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This study proposes a measure that can concurrently evaluate the degree and direction of deviancy from the marginal mean equality (ME) model in square contingency tables with ordered categories. The proposed measure is constructed as the function of the row and column cumulative marginal probabilities. When the ME model does not fit data, we are interested in measuring the degree of deviancy from the ME model, because the model having weaker restrictions than the ME model is only the saturated model. This existing measure, which represents the degree of deviancy from the ME model, does not depend on the probabilities that observations will fall in the main diagonal cells of the table. For the data in which observations are concentrated in the main diagonal cells, the existing measure may overestimate the degree of deviancy from the ME model. The proposed measure can address this issue. This study derives an estimator and an approximate confidence interval for the proposed measure using the delta method. The proposed measure would be utility for comparing degrees of deviancy from the ME model in two datasets. The proposed measure is evaluated the usefulness with the application to real data of clinical trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a processed phytoplankton dataset from Lake Zerendi and other Kokshetau Upland lakes, Kazakhstan. The study aimed to develop an automated method for controlling the distribution of phytoplankton in fresh open water using a gradient descent approach with the search for a starting point for research. The paper also presents the reconstructed biomass indicators for changes in water temperature, with model calibration based on results from 5 years of surface sampling. A special feature of the proposed computer data processing is the cubic spline interpolation, which allows a higher calculation accuracy. This method reduces the sample size required, providing a comprehensive picture of the condition of the infrastructure and allowing for a more efficient response to emerging ecosystem issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee is an intergovernmental regional organization dealing with typhoon (tropical cyclones) related disasters. Millions of people around the Asia-Pacific region remain exposed to a higher frequency and intensity of natural hazards. For more developed countries, tropical cyclone related impacts cause major social and economic disruptions through loss of lives and property. With recognizing the importance of aligning its efforts with UN Early Warnings for All (EW4All) initiative which aims to strengthen early warning systems globally, Typhoon Committee resolved to initiate the monitoring of ongoing or past efforts by TC Members in contributing to the four key pillars of the EW4all initiative aiming to (1) evaluate the Committee's contributions to EW4All; and (2) identify the opportunities for enhancing performance through Member Reports and the WGs' AOP specification. TC had its 18th IWS/4th TRCG forum with a theme of "Early Warnings for All Through Enhancement of Typhoon Standard Operating Procedures (SOP)" and "Towards a Typhoon Resilient Society"; TC Secretary (TCS) initiated a reviewing and monitoring on the ongoing or previous efforts of TC Members, through analyzing the AOPs' implementation of TC WGs, in contributing to the pillars of the EW4All initiative with the objective of enabling an evaluation of the Committee's contributions to EW4All and identify opportunities for further enhancing its performance. This paper intends to discuss the directions on how to further enhance TC activities aligning with and contribution to EW4All in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Home Economics of Japan is the property of Japan Society of Home Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Since the first half of the 19th century, Russian theater appears to be genuinely drawn to Spanish dramaturgy, starting to convey the ideals of Spanish culture and incorporating Spanish mythologems. This intense and long-lasting passion for Spain can be attributed to the Russian culture seeking to acquire some of its features. Thus, Pedro Calderón’s play «The Surgeon of his honour», staged in 1830 by the great Russian actor Vasily Karatygin, was a manifestation of Russian «hispanophilia» in the 1820s, nurtured by the Russian Romantics’ interest in the revolutionary events in Spain. In the 1860s–1870s, during the era of liberal reforms initiated by Alexander II of Russia, performances based on the works of Lope de Vega resonated with the most pressing socio-political issues of Russia. In 1915, in the midst of World War I, Vsevolod Meyerhold staged Calderón’s play «The Constant Prince» which highlighted the world’s beauty and vulnerability. The success of Spanish comedies in the late 1930s and 1940s stood in stark contrast to the era of harsh trials. The directors of the second half of the 20th century sought to distance themselves as much as possible from the stereotypical way of staging Spanish performances that emerged in the USSR in the 1940s: Andrey Goncharov wanted to present Spain as a country of «dusty roads and braying donkeys», while Sergey Barkhin alluded to Spanish mannerism in Leonid Jeifets’ performance «Jealous of Herself». Consequently, the tradition of staging Spanish plays in Russian theaters manifested itself in attempts to go beyond the «popular» Spain, to find another Spain and new forms of portraying it on stage.

