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1. The unpublished drawings by Domenico Cirillo in the Società dei Naturalisti in Napoli

Author: De Natale, Antonino; Dipartimento di Biologia - Università di Napoli Federico II and De Natale, Antonino; Dipartimento di Biologia - Università di Napoli Federico II
Abstract: Editor: FedOA -Federico II University Press Series: Cavoliniana. Monographies of the Società dei Naturalisti in Napoli Pages: 337 Language: Italiano NBN: http://nbn.depositolegale.it/resolver.pl?nbn=urn:nbn:it:unina-27907 Abstract: From the reorganization of the Archive of the Society of Naturalists in Naples, some drawings of insects and plants by Domenico Cirillo (1739-1799) reappear after two hundred and twenty years, fortunately escaped the fury of the Sanfedisti when they sacked and destroyed his house. They were confused among the papers of his pupil and friend Filippo Cavolini (1756-1810). Carefully studied in this volume, they are for the first time made known to scholars and admirers of the great physician and naturalist, who died for his ideals of justice and for the renewal of the old regime society. In addition to contributions documenting the contacts that Cirillo had with artists and printers, the volume also includes information on the costs he incurred for the publication of his books, to which is added the history that occurred to the manuscript papers of Filippo Cavolini and its descendants, the family De Mellis, which merged into the Society of Naturalists., Editore: FedOA -Federico II University Press Collana: Cavoliniana. Monografie della Società dei Naturalisti in Napoli Pagine: 337 Lingua: Italiano NBN: http://nbn.depositolegale.it/resolver.pl?nbn=urn:nbn:it:unina-27907 Abstract: Dal riordinamento dell’Archivio della Società dei Naturalisti in Napoli riappaiono, dopo duecentoventi anni, alcuni disegni di insetti e piante di Domenico Cirillo (1739-1799), fortunosamente scampati alla furia dei sanfedisti quando saccheggiarono e distrussero la sua casa. Si trovavano confusi fra le carte del suo discepolo e amico Filippo Cavolini (1756-1810). Studiati con cura in questo volume, vengono per la prima volta resi noti agli studiosi e agli ammiratori del grande medico e naturalista, morto per i suoi ideali di giustizia e per il rinnovamento della società di antico regime. Arricchiscono il volume, oltre a contributi che documentano i contatti che Cirillo ebbe con artisti e tipografi, informazioni sui costi che sostenne per la pubblicazione dei suoi libri, a cui si aggiunge la storia occorsa alla carte manoscritte di Filippo Cavolini e della famiglia De Mellis, che confluirono nella Società dei Naturalisti.
Published: 2021

2. Annali di botanica.

Author: Università degli studi di Roma "La Sapienza". Dipartimento di biologia vegetale and New York Botanical Garden, LuEsther T. Mertz Library
Subjects: Italy, Periodicals, Plants
Published: 1903

3. Annali di botanica

Author: Università degli studi di Roma "La Sapienza". Dipartimento di biologia vegetale and New York Botanical Garden, LuEsther T. Mertz Library
Subjects: Italy, Periodicals, Plants

4. Annali di botanica

Author: Università degli studi di Roma "La Sapienza". Dipartimento di biologia vegetale and New York Botanical Garden, LuEsther T. Mertz Library
Subjects: Italy, Periodicals, Plants

5. Annali di botanica

Author: Università degli studi di Roma "La Sapienza". Dipartimento di biologia vegetale and New York Botanical Garden, LuEsther T. Mertz Library
Subjects: Italy, Periodicals, Plants

6. Annali di botanica

Author: Università degli studi di Roma "La Sapienza". Dipartimento di biologia vegetale and New York Botanical Garden, LuEsther T. Mertz Library
Subjects: Italy, Periodicals, Plants

7. Annali di botanica

Author: Università degli studi di Roma "La Sapienza". Dipartimento di biologia vegetale and New York Botanical Garden, LuEsther T. Mertz Library
Subjects: Italy, Periodicals, Plants

8. Annali di botanica

Author: Università degli studi di Roma "La Sapienza". Dipartimento di biologia vegetale and New York Botanical Garden, LuEsther T. Mertz Library
Subjects: Italy, Periodicals, Plants

9. RESPONSE OF TOMATO PLANTS EXPOSED TO TREATMENT WITH NANOPARTICLES

Author: Giordani, Tommaso; Dipartimento di Biologia delle Piante Agrarie, University of Pisa, Pisa, Fabrizi, Alberto; Dipartimento Tecnica e Gestione dei Sistemi Industriali, University of Padova, Padova, Guidi, Lucia; Dipartimento di Biologia delle Piante Agrarie, University of Pisa, Pisa, Natali, Lucia; Dipartimento di Biologia delle Piante Agrarie, University of Pisa, Pisa, Giunti, Giulia; Dipartimento di Biologia delle Piante Agrarie, University of Pisa, Pisa, Ravasi, Fausto; Dipartimento di Biologia delle Piante Agrarie, University of Pisa, Pisa, Cavallini, Andrea; Dipartimento di Biologia delle Piante Agrarie, University of Pisa, Pisa, Pardossi, Alberto; Dipartimento di Biologia delle Piante Agrarie, University of Pisa, Pisa, Giordani, Tommaso; Dipartimento di Biologia delle Piante Agrarie, University of Pisa, Pisa, Fabrizi, Alberto; Dipartimento Tecnica e Gestione dei Sistemi Industriali, University of Padova, Padova, Guidi, Lucia; Dipartimento di Biologia delle Piante Agrarie, University of Pisa, Pisa, Natali, Lucia; Dipartimento di Biologia delle Piante Agrarie, University of Pisa, Pisa, Giunti, Giulia; Dipartimento di Biologia delle Piante Agrarie, University of Pisa, Pisa, Ravasi, Fausto; Dipartimento di Biologia delle Piante Agrarie, University of Pisa, Pisa, Cavallini, Andrea; Dipartimento di Biologia delle Piante Agrarie, University of Pisa, Pisa, and Pardossi, Alberto; Dipartimento di Biologia delle Piante Agrarie, University of Pisa, Pisa
Abstract: In this work the response of Tomato plants cv. Micro-Tom to nanoparticles (NPs) treatment was investigated. Tomato seedlings were grown in hydroponic condition and NPs treatments were carried out by adding Fe3O4 or TiO2 NPs to nutrient solution. At the end of treatments, NPs root uptake and tissue deposition were investigated using Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope, equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy for chemical identification. At morphological level, one week after the beginning of NP treatment, seedlings grown with high concentration of TiO2 NPs showed an abnormal proliferation of root hairs, as compared to the control seedlings and to the seedlings exposed to Fe3O4 NPs, Shoot morphology did not differ in tomato seedlings grown under different conditions and no symptoms of toxicity were observed in NP-treated plants. In order to analyse genetic effects of NPs treatments, RNA transcription was studied in roots of NP-exposed and control plants by Illumina RNA sequencing, evidencing the induction of transposable elements., In questo lavoro è stata studiata la risposta di piante di pomodoro al trattamento con nanoparticelle (NP). Piantine di pomodoro sono state coltivate in idroponica e i trattamenti sono stati eseguiti aggiungendo NP di Fe3O4 o di TiO2 alla soluzione nutritiva. Al termine degli esperimenti sono stati esaminati l’assorbimento radicale di NP e la loro deposizione sui tessuti radicali usando un microscopio elettronico a scansione, dotato di spettroscopio a dispersione di energia per l'identificazione chimica dei materiali. Rispetto ai controlli e a piantine esposte a nanoparticelle di Fe3O4, piantine cresciute con alte concentrazioni di nanoparticelle di TiO2 hanno mostrato una anormale proliferazione di peli radicali. La morfologia dei germogli non differiva in piantine coltivate nelle diverse condizioni e non sono stati osservati sintomi di tossicità in piante trattate con NP. Al fine di analizzare la risposta ai trattamenti con NP a livello genetico, è stata studiata la trascrizione dell’RNA nelle radici, attraverso sequenziamento Illumina, evidenziando l’attivazione di elementi trasponibili.
Published: 2012

10. Priorità e obiettivi per la valutazione e gestione del rischio per la salute umana e la qualità ambientale da esposizione a Interferenti Endocrini

Author: Prof. Luciano CAGLIOTI, Professore Ordinario di Chimica Organica, Università di Roma \\'La Sapienza\\' - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), con l'incarico di coordinatore, Dott. Gianvincenzo BARBA, Ricercatore di III livello II^ fascia presso l'Istituto di Scienza dell'Alimentazione del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Prof. Francesco Maria CANCELLOTTI, Direttore Scientifico Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Lazio e Toscana, Dott.ssa Anna Maria COLACCI, Responsabile Cancerogenesi ambientale ARPA Emilia Romagna, Dott. Ivano GIACOMELLI, Segretario Nazionale Associazione Codici, Prof. Giuseppe LATINI, Direttore Unità Operativa di Neonatologia dell'Ospedale Perrino di Brindisi, Dott.ssa Catherine LECLERCQ, Ricercatore di ruolo presso l'Unità di Nutrizione Umana dell'Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca per gli Alimenti e la Nutrizione (INRAN), Responsabile del \\'Gruppo di ricerca sull'esposizione al rischio alimentare\\', Prof.ssa Alberta MANDICH, Ricercatore confermato presso il Dipartimento di Biologia dell'Università di Genova, Prof. Alberto MANTOVANI, Dirigente di ricerca del Dipartimento Sicurezza Alimentare e Salute Pubblica Veterinaria dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Prof. Luigi MANZO, Professore Ordinario di Tossicologia, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Pavia, IRCCS, Fondazione Maugeri, Dott. Fabrizio OLEARI, Direttore Generale Ministero della Salute, Segretariato Nazionale della Valutazione del Rischio della Catena Alimentare, Prof.ssa Antonella OLIVIERI, Primo Ricercatore presso il Dipartimento di Biologia Cellulare e Neuroscienze dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma Dott. Elena ORBAN, Direttore dell'Unità di Tecnologie Alimentari e dell'Area di Studio Prodotti Ittici, Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca per gli Alimenti e la Nutrizione (INRAN), Dott. Stefano PAOLUCCI, Direttore Unità Operativa \\'F\\' Fondazione S. Lucia, IRCCS, and Dott. Carlo ZAGHI, Dirigente Divisione VII, Valutazione del Rischio Ambientale di Prodotti Chimici, Direzione Generale per la Salvaguardia Ambientale, Ministero dell'Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio e del Mare.
Published: 2009

11. RESPONSE OF TOMATO PLANTS EXPOSED TO TREATMENT WITH NANOPARTICLES

Author: Giordani, Tommaso, Dipartimento Di Biologia Delle Piante Agrarie, University Of Pisa, Pisa, Fabrizi, Alberto, Dipartimento Tecnica E Gestione Dei Sistemi Industriali, University Of Padova, Padova, Guidi, Lucia, Natali, Lucia, Giunti, Giulia, Ravasi, Fausto, Cavallini, Andrea, and Pardossi, Alberto
Subjects: nanoparticles, tomato, hydroponic, root uptake, nanoparticules, tomate, hydroponique, absorption radical, mental disorders, technology, industry, and agriculture, food and beverages, nanoparticelle, pomodoro, idroponica, assorbimento radicale
Abstract: In this work the response of Tomato plants cv. Micro-Tom to nanoparticles (NPs) treatment was investigated. Tomato seedlings were grown in hydroponic condition and NPs treatments were carried out by adding Fe3O4 or TiO2 NPs to nutrient solution. At the end of treatments, NPs root uptake and tissue deposition were investigated using Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope, equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy for chemical identification. At morphological level, one week after the beginning of NP treatment, seedlings grown with high concentration of TiO2 NPs showed an abnormal proliferation of root hairs, as compared to the control seedlings and to the seedlings exposed to Fe3O4 NPs, Shoot morphology did not differ in tomato seedlings grown under different conditions and no symptoms of toxicity were observed in NP-treated plants. In order to analyse genetic effects of NPs treatments, RNA transcription was studied in roots of NP-exposed and control plants by Illumina RNA sequencing, evidencing the induction of transposable elements., Dans ce travail nous avons étudié la réponse des plantes de tomate cv. Micro-Tom à des traitements avec des nanoparticules (NPs). Plants de tomates ont été cultivées dans des conditions hydroponiques et des traitements ont été effectués en ajoutant des NPs de TiO2 ou Fe3O4 à la solution nutritive. À la fin des traitements, nous avons mesuré l’absorption de NPs par les racines et leur dépôt dans les tissues radicaux, utilisant un microscope électronique à balayage, équipé de spectroscopie à dispersion d'énergie pour l'identification chimique des matériaux. Par rapport aux plantes non traitées et a celles exposées à des NPs de Fe3O4, les plantes cultivées avec des concentrations élevées de nanoparticules de TiO2 ont montré une prolifération anormale de poils racinaires. La morphologie des bourgeons ne différait pas dans les plantes cultivées dans des conditions différentes et on n'ai été observé aucun symptôme de toxicité chez les plantes traitées avec des NPs. Afin d'analyser les effets génétiques du traitement avec NPs, nous avons étudié l’expression de l'ARN dans les racines par séquençage Illumina de l'ARN, attestant l'induction des éléments transposables., In questo lavoro è stata studiata la risposta di piante di pomodoro al trattamento con nanoparticelle (NP). Piantine di pomodoro sono state coltivate in idroponica e i trattamenti sono stati eseguiti aggiungendo NP di Fe3O4 o di TiO2 alla soluzione nutritiva. Al termine degli esperimenti sono stati esaminati l’assorbimento radicale di NP e la loro deposizione sui tessuti radicali usando un microscopio elettronico a scansione, dotato di spettroscopio a dispersione di energia per l'identificazione chimica dei materiali. Rispetto ai controlli e a piantine esposte a nanoparticelle di Fe3O4, piantine cresciute con alte concentrazioni di nanoparticelle di TiO2 hanno mostrato una anormale proliferazione di peli radicali. La morfologia dei germogli non differiva in piantine coltivate nelle diverse condizioni e non sono stati osservati sintomi di tossicità in piante trattate con NP. Al fine di analizzare la risposta ai trattamenti con NP a livello genetico, è stata studiata la trascrizione dell’RNA nelle radici, attraverso sequenziamento Illumina, evidenziando l’attivazione di elementi trasponibili., EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality; Vol 8 (2012); 27-38
Published: 2013
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12. Multicenter quality control study for humancytomegalovirus DNAemia quantification

