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Genus Discocerina Macquart Discocerina Macquart, 1835: 527. Type species: Notiphila pusilla Meigen, 1830 [= Notiphila obscurella Fallén, 1813], designated by Cresson, 1925: 253., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Ahmad, Syed K., Abdullah, Mohammed A. & Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz, 2019, An overview of the Ephydridae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, pp. 401-445 in Zootaxa 4711 (3) on page 420, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4711.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3586476, {"references":["Macquart, M. J. (1835) Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Dipteres, Tome deuxieme. In: Roret, N. E. (Ed.), Diptera. Vol. 2. Collection des Suites a Buffon, Paris, pp. 1 - 703, 12 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 14274","Meigen, J. W. (1830) Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europaischen zweiflugeligen Insekten. Vol. 6. Schulz, Hamm, 6, xi + 401 pp.","Fallen, C. F. (1813) Beskrifning Ofver nagr i Sverige Funna Vattenflugor (Hydromyzidae). Kungliga Svenska Vetenskaps Akademiens Hindlinger, 3, 1813, 240 - 257.","Cresson, E. T. (1925) Studies in the dipterous family Ephydridae, excluding the North and South American faunas. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 51, 227 - 258."]}

Discocerina obscurella (Fallén, 1813) (Fig. 22) Notiphila obscurella Fallén, 1813: 251. Discocerina obscurella: Haliday 1839: 224 [generic combination]; Foote & Eastin 1974: 401–408 [preimaginal stages]; Mathis & Zatwarnicki 2010: 107–110 [revision]. Psilopa (Clasiopa) obscurella: Stenhammar 1844: 160 [generic combination]. Clasiopa obscurella: Schiner 1864: 57 [generic combination]. Drosophila cinerella Fallén 1823: 7: Bächli 1990: 845 [synonymy]. Diastata luctuosa Meigen 1830: 97: Becker 1902: 304 [synonymy]. Notiphila nigrina Meigen 1830: 69: Haliday 1839: 224 [synonymy]. Psilopa (Clasiopa) nigrina: Stenhammar 1844: 160 [generic combination]. Clasiopa nigrina: Schiner 1864: 57 [generic combination]. Notiphila pusilla Meigen 1830: 71: Becker 1902: 297 [synonymy]. Discocerina pusilla: Macquart 1835: 527 [generic combination]. Notiphila tristis Meigen 1830: 72: Becker 1902: 297 [synonymy]. Psilopa (Clasiopa) pallidula Stenhammar 1844: 257: Dahl 1959: 156 [synonymy]. Clasiopa pallidula: Schiner 1864: 57 [generic combination]. Discocerina pallidula: Becker 1926: 43 [generic combination]. Ditrichophora pallidula: Cogan 1984: 136 [generic combination]. Specimens examined. 1 ♀, Asir, Abha, Hay Al-Nusub (Abha Farm Centre), 9–30. v. 2014, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS); 1 ♂, same data but 1–25. v. 2012 (CERS). Distribution. This is the first record from Saudi Arabia. It was described from Sweden and further recorded from the Afrotropical Region: Cape Verde Islands, Congo, Kenya, Rodriguez Islands; Nearctic Region: Canada, United States; Neotropical Region: Antilles, Argentina, Bahamas, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Venezuela; Palaearctic Region: widespread in Europe, Algeria, Azores, Canary Islands, Iran, Jordan, Madeira Islands, Morocco, Russia (European Territory, Far East), and Turkey., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Ahmad, Syed K., Abdullah, Mohammed A. & Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz, 2019, An overview of the Ephydridae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, pp. 401-445 in Zootaxa 4711 (3) on pages 420-421, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4711.