Abstract The enhancement of flexibility, energy efficiency, and environmental friendliness constitutes a widely acknowledged trend in the development of urban infrastructure. The proliferation of various types of transportation vehicles exacerbates the complexity of traffic regulation. Intelligent transportation systems, leveraging real-time traffic status prediction technologies, such as velocity estimation, emerge as viable solutions for the efficacious management and control of urban road networks. The objective of this project is to address the complex task of increasing accuracy in predicting traffic conditions on a big scale using deep learning techniques. To accomplish the objective of the study, the historical traffic data of Paris and Istanbul within a certain timeframe were used, considering the impact of variables such as speed, traffic volume, and direction. Specifically, traffic movie clips based on 2 years of real-world data for the two cities were utilized. The movies were generated with HERE data derived from over 100 billion GPS (Global Positioning System) probe points collected from a substantial fleet of automobiles. The model presented by us, unlike the majority of previous ones, takes into account the cumulative impact of speed, flow, and direction. The developed model showed better results compared to the well-known models, in particular, in comparison with the SR-ResNet model. The pixel-wise MAE (mean absolute error) values for Paris and Istanbul were 4.299 and 3.884 respectively, compared to 4.551 and 3.993 for SR-ResNET. Thus, the created model demonstrated the possibilities for further enhancing the accuracy and efficacy of intelligent transportation systems, particularly in large urban centres, thereby facilitating heightened safety, energy efficiency, and convenience for road users. The obtained results will be useful for local policymakers responsible for infrastructure development planning, as well as for specialists and researchers in the field. Future research should investigate how to incorporate more sources of information, in particular previous information from physical traffic flow models, information about weather conditions, etc. into the deep learning framework, as well as further increasing of the throughput capacity and reducing processing time.

ObjectivesDesignMethodResultsConclusionsThis study explored whether several subgroups of athletes representing distinct trajectories of intensity and direction of pleasant and unpleasant emotions (anger, anxiety, dejection, excitement, and happiness) could be shown to exist within the latent growth analysis (LCGA). A secondary objective was to examine whether athletes belonging to distinct trajectories of intensity and direction of emotions reported distinct scores of adaptive defense mechanisms (ADM) and maladaptive defense mechanisms (MDM).A longitudinal four-wave measurement design was used in the present study.380 athletes completed the sports emotion questionnaire direction across four measurement times and the defense style questionnaire at the beginning of the season.Results of LCGAs revealed several distinct emotional trajectories for each emotion intensity and emotion direction. Moreover, athletes belonging to distinct (adaptive or maladaptive) trajectories reported significantly different scores of ADM and MDM. Higher scores of ADM were reported by athletes belonging to adaptive trajectories of the direction of emotions.Sports psychologists should try to promote ADM and defensive flexibility to help athletes perceive their emotions as facilitative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, the management audit benefits the organizational management of entities in many aspects to be able to obtain an efficient and effective administration, guiding innovation and progress in the processes of good decision making, executing processes based on current legal regulations. Since for organizational development it is important to know the degree of efficiency, effectiveness and economics of the activities carried out in the organization, therefore it is necessary to carry out a management audit whose purpose is to evaluate the performance of the activities carried out and compare them with the goals and objectives set, so that they can generate good results for the organization, as long as it effectively involves planning, organization, direction and control, providing services and public goods to satisfy the needs of the population, always seeking the local common good of exempt manner subject to the legal provision of the Ecuadorian state, that is, it has autonomy to govern and administer, through a consensus with society the budget is distributed to make the best decisions for an optimal organization, thus guaranteeing the rights of the population, Given this background, the work presented shows the results obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper will explore the dichotomy of direction and stimulus through a reflection on arts-based methods used in a research study into post-industrial communities in South Wales and consider whether in participatory processes, a catalyst for artistic creativity could become construed as researcher-led control over the activities. Through an examination of the methods and outcomes of the project, which employed a range of qualitative methods with an artistic and creative basis, I reflect on the positives and negatives of such an approach and also consider how my positionality affected my epistemological stance. Ultimately, I conclude that the complex storying of participatory activities and the issues of power and identity involving both researcher and participants inevitably means that the research 'dance' blurs the distinction between participation and direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Agriculture & Nature / Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım & Doğa Dergisi is the property of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The enhancement of flexibility, energy efficiency, and environmental friendliness constitutes a widely acknowledged trend in the development of urban infrastructure. The proliferation of various types of transportation vehicles exacerbates the complexity of traffic regulation. Intelligent transportation systems, leveraging real-time traffic status prediction technologies, such as velocity estimation, emerge as viable solutions for the efficacious management and control of urban road networks. The objective of this project is to address the complex task of increasing accuracy in predicting traffic conditions on a big scale using deep learning techniques. To accomplish the objective of the study, the historical traffic data of Paris and Istanbul within a certain timeframe were used, considering the impact of variables such as speed, traffic volume, and direction. Specifically, traffic movie clips based on 2 years of real-world data for the two cities were utilized. The movies were generated with HERE data derived from over 100 billion GPS (Global