Author: Daniele, Lilleri, Tiziana, Lazzarotto, Valeria, Ghisetti, Paolo, Ravanini, Capobianchi, MARIA R., Fausto, Baldanti, GIUSEPPE GERNA AND THE SIV AMCLI TRANSPLANT SURVEILLANCE GROUP, SERVIZIO DI VIROLOGIA, FONDAZIONE IRCCS POLICLINICO SAN MATTEO, Pavia, Virologia, U. O. DI MICROBIOLOGIA E., ORSOLA MALPIGHI, POLICLINICO S., UNIVERSITÃ€ DI BOLOGNA, Bologna, LABORATORIO DI MICROBIOLOGIA, OSPEDALE LE MOLINETTE, Virologia, TORINO AND LABORATORIO DI MICROBIOLOGIA E., OSPEDALE AMEDEO DI SAVOIA, Torino, Virologia, LABORATORIO DI MICROBIOLOGIA E., OSPEDALE MAGGIORE DELLA CARITÃ€, Novara, LABORATORIO DI VIROLOGIA, Spallanzani, INMI L., Roma, SOCIETÃ€ ITALIANA DI VIROLOGIA ASSOCIAZIONE MICROBIOLOGI CLINICI ITALIANI SIV AMCLI TRANSPLANT SURVEILLANCE GROUP, ANNAPAOLA CALLEGARO AND ANTONIO GOGLIO, Virologia, MICROBIOLOGIA E., Ospedali, Riuniti, Bergamo, Cristina, Giraldi, Microbiologia, Virologia, E., Cosenza, P. O. ANNUNZIATA A. O., Cosenza, GIOVANNA LUNGHI AND ERMINIO TORRESANI, REGINA ELENA, IRCCS OSPEDALE MAGGIORE POLICLINICO MANGIAGALLI E., Milano, WILLIAM GENNARI AND FABIO RUMPIANESI, AZIENDA OSPEDALIERO UNIVERSITARIA DI MODENA, Modena, Giacomo, Fortina, Laboratorio, Virologia, DI MICROBIOLOGIA E., Giorgio, PALÃ™, Abate, DAVIDE ANTONIO, Riccardo, Cusinato, Barzon, Luisa, AZIENDA OSPEDALIERA DI PADOVA, Ospedale, Giustinianeo, Padova, MARIA LINDA VATTERONI, DI VIROLOGIA, U. O., AZIENDA OSPEDALIERA UNIVERSITARIA PISANA, Pisa, AURELIA GAETA AND CARLO MANCINI, Sanarelli, DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE DI SANITÃ€ PUBBLICA G., SEZIONE DI MICROBIOLOGIA, POLICLINICO UMBERTO, I, UNIVERSITÃ€ LA SAPIENZA, Isabella, Abbate, GRAZIA CUSI, M., DIPARTIMENTO DI BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE, POLICLINICO LE SCOTTE, Siena, Corrado, Pipan, ISTITUTO DI IGIENE ED EPIDEMIOLOGIA, Policlinico, Universitario, and Udine
Published: 2009

13. La villa di Torraccia di Chiusi, località Aiano : dati preliminari dalla III campagna di scavo, 2007

Author: UCL - FLTR/ARKE - Département d'archéologie et d'histoire de l'art, Università di Firenze - Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale, Associazione Archeologica Sangimignanese, Università di Siena - Centro di GeoTecnologie, Cavalieri, Marco, Baldini, Giacomo, Ragazzini, Sofia, Bellini, Cristina, Gonnelli, Tiziana, Mariotti, Marta, Novellini, Alessandro, Mainardi Valcarenghi, Gabriele, UCL - FLTR/ARKE - Département d'archéologie et d'histoire de l'art, Università di Firenze - Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale, Associazione Archeologica Sangimignanese, Università di Siena - Centro di GeoTecnologie, Cavalieri, Marco, Baldini, Giacomo, Ragazzini, Sofia, Bellini, Cristina, Gonnelli, Tiziana, Mariotti, Marta, Novellini, Alessandro, and Mainardi Valcarenghi, Gabriele
Published: 2008

14. Improvement of the quality of forest seedlings (Pinus pinea, Pinus halepensis, Pinus nigra subsp. laricio, Quercus suber) and Mediterranean reforestation using controlled mycorrhizal infection (MYCOMED)

Author: Mousain, Daniel, Inra, ., Groupement d'Aix-En-Provence, ., Robin Pépinières, ., Departamento de Patologia Vegetal, ., Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, ., Dipartimento Di Biologia Vegetale, ., Area Tecnica, ., Station de recherches sur les symbiotes des racines, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Robin Pépinières, Partenaires INRAE, Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Universidad de Murcia, Universita di Torino, Forestal Catalana, and ProdInra, Migration
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], PIN PARASOL, CHENE LIEGE, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], PIN NOIR, PINUS PINEA, PIN D'ALEP, PINUS NIGRA LARICIO
Published: 1998

15. Contrasted climate patterns during the Holocene in the central Mediterranean inferred from pollen data

Author: D’oliveira, Léa, Joannin, Sébastien, Ménot, Guillemette, Blache, Marion, Mary, Robles, Dugerdil, Lucas, Brugiapaglia, E, Masi, Alessia, Florenzano, Assunta, Mercuri, Anna, Sadori, Laura, Peyron, Odile, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi del Molise = University of Molise (UNIMOL), Dipartimento di biologia ambientale, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Laboratory of Palynology and Palaeobotany, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy, Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale, Laboratoire de chrono-écologie - CNRS (UMR6565) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)
Subjects: [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract: In the central Mediterranean region, many studies suggest that the Holocene is characterized by complex and different climatic trends on either side of latitude 40°N. This particularity in the regional climate system has been highlighted by multiple proxies showing contrasting trends of climate variations. Chironomid temperature-based reconstructions indicate the presence of a thermal optimum in Italy (10,000-7,000 cal. BP), contradicting the pollen-inferred quantification of Europe. Those discrepancies point to the need for further investigation concerning the Holocene climate of the Mediterranean region. To date, various studies have attempted to quantify the climate signal through different approaches without being able to propose a consistent climate reconstruction between proxies and sites.In this context, and in the frame of the ANR project AUTUMNS-LAMBS, a multi-proxy method (brGDGTs and pollen) has been developed to quantify the Holocene climate in the central Mediterranean through a regional approach using multiple sites in Italy and Greece. We show here the results mainly based on pollen data, which is based on a collection of multiple sites, extracted from international pollen databases (NEOTOMA or European Pollen Database). The pollen-inferred climate is quantified by a multimethod approach, using four different methods (MAT, WAPLS, BRT and RF) and three modern databases (regional and global).This study highlights similar climatic trends and inter-regional differences in the central Mediterranean region. Results show that not all of Europe is marked by a thermal optimum and that a longitudinal climatic gradient (40°N) in the central Mediterranean may have been present through the Holocene. In Italy, pollen and brGDGTs show a thermal optimum in the northern and central regions for the early and mid-Holocene, which is coherent with other proxies such as chironomids. This thermal optimum is less marked in southern regions of Italy, highlighting the climatic differences on either side of latitude 40°N. The late Holocene shows a climate shift between the north and the south, with a central region colder than the northern and southern ones. Moreover, the spatial heterogeneity of the Holocene climate needs to be further investigated for a better understanding of the special and temporal specificity of this climate period.
Published: 2023

16. Sequence diversity and evolution of a group of iflaviruses associated with ticks

Author: Daveu, Romain, Hervet, Caroline, Sigrist, Louane, Sassera, Davide, Jex, Aaron, Labadie, Karine, Aury, Jean-Marc, Plantard, Olivier, Rispe, Claude, Biologie, Epidémiologie et analyse de risque en Santé Animale (BIOEPAR), École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'Lazzaro Spallanzani' = Department of Biology and Biotechnology [Univ di Pavia] (DBB UNIPV), Università degli Studi di Pavia = University of Pavia (UNIPV), The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (WEHI), University of Melbourne, Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work was supported by the Genoscope, the Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA) and France Génomique (ANR-10-INBS-09-08), by the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR): Dipartimenti di Eccellenza Program (2018–2022) – Dept. of Biology and Biotechnology 'L. Spallanzani', University of Pavia (to D.S.), and by a grant from the Institut Carnot France Futur Elevage (XENOBIOTICK project)., Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’, University of Pavia, University of Pavia, and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)
Subjects: Ticks, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Mutation, Viruses, parasitic diseases, Animals, Original Article, Genome, Viral, Biological Evolution, Phylogeny, Cell Line
Abstract: International audience; We studied a group of tick-associated viruses with characteristics of members of the family Iflaviridae , a family of viruses frequently found in arthropods. Our aim was to gain insight into the evolutionary dynamics of this group of viruses, which may be linked to the biology of ticks. We explored assembled RNA-Seq data sets for different species of ticks. We identified members of five different iflavirus species, four of them novel, and discovered nine new genome sequences, including variants. Five variants represented a virus species associated with Ixodes ricinus . Unexpectedly, a sequence found in the Ixodes scapularis cell line ISE6 was nearly identical to the sequences of I. ricinus variants, suggesting a contamination of this cell line by I. ricinus material. Analysing patterns of substitutions between these variants, we detected a strong excess of synonymous mutations, suggesting evolution under strong positive selection. The phylogenies of the viruses and of their tick hosts were not congruent, suggesting recurrent host changes across tick genera during their evolution. Overall, our work constitutes a step in the understanding of the interactions between this family of viruses and ticks.
Published: 2021
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17. Mediterranean rocky reefs in the Anthropocene Mediterranean rocky reefs in the Anthropocene: present status and future concerns

Author: Bevilacqua, Stanislao, Airoldi, Laura, Ballesteros, Enric, Benedetti-Cecchi, Lisandro, Boero, Ferdinando, Bulleri, Fabio, Cebrian, Emma, Cerrano, Carlo, Claudet, Joachim, Colloca, Francesco, Coppari, Martina, Di Franco, Antonio, Fraschetti, Simonetta, Garrabou, Joaquim, Guarnieri, Giuseppe, Guerranti, Cristiana, Guidetti, Paolo, Halpern, Benjamin, Katsanevakis, Stelios, Mangano, Maria Cristina, Micheli, Fiorenza, Milazzo, Marco, Pusceddu, Antonio, Renzi, Monia, Rilov, Gil, Sarà, Gianluca, Terlizzi, Antonio, Università degli studi di Trieste = University of Trieste, Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare [Rome, Italie] (CoNISma), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Polytechnic University of Marche [Ancona, Italy] / Università Politecnica delle Marche [Ancona, Italia], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Institute of Marine Sciences / Institut de Ciències del Mar [Barcelona] (ICM), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Salento [Lecce], National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS), Department of Marine Sciences [Aegean], University of the Aegean, Hopkins Marine Station [Stanford], Stanford University, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Ambiente e della Vita (DISTAV), Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe), Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research (IOLR), University of Trieste, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Padova, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Dipartimento di Biologia, Universita di Pisa, Polytechnic University of Marche [Ancona, Italy], Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Universita degli studi di Genova, and Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research - IOLR (ISRAEL)
Subjects: [SDE]Environmental Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021
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18. Improved reference genome of the arboviral vector Aedes albopictus

Author: J. Spencer Johnston, Pascal Miesen, Maria V. Sharakhova, Omar S. Akbari, D. A. Karagodin, Patrick Masterson, Jay Ghurye, Luciano V. Cosme, Umberto Palatini, Adam M. Phillippy, Anna-Bella Failloux, Ronald P. van Rij, James K. Biedler, Arang Rhie, Igor Antoshechkin, Mariangela Bonizzoni, Jacob E. Crawford, Sergey Koren, Jeremy Jenrette, Adalgisa Caccone, Reem A. Masri, Michele Marconcini, Zhijian Tu, Jeffrey R. Powell, Atashi Sharma, Rebecca Halbach, Stephanie Gamez, Elisa Pischedda, Flavia Krsticevic, Françoise Thibaud-Nissen, Philippos Aris Papathanos, Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'Lazzaro Spallanzani' = Department of Biology and Biotechnology [Univ di Pavia] (DBB UNIPV), Università degli Studi di Pavia = University of Pavia (UNIPV), Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University [Blacksburg], Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology [New Haven], Yale University [New Haven], National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJ), Texas A&M University [College Station], Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Verily Life Sciences Inc, California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Arbovirus et Insectes Vecteurs - Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC), Tomsk State University [Tomsk], National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center [Frederick], U.S. Social Security Administration, The authors would like to thank the following for their financial support of research: European Research Council (ERC-CoG 682394 to M. Bonizzoni, ERC-CoG 615680 to R.P. van Rij), Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (FARE-MIUR project R1623HZAH5 to M. Bonizzoni and Dipartimenti Eccellenza Program 2018–2022 to Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'L. Spallanzani,' University of Pavia), Human Frontiers Science Foundation (Research Grant number RGP0007/2017) to M. Bonizzoni and R.P. van Rij, National Institutes of Health (R21AI135258 to M. Sharakova, 1R01AI151004-01 and 1DP2AI152071-01 to O.S. Akbari, R01AI32409 to A. Caccone), Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) Safe Genes Program Grant (HR0011-17-2-0047) to O.S. Akbari, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (VICI grant number 016.VICI.170.090) to R.P. van Rij, Israeli Ministry of Science and Technology (3-16795 to P.A. Papathanos), Intramural Research Program of the National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health to J. Ghurye, A. Rhie, and A.M. Phillippy, Intramural Research Program of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health to F. Thibaud-Niessen, generous UCSD lab. startup funds to O.S. Akbari., We would like to thank Francesca Scolari and Patrizia Chiari for the mosquito maintenance., European Project: 682394,H2020,ERC-2015-CoG,NIRV_HOST_INT(2016), European Project: 615680,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-CoG,VIVARNASILENCING(2014), Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’, University of Pavia, University of Pavia, Institut Pasteur [Paris], and University of California
Subjects: lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 4], Sequence assembly, Viral integrations, Genome, 0302 clinical medicine, Genome Size, Aedes, Population differentiation, lcsh:QH301-705.5, 0303 health sciences, Chromosome Mapping, Biological Sciences, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, miRNAs, Infection, Sex locus, Biotechnology, Aedes albopictus, lcsh:QH426-470, albopictus, Bioinformatics, Developmental transcriptome, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, Ae, Locus (genetics), Mosquito Vectors, Computational biology, Biology, Small Interfering, Chromosomes, DNA sequencing, Vaccine Related, 03 medical and health sciences, Rare Diseases, All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center, Underpinning research, Biodefense, Information and Computing Sciences, Genetics, Animals, Ae. albopictus, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, Prevention, Research, Human Genome, fungi, Immunity, biology.organism_classification, Human genetics, Insect Vectors, Vector-Borne Diseases, lcsh:Genetics, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Good Health and Well Being, lcsh:Biology (General), RNA, Generic health relevance, Transcriptome, Arboviruses, Environmental Sciences, piRNA clusters, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Reference genome
Abstract: Background The Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus is globally expanding and has become the main vector for human arboviruses in Europe. With limited antiviral drugs and vaccines available, vector control is the primary approach to prevent mosquito-borne diseases. A reliable and accurate DNA sequence of the Ae. albopictus genome is essential to develop new approaches that involve genetic manipulation of mosquitoes. Results We use long-read sequencing methods and modern scaffolding techniques (PacBio, 10X, and Hi-C) to produce AalbF2, a dramatically improved assembly of the Ae. albopictus genome. AalbF2 reveals widespread viral insertions, novel microRNAs and piRNA clusters, the sex-determining locus, and new immunity genes, and enables genome-wide studies of geographically diverse Ae. albopictus populations and analyses of the developmental and stage-dependent network of expression data. Additionally, we build the first physical map for this species with 75% of the assembled genome anchored to the chromosomes. Conclusion The AalbF2 genome assembly represents the most up-to-date collective knowledge of the Ae. albopictus genome. These resources represent a foundation to improve understanding of the adaptation potential and the epidemiological relevance of this species and foster the development of innovative control measures.
Published: 2020
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19. Polymorphism analyses and protein modelling inform on functional specialization of Piwi clade genes in the arboviral vector Aedes albopictus

