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2. Poliomielitis

Author

Nakoulima, A.D., Zomahoun, L.D., Guèye, M.W., Diop, M., Ba Fall, K.M., and Fall, I.S.

Published
2023
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3. First production of X-rays at the ThomX high-intensity Compton source

Author

Jacquet, M, Alexandre, P, Alkadi, M, Alves, M, Amer, M, Amoudry, L, Auguste, D, Babigeon, J, Balcou, P, Baltazar, M, Benabderrahmane, C, el Fekih, R, Benoit, A, Berteaud, P, Biagini, M, Blin, A, Bobault, S, Bonanzingamarco, M, Bonenfant, J, Bonis, J, Bouanani, Y, Bouaziz, S, Bouvet, F, Bravin, A, Bruni, C, Bruyere, C, Bzyl, H, Cassinari, L, Cassou, K, Cayla, J, Chabaud, T, Chaikovska, I, Chance, S, Chapelle, C, Chaumat, V, Chiche, R, Cobessi, A, Cormier, E, Cornebise, P, Couprie, M, Cuoq, R, Dalifard, O, Degallaix, J, Delerue, N, Del Net, W, Diaz, A, Dietrich, Y, Diop, M, Dorkel, R, Douillet, D, Drebot, I, Dugal, J, Dupraz, K, Dupuy, E, El Ajjouri, M, El Kamchi, N, El Khaldi, M, Elleaume, H, Ergenlik, E, Estève, F, Favier, P, Fernandez, M, Gamelin, A, Garaut, J, Garolfi, L, Gauron, P, Gauthier, F, Girault, P, Gonnin, A, Grasset, D, Guerard, E, Guler, H, Haissinski, J, Hazemann, J, Helder, D, Herbeaux, C, Herry, E, Hodeau, J, Horodynski, J, Hubert, N, Iaquaniello, G, Jacquet, P, Jeantet, P, Jehanno, D, Jules, E, Kapoujyan, G, Kubytskyi, V, Labat, M, Labaye, F, Lacipière, J, Lacroix, M, Lahéra, E, Langlet, M, Lebarillec, T, Ledu, J, Le Duc, G, Le Guidec, D, Leluan, B, Lepercq, P, Lestrade, A, Jacquet M., Alexandre P., Alkadi M., Alves M., Amer M., Amoudry L., Auguste D., Babigeon J. L., Balcou P., Baltazar M., Benabderrahmane C., el Fekih R. B., Benoit A., Berteaud P., Biagini M., Blin A., Bobault S., Bonanzingamarco M., Bonenfant J., Bonis J., Bouanani Y., Bouaziz S., Bouvet F., Bravin A., Bruni C., Bruyere C., Bzyl H., Cassinari L., Cassou K., Cayla J. N., Chabaud T., Chaikovska I., Chance S., Chapelle C., Chaumat V., Chiche R., Cobessi A., Cormier E., Cornebise P., Couprie M. E., Cuoq R., Dalifard O., Degallaix J., Delerue N., Del Net W., Diaz A., Dietrich Y., Diop M., Dorkel R., Douillet D., Drebot I., Dugal J. P., Dupraz K., Dupuy E., El Ajjouri M., El Kamchi N., El Khaldi M., Elleaume H., Ergenlik E., Estève F., Favier P., Fernandez M., Gamelin A., Garaut J. F., Garolfi L., Gauron P., Gauthier F., Girault P., Gonnin A., Grasset D., Guerard E., Guler H., Haissinski J., Hazemann J. L., Helder D., Herbeaux C., Herry E., Hodeau J. L., Horodynski J. M., Hubert N., Iaquaniello G., Jacquet P., Jeantet P., Jehanno D., Jules E., Kapoujyan G., Kubytskyi V., Labat M., Labaye F., Lacipière J., Lacroix M., Lahéra E., Langlet M., Lebarillec T., Ledu J. F., Le Duc G., Le Guidec D., Leluan B., Lepercq P., Lestrade A., Jacquet, M, Alexandre, P, Alkadi, M, Alves, M, Amer, M, Amoudry, L, Auguste, D, Babigeon, J, Balcou, P, Baltazar, M, Benabderrahmane, C, el Fekih, R, Benoit, A, Berteaud, P, Biagini, M, Blin, A, Bobault, S, Bonanzingamarco, M, Bonenfant, J, Bonis, J, Bouanani, Y, Bouaziz, S, Bouvet, F, Bravin, A, Bruni, C, Bruyere, C, Bzyl, H, Cassinari, L, Cassou, K, Cayla, J, Chabaud, T, Chaikovska, I, Chance, S, Chapelle, C, Chaumat, V, Chiche, R, Cobessi, A, Cormier, E, Cornebise, P, Couprie, M, Cuoq, R, Dalifard, O, Degallaix, J, Delerue, N, Del Net, W, Diaz, A, Dietrich, Y, Diop, M, Dorkel, R, Douillet, D, Drebot, I, Dugal, J, Dupraz, K, Dupuy, E, El Ajjouri, M, El Kamchi, N, El Khaldi, M, Elleaume, H, Ergenlik, E, Estève, F, Favier, P, Fernandez, M, Gamelin, A, Garaut, J, Garolfi, L, Gauron, P, Gauthier, F, Girault, P, Gonnin, A, Grasset, D, Guerard, E, Guler, H, Haissinski, J, Hazemann, J, Helder, D, Herbeaux, C, Herry, E, Hodeau, J, Horodynski, J, Hubert, N, Iaquaniello, G, Jacquet, P, Jeantet, P, Jehanno, D, Jules, E, Kapoujyan, G, Kubytskyi, V, Labat, M, Labaye, F, Lacipière, J, Lacroix, M, Lahéra, E, Langlet, M, Lebarillec, T, Ledu, J, Le Duc, G, Le Guidec, D, Leluan, B, Lepercq, P, Lestrade, A, Jacquet M., Alexandre P., Alkadi M., Alves M., Amer M., Amoudry L., Auguste D., Babigeon J. L., Balcou P., Baltazar M., Benabderrahmane C., el Fekih R. B., Benoit A., Berteaud P., Biagini M., Blin A., Bobault S., Bonanzingamarco M., Bonenfant J., Bonis J., Bouanani Y., Bouaziz S., Bouvet F., Bravin A., Bruni C., Bruyere C., Bzyl H., Cassinari L., Cassou K., Cayla J. N., Chabaud T., Chaikovska I., Chance S., Chapelle C., Chaumat V., Chiche R., Cobessi A., Cormier E., Cornebise P., Couprie M. E., Cuoq R., Dalifard O., Degallaix J., Delerue N., Del Net W., Diaz A., Dietrich Y., Diop M., Dorkel R., Douillet D., Drebot I., Dugal J. P., Dupraz K., Dupuy E., El Ajjouri M., El Kamchi N., El Khaldi M., Elleaume H., Ergenlik E., Estève F., Favier P., Fernandez M., Gamelin A., Garaut J. F., Garolfi L., Gauron P., Gauthier F., Girault P., Gonnin A., Grasset D., Guerard E., Guler H., Haissinski J., Hazemann J. L., Helder D., Herbeaux C., Herry E., Hodeau J. L., Horodynski J. M., Hubert N., Iaquaniello G., Jacquet P., Jeantet P., Jehanno D., Jules E., Kapoujyan G., Kubytskyi V., Labat M., Labaye F., Lacipière J., Lacroix M., Lahéra E., Langlet M., Lebarillec T., Ledu J. F., Le Duc G., Le Guidec D., Leluan B., Lepercq P., and Lestrade A.