Positioning System) probe points collected from a substantial fleet of automobiles. The model presented by us, unlike the majority of previous ones, takes into account the cumulative impact of speed, flow, and direction. The developed model showed better results compared to the well-known models, in particular, in comparison with the SR-ResNet model. The pixel-wise MAE (mean absolute error) values for Paris and Istanbul were 4.299 and 3.884 respectively, compared to 4.551 and 3.993 for SR-ResNET. Thus, the created model demonstrated the possibilities for further enhancing the accuracy and efficacy of intelligent transportation systems, particularly in large urban centres, thereby facilitating heightened safety, energy efficiency, and convenience for road users. The obtained results will be useful for local policymakers responsible for infrastructure development planning, as well as for specialists and researchers in the field. Future research should investigate how to incorporate more sources of information, in particular previous information from physical traffic flow models, information about weather conditions, etc. into the deep learning framework, as well as further increasing of the throughput capacity and reducing processing time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the definition of "strategy", it concluded the comprehensive management strategies of the Yellow River estuary into six aspects, including security of flood control and disaster reduction, scientific arrangement of flow path, sediment regulation and control, balance supply of river, ecosystem health and coordinated development of man-land system. In addition, it systematically reviewed the practice and research progress of each strategy in estuary management, and summarized the adaptability and limitation of each strategy. On this basis, the development direction of the Yellow River estuary management strategy research in the future was put forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the relationship between the mathematical components that constitute the fundamental equation set in Einstein's seminal 1905 paper, "On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies." By conducting a straightforward comparison of these components, we unveil the inescapable emergence of the equation ... However, it becomes evident that this equation lacks empirical validation for any nonzero value of |v|. It is widely acknowledged that the Special Theory of Relativity (STR) surpasses Newtonian theory in the realm of kinematics, particularly at relativistic speeds. The cornerstone belief supporting the existence of STR, known as the second postulate, has been widely recognized. Therefore, the equation presented above naturally encourages a reexamination of the second postulate's true nature. Such an investigation inevitably leads to the conclusion that the second postulate lacks the substantiation necessary to be considered a valid physical statement. Indeed, it also becomes evident in this investigation that one of the two fundamental equations requires more rigorous refinement to accurately depict the underlying physical phenomena. Nevertheless, the question persists: Is there a pathway to refine this equation effectively? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Upward-directed exit-site has been believed to be the worst for frequent ESI by an old retrospective study using straight catheters. No comparison study of 3 exit-site directions using swan-neck catheter has been performed regarding which direction is the best for our endpoints, Easy-to-see the backside area of exit-site: ESBE, Easy-to-disinfect the backside area of exit-site: EDBE, reduction of both exit-site infection (ESI), symptomatic catheter dislocation and peritonitis. Methods: We assessed the relationship of exit-site direction with our endpoints in a quantitative cross-sectional, multicentered questionnaire survey. Patients who received either non-surgical catheter implantation or exit-site surgery were excluded. Results: The numbers (percentage) of exit-site directions in included 291 patients were upward 79 (26.0), lateralward 108 (37.5) and downward 105 (36.5). Cochran-Armitage analysis showed a significant step-ladder increase in the prevalence of ESI as the direction changed from upward to lateralward to downward (0.15 ± 0.41, 0.25 ± 0.54, 0.38 ± 0.69 episodes/patient-year, p = 0.03). Multivariable regression analysis revealed the upward exit-site independently associates with both higher frequency of ESBE (OR 5.55, 95% CI 2.23–16.45, p < 0.01) and reduction of prevalence of ESI (OR 0.55, 95%CI 0.27–0.98, p = 0.04). Positive association between the prevalence of symptomatic catheter dislocation and ESI (OR 2.84, 95% CI 1.27–7.82, p = 0.01), and inverse association between EDBE and either prevalence of symptomatic catheter dislocation (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.11–0.72) or peritonitis (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.23–0.99) observed. Conclusion: Upward-directed swan-neck catheter exit-site may be the best for both ESBE and prevention of ESI. EDBE may reduce catheter dislocation and peritonitis. Symptomatic catheter dislocation may predict ESI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study is designed to recognize the differences between the homepage direction of Saudi and American electronic newspapers, by comparing the homepage direction elements of each of them, and to find out the statistical differences between the study sample newspapers' use of direction elements. The study adopted the comparative survey approach on a sample of Saudi and American electronic newspapers, namely: (Al-Weam, Sabq, Washington Post, New York Post) which took six months from (10/01/2022) to (27/6/2022). The results of the study revealed that: the newspapers of the study sample differed in employing the elements of the homepage direction, and how to benefit from modern Internet technologies in directing the homepage. The study also showed that there were statistically significant differences between the methods of homepage direction of the study sample newspapers, and there were also statistically significant differences. between these newspapers’ use of typographic elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study set out to investigate the effect of direction in textual cohesion. It compares two Spanish translations of 论语 (The Analects) from Chinese, one by a non-native translator and the other by a native translator. Using Coh-Metrix-Esp, both translations are analyzed at the lexical, syntactical, and textual levels to evaluate the overall textual cohesion. The results confirmed an effect of direction in translation: translation conducted by a native speaker is more coherent and easier to read than that by a non-native translator. However, some parameters revisited also suggest that non-native translator can be more successful in some respects. Our conclusion is that there is no apparent advantage of a native translator over a non-native translator.

