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Amaç: Gelişmekte olan ülkelerde Rotavirus gastroenteriti (RG) günümüzde bile en yaygın ölüm ve morbidite nedenlerinden biridir. Sonuç olarak, klinisyenler RG’nin varlığını ve ciddiyetini tespit etmede son derece uyanık olmalıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, nötrofil lenfosit oranı (NLO), ortalama trombosit hacmi trombosit oranı (OTH/T) ve trombosit lenfosit oranı (TLO) dahil olmak üzere tam kan sayımlarını analiz ederek RG şiddetinin öngörücülerini belirlemekti.Gereç ve Yöntem: Veriler, Ocak 2019 ile Aralık 2021 tarihleri arasında Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi, Ankara Atatürk Sanatoryum Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesinde de RG tanısı konan 456 çocuğun tıbbi kayıtlarından ve aynı yaştaki sağlıklı çocukların tıbbi kayıtlarından geriye dönük olarak elde edildi. Hastalık şiddetini; şiddetli veya hafif kategorize etmek için Vesikari skoru kullanıldı. Değişkenlerin hastalık şiddeti üzerindeki prognostik etkileri gruplar arasında karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya RG’lı 456 çocuk dahil edildi. Bunlardan iki yüz otuz ikisi şiddetliydi; 126 erkek; medyan yaş: 1,24 (0,41-2,36) yıl, 224’ü şiddetli değil; 126 erkek; medyan yaş 1,52 (1,01-2,84) yıldı. Hastanede medyan kalış süresi ağır grup için 5 (4-7) gün ve ağır olmayan grup için 2 (0-3) gündü (p, Aim: In developing countries, Rotavirus Gastroenteritis (RG) is even now one of the most common causes of death and morbidity. As a result, clinicians must be extremely vigilant in detecting the presence and severity of RG. The goal of this study was to identify predictors of RG severity by analyzing complete blood counts, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), mean platelet volume-to-platelet volume (MPV/P); platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR).Material and Method: Data were obtained retrospectively from medical records of 456 children diagnosed with RG and age-matched healthy children from University of Health and Sciences, Ankara Atatürk Sanatorium Training and Research Hospital between January 2019 and December 2021. The Vesikari Score was used to categorize disease severity as severe or mild. Variables’ prognostic effects on disease severity were equated across groups. Results: The study included 456 children with RG. Two hundred thirty two of them were severe; 126 males; median age: 1.24 (0.41-2.36 years), 224 of them non-severe; 126 males; median age 1.52 (1.01-2.84 years). The median length of hospitalization was 5 (4-7) days for the severe group and 2 (0-3) days for the non-severe group (p

To compare the course of the transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) values of early-term newborns with those of term newborns in the first month of life and to investigate whether early-term newborns have an increased risk of significant hyperbilirubinemia requiring treatment.A prospective, controlled cohort analysis.A tertiary level mother-child birth and health care center.Four hundred early-term (37 0/7 to 38 6/7 weeks) and 320 term (39 0/7 to 41 6/7 weeks) newborns born during a 27-month period.A total of six TcB measurements in a longitudinal manner were made in early-term and term newborns: the first two at 6 and 48 hours after birth and the next four on routine examination days (Days 4, 7, 15, and 30). Demographic characteristics, values of daily TcB measurements, number of newborns with significant hyperbilirubinemia, and risk of jaundice requiring treatment were compared between the two groups.All six TcB values were significantly greater in the early-term group than in the term group (p .001 for each). Early-term newborns had a statistically significant increased risk of jaundice requiring treatment compared to term newborns (risk ratio = 1.91; 95% confidence interval [1.23-2.96]; p = .0046). Results of the repeated-measures analysis of variance and post hoc adjusted multiple comparison analysis showed that TcB levels increased to and peaked at 96 hours after birth and then gradually decreased to baseline (first measurement) levels at 30 days after birth in each group.Early-term newborns should not be treated as full-term newborns because they have significantly higher TcB levels. These newborns should be closely monitored for pathologic jaundice because they have increased risk for significant hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy.