Author: Luis Hernandez, Mariangela Bonizzoni, Bradley J. White, Giuseppe Iovino, Teresa Lin, Umberto Palatini, Anna-Bella Failloux, Lino Ometto, Federico Forneris, Federica Valerio, Michele Marconcini, Jacob E. Crawford, Elisa Pischedda, Vincent Houé, Rebeca Carballar-Lejarazú, Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'Lazzaro Spallanzani' = Department of Biology and Biotechnology [Univ di Pavia] (DBB UNIPV), Università degli Studi di Pavia = University of Pavia (UNIPV), Arbovirus et Insectes Vecteurs - Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Verily Life Sciences Inc, This research was funded by a European Research Council Consolidator Grant (ERCCoG) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Programme (Grant Number ERCCoG 682394) to M.B., by the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research FARE-MIUR project R1623HZAH5 to M.B., by the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR): Dipartimenti Eccellenza Program (2018–2022) Dept. of Biology and Biotechnology 'L. Spallanzani', University of Pavia., We thank Monica Ruth Waghacore for insectary work. We thank Verily for having generated libraries and sequenced the mosquitoes from Tapachula and Tampon., Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’, University of Pavia, University of Pavia, and Institut Pasteur [Paris]
Subjects: RNA viruses, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Viral Diseases, RC955-962, Gene Expression, Disease Vectors, Dengue virus, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, medicine.disease_cause, Biochemistry, Mosquitoes, Database and Informatics Methods, 0302 clinical medicine, Sequence alignment, Aedes, Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, Viral gene expression, Medicine and Health Sciences, Melanogaster, Small interfering RNAs, Chikungunya, Conserved Sequence, Genetics, biology, Microbial Genetics, Eukaryota, Animal Models, Argonaute, Insects, Nucleic acids, Ovaries, Infectious Diseases, Drosophila melanogaster, Experimental Organism Systems, Medical Microbiology, Viral Pathogens, Viruses, Argonaute Proteins, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Viral Genetics, Insect Proteins, Drosophila, Female, Chikungunya infection, Pathogens, Anatomy, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Sequence Analysis, Chikungunya virus, Research Article, Neglected Tropical Diseases, endocrine system, Aedes albopictus, Arthropoda, Genotype, Bioinformatics, Alphaviruses, 030231 tropical medicine, Piwi-interacting RNA, Mosquito Vectors, Research and Analysis Methods, Microbiology, Togaviruses, Evolution, Molecular, 03 medical and health sciences, Model Organisms, Virology, medicine, Animals, Non-coding RNA, Microbial Pathogens, Gene, urogenital system, Gene Expression Profiling, Organisms, Reproductive System, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Biology and Life Sciences, Genetic Variation, Tropical Diseases, biology.organism_classification, Invertebrates, Insect Vectors, Gene regulation, Species Interactions, 030104 developmental biology, Animal Studies, RNA
Abstract: Current knowledge of the piRNA pathway is based mainly on studies on Drosophila melanogaster where three proteins of the Piwi subclade of the Argonaute family interact with PIWI-interacting RNAs to silence transposable elements in gonadal tissues. In mosquito species that transmit epidemic arboviruses such as dengue and chikungunya viruses, Piwi clade genes underwent expansion, are also expressed in the soma and cross-talk with proteins of recognized antiviral function cannot be excluded for some Piwi proteins. These observations underscore the importance of expanding our knowledge of the piRNA pathway beyond the model organism D. melanogaster. Here we focus on the emerging arboviral vector Aedes albopictus and we couple traditional approaches of expression and adaptive evolution analyses with most current computational predictions of protein structure to study evolutionary divergence among Piwi clade proteins. Superposition of protein homology models indicate possible high structure similarity among all Piwi proteins, with high levels of amino acid conservation in the inner regions devoted to RNA binding. On the contrary, solvent-exposed surfaces showed low conservation, with several sites under positive selection. Analysis of the expression profiles of Piwi transcripts during mosquito development and following infection with dengue serotype 1 or chikungunya viruses showed a concerted elicitation of all Piwi transcripts during viral dissemination of dengue viruses while maintenance of infection relied on expression of primarily Piwi5. Opposite, establishment of persistent infection by chikungunya virus is accompanied by increased expression of all Piwi genes, particularly Piwi4 and, again, Piwi5. Overall these results are consistent with functional specialization and a general antiviral role for Piwi5. Experimental evidences of sites under positive selection in Piwi1/3, Piwi4 and Piwi6, that have complex expression profiles, provide useful knowledge to design tailored functional experiments., Author summary Argonautes are ancient proteins involved in many cellular processes, including innate immunity. Early in eukaryote evolution, Argonautes separated into Ago and Piwi clades, which maintain a dynamic evolutionary history with frequent duplications and losses. The use of Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism proved fundamental to understand the function of Argonautes. However, recent studies showed that the patterns and observations made in D. melanogaster, including the number of Argonautes, their expression profile and their function, are a rarity among Dipterans. In vectors of epidemic arboviruses such as dengue and chikungunya viruses, Piwi genes underwent expansion, are expressed in the soma, and some of them appear to have antiviral functions. Besides being an important basic question, the identification of which (and how) Piwi genes have antiviral functions may be used for the development of novel genetic-based strategies of vector control. Here we coupled population genetics models with computational predictions of protein structure and expression analyses to investigate the evolution and function of Piwi genes of the emerging vector Aedes albopictus. Our data support a general antiviral role for Piwi5. Instead, the detection of complex expression profiles with the presence of sites under positive selection in Piwi1/3, Piwi4 and Piwi6 requires tailored functional experiments to clarify their antiviral role.
Published: 2019
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20. The Genomic Impact of European Colonization of the Americas

Author: Alessandro Raveane, Shahlo Turdikulova, Donata Luiselli, Pongsakorn Wangkumhang, Marta E. Alarcón-Riquelme, Francesco Montinaro, Guido Alberto Gnecchi-Ruscone, Damir Marjanović, Mait Metspalu, Sarabjit S. Mastana, Oleg Balanovsky, Alessandro Achilli, Antonio Torroni, Lejla Kovacevic, L. A. Atramentova, Anna Olivieri, Maria Fernanda Lima-Costa, Linda Ongaro, Cristian Capelli, Toomas Kivisild, Bernardo L. Horta, Nédio Mabunda, Marilia O. Scliar, Roy J. King, Etienne Patin, Kristiina Tambets, Garrett Hellenthal, Mauricio Lima Barreto, Celia A. May, Miguel Gonzalez-Santos, Andreja Leskovac, Andrés Moreno-Estrada, Eduardo Tarazona-Santos, Alexandre C. Pereira, Rodrigo Flores, Anastasia Kouvatsi, Luca Pagani, Stefania Sarno, Elena Balanovska, Ornella Semino, Davide Marnetto, Ongaro L., Scliar M.O., Flores R., Raveane A., Marnetto D., Sarno S., Gnecchi-Ruscone G.A., Alarcon-Riquelme M.E., Patin E., Wangkumhang P., Hellenthal G., Gonzalez-Santos M., King R.J., Kouvatsi A., Balanovsky O., Balanovska E., Atramentova L., Turdikulova S., Mastana S., Marjanovic D., Mulahasanovic L., Leskovac A., Lima-Costa M.F., Pereira A.C., Barreto M.L., Horta B.L., Mabunda N., May C.A., Moreno-Estrada A., Achilli A., Olivieri A., Semino O., Tambets K., Kivisild T., Luiselli D., Torroni A., Capelli C., Tarazona-Santos E., Metspalu M., Pagani L., Montinaro F., Institute of Genomics [Tartu, Estonia], University of Tartu, Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'Lazzaro Spallanzani' = Department of Biology and Biotechnology [Univ di Pavia] (DBB UNIPV), Università degli Studi di Pavia = University of Pavia (UNIPV), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History (MPI-SHH), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Reearch (GENYO), Génétique Evolutive Humaine - Human Evolutionary Genetics, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University College of London [London] (UCL), University of Oxford, Stanford University School of Medicine [CA, USA], Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University (KhNU), Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry [Tashkent, Uzbekistan], Academy of Sciences of Republic of Uzbekistan, Loughborough University, International Burch University [Sarajevo], University of Belgrade [Belgrade], Fundação Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Universidade Federal de Pelotas = Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Instituto Nacional de Saude [Maputo, Mozambique] (INS), University of Leicester, National Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity (LANGEBIO), Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'L. Spallanzani', Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), University of Bologna/Università di Bologna, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais [Belo Horizonte] (UFMG), University of São Paulo (USP), Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’, University of Pavia, University of Pavia, BIGEA, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford [Oxford], Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), and University of Bologna
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, admixture history of the America, Human genetic variation, Colonialism, Atlantic Slave Trade, Gene flow, 0302 clinical medicine, Colonization, European colonization, African Continental Ancestry Group, 0303 health sciences, Genome, Middle East, Geography, Caribbean Region, Genetic structure, Ethnology, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Atlantic slave trade, Human, MESH: Caribbean Region, Gene Flow, American Native Continental Ancestry Group, Demographic history, European Continental Ancestry Group, Black People, Biology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, White People, 03 medical and health sciences, sex-biased admixture, Humans, admixture history of the Americas, MESH: Gene Flow, MESH: Genome, Human, American Indian or Alaska Native, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Central America, MESH: Humans, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Central America, North America, South America, Genome, Human, MESH: South America, MESH: North America, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: The complexity of the admixture dynamics that shaped American populations is unveiled by Ongaro et al., where genetic data for more than 12,000 individuals from the continents are investigated. This study evaluates the dramatic impact of events after the colonial era, revealing a spatial and temporal heterogeneity and mirroring historical records. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd The human genetic diversity of the Americas has been affected by several events of gene flow that have continued since the colonial era and the Atlantic slave trade. Moreover, multiple waves of migration followed by local admixture occurred in the last two centuries, the impact of which has been largely unexplored. Here, we compiled a genome-wide dataset of ∼12,000 individuals from twelve American countries and ∼6,000 individuals from worldwide populations and applied haplotype-based methods to investigate how historical movements from outside the New World affected (1) the genetic structure, (2) the admixture profile, (3) the demographic history, and (4) sex-biased gene-flow dynamics of the Americas. We revealed a high degree of complexity underlying the genetic contribution of European and African populations in North and South America, from both geographic and temporal perspectives, identifying previously unreported sources related to Italy, the Middle East, and to specific regions of Africa. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd Preprint version of the article: "The genomic impact of European colonization of the Americas", posted June 28, 2019 on bioRxiv. Article is now published in Current Biology doi: [dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.09.076]. Published version on this repository: [http://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/8654].
Published: 2019
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21. Novel budding mode in Polyandrocarpa zorritensis: a model for comparative studies on asexual development and whole body regeneration

Author: Scelzo, Marta, Alié, Alexandre, Pagnotta, Sophie, Lejeune, Camille, Henry, Pauline, Gilletta, Laurent, Hiebert, Laurel, Mastrototaro, Francesco, Tiozzo, Stefano, Ballarin, L, Burighel, P., Zaniolo, G., Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche sur mer (LBDV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SAS PIGM'Azur, SAS PIGM'AZUR, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Dipartimento di Biologia, Universita degli Studi di Padova, GRAMAT (DAM/GRAMAT), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Centre Commun de Microscopie Appliquée (CCMA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA), Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, and Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Bari
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Ascidians, Zooid, Ascidian, Evolution, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Evolution, Apoptosis, Colonial life cycle, Tunicate, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Styelidae, 03 medical and health sciences, Botryllus, lcsh:QH359-425, Genetics, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Budding, biology, Research, Regeneration (biology), Non-embryonic development, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.BDD.EO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology/Embryology and Organogenesis, Epidermis (zoology), Blastogenesis, Evolutionary biology, Vasal budding, Developmental biology, Developmental Biology
Abstract: Background In tunicates, the capacity to build an adult body via non-embryonic development (NED), i.e., asexual budding and whole body regeneration, has been gained or lost several times across the whole subphylum. A recent phylogeny of the family Styelidae revealed an independent acquisition of NED in the colonial species Polyandrocarpa zorritensis and highlighted a novel budding mode. In this paper, we provide the first detailed characterization of the asexual life cycle of P. zorritensis. Results Bud formation occurs along a tubular protrusion of the adult epidermis, the stolon, in a vascularized area defined as budding nest. The bud arises through a folding of the epithelia of the stolon with the contribution of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells. This previously unreported mode of bud onset leads to the formation of a double vesicle, which starts to develop into a zooid through morphogenetic mechanisms common to other Styelidae. The budding nest can also continue to accumulate nutrients and develop into a round-shaped structure, designated as spherule, which represents a dormant form able to survive low temperatures. Conclusions To understand the mechanisms of NED and their evolution, it is fundamental to start from a robust phylogenetic framework in order to select relevant species to compare. The anatomical description of P. zorritensis NED provides the foundation for future comparative studies on plasticity of budding and regeneration in tunicates. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13227-019-0121-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Published: 2019
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22. Population structure of modern-day Italians reveals patterns of ancient and archaic ancestries in Southern Europe

Author: Simona Barlera, Giovanni Birolo, Simon Myers, Viola Grugni, Vincenzo Lorenzo Pascali, Andrea Angius, Mait Metspalu, Francesca Brisighelli, Antonio Torroni, Francesco Montinaro, Hovirag Lancioni, Luísa Pereira, Antonella Mulas, Mohammed Melhaoui, Alessandro Achilli, Serena Aneli, Mohammed Cherkaoui, Peristera Paschou, M. Peyret-Guzzon, Pilar Galan, Giorgio B. Boncoraglio, A. M. Di Blasio, Stéphane Mazières, C. Di Gaetano, Garrett Hellenthal, Giuseppe Matullo, George Stamatoyannopoulos, Joanna Giemza, J. Di Cristofaro, Magdalena Zoledziewska, Irene Cardinali, Georgios Athanasiadis, Cristian Capelli, François-Xavier Ricaut, Jacques Chiaroni, Anna Olivieri, Alessandro Raveane, Luca Pagani, Toomas Kivisild, Abdellatif Baali, Nicolas Brucato, Christian Dina, Jean-Michel Dugoujon, Clare Bycroft, Alberto Piazza, Silvia Parolo, Francesco Cucca, Ornella Semino, Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’, University of Pavia, University of Pavia, University of Oxford [Oxford], Aarhus University [Aarhus], Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Fondazione 'Istituto Neurologico Nazionale C. Mondino'-Fondazione 'Istituto Neurologico Nazionale C. Mondino', University of Turin, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Dipartimento di Genetica, Biologica e Biochimica, Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Georgia Tech - CNRS [Metz] (UMI2958), Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Arts et Metiers Metz-SUPELEC-Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta]-Georgia Institute of Technology [Lorraine, France]-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Etablissement Français du Sang - Alpes-Méditerranée (EFS - Alpes-Méditerranée), Etablissement Français du Sang, Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé (ADES), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-EFS ALPES MEDITERRANEE-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génétique des maladies multifactorielles (GMM), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (UREN), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologica, Università di Pavia, Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Raveane, A, Aneli, S, Montinaro, F, Athanasiadis, G, Barlera, S, Birolo, G, Boncoraglio, G, Di Blasio, A, Di Gaetano, C, Pagani, L, Parolo, S, Paschou, P, Piazza, A, Stamatoyannopoulos, G, Angius, A, Brucato, N, Cucca, F, Hellenthal, G, Mulas, A, Peyret-Guzzon, M, Zoledziewska, M, Baali, A, Bycroft, C, Cherkaoui, M, Chiaroni, J, Di Cristofaro, J, Dina, C, Dugoujon, J, Galan, P, Giemza, J, Kivisild, T, Mazieres, S, Melhaoui, M, Metspalu, M, Myers, S, Pereira, L, Ricaut, F, Brisighelli, F, Cardinali, I, Grugni, V, Lancioni, H, Pascali, V, Torroni, A, Semino, O, Matullo, G, Achilli, A, Olivieri, A, Capelli, C, Mazières, Stéphane, Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'Lazzaro Spallanzani' = Department of Biology and Biotechnology [Univ di Pavia] (DBB UNIPV), Università degli Studi di Pavia = University of Pavia (UNIPV), University of Oxford, Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Georgia Tech Lorraine [Metz], Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Arts et Metiers Metz-Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta]-Ecole Supérieure d'Electricité - SUPELEC (FRANCE)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Università degli Studi di Pavia, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), and Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: SELECTION, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, Distribution (economics), Population genetics, Neanderthal genome project, 0302 clinical medicine, Peninsula, HISTORY, Databases, Genetic, ADAPTATION, Research Articles, History, Ancient, media_common, Neanderthals, MODERN HUMANS, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, geography.geographical_feature_category, POPULATION GENETICS, GENOMICS, EUROPE, Population Genetic, SciAdv r-articles, ASSOCIATION, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, Multidisciplinary Sciences, ADMIXTURE, Geography, Italy, Ethnology, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Neanderthals / genetics, Research Article, EUROPE, MIGRATION, media_common.quotation_subject, Pastoralism, Human Genetic, Settore BIO/08 - ANTROPOLOGIA, GENETIC-STRUCTURE, SEQUENCE, White People, 03 medical and health sciences, Bronze Age, POPULATION GENETICS, Genetic variation, Animals, Humans, DNA, Ancient, European Continental Ancestry Group / genetics, 030304 developmental biology, Science & Technology, business.industry, Genome, Human, Genetic Drift, Human Genetics, Anthropology, GENOME-WIDE PATTERNS, business, GENOMICS, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Diversity (politics), Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract: A population in a natural crossroad within Europe reveals multiple ancient contributions and substantial population structure., European populations display low genetic differentiation as the result of long-term blending of their ancient founding ancestries. However, it is unclear how the combination of ancient ancestries related to early foragers, Neolithic farmers, and Bronze Age nomadic pastoralists can explain the distribution of genetic variation across Europe. Populations in natural crossroads like the Italian peninsula are expected to recapitulate the continental diversity, but have been systematically understudied. Here, we characterize the ancestry profiles of Italian populations using a genome-wide dataset representative of modern and ancient samples from across Italy, Europe, and the rest of the world. Italian genomes capture several ancient signatures, including a non–steppe contribution derived ultimately from the Caucasus. Differences in ancestry composition, as the result of migration and admixture, have generated in Italy the largest degree of population structure detected so far in the continent, as well as shaping the amount of Neanderthal DNA in modern-day populations.
Published: 2019
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23. Integrated geochronology of Acheulian sites from the southern Latium (central Italy): Insights on human-environment interaction and the technological innovations during the MIS 11-MIS 10 period

