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171 results on '"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB)"'

1. Distributed Demand-Side Management in Smart Grid: how Imitation improves Power Scheduling

Author: Fabio Martignon, Stefano Paris, Antimo Barbato, Lin Chen, Antonio Capone, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LRI), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Graphes, Algorithmes et Combinatoire (LRI) (GALaC - LRI), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Laboratoire d'Informatique Paris Descartes (LIPADE - EA 2517), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria ( DEIB ), Politecnico di Milano [Milan], Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique ( LRI ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Graphes, Algorithmes et Combinatoire (LRI) ( GALaC - LRI ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Universitaire de France ( IUF ), Ministère de l'Éducation nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche ( M.E.N.E.S.R. ), Laboratoire d'Informatique Paris Descartes ( LIPADE - EA 2517 ), and Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 )
Subjects: Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Computer Networks and Communications, Schedule, Demand side, Settore ING-INF/03 - Telecomunicazioni, Computer science, [ INFO.INFO-NI ] Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Distributed computing, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Real-time computing, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Scheduling (computing), [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Smart grid, Peak demand, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
Abstract: International audience; Demand-Side Management (DSM) systems represent an efficient method to improve the performance of Smart Grid infrastructures by controlling users’ power loads. In this paper, we focus our analysis on fully distributed DSM systems especially designed to reduce the peak demand of groups of residential users. In our proposed scheme, each appliance decides autonomously its scheduling using only limited information on the energy price fixed by the retailer, thus greatly reducing the system complexity as well as the need of information exchanges. We develop two schedule-selection policies based on the Proportional Imitation Rule, where at each iteration all appliances switch to a new schedule with a probability proportional to the cost difference between the actual and cheapest schedules of the previous iteration. We analyze the proposed learning methods based on realistic instances in several use-case scenarios, and show their effectiveness in terms of cost reductions (both local and system-wide) as well as convergence speed to stable and efficient system equilibria.
Published: 2015

2. A Distributed Demand-Side Management Framework for the Smart Grid

Author: Lin Chen, Antimo Barbato, Antonio Capone, Fabio Martignon, Stefano Paris, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria ( DEIB ), Politecnico di Milano [Milan], Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique ( LRI ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Graphes, Algorithmes et Combinatoire (LRI) ( GALaC - LRI ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Universitaire de France ( IUF ), Ministère de l'Éducation nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche ( M.E.N.E.S.R. ), Laboratoire d'Informatique Paris Descartes ( LIPADE - EA 2517 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LRI), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Graphes, Algorithmes et Combinatoire (LRI) (GALaC - LRI), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Laboratoire d'Informatique Paris Descartes (LIPADE - EA 2517), and Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Mathematical optimization, Demand management system, Power scheduling, Load-shifting, Game theory, Potential games, Computer science, Computer Networks and Communications, 020209 energy, [ INFO.INFO-NI ] Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Real-time computing, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, Scheduling (computing), symbols.namesake, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Peak demand, Computer Science - Computer Science and Game Theory, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Settore ING-INF/03 - Telecomunicazioni, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Grid, Smart grid, Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, Nash equilibrium, Best response, Dynamic pricing, symbols, Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC), Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
Abstract: This paper proposes a fully distributed Demand-Side Management system for Smart Grid infrastructures, especially tailored to reduce the peak demand of residential users. In particular, we use a dynamic pricing strategy, where energy tariffs are function of the overall power demand of customers. We consider two practical cases: (1) a fully distributed approach, where each appliance decides autonomously its own scheduling, and (2) a hybrid approach, where each user must schedule all his appliances. We analyze numerically these two approaches, showing that they are characterized practically by the same performance level in all the considered grid scenarios. We model the proposed system using a non-cooperative game theoretical approach, and demonstrate that our game is a generalized ordinal potential one under general conditions. Furthermore, we propose a simple yet effective best response strategy that is proved to converge in a few steps to a pure Nash Equilibrium, thus demonstrating the robustness of the power scheduling plan obtained without any central coordination of the operator or the customers. Numerical results, obtained using real load profiles and appliance models, show that the system-wide peak absorption achieved in a completely distributed fashion can be reduced up to 55%, thus decreasing the capital expenditure (CAPEX) necessary to meet the growing energy demand.
Published: 2015

3. A Multi-Armed Bandit Formulation for Distributed Appliances Scheduling in Smart Grids

Author: Antimo Barbato, Fabio Martignon, Lin Chen, Stefano Paris, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LRI), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Graphes, Algorithmes et Combinatoire (LRI) (GALaC - LRI), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Laboratoire d'Informatique Paris Descartes (LIPADE - EA 2517), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria ( DEIB ), Politecnico di Milano [Milan], Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique ( LRI ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Graphes, Algorithmes et Combinatoire (LRI) ( GALaC - LRI ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Universitaire de France ( IUF ), Ministère de l'Éducation nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche ( M.E.N.E.S.R. ), Laboratoire d'Informatique Paris Descartes ( LIPADE - EA 2517 ), and Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 )
Subjects: Engineering, Speedup, Job shop scheduling, Settore ING-INF/03 - Telecomunicazioni, business.industry, [ INFO.INFO-NI ] Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], 020209 energy, Distributed computing, Decision theory, Real-time computing, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Multi-armed bandit, Optimal management, Scheduling (computing), [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Smart grid, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Algorithm design, business
Abstract: International audience; Game-theoretic Demand-Side Management (DSM) systems represent a promising solution to control the electrical appliances of residential consumers. Such frameworks allow indeed for the optimal management of loads without any centralized coordination since decisions are taken locally and directly by users. In this paper, we focus our analysis on a game-theoretic DSM framework designed to reduce the bill of a group of users. In order to converge to the equilibrium of the game, we adopt an efficient learning algorithm proposed in the literature, Exp3, along with two variants that we propose to speed up convergence. In defining these methods, we model the appliances scheduling problem as a Multi-Armed Bandit (MAB) problem, a classical formulation of decision theory. We analyze the proposed learning methods based on realistic instances in several use-case scenarios and show numerically their effectiveness in improving the performance of next generation smart grid systems.
Published: 2014

4. Multi-Scale model-based hierarchical control of freeway traffic via platoons of connected and automated vehicles

Author: Antonella Ferrara, Gian Paolo Incremona, Eugeniu Birliba, Paola Goatin, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale e dell’Informazione [Pavia, Italia] (DIII), Università degli Studi di Pavia = University of Pavia (UNIPV), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Analysis and Control of Unsteady Models for Engineering Sciences (ACUMES), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), and ANR-19-P3IA-0002,3IA@cote d'azur,3IA Côte d'Azur(2019)
Subjects: Electric vehicles, Sliding mode control, Traffic control, Mechanical Engineering, Automotive Engineering, Event-triggered control, Platoon control, Computer Science Applications, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, Optimal control
Abstract: International audience; In this paper a novel hierarchical multi-level control scheme is proposed for freeway traffic systems. Relying on a coupled PDE-ODE nominal model, capturing the interaction between the macroscopic traffic flow and a platoon of connected and automated electric vehicles (CAVs) which acts as a moving bottleneck, a high-level model predictive controller (MPC) is adopted to reduce traffic congestion and vehicle fuel consumption. This controller generates, only when necessary, i.e., according to an eventtriggered control logic, the most appropriate reference values for the platoon length and velocity. The platoon is in turn controlled, in an energy efficient way, by a distributed medium-level MPC, so as to track the reference speed values for its downstream and upstream end-points provided by the high-level MPC. The mismatch between the dynamics of the CAVs forming the platoon and their nominal dynamics is tackled via the design of local low-level robust integral sliding mode controllers, which have the capability of compensating for the mismatch. In the paper, the controlled platoon of CAVs is assumed to be immersed into a realistic traffic system with traffic demand not known in advance, which differs from the nominal prediction model used by the high-level MPC. INDEX TERMS Electric vehicles, event-triggered control, optimal control, platoon control, sliding mode control, traffic control.
Published: 2022

5. On a virtual network functions placement and routing problem: Some properties and a comparison of two formulations

Author: Bernardetta Addis, Meihui Gao, Giuliana Carello, OPTImisation Methods for Integrated SysTems (OPTIMIST), Department of Networks, Systems and Services (LORIA - NSS), Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), and Université de Lorraine (UL)
Subjects: 021103 operations research, Computer Networks and Communications, business.industry, Computer science, virtual network functions, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 020206 networking & telecommunications, [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], 02 engineering and technology, network routing, Hardware and Architecture, networks, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Network routing, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], ILP formulations, OR in telecommunications, Routing (electronic design automation), business, Virtual network, location, Software, Information Systems, Computer network
Abstract: International audience; The mass diffusion of internet applications, both from computers and mobiles, has yielded to an increasing demand for network services with which the expensive and not flexible hardware appliances cannot keep up. On the other hand, computational capability has become available on the network nodes connected with computing servers and the cloud. This has suggested the network functions virtualization paradigm: services are provided on a software basis thus giving a flexible and cost effective response to the request for services. The network functions virtualization proposes challenging optimization problems such as the virtual network functions (VNFs) chaining problem, where service instances must be located on some network nodes and each demand must be routed through the services it requires. Most of the literature is currently focused on heuristic solutions, rather than on studying the problem properties or comparing approaches. With the aim of investigating the problem properties and comparing existing formulations, both from the theoretical and the numerical points of view, we consider a single service VNFs chaining problem, with different link and service capacities and the objective of minimizing the number of installed VNF instances.
Published: 2019

6. TEXTAROSSA: Towards EXtreme scale Technologies and Accelerators for euROhpc hw/Sw Supercomputing Applications for exascale

