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Aiming at the characteristics of multi-service concurrency and multi-modal message data mixing faced in the robot cloud-edge-end collaboration scenarios, a multi-message dynamic scheduling method oriented to time-sensitive attributes was proposed based on the analysis of the message distribution mechanism in the robot operating system 2 (ROS2). Firstly, scheduling parameters, including message priority and transmission times, were defined based on multi-topic concurrency and real-time network state in ROS2, enabling real-time queue state characterization. Then, a hybrid time/priority scheduling model was designed with specific switching rules and boundary conditions. Finally, the dynamic scheduling method, considering time sensitivity, was integrated into ROS2's data distribution service layer. Simulation experiments and practical applications verify that the proposed method can improve the efficiency of concurrent transmission of multiple message streams in ROS2, and at the same time guarantee the real-time reliable transmission of high-priority message data with time-sensitive attributes.

Abstract Annexin A2 (ANXA2) is a widely reported oncogene. However, the mechanism of ANXA2 in esophageal cancer is not fully understood. In this study, we provided evidence that ANXA2 promotes the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) through the downstream target threonine tyrosine kinase (TTK). These results are consistent with the up-regulation of ANXA2 and TTK in ESCC. In vitro experiments by knockdown and overexpression of ANXA2 revealed that ANXA2 promotes the progression of ESCC by enhancing cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Subsequently, animal models also confirmed the role of ANXA2 in promoting the proliferation and metastasis of ESCC. Mechanistically, the ANXA2/TTK complex activates the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and accelerates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), thereby promoting the invasion and metastasis of ESCC. Furthermore, we identified that TTK overexpression can reverse the inhibition of ESCC invasion after ANXA2 knockdown. Overall, these data indicate that the combination of ANXA2 and TTK regulates the activation of the Akt/mTOR pathway and accelerates the progression of ESCC. Therefore, the ANXA2/TTK/Akt/mTOR axis is a potential therapeutic target for ESCC.

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), a versatile polymer, is extensively used across many industries, such as chemicals, food, healthcare, textiles, and packaging. However, research on applying PVA to triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) remains limited. Consequently, we chose PVA as the primary material to explore its contact electrification mechanisms at the molecular level, alongside materials like Polyethylene (PE), Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Our findings show that PVA has the highest band gap, with the smallest band gap occurring between the HOMO of PVA and the LUMO of PTFE. During molecular contact, electron transfer primarily occurs in the outermost layers of the molecules, influenced by the functional groups of the polymers. The presence of fluorine atoms enhances the electron transfer between PVA and PTFE to maximum levels. Experimental validation confirmed that PVA and PTFE contact yields the highest triboelectric performance: VOC of 128 V, ISC of 2.83 µA, QSC of 82 nC, and an output power of 384 µW. Moreover, P-TENG, made of PVA and PTFE, was successfully applied in self-powered smart devices and monitored human respiration and bodily movements effectively. These findings offer valuable insights into using PVA in triboelectric nanogenerator technologies.

A novel technique for upgrading the seismic resistance of steel buildings by adding knee braces to existing structures using vises was proposed by researchers in 2022. A feature of this retrofitting method is the easy setup owing to its use of vises made from high-hardness metal. Tests were conducted to investigate two main failure modes: slipping failure at the connection and yielding and buckling failure of the knee brace. The retrofitting design is discussed based on a comparison between the slipping strengths obtained through tests and calculations. Furthermore, an analytical study, using the finite element method (FEM), was conducted to evaluate the test results of retrofitted frames that failed in terms of the yielding and buckling of the knee braces. The findings of the analyses are consistent with the test results. This study included a stress relaxation test to assess the long-term performance of the vises.