This study aims to identify the effectiveness of e-project-based learning (e-PBL) in improving the academic achievement and learning motivation of female students of special education. A card for evaluating e-projects, an achievement test, a motivation measure, and a measure of attitudes toward e-PBL were administered to a sample of all 38 students studying Psychology and Special Education at Al-Balqa’ Applied University, Jordan. The present study implemented the quasi-experimental approach. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences in the mean scores of the female students and their academic achievement due to e-PBL. Similarly, there were statistically significant differences in the means of the responses of the female students in enhancing female students’ motivation and attitudes attributed to e-PBL. Moreover, there were differences in the means of the responses of the female students in identifying the obstacles that face the application of e-PBL.

There is a well-known clash between the subjective sensation of time as flowing or passing, and the physicist's description of 'block time' in which all of time is laid out as a timescape, the temporal analogue of a spatial landscape. A common mistake is to conflate the physical arrow of time — the asymmetry of sequences of physical states under time reversal — with the psychological flow of time. A clearer picture is to replace the language of time's passage with one in which states of the world at various moments are correlated with states of the brain at those same moments. Time's flow is a purely psychological phenomenon and not an aspect of fundamental spacetime physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Efficient integration of wind energy requires accurate wind power forecasting. This prediction is critical in optimising grid operation, energy trading, and effectively harnessing renewable resources. However, the wind's complex and variable nature poses considerable challenges to achieving accurate forecasts. In this context, the accuracy of wind parameter forecasts, including wind speed and direction, is essential to enhancing the precision of wind power predictions. The presence of missing data in these parameters further complicates the forecasting process. These missing values could result from sensor malfunctions, communication issues, or other technical constraints. Addressing this issue is essential to ensuring the reliability of wind power predictions and the stability of the power grid. This paper proposes a long short-term memory (LSTM) model to forecast missing wind speed and direction data to tackle these issues. A fractional-order neural network (FONN) with a fractional arctan activation function is also developed to enhance generated wind power prediction. The predictive efficacy of the FONN model is demonstrated through two comprehensive case studies. In the first case, wind direction and forecast wind speed data are used, while in the second case, wind speed and forecast wind direction data are used for predicting power. The proposed hybrid neural network model improves wind power forecasting accuracy and addresses data gaps. The model's performance is measured using mean errors and R2 values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article employs a library-based research method that is both critical and analytical-comparative. This approach entails the utilization of resources available in libraries, encompassing both paper and electronic materials. The methodology employed in the study and review was entirely critical. No comment has been included in this article unless it has been subjected to a thorough review and critique. In addition, the contents of this article, including topics and questions, have been subjected to analytical scrutiny with a view to comparative law. Comparative studies have been carried out concerning French law to focus on the analysis and evaluation. The law of French civil procedure and the court precedence of this country have been considered in the comparative study. Along with this study, court precedence has also been examined. Article 51 (4) of the Civil Procedure Law stipulates that the petitioner must set forth "the obligations and reasons according to which the petitioner considers himself entitled to a claim" to ensure that the intent is clear. This request requires the petitioner to specify the grounds on which they believe their claim to be justified. Although the concept of "reasons" ("le moyen" in French terminology) is discussed in terms of several thematic, prescriptive, and affirmative categories, from an objective standpoint, the reasons can be anything from the perspective of the claimant. They may be rooted in the law of contracts, outside of it, or even in the law. For this reason, an answer within the legal system is sufficient. This article focuses on whether the plaintiff can rely on more than one aspect in his lawsuit or whether the defendant can raise some aspects and defer others for subsequent consideration rather than presenting all aspects as the basis of his defense. To illustrate, should the petitioner petition the court for a divorce judgment and allege instances of bad behavior, nonpayment of alimony, addiction, and neglect? Is it permissible for a divorce seeker to consolidate multiple analogous grounds for dissolution of the marriage into a single category, thereby indicating that she is in a predicament? In a lawsuit to terminate a contract, may the claimant request the termination in general and state his entitlement defect in goods or fraud? In all of these examples, can the judge select one of these aspects and refrain from commenting on the others or issue a judgment of disqualification and rejection? What is the effect of this type of judging? If a person has not raised the claim of termination of the contract due to fraud and other similar grounds in the lawsuit that require the preparation of an official document, can they raise such a claim in a subsequent lawsuit? How would the defendant respond to such a claim? Two categories of solutions have been proposed to address these questions. One proposed solution is the concentration or consolidation of the aspects in question, which would require the petitioner and the defendant to present all aspects in a proceeding. If they fail to do so, it is assumed that they have claimed or defended all aspects. The other solution, which is the result of the first, is the prohibition of restating these aspects. Subsequently, a new lawsuit is initiated, which includes the res judicata. The article's primary contribution is delineating a clear distinction between the underlying causes of a dispute and the factors that precipitate and perpetuate it. This distinction is crucial for understanding the complexities of dispute resolution. Accepting that the cause is not one of the fundamental principles of res judicata is impossible. Instead, the subject of the dispute and its entitlements, along with the parties' unity, represent the fundamental