Abstract

With the increase in laser power and finesse of optical cavities over the last decade, laboratory-size Compton sources are very promising. These sources produce X-rays through interactions between relativistic electrons and laser photons and, in term of brightness, fall between large synchrotron facilities and classical laboratory X-ray sources. The ThomX source is the French project in this field. This article first presents a state of the art of high-intensity Compton sources, then the ThomX source is briefly described, and the first results are detailed, in particular the production of the first X-rays, the acquisition of the first spectrum and the first image of the beam. Finally, the next objectives are discussed.

Published
2024

5. Chlorophyll and pheophytin protonated and deprotonated ions: Observation and theory.

Author

Diop, M., El-Hayek, M., Attard, J., Muhieddine, A., Veremeienko, V., Soorkia, S., Carbonnière, Ph., de la Lande, A., Soep, B., and Shafizadeh, N.

Subjects
*CHLOROPHYLL, *ELECTROSPRAY ionization mass spectrometry, *DENSITY functional theory, *DOUBLE bonds, *IONS, *MOLECULAR dynamics
Abstract

Pheophytin a and chlorophyll a have been investigated by electrospray mass spectrometry in the positive and negative modes, in view of the importance of the knowledge of their properties in photosynthesis. Pheophytin and chlorophyll are both observed intensely in the protonated mode, and their main fragmentation route is the loss of their phytyl chain. Pheophytin is observed intact in the negative mode, while under collisions, it is primarily cleaved beyond the phytyl chain and loses the attaching propionate group. Chlorophyll is not detected in normal conditions in the negative mode, but addition of methanol solvent molecule is detected. Fragmentation of this adduct primarily forms a product (−30 amu) that dissociates into dephytyllated deprotonated chlorophyll. Semi-empirical molecular dynamics calculations show that the phytyl chain is unfolded from the chlorin cycle in pheophytin a and folded in chlorophyll a. Density functional theory calculations have been conducted to locate the charges on protonated and deprotonated pheophytin a and chlorophyll a and have found the major location sites that are notably more stable in energy by more than 0.5 eV than the others. The deprotonation site is found identical for pheophytin a and the chlorophyll a-methanol adduct. This is in line with experiment and calculation locating the addition of methanol on a double bond of deprotonated chlorophyll a. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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7. Development of a hybrid material based on Zn-Mg spinel ferrites covered with polypyrrole: structural, morphological, and electrical characteristics.

Author

Diop, M. G., Gueye, M., Lo, M., Faye, D., Cisse, M., and Guene, M.

Subjects
*HYBRID materials, *NANOCOMPOSITE materials, *ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis, *SOL-gel processes, *X-ray diffraction, *ZINC ferrites, *POLYPYRROLE
Abstract

In this study, we synthesized a range of spinel ferrite ZnxMg1-xFe2O4 (x = 0, 0.3) forms using the sol-gel method. Additionally, polypyrrole nanosphere supported by magnesium and zinc ferrites (ZnxMg1-xFe2O4@PPy) were synthesized through in-situ polymerisation. The surfaces of ZnxMg1-xFe2O4 (x = 0, 0.3) and ZnxMg1-xFe2O4@PPy were subjected to spectroscopic analysis. The data obtained from X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the formation of Zn-Mg spinel ferrite. The electrochemical analysis results demonstrated that the Zn0.3Mg0.7Fe2O4@PPy nanocomposites exhibited enhanced redox activity and a higher current intensity. This study highlights the development of hybrid Zn0.3Mg0.7Fe2O4@PPy type nanospheres with substantial and effective electrochemical properties, which could be a suitable option for industrial applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. REAL-WORLD EFFECTIVENESS OF NIRMATRELVIR/RITONAVIR ON COVID-19-ASSOCIATED HOSPITALIZATION PREVENTION: A POPULATION-BASED COHORT STUDY IN THE PROVINCE OF QUÉBEC, CANADA

Author

Kabore, J.L., primary, Laffont, B., additional, Diop, M., additional, Tardif, M.R., additional, Turgeon, A. F., additional, Dumaresq, J., additional, Luong, M., additional, Cauchon, M., additional, Chapdelaine, H., additional, Claveau, D., additional, Brosseau, M., additional, Haddad, E., additional, and Benigeri, M., additional

Published
2023
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21. Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Post-Motorcycle Deaths in the Forensic Medicine Unit of Gabriel Touré University Hospital, Bamako, Mali

Author

Coulibaly. M, Doumbia. N, Sangaré. D, Ouologuem. N, Saliou. M, Keita. I, Diop. M. T, Mariko. S, Berthé. B. B, Dembele. B, Diallo. Y. L, Sy. D, Traore. D, Keita. K, Kaya. A. S, and Kanikomo. D

Subjects
General Medicine
Abstract

Introduction: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are nowadays a real worldwide scourge because of the high number of victims. In Mali, we have little data related to the characteristics of deaths related to MVAs, hence the interest of this study which aimed to determine the sociodemographic, clinical and paraclinical characteristics of deaths involving a motorcycle received in our forensic medicine unit. Materials and method: This was a prospective, monocentric, cross-sectional study conducted from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016 in the forensic medicine unit of the CHU GT. Were included, all deaths involving a motorcycle received in our unit and accompanied by a requisition. Results: Of 458 MVA deaths, we identified 147 motorcycle deaths, a prevalence of 32.1%. The mean age was 36.5 years with extremes of 1 to 72 years and a sex ratio of 7.65. Students were the most represented, 90 cases (25.18%). The motorcycle mechanism was more frequent 90 cases (61.9%). The month of May and the hours from 19:00 to 05:00 were the most frequent times of occurrence of accidents respectively 37 cases (25.2%) and 76 cases (51.7%). Polytraumatic lesions were found on 83 bodies, i.e. 56.46%. Death was noted on arrival in 80% of cases and none of our bodies had undergone autopsy. Conclusion: Motorcycle accidents on public roads remain a major public health problem in our country.

