20 results on '"Din MO"'
Search Results
2. The Potential Of Biomass Co-firing In Overcoming Coal Limitation In Steam Power Plants
- Author
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Hendrik Sanjaya Eli, Sayfulloh Alwy Much., Khafid Syahroni Abdul, Atif Fikri Ahmad, Bachri Syamsul, Leksono Edy Duwi, and Din Mohd. Fadhil MD.
- Subjects
Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
The limitations that lead to coal scarcity are interesting to study, because coal is used as the main fuel source in steam power plants (PLTU). In this study, the use of biomass made in the briquette model for biomass cofiring is offered as a substitute for coal in PLTU. The materials used in biomass cofiring here are abundant and rarely used materials, such as sugarcane waste, palm oil waste, corn waste, wood saw waste, and durian fruit waste. The results of the biomass cofiring potential are measured based on proximate testing, where the results obtained by the calorific value of the materials used are quite high, with the highest material being rice husks which have a calorific value of 6800 kcal / Kg where this calorific value is higher than the calorific value of subbituminous batubaru which is 4600-6400 kcal / Kg. so that its potential as a substitute for coal at PLTU needs to be reviewed as a step towards the continuity of electricity availability at PLTU. more...
- Published
- 2024
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Catalog
3. Stercoral colitis due to massive fecal impaction: a case report and literature review
- Author
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Abasin Tajmalzai, MD and Din Mohammad Najah, MD
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Fecal impaction ,Stercoral colitis ,Constipation ,Imaging findings ,Computed tomography ,Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ,R895-920 - Abstract
Stercoral colitis is a rare inflammatory condition involving the large bowel wall secondary to fecal impaction. Stercoral colitis has a clinical course ranging from non-complicated fecaloid impaction to colonic perforation. This case report aims to give a brief review of this condition and discuss its imaging findings. Case Presentation: We herein report a case 74-year-old female who presented with abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and the absence of gas-feces discharge for a few days. The patient had a one-year history of chronic constipation and recent femoral neck fracture surgery. Physical examination shows abdominal distension with slight tenderness. Abdominal radiographs demonstrated bowel distention and fecal material in the colorectal regions. Computed tomography (CT) images demonstrated abundant fecal material with massive dilatation in the rectosigmoid colon, focal mural thickening, subtle pericolic fat stranding, and minimal free fluid in the abdominal and pelvic cavities. Based on these findings, the diagnosis of stercoral colitis was made. The patient was treated conservatively and eventually discharged with a good health condition. Conclusion: Stercoral colitis seems to be more common in elderly patients with comorbid diseases. Chronic constipation causing fecal impaction is a major risk factor. CT scan is the most helpful imaging modality for the diagnosis of stercoral colitis. CT findings that should prompt the radiologist to consider this diagnosis include colonic dilatation containing impacted feces, mural thickening, and pericolic fat stranding. If the fecal impaction is not promptly relieved, life-threatening complications such as colonic perforation can occur. more...
- Published
- 2021
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4. Early manifestation of Moyamoya syndrome in a 2-year-old child with Down syndrome
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Abasin Tajmalzai, MD, Asadullah Shirzai, MD, and Din Mohammad Najah, MD
- Subjects
Moyamoya syndrome ,Down syndrome ,Lacunar infarction ,MRI ,Angiography ,Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ,R895-920 - Abstract
Moyamoya is a rare occlusive cerebrovascular disease characterized by progressive stenosis of the terminal portion of the internal carotid artery and the circle of Willis. Over time, collateral arteries are usually formed at the basal ganglia, the so-called Moyamoya vessels. The exact cause of Moyamoya disease is unknown, while Moyamoya syndrome refers to Moyamoya-like vasculopathy due to autoimmune diseases, neurofibromatosis type I, sickle cell disease, radiation, or rarely Down syndrome. Down syndrome is one of the most common genetic conditions, characterized by typical physical traits, associated with intellectual disability and a heterogeneous group of structural defects that may vulnerable the patient for the development of Moyamoya syndrome. The reported case is an unusual case of a 2-year-old boy with Down syndrome who presented to the hospital with seizures and right-side weakness. Brain MRI shows acute as well as old lacunar infarctions in both cerebral hemispheres. Catheter angiography of the patient demonstrates severe stenosis and occlusion of the large vessels of the circle of Willis, predominantly on the right side. The collateral vessels with the typical pattern of “puff of smoke” were also depicted in the right basal ganglia, which is a characteristic imaging finding for Moyamoya. The patient was managed conservatively and eventually discharged with a minimal improvement of the right-sided weakness. This case report is noteworthy because of the rarity of Moyamoya syndrome as a cause of a stroke as well as its possible association with Down syndrome. more...