Author: Ottorino Frezza, Olivier Beaumont, Simone Montangero, Francesco Simula, Marco Aldinucci, Francesca Lo Cicero, Tommaso Boccali, Raymond Namyst, Piero Vicini, Brice Goglin, Pasqua D'Ambra, Federico Terraneo, Davide Zoni, Massimo Bernaschi, Massimo Torquati, Alessandro Lonardo, Gianluca Mittone, Alberto Riccardo Martinelli, Andrea Galimberti, Roberto Esposito, Daniele Cattaneo, Paolo Cretaro, Massimo Celino, Carlos Alvarez, Pierluigi Paolucci, F. Iannone, Xavier Martorell, Iacopo Colonnelli, Federico Reghenzani, Bérenger Bramas, Giuseppe Massari, William Fornaciari, Antonio Filgueras, Giovanni Agosta, Yasir Arfat, Michal Kulczewski, Sergio Saponara, Andrea Biagioni, Matteo Turisini, Samuel Thibault, Roberto Ammendola, Giuseppe Zummo, Barbara Cantalupo, Francesco Giacomini, Ariel Oleksiak, Marco Danelutto, Miquel Vidal, Lionel Eyraud-Dubois, Paolo Palazzari, Carlo Brandolese, Abdou Guermouche, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Agenzia Nazionale per le nuove Tecnologie, l’energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile = Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo 'Mauro Picone' (IAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), High-End Parallel Algorithms for Challenging Numerical Simulations (HiePACS), Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique (LaBRI), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Compilation pour les Architectures MUlti-coeurS (CAMUS), Inria Nancy - Grand Est, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire des sciences de l'ingénieur, de l'informatique et de l'imagerie (ICube), École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Topology-Aware System-Scale Data Management for High-Performance Computing (TADAAM), Université de Bordeaux (UB), STatic Optimizations, Runtime Methods (STORM), Barcelona Supercomputing Center - Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion (BSC - CNS), Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center (PSNC), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare [Sezione di Roma 1] (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare [Pisa] (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova (INFN, Sezione di Padova), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata (INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata), This work is supported by the TEXTAROSSA project G.A. n° 956831, as part of the EuroHPC initiative., European Project: 956831,TEXTAROSSA(2021), Goglin, Brice, Towards EXtreme scale Technologies and Accelerators for euROhpc hw/Sw Supercomputing Applications for exascale - TEXTAROSSA - 2021-01-01 - 2024-01-01 - 956831 - VALID, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. CAP - Grup de Computació d'Altes Prestacions, and Laboratoire des sciences de l'ingénieur, de l'informatique et de l'imagerie (ICube)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], [INFO.INFO-AR] Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], European Projects, Power aware computing, Computer science, high Performance Computing, Exascale computing, European Projects, Thermal and power management, run-time management, Tools, Parallel Computing, Reconfigurable architectures, Exascale computing, Superordinadors -- Consum d'energia, run-time management, [INFO.INFO-DC] Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], high Performance Computing, Informàtica::Arquitectura de computadors [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Thermal and power management, European research, Computational modeling, Supercomputer, Software algorithms, Thermal control, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, High performance computing -- Energy consumption, Europe, Computer architecture, [INFO.INFO-OS] Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Extreme scale, HPC, Programming paradigm, Key (cryptography), [INFO.INFO-MO] Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], Digital systems, Programming parallel machines, Efficient energy use
Abstract: To achieve high performance and high energy efficiency on near-future exascale computing systems, three key technology gaps needs to be bridged. These gaps include: energy efficiency and thermal control; extreme computation efficiency via HW acceleration and new arithmetics; methods and tools for seamless integration of reconfigurable accelerators in heterogeneous HPC multi-node platforms. TEXTAROSSA aims at tackling this gap through a co-design approach to heterogeneous HPC solutions, supported by the integration and extension of HW and SW IPs, programming models and tools derived from European research. This work is supported by the TEXTAROSSA project G.A. n.956831, as part of the EuroHPC initiative. Peer Reviewed Article signat per 51 autors/es: Giovanni Agosta, Daniele Cattaneo, William Fornaciari, Andrea Galimberti, Giuseppe Massari, Federico Reghenzani, Federico Terraneo, Davide Zoni, Carlo Brandolese (DEIB – Politecnico di Milano, Italy, name.surname@polimi.it) | Massimo Celino, Francesco Iannone, Paolo Palazzari, Giuseppe Zummo (ENEA, Italy, name.surname@enea.it) | Massimo Bernaschi, Pasqua D’Ambra (Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo (IAC) - CNR, Italy, name.surname@cnr.it) | Sergio Saponara, Marco Danelutto, Massimo Torquati (University of Pisa, Italy, name.surname@unipi.it) | Marco Aldinucci, Yasir Arfat, Barbara Cantalupo, Iacopo Colonnelli, Roberto Esposito, Alberto R. Martinelli, Gianluca Mittone (University of Torino, Italy, name.surname@unito.it) | Olivier Beaumont, Berenger Bramas, Lionel Eyraud-Dubois, Brice Goglin, Abdou Guermouche, Raymond Namyst, Samuel Thibault (Inria - France, name.surname@inria.fr) | Antonio Filgueras, Miquel Vidal, Carlos Alvarez, Xavier Martorell (BSC - Spain, name.surname@bsc.es) | Ariel Oleksiak, Michal Kulczewski (PSNC, Poland, ariel@man.poznan.pl, kulka@man.poznan.pl) | Alessandro Lonardo, Piero Vicini, Francesca Lo Cicero, Francesco Simula, Andrea Biagioni, Paolo Cretaro, Ottorino Frezza, Pier Stanislao Paolucci, Matteo Turisini (INFN Sezione di Roma - Italy, name.surname@roma1.infn.it) | Francesco Giacomini (INFN CNAF - Italy, name.surname@cnaf.infn.it) | Tommaso Boccali (INFN Sezione di Pisa - Italy, name.surname@pi.infn.it) | Simone Montangero (University of Padova and INFN Sezione di Padova - Italy, name.surname@pd.infn.it) | Roberto Ammendola (INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata - Italy, name.surname@roma2.infn.it)
Published: 2021

7. Forest SAR Tomography: Principles and Applications

Author: Yue Huang, Vito Pascazio, Stefano Tebaldini, Gilda Schirinzi, Hossein Aghababaei, Mauro Mariotti d'Alessandro, Laurent Ferro-Famil, Giampaolo Ferraioli, Department of Earth Observation Science, UT-I-ITC-ACQUAL, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, Digital Society Institute, Universita degli studi di Napoli 'Parthenope' [Napoli], Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DEIB, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Dipartimento per le Tecnologie (DiT), Institut d'Electronique et de Télécommunications de Rennes (IETR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Supérieure d'Electricité - SUPELEC (FRANCE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), ANR-15-ASTR-0002,ALYS,Analyse de surfaces urbaines par tomographie SAR(2015), Università degli Studi di Napoli 'Parthenope' = University of Naples (PARTHENOPE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Supérieure d'Electricité - SUPELEC (FRANCE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, radar resolution, 0211 other engineering and technologies, forest TomoSAR, 02 engineering and technology, radar interferometry, 01 natural sciences, synthetic-aperture radar systems, multibaseline image acquisition, law.invention, forest SAR tomography, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, law, Forest structure, remote sensing by radar, Radar, Instrumentation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, under-foliage wave-penetration capability, Forestry, Vegetation, radar imaging, biomass levels, Image reconstruction, Three-dimensional displays, Tomography, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, forest structure, Synthetic aperture radar, productivity, Monitoring, General Computer Science, forested environments, Iterative reconstruction, Backscatter, SAR tomography processing technique, vegetation, Radar imaging, Image acquisition, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, large-scale coverage, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, 22/2 OA procedure, 3D forest structures, Two dimensional displays, 15. Life on land, geophysical image processing, ITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLE, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, monitoring vegetation
Abstract: Synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) systems are widely used for monitoring vegetation and forested environments. Those that offer large-scale coverage, short revisiting times, and an under-foliage wave-penetration capability have been broadly employed to extract information about the forest structure. Similarly, 3D forest structures that serve as important indicators of productivity and biomass levels can be efficiently estimated using the SAR tomography (TomoSAR) processing technique through multibaseline (MB) image acquisition. This article provides an overview of the main developments in forest TomoSAR during the past two decades.
Published: 2020

8. Extending full protection inside existing marine protected areas, or reducing fishing effort outside, can reconcile conservation and fisheries goals

Author: Marino Gatto, Josep Lloret, Antonio Di Franco, Lorenzo Mari, Charlotte Sève, Paolo Guidetti, Mokrane Belharet, Renato Casagrandi, Paco Melià, Antonio Calò, Joachim Claudet, Belharet M., Di Franco A., Calò A., Mari L., Claudet J., Casagrandi R., Gatto M., Lloret J., Seve C., Guidetti P., Melia P., Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Ecosystèmes Côtiers Marins et Réponses aux Stress (ECOMERS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Departamento Ecologia e Hidrologia, Universidad de Murcia, Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Department of environmental sciences, and Universitat de Girona (UdG)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Marine conservation, Stock assessment, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Fishing, Coastal fish, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Fishery, Mediterranean sea, Geography, AUT, Marine protected area, 14. Life underwater, Fisheries management, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, coastal fish, fisheries management, fishing effort regulation, marine conservation, marine protected areas, Mediterranean Sea, metapopulation models
Abstract: Most fish stocks world-wide are fished at maximum sustainable yield (MSY) or overfished, as many fisheries management strategies have failed to achieve sustainable fishing. Identifying effective fisheries management strategies has now become urgent. Here, we developed a spatially explicit metapopulation model accounting for population connectivity in the north-western Mediterranean Sea, and parameterized it for three ecologically and economically important coastal fish species: the white seabream Diplodus sargus, the two-banded seabream Diplodus vulgaris and the dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus. We used the model to assess how stock biomass and catches respond to changes in fishing mortality rate (F) and in the size of fully protected areas within the existing system of multiple-use marine protected areas (MPAs). For each species, we estimated MSY and the corresponding values of stock biomass (BMSY) and fishing mortality rate (FMSY), providing crucial reference points for the assessment of fisheries management. Diplodus sargus is currently in low overfishing, while D. vulgaris and E. marginatus are in high overfishing. Stock recovery to BMSY for the last two species requires a reduction of current F around 50%. This would guarantee an increase in both stock biomass (around 50% and 75% for D. vulgaris and E. marginatus respectively) and catch (around 15% and 30%) after a transient time of ~15–30years. Alternatively, doubling the size of fully protected areas over fishable areas within the existing network of MPAs would lead to positive conservation effects for all three species without substantially affecting the overall productivity of the fishery and the total economic value of the catch. Synthesis and applications. We provide the first assessment of stock status for three coastal species in the north-western Mediterranean and evaluate the ecological and fisheries outcomes of different management strategies. Extending full protection inside existing multiple-use marine protected areas or reducing fishing effort outside can deliver both conservation and fisheries benefits.
Published: 2020

9. Sensitivity analysis of ventricular activation and electrocardiogram in tailored models of heart-failure patients

Author: Angelo Auricchio, Frits W. Prinzen, Enrico G. Caiani, Francesco Maffessanti, Rolf Krause, Gabriele D'Ambrosio, Carlos Sánchez, Mark Potse, University of Zurich, Sánchez, C, Center for Computational Medicine in Cardiology [Lugano], Università della Svizzera italiana = University of Italian Switzerland (USI), Cardiocentro Ticino [Lugano], Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Maastricht University [Maastricht], Faculty of Informatics [Lugano], IHU-LIRYC, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Modélisation et calculs pour l'électrophysiologie cardiaque (CARMEN), Institut de Mathématiques de Bordeaux (IMB), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-IHU-LIRYC, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Swiss National Supercomputing Centre (CSCS) project ID s598, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Fysiologie, RS: CARIM - R2.08 - Electro mechanics, and Biomedische Technologie
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_treatment, 02 engineering and technology, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Electrocardiography, 0302 clinical medicine, MAGNETIC-RESONANCE, Computer simulation, ECG morphology, Heart failure, Left bundle branch block, Patient-specific model, Sensitivity analysis, Biomedical Engineering, Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, medicine.diagnostic_test, Models, Cardiovascular, Middle Aged, Computer Science Applications, VARIABILITY, Ventricular activation, Cardiology, MESH: Mathematical Computation, Female, CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY, RHYTHM, ARRHYTHMOGENESIS, BUNDLE-BRANCH BLOCK, medicine.medical_specialty, Heart Ventricles, 0206 medical engineering, Cardiac resynchronization therapy, 2204 Biomedical Engineering, 610 Medicine & health, 11171 Cardiocentro Ticino, CELLULAR ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY, 03 medical and health sciences, QRS complex, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Internal medicine, medicine, 1706 Computer Science Applications, Humans, Sensitivity (control systems), MESH: Cardiac electrophysiology, Aged, Demography, Bundle branch block, business.industry, CONDUCTION DEFECTS, Magnetic resonance imaging, medicine.disease, 020601 biomedical engineering, TISSUE, MESH: Heart Failure, PATTERNS, business, Biomedical engineering
Abstract: International audience; Cardiac resynchronization therapy is not effective in a variable proportion of heart failure patients. An accurate knowledge of each patient's electroanatomical features could be helpful to determine the most appropriate treatment. The goal of this study was to analyze and quantify the sensitivity of left ventricular (LV) activation and the electrocardiogram (ECG) to changes in 39 parameters used to tune realistic anatomical-electrophysiological models of the heart. Electrical activity in the ventricles was simulated using a reaction-diffusion equation. To simulate cellular electrophysiology, the Ten Tusscher-Panfilov 2006 model was used. Intracardiac electrograms and 12-lead ECGs were computed by solving the bidomain equation. Parameters showing the highest sensitivity values were similar in the six patients studied. QRS complex and LV activation times were modulated by the sodium current, the cell surface-to-volume ratio in the LV, and tissue conductivities. The T-wavewas modulated by the calcium and rectifier-potassium currents, and the cell surface-to-volume ratio in both ventricles. We conclude that homogeneous changes in ionic currents entail similar effects in all ECG leads, whereas the effects of changes in tissue properties show larger inter-lead variability. The effects of parameter variations are highly consistent between patients and most of the model tuning could be performed with only ~10 parameters.
Published: 2018

10. Work-in-Progress: Why Statistical Power matters for Probabilistic Real-Time

Author: Reghenzani, F., Santinelli, L., Fornaciari, W., Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), ONERA / DTIS, Université de Toulouse [Toulouse], and ONERA-PRES Université de Toulouse
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Probabilistic real-time, pWCET, Embedded Systems, PROBABILISTIC-WCET DISTRIBUTION, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], pWCET, STATISTICAL POWER, Probabilistic real-time, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [MATH]Mathematics [math], Embedded Systems
Abstract: International audience; The probabilistic approaches for real-time systems are based on the estimation of the probabilistic-WCET distribution. Such estimation is naturally subject to errors, caused by both systematic and estimation uncertainties. To solve this problem, statistical tests are applied on the resulting distribution to check whether such errors affect or not the output validity. In this paper, we show that the reliability of these tests depends on the statistical power that must be estimated in order to select the proper sample size. This a priori analysis is required to obtain a reliable result of the probabilistic-WCET.
Published: 2019

11. Solutions for Spaceborne 3-D Characterisation of Forests using Spaceborne SAR Sensors

Author: Ferro-Famil, Laurent, Huang, Yue, Tebaldini, S., Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019