Published
2021

22. A framework for advancing sustainable magnetic resonance imaging access in Africa

Author

Anazodo, U.C., Ng, J.J., Ehiogu, B., Obungoloch, J., Fatade, A., Mutsaerts, H.J.M.M., Secca, M.F., Diop, M., Opadele, A., Alexander, D.C., Dada, M.O., Ogbole, G., Nunes, R., Figueiredo, P., Figini, M., Aribisala, B., Awojoyogbe, B.O., Aduluwa, H., Sprenger, C., Wagner, R., Olakunle, A., Romeo, D., Sun, Y.S., Fezeu, F., Orunmuyi, A.T., Geethanath, S., Gulani, V., Nganga, E.C., Adeleke, S., Ntobeuko, N., Minja, F.J., Webb, A.G., Asllani, I., Dako, F., Consortium Adv MRI Educ Res Africa, and Radiology and nuclear medicine

Subjects
MRI scanner density, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), capacity building, global radiology, Africa, Molecular Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, needs assessment survey, Spectroscopy, MRI Access
Abstract

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology has profoundly transformed current healthcare systems globally, owing to advances in hardware and software research innovations. Despite these advances, MRI remains largely inaccessible to clinicians, patients, and researchers in low-resource areas, such as Africa. The rapidly growing burden of noncommunicable diseases in Africa underscores the importance of improving access to MRI equipment as well as training and research opportunities on the continent. The Consortium for Advancement of MRI Education and Research in Africa (CAMERA) is a network of African biomedical imaging experts and global partners, implementing novel strategies to advance MRI access and research in Africa. Upon its inception in 2019, CAMERA sets out to identify challenges to MRI usage and provide a framework for addressing MRI needs in the region. To this end, CAMERA conducted a needs assessment survey (NAS) and a series of symposia at international MRI society meetings over a 2-year period. The 68-question NAS was distributed to MRI users in Africa and was completed by 157 clinicians and scientists from across Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). On average, the number of MRI scanners per million people remained at less than one, of which 39% were obsolete low-field systems but still in use to meet daily clinical needs. The feasibility of coupling stable energy supplies from various sources has contributed to the growing number of higher-field (1.5 T) MRI scanners in the region. However, these systems are underutilized, with only 8% of facilities reporting clinical scans of 15 or more patients per day, per scanner. The most frequently reported MRI scans were neurological and musculoskeletal. The CAMERA NAS combined with the World Health Organization and International Atomic Energy Agency data provides the most up-to-date data on MRI density in Africa and offers a unique insight into Africa's MRI needs. Reported gaps in training, maintenance, and research capacity indicate ongoing challenges in providing sustainable high-value MRI access in SSA. Findings from the NAS and focused discussions at international MRI society meetings provided the basis for the framework presented here for advancing MRI capacity in SSA. While these findings pertain to SSA, the framework provides a model for advancing imaging needs in other low-resource settings.

Published
2022

23. Sarcoidal granuloma on exogenous ochronosis

Author

Tene Ndiaye Diop, M., primary, Seck, B., additional, Diop, A., additional, Diop, K., additional, Deh, A., additional, Ndour, N., additional, Ndiaye, C., additional, Sarr, M., additional, Diadie, S., additional, Ahy Diatta, B., additional, Ndiaye, M., additional, Diallo, M., additional, and Ly, F., additional

Published
2022
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25. Good Management of an Ischemic Stroke on Postpartum Complicated Gestational Hypertension and Uterine Rupture

Author

Barboza D, Diop M, Diagne SA, Ndiaye A, Ntab SO, Ba EB, Gaye I, Diédhiou M, and Diouf E

Subjects
General Medicine
Abstract

We present a case of postpartum ischemic stroke due to hypertension of pregnancy complicated by uterine rupture. Thanks to the clinical elements, in particular postpartum seizures, disturbances of consciousness and an immediate CT scan confirmed the diagnosis. The patient was resuscitated and transferred to neurology with hemiparesis as a sequel. We hope that the treatment of these patients can be improved thanks to our experience in this case management.

Published
2021

26. APPROXIMATE CONTROLLABILITY OF IMPULSIVE INTEGRODIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH STATE-DEPENDENT DELAY.

Author

FALL, M., DEHIGBE, B., EZZINBI, K., and DIOP, M. A.

Subjects
INTEGRO-differential equations, RESOLVENTS (Mathematics), OPERATOR theory, HILBERT space
Abstract

This paper considers the approximate controllability of mild solutions for impulsive semilinear integrodifferential equations with statedependent delay in Hilbert spaces. We obtain our significant findings using Grimmer's resolvent operator theory and Schauder's fixed point theorem. We give an example at the end to ensure the compatibility of the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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27. NEW DISCUSSION ON GLOBAL EXISTENCE AND ATTRACTIVITY OF MILD SOLUTIONS FOR NONAUTONOMOUS INTEGRODIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH STATE-DEPENDENT DELAY.

Author

NDIAYE, A. A., FALL, M., TRAORE, M. B., and DIOP, M. A.

Subjects
INTEGRO-differential equations, FUNCTIONAL equations, DELAY differential equations, RESOLVENTS (Mathematics), FUNCTIONAL differential equations, FIXED point theory, DIFFERENCE equations
Abstract

This paper investigates a functional integral differential equation with state-dependent delay in Banach spaces. This equation's linear part depends on time and generates a linear evolution system. Using the resolvent operator and fixed-point methods theory, we formulate a new set of sufficient conditions for mild solutions of functional integral-differential equations with state-dependent delays. The next part of this study examines the attractiveness of mild solutions for the system under consideration. Finally, we give an example to illustrate the theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023

33. 163 - Rapport d'investigation : foyer de PFA non-poliomyélitique, Kédougou-Sénégal, 2020

Author

Keita, I.M., primary, Thiaw, I., additional, Faye, M., additional, Mbodj, B., additional, Deme, A.K., additional, Danfakha, F., additional, Kouta, O., additional, Ly, M., additional, Thioub, D., additional, Diop, B., additional, Hanne, I., additional, Diop, M., additional, Ndiaye, EM., additional, Barry, D., additional, Kabore, J., additional, and Ndiaye, A.D., additional

Published
2022
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36. The ThomX ICS source