- Published
- 2021
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5. Development of U control chart by variable sample size and sampling interval to improve the statistical properties
- Author
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Mohsen Shojaie and Din Mohammad Imani
- Subjects
AATS ,ANF ,ANI ,ANS ,U control chart ,variable sampling schemes ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Electronic computers. Computer science ,QA75.5-76.95 - Abstract
Abstract It has been proved that the quality control charts with variable sampling schemes are more effective than the classical ones in improving statistical measures. The Average Number of False Alarms (ANF), Average Number of Samples (ANS), Average Number of Inspected Items (ANI), and Adjusted Average Time to Signal (AATS) have been the most important statistical measures always being attending in the evaluation of control charts. Thus, this study was conducted aiming at illustrating a comprehensive analytical review on the U control chart via the statistical measures. To this end, different levels of the possible factors were determined, and the results of calculating the statistical measures and the obtained parameters on the sampling schemes of the U control chart were presented. The results indicated that the variable U control charts were capable of improving the effectiveness of statistical measures, especially for detecting shifts and number of false alarms. more...
- Published
- 2021
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6. Lost in care pathway: a qualitative investigation on the health system delay of extra pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Bangladesh
- Author
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Malabika Sarker, Din Mohammad, Sukanta Paul, Rahima Akter, Shayla Islam, Goutam Biswas, Asheque Hossain, and Akramul Islam
- Subjects
Extra pulmonary ,Tuberculosis ,EPTB ,Healthcare-seeking pathway ,DOTS ,Bangladesh ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Although extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) has long been known as a major public health concern globally, the complex healthcare-seeking pathways of EPTB patients are not widely studied. This study aims to explore the pattern of healthcare-seeking pathways of rural and urban EPTB patients registered with the BRAC TB control programme. BRAC is a Bangladesh-based non-governmental organization dedicated to alleviating poverty through empowering the poor. Method Data were collected through 60 in-depth interviews with rural and urban EPTB patients in Bangladesh. Results The findings reveal that the rural EPTB patients encountered a substantial diagnostic delay as compared to the urban patients. However, the difference between the average number of healthcare providers consulted by the rural verses the urban EPTB patients was not significant. This study also shows that the healthcare-seeking journey of rural and urban EPTB patients usually starts either at pharmacies or private facilities. Through exploring the detailed nature of the pathway, this study reveals the ways in which non-medical informants, mainly relatives and friends, can benefit patients. Conclusions The private and informal healthcare providers should receive appropriate training on the diagnosis of EPTB. Such training could effectively shorten the long and complex healthcare-seeking pathways of EPTB patients. more...
- Published
- 2017
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7. Land Subsidence Caused by Groundwater Exploitation in Quetta Valley, Pakistan
- Author
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Najeebullah Kakar, Din Mohammad Kakar, Abdul Salam Khan, and Shuhab D. Khan
- Subjects
Land subsidence ,water depletion ,GPS ,Quetta ,GIS ,Pakistan. ,Geology ,QE1-996.5 - Abstract
Land subsidence is affecting several metropolitan cities in developing as well as developed countries around the world such as Nagoya (Japan), Shanghai (China), Venice (Italy) and San Joaquin valley (United States). This phenomenon is attributed to natural as well as anthropogenic activities that include extensive groundwater withdrawals. Quetta is the largest city of Balochistan province in Pakistan. This valley is mostly dry and ground water is the major source for domestic and agricultural consumption. The unplanned use of ground water resources has led to the deterioration of water quality and quantity in the Quetta valley. Water shortage in the region was further aggravated by the drought during (1998-2004) that hit the area forcing people to migrate from rural to urban areas. Refugees from the war torn neighboring Afghanistan also contributed to rapid increase in population of Quetta valley that has increased from 0.26 million in 1975 to 3.0 million in 2016. The objective of this study was to measure the land subsidence in Quetta valley and identify the effects of groundwater withdrawals on land subsidence. To achieve this goal, data from five Global Positioning System (GPS) stations were acquired and processed. Furthermore the groundwater decline data from 41 observation wells during 2010 to 2015 were calculated and compared with the land deformation. The results of this study revealed that the land of Quetta valley is subsiding from 30mm/y on the flanks to 120 mm/y in the central part. 1.5-5.0 m/y of groundwater level drop was recorded in the area where the rate of subsidence is highest. So the extensive groundwater withdrawals in Quetta valley is considered to be the driving force behind land subsidence. more...
