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BACKGROUND A new mating disruption formulation for population control of a wide range of tortricid pests, including Spilonota ocellana, was tested in Swedish apple orchards during 2012-2013. Owing to the characteristics of the local agricultural landscape, mating disruption was evaluated in isolated orchards rather than through an area-wide approach. Parameters such as trap shutdown, communication disruption in field cages, damage level and dispenser emission were measured as efficacy indicators. RESULTS The test formulation reduced the catches in monitoring traps for the entire range of the tested species. In field cages, communication between sexes was disrupted for both Adoxophyes orana and Cydia pomonella. The fruit damage caused by leafrollers (including S. ocellana) was reduced by the treatment. The device showed a constant release of all components for the entire flight activity period of these pests. CONCLUSION Single-orchard experiments showed a significant effect on field populations of the leafroller species complex. While promising, in light of the variability of the result, field scouting may be required to enable practitioners to estimate the density of the pests and avoid possible unexpected attacks. Additional experiments are needed to evaluate the efficacy of the product against C. pomonella. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Interstitial lung disease affects approximately 1 in 100,000 infants and children. The aetiology of as many as 40–50% of cases remains unknown at present. Recent advances in the understanding of surfactant genetics and the description of specific ultrastructural anomalies have advanced our knowledge of the underlying pathophysiology and the genetics of familial cases. Investigations should aim to exclude known underlying causes. A computed tomography (CT) examination is useful in assessing parenchymal involvement, but the lung biopsy remains most useful when the aetiology is unclear. There are no controlled trials of treatment because of the relatively small numbers of patients involved. Sixty-five percent of patients are likely to respond well to corticosteroids with or without hydroxychloroquine. About 10–15% will need continuing treatment over many months or years. The mortality rate among those with idiopathic disease is 15%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relative contribution of several risk factors to the prevalence of allergic respiratory symptoms, and the positivity of the bronchodilator test with fenoterol, and to establish the relative importance of these factors on the variability of FVC, FEV1, PEF, MEF25, MEF50 and MEF75. A total of 340 11‐year‐old children attending school in polluted and non‐polluted areas of the city of Cartagena, Spain, were studied. The polluted area had had an annual mean of 75 μg/m3 of SO2 over the last 10 years and the non‐polluted area had < 20 μg/m3 during this period. A questionnaire about allergic respiratory symptoms was completed by the parents. Specific questions about parental smoking habits and socio‐economic level were included. Each child’s performance in spirometry before and after administration of 0.2 mg of inhaled fenoterol was evaluated. The only significant predictive variables in the logistic regression (for suffering any symptom or a positive bronchodilator response) were male sex for nasal symptoms (RR 1.37; p = 0.04) and housing near heavy traffic for eye symptoms (RR 1.45; p = 0.01). Living in the polluted area reduced the risk of a positive bronchodilator response (RR 0.61; p = 0.004). Maternal smoking, even though not statistically significant, tended to increased the risk of suffering any symptom (RR 1.26; p = 0.07) or of having a positive bronchodilator response (RR 1.23; p = 0.1). None of the risk factors studied was of significant importance in explaining the variability of spirometry results. Although none of the risk factors were specifically determinant to the symptom questions, bronchodilator test or spirometric measurements, having a mother who smokes seems more important than living in a polluted area if statistically non‐significant trends are considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Southern Labor Archives at Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, was the second labor archive established as a result of the activities of the Association of Southern Labor Historians. This group of historians concerned about the lack of attention paid to the southern working class on the part of labor historians, developed during the 1966 meeting of the Southern Historical Association with the purpose of stimulating study of the southern trade union movement by collecting union records and presenting papers on labor history at meetings concurrent with those of the Southern Historical Association. Dr. George Green of the University of Texas (UT) at Arlington, Texas, returned home from this meeting and began a series of conversations with UT faculty and administrators, as well as Texas labor leaders. These discussions led to the creation in 1967 of the Texas Labor Archives at UT. The Southern Labor Archives is a very young repository. The Archives seeks, however, to become a major regional and national research resource by concentrating its efforts on documenting the development of the labor movement in the South.