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3586476, {"references":["Fallen, C. F. (1813) Beskrifning Ofver nagr i Sverige Funna Vattenflugor (Hydromyzidae). Kungliga Svenska Vetenskaps Akademiens Hindlinger, 3, 1813, 240 - 257.","Haliday, A. H. (1839) Remarks on the generic distribution of the British Hydromyzidae. Annals of Natural History, 3, 217 - 224 + 401 - 411. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745483909443252","Foote, B. A. & Eastin, W. C. (1974) Biology and immature stages of Discocerina obscurella (Diptera: Ephydridae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society Washington, 76 (4), 401 - 408.","Mathis, W. N. & Zatwarnicki, T. (2010) New species and other taxonomic modifications for shore flies from the Delmarva States (Diptera: Ephydridae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 112 (1), 97 - 128. https: // doi. org / 10.4289 / 0013 - 8797 - 112.1.97","Stenhammar, C. (1844) Forsok till Gruppering och Revision af de Svenska Ephydrinae. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Hindlinger, 1843 (3), 75 - 272. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 16236","Schiner, J. R. (1864) Catalogus systematicus Dipterorum Europae. impensis Societatis zoologico-botanicae editus, Vindobonae, 115 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 39977","Fallen, C. F. (1823) Hydromyzides Sveciae. Berlingianis, Lundae (Lund), 12 pp.","Bachli, G. (1990) Type specimens of Drosophilidae (Diptera) described by Linnaeus, Fallen, Wahlberg and Zetterstedt. Revue suisse de zoologie, 97 (4), 843 - 849. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 79764","Meigen, J. W. (1830) Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europaischen zweiflugeligen Insekten. Vol. 6. Schulz, Hamm, 6, xi + 401 pp.","Becker, T. (1902) Die Meigen'schen Typen der sogen. Muscidae acalypterae (Muscaria holometopa) in Paris und Wien. Zeitschrift fur systematische Hymenopterologie und Dipterologie, 2, 209 - 256 + 289 - 349.","Macquart, M. J. (1835) Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Dipteres, Tome deuxieme. In: Roret, N. E. (Ed.), Diptera. Vol. 2. Collection des Suites a Buffon, Paris, pp. 1 - 703, 12 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 14274","Dahl, R. G. (1959) Studies on Scandinavian Ephydridae (Diptera Brachycera). Opuscula Entomologica Supplementum, 15, 1 - 224.","Becker, T. (1926) 56 a Ephydridae und 56 b Canaceidae. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region. Band VI. 1. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlag, Stuttgart, pp. 1 - 115.","Cogan, B. H. (1984) Family Ephydridae. In: Soos, A. & Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera, Vol. 10. Elsevier, Budapest, pp. 126 - 176. [402 pp.]"]}

A revision of the shore-fly genus Hydrochasma Hendel. The species of the genus Hydrochasma Hendel are revised, including 27 new species (type locality in parenthesis): H. andeum (Ecuador. Guayas: Boliche (02°07.7'S, 79°35.5'W)), H. annae (United States. Utah. Grand: Swasey Beach (15.3 km N Green River; 39°07'N, 110°06.6'W; Green River; 1255 m)), H. capsum (Ecuador. Orellana: RíoTiputini (0°38.2'S, 76°8.9'W)), H. castilloi (Ecuador. Loja: Catamayo (03°59'S, 79°21'W)), H. crenulum (Peru. Cuzco: Paucartambo, Atalaya (Río Alto Madre de Dios; 12°53.3'S, 71°21.6'W; 600 m)), H. denticum (Ecuador. Orellana: Río Tiputini (0°38.2'S, 76°8.9'W)), H. digitatum (Peru. Madre de Dios: Diamante (Río Alto Madre de Dios; 12°19.9'S, 70°57.5'W; 400 m)), H. distinctum (Costa Rica. Limón: Parque Nacional Barbilla, Sector Casas Negras, (10°0.8'N, 83°28.1'W; 300 m)), H. dolabrutum (Dominican Republic. Barahona: Barahona (18°12'N, 71°5.3'W)), H. edmistoni (Dominican Republic. Azua: near Pueblo Viejo (18°24.8'N, 70°44.7'W)), H. falcatum (Peru. Madre