- Published
- 2016
8. Identifying Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Resistance to Rifampin by Multiplex Specific PCR Method
- Author
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Masjedi M.R, Kazempour M, Beiglari A, Farnia P, Din Mohammadi F, and Velayati A.A
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Tuberculosis ,Drug Resistance ,Rifampin ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background and Objectives: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is still considered the most common cause of death cases related to pathogenic infectious factors in the world. Rifampin is among the most important first-line drugs to treat tuberculosis. The most common mutations in resistance to Rifampin occur due to the displacements in Codons 531, 526, and 516 in rpoB gene. This study was carried out with the aim of introducing the method (Multiplex Allele Specific) PCR in order to identify tuberculosis patients resistant to rifampin through detecting mutations in the rpoB gene.Methods: In this study, three cases of mutation were evaluated in three Codons of rpoB gene in 90 samples of the positive cases of culture from pulmonary TB patients who had referred to Research Center of Mycobacteriology located in Masih-Daneshvari Hospital of Tehran from 1385 to 1387 after the drug sensitivity test. To examine three codons 531, 526 and 516, MAS PCR method was used. Results: The results of the culture showed that 33.3% of the samples were sensitive and 66.6% were resistant to drugs of which 44.4% were resistant to Rifampin. By using MAS PCR method, 32.2% of these cases of resistance were identified. Among these cases, 43.4% had mutation in codon rpoB 531, 34.5% in rpoB 526 codon and 31% in rpoB 516 codon. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, MAS PCR method used in this research is an accurate and appropriate method to rapidly diagnose resistance to Rifampin in the clinical samples of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. more...
- Published
- 2011
9. The Box-Of-Chocolate Phenonema: Using narratives to improve staff morale in large organisations
- Author
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BOEHM, Carola, Ainley, Carol, Bason, Paul, Din, Mo, Jones, Helen, Lewin, Rita, Rowe, Helen, Shutt, Mark, and Stevens, Bev
- Abstract
In 2010 a group of senior managers of the Manchester Metropolitan University, one of the largest universities in the United Kingdom with over 4000 members of staff, started a project to explore ways of encouraging a more positive attitude amongst the wider staff community and to begin to change perceptions of the organisation, i.e to change the cultural narrative of their own institution.\ud \ud The objectives of the project was to use narratives - as a richer set of data - to provide a deeper understanding of how staff develop different identification factors in relation to the institution, locally as well as corporate and to devise and implement a strategy that would allow the institution to create a new and more positive narrative about itself. The investigation resulted in the development of a major institutional-wide initiative, which is in its early stages. more...
10. The Box-Of-Chocolate Phenonema: Using narratives to improve staff morale in large organisations (15 pages)
- Author
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BOEHM, Carola, Ainley, Carol, Bason, Paul, Din, Mo, Jones, Helen, Lewin, Rita, Rowe, Helen, Shutt, Mark, and Stevens, Bev
- Abstract
In 2010 a group of senior managers of the Manchester Metropolitan University, one of the largest universities in the United Kingdom with over 4000 members of staff, started a project to explore ways of encouraging a more positive attitude amongst the wider staff community and to begin to change perceptions of the organisation, i.e to change the cultural narrative of their own institution.\ud \ud The objectives of the project was to use narratives - as a richer set of data - to provide a deeper understanding of how staff develop different identification factors in relation to the institution, locally as well as corporate and to devise and implement a strategy that would allow the institution to create a new and more positive narrative about itself. The investigation resulted in the development of a major institutional-wide initiative, which is in its early stages. \ud The paper will describe the results of the project, which collected evidences from a institutional-wide staff survey, from structured focus groups, from a talking-heads video that gave individuals the opportunity to have their thoughts to be recorded and a literature review, as well as outline the new initiative, developed from the findings of this project, which is in its early stages of development. more...