12. Statistical power estimation dataset for external validation GoF tests on EVT distribution

Author: Federico Reghenzani, Luca Santinelli, Giuseppe Massari, William Fornaciari, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), ONERA / DTIS, Université de Toulouse [Toulouse], and ONERA-PRES Université de Toulouse
Subjects: extreme value theory, Computer science, Monte Carlo method, lcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, computer.software_genre, Statistical power, 03 medical and health sciences, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0302 clinical medicine, lcsh:Science (General), Extreme value theory, Selection (genetic algorithm), statistical power, 030304 developmental biology, Estimation, [PHYS]Physics [physics], 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, External validation, probabilistic real-time, Distribution (mathematics), Sample size determination, statistical power, extreme value theory, probabilistic real-time, lcsh:R858-859.7, Data mining, computer, Mathematics, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, lcsh:Q1-390
Abstract: International audience; This paper presents the statistical power estimation of goodness-of-fit tests for Extreme Value Theory (EVT) distributions. The presented dataset provides quantitative information on the statistical power, in order to enable the sample size selection in external validation scenario. In particular, high precision estimations of the statistical power of KS, AD, and MAD goodness-of-fit tests have been computed using a Monte Carlo approach. The full raw dataset resulting from this analysis has been published as reference for future studies: https://doi.org/10.17632/hh2byrbbmf. 1.
Published: 2019

13. Adaptive Optimization and Enforcement of Extra-Functional Properties in High Performance Computing: The ANTAREX Project

Author: Silvano, Cristina, Agosta, Giovanni, Bartolini, Andrea, Beccari, Andrea, Benini, Luca, Besnard, Loïc, Bispo, João, Cmar, Radim, Cardoso, João, Cavazzoni, Carlo, Cesarini, Daniele, Cherubin, Stefano, Ficarelli, Federico, Gadioli, Davide, Golasowski, Martin, Lasri, Imane, Libri, Antonio, Martinovič, Jan, Palermo, Gianluca, Pinto, Pedro, Rohou, Erven, Sanna, Nico, Slaninová, Kateřina, Vitali, Emanuele, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Dompé S.p.A. [Milano], Department of Computer Science [ETH Zürich] (D-INFK), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Service Expérimentation et Développement (SED [Rennes]), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Sygic companies [El Segundo], CINECA [Bologna], Technical University of Ostrava [Ostrava] (VSB), Pushing Architecture and Compilation for Application Performance (PACAP), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-ARCHITECTURE (IRISA-D3), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Department of Electronics, Information, and Bioengineering [Milano] (DEIB), European Project: 671623,H2020 Pilier Excellent Science,H2020-FETHPC-2014,ANTAREX(2015), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), and Universidade do Porto
Subjects: DSL, Adaptivity, Energy Efficiency, Compilers, [INFO.INFO-OH]Computer Science [cs]/Other [cs.OH], High Performance Computing, Autotuning
Abstract: International audience; The ANTAREX project developed an approach to the performance tuning of High Performance applications based on a Aspect-oriented Domain Specific Language (DSL), with the goal to simplify the enforcement of extra functional properties in large scale applications. The project aims at demonstrating its tools and techniques on two relevant use cases, one in the domain of computational drug discovery, the other in the domain of online vehicle navigation. In this paper, we present an overview of the project and its main achievements, as well as of the large scale experiments that have been planned to validate the approach.
Published: 2019

14. Are Action Sport Cameras Accurate Enough for 3D Motion Analysis? A Comparison With a Commercial Motion Capture System

Author: Gustavo Ramos Dalla Bernardina, Tony Monnet, Ricardo Machado Leite de Barros, Pietro Cerveri, Amanda Piaia Silvatti, Heber T. Pinto, Robotique, Biomécanique, Sport, Santé (RoBioSS), Département Génie Mécanique et Systèmes Complexes (GMSC), Institut Pprime (PPRIME), Université de Poitiers-ENSMA-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-ENSMA-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pprime (PPRIME), Université de Poitiers-ENSMA-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-ENSMA-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), and Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI)
Subjects: Accuracy and precision, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, [PHYS.MPHY]Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph], Biophysics, Motion capture, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Gait (human), [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], Position (vector), Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Computer vision, [PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph], [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], Mathematics, [SPI.ACOU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], [PHYS.MECA.VIBR]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Vibrations [physics.class-ph], 3d motion analysis, business.industry, [SPI.FLUID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, Rehabilitation, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, 030229 sport sciences, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [PHYS.MECA.MSMECA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Materials and structures in mechanics [physics.class-ph], Action (physics), [PHYS.MECA.ACOU]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, Jump, [PHYS.MECA.THER]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Thermics [physics.class-ph], Artificial intelligence, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; The aim of this study was to assess the precision and accuracy of an action sport camera (ASC) system (4 GoPro Hero3+ Black) by comparison with a commercial motion capture (MOCAP) system (4 ViconMX40). Both systems were calibrated using the MOCAP protocol and the 3-dimensional (3D) markers coordinates of a T-shaped tool were reconstructed, concurrently. The 3D precision was evaluated by the differences in the reconstructed position using a Bland–Altman test, while accuracy was assessed by a rigid bar test (Wilcoxon rank sum). To examine the accuracy of the action sport camera with respect to the knee flexion angles, a jump and gait task were also examined using 1 subject (Wilcoxon rank sum). The ASC system provided a maximum error of 2.47 mm, about 10 times higher than the MOCAP (0.21 mm). The reconstructed knee flexion angles were highly correlated (r2 > .99) and showed no significant differences between systems ( .05). As expected, the MOCAP obtained better 3D precision and accuracy. However, the authors show such differences have little practical effect on reconstructed 3D kinematics.
Published: 2019

15. A demographic model for the conservation and management of the European eel: an application to a Mediterranean coastal lagoon

Author: Marino Gatto, Daniele Bevacqua, Alain J. Crivelli, Giulio A. De Leo, Marcello Schiavina, Paco Melià, Unité de recherche Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles (PSH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Institut de recherche de la Tour du Valat, Department of Biology [Pacific Grove, CA, USA] (Hopkins Marine Station), Stanford University [Stanford], and Stanford University
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, plasticity in vital traits, Aquatic Science, Biology, Oceanography, Body weight, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Aquatic organisms, life history variation, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, AUT, stochastic demographic models, 14. Life underwater, stock assessment, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, fish population dynamics, Ecology, Anguilla anguilla, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Crop yield, Aquatic animal, Sexual dimorphism, European eel, density dependence, size-dependent demography, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Demographic model, Sex ratio
Abstract: International audience; We present a general size and age-structured demographic model of the continental phase of catadromous eels' life cycle, allowing for the incorporation of (i) fluctuations of juvenile recruitment, (ii) density-dependent settlement and sex determination, (iii) plastic body growth and sexual dimorphism, and (iv) vital rates driven by body size rather than age. The model can be used to assess (i) standing stock, (ii) fishing yield, and (iii) spawner production under different recruitment and management scenarios. We demonstrate the model by applying it to a European eel stock (Camargue lagoons, southern France) that was continuously monitored for 17 years (1993-2009). Results indicate that the upper limit to settlement in the Camargue water system is ~419 eels ha ─1 per year. A balanced sex ratio occurs for a settlement of ~94 eels ha ─1 , shifting towards males at higher densities. Catchability is higher in adult silver eels than in sub-adult yellow eels, possibly due to behavioural differences. Estimated standing stock ranged between 7 and 19 kg ha ─1. Fishing yield was 5-7 kg ha ─1 per year, while spawner escapement ranged between 0 and 13 kg ha ─1 per year (
Published: 2019

16. Mixed Criticality Scheduling of Probabilistic Real-Time Systems

Author: Jasdeep Singh, Zhishan Guo, Luca Santinelli, David Doose, Federico Reghenzani, Konstantinos Bletsas, ONERA / DTIS, Université de Toulouse [Toulouse], ONERA-PRES Université de Toulouse, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), CISTER Research Centre, Department of Electrical Engineering [Polytechnic Institute of Porto] (ISEP/IPP), Polytechnic Institute of Porto, and University of Central Florida [Orlando] (UCF)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Mixed criticality, Mathematical optimization, Computer science, Probabilistic logic, Response time, 020207 software engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Mixed criticality scheduling, Execution time, 020202 computer hardware & architecture, Scheduling (computing), [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Test case, Criticality, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [MATH]Mathematics [math]
Abstract: International audience; In this paper we approach the problem of Mixed Criticality (MC) for probabilistic real-time systems where tasks execution times are described with probabilistic distributions. In our analysis, the task enters high criticality mode if its response time exceeds a certain threshold, which is a slight deviation from a more classical approach in MC. We do this to obtain an application oriented MC system in which criticality mode changes depend on actual scheduled execution. This is in contrast to classical approaches which use task execution time to make criticality mode decisions, because execution time is not affected by scheduling while the response time is. We use a graph-based approach to seek for an optimal MC schedule by exploring every possible MC schedule the task set can have. The schedule we obtain minimizes the probability of the system entering high criticality mode. In turn, this aims at maximizing the resource efficiency by the means of scheduling without compromising the execution of the high criticality tasks and minimizing the loss of lower criticality functionality. The proposed approach is applied to test cases for validation purposes.
Published: 2019

17. Energy-aware survivable networks

Author: Giuliana Carello, Sara Mattia, Bernardetta Addis, OPTImisation Methods for Integrated SysTems (OPTIMIST), Department of Networks, Systems and Services (LORIA - NSS), Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Istituto di Analisi dei Sistemi ed Informatica 'Antonio Ruberti' (IASI), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione (DEI), and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: Shared protection, 021103 operations research, business.industry, Computer science, Applied Mathematics, Distributed computing, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 020206 networking & telecommunications, [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], 02 engineering and technology, Energy consumption, Network management, Branch-and-cut, Path (graph theory), Energy aware networking, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], business, Branch and cut, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: International audience; We consider an energy-aware network management problem with shared protection. Energy consumption is due to the devices that are active in the nominal scenario. We propose a complete formulation and a projected one (which uses only primary path variables) and we compare their computational performances.
Published: 2016