Bu yazıda indirekt hiperbilirubinemi tanısı ile tetkik edilen, etiyolojiye yönelik ilk incelemelerde Rh uygunsuzluğu ve direkt Coombs pozitifliği saptanan, ileri incelemelerde anne ile bebek arasında C minör kan grubu uygunsuzluğu ve bebekte anti C antikorlar pozitif saptanarak anti C minör kan grubu uygunsuzluğuna bağlı indirekt hiperbilirubinemi tanısı konan bir yenidoğan sunulmuştur. Eş zamanlı Rh uygunsuzluğu ve direkt Coombs pozitifliği ile beraber hafif-orta şiddette hiperbilirubinemi bulunan olgularda tanıda ilk akla gelen Rh uygunsuzluğundan ziyade minör kan grubu uygunsuzluğu gibi izoimmünizasyonun diğer nadir nedenlerinin araştırılmasının gerekliliği vurgulanmıştır.

BACKGROUND Although the relationship between umbilical cord clamping time and various parameters such as hemoglobin (Hb) levels, iron deficiency, and risk of neonatal jaundice has previously been studied, to the best of our knowleadge there have been no studies investigating the relationship between cord clamping time and the risk of significant hyperbilirubinemia. We aimed to investigate the relationship between the time of umbilical cord clamping and transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) measurements made on various postnatal hours, Hb and serum total bilirubin (STB) levels measured on postnatal 4th day, and the risk of development of significant hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy treatment. METHODS Eligible newborns were divided into two groups on the basis of the time of cord clamping: those clamped late (60 seconds or more; Group I) and those clamped early (less than 60 seconds; Group II). Groups were compared with respect to the parameters of cord Hb, postnatal TcB measurements at 6th, 48th, 96th and 168th hours, and 96th hour Hb, STB and direct bilirubin levels. RESULTS TcB levels at the 96th and 168th hour were significantly higher in Group I when compared to Group II (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). The 96th hour STB level was significantly higher in Group I when compared to Group II (p < 0.001). The need of phototherapy requirement was higher in Group I when compared to Group II (p=0.001). Increase in cord blood Hb for each 1 gr/dl caused a 3.94-fold increased risk in the requirement of phototherapy treatment. Cord clamping time showed statistically significant positive correlations with both cord blood and 96th hour venous Hb levels, with both 96th hour and 168th hour TcB levels, and with 96th hour STB levels. CONCLUSIONS Newborns whose cords are clamped late should be followed up closely with respect to high postnatal bilirubin levels and other risks associated with significant hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy treatment.

Beken, Serdar/0000-0002-8609-2684; BAS, AHMET YAGMUR/0000-0002-1329-2167; Bulbul, Ali/0000-0002-3510-3056; Karatekin, Guner/0000-0001-7112-0323, WOS: 000534242500056, PubMed: 31851725, Objective To investigate the early neonatal outcomes of very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants discharged home from neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in Turkey. Material and methods A prospective cohort study was performed between April 1, 2016 and April 30, 2017. the study included VLBW infants admitted to level III NICUs. Perinatal and neonatal data of all infants born with a birth weight of.1500 g were collected for infants who survived. Results Data from 69 NICUs were obtained. the mean birth weight and gestational age were 1137 +/- 245 g and 29 +/- 2.4 weeks, respectively. During the study period, 78% of VLBW infants survived to discharge and 48% of survived infants had no major neonatal morbidity. VLBW infants who survived were evaluated in terms of major morbidities: bronchopulmonary dysplasia was detected in 23.7% of infants, necrotizing enterocolitis in 9.1%, blood culture proven late-onset sepsis (LOS) in 21.1%, blood culture negative LOS in 21.3%, severe intraventricular hemorrhage in 5.4% and severe retinopathy of prematurity in 11.1%. Hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus was diagnosed in 24.8% of infants. Antenatal steroids were administered to 42.9% of mothers. Conclusion the present investigation is the first multicenter study to include epidemiological information on VLBW infants in Turkey. Morbidity rate in VLBW infants is a serious concern and higher than those in developed countries. Implementation of oxygen therapy with appropriate monitoring, better antenatal and neonatal care and control of sepsis may reduce the prevalence of neonatal morbidities. Therefore, monitoring standards of neonatal care and implementing quality improvement projects across the country are essential for improving neonatal outcomes in Turkish NICUs., Turkish Neonatal Society [2-2016]; Turkish Neonatal Society, This study was supported by the Turkish Neonatal Society, http://www.neonatology.org.tr, number 2-2016, received by AYB. Turkish Neonatal Society funded the study's online registry system. the funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

Splenic hematoma is an exceptionally rare event in newborn period that usually occurs in concomitant birth trauma and bleeding disorder. This report presents a newborn case with severe hemophilia A, who had a splenic hematoma presented on the second day of life with severe anemia, abdominal distention, abdominal and scrotal ecchymosis. The patient was successfully treated medically with factor VIII concentrates without splenectomy. Molecular analysis of the factor VIII gene revealed a hemizygous deletion in exon 13.