11. Utilization of Baggase Waste Based Materials as Improvement for Thermal Insulation of Cement Brick
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Aminudin Eeydzah, Khalid Nur Hafizah A., Azman Nor Ain, Bakri Khairuniza, Din Mohd Fadhil Md, Zakaria Rozana, and Zainuddin Nur Azmira
- Subjects
Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
Building materials having low thermal load and low thermal conductivity will provide thermal comforts to the occupants in building. In an effort to reduce the use of high energy and waste products from the agricultural industry, sugarcane bagasse and banana bagasse has been utilize as an additive in the manufacture of cement brick. The aim of this study is to investigate the insulation and mechanical properties of brick that has been mixed with bagasse and its effectiveness as thermal insulation using heat flow meter. Waste bagasse is being treated using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and is characterized using SEM and XRF. The samples produced with two different dimensions of 50 mm × 50 mm × 50 mm and 215mm × 102.5mm × 65mm for thermal conductivity test. Next, the sample varies from 0% (control sample), 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% in order to determine the best mix proportion. The compressive strength is being tested for 7, 14 and 28 days of water curing. Results showed that banana bagasse has lower thermal conductivity compared to sugarcane bagasse used, with compressive strength of 15.6MPa with thermal conductivity 0.6W/m.K. more...
- Published
- 2017
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12. Climate and agriculture in Florida.
- Author
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el-Hefny, Mohamed Bahy el-Din Mo-hamed
- Subjects
- Agriculture, Biological Sciences
- Published
- 1949
13. The Balance of Stromal BMP Signaling Mediated by GREM1 and ISLR Drives Colorectal Carcinogenesis.
- Author
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Kobayashi H, Gieniec KA, Wright JA, Wang T, Asai N, Mizutani Y, Lida T, Ando R, Suzuki N, Lannagan TRM, Ng JQ, Hara A, Shiraki Y, Mii S, Ichinose M, Vrbanac L, Lawrence MJ, Sammour T, Uehara K, Davies G, Lisowski L, Alexander IE, Hayakawa Y, Butler LM, Zannettino ACW, Din MO, Hasty J, Burt AD, Leedham SJ, Rustgi AK, Mukherjee S, Wang TC, Enomoto A, Takahashi M, Worthley DL, and Woods SL more...
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Animals, Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts metabolism, Carcinogenesis pathology, Cell Differentiation, Cell Line, Tumor, Colorectal Neoplasms mortality, Disease Progression, Female, Hepatocytes metabolism, Humans, Immunoglobulins genetics, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Male, Mice, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Signal Transduction, Tumor Microenvironment, Up-Regulation, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, Bone Morphogenetic Proteins metabolism, Colorectal Neoplasms pathology, Immunoglobulins metabolism, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins metabolism, Liver Neoplasms secondary
- Abstract
Background & Aims: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), key constituents of the tumor microenvironment, either promote or restrain tumor growth. Attempts to therapeutically target CAFs have been hampered by our incomplete understanding of these functionally heterogeneous cells. Key growth factors in the intestinal epithelial niche, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), also play a critical role in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. However, the crucial proteins regulating stromal BMP balance and the potential application of BMP signaling to manage CRC remain largely unexplored., Methods: Using human CRC RNA expression data, we identified CAF-specific factors involved in BMP signaling, then verified and characterized their expression in the CRC stroma by in situ hybridization. CRC tumoroids and a mouse model of CRC hepatic metastasis were used to test approaches to modify BMP signaling and treat CRC., Results: We identified Grem1 and Islr as CAF-specific genes involved in BMP signaling. Functionally, GREM1 and ISLR acted to inhibit and promote BMP signaling, respectively. Grem1 and Islr marked distinct fibroblast subpopulations and were differentially regulated by transforming growth factor β and FOXL1, providing an underlying mechanism to explain fibroblast biological dichotomy. In patients with CRC, high GREM1 and ISLR expression levels were associated with poor and favorable survival, respectively. A GREM1-neutralizing antibody or fibroblast Islr overexpression reduced CRC tumoroid growth and promoted Lgr5
+ intestinal stem cell differentiation. Finally, adeno-associated virus 8 (AAV8)-mediated delivery of Islr to hepatocytes increased BMP signaling and improved survival in our mouse model of hepatic metastasis., Conclusions: Stromal BMP signaling predicts and modifies CRC progression and survival, and it can be therapeutically targeted by novel AAV-directed gene delivery to the liver., (Copyright © 2021 AGA Institute. All rights reserved.) more...- Published
- 2021
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14. Interfacing gene circuits with microelectronics through engineered population dynamics.