18. Wytyczne ESC/ESH dotyczące postępowania w nadciśnieniu tętniczym (2018)

Author: Williams, Bryan, Mancia, Giuseppe, Spiering, Wilko, Agabiti Rosei, Enrico, Azizi, Michel, Burnier, Michel, Clement, Denis L, Coca, Antonio, de Simone, Giovanni, Dominiczak, Anna, Kahan, Thomas, Mahfoud, Felix, Redon, Josep, Ruilope, Luis, Zanchetti, Alberto, Kerins, Mary, Kjeldsen, Sverre E, Kreutz, Reinhold, Laurent, Stephane, Lip, Gregory Y H, McManus, Richard, Narkiewicz, Krzysztof, Ruschitzka, Frank, Schmieder, Roland E, Shlyakhto, Evgeny, Tsioufis, Costas, Aboyans, Victor, Desormais, Ileana, De Backer, Guy, Heagerty, Anthony M, Agewall, Stefan, Bochud, Murielle, Borghi, Claudio, Boutouyrie, Pierre, Brguljan, Jana, Bueno, Héctor, Caiani, Enrico G, Carlberg, Bo, Chapman, Neil, Cífková, Renata, Cleland, John G F, Collet, Jean-Philippe, Coman, Ioan Mircea, de Leeuw, Peter W, Delgado, Victoria, Dendale, Paul, Diener, Hans-Christoph, Dorobantu, Maria, Fagard, Robert, Farsang, Csaba, Ferrini, Marc, Graham, Ian M, Grassi, Guido, Haller, Hermann, Hobbs, F D Richard, Jelakovic, Bojan, Jennings, Catriona, Katus, Hugo A, Kroon, Abraham A, Leclercq, Christophe, Lovic, Dragan, Lurbe, Empar, Manolis, Athanasios J, McDonagh, Theresa A, Messerli, Franz, Muiesan, Maria Lorenza, Nixdorff, Uwe, Olsen, Michael Hecht, Parati, Gianfranco, Perk, Joep, Piepoli, Massimo Francesco, Polonia, Jorge, Ponikowski, Piotr, Richter, Dimitrios J, Rimoldi, Stefano F, Roffi, Marco, Sattar, Naveed, Seferovic, Petar M, Simpson, Iain A, Sousa-Uva, Miguel, Stanton, Alice V, van de Borne, Philippe, Vardas, Panos, Volpe, Massimo, Wassmann, Sven, Windecker, Stephan, Zamorano, Jose Luis, Barbato, Emanuele, Dean, Veronica, Fitzsimons, Donna, Gaemperli, Oliver, Hindricks, Gerhard, Iung, Bernard, Jüni, Peter, Knuuti, Juhani, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Rosei, Enrico Agabiti, Januszewics, Andrzej, Manolis, Athanasios, Benkhedda, Salim, Zelveian, Parounak, Siostrzonek, Peter, Najafov, Ruslan, Pavlova, Olga, De Pauw, Michel, Dizdarevic-Hudic, Larisa, Raev, Dimitar, Karpettas, Nikos, Linhart, Aleš, Shaker, Amin Fouad, Viigimaa, Margus, Metsärinne, Kaj, Vavlukis, Marija, Halimi, Jean-Michel, Pagava, Zurab, Schunkert, Heribert, Thomopoulos, Costas, Páll, Dénes, Andersen, Karl, Shechter, Michael, Mercuro, Giuseppe, Bajraktari, Gani, Romanova, Tatiana, Trušinskis, Kārlis, Saade, Georges A, Sakalyte, Gintare, Noppe, Stéphanie, DeMarco, Daniela Cassar, Caraus, Alexandru, Wittekoek, Janneke, Aksnes, Tonje Amb, Jankowski, Piotr, Vinereanu, Dragos, Baranova, Elena I, Foscoli, Marina, Dikic, Ana Djordjevic, Filipova, Slavomira, Fras, Zlatko, Bertomeu-Martínez, Vicente, Burkard, Thilo, Sdiri, Wissem, Aydogdu, Sinan, Sirenko, Yuriy, Brady, Adrian, Weber, Thomas, Lazareva, Irina, Backer, Tine De, Sokolovic, Sekib, Widimsky, Jiri, Pörsti, Ilkka, Denolle, Thierry, Krämer, Bernhard K, Stergiou, George S, Miglinas, Marius, Gerdts, Eva, Tykarski, Andrzej, de Carvalho Rodrigues, Manuel, Chazova, Irina, Segura, Julian, Gottsäter, Anders, Pechère-Bertschi, Antoinette, Erdine, Serap, Williams, Bryan, Mancia, Giuseppe, Spiering, Wilko, Rosei, Enrico Agabiti, Azizi, Michel, Burnier, Michel, Clement, Denis L., Coca, Antonio, De Simone, Giovanni, Dominiczak, Anna, Kahan, Thoma, Mahfoud, Felix, Redon, Josep, Ruilope, Lui, Zanchetti, Alberto, Kerins, Mary, Kjeldsen, Sverre E., Kreutz, Reinhold, Laurent, Stephane, Lip, Gregory Y. H., Mcmanus, Richard, Narkiewicz, Krzysztof, Ruschitzka, Frank, Schmieder, Roland E., Shlyakhto, Evgeny, Tsioufis, Costa, Aboyans, Victor, Desormais, Ileana, De Backer, Guy, Heagerty, Anthony M., Agewall, Stefan, Bochud, Murielle, Borghi, Claudio, Boutouyrie, Pierre, Brguljan, Jana, Bueno, Héctor, Caiani, Enrico G., Carlberg, Bo, Chapman, Neil, Cífková, Renata, Cleland, John G. F., Collet, Jean-Philippe, Coman, Ioan Mircea, De Leeuw, Peter W., Delgado, Victoria, Dendale, Paul, Diener, Hans-Christoph, Dorobantu, Maria, Fagard, Robert, Farsang, Csaba, Ferrini, Marc, Graham, Ian M., Grassi, Guido, Haller, Hermann, Hobbs, F. D. Richard, Jelakovic, Bojan, Jennings, Catriona, Katus, Hugo A., Kroon, Abraham A., Leclercq, Christophe, Lovic, Dragan, Lurbe, Empar, Manolis, Athanasios J., Mcdonagh, Theresa A., Messerli, Franz, Muiesan, Maria Lorenza, Nixdorff, Uwe, Olsen, Michael Hecht, Parati, Gianfranco, Perk, Joep, Piepoli, Massimo Francesco, Polonia, Jorge, Ponikowski, Piotr, Richter, Dimitrios J., Rimoldi, Stefano F., Roffi, Marco, Sattar, Naveed, Seferovic, Petar M., Simpson, Iain A., Sousa-Uva, Miguel, Stanton, Alice V., Van De Borne, Philippe, Vardas, Pano, Volpe, Massimo, Wassmann, Sven, Windecker, Stephan, Zamorano, Jose Luis, University College of London [London] (UCL), University College London Hospitals (UCLH), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), CIC - HEGP (CIC 1418), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Institut de Mathématiques de Marseille (I2M), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Danderyds sjukhus = Danderyd University Hospital, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Universitat de València (UV), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Oslo University Hospital [Oslo], Clinical Pharmacology, Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC (UMR_S 970/ U970)), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), University of Liverpool, Aalborg University [Denmark] (AAU), Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, University of Oxford, Medical University of Gdańsk, University Heart Centre Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Med Klinik IV, Univ.-Klinik Erlangen-Nürnberg, Almazov National Medical Research Centre (St. Petersburg), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale (NET), CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Service de cardiologie [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Service de Chirurgie Thoracique et Vasculaire - Médecine vasculaire [CHU Limoges], Agabiti Rosei, Enrico, Clement, Denis L, de Simone, Giovanni, Kjeldsen, Sverre E, Lip, Gregory Y H, McManus, Richard, Schmieder, Roland E, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Chercheur indépendant, Department of Cardiology, Birmingham City Hospital, Department of Public Health, University of Gent, Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC - UMR-S U970), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Hasselt University (UHasselt), Universität Duisburg-Essen [Essen], Australian Museum, Australian Museum [Sydney], Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Hanover Medical School, Department of Earth Science, Durham University, School of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University, Department of Pathological Biochemistry, Royal Infirmary, Karolinska Institute, karolinska institute, 'Federico II' University of Naples Medical School, Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón' [Madrid], Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU de Montpellier, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), St. Michael's Hospital, Heidelberg University Hospital [Heidelberg], Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA-Research), Université de Liège, Wroclaw Medical University, Servicio de Pediatría, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne university hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Aging and Clinical Nephrology, Food Science and Technology, Université Francois Rabelais [Tours], Medizinische Klinik II, Universität zu Lübeck [Lübeck], Warsaw University of Technology [Warsaw], Cardiology, University and Emergency Hospital, IRCELYON-Catalytic and Atmospheric Reactivity for the Environment (CARE), Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon (IRCELYON), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Sheffield [Sheffield], Faculty of metals engineering and industrial computer science, Centre of Cardiology, North Estonia Medical Centre, Medical School, University of Tampere [Finland], Service de cardiologie et maladies vasculaires [Rennes] = Cardiac, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery [Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, University of Zurich, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin / Charite - University Medicine Berlin, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hasselt University, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Aging and Clinical Nephrology, Universität zu Lübeck [Lübeck] - University of Lübeck [Lübeck], IRCELYON-Caractérisation et remédiation des polluants dans l'air et l'eau (CARE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de cardiologie et maladies vasculaires [CHU de Rennes], Diener, Hans Christoph (Beitragende*r), Williams, B, Mancia, G, Spiering, W, Agabiti Rosei, E, Azizi, M, Burnier, M, Clement, D, Coca, A, de Simone, G, Dominiczak, A, Kahan, T, Mahfoud, F, Redon, J, Ruilope, L, Zanchetti, A, Kerins, M, Kjeldsen, S, Kreutz, R, Laurent, S, Lip, G, Mcmanus, R, Narkiewicz, K, Ruschitzka, F, Schmieder, R, Shlyakhto, E, Tsioufis, C, Aboyans, V, Desormais, I, and Grassi, G
Subjects: Male, Lifestyle intervention, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Medizin, Secondary hypertension, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Guideline, Hypertension-mediated organ damage, Blood pressure treatment thresholds and targets, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Disease management (health), 610 Medicine & health, Lifestyle interventions, Societies, Medical, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Disease Management, Blood pressure, Blood pressure measurement, Combination therapy, Device therapy, Drug therapy, Guidelines, Hypertension, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Europe, Arterial hypertension, blood pressure control, guidelines, 10209 Clinic for Cardiology, Female, medicine.medical_specialty, Blood pressure treatment thresholds and target, MEDLINE, Cardiology, 2705 Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Pharmacotherapy, Blood pressure treatmentthresholds and targets, Journal Article, Humans, Hypertension diagnosis, Intensive care medicine, Antihypertensive Agents, business.industry, medicine.disease, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business
Abstract: International audience; : Document reviewers: Guy De Backer (ESC Review Co-ordinator) (Belgium), Anthony M. Heagerty (ESH Review Co-ordinator) (UK), Stefan Agewall (Norway), Murielle Bochud (Switzerland), Claudio Borghi (Italy), Pierre Boutouyrie (France), Jana Brguljan (Slovenia), Héctor Bueno (Spain), Enrico G. Caiani (Italy), Bo Carlberg (Sweden), Neil Chapman (UK), Renata Cifkova (Czech Republic), John G. F. Cleland (UK), Jean-Philippe Collet (France), Ioan Mircea Coman (Romania), Peter W. de Leeuw (The Netherlands), Victoria Delgado (The Netherlands), Paul Dendale (Belgium), Hans-Christoph Diener (Germany), Maria Dorobantu (Romania), Robert Fagard (Belgium), Csaba Farsang (Hungary), Marc Ferrini (France), Ian M. Graham (Ireland), Guido Grassi (Italy), Hermann Haller (Germany), F. D. Richard Hobbs (UK), Bojan Jelakovic (Croatia), Catriona Jennings (UK), Hugo A. Katus (Germany), Abraham A. Kroon (The Netherlands), Christophe Leclercq (France), Dragan Lovic (Serbia), Empar Lurbe (Spain), Athanasios J. Manolis (Greece), Theresa A. McDonagh (UK), Franz Messerli (Switzerland), Maria Lorenza Muiesan (Italy), Uwe Nixdorff (Germany), Michael Hecht Olsen (Denmark), Gianfranco Parati (Italy), Joep Perk (Sweden), Massimo Francesco Piepoli (Italy), Jorge Polonia (Portugal), Piotr Ponikowski (Poland), Dimitrios J. Richter (Greece), Stefano F. Rimoldi (Switzerland), Marco Roffi (Switzerland), Naveed Sattar (UK), Petar M. Seferovic (Serbia), Iain A. Simpson (UK), Miguel Sousa-Uva (Portugal), Alice V. Stanton (Ireland), Philippe van de Borne (Belgium), Panos Vardas (Greece), Massimo Volpe (Italy), Sven Wassmann (Germany), Stephan Windecker (Switzerland), Jose Luis Zamorano (Spain).The disclosure forms of all experts involved in the development of these Guidelines are available on the ESC website www.escardio.org/guidelines.
Published: 2018

19. ANTAREX: A DSL-based Approach to Adaptively Optimizing and Enforcing Extra-Functional Properties in High Performance Computing

Author: Luca Benini, João Bispo, Emanuele Vitali, Giovanni Agosta, Erven Rohou, Martin Golasowski, Jan Martinovič, João M. P. Cardoso, Gianluca Palermo, Loïc Besnard, Stefano Cherubin, Davide Gadioli, Andrea Bartolini, Imane Lasri, Andrea R. Beccari, Cristina Silvano, Katerina Slaninova, Radim Cmar, Pedro Pinto, Carlo Cavazzoni, Nico Sanna, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Department of Computer Science [ETH Zürich] (D-INFK), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Dompé S.p.A. [Milano], Service Expérimentation et Développement (SED [Rennes]), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Universidade do Porto, Sygic companies [El Segundo], CINECA [Bologna], IT4Innovations - National Supercomputing Center [Ostrava], Technical University of Ostrava [Ostrava] (VSB), Pushing Architecture and Compilation for Application Performance (PACAP), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-ARCHITECTURE (IRISA-D3), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Department of Electronics, Information, and Bioengineering [Milano] (DEIB), European Project: 671623,H2020 Pilier Excellent Science,H2020-FETHPC-2014,ANTAREX(2015), Silvano, Cristina, Agosta, Giovanni, Bartolini, Andrea, Beccari, Andrea R., Benini, Luca, Besnard, Loic, Bispo, Joao, Cmar, Radim, Cardoso, Joao M. P., Cavazzoni, Carlo, Cherubin, Stefano, Gadioli, Davide, Golasowski, Martin, Lasri, Imane, Martinovic, Jan, Palermo, Gianluca, Pinto, Pedro, Rohou, Erven, Sanna, Nico, Slaninova, Katerina, Vitali, Emanuele, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), and Universidade do Porto = University of Porto
Subjects: Power management, Computer science, Energy Efficiency, Aspect-oriented programming, Distributed computing, [INFO.INFO-OH]Computer Science [cs]/Other [cs.OH], Compiler, High Performance Computing, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, DSL, Resource (project management), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Autotuning, Use case, Quality of service, 020207 software engineering, 020202 computer hardware & architecture, Adaptivity, Digital subscriber line, Hardware and Architecture, Compilers, Software_PROGRAMMINGLANGUAGES, computer
Abstract: International audience; The ANTAREX project relies on a Domain Specific Language (DSL) based on Aspect Oriented Programming (AOP) concepts to allow applications to enforce extra functional properties such as energy-efficiency and performance and to optimize Quality of Service (QoS) in an adaptive way. The DSL approach allows the definition of energy-efficiency, performance, and adaptivity strategies as well as their enforcement at runtime through application autotuning and resource and power management. In this paper, we present an overview of the ANTAREX DSL and some of its capabilities through a number of examples, including how the DSL is applied in the context of one of the project use cases.
Published: 2018