principles underpinning the validity of res judicata. Furthermore, assuming that the general rule is to present all sides simultaneously in every trial is untenable. It is presumed that this has been done, and the res judicata prevents filing a lawsuit or defense against any other party in litigation. Another noteworthy development is acknowledging the distinction between civil and family procedural norms in this context. Nevertheless, family law and its associated procedures exhibit a distinctive aspect pertaining to the demand for divorce. In this context, divorce is initiated through a formal request, which legal considerations may prompt, the circumstances of the parties involved, or a judge's decision in a complex case involving a woman. One reason, and several reasons, falls into several categories. The Constitution and the symbolic nature of hardships and difficulties make it reasonable to conclude that the judge of the family court may consider the possibility of divorce due to hardships and difficult situations. Furthermore, changes in these reasons should be accepted, even if this is done at the appeal stage. The criterion is that these actions and changes are compatible with the purpose and intent of the request, even though they result in a shift in the legal basis of the lawsuit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of SEMS-Journal is the property of Schwiez Zschr Sportmed Sporttraumatologie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Relationships between nonoptimal temperatures and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality have been well documented. However, evidence of the association between temperature variability (TV) and CVD morbidity is limited. This study aimed to quantify the risk and burden of CVD-related hospitalization associated with the magnitude and direction of TV. Data on meteorology and population-based hospitalizations for myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke were collected in Guangzhou, China, from 2013 to 2017. Hourly temperature variability (HTV) was measured as the standard deviation of hourly temperature records over specific exposure days. The direction (upward or downward) of HTV was defined as the average daily mean temperature change relative to that of the previous day during the exposure period. Quasi-Poisson regression was applied to assess the impact of HTV after adjusting for the daily mean temperature, and the hospitalization fractions attributable to HTV were calculated. A 1 °C-increase in HTV was significantly associated with a 2.24% and 1.72% increase in hospitalizations for MI and hemorrhagic stroke (HS) at lag 0–1 d, respectively, and a 1.55% increase in hospitalizations for ischemic stroke (IS) at lag 0–3 d. During the study period, 5.99%, 4.64%, and 4.53% of MI, HS, and IS hospitalizations, respectively, were attributable to HTV. The upward TV exerts acute effects on CVD hospital admissions, whereas the impact of downward TV generally lags. These findings highlight the importance of the magnitude and direction of temperature fluctuations, in addition to the mean level, in assessing the adverse health impacts of temperature variations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Efficient maintenance of posture depends on the ability of humans to predict consequences of a perturbation applied to their body. The purpose of this scoping review was to map the literature on the role of predictability of a body perturbation in control of posture. A comprehensive search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases was conducted. Inclusion criteria were studies of adults participating in experiments involving body perturbations, reported outcomes of posture and balance control, and studies published in English. Sixty-three studies were selected. The reviewed information resources included the availability of sensory information and the exposure to perturbations in different sequences of perturbation magnitudes or directions. This review revealed that people use explicit and implicit information resources for the prediction of perturbations. Explicit information consists of sensory information related to perturbation properties and timing, whereas implicit information involves learning from repetitive exposures to perturbations of the same properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motion speed and direction are two fundamental cues for the mammalian visual system. Neurons in various places of the neocortex show tuning properties in term of firing frequency to both speed and direction. The present study applied a 32-channel electroencephalograph (EEG) system to 13 human subjects while they were observing a single object moving with different speeds in various directions from the center of view to the periphery on a computer monitor. Depending on the experimental condition, the subjects were either required to fix their gaze at the center of the monitor while the object was moving or to track the movement with their gaze; eye-tracking glasses were used to ensure that they followed instructions. In each trial, motion speed and direction varied randomly and independently, forming two competing visual features. EEG signal classification was performed for each cue separately (e.g., 11 speed values or 11 directions), regardless of variations in the other cue. Under the eye-fixed condition, multiple subjects showed distinct preferences to motion direction over speed; however, two outliers showed superb sensitivity to speed. Under the eye-tracking condition, in which the EEG signals presumably contained ocular movement signals, all subjects showed predominantly better classification for motion direction. There was a trend that speed and direction were encoded by different electrode sites. Since EEG is a noninvasive and portable approach suitable for brain–computer interfaces (BCIs), this study provides insights on fundamental knowledge of the visual system as well as BCI applications based on visual stimulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study aimed to propose an training program and measure its impact on developing graphic design skills among tenth grade students in the Jordanian Ministry of Education schools and their attitudes towards it. The study population consisted of all tenth-grade students at Khadija Bint Khuwaylid Secondary School for Governmental Girls in the Directorate of Education for the Rusaifa region during the first semester of the academic year (2023-2024), as they numbered (50) students. The semi-experimental approach was used in the current study with two groups. experimental and control. To achieve the objectives of the study, one questionnaire and two tests were developed, and its validity and reliability were confirmed. The study concluded that the effect of the training program on acquiring graphic design skills among tenth grade students was high. In addition to the existence of apparent differences between the mean scores of the experimental and control groups in the post-measurement in the graphic design skills test in favor of the experimental group. And that there are statistically significant differences at the significance level (a = 0.05) between the means of the experimental and control groups in the graphic design skills test. The study also found that the attitudes of tenth grade students towards the training program were high. The study recommended that the Ministry of Education in its various directorates adopt the proposed training program to measure graphic design skills. By perusing it and trying to apply it in its various schools, and for academic leaders to assume graphic design skills critical importance Where it works to stimulate the conduct of studies and research from time to time, to find out the reality of those skills, and work seriously to develop and update them to take into account the technical development of the number of etraining programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the modern world, scientific instructions encompass new needs that contribute to innovation and continuous improvement in administrative management processes within public and private entities, efficiently achieving their objectives and goals, where it reflects their management and leads to a good administrative process planning, organization, direction and control. Given this background, the main objective was to "Describe how administrative management affects the scope of the objectives of the Financial Management Directorate of the Municipal Decentralized Autonomous Government of the Canton of Santa Ana" seeking to evaluate the main elements of compliance or non-compliance by the Financial Directorate. For its execution, a non-experimental methodological design is proposed, with a qualitative and mixed approach, determining a non-probabilistic method where no formula is evident in the interpretation of its population because it is a smaller percentage. Given this, a statistical analysis of surveyed, among its main results the impact of the achievement of objectives by the Financial Department was measured, where it fulfills its activities carried out in the internal regulations, process manual, compliance, institutional objectives and objectives of the area, presenting its conclusions with real data addressed in the preparation of this fragment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Please allow me to humbly offer a brief amendment on the empirical equation offered by Wang et al. (Geotech Geol Eng 35(4):1645–1655, 2017): J R C = 1.319 (1 + 2.826 tan β) D f . This equation should be replaced by the corrected equation offered in this discussion: J R C = 1.673 (1 + 2.157 tan β) D f . This statement is based on the fact that, as a previous step for the final formula achievement, the original authors established the basic friction angle ( ϕ b ) through tilt tests using three rock cores and applying the equation ϕ b = 2 3 tan φ , while the applied equation should have been ϕ b = 3 2 tan φ . The original authors' calculi have been carefully revised in order to offer the above-corrected equation with the aim of enhancing and taking more profit of the original authors' interesting contribution for predicting rock joint shear strength with geometrical data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The waggle dances of honeybees are a strikingly complex form of animal communication that underlie the collective foraging behaviour of colonies. The mechanisms by which bees assess the locations of forage sites that they have visited for representation on the dancefloor are now well-understood, but few studies have considered the remarkable backward translation of such information into flight vectors by dance-followers. Here, we explore whether the gene expression patterns that are induced through individual learning about foraging locations are mirrored when bees learn about those same locations from their nest-mates. We first confirmed that the mushroom bodies of honeybee dancers show a specific transcriptomic response to learning about distance, and then showed that approximately 5% of those genes were also differentially expressed by bees that follow dances for the same foraging sites, but had never visited them. A subset of these genes were also differentially expressed when we manipulated distance perception through an optic flow paradigm, and responses to learning about target direction were also in part mirrored in the brains of dance followers. Our findings show a molecular footprint of the transfer of learnt information from one animal to another through this extraordinary communication system, highlighting the dynamic role of the genome in mediating even very short-term behavioural changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article discusses issues and problems related to the modern development of public administration in the face of uncertainty and economic crisis, as well as a tense socio-political situation. The paper studies the main theoretical approaches of the authors to the concept of “public administration”, based on the evolution of the main concepts on thistopic. In addition, the article analyzes the directions of development of public administration in Russia. Attempts are being made to study further prospects for the development of public administration. The relevance of the topic of this article is explained by the fact that today the issues and problems related to the development of public administration in Russia have a strategic focus, since in the current conditions the management mechanisms of state and municipal authorities are ineffective and require serious changes. This also applies to the regulatory framework that regulates the activities of government bodies. It needs some changes and some additions. In addition, it is worth saying that modern society, being on the path of transformation, digitalization and active use of the Internet, have the opportunity to ask questions about government directly. Goal. Study of the main directions of public administration development in Russia and its further prospects. Tasks. In the course of the research, such tasks were solved as: studying the authors’ approaches to the concept of “public administration”, identifying the main features and directions of public administration development, identifying problems and prospects for the development of public administration, taking into account complex crisis and stressful conditions.Methodology. It includes theoretical methods, the method of analysis, the method of forecasting with regard to development prospects. Conclusions. In the conditions of the existing instability, crisis and a large number of sanctions, new approaches and methods to the development of public administration are required. This is due to the fact that the previously existing mechanisms of state and municipal authorities are not fully effective. Also, changes are required by the regulatory legislative frame-work, which regulates the principles of public power management at both the federal and municipal levels.