de Dios: Río Manu, Erika (near Salvación; 12°50.7'S, 71°23.3'W; 550 m)), H. glochium (Dominican Republic. Peravia: San José Ocoa (10 km NE; 18°35'N, 70°25.6'W)), H. kaieteur (Guyana. Kaieteur Falls (05°10.5'N, 59°26.9'W)), H. lineatum (Trinidad and Tobago. Trinidad. St. George: Filette (1 km SE; 10°47'N, 61°21'W)), H. miguelito (Honduras. Cortés: San Pedro Sula (8 km S; 15°25.7'N, 88°01.4'W)), H. octogonum (Ecuador. Manabí: Pichincha (01°02.7'S, 79°49.2'W)), H. parallelum (Trinidad and Tobago. Trinidad. St. Andrew: Lower Manzanilla (16 km S; 10°22'N, 61°01'W)), H. peniculum (Dominican Republic. Pedernales: Pedernales (18°01.8'N, 71°44.7'W)), H. rictum (Honduras. Cortés: San Pedro Sula (8 km S; 15°25.7'N, 88°01.4'W)), H. robustum (Brazil. São Paulo. Ubatuba, Praia Puruba (23°21'S, 44°55.6'W; beach)), H. sagittarium (Trinidad and Tobago. Tobago: St. John: Parlatuvier (creek; 11°17.9'N, 60°35'W)), H. simplicum (Costa Rica. Limón: Parque Nacional Barbilla, Sector Casas Negras, (10°01.2'N, 83°26.2'W; 300 m)), H. sinuatum (Belize. Stann Creek: Mullins Creek (17 km N Dangriga; 17°06.2'N, 88°17.8'W)), H. spinosum (Costa Rica. Limón: Westfalia (4 km S; 09°54.5'N, 82°59'W; beach)), H. urnulum (Dominican Republic. Puerto Plata: Río Camu (14 km E Puerto Plata; 19°41.9'N, 70°37.5'W)), H. viridum (Guyana. Karanambo, Rupununi River (ox bow; 03°45.1'N, 59°18.6'W)), H. williamsae (Belize. Stann Creek: Mullins River (17 km N Dangriga; 17°06.2'N, 88°17.8'W)). All known species are described with an emphasis on structures of the male terminalia, which are fully illustrated. Detailed locality data and distribution maps for all species are provided. A lectotype is designated for Discocerina incisum Coquillett and Hydrochasma zernyi Hendel. For perspective and to facilitate genus-group and species-group recognition, the tribe Discocerinini is diagnosed and a key to included genera in the New World is provided.

New species of shore flies (Diptera: Ephydridae) from the Delmarva States are described, and taxonomic clarifications are made. The six new species are (type locality in parentheses): Discocerina delmarva (Virginia. Stafford: Aquia Harbour, Lions Park), Hydrochasma aquia (Virginia. Stafford: Aquia Harbour, Lions Park), Hydrochasma avanae (Utah. Grand: Swasey Beach (N Green River; shore of Green River; 1255 m), Hydrochasma garvinorum (Virginia. Rappahannock: Hazel River (NW Culpeper; 171 m)), Allotrichoma deonieri (Virginia. Spotsylvania: Rappahannock River), and Hydrellia toma (Virginia. Fairfax: Great Falls (Clay Pond)). The taxonomic changes are as follows: Psilopa obscuripes Loew is the correct name for “P. compta” of New World authors, nec Meigen; Discocerina parva Loew is confirmed as a junior synonym of Discocerina obscurella (Fallen), and the identification of the latter species is clarified with detailed illustrations and description of structures of the male terminalia.

The four generic names are recognized as new junior synonyms (Psiloposoma Frey = Scoliocephalus Becker; Neohydrellia Malloch = Hyadina Haliday; Pseudopelina Miyagi = Trimerogastra Hendel; Centromeromyia Frey = Scatophila Becker). Fifteen new synonyms in 5 genera have been suggested and 17 new combinations in 14 genera of Ephydridae are provided. Scatella lutosa var. rufipes Strobl and two subspecies of Halmopota are given species status. Eleleides chloris Cresson, Nostima flavitarsis Canz. and Menegh., and Discocerina mera are recorded for the first time from Oriental and Neotropical Region respectively. Notiphila opacula Zetterstedt, 1860 is removed from Ephydridae to Pelomyiella in Tethinidae. Six lectotypes in Allotrichoma, Diclasiopa, Scoliocephalus, and Discomyza are designated.