20. On the complexity of a Virtual Network Function Placement and Routing problem

Author: Giuliana Carello, Meihui Gao, Bernardetta Addis, OPTImisation Methods for Integrated SysTems (OPTIMIST), Department of Networks, Systems and Services (LORIA - NSS), Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), and Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI)
Subjects: 020203 distributed computing, business.industry, Applied Mathematics, placement and routing, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], Network topology, Firewall (construction), Virtual Network Functions, Software, complexity, Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], business, Mobile device, Virtual network, Problem complexity, Mathematics, Computer network
Abstract: International audience; The demand for network services, such as proxy or firewall, is ever increasing due to the massive diffusion of applications, both on computers and mobile devices. Virtual Network Functions allow to instantiate network services on clouds in a software based manner, thus allowing to dynamically provide services at a reasonable cost. In this work we consider the problem of placing Virtual Network Function instances (services) and routing the demands so as to guarantee that demands can reach the requested services. We discuss the complexity of a particular version of the Virtual Network Function placement and routing problem and the impact of the network topology on the problem complexity.
Published: 2018

21. Afrisar-Tropisar: Forest Biomass Retrieval by P-Band Sar Tomography

Author: D. Ho Tong Minh, T. Le Toan, Klaus Scipal, Mauro Mariotti d'Alessandro, Laurent Ferro-Famil, C. Albinetv, Yen-Nhi Ngo, Stefano Tebaldini, Ibrahim El Moussawi, Ludovic Villard, Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), DEIB, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, Institute of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Synthetic aperture radar, BIOMASS MISSION, Biomass (ecology), Backscatter, 0211 other engineering and technologies, TROPISAR, 02 engineering and technology, GABON, 15. Life on land, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Above ground, 13. Climate action, TOMOGRAPHY, GUYANE FRANCAISE, Environmental science, Tomography, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Volume scattering, AFRISAR, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, Remote sensing
Abstract: [Departement_IRSTEA]Territoires [TR1_IRSTEA]SYNERGIE [Axe_IRSTEA]TETIS-ATTOS [ADD1_IRSTEA]Dynamiques spatiales d'anthropisation; International audience; The objective of this paper is to provide a better understanding of tomographic capabilities to estimate above ground biomass (AGB) in dense forested areas at P-band. The analysis is carried out on airborne data acquired over sites in French Guyana and in Gabon during the ESA campaigns TropiSAR and AfriSAR 2015, respectively. Over both sites, P-band tomography allows us to retrieve the vertical structure of the forest, to better characterize the ground and/or volume scattering mechanisms and to provide a unique solution for the AGB retrieval over the full range of biomass. The relationship between AGB and tomography data was found to be highly similar for forests across continents and sites: Para-cou (French Guiana), Lope, Rabi and Mondah (Gabon). The developed metrics derived from the tomographic data have been found highly correlated to reference in situ AGB estimates $(R^{2}=0.85)$ and the root mean square error was 16% (for AGB ranging from 0 to 500 t/ha). These results have strong implications for the tomographic phase of the BIOMASS spaceborne mission.
Published: 2018

22. Recent Advances in the Characterization of Forests using SAR Tomography in Spaceborne Configurations

Author: Ferro-Famil, Laurent, Chen, Erxue, Tebaldini, S., Huang, Yue, Hong, Wen, Li, Xinwu, Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), RIFRIT, CAF, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), IECAS, Key Laboratory Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

23. Implications of Reduced-Precision Computations in HPC: Performance, Energy and Error

Author: Stefano Cherubin, Giovanni Agosta, Imane Lasri, Erven Rohou, Olivier Sentieys, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Pushing Architecture and Compilation for Application Performance (PACAP), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-ARCHITECTURE (IRISA-D3), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Energy Efficient Computing ArchItectures with Embedded Reconfigurable Resources (CAIRN), ARCHITECTURE (IRISA-D3), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Fixed-Point, Compilers, [INFO.INFO-AO]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Arithmetic, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, Approximate Computing, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: International audience; Error-tolerating applications are increasingly common in the emerging field of real-time HPC. Proposals have been made at the hardware level to take advantage of inherent perceptual limitations, redundant data, or reduced precision input [20], as well as to reduce system costs or improve power efficiency [19]. At the same time, works on floating-point to fixed-point conversion tools [9] allow us to trade-off the algorithm exactness for a more efficient implementation. In this work, we aim at leveraging existing, HPC-oriented hardware architectures, while including in the precision tuning an adaptive selection of floating-and fixed-point arithmetic. Our proposed solution takes advantage of the application domain knowledge of the programmers by involving them in the first step of the interaction chain. We rely on annotations written by the programmer on the input file to know which variables of a computational kernel should be converted to fixed-point. The second stage replaces the floating-point variables in the kernel with fixed-point equivalents. It also adds to the original source code the utility functions to perform data type conversions from floating-point to fixed-point, and vice versa. The output of the second stage is a new version of the kernel source code which exploits fixed-point computation instead of floating-point computation. As opposed to typical custom-width hardware designs, we only rely on the standard 16-bit, 32-bit and 64-bit types. We also explore the impact of the fixed-point representation on auto-vectorization. We discuss the effect of our solution in terms of time-to-solutions, error and energy-to-solution.
Published: 2018

24. Autotuning and adaptivity in energy efficient HPC systems - the ANTAREX toolbox

Author: Daniele Cesarini, Emanuele Vitali, Radim Cmar, Pedro Pinto, Candida Manelfi, Erven Rohou, Nico Sanna, Giovanni Agosta, João Bispo, Kateřina Slaninová, Davide Gadioli, Riccardo Nobre, Luca Benini, Stefano Cherubin, Jan Martinovič, Martin Golasowski, Amir H. Ashouri, Andrea R. Beccari, Cristina Silvano, Gianluca Palermo, Loïc Besnard, Andrea Bartolini, João M. P. Cardoso, Imane Lasri, Carlo Cavazzoni, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Department of Electronics, Information, and Bioengineering [Milano] (DEIB), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Department of Computer Science [ETH Zürich] (D-INFK), Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Universidade do Porto, Pushing Architecture and Compilation for Application Performance (PACAP), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-ARCHITECTURE (IRISA-D3), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Service Expérimentation et Développement (SED [Rennes]), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), CINECA [Bologna], Sygic companies [El Segundo], IT4Innovations - National Supercomputing Center [Ostrava], Technical University of Ostrava [Ostrava] (VSB), Dompé S.p.A. [Milano], European Project: 671623,H2020 Pilier Excellent Science,H2020-FETHPC-2014,ANTAREX(2015), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique)
Subjects: Computer science, Computer Science (all), [INFO.INFO-OH]Computer Science [cs]/Other [cs.OH], Autotuning, DSL, High-Performance and Power-aware Computing, 020207 software engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Supercomputer, Toolbox, 020202 computer hardware & architecture, Digital subscriber line, Computer architecture, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Use case, High-Performance & Power-aware Computing, Efficient energy use
Abstract: International audience; Designing and optimizing applications for energy-efficient High Performance Computing systems up to the Exascale era is an extremely challenging problem. This paper presents the toolbox developed in the ANTAREX European project for autotuning and adaptivity in energy efficient HPC systems. In particular, the modules of the ANTAREX toolbox are described as well as some preliminary results of the application to two target use cases.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

25. Evaluating Spaceborne L-band PolTomoSAR for Forest Biomass Retrieval based on Airborne SAR Data

Author: Blomberg, Erik, Ferro-Famil, Laurent, Ulander, Lars, Soja, Maciej, Tebaldini, S., Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

26. Handling uncertainty in health care management using the cardinality-constrained approach: Advantages and remarks

Author: Sara Mattia, Ettore Lanzarone, Giuliana Carello, Bernardetta Addis, Elena Tànfani, Andrea Grosso, Management of dynamic networks and services (MADYNES), Inria Nancy - Grand Est, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Department of Networks, Systems and Services (LORIA - NSS), Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Dipartimento di Informatica [Torino], Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO), Istituto di Analisi dei Sistemi e Informatica - CNR, Dipartimento di Economia [Genova], Universita degli studi di Genova, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), and Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe)
Subjects: business.industry, Management science, Settore ING-IND/34 - Bioingegneria Industriale, Medicine (miscellaneous), [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], Management Science and Operations Research, 3. Good health, Health care management, Cardinality-constrained approach, Continuity in home care, Robustness, Surgical case assignment, Risk analysis (engineering), Robustness (computer science), General Health Professions, Health care, Medicine, Settore MAT/09 - Ricerca Operativa, business, Assignment problem
Abstract: International audience; Different approaches have been proposed in the literature to handle uncertain parameters in health care optimisation problems. Among them, the cardinality-constrained approach to robust optimisation seems suitable for handling several of these problems because it allows a trade-off between the level of robustness and the cost of the solution, and an easy implementation that can be understood by clinicians and planners without any background in operations research. Thus far, however, cardinality-constrained approach has rarely been applied to health care. We recently applied the cardinality-constrained approach to two relevant health care management problems, namely, the operating room planning problem and the nurse-to-patient assignment problem in home care services. In this communication, we briefly describe our experience and focus on general considerations, advantages, and remarks that can help operations researchers in evaluating the approach for other applications in health care management.
Published: 2015

27. Context-aware, Autonomous and Smart Architectures (CASA@ECSA 2017)

Author: Raibulet, C, Fugini, M, Drira, Khalil, Pelliccione, P, Gerostathopoulos, I, Moessner, K, Prehofer, C, Dipartimento di Informatica Sistemistica e Comunicazione (DISCo), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Équipe Services et Architectures pour Réseaux Avancés (LAAS-SARA), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Fakultät für Informatik, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Institute for Communication Systems [University of Surrey], University of Surrey (UNIS), Fortiss GmbH, fortiss GmbH, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: Adaptability, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], [INFO.INFO-WB]Computer Science [cs]/Web, smart systems, context-awareness, [INFO.INFO-ET]Computer Science [cs]/Emerging Technologies [cs.ET], [INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE], autonomous
Abstract: International audience; Software is becoming more and more aware of its execution context. Decisions made at design time are moved at run time to enhance the services offered by the software. The Context-aware, Autonomous, and Smart Architectures (CASA) workshop aims to address the issues and challenges raised by the development and evaluation of software that is context-aware, dynamic, autonomous, smart, adaptive, self-managed. Novel approaches are needed to face the new issues raised by such software. Further, existing architectural solutions should be adapted and improved to meet the dynamic requirements of today systems.
Published: 2017

28. M2DC-Modular Microserver DataCentre with heterogeneous hardware

Author: Wojciech Piatek, René Griessl, Carlo Brandolese, Lennart Tigges, Loïc Cudennec, Michal Kierzynka, Mariano Cecowski, Daniel Schlitt, Javier Setoain, Sven Rosinger, Jens Hagemeyer, Mario Porrmann, Stefan Krupop, Jean-Marc Philippe, Alessandro Barenghi, Wolfgang Christmann, Chris Adeniyi-Jones, Gerardo Pelosi, Thierry Goubier, Luca Ceva, Christian Pieper, Ariel Oleksiak, Justin Cinkelj, Micha vor dem Berge, Jan Lachmair, Alexandre Carbon, Meysam Peykanu, Robert Plestenjak, Giovanni Agosta, Udo Janssen, William Fornaciari, Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center (PSNC), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), XLAB d.o.o., XLAB, Cognitive Interaction Technology [Bielefeld] (CITEC), Universität Bielefeld = Bielefeld University, Christmann Informationstechnik + Medien (GERMANY), Département d'Architectures, Conception et Logiciels Embarqués-LIST (DACLE-LIST), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institute for Information Technology [Oldenburg] (OFFIS), ARM Ltd [Cambridge] (ARM), European Project: 688201,H2020,H2020-ICT-2015,M2DC(2016), and Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA))
Subjects: Focus (computing), Microservers, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, business.industry, Heterogeneous architectures, 02 engineering and technology, Modular design, computer.software_genre, Data Centres, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Software, Artificial Intelligence, Hardware and Architecture, 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Operating system, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Data center, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], business, computer
Abstract: International audience; The Modular Microserver DataCentre (M2DC) project investigates, develops and demonstrates a modular, highly-efficient, cost-optimized server architecture composed of heterogeneous microserver computing resources. The resulting server architecture will be able to be tailored to meet requirements from a wide range of application domains. M2DC is built on three main pillars: a flexible server architecture that can be easily customised, maintained and updated; advanced management strategies and system efficiency enhancements (SEE); well-defined interfaces to the surrounding software data centre ecosystem. In this paper, we focus in particular on the thermal management strategies and on the initial benchmarking of the Aarch64 ARM architecture.
Published: 2017

