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Instituições Ensino têm alcançado certa consolidação do tema empreendedorismo, ainda que lentamente para o empreendedorismo sustentável. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a percepção dos discentes de graduação em relação ao empreendedorismo sustentável em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) pública. Em termos metodológicos trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória, que coletou os dados por meio, da aplicação de questionário. Os resultados indicam um desconhecimento sobre o termo empreendedorismo sustentável, assim como o termo sustentabilidade; e falta de interesse nas disciplinas de empreendedorismo em função das metodologias aplicadas em sala de aula. Sendo assim, a contribuição deste estudo está no interesse dos discentes em conhecer o empreendedorismo sustentável, exigindo uma nova postura da universidade no que se refere às aulas de empreendedorismo, sendo preciso inovar, com aulas práticas e dinâmicas direcionada ao compromisso que estas instituições têm com a sociedade. Palavras-chave: Empreendedorismo Social; Empreendedorismo Sustentável; Instituição de Ensino Superior; Discentes.

The present work had as objective to understand the vision of public managers and rural producers in the municipality of Palmeira das Missões/RS in relation to the practice of Environmental Education (EA) in Areas of Permanent Preservation of Arroio Macaco, through the theoretical component of Environmental Education Critical and Transformative. The relevance of this understanding involves the need to emerge and / or enhance the perception of managers and farmers about the EA of their meanings. The methodology was based on: documental analysis, direct observation in loco, semi-structured interviews. The case study was carried out involving 18 subjects, who expressed their understanding about what they mean by Environmental Education, if it helps to comply with the Terms of Conduct Adjustment and if they participated in courses related to Environmental Education. The collected data were submitted and interpreted through the discourses (categorical context) of those involved, creating categories (thematic category) through Content Analysis. The main difficulties encountered were the lack of information on Environmental Education and the lack of courses by the majority of those involved. It is hoped that the proposed reflections will promote further discussions focusing on Critical Environmental Education, between Managers, Producers and the Community as a whole.

At this time, Accounting Information Systems is needed by the company to face a tighter business competition. Presentation of an relevance, accurate and timeliness information is one of the key success to the company. A good Accounting Information Systems per-formance becomes very important to produce financial information and accounting management information that required in decision-making activity. The aim of this study was to find factors that can affect the performance of Accounting Information Systems. The object in this research is the employees of finance and operational department also other related departments which using Accounting Infor-mation Systems in Dealer PT Astra International Surabaya. Sample collection method used in this study is the convenience sampling method. Data in this study were analyzed using multiple linear regression technique analysis. The results of this study showed that personal technical Systems Information skills, top management support, the formalization of Systems Information Development and user education and training programs have significant positive effect on the performance of Accounting Information System. User participation in the system development process not positive influencing the performance of Accounting Information Systems.

Objetivo: O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar a percepção dos gestores da universidade sobre a Formação Empreendedora Sustentável (FES) na instituição. Metodologia: Em termos metodológicos trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, que coletou os dados por meio, da aplicação de questionário com entrevistas em profundidade, sendo utilizado o Software NVivo 12 Pro. Principais resultados: Os resultados indicam que nos cursos de graduação que não estão relacionados com as Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, ainda não discutem sobre o empreendedorismo na instituição; que a unidade proponente para a FES, não deve ser apenas uma Unidade Acadêmica, mas sim um grupo de pessoas que se identifique com o assunto; e que a pré-disposição dos gestores em participar e apoiar o diálogo sobre questões relacionadas à sustentabilidade (econômica, social e ambiental) corrobora com a afirmativa que a FES pode ser um dos caminhos a ser trilhado para instituir a sustentabilidade nas suas Unidades. Implicações práticas e teóricas: A partir dos resultados encontrados, pode se observar como contribuição do estudo, a identificação das possibilidades e dos limites para a construção de uma Formação Empreendedora Sustentável. Possibilidades: Aceitação de um empreendedorismo mais amplo voltado ao equilíbrio das três dimensões da sustentabilidade nas Unidades resistentes ao empreendedorismo; Reestruturar e incluir a temática nas disciplinas já existentes entre outras. Limites: Desconhecimento dos gestores das Unidades Acadêmicas sobre empreendedorismo sustentável; Falta de percepção dos gestores em como conduzir uma FES na sua unidade entre outras.

As Cúpulas Geodésicas abrangem um tipo de construção de fisionomia esférica-circular, o que favorece a horizontalização do olhar e, consequentemente, o processo de troca e aprendizagem na Educação Ambiental. Este trabalho relata os princípios e o processo construtivo de um espaço físico permanente concebido no formato geodésico na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG) em homenagem aos dez anos do Encontro e Diálogos com a Educação Ambiental (EDEA). São também discutidas as potencialidades destas estruturas como espaços educadores em Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES), a partir de autores que definem os elementos que devem constituí-los, assim como foram discutidas as possibilidades da Cúpula Geodésica a partir das etapas do Percurso Formativo (KITZMANN, 2014) em diferentes atividades da instituição.