Recombination innovation invented during organizations' research and development (R&D) collaborations is a vital mechanism for creating new technological knowledge for organizations. This study aims to reveal the contribution mechanism of different dimensions of proximity to the recombination innovation at the collaborative dyad level and how this mechanism depends on the characteristics of organizations' knowledge base structuration. We conceptualize that the interdependence among knowledge elements in the knowledge base forms the knowledge space of the organization and build a theoretical framework to explain the interactive effect of proximity and organizations' knowledge base characteristics on collaborative recombination innovation. We validated the theoretical hypotheses using Logit regression models based on the longitudinal data of 150 organizations in the global nanotechnology industry. As demonstrated by our findings, technological proximity exerts a negative effect, while geographic proximity exerts an inverted U-shaped effect on collaborative organizations' joint recombination innovation. Organizations' knowledge base decomposability plays a negative role in moderating the effect of technological proximity and plays a positive role in regulating the effect of geographic proximity. In contrast, the degree centrality of the knowledge elements positively moderates the effect of both technological and geographic proximity.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the endometrial proteomic profiles of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with and without insulin resistance (IR). Method of Study: We collected 40 endometrial samples, including PCOS-IR (n = 21), PCOS-non-IR (n = 12), and control (n = 7). Data-independent acquisition (DIA)-based proteomics method is used to identify the expressed proteins among the three groups. The correlation between pregnancy outcomes and identified proteins was analyzed by Lasso regression. Results: A total of 5331 proteins were identified, while 275 proteins were differentially expressed in the PCOS vs. control group and 215 proteins were differentially expressed in the PCOS-IR vs. PCOS-non-IR group. Platelet degranulation, neutrophil degranulation, and very long-chain fatty acid catabolic processes have been found to play important roles in the endometrium of patients with PCOS-IR. Lasso regression analysis found that ACTR1A, TSC22D2, CKB, ABRAXAS2, and TAGLN2 were associated with miscarriage in patients with PCOS. ACTR1A and CKB were higher in the PCOS-IR group and were positively correlated with HOMA-IR (p

In recent years, renewable and sustainable triboelectric nanogenerators have attracted attention due to their high energy conversion rate, and enhancing their functionality further contributes to their applicability across various fields. A pH-sensitive triboelectric nanogenerator (pH-TENG) has been prepared by electrostatic spinning technology, with anthocyanin as the pH indicator and environmentally friendly polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the substrate. Among many friction-negative materials, the pH-TENG exhibits the best combination with fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) and yields an open-circuit voltage of 62 V, a short-circuit current of 370 nA, and a transferred charge of 21.8 nC. At a frequency of 3 Hz, it can charge a 4.7 μF capacitor to 2 V within 45 s, effectively powering a thermometer. Furthermore, the presence of anthocyanin does not affect the pH-TENG’s power generation performance and enables the monitoring of a wide range of environmental pH changes, with an ΔE change of 28.8 ± 7.6. Therefore, pH-TENG prepared with environmentally friendly materials can bring new available materials to the biological and medical fields.

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Waterborne epoxy (WEP) coatings with enhanced corrosion resistance were prepared using graphene oxide (GO) that was obtained from kish graphite, and amino-functionalized graphene oxide (AGO) was modified by 2-aminomalonamide. The structural characteristics of the GO and AGO were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). And the anti-corrosive performance of waterborne epoxy-cased composite coatings with different addition amounts of AGO was investigated using electrochemical measurements, pull-off adhesion tests, and salt spray tests. The results indicate that AGO15/WEP with 0.15 wt.% of AGO has the best anti-corrosive performance, and the lowest frequency impedance modulus increased from 1.03 × 108 to 1.63 × 1010 ohm·cm−2 compared to that of WEP. Furthermore, AGO15/WEP also demonstrates the minimal corrosion products or bubbles in the salt spray test for 200 h, affirming its exceptional long-term corrosion protection capability.

The Low utilization and high cost of platinum counter electrode (CE) in the application of dye-sensitized solar cells has limited its large-scale manufacturing in the industry. Herein, a facile pyrolysis combination of Pt and SBA-15 molecular sieve (MS) formed 1.6–1.9 times higher amount and 2–3 times reduced dimension of Pt distributed within porous structure of SBA-15. The composite CE with 20 % of SBA-15 exhibited an enhanced power conversion efficiency of 9.31 %, exceeding that of absolute Pt CE (7.57 %). This superior performance owed to the promoted oxidation-reduction rate of I3−/I− pairs at the CE interface and the increased conductivity of CE materials attributed from well distributed Pt particles. This work has demonstrated the significance of utilizing porous molecular sieves for dispersing catalytic sites when designing a novel type of counter electrode and their application in DSSCs.

