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A dangerous side effect of diabetes that can significantly lower quality of life and raise the death rate of diabetic individuals is diabetic autonomic neuropathy. It is essential to identify and anticipate this disease early on for prompt intervention and care. This study aims to predict this diabetic complication using Sudoscan and artificial intelligence. In this study, 172 individuals with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus provided clinical and demographic information. Sudoscan was used to evaluate the subjects' sudomotor dysfunction. Statistical methods were used to link various electrochemical skin conductance values with risk factors for neuropathy such as age, BMI, age of diabetes, or biochemical values such as cholesterol and triglycerides. Different machine-learning algorithms were used to predict the risk of diabetic autonomic neuropathy based on the collected data. The accuracy achieved with Logistic Regression is 92.6%, and with the Random Forest model is 96.3%. Lazzy Classifiers also show that six classifiers have a high performance of 97%. Thus, the use of machine learning algorithms in this field of metabolic diseases offers new perceptions for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention, and improves the quality of life of diabetic patients by reducing the incidence of complications related to this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Long COVID, also known as post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), has emerged as a significant health concern following the COVID-19 pandemic. Molecular mechanisms underlying the occurrence and progression of long COVID include viral persistence, immune dysregulation, endothelial dysfunction, and neurological involvement, and highlight the need for further research to develop targeted therapies for this condition. While a clearer picture of the clinical symptomatology is shaping, many molecular mechanisms are yet to be unraveled, given their complexity and high level of interaction with other metabolic pathways. This review summarizes some of the most important symptoms and associated molecular mechanisms that occur in long COVID, as well as the most relevant molecular techniques that can be used in understanding the viral pathogen, its affinity towards the host, and the possible outcomes of host-pathogen interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modern biomedical sensing techniques have significantly increased in precision and accuracy due to new technologies that enable speed and that can be tailored to be highly specific for markers of a particular disease. Diagnosing early-stage conditions is paramount to treating serious diseases. Usually, in the early stages of the disease, the number of specific biomarkers is very low and sometimes difficult to detect using classical diagnostic methods. Among detection methods, biosensors are currently attracting significant interest in medicine, for advantages such as easy operation, speed, and portability, with additional benefits of low costs and repeated reliable results. Single-molecule sensors such as nanopores that can detect biomolecules at low concentrations have the potential to become clinically relevant. As such, several applications have been introduced in this field for the detection of blood markers, nucleic acids, or proteins. The use of nanopores has yet to reach maturity for standardization as diagnostic techniques, however, they promise enormous potential, as progress is made into stabilizing nanopore structures, enhancing chemistries, and improving data collection and bioinformatic analysis. This review offers a new perspective on current biomolecule sensing techniques, based on various types of nanopores, challenges, and approaches toward implementation in clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transportation is currently facing significant challenges from a variety of factors including growing populations and number of vehicles, rising urbanization, negligent driving, and environmental issues. An interdisciplinary approach is needed [...]

Our choice was justified by the fact that between the two countries exist some features that make them interesting to study from the employment point of view. Thus, both countries are Latin and this is why we consider they are comparable, because employment means people, more precisely mentalities and attitudes to work. We considered that it is interesting to see how the labour market from the east Latin Europe has evolved, in a comparable, crucial period, with its counterpart from west Latin Europe. First of all, we would like to point out the fact that our intention is to analyse the periods which from the economic history point of view have influenced in a decisive manner the present evolution of the two countries. The Portugal labour market is a subject of real scientific interest (we would like to mention that even Michael Porter was interested by this topic). Our paper tries to emphasize the common and different features of the two labour markets, in order to facilitate an experience sharing process on this topic. To achieve the paper’s objectives statistical and cluster analysis have been used. This is one of the best ways to capture the influence of determinant factors on labour market performance. The degree of originality is given by the assumed objectives, namely studying some very up-to-date problems from an interconnected perspective (historical similarities, structural changes, labour market performance) and analyzing the Romanian situation compared to other EU countries, i.e. Portugal. The main impact of the paper will be on the practical level through the model outcomes and conclusions. One of the objectives is to look for solutions to the problems identified and to persuade policy makers to give them a greater importance. Our main contribution is represented by the fact that we have approached this topic from an economic and historical perspective, trying to find explanations for the present situation in the modern past of the two nations.

The paper’s topic is focused on the Romanian labour market prospects, which is going to be affected by two main threats: aging and population decline. These two factors are supposed to dramatically change Romania’s economic structure. It is therefore necessary to know how they will evolve in the next decades, facts which represent the main objective of our article. These topics are debated at large scale at the European and national level, because they describe a process which implies European Union as a whole. The methodology used in order to quantify this phenomenon includes statistical methods (correlation analysis and descriptive statistics). We have used data available at national and European level in order to build a proper argumentation. The results obtained are worrying because there is a high risk to assist at an accelerated aging of the Romanian people, doubled by a very low birth rate. This might create huge problems in the economic and social system due to productivity decrease and the pressures on the pension’s funds. The paper offers scientific arguments for developing macroeconomic policies in order to prevent the negative situation in which we could be within less than 40 years. As a comparison term we brought into attention the Germany situation, country which offers economic equilibrium to the EU, but is also affected by aging. The manner in which this problem has been approached is an original one because we tried to put Romania’s situation into the context of the European Union general situation, the threat being emphasised by the fact that it is going to be a trend for the whole continent. Actually, if it is not taken adequate measures, we will be confronted with a demographic crisis, much worse than the current financial one, because the effort of the country to reverse a birth rate decreasing trend with an aged population will take decades.

Into the actual social and economic context, characterised by the challenges of the globalisation process, the need of redefining the state role in the economy, the switch to the knowledge based economy, the problem of increasing the national and regional