29. P-Band SAR tomography for the characterization of tropical forests

Author: Stefano Tebaldini, T. Le Toan, Laurent Ferro-Famil, Ludovic Villard, D. Ho Tong Minh, Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale (UMR TETIS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), POLITECNICO DI MILANO ITA, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Rennes (UR), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut d'Electronique et de Télécommunications de Rennes (IETR)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Synthetic aperture radar, BIOMASS MISSION, Backscatter, AMERIQUE DU SUD, 0211 other engineering and technologies, TROPISAR, 02 engineering and technology, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, Dense forest, GROUND-AND-VOLUME INTERACTIONS, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, AIRBORNE DATA, Characterization (materials science), GUYANE FRANCAISE, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Tomography, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Geology, AFRISAR, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, Remote sensing
Abstract: [Departement_IRSTEA]Territoires [TR1_IRSTEA]SYNERGIE [Axe_IRSTEA]TETIS-ATTOS [Departement_IRSTEA]Territoires [TR1_IRSTEA]SYNERGIE [Axe_IRSTEA]TETIS-ATTOS; International audience; The objective of this paper is to provide a better understanding of tomographic capabilities in characterization of dense forested areas at P-band. The analysis is carried out on airborne data acquired by ONERA over the site in French Guyana, and in Gabon during the ESA campaign TropiSAR 2009 and AfriSAR 2015, respectively. The results shown support the idea that ground- and -volume interactions play a significant role at P-band. For a dense forest of 30 m and more, strong ground contribution at P-band can be visible in tomograms. P-band tomography allow us to retrieve the whole forest vertical structure, better characterizing of the ground and/or volume scatterings and providing an unique solution in high biomass ranging from 0-500 t/ha.
Published: 2017

30. Survivable green traffic engineering with shared protection

Author: Sara Mattia, Bernardetta Addis, Giuliana Carello, OPTImisation Methods for Integrated SysTems (OPTIMIST), Department of Networks, Systems and Services (LORIA - NSS), Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), and Istituto di Analisi dei Sistemi ed Informatica 'Antonio Ruberti' [Roma] (IASI)
Subjects: energy aware networking, Scheme (programming language), Mathematical optimization, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, branch-and-cut, Backup, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Information system, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Computer Science::Operating Systems, computer.programming_language, Consumption (economics), 021103 operations research, energy-eware networking, business.industry, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Energy consumption, [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], shared protection, Telecommunications network, Hardware and Architecture, Traffic engineering, business, Information Systems, Branch and cut, computer, Software
Abstract: This article focuses on the problem of minimizing the energy consumption in a resilient telecommunications network. For each demand, an edge-disjoint pair of paths (primary and backup) must be provided and the shared protection scheme is used. The energy consumption is due only to edges used in the no-fault scenario, but both primary and backup paths contribute to capacity consumption. We propose a projected formulation for the problem and show its effectiveness by comparing it with the complete formulation. We propose valid inequalities for both formulations. We evaluate the performances of the proposed formulations and valid inequalities through computational tests. Furthermore, we investigate the relationship between the shared and the dedicated protection version of the problem. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, Vol. 69(1), 6–22 2017
Published: 2017

31. Energy Management Through Optimized Routing and Device Powering for Greener Communication Networks

Author: Antonio Capone, Giuliana Carello, Brunilde Sansò, Bernardetta Addis, Luca G. Gianoli, Management of dynamic networks and services (MADYNES), Inria Nancy - Grand Est, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Department of Networks, Systems and Services (LORIA - NSS), Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Départment de Génie Electrique [Montreal], École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: traffic engineering, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Energy management, IP networks, 7. Clean energy, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Energy saving, network optimization, Overhead (computing), Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Integer programming, Consumption (economics), business.industry, Quality of service, flow-based routing, multiperiod, [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], Energy consumption, Telecommunications network, Computer Science Applications, Traffic engineering, Routing (electronic design automation), business, Software, Computer network
Abstract: International audience; Recent data confirm that the power consumption of the information and communications technologies (ICT) and of the Internet itself can no longer be ignored, considering the increasing pervasiveness and the importance of the sector on productivity and economic growth. Although the traffic load of communication networks varies greatly over time and rarely reaches capacity limits, its energy consumption is almost constant. Based on this observation, energy management strategies are being considered with the goal of minimizing the energy consumption, so that consumption becomes proportional to the traffic load either at the individual-device level or for the whole network. The focus of this paper is to minimize the energy consumption of the network through a management strategy that selectively switches off devices according to the traffic level. We consider a set of traffic scenarios and jointly optimize their energy consumption assuming a per-flow routing. We propose a traffic engineering mathematical programming formulation based on integer linear programming that includes constraints on the changes of the device states and routing paths to limit the impact on quality of service and the signaling overhead. We show a set of numerical results obtained using the energy consumption of real routers and study the impact of the different parameters and constraints on the optimal energy management strategy. We also present heuristic results to compare the optimal operational planning with online energy management operation .
Published: 2014

32. Experimental Comparison of Knife-Edge and Multi-Parallel Slit Collimators for Prompt Gamma Imaging of Proton Pencil Beams

Author: Carlo Fiorini, Frauke Roellinghoff, Etienne Testa, I. Perali, Guillaume Janssens, Nicolas Freud, Julien Smeets, Damien Prieels, Andrea Celani, Ion Beam Applications SA, IBA, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), XGLab SRL, Imagerie Tomographique et Radiothérapie, and Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon)
Subjects: Cancer Research, Bragg peak, [SDV.IB.MN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Nuclear medicine, range verification, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Optics, Prompt gamma imaging, Proton therapy, Range verification, Oncology, sezele, law, proton therapy, Segmentation, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Pencil-beam scanning, Image resolution, Original Research, Physics, business.industry, prompt gamma imaging, Collimator, Pencil (optics), 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], business, Nuclear medicine, Beam (structure)
Abstract: International audience; More and more camera concepts are being investigated to try and seize the opportunity of instantaneous range verification of proton therapy treatments offered by prompt gammas emitted along the proton tracks. Focusing on one-dimensional imaging with a passive collimator, the present study experimentally compared in combination with the first, clinically compatible, dedicated camera device the performances of instances of the two main options: a knife-edge slit (KES) and a multi-parallel slit (MPS) design. These two options were experimentally assessed in this specific context as they were previously demonstrated through analytical and numerical studies to allow similar performances in terms of Bragg peak retrieval precision and spatial resolution in a general context. Both collimators were prototyped according to the conclusions of Monte Carlo optimization studies under constraints of equal weight (40 mm tungsten alloy equivalent thickness) and of the specificities of the camera device under consideration (in particular 4 mm segmentation along beam axis and no time-of-flight discrimination, both of which less favorable to the MPS performance than to the KES one). Acquisitions of proton pencil beams of 100, 160, and 230 MeV in a PMMA target revealed that, in order to reach a given level of statistical precision on Bragg peak depth retrieval, the KES collimator requires only half the dose the present MPS collimator needs, making the KES collimator a preferred option for a compact camera device aimed at imaging only the Bragg peak position. On the other hand, the present MPS collimator proves more effective at retrieving the entrance of the beam in the target in the context of an extended camera device aimed at imaging the whole proton track within the patient.
Published: 2016
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33. Slow septal conduction is key in LBBB patient-specific models

Author: Sánchez, Carlos, Potse, Mark, D'Ambrosio, Gabriele, Illner, Annekatrin, Regoli, François, Caputo, Maria Luce, Conte, Giulio, Moccetti, Tiziano, Caiani, Enrico G., Prinzen, Frits W., Krause, Rolf, Auricchio, Angelo, Center for Computational Medicine in Cardiology [Lugano], Università della Svizzera italiana = University of Italian Switzerland (USI), Cardiocentro Ticino [Lugano], Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Department of Physiology, Maastricht University, Department of Physiology, and Maastricht University [Maastricht]-Maastricht University [Maastricht]
Subjects: [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, cardiovascular diseases
Abstract: International audience; PURPOSE: Left-bundle-branch block (LBBB) is a heterogeneous ventricular electrical disorder. Patient-specific models were created to characterize myocardial electrical properties in heart failure patients with LBBB.METHODS: The database consisted of 10 patients diagnosed with LBBB with no scars as detected by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). The ECG criteria proposed by Strauss et al. were used for LBBB diagnosis. Realistic individual anatomical models were created from CMR images. Properties such as early activation sites, tissue conductivity, and ionic current dynamics in ventricular cells were tuned to match both clinically recorded ECG and intracardiac ventricular activation sequence. Electrical activity in the ventricles was simulated using a reaction-diffusion equation. The Ten Tusscher-Panfilov 2006 model was used to simulate cell electrophysiology. Intracardiac electrograms and 12-lead ECGs were computed by solving the bidomain equation.SUMMARY: Left ventricular endocardial activation was completed in about 80-90 ms. In order to match the recorded electrical activation sequence and the QRS morphology, the conduction velocity needed to be increased slightly in some of the models. Most of the 10 patient-specific models presented similarities in their tuning: reduction of cell surface-to-volume ratio to mimic hypertrophy and increase conduction velocity, and reduction of potassium currents and heterogeneous distribution of their densities to match the T wave. Specific regional properties in the septum of very slow conduction, particularly in the cross-fiber direction (see example in the Figure), were essential to simulate the prolonged trans-septal delay from the right to the left ventricle in some LBBB patients.CONCLUSION: Despite notable prolongation of trans-septal time in LBBB patients, conduction velocity in the working myocardium is not impaired in all patients. Patient-specific simulation may help in characterizing myocardial properties, and possibly in patient selection for the most appropriate electrical or biological therapy.
Published: 2016

34. The ANTAREX Approach to Autotuning and Adaptivity for Energy Efficient HPC Systems

Author: Jan Martinovič, João Bispo, Martin Palkovic, Rui Abreu, Carlo Cavazzoni, Luca Benini, Nico Sanna, Kateřina Slaninová, João M. P. Cardoso, Erven Rohou, Giovanni Agosta, Davide Gadioli, Pedro Pinto, Andrea Bartolini, Radim Cmar, Andrea R. Beccari, Cristina Silvano, Gianluca Palermo, Stefano Cherubin, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Department of Computer Science [ETH Zürich] (D-INFK), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), IT4Innovations - National Supercomputing Center [Ostrava], Technical University of Ostrava [Ostrava] (VSB), Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, CINECA [Bologna], Dompé S.p.A. [Milano], Sygic companies [El Segundo], Pushing Architecture and Compilation for Application Performance (PACAP), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-ARCHITECTURE (IRISA-D3), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Project: 671623,H2020 Pilier Excellent Science,H2020-FETHPC-2014,ANTAREX(2015), Silvano, Cristina, Agosta, Giovanni, Cherubin, Stefano, Gadioli, Davide, Palermo, Gianluca, Bartolini, Andrea, Benini, Luca, Martinovic, Jan, Palkovic, Martin, Slaninová, Katerina, Bispo, João, Cardoso, João M.P., Abreu, Rui, Pinto, Pedro, Cavazzoni, Carlo, Sanna, Nico, Beccari, Andrea R., Cmar, Radim, Rohou, Erven, Universidade do Porto, CentraleSupélec-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), ARCHITECTURE (IRISA-D3), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), and AutoTuning and Adaptivity appRoach for Energy efficient eXascale HPC systems - ANTAREX - - H2020 Pilier Excellent Science2015-09-01 - 2018-08-31 - 671623 - VALID
Subjects: Power management, Adaptivity, Autotuning, Compilers, DSL, Energy Efficiency, High Performance Computing, Software, Computer science, Distributed computing, [INFO.INFO-OH]Computer Science [cs]/Other [cs.OH], Compiler, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, Resource (project management), 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Use case, business.industry, Supercomputer, 020202 computer hardware & architecture, [INFO.INFO-OH] Computer Science [cs]/Other [cs.OH], Digital subscriber line, business, computer, Efficient energy use
Abstract: International audience; The ANTAREX project aims at expressing the application self-adaptivity through a Domain Specific Language (DSL) and to run-time manage and autotune applications for green and heterogeneous High Performance Computing (HPC) systems up to Exas-ale. The DSL approach allows the definition of energy-efficiency, performance, and adaptivity strategies as well as their enforcement at runtime through application autotuning and resource and power management. We show through a mini-app extracted from one of the project application use cases some initial exploration of application precision tuning by means enabled by the DSL.
Published: 2016