Abstract Background β2-microglobulin has been showing to be vital that associated with brain function and neurological diseases. This study aimed to explore the expressions of β2-microglobulin in blood and urine of the patients with brain injury, and the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on the content of β2-microglobulin. Methods This prospective study included 54 patients with brain injury and 11 healthy controls. The patients were further assigned to two groups: the conscious disturbance group (n = 32) and the non-conscious disturbance group (n = 22) depending on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). The patients received routine treatment and two courses of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (2.0ATA, 60 min, once a day, 10 days for a course). In the brain injury group, blood β2-microglobulin (β2MG) and urine β2-microglobulin (β2MU) were detected respectively before and after hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). Consciousness and cognitive scores were performed, correspondingly. Results Compared with those of the control group, levels of β2MG and β2MU in the brain injury group were significantly increased before HBOT (P

Several studies have demonstrated the protective effect of dl-3-n-Butylphthalide (NBP) against cerebral ischemia, which may be related to the attenuation of mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the specific mechanism and targets of NBP in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion remains unclear. In this study, we used a chemical proteomics approach to search for targets of NBP and identified cytochrome C oxidase 7c (Cox7c) as a key interacting target of NBP. Our findings indicated that NBP inhibits mitochondrial apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) release and increases ATP production through upregulation of Cox7c. Subsequently, mitochondrial respiratory capacity was improved and the HIF-1α/VEGF pathway was upregulated, which contributed to the maintenance of mitochondrial membrane potential and blood brain barrier integrity and promoting angiogenesis. Therefore, our findings provided a novel insight into the mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of NBP, and also proposed for the first time that Cox7c exerts a critical role by protecting mitochondrial function.

We performed polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of human proteins with sodium dodecyl sulfate, isolated proteins at multiple positions, and then used liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to determine the protein identities. Although beta-actin (ACTB) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) are 41.7 and 36 kDa proteins, respectively, LC-MS/MS identified their peptides at all the positions studied. The National Center for Biotechnology Information (USA) database lists only one ACTB mRNA but five GAPDH mRNAs and one noncoding RNA. The five GAPDH mRNAs encode three protein isoforms, while our bioinformatics analysis identified a 17.6 kDa isoform encoded by the noncoding RNA. All LC-MS/MS-identified GAPDH peptides at all positions studied are unique, but some of the identified ACTB peptides are shared by ACTC1, ACTBL2, POTEF, POTEE, POTEI, and POTEJ. ACTC1 and ACTBL2 belong to the ACT family with significant similarities to ACTB in protein sequence, whereas the four POTEs are ACTB-containing chimeric genes with the C-terminus of their proteins highly similar to the ACTB. These data lead us to conclude that GAPDH and ACTB are poor reference genes for determining the protein loading in such techniques as Western blotting, a leading role these two genes have been playing for decades in biomedical research.

The authors have developed a new method of seismic retrofit for steel structures by adding knee braces which is jointed to the existing structures by vises with screw bolts made of high hardness metal. The slipping strength of the connection had been studied through axial tensile test of steel coupons jointed by the vises. The features of the connection by the vise are easy setup and providing the strength as much as by the normal bolts joint. An experimental study had been conducted for the specimens of steel frames retrofitted by knee braces. The knee brace was jointed to the steel frames by the vises. Two types of failure modes were investigated. One was slipping behavior at the connection and the other was bucking behavior at the knee braces. The strengths of the specimens were estimated by the simple calculations for the two types of failure modes. First published online 30 November 2022

False data injection (FDI) attacks commonly target smart grids. Using the tools that are now available for detecting incorrect data, it is not possible to identify FDI attacks. One way that can be used to identify FDI attacks is machine learning. The purpose of this study is to analyse each of the six supervised learning (SVM-FS) hybrid techniques using the six different boosting and feature selection (FS) methodologies. A dataset from the smart grid is utilised in the process of determining the applicability of various technologies. Comparisons of detection strategies are made based on how accurately each one can identify different kinds of threats. The performance of classification algorithms that are used to detect FDI assaults is improved by the application of supervised learning and hybrid methods in a simulated exercise.