- Author
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Din MO, Martin A, Razinkov I, Csicsery N, and Hasty J
- Abstract
While there has been impressive progress connecting bacterial behavior with electrodes, an attractive observation to facilitate advances in synthetic biology is that the growth of a bacterial colony can be determined from impedance changes over time. Here, we interface synthetic biology with microelectronics through engineered population dynamics that regulate the accumulation of charged metabolites. We demonstrate electrical detection of the bacterial response to heavy metals via a population control circuit. We then implement this approach to a synchronized genetic oscillator where we obtain an oscillatory impedance profile from engineered bacteria. We lastly miniaturize an array of electrodes to form "bacterial integrated circuits" and demonstrate its applicability as an interface with genetic circuits. This approach paves the way for new advances in synthetic biology, analytical chemistry, and microelectronic technologies., (Copyright © 2020 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).) more...
- Published
- 2020
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15. Rock-paper-scissors: Engineered population dynamics increase genetic stability.
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Liao MJ, Din MO, Tsimring L, and Hasty J
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- Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Colicins genetics, Escherichia coli drug effects, Gene Regulatory Networks, Genetic Engineering, Mutation, Plasmids genetics, Synthetic Biology, Antibiosis genetics, Escherichia coli genetics, Escherichia coli growth & development, Gene-Environment Interaction, Genomic Instability, Mutagenesis
- Abstract
Advances in synthetic biology have led to an arsenal of proof-of-principle bacterial circuits that can be leveraged for applications ranging from therapeutics to bioproduction. A unifying challenge for most applications is the presence of selective pressures that lead to high mutation rates for engineered bacteria. A common strategy is to develop cloning technologies aimed at increasing the fixation time for deleterious mutations in single cells. We adopt a complementary approach that is guided by ecological interactions, whereby cyclical population control is engineered to stabilize the functionality of intracellular gene circuits. Three strains of Escherichia coli were designed such that each strain could kill or be killed by one of the other two strains. The resulting "rock-paper-scissors" dynamic demonstrates rapid cycling of strains in microfluidic devices and leads to an increase in the stability of gene circuit functionality in cell culture., (Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.) more...
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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16. Rational engineering of synthetic microbial systems: from single cells to consortia.
- Author
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Bittihn P, Din MO, Tsimring LS, and Hasty J
- Subjects
- Fermentation, Microbial Consortia, Synthetic Biology trends, Bacteria genetics, Bacteria metabolism, Bioengineering trends
- Abstract
One promise of synthetic biology is to provide solutions for biomedical and industrial problems by rational design of added functionality in living systems. Microbes are at the forefront of this biological engineering endeavor due to their general ease of handling and their relevance in many potential applications from fermentation to therapeutics. In recent years, the field has witnessed an explosion of novel regulatory tools, from synthetic orthogonal transcription factors to posttranslational mechanisms for increased control over the behavior of synthetic circuits. Tool development has been paralleled by the discovery of principles that enable increased modularity and the management of host-circuit interactions. Engineered cell-to-cell communication bridges the scales from intracellular to population-level coordination. These developments facilitate the translation of more than a decade of circuit design into applications., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.) more...