Author

Dupraz, K, Alkadi, M, Alves, M, Amoudry, L, Auguste, D, Babigeon, J, Baltazar, M, Benoit, A, Bonis, J, Bonenfant, J, Bruni, C, Cassou, K, Cayla, J, Chabaud, T, Chaikovska, I, Chance, S, Chaumat, V, Chiche, R, Cobessi, A, Cornebise, P, Dalifard, O, Delerue, N, Dorkel, R, Douillet, D, Dugal, J, El Kamchi, N, El Khaldi, M, Ergenlik, E, Favier, P, Fernandez, M, Gamelin, A, Garaut, J, Garolfi, L, Gauron, P, Gauthier, F, Gonnin, A, Grasset, D, Guerard, E, Guler, H, Haissinski, J, Herry, E, Iaquaniello, G, Jacquet, M, Jules, E, Kubytskyi, V, Langlet, M, Le Barillec, T, Ledu, J, Leguidec, D, Leluan, B, Lepercq, P, Letellier-Cohen, F, Marie, R, Marrucho, J, Martens, A, Mageur, C, Mercadier, G, Mercier, B, Mistretta, E, Monard, H, Moutardier, A, Neveu, O, Nutarelli, D, Omeich, M, Peinaud, Y, Petrilli, Y, Pichet, M, Plaige, E, Prevost, C, Rudnicky, P, Soskov, V, Taurigna-Quere, M, Trochet, S, Vallerand, C, Vitez, O, Wicek, F, Wurth, S, Zomer, F, Alexandre, P, Ben El Fekih, R, Berteaud, P, Bouvet, F, Cuoq, R, Diaz, A, Dietrich, Y, Diop, M, Pedeau, D, Dupuy, E, Marteau, F, Helder, D, Hubert, N, Veteran, J, Labat, M, Lestrade, A, Letresor, A, Lopes, R, Loulergue, A, Louvet, M, Marchand, P, El Ajjouri, M, Muller, D, Nadji, A, Nadolski, L, Nagaoka, R, Petit, S, Pollina, J, Ribeiro, F, Ros, M, Salvia, J, Bobault, S, Sebdaoui, M, Sreedharan, R, Bouanai, Y, Hazemann, J, Hodeau, J, Roy, E, Jeantet, P, Lacipiere, J, Robert, P, Horodynski, J, Bzyl, H, Chapelle, C, Biagini, M, Walter, P, Bravin, A, Del Net, W, Lahera, E, Proux, O, Elleaume, H, Cormier, E, Dupraz K., Alkadi M., Alves M., Amoudry L., Auguste D., Babigeon J. -L., Baltazar M., Benoit A., Bonis J., Bonenfant J., Bruni C., Cassou K., Cayla J. -N., Chabaud T., Chaikovska I., Chance S., Chaumat V., Chiche R., Cobessi A., Cornebise P., Dalifard O., Delerue N., Dorkel R., Douillet D., Dugal J. -P., El Kamchi N., El Khaldi M., Ergenlik E., Favier P., Fernandez M., Gamelin A., Garaut J. -F., Garolfi L., Gauron P., Gauthier F., Gonnin A., Grasset D., Guerard E., Guler H., Haissinski J., Herry E., Iaquaniello G., Jacquet M., Jules E., Kubytskyi V., Langlet M., Le Barillec T., Ledu J. -F., Leguidec D., Leluan B., Lepercq P., Letellier-Cohen F., Marie R., Marrucho J. -C., Martens A., Mageur C., Mercadier G., Mercier B., Mistretta E., Monard H., Moutardier A., Neveu O., Nutarelli D., Omeich M., Peinaud Y., Petrilli Y., Pichet M., Plaige E., Prevost C., Rudnicky P., Soskov V., Taurigna-Quere M., Trochet S., Vallerand C., Vitez O., Wicek F., Wurth S., Zomer F., Alexandre P., Ben El Fekih R., Berteaud P., Bouvet F., Cuoq R., Diaz A., Dietrich Y., Diop M., Pedeau D., Dupuy E., Marteau F., Helder D., Hubert N., Veteran J., Labat M., Lestrade A., Letresor A., Lopes R., Loulergue A., Louvet M., Marchand P., El Ajjouri M., Muller D., Nadji A., Nadolski L., Nagaoka R., Petit S., Pollina J. -P., Ribeiro F., Ros M., Salvia J., Bobault S., Sebdaoui M., Sreedharan R., Bouanai Y., Hazemann J. -L., Hodeau J. -L., Roy E., Jeantet P., Lacipiere J., Robert P., Horodynski J. -M., Bzyl H., Chapelle C., Biagini M., Walter P., Bravin A., Del Net W., Lahera E., Proux O., Elleaume H., Cormier E., Dupraz, K, Alkadi, M, Alves, M, Amoudry, L, Auguste, D, Babigeon, J, Baltazar, M, Benoit, A, Bonis, J, Bonenfant, J, Bruni, C, Cassou, K, Cayla, J, Chabaud, T, Chaikovska, I, Chance, S, Chaumat, V, Chiche, R, Cobessi, A, Cornebise, P, Dalifard, O, Delerue, N, Dorkel, R, Douillet, D, Dugal, J, El Kamchi, N, El Khaldi, M, Ergenlik, E, Favier, P, Fernandez, M, Gamelin, A, Garaut, J, Garolfi, L, Gauron, P, Gauthier, F, Gonnin, A, Grasset, D, Guerard, E, Guler, H, Haissinski, J, Herry, E, Iaquaniello, G, Jacquet, M, Jules, E, Kubytskyi, V, Langlet, M, Le Barillec, T, Ledu, J, Leguidec, D, Leluan, B, Lepercq, P, Letellier-Cohen, F, Marie, R, Marrucho, J, Martens, A, Mageur, C, Mercadier, G, Mercier, B, Mistretta, E, Monard, H, Moutardier, A, Neveu, O, Nutarelli, D, Omeich, M, Peinaud, Y, Petrilli, Y, Pichet, M, Plaige, E, Prevost, C, Rudnicky, P, Soskov, V, Taurigna-Quere, M, Trochet, S, Vallerand, C, Vitez, O, Wicek, F, Wurth, S, Zomer, F, Alexandre, P, Ben El Fekih, R, Berteaud, P, Bouvet, F, Cuoq, R, Diaz, A, Dietrich, Y, Diop, M, Pedeau, D, Dupuy, E, Marteau, F, Helder, D, Hubert, N, Veteran, J, Labat, M, Lestrade, A, Letresor, A, Lopes, R, Loulergue, A, Louvet, M, Marchand, P, El Ajjouri, M, Muller, D, Nadji, A, Nadolski, L, Nagaoka, R, Petit, S, Pollina, J, Ribeiro, F, Ros, M, Salvia, J, Bobault, S, Sebdaoui, M, Sreedharan, R, Bouanai, Y, Hazemann, J, Hodeau, J, Roy, E, Jeantet, P, Lacipiere, J, Robert, P, Horodynski, J, Bzyl, H, Chapelle, C, Biagini, M, Walter, P, Bravin, A, Del Net, W, Lahera, E, Proux, O, Elleaume, H, Cormier, E, Dupraz K., Alkadi M., Alves M., Amoudry L., Auguste D., Babigeon J. -L., Baltazar M., Benoit A., Bonis J., Bonenfant J., Bruni C., Cassou K., Cayla J. -N., Chabaud T., Chaikovska I., Chance S., Chaumat V., Chiche R., Cobessi A., Cornebise P., Dalifard O., Delerue N., Dorkel R., Douillet D., Dugal J. -P., El Kamchi N., El Khaldi M., Ergenlik E., Favier P., Fernandez M., Gamelin A., Garaut J. -F., Garolfi L., Gauron P., Gauthier F., Gonnin A., Grasset D., Guerard E., Guler H., Haissinski J., Herry E., Iaquaniello G., Jacquet M., Jules E., Kubytskyi V., Langlet M., Le Barillec T., Ledu J. -F., Leguidec D., Leluan B., Lepercq P., Letellier-Cohen F., Marie R., Marrucho J. -C., Martens A., Mageur C., Mercadier G., Mercier B., Mistretta E., Monard H., Moutardier A., Neveu O., Nutarelli D., Omeich M., Peinaud Y., Petrilli Y., Pichet M., Plaige E., Prevost C., Rudnicky P., Soskov V., Taurigna-Quere M., Trochet S., Vallerand C., Vitez O., Wicek F., Wurth S., Zomer F., Alexandre P., Ben El Fekih R., Berteaud P., Bouvet F., Cuoq R., Diaz A., Dietrich Y., Diop M., Pedeau D., Dupuy E., Marteau F., Helder D., Hubert N., Veteran J., Labat M., Lestrade A., Letresor A., Lopes R., Loulergue A., Louvet M., Marchand P., El Ajjouri M., Muller D., Nadji A., Nadolski L., Nagaoka R., Petit S., Pollina J. -P., Ribeiro F., Ros M., Salvia J., Bobault S., Sebdaoui M., Sreedharan R., Bouanai Y., Hazemann J. -L., Hodeau J. -L., Roy E., Jeantet P., Lacipiere J., Robert P., Horodynski J. -M., Bzyl H., Chapelle C., Biagini M., Walter P., Bravin A., Del Net W., Lahera E., Proux O., Elleaume H., and Cormier E.