Tin dioxide (SnO2) with multiple electron transport is considered as a potential substitute for graphite due to these advantages of natural abundance, environmental friendliness, and high theoretical capacity. However, the ineluctable volume change and structural crushing limit its practical application. Hence, SnO2 is coated by an N-doped graphite layer to form the flexible composite anode (SnO2@NG), which can provide a conductive network, increase the electronic conductivity, and effectively mitigate the irreversible volume expansion/contraction during the circulation process. Furthermore, the SnO2@NG anode shows a high specific capacity and stable cycle performance in lithium-ion batteries (677.7 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles) and sodium-ion batteries (169.7 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles). This excellent electrochemical performance illustrates that SnO2@NG has broad application prospects for high-performance energy storage systems.

In the critical situation of energy shortage and environmental problems, Si has been regarded as one of the most potential anode materials for next-generation lithium-ion batteries as a result of the relatively low delithiation potential and the eminent specific capacity. However, a Si anode is subjected to the huge volume expansion–contraction in the charging–discharging process, which can touch off pulverization of the bulk particles and worsens the cycle life. Herein, to reduce the volume change and improve the electrochemical performance, a novel Si@SiOx/C anode with a core–shell structure is designed by spray and pyrolysis methods. The SiOx/C shell not only ensures the structure stability and proves the high electrical conductivity but also prevents the penetration of electrolytes, so as to avoid the repetitive decomposition of electrolytes on the surface of Si particle. As expected, Si@SiOx/C anode maintains the excellent discharge capacity of 1,333 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at a current density of 100 mA g−1. Even if the current density reaches up to 2,000 mA g−1, the capacity can still be maintained at 1,173 mAh g−1. This work paves an effective way to develop Si-based anodes for high-energy density lithium-ion batteries.

Abstract Background Hereditary spastic paraplegia is a heterogeneous group of clinically and genetically neurodegenerative diseases characterized by progressive gait disorder. Hereditary spastic paraplegia can be inherited in various ways, and all modes of inheritance are associated with multiple genes or loci. At present, more than 76 disease-causing loci have been identified in hereditary spastic paraplegia patients. Here, we report a novel mutation in SPAST gene associated with hereditary spastic paraplegia in a Chinese family, further enriching the hereditary spastic paraplegia spectrum. Methods Whole genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of the 15 subjects from a Chinese family using DNA Isolation Kit. The Whole Exome Sequencing of the proband was analyzed and the result was identified in the rest individuals. RaptorX prediction tool and Protein Variation Effect Analyzer were used to predict the effects of the mutation on protein tertiary structure and function. Results Spastic paraplegia has been inherited across at least four generations in this family, during which only four HSP patients were alive. The results obtained by analyzing the Whole Exome Sequencing of the proband exhibited a novel disease-associated in-frame deletion in the SPAST gene, and this mutation also existed in the rest three HSP patients in this family. This in-frame deletion consists of three nucleotides deletion (c.1710_1712delGAA) within the exon 16, resulting in lysine deficiency at the position 570 of the protein (p.K570del). This novel mutation was also predicted to result in the synthesis of misfolded SPAST protein and have the deleterious effect on the function of SPAST protein. Conclusion In this case, we reported a novel mutation in the known SPAST gene that segregated with HSP disease, which can be inherited in each generation. Simultaneously, this novel discovery significantly enriches the mutation spectrum, which provides an opportunity for further investigation of genetic pathogenesis of HSP.