- Published
- 2018
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17. A stabilized microbial ecosystem of self-limiting bacteria using synthetic quorum-regulated lysis.
- Author
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Scott SR, Din MO, Bittihn P, Xiong L, Tsimring LS, and Hasty J
- Subjects
- Bacteria metabolism, Bacteriolysis, Coculture Techniques, Escherichia coli genetics, Escherichia coli growth & development, Escherichia coli metabolism, Humans, Lab-On-A-Chip Devices, Models, Biological, Rhodopseudomonas genetics, Rhodopseudomonas metabolism, Salmonella typhimurium growth & development, Salmonella typhimurium metabolism, Transcription Factors genetics, Transcription Factors metabolism, Bacteria growth & development, Ecosystem, Microbial Interactions genetics, Quorum Sensing, Synthetic Biology
- Abstract
Microbial ecologists are increasingly turning to small, synthesized ecosystems
1-5 as a reductionist tool to probe the complexity of native microbiomes6,7uperscript> . Concurrently, synthetic biologists have gone from single-cell gene circuits 8-11 to controlling whole populations using intercellular signalling12-16 . The intersection of these fields is giving rise to new approaches in waste recycling17 , industrial fermentation18 , bioremediation19 and human health16,20 . These applications share a common challenge7 well-known in classical ecology21,22 -stability of an ecosystem cannot arise without mechanisms that prohibit the faster-growing species from eliminating the slower. Here, we combine orthogonal quorum-sensing systems and a population control circuit with diverse self-limiting growth dynamics to engineer two 'ortholysis' circuits capable of maintaining a stable co-culture of metabolically competitive Salmonella typhimurium strains in microfluidic devices. Although no successful co-cultures are observed in a two-strain ecology without synthetic population control, the 'ortholysis' design dramatically increases the co-culture rate from 0% to approximately 80%. Agent-based and deterministic modelling reveal that our system can be adjusted to yield different dynamics, including phase-shifted, antiphase or synchronized oscillations, as well as stable steady-state population densities. The 'ortholysis' approach establishes a paradigm for constructing synthetic ecologies by developing stable communities of competitive microorganisms without the need for engineered co-dependency. more...- Published
- 2017
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18. Synchronized cycles of bacterial lysis for in vivo delivery.
- Author
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Din MO, Danino T, Prindle A, Skalak M, Selimkhanov J, Allen K, Julio E, Atolia E, Tsimring LS, Bhatia SN, and Hasty J
- Subjects
- Administration, Oral, Animals, Coculture Techniques, Colorectal Neoplasms metabolism, Colorectal Neoplasms pathology, Computer Simulation, Female, Liver Neoplasms secondary, Luminescence, Mice, Neoplasm Metastasis, Neoplasm Transplantation, Quorum Sensing, Salmonella genetics, Synthetic Biology methods, Transplantation, Isogeneic, Bacteriolysis, Colorectal Neoplasms drug therapy, Colorectal Neoplasms microbiology, Drug Delivery Systems methods, Salmonella metabolism
- Abstract
The widespread view of bacteria as strictly pathogenic has given way to an appreciation of the prevalence of some beneficial microbes within the human body. It is perhaps inevitable that some bacteria would evolve to preferentially grow in environments that harbor disease and thus provide a natural platform for the development of engineered therapies. Such therapies could benefit from bacteria that are programmed to limit bacterial growth while continually producing and releasing cytotoxic agents in situ. Here we engineer a clinically relevant bacterium to lyse synchronously ata threshold population density and to release genetically encoded cargo. Following quorum lysis, a small number of surviving bacteria reseed the growing population, thus leading to pulsatile delivery cycles. We used microfluidic devices to characterize the engineered lysis strain and we demonstrate its potential as a drug delivery platform via co-culture with human cancer cells in vitro. Asa proof of principle, we tracked the bacterial population dynamics in ectopic syngeneic colorectal tumours in mice via a luminescent reporter. The lysis strain exhibits pulsatile population dynamics in vivo, with mean bacterial luminescence that remained two orders of magnitude lower than an unmodified strain. Finally, guided by previous findings that certain bacteria can enhance the efficacy of standard therapies, we orally administered the lysis strain alone or in combination with a clinical chemotherapeutic to a syngeneic mouse transplantation model of hepatic colorectal metastases. We found that the combination of both circuit-engineered bacteria and chemotherapy leads to a notable reduction of tumour activity along with a marked survival benefit over either therapy alone.Our approach establishes a methodology for leveraging the tools of synthetic biology to exploit the natural propensity for certain bacteria to colonize disease sites. more...
