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In this study, polylactic acid (PLA)/sulfadiazine sodium/proteinase K composite nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning, and their morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope. The novel nanofibers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and drug release curve. The activity of different groups of drugs loaded nanofibers in frostbite wound of rats was studied and compared with the blank control group. Hematoxylin–eosin staining and transmission electron microscope were used to access the histological changes of frostbite wounds on the back of rats before and after treatment. CD31 fluorescence staining was used to track the reconstruction and improvement of blood vessels in tissues. The results revealed that the drug release rate of PLA/sulfadiazine sodium/proteinase K nanofibers group was more than 50% at 1 h, and the cumulative drug release rate was more than 88% at 168 h, and CD31 fluorescence showed that its vascular density was 13.27% ± 0.9%, which was significantly higher than that of other groups. Therefore, PLA/sulfadiazine sodium/proteinase K composite nanofibers could promote the healing of frostbite wounds, which indicated the increase of capillaries and the regeneration of hair follicles. PLA/sulfadiazine sodium/proteinase K composite nanofibers have great potential in the application of frostbite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia is an inevitable disease in the progression of aging society. Decrease of muscle strength and joint flexibility and variation in foot structure and function can cause the change of gait characteristics of the elderly to varying degrees. Therefore, by comparing the plantar pressure data of elderly patients with sarcopenia and healthy elderly people, it is helpful to provide accurate evaluation indexes for clinical prediction of fall risks in elderly patients with sarcopenia. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes of plantar pressure in elderly patients with sarcopenia. METHODS: The plantar pressure data of elderly patients with sarcopenia (experimental group} and elderly people without sarcopenia (control group} were collected by Footscan 2.0 plantar pressure test system. The step length, step speed, touchdown time, plantar zone pressure, plantar pressure center trajectory were com pared and analyzed. The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, China. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The step length and speed of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group. The touchdown time in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group. Significant differences between the two groups were found in the changes of plantar pressure in toes 2-5, metatarsal 3, mid foot, metatarsal 4, and metatarsal 5 of the left foot as well as in the changes of plantar pressure in toes 2-5, metatarsal 3, metatarsal 4, and metatarsal 5 of the right foot. The total length of the plantar pressure center trajectory and the short- and long-axis length of the ellipse in the left and right feet were significantly different between the experimental and control groups. These findings indicate that elderly patients with sarcopenia have lower walking and balance control abilities as well as worse gait symmetl'y as compared with healthy controls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Athletes continuously seek out creative methods and technologies to improve their physical fitness and overall performance. Wearable technology's progress offers a swift and eco‐conscious way to consistently observe physiological changes evidenced by biomarkers, stemming from an athlete's internal exertion or external workload. However, there is still a long distance to further understand the internal physiology of athletes which may bring hope to tailor training and recovery programs individually. The ongoing challenges faced by sports healthcare personnel are in finding biomarkers safely and continuously to control athletes' physical condition and tailor their recovery and eating patterns. The summary of this review encompasses the development of flexible and wearable electrochemical sensors. This article provides an overview of biofluids, commonly detected by wearable biochemical sensors and their mutual anatomical formations, with a focus on sweat and its associated biomarkers. Following this, its real‐world application in sports medicine becomes apparent, both theoretically and potentially. The paper ends by highlighting challenges and imagining the possible development of this exciting emerging field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]