The investment of innovation capital of retail enterprises is increasing year by year, while there is a mismatch between the level of innovation capital investment and the quantity and quality of innovation talents. At this stage, it is particularly critical to continuously improve the social value of the retail industry in order to accelerate the sharing of development level. How to evaluate the high-quality development of retail listed companies more reasonably and effectively has become an urgent issue. Therefore, taking 75 retail listed companies as the research objects, this paper uses entropy weight method to evaluate the high-quality development of retail listed companies, and constructs the high-quality development evaluation system of retail listed companies in the digital economy era, and the results show that: the overall development quality level of retail enterprises in China is low, and in 2018-2021, the efficiency growth level of retail enterprises is low, the average closeness of the sub-goals of high-quality development of retail enterprises is social sharing, benefit growth, and innovative development, and the average closeness is 0.22, 0.24, and 0.05, respectively. There are serious imbalances in the development of the sub-goals. This paper Through horizontal comparison of the high-quality development of retail industry, this paper finds the common characteristics from the perspective of the industry and provides references for the high-quality development of retail listed companies.

Abstract Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is an acquired autoimmune disease mediated by antibodies against the patient’s red blood cells. However, the underlying mechanisms for antibody production are not fully understood. Previous studies of etiology and pathogenesis of AIHA mainly focus on autoreactive B cells that have escaped tolerance mechanisms. Few studies have reported the function of TFH and TFR cells in the process of AIHA. The present study aimed to explore the potential mechanism of TFH and TFR cells in the pathogenesis of AIHA. With the model of murine AIHA, increased ratios of TFH:TFR, elevated serum IL-21 and IL-6 levels, and upregulated Bcl-6 and c-Maf expression were reported. Also, adoptive transfer of purified CD4+CXCR5+CD25- T cells from immunized mice promoted the induction of autoantibody in the AIHA mouse model. Altogether, our data demonstrate the important role of TFH cells for control and induction of AIHA. In the light of the key contributions of TFH cells to the immune response in AIHA, strategies aimed at inhibiting the TFH development or function should be emphasized.

A waterborne epoxy coating with superior corrosion resistance was developed by using a novel amino-functionalized graphene oxide (GO) that was modified by 2,5-diaminobenzenesulfonic acid. A battery of characterization methods, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), was used to prove that DGO was successfully prepared by grafting the amino of 2,5-diaminobenzenesulfonic on GO. The results indicated that the surface of DGO became rougher than GO, but a complete sheet structure was still maintained after modification; the optimal modified GO could be achieved when the mass ratio of 2,5-diaminobenzenesulfonic acid and GO was 5:1. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests indicated that the impedance at 0.01 Hz of a coating with 0.2 wt.% DGO still remained at a relatively high value after immersion for 48 h in 3.5 wt.% NaCl, which was about one order higher than a pure waterborne epoxy resin coating, and the corrosion current density decreased from 3.76 × 10−11 A/cm2 to 3.62 × 10−12 A/cm2. The dry adhesion and wet adhesion increased to 1.90 and 1.22 MPa, respectively, and the adhesion loss decreased from 53% to 36%. These interesting features could make waterborne epoxy coatings a promising anticorrosion coating for metal in long-term protection.

Lithium metal batteries are emerging as the next generation of high-density electrochemical energy storage systems because of the ultra-high specific capacity and ultra-low electrochemical potential of the Li metal anode. However, the uneven Li deposition on commercial Cu current collectors result in low Coulombic efficiencies (CEs) and poor cycle life. In this research, we proposed the modification of ZnFx(OH)y on Cu foils to expand the lifespan. As-generated ZnLi alloy and LiF could promote uniform Li nucleation and deposition, thus resulting in an improved Li plating/stripping CE and extended cycle life. The Li-S battery with sulfurized polyacrylonitrile cathode and Li-ZnFx(OH)y@Cu anode (N/P ratio of 1.5:1) maintains 95% capacity after 60 cycles, proving the feasibility of ZnFx(OH)y@Cu for practical applications.