Abstract

ThomX is a new generation Compact Compton Source. It is currently commissioned by and at the IJCLab (Laboratoire de physique des 2 infinis - Irène Joliot-Curie (UMR9012)) at Orsay. The first beam is expected at the begining of 2021. The aim of ThomX is to demonstrate the characteristics of an intense and Compact (lab-size) X-ray source based on Compton Scattering. The performances are mostly driven by the laser optical system which is above the state of the art of stored laser power. Proof of principle of various X-ray techniques will be performed thanks to the versatile ThomX beamline. Firstly, this article presents the machine description. Secondly, the issues and limits of the laser system are discussed. Then, the ThomX beamline is described and the machine status conclude the ThomX presentation. Finally, the expected performances for the next years and the possible experiments that can be made with this new machine are detailed.

Published
2020

37. ANTIBIOTIC USAGE IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT SETTING IN MALI

Author

Beye S A, Traoré A, Camara B, Dicko H, Traoré A M, Keita M, Traoré B, Coulibaly M, Touré M K, Diop M Th, Kante M, Sidibe A, Diango M D, and Coulibaly Y

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.drug_class, law, business.industry, Antibiotics, medicine, business, Intensive care medicine, Intensive care unit, law.invention
Abstract

Antibiotics remains an issue in intensive care units (ICUs), because of its overuse and the emergence of bacterial resistance. The objective of the study was to evaluate the prescription of antibiotics in ICUs at university teaching and the regional hospitals in Mali. PATIENTS AND METHODS: It was a cross sectorial retrospective and multicentric study over six months. The inclusion criteria were, all the patients hospitalized in ICUs at least for 48 hours with antibiotic treatment. We also included the cost of the daily consumption of antibiotics. The Microsoft excel was used for data entry and the data analysis was done with the software Epi info version 3.5.2. RESULTS: Five hundred sixty-and-six (566) patient les responded to the inclusion criteria. The antibiotics prescription rate was 43.3%. The mean age of the patients was 36.8 ± 20.7. The women were more represented (59.7%). The monotherapy (60.6%) was the most common concept use. The third-generation cephalosporin (3GC) was used in monotherapy (27.7%). The average volume of consumption of antibiotics in monotherapy was the highest. The analysis of the data showed that the volume consumption of antibiotics was different according to grade of the prescribers which was respectively 98972.3 for anaesthesia & intensive care residents and 74990.7 for anaesthetist-intensivist. The treatment was reviewed during the rst 48 hours (99.8%) and was readapted in 106 of the patients (18.7%). We mainly increased the doses of antibiotics 77.4%. The average duration of the treatment was 5.2 ± 3.7 (days). CONCLUSION: The use of antibiotics remains high and uncontrol in intensive care units in Mali, which could be explain by the limited blood culture testing and insufcient of qualied human resource in some of the regional hospitals.

Published
2021

38. HBV continuum of care using community- and hospital-based screening interventions in Senegal: Results from the PROLIFICA programme.

Author

Sow, A, Lemoine, M, Toure, PS, Diop, M, Lo, G, De Veiga, J, Pape, OT, Seck, K, Ndow, G, Bojang, L, Kane, A, Oudiane, M, Howell, J, Nayagam, S, Moutchia, J, Chemin, I, Mendy, M, Toure-Kane, C, Thursz, M, Ka, M, Shimakawa, Y, Mboup, S, Sow, A, Lemoine, M, Toure, PS, Diop, M, Lo, G, De Veiga, J, Pape, OT, Seck, K, Ndow, G, Bojang, L, Kane, A, Oudiane, M, Howell, J, Nayagam, S, Moutchia, J, Chemin, I, Mendy, M, Toure-Kane, C, Thursz, M, Ka, M, Shimakawa, Y, and Mboup, S

Abstract

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Strategies to implement HBV screening and treatment are critical to achieve HBV elimination but have been inadequately evaluated in sub-Saharan Africa (sSA). METHODS: We assessed the feasibility of screen-and-treat interventions in 3 real-world settings (community, workplace, and hospital) in Senegal. Adult participants were screened using a rapid HBsAg point-of-care test. The proportion linked to care, the proportion who had complete clinical staging (alanine transaminase [ALT], viral load, and FibroScan®), and the proportion eligible for treatment were compared among the 3 intervention groups. RESULTS: In 2013-2016, a total of 3,665 individuals were screened for HBsAg in the community (n = 2,153) and in workplaces (n = 1,512); 199/2,153 (9.2%) and 167/1,512 (11%) were HBsAg-positive in the community and workplaces, respectively. In the hospital setting (outpatient clinics), 638 HBsAg-positive participants were enrolled in the study. All infected participants were treatment naïve. Linkage to care was similar among community-based (69.9%), workplace-based (69.5%), and hospital-based interventions (72.6%, p = 0.617). Of HBV-infected participants successfully linked to care, full clinical staging was obtained in 47.5% (66/139), 59.5% (69/116), and 71.1% (329/463) from the community, workplaces, and hospitals, respectively (p <0.001). The proportion eligible for treatment (EASL criteria) differed among community- (9.1%), workplace- (30.4%), and hospital-based settings (17.6%, p = 0.007). Acceptability of antiviral therapy, adherence, and safety at 1 year were very good. CONCLUSIONS: HBV screen-and-treat interventions are feasible in non-hospital and hospital settings in Senegal. However, the continuum of care is suboptimal owing to limited access to full clinical staging. Improvement in access to diagnostic services is urgently needed in sSA. LAY SUMMARY: Hepatitis B infection is highly endemic in Senegal. Screening for infection can be done outside

Published
2022

39. The evolving SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Africa: Insights from rapidly expanding genomic surveillance

Author

Tegally, H, San, JE, Cotten, M, Moir, M, Tegomoh, B, Mboowa, G, Martin, DP, Baxter, C, Lambisia, AW, Diallo, A, Amoako, DG, Diagne, MM, Sisay, A, Zekri, A-RN, Gueye, AS, Sangare, AK, Ouedraogo, A-S, Sow, A, Musa, AO, Sesay, AK, Abias, AG, Elzagheid, A, Lagare, A, Kemi, A-S, Abar, AE, Johnson, AA, Fowotade, A, Oluwapelumi, AO, Amuri, AA, Juru, A, Kandeil, A, Mostafa, A, Rebai, A, Sayed, A, Kazeem, A, Balde, A, Christoffels, A, Trotter, AJ, Campbell, A, Keita, AK, Kone, A, Bouzid, A, Souissi, A, Agweyu, A, Naguib, A, Gutierrez, A, Nkeshimana, A, Page, AJ, Yadouleton, A, Vinze, A, Happi, AN, Chouikha, A, Iranzadeh, A, Maharaj, A, Batchi-Bouyou, AL, Ismail, A, Sylverken, AA, Goba, A, Femi, A, Sijuwola, AE, Marycelin, B, Salako, BL, Oderinde, BS, Bolajoko, B, Diarra, B, Herring, BL, Tsofa, B, Lekana-Douki, B, Mvula, B, Njanpop-Lafourcade, B-M, Marondera, BT, Khaireh, BA, Kouriba, B, Adu, B, Pool, B, McInnis, B, Brook, C, Williamson, C, Nduwimana, C, Anscombe, C, Pratt, CB, Scheepers, C, Akoua-Koffi, CG, Agoti, CN, Mapanguy, CM, Loucoubar, C, Onwuamah, CK, Ihekweazu, C, Malaka, CN, Peyrefitte, C, Grace, C, Omoruyi, CE, Rafai, CD, Morang'a, CM, Erameh, C, Lule, DB, Bridges, DJ, Mukadi-Bamuleka, D, Park, D, Rasmussen, DA, Baker, D, Nokes, DJ, Ssemwanga, D, Tshiabuila, D, Amuzu, DSY, Goedhals, D, Grant, DS, Omuoyo, DO, Maruapula, D, Wanjohi, DW, Foster-Nyarko, E, Lusamaki, EK, Simulundu, E, Ong'era, EM, Ngabana, EN, Abworo, EO, Otieno, E, Shumba, E, Barasa, E, Ahmed, EB, Ahmed, EA, Lokilo, E, Mukantwari, E, Philomena, E, Belarbi, E, Simon-Loriere, E, Anoh, EA, Manuel, E, Leendertz, F, Taweh, FM, Wasfi, F, Abdelmoula, F, Takawira, FT, Derrar, F, Ajogbasile, F, Treurnicht, F, Onikepe, F, Ntoumi, F, Muyembe, FM, Ragomzingba, FEZ, Dratibi, FA, Iyanu, F-A, Mbunsu, GK, Thilliez, G, Kay, GL, Akpede, GO, van Zyl, GU, Awandare, GA, Kpeli, GS, Schubert, G, Maphalala, GP, Ranaivoson, HC, Omunakwe, HE, Onywera, H, Abe, H, Karray, H, Nansumba, H, Triki, H, Kadjo, HAA, Elgahzaly, H, Gumbo, H, Mathieu, H, Kavunga-Membo, H, Smeti, I, Olawoye, IB, Adetifa, IMO, Odia, I, Ben Boubaker, IB, Mohammad, IA, Ssewanyana, I, Wurie, I, Konstantinus, IS, Halatoko, JWA, Ayei, J, Sonoo, J, Makangara, J-CC, Tamfum, J-JM, Heraud, J-M, Shaffer, JG, Giandhari, J, Musyoki, J, Nkurunziza, J, Uwanibe, JN, Bhiman, JN, Yasuda, J, Morais, J, Kiconco, J, Sandi, JD, Huddleston, J, Odoom, JK, Morobe, JM, Gyapong, JO, Kayiwa, JT, Okolie, JC, Xavier, JS, Gyamfi, J, Wamala, JF, Bonney, JHK, Nyandwi, J, Everatt, J, Nakaseegu, J, Ngoi, JM, Namulondo, J, Oguzie, JU, Andeko, JC, Lutwama, JJ, Mogga, JJH, O'Grady, J, Siddle, KJ, Victoir, K, Adeyemi, KT, Tumedi, KA, Carvalho, KS, Mohammed, KS, Dellagi, K, Musonda, KG, Duedu, KO, Fki-Berrajah, L, Singh, L, Kepler, LM, Biscornet, L, Martins, LDO, Chabuka, L, Olubayo, L, Ojok, LD, Deng, LL, Ochola-Oyier, L, Tyers, L, Mine, M, Ramuth, M, Mastouri, M, ElHefnawi, M, Mbanne, M, Matsheka, M, Kebabonye, M, Diop, M, Momoh, M, Lima Mendonca, MDL, Venter, M, Paye, MF, Faye, M, Nyaga, MM, Mareka, M, Damaris, M-M, Mburu, MW, Mpina, MG, Owusu, M, Wiley, MR, Tatfeng, MY, Ayekaba, MO, Abouelhoda, M, Beloufa, MA, Seadawy, MG, Khalifa, MK, Matobo, MM, Kane, M, Salou, M, Mbulawa, MB, Mwenda, M, Allam, M, Phan, MVT, Abid, N, Rujeni, N, Abuzaid, N, Ismael, N, Elguindy, N, Top, NM, Dia, N, Mabunda, N, Hsiao, N-Y, Silochi, NB, Francisco, NM, Saasa, N, Bbosa, N, Murunga, N, Gumede, N, Wolter, N, Sitharam, N, Ndodo, N, Ajayi, NA, Tordo, N, Mbhele, N, Razanajatovo, NH, Iguosadolo, N, Mba, N, Kingsley, OC, Sylvanus, O, Femi, O, Adewumi, OM, Testimony, O, Ogunsanya, OA, Fakayode, O, Ogah, OE, Oludayo, O-E, Faye, O, Smith-Lawrence, P, Ondoa, P, Combe, P, Nabisubi, P, Semanda, P, Oluniyi, PE, Arnaldo, P, Quashie, PK, Okokhere, PO, Bejon, P, Dussart, P, Bester, PA, Mbala, PK, Kaleebu, P, Abechi, P, El-Shesheny, R, Joseph, R, Aziz, RK, Essomba, RG, Ayivor-Djanie, R, Njouom, R, Phillips, RO, Gorman, R, Kingsley, RA, Neto Rodrigues, RMDESA, Audu, RA, Carr, RAA, Gargouri, S, Masmoudi, S, Bootsma, S, Sankhe, S, Mohamed, SI, Femi, S, Mhalla, S, Hosch, S, Kassim, SK, Metha, S, Trabelsi, S, Agwa, SH, Mwangi, SW, Doumbia, S, Makiala-Mandanda, S, Aryeetey, S, Ahmed, SS, Ahmed, SM, Elhamoumi, S, Moyo, S, Lutucuta, S, Gaseitsiwe, S, Jalloh, S, Andriamandimby, SF, Oguntope, S, Grayo, S, Lekana-Douki, S, Prosolek, S, Ouangraoua, S, van Wyk, S, Schaffner, SF, Kanyerezi, S, Ahuka-Mundeke, S, Rudder, S, Pillay, S, Nabadda, S, Behillil, S, Budiaki, SL, van der Werf, S, Mashe, T, Mohale, T, Le-Viet, T, Velavan, TP, Schindler, T, Maponga, TG, Bedford, T, Anyaneji, UJ, Chinedu, U, Ramphal, U, George, UE, Enouf, V, Nene, V, Gorova, V, Roshdy, WH, Karim, WA, Ampofo, WK, Preiser, W, Choga, WT, Ahmed, YA, Ramphal, Y, Bediako, Y, Naidoo, Y, Butera, Y, de Laurent, ZR, Ouma, AEO, von Gottberg, A, Githinji, G, Moeti, M, Tomori, O, Sabeti, PC, Sall, AA, Oyola, SO, Tebeje, YK, Tessema, SK, de