Author: Pereira, Alison, Nomade, Sébastien, Moncel, Marie Hélène, Voinchet, Pierre, Bahain, Jean Jacques, Biddittu, Italo, Falguères, Christophe, Giaccio, Biagio, Manzi, Giorgio, Parenti, Fabio, Scardia, Giancarlo, Scao, Vincent, Sottili, Gianluca, Vietti, Amina, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Préhistoire du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Préhistoire, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Institut de Paléontologie Humaine (IPH), Fondation I.P.H-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Museo Preistorico di Pofi, Pofi, Institut de Paléontologie Humaine, Dipartimento di biologia ambientale, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' [Rome], DEPLAN/IGCE/UNESP, Instituto de Geociencias e Ciencias Exatas, Universidade de São Paulo (USP)-Unesp, Istituto di Geologia Ambientale e Geoingegneria, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Paléocéanographie (PALEOCEAN), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Universidade de São Paulo (USP)-Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho = São Paulo State University (UNESP), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique ( HNHP ), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Université de Perpignan Via Domitia ( UPVD ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] ( LSCE ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ), Institut de Paléontologie Humaine ( IPH ), Fondation I.P.H-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Universidade de São Paulo ( USP ) -Unesp, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ( CNR ), UMR 7194 du CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Ecole française de Rome, Istituto italiano di Paleontologia Umana, CNR, Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Torino, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP)-Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho = São Paulo State University (UNESP), Istituto di Geologia Ambientale e Geoingegneria (IGAG), and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: Marine isotope stage, [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 010506 paleontology, Archeology, Pleistocene, Holocene climatic optimum, ESR on bleached quartz, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Human environment interaction, Ar, 39, ESR/U-series, Latium, Technical analysis, [ SDU.ENVI ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 40 39 Ar/ Ar, 40Ar/39Ar, technical analysis, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Global and Planetary Change, Series (stratigraphy), geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Geology, Archaeology, Volcano, Geochronology, Period (geology)
Abstract: Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T16:52:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-05-01 We have explored the multimethod approach combining 40Ar/39Ar on single crystal, ESR on bleached quartz, and ESR/U-series on teeth to improve the age of four neighbours “Acheulian” sites of the Frosinone Province (Latium, Italy): Fontana Ranuccio, Cava Pompi (Pofi), Isoletta, and Lademagne. Ages obtained by the three methods are in mutual agreement and confirm the potential of dating with confidence Middle Pleistocene sites of Italy using these methods. At Fontana Ranuccio, the 40Ar/39Ar age (408 ± 10 ka, full external error at 2σ) obtained for the archaeological level (unit FR4) and geochemical analyses of glass shards performed on the Unit FR2a layer allow us to attribute the studied volcanic material to the Pozzolane Nere volcanic series, a well-known caldera-forming event originated from the Colli Albani volcanic district. These new data ascribe the Fontana Ranuccio site, as well as the eponym faunal unit, to the climatic optimum of Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 11. Ages obtained for the Cava Pompi, Isoletta, and Lademagne sites cover a relatively short period of time between 408 ka and 375 ka, spanning MIS 11 climatic optimum to the MIS 11–10 transition. Analysis of small collections of lithic industries, bifacial tools, and small cores technologies from Isoletta, Lademagne, and the neighbour site of Ceprano-Campogrande shows common technical strategies for the period comprised between MIS 11 and MIS 9 (410–325 ka), such as the elaboration of flaked elephant bone industries found over the whole Latium region. However, some features found only in the Frosinone province area, like large-sized bifaces, suggest particular regional behaviours. The presence of one Levallois core in the oldest layer of Lademagne (i.e. > 405 ± 9 ka) suggests a punctual practice of this technology, also proposed as early as MIS 10/11 in the neighbour site of Guado San Nicola (Molise) in central Italy. Département Hommes et Environnements Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle UMR 7194 du CNRS, 1 rue René Panhard Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement LSCE/IPSL CEA-CNRS-UVSQ Université Paris-Saclay Sezione di Scienze Preistoriche e Antropologiche Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici Università degli Studi di Ferrara, C.so Ercole d'Este I, 32 Ecole française de Rome, Piazza Farnese Istituto italiano di Paleontologia Umana, Piazza Ruggero Bonghi, 2 Istituto di Geologia Ambientale e Geoingegneria CNR Sapienza Universita di Roma Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 Universidade Federal do Paraná Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas Sapienza Università di Roma Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 Dipartimento di chimica Università degli Studi di Torino Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas
Published: 2018
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24. Targeted therapy of human glioblastoma via delivery of a toxin through a peptide directed to cell surface nucleolin

Author: Loredana Cristiano, Andrea Antonosante, Renato Galzio, Anne Chloe Dhez, Marina Melone, Elisabetta Benedetti, Luana Di Leandro, Luca Federici, Michele d'Angelo, Francesco Angelucci, Annamaria Cimini, Gloria Panella, Fabio Raineri, José Courty, T. Florio, Francesco Giansanti, Rodolfo Ippoliti, Antonella De Cola, Ilaria Cascone, Brigida Ranieri, Antonio Giordano, Department of Biochemical Sciences 'Rossi Fanelli', Institut Pasteur, Fondation Cenci Bolognetti - Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Dipartimento di Biologia di Base e Applicata, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila (UNIVAQ), Dipartimento Sci Biochim, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Croissance cellulaire, réparation et régénération tissulaires (CRRET), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire CRRET, EAC/CNRS-7149, Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Dipartimento di Biologia di Base ed Applicata, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Università degli Studi dell'Aquila = University of L'Aquila (UNIVAQ), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Dhez, A, Benedetti, E, Antonosante, A, Panella, G, Ranieri, B, Florio, T, Cristiano, L, Angelucci, F, Giansanti, F, Di Leandro, L, D'Angelo, M, Melone, Ma, De Cola, A, Federici, L, Galzio, R, Cascone, I, Raineri, F, Cimini, A, Courty, J, Giordano, A, and Ippoliti, R.
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, glioblastoma, NucAnt (N6L), nucleolin, saporin, targeted therapy, Physiology, Clinical Biochemistry, Cell Biology, Saporin, medicine.medical_treatment, media_common.quotation_subject, Cell, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Biology, Targeted therapy, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, In vivo, Cell Line, Tumor, medicine, Animals, Humans, Molecular Targeted Therapy, Internalization, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Cell Proliferation, media_common, Neovascularization, Pathologic, Cell Membrane, RNA-Binding Proteins, Phosphoproteins, Saporins, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, Molecular biology, Nucleolin, In vitro, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cancer cell, Cancer research, biology.protein, Peptides
Abstract: Targeted anticancer therapies demand discovery of new cellular targets to be exploited for the delivery of toxic molecules and drugs. In this perspective, in the last few years, nucleolin has been identified as an interesting surface marker to be used for the therapy of glioblastoma. In this study, we investigated whether a synthetic antagonist of cell-surface nucleolin known as N6L, previously reported to decrease both tumour growth and tumour angiogenesis in several cancer cell lines, including glioblastoma cells, as well as endothelial cells proliferation, could be exploited to deliver a protein toxin (saporin) to glioblastoma cells. The pseudopeptide N6L cross-linked to saporin-S6 induced internalization of the toxin inside glioblastoma cancer cells. Our results in vitro demonstrated the effectiveness of this conjugate in inducing cell death, with an ID50 four orders of magnitude lower than that observed for free N6L. Furthermore, the preliminary "in vivo" study demonstrated efficiency in reducing the tumour mass in an orthotopic mouse model of glioblastoma
Published: 2018
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25. Andrea Benazzo, Emiliano Trucchi, James A. Cahill, Pierpaolo Maisano Delser, Stefano Mona, Matteo Fumagalli, View ORCID ProfileLynsey Bunnefeld, Luca Cornetti, Silvia Ghirotto, Matteo Girardi, Lino Ometto, Alex Panziera, Omar Rota-Stabelli, Enrico Zanetti, Alexandros Karamanlidis, Claudio Groff, Ladislav Paule, Leonardo Gentile, View ORCID ProfileCarles Vilà, Saverio Vicario, Luigi Boitani, View ORCID ProfileLudovic Orlando, Silvia Fuselli, Cristiano Vernesi, View ORCID ProfileBeth Shapiro, View ORCID ProfilePaolo Ciucci, and Giorgio Bertorelle

Author: Giorgio Bertorelle, Lynsey Bunnefeld, Lino Ometto, Alexandros A. Karamanlidis, Pierpaolo Maisano Delser, Enrico Zanetti, Omar Rota-Stabelli, Ludovic Orlando, Cristiano Vernesi, Stefano Mona, Matteo Fumagalli, Leonardo Gentile, James A. Cahill, Luca Cornetti, Silvia Ghirotto, Andrea Benazzo, Claudio Groff, Emiliano Trucchi, Paolo Ciucci, Silvia Fuselli, Beth Shapiro, Carles Vilà, Alex Panziera, Ladislav Paule, Luigi Boitani, Saverio Vicario, Matteo Girardi, Vodafone, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Università degli Studi di Ferrara = University of Ferrara (UniFE), Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences [Oslo], Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO)-Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Dept of Genetics, Evolution and Environment [London] (UCL-GEE), University College of London [London] (UCL), Fondazione Edmund Mach - Functional genomics, Fondazione Edmund Mach - Edmund Mach Foundation [Italie] (FEM), Biology and Evolution, University of Ferrara, Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'Lazzaro Spallanzani' = Department of Biology and Biotechnology [Univ di Pavia] (DBB UNIPV), Università degli Studi di Pavia = University of Pavia (UNIPV), Dipartimento di Biologia ed Evoluzione, University of Milano, Czech University of Life Science, and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: balancing selection, genetic drift, genetic load, ursus arctos, neolithic impact, 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Rome, Genetic load, Balancing selection, BIASED DISPERSAL, 01 natural sciences, Inbreeding depression, Amino Acids, Phylogeny, Extinction vortex, Neolithic impact, education.field_of_study, Genome, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, Population size, Genomics, Mitochondrial, Ursus arctos, Aggression, Multidisciplinary Sciences, Fixation (population genetics), PNAS Plus, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Sequence Analysis, Ursidae, GENETIC RESCUE, INBREEDING DEPRESSION, Life on Land, POPULATION-SIZE, Settore BIO/18 - GENETICA, Population, COPY-NUMBER VARIATION, Biology, SPATIAL-PATTERNS, 010603 evolutionary biology, NO, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetic drift, EXTINCTION VORTEX, MD Multidisciplinary, Genetics, Animals, education, Alleles, Population Density, LAND-COVER CHANGE, balancing selection, genetic drift, genetic load,Ursus arctos, Neolithic impact, Science & Technology, Human Genome, Genetic Variation, URSUS-ARCTOS, Small population size, balance selection, Sequence Analysis, DNA, DNA, 030104 developmental biology, Evolutionary biology, NATAL DISPERSAL, Genome, Mitochondrial, genetic drift, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: About 100 km east of Rome, in the central Apennine Mountains, a critically endangered population of ∼50 brown bears live in complete isolation. Mating outside this population is prevented by several 100 km of bear-free territories. We exploited this natural experiment to better understand the gene and genomic consequences of surviving at extremely small population size. We found that brown bear populations in Europe lost connectivity since Neolithic times, when farming communities expanded and forest burning was used for land clearance. In central Italy, this resulted in a 40-fold population decline. The overall genomic impact of this decline included the complete loss of variation in the mitochondrial genome and along long stretches of the nuclear genome. Several private and deleterious amino acid changes were fixed by random drift; predicted effects include energy deficit, muscle weakness, anomalies in cranial and skeletal development, and reduced aggressiveness. Despite this extreme loss of diversity, Apennine bear genomes show nonrandom peaks of high variation, possibly maintained by balancing selection, at genomic regions significantly enriched for genes associated with immune and olfactory systems. Challenging the paradigm of increased extinction risk in small populations, we suggest that random fixation of deleterious alleles (i) can be an important driver of divergence in isolation, (ii) can be tolerated when balancing selection prevents random loss of variation at important genes, and (iii) is followed by or results directly in favorable behavioral changes., Financial support for the collection of the samples was provided by Vodafone Greece and the Vodafone Group Foundation. Fondo Ateneo Ricerca (FAR) grants from the University of Ferrara supported the study. P.M.D. was funded by Agence Nationale de la Recherche Demochips Grant ANR-12-BSV7-0012.
Published: 2017
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26. Design of Anti-infectious Agents from Lawsone in a Three-Component Reaction with Aldehydes and Isocyanides