Port activity within an overall port environmental system encompassing the whole coastal area in which ports are situated constitutes an important analytical tool. The considerable potential for controlling and influencing activities that occur in the same geographical area means that ports generate significant positive and negative environmental impacts. This importance and the significant expansion of the Brazilian port sector in recent years gave rise to the need for Port Environmental Management (GAP) based on internationally accepted environmental standards. This article discusses nested elements in the concept of port environmental management which take into account new realities of Brazilian ports as well as international standards concerning environmentally appropriate measures for the sector. New international technical proposals are discussed with regard to Brazilian port policy and the port of Rio Grande (Rio Grande do Sul State) is used as a case study, highlighting its structures and the model of port environmental management being implemented.

Among the indirect methods to evaluate the volumetric soil water content (?v), the Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) technique is receiving growing attention. As any technique, it presents advantages and disadvantages: the most serious disadvantage is the calibration necessity. At the present study, values of apparent dielectric constant (Ka) and volumetric water content (?v) for a Red Latosol were obtained in a laboratory experiment, using seventeen probes of TDR, from which two were original and fifteen were manufactured by the staff. This study aimed: a) to calibrate the seventeen probes, in laboratory conditions, comparing six regression models for each probe; b) to verify the viability to use the manufactured probes. It was found out that the best regression model was the cubic polynomial model and that the manufactured probes presented performances comparable to the original ones.

Biological structures exhibiting electric potential fluctuations such as neuron and neural structures with complex geometries are modelled using an electrodiffusion or Poisson Nernst-Planck system of equations. These structures typically depend upon several parameters displaying a large degree of variation or that cannot be precisely inferred experimentally. It is crucial to understand how the mathematical model (and resulting simulations) depend on specific values of these parameters. Here we develop a rigorous approach based on the sensitivity equation for the electrodiffusion model. To illustrate the proposed methodology, we investigate the sensitivity of the electrical response of a node of Ranvier with respect to ionic diffusion coefficients and the membrane dielectric permittivity.

In neural structures with complex geometries, numerical resolution of the Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) equations is necessary to accurately model electrodiffusion. This formalism allows one to describe ionic concentrations and the electric field (even away from the membrane) with arbitrary spatial and temporal resolution which is impossible to achieve with models relying on cable theory. However, solving the PNP equations on complex geometries involves handling intricate numerical difficulties related either to the spatial discretization, temporal discretization or the resolution of the linearized systems, often requiring large computational resources which have limited the use of this approach. In the present paper, we investigate the best ways to use the finite elements method (FEM) to solve the PNP equations on domains with discontinuous properties (such as occur at the membrane-cytoplasm interface). 1) Using a simple 2D geometry to allow comparison with analytical solution, we show that mesh adaptation is a very (if not the most) efficient way to obtain accurate solutions while limiting the computational efforts, 2) We use mesh adaptation in a 3D model of a node of Ranvier to reveal details of the solution which are nearly impossible to resolve with other modelling techniques. For instance, we exhibit a non linear distribution of the electric potential within the membrane due to the non uniform width of the myelin and investigate its impact on the spatial profile of the electric field in the Debye layer., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) play key roles in the modulation of many synapses. Chloride (Cl(-)) is known to directly bind and regulate the function of different actors of neuronal activity, and several studies have pointed to the possible modulation of mGluRs by Cl(-). Herein, we demonstrate that Cl(-) behaves as a positive allosteric modulator of mGluRs. For example, whereas glutamate potency was 3.08 ± 0.33 μM on metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) 4 receptors in high-Cl(-) buffer, signaling activity was almost abolished in low Cl(-) in cell-based assays. Cl(-) potency was 78.6 ± 3.5 mM. Cl(-) possesses a high positive cooperativity with glutamate (Hill slope ≈6 on mGlu4), meaning that small variations in [Cl(-)] lead to large variations in glutamate action. Using molecular modeling and mutagenesis, we have identified 2 well-conserved Cl(-) binding pockets in the extracellular domain of mGluRs. Moreover, modeling of activity-dependent Cl(-) variations at GABAergic synapses suggests that these variations may be compatible with a dynamic modulation of the most sensitive mGluRs present in these synapses. Taken together, these data reveal a necessary role of Cl(-) for the glutamate activation of many mGluRs. Exploiting Cl(-) binding pockets may yield to the development of innovative regulators of mGluR activity., (© FASEB.)