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To study the prevalence of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) to INSTIs and NRTIs, and of clinically relevant resistance (CRR), in newly-diagnosed people with HIV (PWH) naïve to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Europe.MeditRes HIV is a consortium that includes ART naïve PWH newly diagnosed in France, Greece, Italy, Portugal, and Spain during the years 2018-2021. Reverse transcriptase (RT) and Integrase (INSTI) sequences were provided by participating centers. To evaluate the prevalence of surveillance drug resistance mutations (SDRM) we used the CPR tools from Stanford HIV-website. To evaluate clinically relevant resistance (CRR), defined as any resistance level= 3, we used the Stanford v.9.1HIVDB Algorithm.We included 2705 PWH, 72% men, median age of 37 (IQR, 30-48); 43.7% infected by non-B subtypes. The prevalence of INSTI-SDRMs was 0.30% (T66I, T66A, E92Q, E138T, E138K, Y143R, S147G and R263K, all n = 1), and of NRTI-SDRMs was 5.77% (M184V n = 23, 0.85%; M184I n = 5, 0.18%; K65R/N n = 3, 0.11%; K70E n = 2, 0.07%; L74V/I n = 5, 0.18%; any TAMs n = 118, 4.36%). INSTI-CRR was 2.33% (0.15% dolutegravir/bictegravir; 2.29% raltegravir/elvitegravir), and 1.74% to first-line NRTIs (0.89% tenofovir/tenofovir alafenamide fumarate; 1.74% abacavir; 1.07% lamivudine/emtricitabine).We present the most recent data on TDR to integrase based first-line regimens in Europe. Given the low prevalence of CRR to second generation integrase inhibitors and to first-line NRTIs, in the years 2018-2021 it is unlikely that newly diagnosed PWH in MeditRes countries would present with baseline resistance to a first-line regimen based on second generation integrase inhibitors.

Due to an increasing number of cochlear implantations, quality control has become more important. In addition to intraoperative biophysical measurements, radiological imaging is another possibility. An upcoming technique regarding this is Cone Beam CT (CBCT). Sixty-five data sets (35 Nucleus Contour Advance-Cochlear; 30 Flex Soft-MedEl) of postoperative imaging by CBCT (Accu-I-tomo F17, Morita, Kyoto, Japan) underwent further evaluation. Insertion angle, height of the cochlea, distance of the electrode to the medial or lateral wall, angle between chorda tympani and facial nerve and the precise position of the electrode cable in the facial-chordal angle were determined. The typical difference between the perimodiolar and lateral course of the electrodes could also be shown in radiological measurements. This demonstrates the accuracy and advantage of CBCT in visualisation of small structures with fewer metal artifacts. Furthermore, in 75% of patients, the angle of the chorda and facial nerve could be visualised. Significant differences in dependence of the electrode type for the relation of them to the facial nerve could be seen. In conclusion, CBCT achieves reliable visualisation and detailed imaging-based measurements of the intracochlear position of different cochlea electrodes. Additionally, clinically known differences can be reproduced. Even visualisation of the position of the electrode in the chorda-facial angle is possible. Therefore, CBCT is a useful tool in intra- and postoperative control of cochlear implants.Con l’incremento del numero di impianti cocleari effettuati, il controllo di qualità è divenuto sempre più importante. Oltre alle misurazioni biofisiche intraoperatorie ci si può avvalere dell’imaging radiologico. Una nuova tecnica utilizzata in questo campo è il Cone Beam CT (CBCT). Nel presente studio sono stati valutati 65 casi (35 Nucleus Contour Advance–Cochlear; 30 Flex Soft–MedEl) studiati mediante CBCT (Accu-I-tomo F17, Morita, Kyoto, Japan). Nello specifico sono stati rilevati: l’angolo di inserzione, l’altezza dell’impianto, la distanza dell’elettrodo dalla parete mediale o laterale, l’angolo tra la corda del timpano e il nervo facciale e la posizione precisa del filo dell’elettrodo nell’angolo cordo-facciale. È stato inoltre possibile valutare la differenza tra il decorso peri-modiolare e laterale degli elettrodi. I dati presentati dimostrano l’accuratezza e il vantaggio della CBCT nella visualizzazione di piccole strutture grazie al ridotto numero di artefatti da indurimento del fascio. Inoltre nel 75% dei pazienti è stato possibile visualizzare l’angolo tra la corda del timpano e il nervo facciale. È stato possibile notare differenze significative fra i vari tipi di elettrodo in funzione del tipo di rapporto con il nervo facciale. In conclusione mediante la CBCT è possibile ottenere una visualizzazione precisa e dettagliate misurazioni della posizione intracocleare dei diversi elettrodi. È persino possibile la corretta valutazione della posizione dell’elettrodo rispetto all’angolo cordo- facciale. La CBCT è quindi, dal nostro punto di vista, un utile strumento per il controllo intra e post-operatorio degli impianti cocleari.