35. Effects of Wave Propagation Velocity on X- And Ku-Band Tomographic Sar Imaging of Snowpack and Sea Ice

Author: Ferro-Famil, Laurent, Gebrie Yitayew, Temesgen, Rekioua, Badreddine, Tebaldini, Stefano, Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Tromsø (UiT), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2016

36. Tropical forest biomass estimation using P-band Polarimetric SAR Tomography

Author: Ferro-Famil, Laurent, El Hajj Chehade, Bassam, Ho Tong Minh, Dinh, Le Toan, Thuy, Tebaldini, Stefano, Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale (UMR TETIS), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Institut d'Electronique et de Télécommunications de Rennes (IETR), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2016

37. 3-D imaging using polarimetric diversity, processing techniques and applications

Author: Yue Huang, Andreas Reigber, Laurent Ferro-Famil, Stefano Tebaldini, Bassam El Hajj Chehade, Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)
Subjects: Synthetic aperture radar, Computer science, Multivariate signals, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Polarimetry, Image processing, 02 engineering and technology, Polarimetric diversity, Foliage-concealed target detections, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Tropical forest, Radar imaging, Polarization, Spectral Estimation, Polarization diversity, Tomography, SAR-Technologie, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, Remote sensing, Sar tomography (SARTom), Side looking airborne radar, 15. Life on land, Spectrum analysis, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, Inverse synthetic aperture radar, Bistatic radar, Processing technique, human activities, SAR
Abstract: International audience; This paper presents some processing techniques for 3-D imaging using tomographic SAR data sets acquired using a polarization diversity. Somme application of these approaches to 3-D mapping of urban areas, tropical forest characterization and under-foliage concealed target detection are given. © 2016 European Association of Antennas and Propagation.
Published: 2016

38. SAR tomography for the retrieval of forest biomass and height: Cross-validation at two tropical forest sites in French Guiana

Author: Dinh Ho Tong Minh, Jérôme Chave, Thuy Le Toan, Klaus Scipal, Fabio Rocca, Pascale Dubois-Fernandez, Stefano Tebaldini, Oliver L. Phillips, Ted R. Feldpausch, Ludovic Villard, Maxime Réjou-Méchain, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Geography [Leeds], University of Leeds, Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE), ONERA, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)
Subjects: Synthetic aperture radar, Canopy, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Backscatter, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Soil Science, 02 engineering and technology, BIOMASS mission, 01 natural sciences, Cross-validation, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], P-band SAR tomography, Computers in Earth Sciences, TropiSAR, Paracou, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, Tomography phase, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Biomass (ecology), Aboveground biomass, Geology, 15. Life on land, Nouragues, French Guiana, Vertical forest structure, Lidar, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Tomography
Abstract: [Departement_IRSTEA]Territoires [TR1_IRSTEA]SYNERGIE [Axe_IRSTEA]TETIS-ATTOS; International audience; Developing and improving methods to monitor forest carbon in space and time is a timely challenge, especially for tropical forests. The next European Space Agency Earth Explorer Core Mission BIOMASS will collect synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data globally from employing a multiple baseline orbit during the initial phase of its lifetime. These data will be used for tomographic SAR (TomoSAR) processing, with a vertical resolution of about 20 m, a resolution sufficient to decompose the backscatter signal into two to three layers for most closed-canopy tropical forests. A recent study, conducted in the Paracou site, French Guiana, has already shown that TomoSAR significantly improves the retrieval of forest aboveground biomass (AGB) in a high biomass forest, with an error of only 10% at 1.5-ha resolution. However, the degree to which this TomoSAR approach can be transferred from one site to another has not been assessed. We test this approach at the Nouragues site in central French Guiana (ca 100 km away from Paracou), and develop a method to retrieve the top-of-canopy height from TomoSAR. We found a high correlation between the backscatter signal and AGB in the upper canopy layer (i.e. 20–40 m), while lower layers only showed poor correlations. The relationship between AGB and TomoSAR data was found to be highly similar for forests at Nouragues and Paracou. Cross validation using training plots from Nouragues and validation plots from Paracou, and vice versa, gave an error of 16–18% of AGB using 1-ha plots. Finally, using a high-resolution LiDAR canopy model as a reference, we showed that TomoSAR has the potential to retrieve the top-of-canopy height with an error to within 2.5 m. Our analyses show that the TomoSAR-AGB retrieval method is accurate even in hilly and high-biomass forest areas and suggest that our approach may be generalizable to other study sites, having a canopy taller than 30 m. These results have strong implications for the tomographic phase of the BIOMASS spaceborne mission.
Published: 2016

39. Phase Calibration of Airborne Tomographic SAR Data via Phase Center Double Localization

Author: Mauro Mariotti d'Alessandro, Stefano Tebaldini, Laurent Ferro-Famil, Fabio Rocca, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Comision Nacional de Actividades Espaciales, Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, numerical analysis, Computer science, Coordinate system, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, phase center double localization, 01 natural sciences, 2-D synthetic aperture, numerical simulations, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Phase center, Computer vision, airborne radar, Tomography, Signal processing, reconstruction algorithms, TomoSAR processing, synthetic aperture radar (SAR), signal processing techniques, Surfaces, Synthetic aperture radar, terrain topography, Aperture, Phase (waves), spaceborne, Distributed media, ESA, Apertures, BioSAR 2008, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, TropiSAR, Focusing, phase linking algorithm, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, business.industry, Sensors, airborne tomographic SAR data, AlpTomoSAR, volumetric scatterers, calibration, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, Data set, synthetic aperture radar, SAR tomography, phase calibration, Calibration, tomography, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Artificial intelligence, Focus (optics), business
Abstract: International audience; Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data collected over a 2-D synthetic aperture can be processed to focus the illuminated scatterers in the 3-D space, using a number of signal processing techniques generally grouped under the name of SAR tomography (TomoSAR). A fundamental requirement for TomoSAR processing is to have precise knowledge of the platform position along the 2-D synthetic aperture. This requirement is not easily met in the case where the 2-D aperture is formed by collecting different flight lines (i.e., 1-D apertures) in a repeat-pass fashion, which is the typical case of airborne and spaceborne TomoSAR. Subwavelength platform position errors give rise to residual phase screens among different passes, which hinder coherent focusing in the 3-D space. In this paper, we propose a strategy for calibrating repeat-pass tomographic SAR data that allows us to accurately estimate and remove such residual phase screens in the absence of reference targets and prior information about terrain topography and even in the absence of any point- or surface-like target within the illuminated scene. The problem is tackled by observing that multiple flight lines provide enough information to jointly estimate platform and target positions, up to a roto-translation of the coordinate system used for representing the imaged scene. The employment of volumetric scatterers in the calibration process is enabled by the phase linking algorithm, which allows us to represent them as equivalent phase centers. The proposed approach is demonstrated through numerical simulations, in order to validate the results based on the exact knowledge of the simulated scatterers, and using real data from the ESA campaigns AlpTomoSAR, BioSAR 2008, and TropiSAR. A cross-check of the results from simultaneous P- and L-band acquisitions from the TropiSAR data set indicates that the dispersion of the retrieved flight trajectories is limited to a few millimeters
Published: 2016

40. Tropical forest biomass retrieval using P-band PolTomSAR data

Author: Chehade, B. E. H., Ferro-Famil, L., Dinh, H. T. M., Le Toan, T., STEFANO TEBALDINI, Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Institut d'Electronique et de Télécommunications de Rennes (IETR), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DEIB, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: polarimetric imaging, multivariate statistics, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, forest remote sensing, P band, RVOG model, radar tomography, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, SAR
Abstract: International audience; This paper investigates the ability of Polarimetric SAR Tomography (PolTomSAR), performed at P-band, to retrieve Above-Ground-Biomass (AGB) over dense tropical forests. PolTomSAR techniques allow an accurate estimation of the backscattered power distribution in the vertical direction. A first tomographic biomass estimator, relating AGB to the backscattered power in the higher part of the vegetation is analyzed through a Random-Volume-over-Ground (RVoG) analytical description of a forest profile. A PolTom-RVoG derivation of the power backscattered by the upper vegetation layer is performed as an integration of the reflectivity along the volume vertical structure. This integration is carried out over a domain fixed by TomSAR resolution and tree height, leading to a novel and accurate ABG estimator. The proposed techniques are applied to P-Band data acquired over the Paracou data site on French Guiana in 2009, in the frame of the European Space Agency (ESA) TropiSAR campaign.
Published: 2016

41. Multidimensional factorization through helical mapping

Author: Pierre Comon, Olivier Michel, Umberto Spagnolini, Francesca Raimondi, GIPSA - Communication Information and Complex Systems (GIPSA-CICS), Département Images et Signal (GIPSA-DIS), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), and European Project: 320594,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-ADG_20120216,DECODA(2013)
Subjects: Blind deconvolution, FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer science, Computer Science - Information Theory, Physical system, Cepstral analysis, 02 engineering and technology, Spectral theorem, Space (mathematics), Minimum phase, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Factorization, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Applied mathematics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Equivalence (measure theory), Spectral factorization, Partial differential equation, Information Theory (cs.IT), Causality, Multidimensional filtering, Control and Systems Engineering, Software, Signal Processing, 1707, 020206 networking & telecommunications, [INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV], Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: This paper proposes a new perspective on the problem of multidimensional spectral factorization, through helical mapping: $d$-dimensional ($d$D) data arrays are vectorized, processed by $1$D cepstral analysis and then remapped onto the original space. Partial differential equations (PDEs) are the basic framework to describe the evolution of physical phenomena. We observe that the minimum phase helical solution asymptotically converges to the $d$D semi-causal solution, and allows to decouple the two solutions arising from PDEs describing physical systems. We prove this equivalence in the theoretical framework of cepstral analysis, and we also illustrate the validity of helical factorization through a $2$D wave propagation example and a $3$D application to helioseismology., Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures
Published: 2016
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42. Enabling Privacy in a Distributed Game-Theoretical Scheduling System for Domestic Appliances

Author: Giacomo Verticale, Lin Chen, Antimo Barbato, Cristina Rottondi, Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Graphes, Algorithmes et Combinatoire (LRI) (GALaC - LRI), Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LRI), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Department of Electronics, Information, and Bioengineering [Milano] (DEIB)
Subjects: Schedule, Information privacy, General Computer Science, Computer science, 020209 energy, 02 engineering and technology, Smart grid, Computer security, computer.software_genre, 7. Clean energy, Scheduling (computing), Peak demand, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, demand side management, business.industry, privacy-friendly load scheduling, Energy consumption, Data aggregator, Information sensitivity, business, computer, Computer network
Abstract: Demand side management (DSM) makes it possible to adjust the load experienced by the power grid while reducing the consumers’ bill. Game-theoretic DSM is an appealing decentralized approach for collaboratively scheduling the usage of domestic electrical appliances within a set of households while meeting the users’ preferences about the usage time. The drawback of distributed DSM protocols is that they require each user to communicate his/her own energy consumption patterns, which may leak sensitive information regarding private habits. This paper proposes a distributed privacy-friendly DSM system that preserves users’ privacy by integrating data aggregation and perturbation techniques: users decide their schedule according to aggregated consumption measurements perturbed by means of additive white Gaussian noise. We evaluate the noise power and the number of users required to achieve a given privacy level, quantified by means of the increase of the information entropy of the aggregated energy consumption pattern. The performance of our proposed DSM system is compared to the one of a benchmark system that does not support privacy preservation in terms of total bill, peak demand, and convergence time. Results show that privacy can be improved at the cost of increasing the peak demand and the number of game iterations, whereas the total bill is only marginally incremented.
Published: 2016