Oliveira, T, Happi, C, Lessells, R, Nkengasong, J, Wilkinson, E, Tegally, H, San, JE, Cotten, M, Moir, M, Tegomoh, B, Mboowa, G, Martin, DP, Baxter, C, Lambisia, AW, Diallo, A, Amoako, DG, Diagne, MM, Sisay, A, Zekri, A-RN, Gueye, AS, Sangare, AK, Ouedraogo, A-S, Sow, A, Musa, AO, Sesay, AK, Abias, AG, Elzagheid, A, Lagare, A, Kemi, A-S, Abar, AE, Johnson, AA, Fowotade, A, Oluwapelumi, AO, Amuri, AA, Juru, A, Kandeil, A, Mostafa, A, Rebai, A, Sayed, A, Kazeem, A, Balde, A, Christoffels, A, Trotter, AJ, Campbell, A, Keita, AK, Kone, A, Bouzid, A, Souissi, A, Agweyu, A, Naguib, A, Gutierrez, A, Nkeshimana, A, Page, AJ, Yadouleton, A, Vinze, A, Happi, AN, Chouikha, A, Iranzadeh, A, Maharaj, A, Batchi-Bouyou, AL, Ismail, A, Sylverken, AA, Goba, A, Femi, A, Sijuwola, AE, Marycelin, B, Salako, BL, Oderinde, BS, Bolajoko, B, Diarra, B, Herring, BL, Tsofa, B, Lekana-Douki, B, Mvula, B, Njanpop-Lafourcade, B-M, Marondera, BT, Khaireh, BA, Kouriba, B, Adu, B, Pool, B, McInnis, B, Brook, C, Williamson, C, Nduwimana, C, Anscombe, C, Pratt, CB, Scheepers, C, Akoua-Koffi, CG, Agoti, CN, Mapanguy, CM, Loucoubar, C, Onwuamah, CK, Ihekweazu, C, Malaka, CN, Peyrefitte, C, Grace, C, Omoruyi, CE, Rafai, CD, Morang'a, CM, Erameh, C, Lule, DB, Bridges, DJ, Mukadi-Bamuleka, D, Park, D, Rasmussen, DA, Baker, D, Nokes, DJ, Ssemwanga, D, Tshiabuila, D, Amuzu, DSY, Goedhals, D, Grant, DS, Omuoyo, DO, Maruapula, D, Wanjohi, DW, Foster-Nyarko, E, Lusamaki, EK, Simulundu, E, Ong'era, EM, Ngabana, EN, Abworo, EO, Otieno, E, Shumba, E, Barasa, E, Ahmed, EB, Ahmed, EA, Lokilo, E, Mukantwari, E, Philomena, E, Belarbi, E, Simon-Loriere, E, Anoh, EA, Manuel, E, Leendertz, F, Taweh, FM, Wasfi, F, Abdelmoula, F, Takawira, FT, Derrar, F, Ajogbasile, F, Treurnicht, F, Onikepe, F, Ntoumi, F, Muyembe, FM, Ragomzingba, FEZ, Dratibi, FA, Iyanu, F-A, Mbunsu, GK, Thilliez, G, Kay, GL, Akpede, GO, van Zyl, GU, Awandare, GA, Kpeli, GS, Schubert, G, Maphalala, GP, Ranaivoson, HC, Omunakwe, HE, Onywera, H, Abe, H, Karray, H, Nansumba, H, Triki, H, Kadjo, HAA, Elgahzaly, H, Gumbo, H, Mathieu, H, Kavunga-Membo, H, Smeti, I, Olawoye, IB, Adetifa, IMO, Odia, I, Ben Boubaker, IB, Mohammad, IA, Ssewanyana, I, Wurie, I, Konstantinus, IS, Halatoko, JWA, Ayei, J, Sonoo, J, Makangara, J-CC, Tamfum, J-JM, Heraud, J-M, Shaffer, JG, Giandhari, J, Musyoki, J, Nkurunziza, J, Uwanibe, JN, Bhiman, JN, Yasuda, J, Morais, J, Kiconco, J, Sandi, JD, Huddleston, J, Odoom, JK, Morobe, JM, Gyapong, JO, Kayiwa, JT, Okolie, JC, Xavier, JS, Gyamfi, J, Wamala, JF, Bonney, JHK, Nyandwi, J, Everatt, J, Nakaseegu, J, Ngoi, JM, Namulondo, J, Oguzie, JU, Andeko, JC, Lutwama, JJ, Mogga, JJH, O'Grady, J, Siddle, KJ, Victoir, K, Adeyemi, KT, Tumedi, KA, Carvalho, KS, Mohammed, KS, Dellagi, K, Musonda, KG, Duedu, KO, Fki-Berrajah, L, Singh, L, Kepler, LM, Biscornet, L, Martins, LDO, Chabuka, L, Olubayo, L, Ojok, LD, Deng, LL, Ochola-Oyier, L, Tyers, L, Mine, M, Ramuth, M, Mastouri, M, ElHefnawi, M, Mbanne, M, Matsheka, M, Kebabonye, M, Diop, M, Momoh, M, Lima Mendonca, MDL, Venter, M, Paye, MF, Faye, M, Nyaga, MM, Mareka, M, Damaris, M-M, Mburu, MW, Mpina, MG, Owusu, M, Wiley, MR, Tatfeng, MY, Ayekaba, MO, Abouelhoda, M, Beloufa, MA, Seadawy, MG, Khalifa, MK, Matobo, MM, Kane, M, Salou, M, Mbulawa, MB, Mwenda, M, Allam, M, Phan, MVT, Abid, N, Rujeni, N, Abuzaid, N, Ismael, N, Elguindy, N, Top, NM, Dia, N, Mabunda, N, Hsiao, N-Y, Silochi, NB, Francisco, NM, Saasa, N, Bbosa, N, Murunga, N, Gumede, N, Wolter, N, Sitharam, N, Ndodo, N, Ajayi, NA, Tordo, N, Mbhele, N, Razanajatovo, NH, Iguosadolo, N, Mba, N, Kingsley, OC, Sylvanus, O, Femi, O, Adewumi, OM, Testimony, O, Ogunsanya, OA, Fakayode, O, Ogah, OE, Oludayo, O-E, Faye, O, Smith-Lawrence, P, Ondoa, P, Combe, P, Nabisubi, P, Semanda, P, Oluniyi, PE, Arnaldo, P, Quashie, PK, Okokhere, PO, Bejon, P, Dussart, P, Bester, PA, Mbala, PK, Kaleebu, P, Abechi, P, El-Shesheny, R, Joseph, R, Aziz, RK, Essomba, RG, Ayivor-Djanie, R, Njouom, R, Phillips, RO, Gorman, R, Kingsley, RA, Neto Rodrigues, RMDESA, Audu, RA, Carr, RAA, Gargouri, S, Masmoudi, S, Bootsma, S, Sankhe, S, Mohamed, SI, Femi, S, Mhalla, S, Hosch, S, Kassim, SK, Metha, S, Trabelsi, S, Agwa, SH, Mwangi, SW, Doumbia, S, Makiala-Mandanda, S, Aryeetey, S, Ahmed, SS, Ahmed, SM, Elhamoumi, S, Moyo, S, Lutucuta, S, Gaseitsiwe, S, Jalloh, S, Andriamandimby, SF, Oguntope, S, Grayo, S, Lekana-Douki, S, Prosolek, S, Ouangraoua, S, van Wyk, S, Schaffner, SF, Kanyerezi, S, Ahuka-Mundeke, S, Rudder, S, Pillay, S, Nabadda, S, Behillil, S, Budiaki, SL, van der Werf, S, Mashe, T, Mohale, T, Le-Viet, T, Velavan, TP, Schindler, T, Maponga, TG, Bedford, T, Anyaneji, UJ, Chinedu, U, Ramphal, U, George, UE, Enouf, V, Nene, V, Gorova, V, Roshdy, WH, Karim, WA, Ampofo, WK, Preiser, W, Choga, WT, Ahmed, YA, Ramphal, Y, Bediako, Y, Naidoo, Y, Butera, Y, de Laurent, ZR, Ouma, AEO, von Gottberg, A, Githinji, G, Moeti, M, Tomori, O, Sabeti, PC, Sall, AA, Oyola, SO, Tebeje, YK, Tessema, SK, de Oliveira, T, Happi, C, Lessells, R, Nkengasong, J, and Wilkinson, E