The article deals with the problem of traffic in three traffic-light intersections in the street network of Iasi city. Usually, the existing traffic lights do not fully take into account the size, structure and parameters of the queue of vehicles waiting at intersections; which in turn affects the traffic capacity of the intersection. In the study, we used a representative set of measurements taken at the three intersections to interpret the variation in the crossing speeds of the traffic light intersection space by the vehicle columns using the linear regression method. We studied several categories of vehicles queuing before the stop line at the intersection. We made a statistical analysis of the time taken to cross three intersections by vehicles in different starting positions. The main results of the research showed estimates in good agreement with observational data as well as a significant reduction in vehicle speed (to 58%) when there are different categories of vehicles queuing at the intersection. This study can be used in the urban traffic diagnosis method, being part of a traffic study together with urban traffic forecasting and therapy.

The object of research is motion cueing along angular degrees of freedom on flight simulators of non-maneuvering aircraft. One of the most problematic places is lack of statement and effective solution of the problem to ensure high-quality motion cues along angular degrees of freedom on flight simulators, which would correspond to motion cues along angular degrees of freedom in real flight with the same control actions. In the course of the research, on the basis of the peculiarities of human movement perception, a set of characteristic attributes of perception of motion cues is determined: character, direction, duration, intensity and time of motion perception (according to Gibson’s perception theory). Based on the system approach principles, the mathematical formulation of the solution to the problem of motion cueing along angular degrees of freedom on flight simulators of non-maneuvering aircraft is used. Such approach made it possible, taking into account the existing constructive resource of flight simulator motion system, to bring as close as possible motion cueing along angular degrees of freedom on flight simulators of non-maneuvering aircraft to motion cues along angular degrees of freedom in real flight with the same control actions. Due to this the character and direction of motion cues fully correspond to the real motion cues, the difference between the perception time of motion cues on airplane and simulator is minimal and meets the current requirements. The duration and intensity of the motion cue perception on simulator are proportional duration and intensity of motion cue perception on airplane. Such approach significantly improves the quality of training and retraining of pilots on flight simulators. Implementation of the developed problem formulation on aircraft simulators, in particular on An-74TK-200, showed its high efficiency. In the future, the proposed approach can be used on flight simulators of aircraft developed in Ukraine and modernization of operated flight simulators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Polish Journal of Management Studies is the property of Czestochowa University of Technology, Faculty of Management and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Economics & Social Sciences is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Efficient integration of wind energy requires accurate wind power forecasting. This prediction is critical in optimising grid operation, energy trading, and effectively harnessing renewable resources. However, the wind’s complex and variable nature poses considerable challenges to achieving accurate forecasts. In this context, the accuracy of wind parameter forecasts, including wind speed and direction, is essential to enhancing the precision of wind power predictions. The presence of missing data in these parameters further complicates the forecasting process. These missing values could result from sensor malfunctions, communication issues, or other technical constraints. Addressing this issue is essential to ensuring the reliability of wind power predictions and the stability of the power grid. This paper proposes a long short-term memory (LSTM) model to forecast missing wind speed and direction data to tackle these issues. A fractional-order neural network (FONN) with a fractional arctan activation function is also developed to enhance generated wind power prediction. The predictive efficacy of the FONN model is demonstrated through two comprehensive case studies. In the first case, wind direction and forecast wind speed data are used, while in the second case, wind speed and forecast wind direction data are used for predicting power. The proposed hybrid neural network model improves wind power forecasting accuracy and addresses data gaps. The model’s performance is measured using mean errors and R2 values.