Lithium-metal batteries have attracted extensive research attention because of their high energy densities. Developing appropriate electrolytes compatible with lithium-metal anodes is of great significance to facilitate their practical application. Currently used electrolytes still face challenges of high production costs and unsatisfactory Coulombic efficiencies of lithium plating/stripping. In this research, we have developed a diluted electrolyte which is compatible with both lithium-metal anode and sulfurized polyacrylonitrile cathode. It presents a very high Li plating/stripping Coulombic efficiency of 99.3% over prolonged cycling, and the as-assembled anode-free Li-S battery maintains 71.5% of the initial specific capacity after 200 cycles at 0.1 A g−1. This work could shed light on designing a low-cost and high-performance liquid electrolyte for next-generation high-energy batteries.

Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are promising next-generation battery technologies with high energy densities. However, lithium dendrite growth during charge/discharge results in severe safety issues and poor cycling performance, which hinders their wide applications. The rational design and application of functional polymer materials in LMBs are of crucial importance to boost their electrochemical performances, especially the cycling stability. In this review, recent advances of advanced polymer materials are examined for boosting the stability and cycle life of LMBs as different components including artificial solid electrolyte interface (SEI) and functional interlayers between the separator and lithium metal anode. Thereafter, the research progress in the design of advanced polymer electrolytes will be analyzed for LMBs. At last, the major challenges and key perspectives will be discussed for the future development of functional polymers in LMBs.

Due to the rapid development of bendable electronic products, it is urgent to prepare flexible anode materials with excellent properties, which play a key role in flexible lithium-ion batteries. Although carbon fibers are excellent candidates for preparing flexible anode materials, the low discharge specific capacity prevents their further application. In this paper, a hierarchical porous and silicon (Si)/nitrogen (N) co-doped carbon nanofiber anode was successfully prepared, in which Si doping can improve specific capacity, N doping can improve conductivity, and a fabricated hierarchical porous structure can increase the reactive sites, improve the ion transport rate, and enable the electrolyte to penetrate the inner part of carbon nanofibers to improve the electrolyte/electrode contacting area during the charging–discharging processes. The hierarchical porous and Si/N co-doped carbon nanofiber anode does not require a binder, and is flexible and foldable. Moreover, it exhibits an ultrahigh initial reversible capacity of 1737.2 mAh g−1, stable cycle ability and excellent rate of performance. This work provides a new avenue to develop flexible carbon nanofiber anode materials for lithium-ion batteries with high performance.

With the rapid development of flexible electronic devices, flexible lithium-ion batteries are widely considered due to their potential for high energy density and long life. Anode materials, as one of the key materials of lithium-ion batteries, need to have good flexibility, an excellent specific discharge capacity, and fast charge–discharge characteristics. Carbon fibers are feasible as candidate flexible anode materials. However, their low specific discharge capacity restricts their further application. Based on this, N-doped carbon nanofiber anodes with microporous, mesoporous, and macroporous structures are prepared in this paper. The hierarchical and heterogeneous porosity structure can increase the active sites of the anode material and facilitate the transport of ions, and N-doping can improve the conductivity. Moreover, the N-doped flexible carbon nanofiber with a porous structure can be directly used as the anode for lithium-ion batteries without adding an adhesive. It has a high first reversible capacity of 1108.9 mAh g−1, a stable cycle ability (954.3 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles), and excellent rate performance. This work provides a new strategy for the development of flexible anodes with high performance.

[Purpose/significance] The current research on knowledge exchange in technical Q&A communities is not perfect. This article uses data envelopment analysis method to study the efficiency of knowledge exchange in technical Q&A communities, and finds the differences and changing laws between different sectors to provide references for improving community management and improving the efficiency of knowledge exchange. [Method/process] Based on the construction of the knowledge exchange efficiency evaluation index system, 15 popular sections of the “OSCHINA” community were used as the research samples, and the static and dynamic efficiency values of the knowledge exchange are calculated and analyzed deeply based on the SBM model and the Malmquist index.[Result/conclusion] The average knowledge exchange efficiency among the 15 popular sections of the “OSCHINA” community is good, but the gap between the sections is large, and the overall knowledge exchange efficiency is on the rise trend, mainly because the technological progress change index increases 19.50%. The increasing rate indicates that technological revitalization is the main reason for the increase in the efficiency of knowledge exchange in the “OSCHINA” community, but a certain degree of mismanagement has occurred and the utilization of resources is low.