Abstract

Investment in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sequencing in Africa over the past year has led to a major increase in the number of sequences that have been generated and used to track the pandemic on the continent, a number that now exceeds 100,000 genomes. Our results show an increase in the number of African countries that are able to sequence domestically and highlight that local sequencing enables faster turnaround times and more-regular routine surveillance. Despite limitations of low testing proportions, findings from this genomic surveillance study underscore the heterogeneous nature of the pandemic and illuminate the distinct dispersal dynamics of variants of concern-particularly Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron-on the continent. Sustained investment for diagnostics and genomic surveillance in Africa is needed as the virus continues to evolve while the continent faces many emerging and reemerging infectious disease threats. These investments are crucial for pandemic preparedness and response and will serve the health of the continent well into the 21st century.

Published
2022

40. Sahelian livestock and carbon footprint

Author

Boury-Esnault, Anaïs, Salgado, Paulo, Taugourdeau, Simon, Touré, Ibra, Assouma, Mohamed Habibou, Diop, M., Corniaux, Christian, Diedhiou, L., Traoré, El Hadji, Boury-Esnault, Anaïs, Salgado, Paulo, Taugourdeau, Simon, Touré, Ibra, Assouma, Mohamed Habibou, Diop, M., Corniaux, Christian, Diedhiou, L., and Traoré, El Hadji

Published
2022

41. Projet CaSSECS : Élevage sahélien et bilan carbone

Author

Gassama, Mamadou, Traoré, El Hadji, Salgado, Paulo, Assouma, Mohamed Habibou, Diop, M., Boury-Esnault, Anaïs, Diedhiou, L., Gassama, Mamadou, Traoré, El Hadji, Salgado, Paulo, Assouma, Mohamed Habibou, Diop, M., Boury-Esnault, Anaïs, and Diedhiou, L.

Abstract

Le CaSSECS est un Projet de recherche et développement en soutien à l'innovation pour la résilience des élevages pastoraux et agropastoraux dans les pays sahéliens du CILSS. Son objectif global d'améliorer l'évaluation du bilan carbone des systèmes d'élevage (agro)pastoraux pour mieux quantifier leurs impacts sur le changement climatique et élaborer des politiques d'élevage adaptées au Sahel. Après deux années de mise en oeuvre, les différentes parties prenantes dressent dans cette vidéo le bilan à mi-parcours d'activités et dégagent des perspectives pour la suite.

Published
2022

45. Dynamique des troupeaux de bovins Ndama dans la région de Kolda

Author

Diouf, MN, Ndiaye, B, Badji, MN, Balde, AT, and Diop, M

Subjects
Taurin Ndama, enquête retrospective, productivité, Sud du Sénégal
Abstract

Objectif : L’objectif de cette étude est d’évaluer la dynamique et la gestion des troupeaux de bovins Ndama dans la région de Kolda. Méthodologie et Résultats : La méthodologie a consisté en une enquête rétrospective transversale par la méthode des 12 derniers mois. Elle a concerné 30 troupeaux ayant des effectifs compris entre 05 et 50 têtes. Un taux de mise-bas annuel de 44,7 ± 3,2% et un taux de prolificité de 100% ont été rapporté chez les vaches. La vente et la mortalité ont constitué les principaux motifs de sortie des troupeaux avec des fréquences respectives de 43,48% et 32,61%. Les entrées n’ont pas été fréquentes et ont été dominées par l’achat (94,12%). Un taux d’exploitation de 4,5± 0,9% a été enregistré et a principalement concerné les adultes. Conclusions et application des résultats : Cette étude portant sur la dynamique des troupeaux de bovins Ndama dans la région de Kolda a confirmé l’importance du bétail trypanotolérant en zone endémique de trypanosomoses. Il constitue un capital sur pied mobilisable par la vente qui assure des revenus substantiels aux éleveurs. Elle a aussi soulevé quelques contraintes de cet élevage. En effet, la mortalité des jeunes animaux due aux maladies et les faibles performances de reproduction avec un âge au premier vêlage tardif, constituent les principaux freins de l’élevage bovin à Kolda. Une meilleure prise en charge sanitaire de cette catégorie pourrait diminuer leur vulnérabilité. Aussi, leur parcage dans des abris couverts les préserverait contre les intempéries durant l’hivernage. L’amélioration des conditions d’élevage en termes de gestion de la reproduction, de prophylaxie et de traitement des animaux malades pourraient être des leviers pour une meilleure productivité du taurin Ndama dans le Sud du Sénégal. English title: Dynamics of Ndama cattle herds in the Kolda region Abstract Objective : The objective of this study is to assess the dynamics and management of Ndama cattle herds in the Kolda region. Methodology and Results : The methodology consisted of a retrospective cross-sectional survey by the last 12 months method. It concerned 30 herds with a size between 05 and 50 heads. An annual calving rate of 44.7 ± 3.2% and a prolificacy rate of 100% have been reported in cows. Sale and mortality were the main reasons for leaving herds with respective frequencies of 43.48% and 32.61%. The herd entries were not frequent and were dominated by purchase (94.12%). An management rate of 4.5 ± 0.9% was recorded and mainly concerned adults. Conclusions and application of results: This study on the dynamics of Ndama cattle herds in the Kolda region confirmed the importance of trypanotolerant cattle in an endemic area of trypanosomiasis. It constitutes a saving that can be mobilized through sale which ensures substantial income for breeders. She also raised some constraints of this breeding. Indeed, the mortality of young animals due to diseases and the poor reproductive performance with a late first calving age, are the main obstacles to cattle breeding in Kolda. Better health care for this category could reduce their vulnerability.Also, keeping them in covered shelters would protect them from bad weather during the winter. Improving breeding conditions in terms of reproductive management, prophylaxis and treatment of sick animals could be levers for better productivity of the Ndama bull in southern Senegal. Keywords : Ndama cattle, retrospective survey, productivity, southern Senegal.

Published
2022

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