Egorov, Sergey, Espenberg, Mikk, Järveoja, Järvi, Jauhiainen, Jyrki, Kasak, Kuno, Klemedtsson, Leif, Kull, Ain, Laggoun-Défarge, Fatima, Lapshina, Elena D., Lohila, Annalea, Lõhmus, Krista, Maddison, Martin, Mitsch, William J., Müller, Christoph, Niinemets, Ülo, Osborne, Bruce, Pae, Taavi, Salm, Jüri Ott, Sgouridis, Fotis, Sohar, Kristina, Soosaar, Kaido, Storey, Kathryn, Teemusk, Alar, Tenywa, Moses M., Tournebize, Julien, Truu, Jaak, Veber, Gert, Villa, Jorge A., Zaw, Seint Sann, Mander, Ülo, Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Pärn, Jaan, Verhoeven, Jos T.A., Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, Dise, Nancy B., Ullah, Sami, Aasa, Anto, Egorov, Sergey, Espenberg, Mikk, Järveoja, Järvi, Jauhiainen, Jyrki, Kasak, Kuno, Klemedtsson, Leif, Kull, Ain, Laggoun-Défarge, Fatima, Lapshina, Elena D., Lohila, Annalea, Lõhmus, Krista, Maddison, Martin, Mitsch, William J., Müller, Christoph, Niinemets, Ülo, Osborne, Bruce, Pae, Taavi, Salm, Jüri Ott, Sgouridis, Fotis, Sohar, Kristina, Soosaar, Kaido, Storey, Kathryn, Teemusk, Alar, Tenywa, Moses M., Tournebize, Julien, Truu, Jaak, Veber, Gert, Villa, Jorge A., Zaw, Seint Sann, and Mander, Ülo

Published
2018

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results