It is of significant necessity to explore inexpensive and high-active electrocatalysts toward hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in both acidic and basic media. In this work, V-doped CoP nanosheet arrays supported on the carbon cloth (V-CoP/CC) are fabricated though a facile water-bath/phosphorization method. The nanoarray structure on the three-dimensional self-supporting electrode can provide a large electrochemical active surface area with more exposed active sites to accelerate the reaction kinetics. Furthermore, V doping is able to tune the electronic properties and thus enhance the intrinsic catalytic activity of CoP. Consequently, the V-CoP/CC electrode exhibits excellent electrocatalytic activities toward HER in both 0.5 M H2SO4 and 1 M KOH solutions with small overpotentials of 88 and 98 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2, respectively. The present work will offer a feasible way to tailor the catalytic activity by hetero-atoms doping toward HER.

The urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) loaded hollow nanogels (nUK) were synthesized by a one-step reaction of glycol chitosan and aldehyde capped poly (ethylene oxide). The resultant formulation is sensitive to diagnostic ultrasound (US) of 2 MHz. Herein, we evaluated the in vivo sonothrombolysis performance of the nUK on acute ischemic stroke rat model which was established by suture embolization of middle cerebral artery (MCA). Via intravenous (i.v.) administration, the experimental data prove a controlled release of the therapeutic protein around the clots under ultrasound stimulation, leading to enhanced thrombolysis efficiency of the nUK, evidenced from smaller infarct volume and better clinical scores when compared to the i.v. dose of free uPA no matter with or without US intervention. Meanwhile, the preservation ability of the nanogels not only prolonged the circulation duration of the protein, but also resulted in the better blood-brain barrier protection of the nUK formulation, showing no increased risk on the hemorrhagic transformation than the controls. This work suggests that the nUK is a safe sonothrombolytic formulation for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.

An ultrasensitive enzyme-free glucose sensor was facilely prepared by electrodepositing three-dimensional dendritic Cu on a room temperature exfoliated graphite-derived film (RTEG-F). An excellent electrocatalytic performance was demonstrated for glucose by using Cu/RTEG-F as an electrode. In terms of the high conductivity of RTEG-F and the good catalytic activity of the dendritic Cu structures, the sensor demonstrates high sensitivities of 23.237 mA/mM/cm2, R2 = 0.990, and 10.098 mA/mM/cm2, R2 = 0.999, corresponding to the concentration of glucose ranging from 0.025 mM to 1.0 mM and 1.0 mM to 2.7 mM, respectively, and the detection limit is 0.68 μM. In addition, the Cu/RTEG-F electrode demonstrates excellent anti-interference to interfering species and a high stability. Our work provides a new idea for the preparation of high-performance electrochemical enzyme-free glucose sensor.

Abstract Background The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for extracranial carotid artery stenosis (ECAS) and intracranial carotid artery stenosis (ICAS) simultaneously in asymptomatic Chinese pure rural population. Methods We analyzed 2589 asymptomatic subjects aged over 30 yr. by ultrasonography and transcranial Doppler simultaneously in 13 isolated villages by door-to-door investigation. Both ECAS and ICAS were defined as more than 50% stenosis. Demographics, medical history documentation, and investigation of biochemical results were performed for each subject. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to assess the risk factors associated with ECAS and ICAS, respectively. Results One hundred twenty-two (4.7%) residents with ICAS and 56 (2.2%) with ECAS were found in 2589 subjects. Three factors emerged as independent risk factors for ICAS: age (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.01–1.04, odds ratio [OR] = 1.07), hypertension (95% CI = 1.98–4.37, OR = 2.94), and diabetes mellitus (95% CI = 1.72–4.38, OR = 2.75). As for ECAS, five factors presented as independent risk factors: age (95% CI = 1.09–1.11, OR = 1.10), male sex (95% CI = 1.01–1.02, OR = 1.01), diabetes mellitus (95% CI = 1.10–2.12, OR = 1.53), systolic blood pressure (95% CI = 1.95–2.88, OR = 2.37), and total cholesterol (95% CI = 1.00–1.13, OR = 1.06). Conclusions ICAS and ECAS were relatively common among asymptomatic rural Chinese subjects. Although they shared similar risk factors, differences still existed between them.