43. Phase Calibration of Tomographic SAR data using volumetric natural targets

Author: Tebaldini, S., Rocca, F., d'Alessandro, M. Mariotti, Ferro-Famil, Laurent, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: International audience; A fundamental requirement for TomoSAR processing is to have precise knowledge of the platform position along the 2D synthetic aperture. This requirement is not easily met in the case where the 2D aperture is formed by collecting different flight lines in a repeat-pass fashion, which is the typical case of airborne and spaceborne TomoSAR. Subwavelength platform position errors give rise to residual phase screens among different passes, which hinder coherent focusing in the 3D space. The employment of volumetric scatterers in the calibration process is enabled by the Phase Linking algorithm, which allows to represent them as equivalent phase centers. A cross-check of the results from simultaneous P- and L-Band acquisitions from the TropiSAR data-set indicates that the dispersion of the retrieved flight trajectories is limited to a few millimeters.
Published: 2016

44. Operating room scheduling and rescheduling: a rolling horizon approach

Author: Andrea Grosso, Elena Tànfani, Giuliana Carello, Bernardetta Addis, OPTImisation Methods for Integrated SysTems (OPTIMIST), Department of Networks, Systems and Services (LORIA - NSS), Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Dipartimento di Informatica [Torino], Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Dipartimento di Economia [Genova], Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe), Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO), and Universita degli studi di Genova
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, Mathematical optimization, Schedule, 021103 operations research, Operating room planning and scheduling, Re-scheduling, Robust optimization, Rolling horizon, Management Science and Operations Research, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Operating room planning and scheduling, Rolling horizon, Robust optimization, Re-scheduling, Computer science, Tardiness, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Time horizon, 02 engineering and technology, [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], Scheduling (computing), Block scheduling, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Penalty method, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Block (data storage)
Abstract: In this work we consider the problem of selecting a set of patients among a given waiting list of elective patients and assigning them to a set of available operating room blocks. We assume a block scheduling strategy in which the number and the length of available blocks are given. As each block is related to a specific day, by assigning a patient to a block his/her surgery date is fixed, as well. Each patient is characterized by a recommended maximum waiting time and an uncertain surgery duration. In practical applications, new patients enter the waiting list continuously. Patient selection and assignment is performed by surgery departments on a short-term, usually a week, regular base. We propose a so-called rolling horizon approach for the patient selection and assignment. At each iteration short-term patient assignment is decided. However, in a look-ahead perspective, a longer planning horizon is considered when looking for the patient selection. The mid-term assignment over the next $$n$$ weeks is generated by solving an ILP problem, minimizing a penalty function based on total waiting time and tardiness of patients. The approach is iteratively applied by shifting ahead the mid-term planning horizon. When applying the first week solution, unpredictable extensions of surgeries may disrupt the schedule. Such disruptions are recovered in the next iteration: the mid-term solution is rescheduled limiting the number of variations from the previously computed plan. Besides, the approach allows to deal with new patient arrivals. To keep limited the number of disruptions due to uncertain surgery duration, we propose also a robust formulation of the ILP problem. The deterministic and the robust formulation based frameworks are compared over a set of instances, including different stochastic realization of surgery times.
Published: 2016

45. Autotuning and adaptivity approach for energy efficient Exascale HPC systems: The ANTAREX approach

Author: Katerina Slaninova, Jan Martinovič, Nico Sanna, Giovanni Agosta, Andrea Bartolini, Andrea R. Beccari, Cristina Silvano, Pedro Pinto, Radim Cmar, Erven Rohou, João M. P. Cardoso, Gianluca Palermo, Carlo Cavazzoni, João Bispo, Martin Palkovic, Luca Benini, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Department of Computer Science [ETH Zürich] (D-INFK), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Dompé S.p.A. [Milano], Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Universidade do Porto, Sygic companies [El Segundo], CINECA [Bologna], IT4Innovations - National Supercomputing Center [Ostrava], Technical University of Ostrava [Ostrava] (VSB), Amdahl's Law is Forever (ALF), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-ARCHITECTURE (IRISA-D3), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), CentraleSupélec-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), European Project: 671623,H2020 Pilier Excellent Science,H2020-FETHPC-2014,ANTAREX(2015), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Silvano, Cristina, Agosta, Giovanni, Bartolini, Andrea, Beccari, Andrea R., Benini, Luca, Bispo, Joã£o, Cmar, Radim, Cardoso, Joao M. P., Cavazzoni, Carlo, Martinoviä, Jan, Palermo, Gianluca, Palkoviä, Martin, Pinto, Pedro, Rohou, Erven, Sanna, Nico, and Slaninova¡, Katerina
Subjects: Power management, Risk, Computer science, Energy Efficiency, Distributed computing, [INFO.INFO-OH]Computer Science [cs]/Other [cs.OH], Compiler, High Performance Computing, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, DSL, Software, Resource (project management), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Autotuning, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Adaptivity, Compilers, Hardware and Architecture, business.industry, Separation of concerns, 020207 software engineering, Supercomputer, 020202 computer hardware & architecture, Reliability and Quality, Key (cryptography), Safety, business, computer, Efficient energy use
Abstract: International audience; The main goal of the ANTAREX project is to express by a Domain Specific Language (DSL) the application self-adaptivity and to runtime manage and autotune applications for green and heterogeneous High Performance Computing (HPC) systems up to the Exascale level. Key innovations of the project include the introduction of a separation of concerns between self-adaptivity strategies and application functionalities. The DSL approach will allow the definition of energy-efficiency, performance, and adaptivity strategies as well as their enforcement at runtime through application autotuning and resource and power management.
Published: 2016

46. ANTAREX – AutoTuning and Adaptivity appRoach for Energy efficient eXascale HPC systems

Author: Silvano, Cristina, Agosta, Giovanni, Bartolini, Andrea, Beccari, Andrea, Benini, Luca, Cardoso, João M. P., Cavazzoni, Carlo, Martinovič, Jan, Palermo, Gianluca, Palkovič, Martin, Rohou, Erven, Sanna, Nico, Slaninova, Katerina, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Department of Computer Science [ETH Zürich] (D-INFK), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Dompé S.p.A. [Milano], Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, CINECA [Bologna], IT4Innovations - National Supercomputing Center [Ostrava], Technical University of Ostrava [Ostrava] (VSB), Amdahl's Law is Forever (ALF), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-ARCHITECTURE (IRISA-D3), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Project: 671623,H2020 Pilier Excellent Science,H2020-FETHPC-2014,ANTAREX(2015), Universidade do Porto, CentraleSupélec-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)
Subjects: Adaptivity, [INFO.INFO-OH]Computer Science [cs]/Other [cs.OH], High Performance Computing, Autotuning
Abstract: International audience; The main goal of the ANTAREX project is to express by a Domain Specific Language (DSL) the application self-adaptivity and to runtime manage and autotune applications for green and heterogeneous High Performance Computing (HPC) systems up to the Exascale level. Key innovations of the project include the introduction of a separation of concerns between self-adaptivity strategies and application functionalities. The DSL approach will allow the definition of energy-efficiency, performance , and adaptivity strategies as well as their enforcement at runtime through application autotuning and resource and power management.
Published: 2015

47. Recent advances in the characterization of forest structure and biomass in air- and space-borne configurations using polarimetric SAR tomography

Author: Ferro-Famil, Laurent, Tebaldini, S., Pottier, E., Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Nantes Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)
Subjects: [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2015

48. DICE: Quality-Driven Development of Data-Intensive Cloud Applications

Author: Giuliano Casale, Danilo Ardagna, Matej Artac, Franck Barbier, Elisabetta Di Nitto, Alexis Henry, Gabriel Iuhasz, Christophe Joubert, Jose Merseguer, Victor Ion Munteanu, Juan Fernando Perez, Dana Petcu, Matteo Rossi, Craig Sheridan, Ilias Spais, Daniel Vladuic, Imperial College London, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC), Laboratoire Informatique de l'Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (LIUPPA), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), West University of Timișoara [Roumanie] (WUT), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)
Subjects: 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], 020206 networking & telecommunications, 020207 software engineering, 02 engineering and technology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2015

49. An image-based method to synchronize cone-beam CT and optical surface tracking

Author: Marco Riboldi, Aurora Fassi, Joël Schaerer, Guido Baroni, David Sarrut, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Imagerie Tomographique et Radiothérapie, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, Lung Neoplasms, Synchronizing, Tracking (particle physics), Synchronization, Imaging phantom, Optics, Position (vector), Optical surface, Calibration, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Computer vision, Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography, Instrumentation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Image-guided radiation therapy, Aged, Physics, Aged, 80 and over, Radiation, business.industry, Phantoms, Imaging, Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted, Respiration, Cone-Beam Computed Tomography, Models, Theoretical, [INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV], Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Female, Artificial intelligence, Dose Fractionation, Radiation, business, Algorithms, Radiotherapy, Image-Guided
Abstract: The integration of in-room X-ray imaging and optical surface tracking has gained increasing importance in the field of image guided radiotherapy (IGRT). An essential step for this integration consists of temporally synchronizing the acquisition of X-ray projections and surface data. We present an image-based method for the synchronization of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and optical surface systems, which does not require the use of additional hardware. The method is based on optically tracking the motion of a component of the CBCT/gantry unit, which rotates during the acquisition of the CBCT scan. A calibration procedure was implemented to relate the position of the rotating component identified by the optical system with the time elapsed since the beginning of the CBCT scan, thus obtaining the temporal correspondence between the acquisition of X-ray projections and surface data. The accuracy of the proposed synchronization method was evaluated on a motorized moving phantom, performing eight simultaneous acquisitions with an Elekta Synergy CBCT machine and the AlignRT optical device. The median time difference between the sinusoidal peaks of phantom motion signals extracted from the synchronized CBCT and AlignRT systems ranged between -3.1 and 12.9 msec, with a maximum interquartile range of 14.4 msec. The method was also applied to clinical data acquired from seven lung cancer patients, demonstrating the potential of the proposed approach in estimating the individual and daily variations in respiratory parameters and motion correlation of internal and external structures. The presented synchronization method can be particularly useful for tumor tracking applications in extracranial radiation treatments, especially in the field of patient-specific breathing models, based on the correlation between internal tumor motion and external surface surrogates.
Published: 2015

50. Surrogate-driven deformable motion model for organ motion tracking in particle radiation therapy

Author: Giovanni Ivaldi, Aurora Fassi, Matteo Seregni, Marco Riboldi, David Sarrut, M. Liotta, Pietro Cerveri, Guido Baroni, Paola Tabarelli de Fatis, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Bioengineering Unit, CNAO Foundation, Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon], Imagerie Tomographique et Radiothérapie, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Radiation Oncology, Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, and Department of Medical Physics
Subjects: Respiratory-Gated Imaging Techniques, medicine.medical_treatment, 4D CT motion model, Image registration, Heavy Ion Radiotherapy, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Tracking (particle physics), Motion, Organ Motion, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging, medicine, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Computer vision, Computer Simulation, Particle radiation, Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography, external surface surrogate, particle therapy, tumor tracking, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, Particle beam, Particle therapy, business.industry, Respiration, Dynamics (mechanics), Breathing, Artificial intelligence, Radiology, business, Radiotherapy, Image-Guided
Abstract: International audience; The aim of this study is the development and experimental testing of a tumor tracking method for particle radiation therapy, providing the daily respiratory dynamics of the patient's thoraco-abdominal anatomy as a function of an external surface surrogate combined with an a priori motion model. The proposed tracking approach is based on a patient-specific breathing motion model, estimated from the four-dimensional (4D) planning computed tomography (CT) through deformable image registration. The model is adapted to the interfraction baseline variations in the patient's anatomical configuration. The driving amplitude and phase parameters are obtained intrafractionally from a respiratory surrogate signal derived from the external surface displacement. The developed technique was assessed on a dataset of seven lung cancer patients, who underwent two repeated 4D CT scans. The first 4D CT was used to build the respiratory motion model, which was tested on the second scan. The geometric accuracy in localizing lung lesions, mediated over all breathing phases, ranged between 0.6 and 1.7 mm across all patients. Errors in tracking the surrounding organs at risk, such as lungs, trachea and esophagus, were lower than 1.3 mm on average. The median absolute variation in water equivalent path length (WEL) within the target volume did not exceed 1.9 mm-WEL for simulated particle beams. A significant improvement was achieved compared with error compensation based on standard rigid alignment. The present work can be regarded as a feasibility study for the potential extension of tumor tracking techniques in particle treatments. Differently from current tracking methods applied in conventional radiotherapy, the proposed approach allows for the dynamic localization of all anatomical structures scanned in the planning CT, thus providing complete information on density and WEL variations required for particle beam range adaptation.
Published: 2015

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