Introduction: Comparison of dose area product (DAP), CTDIvol and dose length product (DLP) of cone-beam CT (CBCT) of paranasal sinuses (PNS) of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Testing the application of the PUBLIC domain software IVEU (IT-gestuetztes Verfahren zur Erfassung von Untersuchungsparametern).[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 87th Annual Meeting of the German Society of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery

Einleitung: Vergleich von Dosis-Flächenprodukt (DFP), CTDIvol und Dosis-Längen-Produkts (DLP) aus digitalen Volumentomografien (DVT) der Nasennebenhöhlen (NNH) bei Patienten mit chronischer Rhinosinusitis (CRS). Anwendungstest der public domain Software IVEU (IT-gestütztes Verfahren[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], 87. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie

Surface soil samples were collected in three mountainous massifs in north-eastern Brazil to characterize the different vegetation types according to their respective pollen assemblages. Complementary approach between pollen and vegetation data shows that the pollen rain accurately reflects the following three main forest types: i) a dense ombrophilous forest (or tropical moist broadleaf forest) characterized by Myrtaceae associated with high percentages of Miconia, Guapira, Ilex, Moraceae-Urticaceae undif. or Byrsonima, ii) a seasonal semi-deciduous montane forest characterized by an increase of Arecaceae associated with Fabaceae-Mimosideae, Myrtaceae, Piper, Cecropia, Urera and Mitracarpus, and iii) a seasonal deciduous forest dominated by Fabaceae-Mimosideae and Arecaceae tree taxa associated with Alternanthera, Cyperaceae and Mitracarpus. Using of botanical data from several plots of ombrophilous forest, in which several surface soil samples have been collected, allows to roughly estimate the over- and underrepresentation of pollen taxa relative to their floristic abundance. Furthermore, distribution of surface soil samples at different altitude and mountain sides, also allows to characterize vegetation variation according to several environmental parameters. The precipitation increase with altitude is confirmed as the main environmental factor controlling vegetation distribution. However, the forests located close to the crest with a proportion increase of pollen taxa characteristic of heliophilous and pioneer trees (Alchornea, Miconia, Clusia), are also influenced by changes of edaphic conditions. In addition to provide useful information in understanding of fossil pollen records, this approach improves our understanding of the ecosystem functioning in mountainous massifs in north-eastern Brazil. A useful knowledge for conservation or restoration purposes.

Einleitung: In der Bildgebung der Nase und Nasennebenhöhlen wird die Computertomographie (CT) in der präoperativen Diagnostik weiterhin weitverbreitet eingesetzt. Aufgrund der anhaltenden Diskussion um Dosisaspekte im Vergleich zur DVT-Diagnostik stellt sich in Hinblick auf die Strahlenhygiene die Frage nach der Optimierung von CT Aufnahmen. Material: Anhand von 3 humanen Ganzkopfpräparaten wurden unter Variation von Röhrenspannung, Röhrenstromzeitprodukt und Rekonstruktionskernel jeweils 183 Aufnahmen an einem 64-Zeilen-CT angefertigt. Diese wurde in Hinblick auf die Beurteilbarkeit anatomischer Landmarken (Proc. uncinatus, Lamina papyracea, Os turbinale, Nasenseptum, A. ethm. ant., N. opticus, A. carotis interna, Fossa olfactoria, N. infraorbitalis, N. vidianus, N. maxillaris) analysiert. Ergebnisse: In Abhängigkeit der Dosis zeigte sich besonders für sehr feine Strukturen (Lamina lateralis der Fossa olfactoria; Lamina papyracea) bei sehr niedrigen Dosiswerten eine eingeschränkte Beurteilbarkeit. Größere Strukturen und insbesondere neurovaskuläre Risikostrukturen (N. opticus, A. carotis interna, A. ethm. ant.) konnten trotz sehr geringer Dosis weiterhin zufriedenstellend analysiert werden. Unter Berücksichtigung des ALARA-Prinzips konnte so ein optimaler Dosisbereich zwischen 3–4 mGy applizierter Dosis bestimmt werden. Zusammenfassung: Eine Dosisreduktion unter vertretbarer Minderung der Bildqualität ist aus Sicht der Autoren sehr gut möglich. Im Vergleich zur DVT-Literatur liegt der hier ermittelte Dosisbereich nur unmittelbar darüber. Im Vergleich zu den diagnostischen Referenzwerten kann jedoch eine Halbierung erreicht werden was in einer geringeren Belastung unserer Patienten resultiert. Der Erstautor gibt keinen Interessenkonflikt an., GMS Current Posters in Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery; 11:Doc329; ISSN 1865-1038

Einleitung: Die Cochleaimplantation sowie die notwendigen zugehörigen Diagnostika sind derzeit in Deutschland weitestgehend standardisiert. Die Rationale für eine postoperative radiologische Kontrolle liegt derzeit noch in erster Linie in der Qualitätssicherung und weniger der tatsächlichen[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 84. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie

Einleitung: Seit nunmehr einem Jahr ist die Vibrant Bonebridge als neues Knochenhörgerät im Segment der implantierbaren Hörsysteme verfügbar. Im Rahmen der Einführung neuer Systeme sind die Aussagen hinsichtlich Einschränkung der Bildgebung des Schädels sowie die Visualisierung[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 84. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie

Einleitung: Die Nasenatmungsbehinderung ist eine Hauptindikation für die Einleitung operativer Therapien im Bereich der Nasenhaupt- und Nasennebenhöhlen. In der präoperativen Bildgebung zeigt sich häufig die Kombination aus einer Hyperplasie der mittleren Nasenmuschel und/ oder[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 82. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie

Introduction: Cone beam tomography (CBT) has become more common in diagnostics of diseases of ENT. Especially in diseases of the temporal bone and the anterior skull base the advantage of CBT could be evaluated [ref:1], [ref:2]. Material/Methods: Between 2002 and 2011 about[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 82nd Annual Meeting of the German Society of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery