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Yousefpour P, Atyabi F, Vasheghani-Farahani E, Movahedi M, Dinarvand R. Int J Nanomedicine. 2011;6:1977—1990. The authors have advised Figure 9D on page 1986 is incorrect. Due to an error at the time of figure assembly Figure 9B and D were duplicated. The correct Figure 9 is shown below. Figure 9 Fluorescence microscopy of cellular uptake of (A) trastuzumab-decorated chitosan-doxorubicin conjugated nanoparticles by SKOV-3 cell line, (B) trastuzumab-decorated chitosan-doxorubicin conjugated nanoparticles by MCF-7 cell line, (C) chitosan-doxorubicin conjugated nanoparticles by SKOV-3 cell line, and (D) chitosan-doxorubicin conjugated nanoparticles by MCF-7 cell line. (E) SKOV-3 cells and (F) MCF-7 cells in cell culture medium served as negative controls. The authors previously requested a corrigendum to correct this error soon after publication but it was not actioned due to communication issues between the journal and authors. The authors have now contacted the journal again several years later to request the same corrigendum in relation to the same error. The authors apologize for the error and advise it does not affect the results of the paper.

Saeid Maghsoudi,1 Bahareh Taghavi Shahraki,1 Navid Rabiee,2 Yousef Fatahi,3– 5 Rassoul Dinarvand,3,4 Maryam Tavakolizadeh,6 Sepideh Ahmadi,7,8 Mohammad Rabiee,9 Mojtaba Bagherzadeh,2 Ali Pourjavadi,6 Hassan Farhadnejad,10 Mohammadreza Tahriri,11 Thomas J Webster,12 Lobat Tayebi11 1Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran; 2Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; 3Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 4Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 5Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; 6Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11365-9516, Iran; 7Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 8Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 9Biomaterial Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; 10Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 11School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA; 12Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USACorrespondence: Thomas J Webster; Mohammadreza Tahriri Tel +1 617 373 6585Email th.webster@neu.edu; mohammadreza.tahriri@marquette.eduAbstract: With continual rapid developments in the biomedical field and understanding of the important mechanisms and pharmacokinetics of biological molecules, controlled drug delivery systems (CDDSs) have been at the forefront over conventional drug delivery systems. Over the past several years, scientists have placed boundless energy and time into exploiting a wide variety of excipients, particularly diverse polymers, both natural and synthetic. More recently, the development of nano polymer blends has achieved noteworthy attention due to their amazing properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability and more importantly, their pivotal role in controlled and sustained drug release in vitro and in vivo. These compounds come with a number of effective benefits for improving problems of targeted or controlled drug and gene delivery systems; thus, they have been extensively used in medical and pharmaceutical applications. Additionally, they are quite attractive for wound dressings, textiles, tissue engineering, and biomedical prostheses. In this sense, some important and workable natural polymers (namely, chitosan (CS), starch and cellulose) and some applicable synthetic ones (such as poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly-glycolic acid (PGA)) have played an indispensable role over the last two decades for their therapeutic effects owing to their appealing and renewable biological properties. According to our data, this is the first review article highlighting CDDSs composed of diverse natural and synthetic nano biopolymers, blended for biological purposes, mostly over the past five years; other reviews have just briefly mentioned the use of such blended polymers. We, additionally, try to make comparisons between various nano blending systems in terms of improved sustained and controlled drug release behavior.Keywords: polymer blends, drug delivery, wound dressing, PLGA, chitosan, starch

Talaie F, Azizi E, Dinarvand R, Atyabi F. Int J Nanomedicine. 2011;6:1963‒1975. The Editor and Publisher of International Journal of Nanomedicine wish to retract the published article. Concerns were raised regarding the alleged duplication of images in Figures 3 and 7. Specifically, Figure 3A, chitosan nanoparticles, appears to have been duplicated with a similar image for Figure 3C, DOX-NAC-C nanoparticles. Figure 7B 1, FBS-free RPMI, appears to have been duplicated with a similar image for Figure 7B 7, NAP-C. Figure 7B 4, NAC-C, appears to have been duplicated with a similar image for Figure 7B 10, Chitosan. The authors responded to our queries but were unable to provide a satisfactory explanation for the duplicated images and the Editor requested for the article to be retracted. The authors were notified of this decision. Our decision-making was informed by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retraction. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as “Retracted”.

Maryam Dibaei,1 Mohammad-Reza Rouini,1 Behjat Sheikholeslami,1 Mahdi Gholami,2,3 Rassoul Dinarvand4,51Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetic Division, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 2Experimental Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 3Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 4Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 5Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranBackground: Curcumin, a bioactive component with multiple characteristics, has been shown to have many therapeutic effects. However, there are several limitations regarding the use of curcumin such as instability, low solubility, poor bioavailability, and rapid elimination. Different approaches have been used to solve these problems.Materials and methods: In this study, surface-modified nanosuspension (NS) is investigated as a novel brain delivery system. Two different methods were used for the preparation of nanosuspensions with two different stabilizers. The surface of the nanosuspensions was coated with D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1,000 succinate (TPGS) and Tween 80 using physical adsorption. Curcumin NSs were prepared using two different top-down techniques by high-pressure homogenizer and probe sonicator. A validated sensitive and selective high-performance liquid chromatography method using fluorescence detection was used for the determination and quantification of curcumin. Pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of curcumin NSs and solutions after intravenous administration in rats were studied.Results: Higher levels of curcumin in the brain were detected when Tween 80-coated NS was used compared with the curcumin solution and TPGS coated NS (TPGS-NS) (P-value

Akram Assali,1 Omid Akhavan,2 Fatemeh Mottaghitalab,1 Mohsen Adeli,3 Rassoul Dinarvand,1 Shayan Razzazan,4 Ehsan Arefian,5 Masoud Soleimani,6 Fatemeh Atyabi1 1Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 2Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; 3Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; 4Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; 5Molecular Virology Lab, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; 6Hematology Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Introduction: MicroRNA-101 (miR-101) is an intense cancer suppressor with special algorithm to target a wide range of pathways and genes which indicates the ability to regulate apoptosis, cellular stress, metastasis, autophagy, and tumor growth. Silencing of some genes such as Stathmin1 with miR-101 can be interpreted as apoptotic accelerator and autophagy suppressor. It is hypothesized that hybrid microRNA (miRNA) delivery structures based on cationized graphene oxide (GO) could take superiority of targeting and photothermal therapy to suppress the cancer cells.Materials and methods: In this study, GO nanoplatforms were covalently decorated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and poly-L-arginine (P-L-Arg) that reduced the surface of GO and increased the near infrared absorption ~7.5-fold higher than nonreduced GO.Results: The prepared nanoplatform [GO-PEG-(P-L-Arg)] showed higher miRNA payload and greater internalization and facilitated endosomal scape into the cytoplasm in comparison with GO-PEG. Furthermore, applying P-L-Arg, as a targeting agent, greatly improved the selective transfection of nanoplatform in cancer cells (MCF7, MDA-MB-231) in comparison with immortalized breast cells and fibroblast primary cells. Treating cancer cells with GO-PEG-(P-L-Arg)/miR-101 and incorporating near infrared laser irradiation induced 68% apoptosis and suppressed Stathmin1 protein.Conclusion: The obtained results indicated that GO-PEG-(P-L-Arg) would be a suitable targeted delivery system of miR-101 transfection that could downregulate autophagy and conduct thermal stress to activate apoptotic cascades when combined with photothermal therapy. Keywords: miR-101, cationized graphene oxide, poly-L-arginine, apoptosis, autophagy, photothermal therapy