Herein, SnO2- and ZnO2-doped (1.5 wt.%) composite Cu powder was prepared by mechanical alloying (MA) respectively, and both the contact materials of oxide-doped Cu alloys were subsequently obtained by canned hot-pressing powder sintering with hot extrusion combined. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) and self-designed electrical breakdown device were used for investigating the microstructure and properties including electric conductivity and hardness, especially for electrical contact performance of the Cu-SnO2 alloy and in compared with the Cu-ZnO2 alloy. The experimental results show that the hardness of Cu-SnO2 and Cu-ZnO2 contact materials are 103.5±1 HV and 192.7±1 HV, respectively, which meet the hardness standard of national standard electrical contact materials. Meanwhile, the relative conductivity %IACS are 7.24% and 6.20%, respectively, which are higher than the traditional Cu-based contact materials. This electrical life simulation test system was designed independently, and the results indicate that the switching times of Cu-SnO2 contact materials are much more than that of Cu-ZnO2. The addition of SnO2 can effectively improve the arc extinguishing characteristics and the anti-welding performance of the contact materials is enhanced. In summary, SnO2-doped Cu-based contact materials possess excellent comprehensive properties, which can provide reference for potential applications in contact materials.

Lithium-ion hybrid capacitors (LICs) are regarded as one of the most promising next generation energy storage devices. Commercial activated carbon materials with low cost and excellent cycling stability are widely used as cathode materials for LICs, however, their low energy density remains a significant challenge for the practical applications of LICs. Herein, Na0.76V6O15 nanobelts (NaVO) were prepared and combined with commercial activated carbon YP50D to form hybrid cathode materials. Credit to the synergism of its capacitive effect and diffusion-controlled faradaic effect, NaVO/C hybrid cathode displays both superior cyclability and enhanced capacity. LICs were assembled with the as-prepared NaVO/C hybrid cathode and artificial graphite anode which was pre-lithiated. Furthermore, 10-NaVO/C//AG LIC delivers a high energy density of 118.9 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 220.6 W kg−1 and retains 43.7 Wh kg−1 even at a high power density of 21,793.0 W kg−1. The LIC can also maintain long-term cycling stability with capacitance retention of approximately 70% after 5000 cycles at 1 A g−1. Accordingly, hybrid cathodes composed of commercial activated carbon and a small amount of high energy battery-type materials are expected to be a candidate for low-cost advanced LICs with both high energy density and power density.

Graphene oxide (GO) has attracted much attention in anticorrosive coating applications due to its excellent mechanical properties, thermochemical stability and large specific surface area. In this paper, aniline trimer modified GO composites (ATGO) were prepared through modifying GO at different temperatures of 65 °C, 80 °C, 95 °C, and 110 °C, respectively. Aniline trimer modified GO composite coatings (ATGO/EP) were then prepared by adding different quantities of ATGO to epoxy coating, with the mass fractions of 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.3%, respectively. The resulting composite coatings were then sprayed onto Q235 steel plates for characterization and anticorrosion testing. A series of characterization methods such as x-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectra, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to prove that aniline trimer was successfully grafted on GO. The optimal reaction temperature for ATGO preparation was determined to be 95 °C. Using anticorrosive tests such as Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), salt spray test and adhesion test, it was proven that the addition of ATGO can significantly promote anticorrosion performance of epoxy resin (E-44). The optimal addition amount of ATGO to prepare composite coatings was determined to be 0.05 wt%. Its coating resistance after soaking in 3.5% NaCl solution for 10 days was 6.87 × 10 ^6 Ω, which was two orders of magnitude higher than the 3.89 × 10 ^4 Ω of pure epoxy coating. The importance and originality of this study is that it explores an effective way to improve the anticorrosion performance of epoxy coatings.