Author: Christina L. Koumpoura, Michel Nguyen, Christian Bijani, Laure Vendier, Elena G. Salina, Silvia Buroni, Giulia Degiacomi, Sandrine Cojean, Philippe M. Loiseau, Françoise Benoit-Vical, Alfonso T. García-Sosa, null Anne Robert, Michel Baltas, Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), New Antimalarial Molecules and Pharmacological Approaches (ERL1289), Centre d'investigation clinique de Toulouse (CIC 1436), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Pôle Santé publique et médecine publique [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'Lazzaro Spallanzani' = Department of Biology and Biotechnology [Univ di Pavia] (DBB UNIPV), Università degli Studi di Pavia = University of Pavia (UNIPV), Biomolécules : Conception, Isolement, Synthèse (BioCIS), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), University of Tartu, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM), Paris Saclay University, Estonian Research Council, Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR), University of Pavia, Gulli, Marie-Hélène, Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Pôle Santé publique et médecine publique [CHU Toulouse]
Subjects: Aldehydes, Inorganic carbon compounds, General Chemical Engineering, Multicomponent reactions, [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Reaction products, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, General Chemistry, Carbon
Abstract: International audience; The first effective synthetic approach to naphthofuroquinones via a reaction involving lawsone, various aldehydes, and three isocyanides under microwave irradiation afforded derivatives in moderate to good yields. In addition, for less-reactive aldehydes, two naphtho-enaminodione quinones were obtained for the first time, as result of condensation between lawsone and isocyanides. X-ray structure determination for 9 and 2D-NMR spectra of 28 confirmed the obtained structures. All compounds were evaluated for their anti-infectious activities against Plasmodium falciparum, Leishmania donovani, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Among the naphthofuroquinone series, 17 exhibited comparatively the best activity against P. falciparum (IC50 = 2.5 μM) and M. tuberculosis (MIC = 9 μM) with better (P. falciparum) or equivalent (M. tuberculosis) values to already-known naphthofuroquinone compounds. Among the two naphtho-enaminodione quinones, 28 exhibited a moderate activity against P. falciparum with a good selectivity index (SI > 36) while also a very high potency against L. donovani (IC50 = 3.5 μM and SI > 28), rendering it very competitive to the reference drug miltefosine. All compounds were studied through molecular modeling on their potential targets for P. falciparum, Pfbc1, and PfDHODH, where 17 showed the most favorable interactions.
Published: 2022
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27. Evaluation of the inhibitory activity of (aza)isoindolinone-type compounds: toward in vitro InhA action, Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth and mycolic acid biosynthesis

Author: Jean-Luc Stigliani, Vania Bernardes-Génisson, Maria Rosalia Pasca, Geneviève Pratviel, Giorgia Mori, Jean Bernadou, Annaïk Quémard, Christian Lherbet, Patricia Constant, Aurélien Chollet, Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique (SPCMIB), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’, University of Pavia, University of Pavia, Institut de pharmacologie et de biologie structurale (IPBS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'Lazzaro Spallanzani' = Department of Biology and Biotechnology [Univ di Pavia] (DBB UNIPV), Università degli Studi di Pavia = University of Pavia (UNIPV), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Antitubercular Agents, Reductase, Isoindoles, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, law.invention, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, (aza)isoindolinone, mycolic acid biosynthesis, Structure-Activity Relationship, Bacterial Proteins, law, Drug Discovery, Structure–activity relationship, [CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistry, Binding site, Pharmacology, Binding Sites, biology, 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, INHA, Organic Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, Enoyl-(Acyl-Carrier-Protein) Reductase (NADH), In vitro, Recombinant Proteins, 0104 chemical sciences, 3. Good health, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Molecular Docking Simulation, Mycolic Acids, Docking (molecular), docking, Recombinant DNA, Molecular Medicine, InhA inhibition, Thermodynamics
Abstract: International audience; Inhibitors of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis enoyl-ACP reductase (InhA) are considered as potential promising therapeutics for the treatment of tuberculosis. Previously, we reported that azaisoindolinone-type compounds displayed, in vitro, inhibitory activity toward InhA. Herein, we describe chemical modifications of azaisoindolinone scaffold, the synthesis of 15 new compounds and their evaluations toward the in vitro InhA activity. Based on these results, a structure-InhA inhibitory activity relationship analysis and a molecular docking study, using the conformation of InhA found in the 2H7M crystal structure, were carried out to predict a possible mode of interaction of the best (aza)isoindolinone-type inhibitors with InhA in vitro. Then, the work was extended toward evaluations of these compounds against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) growth, and finally, some of them were also investigated in respect of their ability to inhibit mycolic acid biosynthesis inside mycobacteria. Although, some azaisoindolinones were able to inhibit InhA activity and Mtb growth in vitro, they did not inhibit the mycolic acid biosynthesis inside Mtb.
Published: 2016
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28. Molecular Forensics into the Sea: How Molecular Markers Can Help to Struggle Against Poaching and Illegal Trade in Precious Corals?

Author: Didier Aurelle, Marine Pratlong, Jean-Baptiste Ledoux, Agostinho Antunes, Anne Haguenauer, Federica Costantini, Marco Abbiati, Centre d'Ingénierie Biologique, University of Minho [Braga], Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale ( IMBE ), Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per le Scienze Ambientali and Dipartimento di Biologia ( CIRSA ), Università di Bologna [Bologna] ( UNIBO ), University of Bologna, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per le Scienze Ambientali and Dipartimento di Biologia (CIRSA), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Stefano Goffredo, Zvy Dubinsky, Jean-Baptiste Ledoux, Agostinho Antune, Anne Haguenauer, Marine Pratlong, Federica Costantini, Marco Abbiati, Didier Aurelle, Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and University of Bologna/Università di Bologna
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Marine conservation, Molecular forensics • Precious corals • Corallium • Species identification • DNA barcode • Mitochondrial DNA • Assignment tests • Microsatellites • Next generation sequencing, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, biology, CITES, Ecology, Coral, Precious coral, Poaching, Context (language use), biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Fishery, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, Geography, Alcyonacea, Marine protected area, 14. Life underwater, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: 17 pages, 2 figures, 5 boxes, Precious corals encompass various species belonging to three different orders (Alcyonacea, Zoanthidea and Antipatharia) of the Anthozoan class. These sessile cnidarians are one of the most valuable marine resources due to the use of their skeleton for jewelry and handcrafted artifacts. The exploitation of precious corals beds generally follows a boom and bust cycle resulting in a worldwide overexploitation of this natural resource. The sustainability of coral fisheries is therefore unambiguously questioned. Discussions regarding international regulations on harvesting or trade have regularly risen in the last decades. As an example, the genus Corallium, which includes some of the most harvested and valuables precious coral species, was unsuccessfully proposed for listing in Appendix II of the Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) in 2007 and 2009. To date, there is no international consensus on the management of coral beds (but see 2011 FAO-GFCM recommendations for the Mediterranean Sea). Each country manages independently its stocks of precious corals inducing contrasted conservation policies. Considering the benefit in trading precious corals and the low enforcement of existing regulations, poaching is very attractive and globally expanding, principally within marine protected areas where populations are healthier and colonies are generally bigger. In this context, innovative management tools and strategies should be developed to ensure the protection of these species. Recent advances in wildlife forensics sciences and more particularly in molecular forensics methods and associated statistical analyses open new avenues to struggle against poaching and illegal trade in precious corals. We will introduce this chapter with general considerations regarding the exploitation of biological resources and accordingly the aims of molecular forensics applied in conservation biology. Then, we will present the methods used for species identification with particular emphasize on DNA barcoding methods. We will discuss the application of these methods for precious coral identification. Considering the genetic data available in precious corals, we will illustrate our discussion with an example of DNA barcoding in Corallium/Paracorallium species. We will present the atypical evolutionary features of the mitochondrial genome of these species and the implications for species identification. Once species have been identified, the identification of the geographical origin of individuals or populations may be of interest in order to distinguish between legal and illegal (e.g. within marine protected area) harvesting. In a third part, we will therefore expose different molecular and statistical methods that can be used to assign individuals to their populations of origin. As a case study, we will present the data resulting from the genotyping of nuclear microsatellite loci in the red coral, Corallium rubrum, a precious coral inhabiting the Mediterranean Sea and part of the Eastern Atlantic. The genetic structure and the repartition of the genetic diversity of C. rubrum are thoroughly characterized over the Western Mediterranean Basin. We will discuss the potential of this database of genotypes to characterize the origin of red coral colonies using different assignment methods. An empirical evaluation will be performed to test the statistical power of this dataset. The last part of the chapter will be focused on the perspectives offered by the development of next generation sequencing methods for the molecular forensics in precious corals, JBL was funded by a Postdoctoral grant (SFRH/BPD/74400/2010) from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; FCT) (http://www.fct.pt). MP was funded by the Labex OT-Med (n° ANR-11-LABX-0061) funded by the French Government “Investissements d’Avenir” program of the French National Research Agency (ANR) through the A*MIDEX project (n° ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02)
Published: 2016
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29. Design, synthesis and evaluation of new GEQ derivatives as inhibitors of InhA enzyme and Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth

Author: Giorgia Mori, Michel Baltas, Vania Bernardes-Génisson, Aurélien Chollet, Jana Korduláková, Frédéric Rodriguez, Jan Madacki, Isabelle Fabing, Maria Rosalia Pasca, Christian Lherbet, Annaïk Quémard, Patricia Constant, Christophe Menendez, Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique (SPCMIB), Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'Lazzaro Spallanzani' = Department of Biology and Biotechnology [Univ di Pavia] (DBB UNIPV), Università degli Studi di Pavia = University of Pavia (UNIPV), Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Comenius University in Bratislava, Institut de pharmacologie et de biologie structurale (IPBS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’, University of Pavia, University of Pavia, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: Models, Molecular, Indoles, Stereochemistry, efflux pumps, Medicinal chemistry, [CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Piperazines, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Structure-Activity Relationship, InhA, Bacterial Proteins, Amide, Drug Discovery, inhibitors, Moiety, Enzyme Inhibitors, 030304 developmental biology, Pharmacology, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, biology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Molecular Structure, 010405 organic chemistry, INHA, Organic Chemistry, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, 3. Good health, 0104 chemical sciences, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Piperazine, Enzyme, chemistry, Docking (molecular), Drug Design, Efflux, Oxidoreductases
Abstract: A series of fluorene-based derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for inhibiting both InhA and Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth. These compounds were inspired by the previously reported Genz-10850 molecule, a good InhA inhibitor, but with a poor activity against M. tuberculosis growth. Structure activity relationships were performed by introducing the following chemical modifications: 1) the piperazine ring; 2) the amide group; 3) the aryl moiety; and 4) the fluorene moiety. Among these new derivatives, one of them was more effective against both the InhA activity and mycobacterial growth, compared to the hit compound. Docking studies were also performed to rationalize activities of these derivatives. Furthermore, we showed for the first time that efflux pump inhibitors potentiated the efficacy of Genz-10850 (GEQ) derivatives against M. tuberculosis growth, demonstrating that these compounds could be substrates of some efflux pumps. (C) 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Published: 2015
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30. The origin of European cattle: Evidence from modern and ancient DNA

Author: Costas Triantaphylidis, Giorgio Bertorelle, Guido Barbujani, Jaume Bertranpetit, Konstantoula Ploumi, Antonella Casoli, Serena Conti, Pierre Taberlet, Carles Lalueza-Fox, Lahousine Ouragh, Nuno Ferrand, Gordon Luikart, Paolo Boscato, Andrea Martini, Félix Goyache, Georg Erhardt, Cristiano Vernesi, Abdulkarim Atash, Martina Lari, David Caramelli, Lourdes Sampietro, Attila Zsolnai, Luca Sineo, Francesco Mallegni, Ayed Magid, Luis J. Royo, Albano Beja-Pereira, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Investigacao em Biodiversidade e Recursos Geneticos, Universidade do Porto, Laboratorio di Antropologia, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Secció Antropologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Centro di Ecologia Alpina, Departamento de Zoologia/Antropologia, Faculdade de Ciências Praça Gomes Teixeira, Dipartimento di Chimica Generale e Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario, Área de Genética y Reproducción Animal, Dipartimento di Scienze Zootecniche, Département de Pathologie Médicale et Chirurgicale des Equidés et Carnivores, Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II - IAV (MOROCCO) (IAV), Animal Production Department, University of Al-Fateh, Research Institute for Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Dipartimento di Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Siena = University of Siena (UNISI), Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, National Agricultural Research Foundation, National Agricultural Research Foundation (NAGREF), Dipartimento di Biologia Animale, Università de Palermo, Dipartimento di Scienze Archeologiche, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Institut für Tierzucht und Haustiergenetik, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (JLU), Unitat de Biologia Evolutiva, Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), Dipartimento di Biologia, and Università degli Studi di Ferrara (UniFE)
Subjects: ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, DIVERSITY, AFRICAN, Breeding, Domestication, BREEDS, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, Geography, mtDNA, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Biological Sciences, Zebu, BOS-TAURUS, SUGGESTS, Europe, Human evolution, GENETIC-EVIDENCE, Molecular Sequence Data, Population, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, Biology, DNA, Mitochondrial, 03 medical and health sciences, Species Specificity, Genetic variation, Animals, education, 030304 developmental biology, Base Sequence, ved/biology, Taurine cattle, 0402 animal and dairy science, Genetic Variation, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Aurochs, biology.organism_classification, 040201 dairy & animal science, Genetics, Population, Ancient DNA, Evolutionary biology, Cattle, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, HUMAN-EVOLUTION
Abstract: Times Cited: 16; International audience; Cattle domestication from wild aurochsen was among the most important innovations during the Neolithic agricultural revolution. The available genetic and archaeological evidence points to at least two major sites of domestication in India and in the Near East, where zebu and the taurine breeds would have emerged independently. Under this hypothesis, all present-day European breeds would be descended from cattle domesticated in the Near East and subsequently spread during the diffusion of herding and farming lifestyles. We present here previously undescribed genetic evidence in contrast with this view, based on mtDNA sequences from five Italian aurochsen dated between 7,000 and 17,000 years B.P. and > 1,000 modern cattle from 51 breeds. Our data are compatible with local domestication events in Europe and support at least some levels of introgression from the aurochs in Italy. The distribution of genetic variation in modern cattle suggest also that different south European breeds were affected by introductions from northern Africa. If so, the European cattle may represent a more variable and valuable genetic resource than previously realized, and previous simple hypotheses regarding the domestication process and the diffusion of selected breeds should be revised.
Published: 2006
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31. Mechanochemical Studies on Coupling of Hydrazines and Hydrazine Amides with Phenolic and Furanyl Aldehydes—Hydrazones with Antileishmanial and Antibacterial Activities

Author: Kapusterynska, Anna, Bijani, Christian, Paliwoda, Damian, Vendier, Laure, Bourdon, Valérie, Imbert, Nicolas, Cojean, Sandrine, Loiseau, Philippe, Recchia, Deborah, Scoffone, Viola, Degiacomi, Giulia, Akhir, Abdul, Saxena, Deepanshi, Chopra, Sidharth, Lubenets, Vira, Baltas, Michel, Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT), Biomolécules : Conception, Isolement, Synthèse (BioCIS), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'Lazzaro Spallanzani' = Department of Biology and Biotechnology [Univ di Pavia] (DBB UNIPV), Università degli Studi di Pavia = University of Pavia (UNIPV), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research [India] (CSIR), National Polytechnic University of Lviv (LPNU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University Paul Sabatier, and Paris Saclay University
Subjects: Antibacterial, Anti-infectious, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Furanyls, Hydrazones, Sustainable synthesis, [CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry, Phenolics, Antileishmanial, Mechanochemistry
Abstract: International audience; Hydrazone compounds represent an important area of research that includes, among others, synthetic approaches and biological studies. A series of 17 hydrazones have been synthesized by mechanochemical means. The fragments chosen were phenolic and furanyl aldehydes coupled with 12 heterocyclic hydrazines or hydrazinamides. All compounds can be obtained quantitatively when operating on a planetary ball mill and a maximum reaction time of 180 min (6 cycles of 30 min each). Complete spectroscopic analyses of hydrazones revealed eight compounds (3–5, 8–11, 16) present in one geometric form, six compounds (1, 2, 13–15) present in two isomeric forms, and three compounds (6, 7, 12) where one rotation is restricted giving rise to two different forms. The single crystal X-ray structure of one of the hydrazones bearing the isoniazid fragment (8) indicates a crystal lattice consisting of two symmetry-independent molecules with different geometries. All compounds obtained were tested for anti-infectious and antibacterial activities. Four compounds (1, 3, 5 and 8) showed good activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and one (7) was very potent against Staphylococcus aureus. Most interesting, this series of compounds displayed very promising antileishmanial activity. Among all, compound 9 exhibited an IC50 value of 0.3 µM on the Leishmania donovani intramacrophage amastigote in vitro model and a good selectivity index, better than miltefosine, making it worth evaluating in vivo.
Published: 2023
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32. Synthesis of 3-heteryl substituted pyrrolidine-2,5-diones via catalytic Michael reaction and evaluation of their inhibitory activity against InhA and Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Author: Michel Baltas, Christian Lherbet, Frédéric Rodriguez, Giorgia Mori, Brigitte Guidetti, Zoia Voitenko, Maria Rosalia Pasca, Tetiana Matviiuk, Marian V. Gorichko, Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique (SPCMIB), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’, University of Pavia, University of Pavia, Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Pavia, and Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Subjects: Models, Molecular, Pyrrolidines, Stereochemistry, Antitubercular Agents, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Pyrrolidine, Catalysis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Structure-Activity Relationship, chemistry.chemical_compound, Bacterial Proteins, Succinimide, Drug Discovery, Humans, Tuberculosis, Structure–activity relationship, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Pharmacology, biology, Chemistry, INHA, Organic Chemistry, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, Michael reaction, Oxidoreductases
Abstract: In the present paper, we report the synthesis via catalytic Michael reaction and biological results of a series of 3-heteryl substituted pyrrolidine-2,5-dione derivatives as moderate inhibitors against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv growth. Some of them present also inhibition activities against InhA.
Published: 2014
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33. New insights into the past and recent evolutionary history of the Corsican mouflon (Ovis gmelini musimon) to inform its conservation

Author: Cécile Kaerle, Gilles Bourgoin, Pauline Gélin, Elodie Portanier, Pierre Benedetti, Sébastien Devillard, Pascale Chevret, Filippo Barbanera, Mathieu Garel, Guillaume Queney, Frédéric Sanchis, Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage (ONCFS), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Office français de la biodiversité (OFB), Dipartimento di Biologia, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Antagene - Animal Genomics Laboratory, Département écologie évolutive [LBBE], and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL)
Subjects: Population, Biodiversity, Ungulates, Subspecies, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, Genetics, education, Approximate Bayesian computation, Historic faunal relocation, Human-mediated introduction, Management units, Phylogeography, Ovis, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, education.field_of_study, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], biology, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], biology.organism_classification, language.human_language, Mouflon, Evolutionary biology, Genetic structure, language, Biological dispersal, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Corsican
Abstract: International audience; Human-mediated species dispersal across the Mediterranean stretches back at least 10,000 years and has left an indelible stamp on present-day biodiversity. Believed to be a descendant of the Asiatic mouflon (Ovis gmelini gmelinii), the Corsican mouflon (O. g. musimon) was translocated during the Neolithic as ancestral livestock by humans migrating from the Fertile Crescent to the Western Mediterranean. Today, two geographically limited and disconnected populations can be found in Corsica. Whether they originated from distinct founders or one ancestral population that later split remains unknown, although such information is pivotal for the species' management on the island. We genotyped 109 and 176 individuals at the Cytochrome-b gene and 16 loci of the microsatellite DNA, respectively, to gain insights into the natural history of the Corsican mouflon. We found evidence confirming that the Asiatic was the ancestor of the Corsican mouflon, which should thus be unvaryingly referred to as O. g. musimon, i.e. as a subspecies of the Asiatic mouflon. Haplotype divergence dating and the investigation of genetic structure highlighted a strong and ancient genetic differentiation between the two Corsican populations. Approximate Bayesian Computation pointed to the introduction of a single group of founders as the most reliable scenario for the origin of the entire Corsican population. Later, this ancestral stock would have decreased in number, facing genetic bottlenecks and eventually resulting in two divergent demes. Splitting most likely occurred several hundred years ago. Their shared past notwithstanding, we discuss whether the two relic Corsican mouflon populations should be now considered as distinct management units.
Published: 2021
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34. Antarctic fish Trematomus bernacchii as biomonitor of environmental contaminants at Terra Nova Bay Station (Ross Sea)

Author: Bargagli, R., Corsolini, S., Fossi, M. C., Sanchez-Hernandez, J. C., Focardi, S., and Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Universita' di Siena/Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Universita' di Siena/Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Universita' di Siena/Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Universita' di Siena/Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Universita' di Siena
Subjects: PCs, metals, antarctic fish
Abstract: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs, including three highly toxic non-ortho coplanar PCBs, IUPAC Ns. 77,126 and 169), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pesticides and trace metal concentrations were determined in the Antarctic fish Trematomus bernacchii collected off the Baia Terra Nova station (Victoria Land, Antarctica). A biomarker of exposure to xenobiotic compounds, CYP4501A-dependent monooxygenase activity, was also found in the fish liver. Data on fish from the north cove (A, used as a landing place for two small research craft, operating for a few weeks each year) were compared with those of fish from the south cove (B, receiving the station waste water) and with control samples caught on the continental shelf (Gerlache Inlet). Total concentrations of PCB, HCB and DDT residues were higher in fish muscle from cove A than in that from cove B and the control area. The contents of non-ortho coplanar PCBs were extremely low in fish from all sites (d. wt). PAHs were detected in fish muscle from both coves, phenanthrene and anthracene being the most abundant. However, no significant differences were found between specimens from the two areas. Metal (Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Pb and Zn) concentrations in fish muscle, kidney, gills and gonads did not vary between fish from the different sampling sites. A significant relationship between Hg concentration in muscle and fish length was found, showing a high accumulation rate in fish from the control area. Liver CYP4501A detoxification activity was significantly higher in fish from cove B, presumably indicating exposure to organic xenobiotics. However, our results showed that, after ten years of activity of the Italian Antarctic station, contamination of the coastal environment is moderate or less contaminated in comparison with other ecosystems.
Published: 1998

35. A large-scale comparative genomics study of human and ruminant strains of Cryptosporidium parvum from Europe

Author: Bellinzona, Greta, Nardi, Tiago, Castelli, Tiago, Autio, Tiina, Blanchard, Yannick, Chalmers, Rachel, Davidson Rebecca, K., de Jong, Anton, Enbom, Tuulia, Karadjian, Grégory, Klotz, Christian, Jokelainen, Pikka, Ostlund, Emma, Plutzer, Judith, Ptochos, Sokratis, Robertson Lucy, J., Robinson, Guy, Sannella Anna, Rosa, Sroka, Jacek, Stensvold Christen, R., Touzain, Fabrice, Troell, Karin, Vatta, Paolo, Sassera, Davide, Caccio Simone, M., Lalle, Marco, Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'Lazzaro Spallanzani' = Department of Biology and Biotechnology [Univ di Pavia] (DBB UNIPV), Università degli Studi di Pavia = University of Pavia (UNIPV), Finish Food Safety Authority Evira, Partenaires INRAE, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Swansea University Medical School [Swansea, Royaume-Uni], Swansea University, National Veterinary Institute [Uppsala] (SVA), Biologie moléculaire et immunologie parasitaires et fongiques (BIPAR), École nationale vétérinaire - Alfort (ENVA)-Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Normandie, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Robert Koch Institute [Berlin] (RKI), Statens Serum Institut [Copenhagen], National Institute of Environmental Health, Norwegian Veterinary Institute [Oslo], Singleton Hospital, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), National Veterinary Research Institute [Pulawy, Pologne] (NVRI), and European Project: 773830, H2020-SFS-2017-1 ,One Health EJP(2018)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

36. Périgord black truffle genome uncovers evolutionary origins and mechanisms of symbiosis

Author: Francis Martin, Annegret Kohler, Claude Murat, Raffaella Balestrini, Pedro M. Coutinho, Olivier Jaillon, Barbara Montanini, Emmanuelle Morin, Benjamin Noel, Riccardo Percudani, Bettina Porcel, Andrea Rubini, Antonella Amicucci, Joelle Amselem, Véronique Anthouard, Sergio Arcioni, François Artiguenave, Jean-Marc Aury, Paola Ballario, Angelo Bolchi, Andrea Brenna, Annick Brun, Marc Buée, Brandi Cantarel, Gérard Chevalier, Arnaud Couloux, Corinne Da Silva, France Denoeud, Sébastien Duplessis, Stefano Ghignone, Benoît Hilselberger, Mirco Iotti, Benoît Marçais, Antonietta Mello, Michele Miranda, Giovanni Pacioni, Hadi Quesneville, Claudia Riccioni, Roberta Ruotolo, Richard Splivallo, Vilberto Stocchi, Emilie Tisserant, Arturo Roberto Viscomi, Alessandra Zambonelli, Elisa Zampieri, Bernard Henrissat, Marc-Henri Lebrun, Francesco Paolocci, Paola Bonfante, Simone Ottonello, Patrick Wincker, Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes (IAM), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (CNR-IPSP), UOS Torino, Architecture et fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques - UMR 6098 (AFMB), Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Dipartimento di Biochimica e Biologia Molecolare, Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité : Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Milano] (CNR), Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari Universita di Urbino (DISB), Università degli Studi di Urbino 'Carlo Bo', Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), Dipartimento di Genetica e Biologia Molecolare, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' [Rome], Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Università degli Studi di Bologna, Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale, Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO), Dipartimento di Biologia di Base ed Applicata, Aquila University, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila [L'Aquila] (UNIVAQ.IT), Unité de Recherche Génomique Info (URGI), CNR IGV, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), University of Goettingen, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Torino] (CNR), Architecture et fonction des macromolécules biologiques (AFMB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), BIOlogie et GEstion des Risques en agriculture (BIOGER), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari = Institute of Molecular Science and Technologies (ISTM-CNR [Perugia - Milano]), ANR-06-BLAN-0399,FungEffector,A genome-wide survey of secreted proteins as effectors of symbiosis and pathogenicity in plant-associated fungi(2006), European Project: 33958,EVOLTREE, Martin, Francis, Murat-Furminieux, Claude, Martin F., Kohler A., Murat C., Balestrini R., Coutinho P.M., Jaillon O., Montanini B., Morin E., Noel B., Percudani R., Porcel B., Rubini A., Amicucci A., Amselem J., Anthouard V., Arcioni S., Artiguenave F., Aury J.M., Ballario P., Bolchi A., Brenna A., Brun A., Buée M., Cantarel B., Chevalier G., Couloux A., Da Silva C., Denoeud F., Duplessis S., Ghignone S., Hilselberger B., Iotti M., Mello M., Miranda M., Pacioni G., Quesneville H., Riccioni C., Ruotolo R., Splivallo R., Stocchi V., Tisserant E., Viscomi A.R., Zambonelli A., Zampieri E., Henrissat B., Lebrun M.H., Paolocci F., Bonfante P., Ottonello S., Wincker P., Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), CNR Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante [Torino, Italia] (IPSP), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Università degli studi di Parma = University of Parma (UNIPR), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Università degli Studi dell'Aquila = University of L'Aquila (UNIVAQ), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1, University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Università degli Studi dell'Aquila (UNIVAQ), University of Göttingen - Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Tuber melanosporum, tuber, ectomycorrhizal fungi, TRUFFE NOIRE DU PERIGORD, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Genes, Fungal, Molecular Sequence Data, TRUFFE BLANCHE DU PIEMONT, Carbohydrates, Genomics, Haploidy, 01 natural sciences, Genome, Ectosymbiosis, Evolution, Molecular, 03 medical and health sciences, truffe, Symbiosis, Ascomycota, Tuber aestivum, champignon comestible, Fruiting Bodies, Fungal, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, Truffle, biology, génome, Fungal genetics, Sequence Analysis, DNA, biology.organism_classification, DNA Transposable Elements, fungal genoma, Genome, Fungal, europe, symbiose, Sulfur, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Letter; International audience; The Périgord black truffle ($Tuber\ melanosporum$ Vittad.) and the Piedmont white truffle dominate today's truffle market. The hypogeous fruiting body of $T.\ melanosporum$ is a gastronomic delicacy produced by an ectomycorrhizal symbiont endemic to calcareous soils in southern Europe. The worldwide demand for this truffle has fuelled intense efforts at cultivation. Identification of processes that condition and trigger fruit body and symbiosis formation, ultimately leading to efficient crop production, will be facilitated by a thorough analysis of truffle genomic traits. In the ectomycorrhizal $Laccaria\ bicolor$, the expansion of gene families may have acted as a 'symbiosis toolbox'. This feature may however reflect evolution of this particular taxon and not a general trait shared by all ectomycorrhizal species. To get a better understanding of the biology and evolution of the ectomycorrhizal symbiosis, we report here the sequence of the haploid genome of $T.\ melanosporum$, which at $\sim$125 megabases is the largest and most complex fungal genome sequenced so far. This expansion results from a proliferation of transposable elements accounting for $\sim$58% of the genome. In contrast, this genome only contains $\sim$7,500 protein-coding genes with very rare multigene families. It lacks large sets of carbohydrate cleaving enzymes, but a few of them involved in degradation of plant cell walls are induced in symbiotic tissues. The latter feature and the upregulation of genes encoding for lipases and multicopper oxidases suggest that $T.\ melanosporum$ degrades its host cell walls during colonization. Symbiosis induces an increased expression of carbohydrate and amino acid transporters in both $L.\ bicolor$ and $T.\ melanosporum$, but the comparison of genomic traits in the two ectomycorrhizal fungi showed that genetic predispositions for symbiosis $-$'the symbiosis toolbox'$-$ evolved along different ways in ascomycetes and basidiomycetes
Published: 2010
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37. Geographic variation of body size and reproductive patterns in Continental versus Mediterranean asp vipers, Vipera aspis

Author: Zuffi, Marco A.L., Gentilli, Augusto, Cecchinelli, Elena, Pupin, Fabio, Bonnet, Xavier, Fillippi, Ernesto, Luiselli, Luca M., Barbanera, Filippo, Dini, Fernando, Fasola, Mauro, Museo di Storia Naturale e del Territorio, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Dipartimento di Biologia Animale, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Centre d'études biologiques de Chizé (CEBC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), FIZV (Ecology), Dipartimento di Biologia, and Lacalle, Martine
Subjects: [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, life-history traits viperid snake, climatic effects, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract: International audience; The occurrence of variation in body size and reproductive traits of Vipera aspis was assessed by analysing 74 reproductive females of different populations, collected throughout a large part of the distribution range of the taxon, from central-western France to central Italy. Six populations were analysed, two of plain habitats, in France and Italy, characterized by a Continental climate, whereas the other four derived from two coastal and two inland, hilly Italian habitats, respectively, showing a Mediterranean climate. Females of the French area showed the smallest mean body size, whereas the pre- and post-partum body masses of females from the coolest, central Italic area were significantly higher. Litter size varied among habitats and was significantly correlated with maternal body size. If the snout–vent length feature varied largely among offspring of different habitats (with the longest size occurring in representatives of the coastal, central Italian area), the average of both body mass and total mass of offsprings did not exhibit any clear pattern among populations colonizing different habitats. Nevertheless, relative litter mass was higher in the French continental populations, and lower in the coolest, Mediterranean, Italian ones. It is worth emphasizing the positive correlation between the snout–vent length feature of females and the total litter mass to environmental factors, such as hottest month temperature and total rainfall. The available literature records that female body size affects offspring size and fecundity. If the present study bolsters this correlation, it also rules out any other effect of female body size on the offspring characteristics analysed. Finally, evidence is provided for the role of climatic factors on life-history traits (e.g. pre-partum body mass) of asp vipers, although confounding effects pursued, for example, by food availability may occur.
Published: 2009

38. NMR studies on the surface accessibility of the archaeal protein Sso7d by using TEMPOL and Gd(III)(DTPA-BMA) as paramagnetic probes

Author: Annamaria Guagliardi, Filippo Prischi, Vincenzo Venditti, Roberto Consonni, Arianna Ciutti, Lucia Zetta, Neri Niccolai, Ivana Arosio, Andrea Bernini, Paola Fusi, Ottavia Spiga, Bernini, A, Venditti, V, Spiga, O, Ciutti, A, Prischi, F, Consonni, R, Zetta, L, Arosio, I, Fusi, P, Guagliardi, A, Niccolai, N, Dipartimento di Biologia Molecolare, Università degli Studi di Siena = University of Siena (UNISI), Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Dipartimento di Biologia Strutturale e Funzionale, and Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II
Subjects: Amide, Gadolinium DTPA, Models, Molecular, Gadolinium, Surface Propertie, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Protein structure, Surface accessibility, Protein NMR, Paramagnetic probes, TEMPOL, Gd(III)(DTPA-BMA), Peptide bond, Moiety, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0303 health sciences, Spin Label, Chemistry, Hydrogen bond, BIO/10 - BIOCHIMICA, DNA-Binding Proteins, Physical Sciences, cardiovascular system, Proton, Protons, Heteronuclear single quantum coherence spectroscopy, circulatory and respiratory physiology, Surface Properties, Archaeal Proteins, DNA-Binding Protein, Biophysics, chemistry.chemical_element, 010402 general chemistry, Cyclic N-Oxides, 03 medical and health sciences, Archaeal Protein, Molecule, Amino Acid Sequence, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular, 030304 developmental biology, Nitrogen Isotopes, Organic Chemistry, Hydrogen Bonding, Amides, 0104 chemical sciences, Crystallography, Cyclic N-Oxide, Spin Labels
Abstract: Understanding how proteins are approached by surrounding molecules is fundamental to increase our knowledge of life at atomic resolution. Here, the surface accessibility of a multifunctional small protein, the archaeal protein Sso7d from Sulfolobus solfataricus , has been investigated by using TEMPOL and Gd(III)(DTPA-BMA) as paramagnetic probes. The DNA binding domain of Sso7d appears very accessible both to TEMPOL and Gd(III)(DTPA-BMA). Differences in paramagnetic attenuation profiles of 1 H– 15 N HSQC protein backbone amide correlations, observed in the presence of the latter paramagnetic probes, are consistent with the hydrogen bond acceptor capability of the N -oxyl moiety of TEMPOL to surface exposed Sso7d amide groups. By using the gadolinium complex as a paramagnetic probe a better agreement between Sso7d structural features and attenuation profile is achieved. It is interesting to note that the protein P-loop region, in spite of the high surface exposure predicted by the available protein structures, is not approached by TEMPOL and only partially by Gd(III)(DTPA-BMA).
Published: 2008
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39. Plant neurobiology: no brain, no gain?

Author: Hartmut Quader, Chris Hawes, Anna Moroni, Lincoln Taiz, Karin Schumacher, Hervé Sentenac, Felice Cervone, Chris Somerville, Alistair M. Hetherington, David Robinson, Gerd Juergens, Maria Ida De Michelis, Eduardo Blumwald, Amedeo Alpi, Adam Bertl, Angus S. Murphy, Clifford L. Slayman, Alberto Rivetta, Arthur W. Galston, Emanuel Epstein, Ben Scheres, Jack Dainty, Dale Sanders, Pierdomenico Perata, Richard Wagner, Carlo Soave, Christopher J. Leaver, Mary Helen M. Goldsmith, Nikolaus Amrhein, Thomas Rausch, Christophe Ritzenthaler, Michael R. Blatt, Gerhard Thiel, Karl Oparka, Herman Höfte, Ruediger Hell, Dipartimento di Biologia Delle Piante Agrarie, Institut fu¨ r Pflanzenwissenschafte, University of Karlsruhe (TH), Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, IBLS Plant Sciences, University of Glasgow, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences [Riverside], University of California [Riverside] (UCR), University of California-University of California, Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], University of Toronto, Dipartimento di Biologia ‘‘L. Gorini’’, Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, Soils and Biogeochemistry, Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, Yale University [New Haven], Oxford Brookes University, Heidelberg Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Bristol [Bristol], Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Zentrum für Molekularbiologie der Pflanzen (ZMBP), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, University of Oxford [Oxford], Dipartimento di Biologia (Universita degli Studi di Milano), Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI), Department of Horticulture, Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Plant and Crop Physiology Laboratory, Biozentrum Klein Flottbek, Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes (IBMP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, Heidelberger Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften (HIP), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Department of Biology, Area 6, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes (BPMP), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Sezione di Fisiologia e Biochimica delle Piante, Dipartimento di Biologia, Carnegie Institution, Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Botany, Fachbereich Biologie/Chemie, Universita degli studi di Pisa, Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Plant Sciences, University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' [Rome], Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli studi di Milano [Milano]-Sez. Zoologia Scienze Naturali, University of California, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, University of Oxford, Heidelberg University, School of Biological Sciences, Laboratoire de biologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Purdue University, University of Hamburg, Department of Biology, University of York [York, UK], Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Stanford University [Stanford], University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), Darmstadt University of Technology [Darmstadt], Osnabrück University, and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: SYNAPSE, 0106 biological sciences, PLANT NEUROBIOLOGY, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Plant Science, Biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, ROOT, Neurobiology, Plant Cells, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Plant Physiological Phenomena, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Indoleacetic Acids, fungi, Botany, Plasmodesmata, food and beverages, Biological Transport, Plants, AUXINE TRANSPORT, Neuroscience, 010606 plant biology & botany, Signal Transduction
Abstract: The past three years have witnessed the birth andpropagation of a provocative idea in the plant sciences.Its proponents have suggested that higher plants havenerves, synapses, the equivalent of a brain localizedsomewhere in the roots, and an intelligence. The ideahas attracted a number of adherents, to the extent thatmeetings have now been held in different host countriesto address the topic, and an international society devotedto ‘plant neurobiology’ has been founded. We are con-cerned with the rationale behind this concept. Wemaintain that plant neurobiology does not add to ourUpdate
Published: 2007
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40. Tracing past human male movements in northern/eastern Africa and Western eurasia: new clues from y-chromosomal haplogroups E-M78 and J-M12

Author: Cruciani, Fulvio, La Fratta, R., Trombetta, Beniamino, Santolamazza, P., Sellitto, D., Beraud Colomb, E., Colomb, E. B., Dugoujon, J. M., Crivellaro, F., Benincasa, T., Pascone, Roberto, Moral, P., Watson, E., Melegh, B., Barbujani, G., Fuselli, S., Vona, Giuseppe G., Zagradisnik, B., Assum, G., Brdicka, R., Kozlov, A. I., Efremov, G. D., Coppa, Alfredo, Novelletto, A., Scozzari, Rosaria, Dipartimento di Genetica e Biologia Molecolare, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Hôpital de Sainte-Marguerite, Laboratoire d'Anthropobiologie (LA), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Biologia Cellulare, Universita Mediterranea of Reggio Calabria [Reggio Calabria], Dipartimento di Scienze Ginecologiche Perinatologia e Puericultura, Departament de Biologia Animal, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Swedish Museum of Natural History (NRM), Department of Medical Genetics and Child Development, University of Pecs, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Ferrara (UniFE), Dipartimento di Biologia Sperimentale, Universita degli Studi di Cagliari [Cagliari], Laboratory of Medical Genetics, General Hospital Maribor, Institut fur Human Genetic, Universität Ulm - Ulm University [Ulm, Allemagne], ArctAn C Innovative Laboratory, Institute for Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Research Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts [Skopje, North Macedonia] (MASA), Dipartimento di Biologia Animale e dell'Uomo, and Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata [Roma]
Subjects: Male, y-chromosome phylogeography, Population, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, Biology, Haplogroup, european populations, human migrations, bronze age, african populations, y-chromosome haplogroups, 03 medical and health sciences, Africa, Northern, Bronze Age, parasitic diseases, Asia, Western, Genetics, Humans, Population growth, 10. No inequality, education, Clade, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Chromosomes, Human, Y, African populations, European populations, Human migrations, Y-chromosome haplogroups, Y-chromosome phylogeography, Human migration, business.industry, 030305 genetics & heredity, Haplogroup L3, Africa, Eastern, Emigration and Immigration, Europe, Settore BIO/18 - Genetica, Phylogeography, Genetics, Population, Haplotypes, Evolutionary biology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business, geographic locations, Natural History
Abstract: International audience; Detailed population data were obtained on the distribution of novel biallelic markers that finely dissect the human Y-chromosome haplogroup E-M78. Among 6,501 Y chromosomes sampled in 81 human populations worldwide, we found 517 E-M78 chromosomes and assigned them to 10 subhaplogroups. Eleven microsatellite loci were used to further evaluate subhaplogroup internal diversification. The geographic and quantitative analyses of haplogroup and microsatellite diversity is strongly suggestive of a northeastern African origin of E-M78, with a corridor for bidirectional migrations between northeastern and eastern Africa (at least 2 episodes between 23.9-17.3 ky and 18.0-5.9 ky ago), trans-Mediterranean migrations directly from northern Africa to Europe (mainly in the last 13.0 ky), and flow from northeastern Africa to western Asia between 20.0 and 6.8 ky ago. A single clade within E-M78 (E-V13) highlights a range expansion in the Bronze Age of southeastern Europe, which is also detected by haplogroup J-M12. Phylogeography pattern of molecular radiation and coalescence estimates for both haplogroups are similar and reveal that the genetic landscape of this region is, to a large extent, the consequence of a recent population growth in situ rather than the result of a mere flow of western Asian migrants in the early Neolithic. Our results not only provide a refinement of previous evolutionary hypotheses but also well-defined time frames for past human movements both in northern/eastern Africa and western Eurasia.
Published: 2007

41. Effect of prototypic drugs ibuprofen and warfarin on global chaotropic unfolding of human serum heme-albumin: a fast-field-cycling 1H-NMR relaxometric study

Author: Mauro Fasano, Paolo Ascenzi, Gabriella Fanali, Fanali, G, Ascenzi, Paolo, Fasano, M., Dipartimento di Biologia Strutturale e Funzionale, Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria, Istituto Nazionale per le Malattie Infettive I.R.C.C.S. 'Lazzaro Spallanzani', Dipartimento di Biologia, and Università degli Studi Roma Tre
Subjects: Protein Denaturation, Protein Folding, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Stereochemistry, Protein Conformation, Biophysics, Ibuprofen, Biochemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, medicine, Humans, Denaturation (biochemistry), Binding site, Heme, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Organic Chemistry, Albumin, Human serum albumin, Methemalbumin, body regions, Folding (chemistry), Chaotropic agent, chemistry, embryonic structures, Physical Sciences, Proton NMR, Thermodynamics, Warfarin, medicine.drug
Abstract: Human serum albumin (HSA) is the most prominent protein in plasma, but it is also found in tissues and secretions throughout the body. The three-domain design of HSA provides a variety of binding sites for many ligands, including heme and drugs. HSA has been used as a model multidomain protein to investigate how interdomain interactions affect the global folding/unfolding process. Here, we report on the reversible chemical denaturation of heme-HSA involving three different conformational states (F, N, and B, occurring at pH 4.0, 7.0, and 9.0, respectively) and on the effect of prototypic drugs ibuprofen and warfarin on thermodynamics of the reversible unfolding process. Chaotropic unfolding of heme-HSA in the F, N, and B conformations is governed by different thermodynamic regimes, with the B form showing an entropic stabilization of the structure that compensates an enthalpic destabilization, and the F form easily unfolding under entropic control. Warfarin and ibuprofen binding stabilizes heme-HSA in both N and B states.
Published: 2007
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42. Transcriptome of the synganglion in the tick Ixodes ricinus and evolution of the cys-loop ligand-gated ion channel family in ticks

Author: Claude Rispe, Caroline Hervet, Nathalie de la Cotte, Romain Daveu, Karine Labadie, Benjamin Noel, Jean-Marc Aury, Steeve Thany, Emiliane Taillebois, Alison Cartereau, Anaïs Le Mauff, Claude L. Charvet, Clément Auger, Elise Courtot, Cédric Neveu, Olivier Plantard, Biologie, Epidémiologie et analyse de risque en Santé Animale (BIOEPAR), École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'Lazzaro Spallanzani' = Department of Biology and Biotechnology [Univ di Pavia] (DBB UNIPV), Università degli Studi di Pavia = University of Pavia (UNIPV), Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), INRAE, Institut Carnot France Futur Elevage, projet Xenobiotick (http://www.francefuturelevage.com/fr/activites-de-r-d#projetsfinances), Genoscope, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, BMC, and ANR-10-INBS-0009,France-Génomique,Organisation et montée en puissance d'une Infrastructure Nationale de Génomique(2010)
Subjects: Male, Ixodes, Duplication, Ligand-Gated Ion Channels, Receptors, Nicotinic, Synganglion, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, Differential expression, parasitic diseases, Cys-loop receptors, Genetics, Animals, Female, Transcriptome, Phylogeny, Biotechnology, Tick
Abstract: Background Ticks represent a major health issue for humans and domesticated animals. Exploring the expression landscape of the tick’s central nervous system (CNS), known as the synganglion, would be an important step in understanding tick physiology and in managing tick-borne diseases, but studies on that topic are still relatively scarce. Neuron-specific genes like the cys-loop ligand-gated ion channels (cys-loop LGICs, or cysLGICs) are important pharmacological targets of acaricides. To date their sequence have not been well catalogued for ticks, and their phylogeny has not been fully studied. Results We carried out the sequencing of transcriptomes of the I. ricinus synganglion, for adult ticks in different conditions (unfed males, unfed females, and partially-fed females). The de novo assembly of these transcriptomes allowed us to obtain a large collection of cys-loop LGICs sequences. A reference meta-transcriptome based on synganglion and whole body transcriptomes was then produced, showing high completeness and allowing differential expression analyses between synganglion and whole body. Many of the genes upregulated in the synganglion were associated with neurotransmission and/or localized in neurons or the synaptic membrane. As the first step of a functional study of cysLGICs, we cloned the predicted sequence of the resistance to dieldrin (RDL) subunit homolog, and functionally reconstituted the first GABA-gated receptor of Ixodes ricinus. A phylogenetic study was performed for the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and other cys-loop LGICs respectively, revealing tick-specific expansions of some types of receptors (especially for Histamine-like subunits and GluCls). Conclusions We established a large catalogue of genes preferentially expressed in the tick CNS, including the cysLGICs. We discovered tick-specific gene family expansion of some types of cysLGIC receptors, and a case of intragenic duplication, suggesting a complex pattern of gene expression among different copies or different alternative transcripts of tick neuro-receptors.
Published: 2022
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43. Genomic epidemiology of Cryptosporidiump arvum in Europe

