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In order to explore the huge impact of impaired immnue homeostasis on the occurrence and development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), and investigate characterization of the cellular components and their changes which is crucial to understanding the pathologic process of HPV‐induced cSCC, we diagnosed and followed up on a very rare HPV‐induced cSCC patient who progressed at a very fast rate and transferred to death quickly. We performed single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) of 11 379 cells from the skin tissues of this patient with four different skin statuses after HPV infection. Immunofluorescence experiments were used for validation. scRNA‐seq identified that CD52+ HLA‐DOA‐ macrophages only existed in paracancerous cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (pc‐cSCC) and cSCC tissue. Besides, immune cells including CD8+ exhausted T cells and CD4+ regulatory T cells as well as matrix cells like MMP1+, and MMP11+ fibroblasts were gradually increased. Meanwhile, COMP+ ASPN+ fibroblasts gradually decreased. Cell interaction analysis revealed enhancement in interactions between monocytes/macrophages, fibroblasts and tumour‐specific keratinocytes. scRNA‐seq was performed in HPV‐induced cSCC for the first time, to explore the correlation between infection and tumour. It is the first time to study the development of tumours from different stages of infection in HPV‐induced cSCC. In this study, the tumour itself and the tumour microenvironment were both analysed and explored. And it was validated in clinical samples from different patients. Our findings reveal the dynamic immnue homeostasis from normal skin to cSCC tissue, this alteration might drive HPV‐induced cSCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune connective tissue disease involving multiple organs. The most common clinical symptom of SSc is progressive fibrosis of the skin, and the pathologically manifestations of skin were activation and proliferation of fibroblasts and continuous proliferation of extracellular matrix. Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) can promote the proliferation and activation of fibroblasts, causing excessive deposition of collagen and structural proteins. Therefore, exploring the specific mechanism of TGFβ-related pathway on fibrosis is of great significance for improving skin fibrosis in SSc., Methods: Genes related to TGFβ pathway were screened through bioinformatics analysis, and SSc phenotypes were verified in vivo and vitro. The relevant molecular mechanisms were preliminarily discussed in combination with transcriptome sequencing., Results: Human cysteine-rich secreted protein LCCL domain protein 2 (CRISPLD2) was found increased reactivity in TGFβ induced fibroblasts, and the expression of ACTA2 (ɑ-SMA) decreased significantly in TGFβ-mediated fibroblasts with up-regulation of CRISPLD2., Conclusion: CRISPLD2 was found increased reactivity in TGFβ induced fibroblasts, and we further confirmed that CRISPLD2 can participate in TGFβ induced fibroblast fibrosis from multiple perspectives and levels in negative feedback regulation, and investigated the mechanism of CRISPLD2 in fibrosis., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Rheumatology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)

Background: Diabetes peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is mainly treated with diabetes as a whole, and there is no targeted treatment. Some studies have reported that adjuvant hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) for DPN has achieved a good effect, our study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of HBOT for DPN and provide reference for the clinic by using a systematic review and meta-analysis., Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across several databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Internet Database, Chinese BioMedical Database, China Scientific Journal Database, and Wanfang Database, for relevant randomized controlled trials published before July 2022. The population, intervention, comparison, outcomes, study design criteria were used to guide the selection of studies. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 and STATA 14.0, with odds ratios and mean differences along with 95% confidence intervals serving as measures of effect size., Results: Fourteen randomized controlled trials were included in the final analysis, comprising 675 patients in the HBOT group and 648 in the standard therapy (ST) group. The HBOT group demonstrated a significantly higher effective treatment rate compared to the ST group (P < .001). Additionally, the HBOT group showed significant improvements in motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) and sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNVC) across multiple nerves: median nerve (PMNCV < 0.001, PSNCV = 0.001), ulnar nerve (PMNCV = 0.02, PSNCV < 0.001), peroneal nerve (PMNCV < 0.001, PSNCV < 0.001), and tibial nerve (PMNCV = 0.001, PSNCV = 0.008). Six adverse events were reported in the HBOT group, while no adverse events occurred in the ST group, with no significant difference between the 2 groups. Publication bias was identified in some outcome variables through funnel plots, Begger test, and Egger test., Conclusions: HBOT significantly enhances treatment efficacy and nerve conduction velocity in patients with DPN, with few adverse events, making it a safe and effective adjunctive therapy for DPN., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)

Purpose: We aim to evaluate the efficacy of local antibiotic delivery systems in patients with diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO)., Methods: The Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase databases were searched for relevant publications until March 2024. All studies evaluating the efficacy of local antibiotic delivery systems in patients with DFO were included. We calculated pooled risk ratio (RR) with 95% CIs for binary outcomes and mean difference (MD) for continuous outcomes. The Cochrane's risk of bias tool and methodological index for non-randomized studies (MINORS) assessment were used to evaluate the quality of studies., Results: A total of 9 studies with 491 patients were included in this analysis. The overall healing rate in antibiotic group was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.67, 0.97). Healing rates were significantly higher in the antibiotic group compared to the control group (RR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.38). Furthermore, recurrence rates and amputation rates have no significantly difference between the antibiotic group and the control group (RR: 0.30, 95% CI: 0.04, 2.12 and RR: 0.22, 95% CI:0.03, 1.91), along with no significantly difference in healing time and hospital stays(MD: -7.87, 95% CI: -20.81, 5.07 and MD:-2.33, 95% CI:-5.17, 0.50). No obvious publication bias was observed in the funnel plot (Egger's test, P  = .99)., Conclusions: Our meta-analysis found that diabetic foot osteomyelitis patients treated with local antibiotic delivery systems had better healing rates than the control group. However, no significant differences were found in healing time, recurrence, hospital stays, or amputation rates. Larger randomized controlled trials are necessary in the future.