An object's location is often remembered relative to one or more landmarks. An object has a certain direction and distance relative to a landmark. When multiple landmarks are available the information from the different landmarks is integrated. In the prevailing view direction and distance are equally influential in the integration process. We present evidence that direction and distance are not always equally influential in landmark-based memory. During the study phase of our task, participants viewed a set of layouts, each comprising a target and two landmarks. During the test phase participants attempted to place each target in the correct location relative to the two landmarks. Our measure of direction deviation indexed the degree to which the targets were placed on the basis of distance rather than solely on the basis of direction. Our measure of distance deviation indexed the degree to which the targets were placed on the basis of direction rather than solely on the basis of distance. Direction deviation was smaller than distance deviation. The results suggest that direction is more influential than distance in memory for the locations of objects relative to landmarks.

In skeleton-based action recognition, treating skeleton data as pseudoimages using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) has proven to be effective. However, among existing CNN-based approaches, most focus on modeling information at the joint-level ignoring the size and direction information of the skeleton edges, which play an important role in action recognition, and these approaches may not be optimal. In addition, combining the directionality of human motion to portray action motion variation information is rarely considered in existing approaches, although it is more natural and reasonable for action sequence modeling. In this work, we propose a novel direction-guided two-stream convolutional neural network for skeleton-based action recognition. In the first stream, our model focuses on our defined edge-level information (including edge and edge_motion information) with directionality in the skeleton data to explore the spatiotemporal features of the action. In the second stream, since the motion is directional, we define different skeleton edge directions and extract different motion information (including translation and rotation information) in different directions to better exploit the motion features of the action. In addition, we propose a description of human motion inscribed by a combination of translation and rotation, and explore how they are integrated. We conducted extensive experiments on two challenging datasets, the NTU-RGB+D 60 and NTU-RGB+D 120 datasets, to verify the superiority of our proposed method over state-of-the-art methods. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed direction-guided edge-level information and motion information complement each other for better action recognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An observer often remembers an object's location on the basis of its direction and distance from reference objects. Two kinds of reference object are of particular interest: landmarks and boundaries. We compared how well observers remembered the direction and distance of target objects from a landmark and a boundary. Patterns of variable error implied that the landmark was more effective than the boundary in supporting memory for target object direction. When the predictions of the landmark and the boundary were placed in conflict, patterns of constant error implied that the boundary was more effective than the landmark in supporting memory for target object distance. These results suggest affinities between direction information and landmarks and between distance information and boundaries. They raise the possibility that, rather than collapsing across direction and distance error, theoretical analyses should distinguish the two kinds of error in assessing the reliability of landmarks and boundaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attention can be shifted with or without an accompanying saccade (i.e., overtly or covertly, respectively). Thus far, it is unknown how cognitively costly these shifts are, yet such quantification is necessary to understand how and when attention is deployed overtly or covertly. In our first experiment (N = 24 adults), we used pupillometry to show that shifting attention overtly is more costly than shifting attention covertly, likely because planning saccades is more complex. We pose that these differential costs will, in part, determine whether attention is shifted overtly or covertly in a given context. A subsequent experiment (N = 24 adults) showed that relatively complex oblique saccades are more costly than relatively simple saccades in horizontal or vertical directions. This provides a possible explanation for the cardinal-direction bias of saccades. The utility of a cost perspective as presented here is vital to furthering our understanding of the multitude of decisions involved in processing and interacting with the external world efficiently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peri-urban area around a city is a dynamic zone that undergoes considerable changes over time in terms of its functional land use. Analogous to other Indian cities, these changes are also evident in the peri-urban villages of Burdwan city, which has seen intense land use changes between 1987 and 2017. These changes are gauged by using LANDSAT-5 Thematic Mapper (TM) for 1987; LANDSAT-7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM +) for 2002 and LANDSAT 8 (OLI) for 2017. This study makes a unique contribution by combining the use of remote sensing and intensity analysis to evaluate changes in land use and land cover. The results showed that both the 1987–2002 and 2002–2017 time periods experience rapid change and the land use transformation has been accelerated over the whole period. The profound changes in the vegetation and water bodies are amplified by rampant reclamation for built up and commercial purposes. Results show that the proportion of vegetation and waterbodies decreased by 72.3% and 56.3%, respectively, whereas built-up area has increased by 182.8%. The research also revealed a built up pattern mostly towards the north-west, north, North-East and south-east direction. The current study attempts to analyse the variables causing land transformation and the many actors and their roles in driving these alterations. Finally, the extensive explanation and spatio-temporal differentiation maps and tables created with geospatial data will undoubtedly aid in understanding the peri-urban growth dynamics process and changing form of land-use land cover and aid the decision-making process of local planners, stakeholders, and academicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystal & Displays is the property of Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystal & Displays and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)