- Published
- 2016
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19. Value of urinary survivin as a diagnostic marker in bladder cancer.
- Author
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Abd El-Hakim TF, El-Shafie MK, Abdou AG, Azmy RM, El-Naidany SS, and Badr El-Din MO
- Subjects
- Aged, Antigens, Neoplasm urine, Humans, Middle Aged, Survivin, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms pathology, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms urine, Biomarkers, Tumor urine, Cytodiagnosis, Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins urine, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms diagnosis
- Abstract
Objective: To study the value of urinary survivin as a diagnostic marker for diagnosis of bladder cancer as compared to urine cytology., Study Design: This study was carried out on 40 patients presenting with bladder cancer and 20 patients presenting with benign urological disorders., Results: For bladder cancer diagnosis, urine cytology has lower sensitivity, accuracy, and negative predictive values as compared to survivin, while it has higher specificity and positive predictive value than survivin. On the other hand, the sensitivity, specificity, and the accuracy of combined survivin and urine cytology were 100%, 95% and 97%, respectively. Positive urine cytology and survivin were significantly higher in cases showing advanced stage and high grade as compared to cases presented with superficial stage and low grade., Conclusion: Urinary survivin appears to be a reliable, noninvasive diagnostic test to identify patients with bladder cancer. The sensitivity of survivin test was superior to that of urine cytology in the diagnosis of bladder cancer, especially in cases presenting with superficial stage or low grade. Combined evaluation of both survivin and urine cytology gave better sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for bladder cancer diagnosis. more...
- Published
- 2014
20. Prevalence and factors associated with depressive symptoms in Malay women.
- Author
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Din MO and Noor NM
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression ethnology, Depression psychology, Depressive Disorder ethnology, Depressive Disorder psychology, Female, Humans, Life Change Events, Malaysia epidemiology, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, Rural Population, Socioeconomic Factors, Stress, Psychological ethnology, Stress, Psychological psychology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Urban Population, Young Adult, Depression epidemiology, Depressive Disorder epidemiology, Quality of Life psychology, Stress, Psychological epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Due to a dearth of research on depressive symptoms in Malaysia, particularly in Malay women, a community study was conducted to examine the prevalence and factors associated with current depressive symptoms in rural and urban Malay women with low socioeconomic status., Method: Four hundred eighty-seven women (N rural = 242, N urban = 245) were interviewed. Information on socio-demographic variables, potential risk factors (family history of mental health problems, lifetime major depressive symptoms, and current life stressors), and current depressive symptoms (measured by the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, CES-D) was collected., Results: The prevalence of current depressive symptoms (CES-D scores > or = 16) reported was 34.5%, while the prevalence of lifetime major depressive symptoms was 27.5%. A significantly higher rate of current depressive symptoms was observed in urban women compared to rural women, chi(2) (1, N = 487) = 3.99, p < .05. However, no significant difference was found in the two groups of women in the prevalence of lifetime major depressive symptoms. The results of the multiple hierarchical regression analysis indicated that three potential factors (family history of mental health problems, lifetime major depressive symptoms, and current life stressors) were positively associated with current depressive symptoms, accounting for 17.8% of the variance, over and above the socio-demographic variables., Conclusion: The prevalence of depressive symptoms reported in the study was comparable to past studies. Among the factors associated with current depressive symptoms, the single most important was lifetime major depressive symptoms, followed by current life stressors, and family history of mental health problems. Among the socio-demographic variables used, perceived health status was the most important. The factors associated with depressive symptoms found in this study are consistent with past findings in the West, implying the universality of the phenomenon and common factors related to depressive symptoms in women. more...
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
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