Author: Bellinzona, Greta, Nardi, Tiago, Castelli, Michele, Autio, Tiina, Blanchard, Yannick, Chalmers, Rachel, Davidson, Rebecca, de Jong, Anton, Embom, Tuulia, Gomes, Jacinto, Karadjian, Gregory, Klotz, Christian, Jokelainen, Pikka, Östlund, Emma, Plutzer, Judith, Robertson Lucy, J., Robinson, Guy, Sannella, Rosa Anna, Sroka, Jacek, Stensvold Christens, Rune, Troell, Karin, Vatta, Paolo, Sassera, Davide, Cacciò Simone, M., Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'Lazzaro Spallanzani' = Department of Biology and Biotechnology [Univ di Pavia] (DBB UNIPV), Università degli Studi di Pavia = University of Pavia (UNIPV), Finish Food Safety Authority Evira, Partenaires INRAE, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Swansea University Medical School [Swansea, Royaume-Uni], Swansea University, National Veterinary Institute [Uppsala] (SVA), Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária = National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinary Research [Oeiras, Portugal] (INIAV), Biologie moléculaire et immunologie parasitaires et fongiques (BIPAR), École nationale vétérinaire - Alfort (ENVA)-Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Normandie, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Robert Koch Institute [Berlin] (RKI), Statens Serum Institut [Copenhagen], National Institute of Environmental Health, Norwegian Veterinary Institute [Oslo], Singleton Hospital, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), National Veterinary Research Institute [Pulawy, Pologne] (NVRI), Dipartimento di Chimica = Department of Chemistry [Univ Pavia] (UNIPV), and European Project: 773830, H2020-SFS-2017-1 ,One Health EJP(2018)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

44. Situation d'une population alpine (Vallouise) au point de vue des dermatoglyphes

Author: Salis, Nadia, Floris, Giovanni, Boëtsch, Gilles, Rabino-Massa, Emma, Dipartimento di Biologia Animale e dell'uomo, Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO), Dipartimento di Biologia Sperimentale - Sezione di Antropologia, Università di Cagliari, UMR 6578 : Anthropologie Bio-Culturelle (UAABC), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), and Università degli Studi di Cagliari = University of Cagliari (UniCa)
Subjects: Région méditerranénne, Italie, Vallouise, Arc alpin, montagnes, population alpine, dermatoglyphes, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology
Abstract: La Vallouise est une petite vallée allongée entre de hautes montagnes qui ont représenté, surtout dans le passé un obstacle, pour les échanges et communications de toutes sortes et qui ont, par là, contribué à l'isolement constant et réel des habitants.Le but du présent travail est l'étude des dermatoglyphes d'échantillon de populations originaires et vivant dans les quatre communes de la vallée de Valllouise : ville Vallouise, Pelvoux, Puy St-Vincent et les Vigneaux.Les empreintes digitales et palmaires ont été relevées sur 100 sujets des deux sexes, de plus de 50 ans. Pour chaque sujet, il a été tenu compte des caractères dermatoglyphiques digitaux et palmaires et il a été procédé à des analyses aussi bien qualitatives que quantitatives. Les données recueillies dans la Vallouise ont été ensuite comparées avec celles existant dans la littérature, avec d'autres populations isolées de vallées de l'arc alpin occidental du versant italien et de celles de la région méditerranéenne, tant européennes que d'Afrique du Nord, afin d'évaluer les distances biologiques qui séparent entre elles ces populations.
Published: 2005

45. Indagini morfologiche e strutturali sulle macule del labirinto membranoso di Torpedo ocellata

Author: AVALLONE, BICE, BALSAMO, GIUSEPPE, MARMO, FRANCESCO, Dipartimento di Biologia- Università di Roma 'Tor Vergata', Dipartimento di Biologia Animale e dell'Uomo- Università di Roma 'la Sapienza', Avallone, Bice, Balsamo, Giuseppe, and Marmo, Francesco
Subjects: labirinto membranoso, SEM, TEM, Torpedo ocellata
Published: 2005

46. Estimating the complexity of bird song by using capture-recapture approaches from community ecology

Author: Rianne Pinxten, Leen Gorissen, Erwin Nemeth, Helene M. Lampe, Els Van Duyse, László Zsolt Garamszegi, Paolo Galeotti, Diego Gil, Aurélie Tanvez, János Török, Wolfgang Forstmeier, Tudor Ion Draganoiu, Laurent Nagle, Jan Lontkowski, Jean-Marc Rossi, Bruce E. Byers, Poul Hansen, Thorsten J. S. Balsby, Marta Borowiec, Nicola Saino, Marcel Eens, Ben D. Bell, Stefan Leitner, Anders Pape Møller, Russell C. Titus, Department of Biology (Ethology), University of Antwerp (UA), Department of Systematic Zoology and Ecology, Institute of Biology [Budapest], Faculty of Sciences [Budapest], Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Faculty of Sciences [Budapest], Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Department of Animal Behaviour, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-Department of Animal Behaviour, Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, Cornell University [New York], School of Biological Sciences [Wellington, New Zealand], Victoria University of Wellington, Department of Avian Ecology, Zoological Institute-University of Wrocław [Poland] (UWr), Department of Biology, Department of Biology-University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Laboratoire Éthologie Cognition Développement (LECD), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Department of Animal and Plant Sciences [Sheffield], University of Sheffield [Sheffield], Dipartimento di Biologia Animale, Università degli Studi di Pavia-Laboratorio di Eco-Etologia, Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva (CSIC), Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN), Natural History Museum of Denmark, Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Department of Biology [Oslo], Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO), Verhaltensphysiologie, Max-Planck-Institut, Museum of Natural History, Wroclaw university-Museum of Natural History, Konrad Lorenz Institute for Comparative Ethology, Fonctionnement et évolution des systèmes écologiques (FESE), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI)-Sez. Zoologia Scienze Naturali, Russell Titus, Parasitologie évolutive (PE), Department of Animal Behaviour,-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Università degli Studi di Pavia = University of Pavia (UNIPV)-Laboratorio di Eco-Etologia, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales [Madrid] (MNCN), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI)-Sez. Zoologia Scienze Naturali
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, [Capture], [Bird song], Biology, [Detection probability], 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Mark and recapture, [Repertoire size], Statistics, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ecology, Repertoire, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], 05 social sciences, Sampling (statistics), 15. Life on land, Canto, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Animal ecology, [Species richness], Animal Science and Zoology, Species richness, Syllable, [recapture approach], Count data
Abstract: Repertoire size, the number of unique song or syllable types in the repertoire, is a widely used measure of song complexity in birds, but it is difficult to calculate this exactly in species with large repertoires. A new method of repertoire size estimation applies species richness estimation procedures from community ecology, but such capture-recapture approaches have not been much tested. Here, we establish standardized sampling schemes and estimation procedures using capture-recapture models for syllable repertoires from 18 bird species, and suggest how these may be used to tackle problems of repertoire estimation. Different models, with different assumptions regarding the heterogeneity of the use of syllable types, performed best for different species with different song organizations. For most species, models assuming heterogeneous probability of occurrence of syllables (so-called detection probability) were selected due to the presence of both rare and frequent syllables. Capture-recapture estimates of syllable repertoire size from our small sample did not differ significantly from previous estimates using larger samples of count data. However, the enumeration of syllables in 15 songs yielded significantly lower estimates than previous reports. Hence, heterogeneity in detection probability of syllables should be addressed when estimating repertoire size. This is neglected using simple enumeration procedures, but is taken into account when repertoire size is estimated by appropriate capture-recapture models adjusted for species-specific song organization characteristics. We suggest that such approaches, in combination with standardized sampling, should be applied in species with potentially large repertoire size. On the other hand, in species with small repertoire size and homogenous syllable usage, enumerations may be satisfactory. Although researchers often use repertoire size as a measure of song complexity, listeners to songs are unlikely to count entire repertoires and they may rely on other cues, such as syllable detection probability.
Published: 2005
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47. Neurogenic and non-neurogenic placodes in ascidians

Author: Paolo Burighel, Stefano Tiozzo, Jean-Stéphane Joly, Giovanna Zaniolo, Nancy J. Lane, Lucia Manni, Fabio Gasparini, Federico Caicci, Universita di Padova, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), USC CNRS jeune équipe Développement, Evolution et Plasticité du Système Nerveux (DEPSN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Dipartimento di Biologia, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Department of Zoology, Développement, évolution et plasticité du système nerveux (DEPSN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Neurobiologie Alfred Fessard (INAF), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche sur mer (LBDV), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Padova
Subjects: Cell type, Embryo, Nonmammalian, Ectoderm ultrastructure, Cellular differentiation, Neurogenic placodes, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Morphogenesis, Botryllus schlosseri, Urochordata anatomy & histology, Microscopy Electron, Nervous System, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Embryo Nonmammalian embryology, biology.animal, Ectoderm, medicine, Animals, Comparative Study, Ciona intestinalis, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Urochordata, Phylogeny, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, PLACODE, biology, Vertebrate, Cell Differentiation, General Medicine, Anatomy, biology.organism_classification, Cell biology, ASCIDIAN, Microscopy, Electron, [SDV.BDD.EO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology/Embryology and Organogenesis, medicine.anatomical_structure, Italy, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Animal Science and Zoology, Basal lamina, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; The late differentiation of the ectodermal layer is analysed in the ascidians Ciona intestinalis and Botryllus schlosseri, by means of light and electron microscopy, in order to verify the possible presence of placodal structures. Cranial placodes, ectodermal regions giving rise to nonepidermal cell types, are classically found exclusively in vertebrates; however, data are accumulating to demonstrate that the nonvertebrate chordates possess both the genetic machinery involved in placode differentiation, and ectodermal structures that are possible homologues of vertebrate placodes. Here, the term ''placode'' is used in a broad sense and defines thickenings of the ectodermal layer that can exhibit an interruption of the basal lamina where cells delaminate, and so are able to acquire a nonepidermal fate. A number of neurogenic placodes, ones capable of producing neurons, have been recognised; their derivatives have been analysed and their possible homologies with vertebrate placodes are discussed. In particular, the stomodeal placode may be considered a multiple placode, being composed of different sorts of placodes: part of it, which differentiates hair cells, is discussed as homologous to the octavo-lateralis placodes, while the remaining portion, giving rise to the ciliated duct of the neural gland, is considered homologous to the adenohypophyseal placode. The neurohypophyseal placode may include the homologues of the hypothalamus and vertebrate olfactory placode; the rostral placode, producing the sensorial papillae, may possibly be homologous to the placodes of the adhesive gland of vertebrates.
Published: 2004
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48. Sensitivity and Applications of the Nondenaturing Staining of Proteins on Polyvinylidene Difluoride Membranes with Amido Black 10B in Water Followed by Destaining in Water

Author: Gentile, Fabrizio, Balı̀, Ernesto, and Pignalosa, Giuseppe
Published: 1997
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49. Polyp longevity in a precious gorgonian coral: hints toward a demographic approach to polyp dynamics

Author: Giovanni Santangelo, Mimmo Iannelli, Fabrizio Erra, Fabio Bulleri, Cristina Priori, Maria Carla Benedetti, Lorenzo Bramanti, Dipartimento di Biologia, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Laboratoire d'Ecogéochimie des environnements benthiques (LECOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of mathematics/Dipartimento di Matematica [Univ. Trento], and Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, Coral, Population, Mortality table, Zoology, Aquatic Science, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Budding rate, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, 14. Life underwater, Corallium rubrum, education, neoplasms, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, Maximum life span, media_common, education.field_of_study, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Longevity, pathological conditions, signs and symptoms, biology.organism_classification, digestive system diseases, surgical procedures, operative, Gorgonian, Octocoral, Polyp age, Age distribution, Coenenchyme, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; In this paper, we investigated the age distribution and dynamics of polyps in the slow-growing and long-lived gorgonian Corallium rubrum (the Mediterranean red coral), applying an a posteriori demographic approach by considering each colony as a population of polyps. In the Mediterranean red coral, new polyps emerge from the coenenchyme in different regions of the colony and their budding rate depends on the age of branches. The age of polyps, branches and colonies were estimated using the organic-matter-staining dating method on thin sections of the colony skeleton. The median age and maximum life span of polyps were 4 and 12 years suggesting the presence of senescence processes: thus a colony renews several times its polyps during life cycle. Polyps were divided into annual age classes, and their mortality rates calculated. The polyp age distribution was then used to construct a mortality table and an algebraic transition matrix based on the age at death of 234 polyps. Finally, the polyp budding rate of a young, unbranched colony was calculated, and polyp temporal dynamics simulated. These findings represent the first steps for developing demographic models able to describe polyp dynamics of old and highly branched colonies.
Published: 2020
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50. Metabolomics hallmarks OPA1 variants correlating with their in vitro phenotype and predicting clinical severity

Author: Mario Fogazza, Stéphanie Chupin, Gilles Simard, Valentina Del Dotto, Claudia Zanna, Juan Manuel Chao de la Barca, Anna Ghelli, Vincent Procaccio, Michela Rugolo, Valerio Carelli, Guy Lenaers, Pascal Reynier, Dominique Bonneau, Dipartimento di Biologia Evoluzionistica Sperimentale, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Stress Oxydant et Pathologies Métaboliques (SOPAM), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Biologie Neurovasculaire et Mitochondriale Intégrée (BNMI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université d'Angers (UA), Mitochondrie : Régulations et Pathologie, Barca, Juan Manuel Chao, Fogazza, Mario, Rugolo, Michela, Chupin, Stéphanie, Del Dotto, Valentina, Ghelli, Anna Maria, Carelli, Valerio, Simard, Gille, Procaccio, Vincent, Bonneau, Dominique, Lenaers, Guy, Reynier, Pascal, and Zanna, Claudia
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, AcademicSubjects/SCI01140, endocrine system, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Mutation, Missense, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, GTP Phosphohydrolases, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Metabolomics, Genetics, medicine, Missense mutation, Animals, Humans, Expressivity (genetics), Allele, Molecular Biology, Gene, Genetics (clinical), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Alleles, Mutation, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, General Medicine, OPA1 mutations, Metabolomics, DOA, [SDV.SP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, Fibroblasts, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Phenotype, eye diseases, 030104 developmental biology, Proteostasis, General Article, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Interpretation of variants of uncertain significance is an actual major challenge. We addressed this question on a set of OPA1 missense variants responsible for variable severity of neurological impairments. We used targeted metabolomics to explore the different signatures of OPA1 variants expressed in Opa1 deleted mouse embryonic fibroblasts (Opa1−/− MEFs), grown under selective conditions. Multivariate analyses of data discriminated Opa1+/+ from Opa1−/− MEFs metabolic signatures and classified OPA1 variants according to their in vitro severity. Indeed, the mild p.I382M hypomorphic variant was segregating close to the wild-type allele, while the most severe p.R445H variant was close to Opa1−/− MEFs, and the p.D603H and p.G439V alleles, responsible for isolated and syndromic presentations, respectively, were intermediary between the p.I382M and the p.R445H variants. The most discriminant metabolic features were hydroxyproline, the spermine/spermidine ratio, amino acid pool and several phospholipids, emphasizing proteostasis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and phospholipid remodeling as the main mechanisms ranking OPA1 allele impacts on metabolism. These results demonstrate the high resolving power of metabolomics in hierarchizing OPA1 missense mutations by their in vitro severity, fitting clinical expressivity. This suggests that our methodological approach can be used to discriminate the pathological significance of variants in genes responsible for other rare metabolic diseases and may be instrumental to select possible compounds eligible for supplementation treatment.
Published: 2020
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