Background Health care programs for children with Down syndrome (DS) help improve the overall outcome and quality of life of these children. It is therefore very important to focus on the most common and serious problems of these patients, such as congenital heart defects and cardiac problems, and to keep medical guidelines updated with regard to these problems. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate aortic intima-media thickness (aIMT), lipid profiles and blood pressure in DS patients in comparison with a control group of ageand gender-matched neonates without DS. Material and methods Serum concentrations of lipids (total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride), blood pressure and abdominal aIMT were measured in newborns with DS, and compared with the measurements from ageand gender-matched newborns without DS. Results No statistically significant differences between the 2 groups of newborns were detected with respect to aIMT, lipid levels or blood pressure. Conclusions This study represents the first investigation of aIMT - one of the most important indicators of atherosclerosis - in DS patients, but neither a significantly increased aIMT, nor any significant changes in lipid profiles or blood pressure were detected in this group of patients. Whether aIMT differs according to the type of congenital heart defect (such as atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, and atrioventricular septal defect) among DS patients remains to be determined in future studies.

Background and purpose: Etiologic role, incidence, demographic, and response-to-treatment characteristics of urinary tract infection (UTI) among neonates, its relationship with significant neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, and abnormalities of the urinary system were studied in a prospective investigation in early (≤10 days) idiopathic neonatal jaundice in which all other etiologic factors of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia were ruled out. Patients and methods: Urine samples for microscopic and bacteriologic examination were obtained with bladder catheterization from 155 newborns with early neonatal jaundice. Newborns with a negative urine culture and with a positive urine culture were defined as group I and group II, respectively, and the 2 groups were compared with each other. Results: The incidence of UTI in whole of the study group was 16.7%. Serum total and direct bilirubin levels were statistically significantly higher in group II when compared with group I ( P = .005 and P = .001, respectively). Decrease in serum total bilirubin level at the 24th hour of phototherapy was statistically significantly higher in group I compared with group II ( P = .022). Conclusions: Urinary tract infection should be investigated in the etiologic evaluation of newborns with significant hyperbilirubinemia. The possibility of UTI should be considered in jaundiced newborns who do not respond to phototherapy well or have a prolonged duration of phototherapy treatment.

Sirenomelia or the Mermaid syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly with an incidence of one in 60,000 to 70,000 pregnancies. Sirenomelia is characterized by complete fusion of the lower limbs, commonly associated with renal agenesis, absent external genitalia and other gastrointestinal defects. A 37-week, 3040-g infant was born to a 35-year-old multigravida mother with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia. To our knowledge, this is the first case of sirenomelia with adrenalomegaly.

Introduction: Adiponectin has important anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic effects. Although adiponectin and atherosclerosis correlate inversely in children and adults, we have little information regarding this relationship in neonates. Methods: We measured cord blood adiponectin levels and abdominal aortic intima media thickness (aIMT) in 80 healthy, term neonates and investigated the relationship between adiponectin and total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride, and their relationships to infant anthropometry and gender. Results: Mean birth weight, length, head circumference and aIMT values for male neonates were statistically significantly higher than those for female neonates. Adiponectin levels were not significantly different with respect to gender. In correlation analysis, the mean adiponectin level correlated positively with TC, HDL-C and LDL-C levels and birth weight, length and head circumference. There was no significant correlation between aIMT and any other parameters. Conclusion: The cord blood adiponectin and aIMT values reported here for the first time, represent reference values in the early neonatal period. The positive correlations between adiponectin levels and birth weight, length and head circumference, and TC, HDL-C and LDL-C indicate that further studies are required to demonstrate the exact relationship and clinical importance of adiponectin metabolism during the neonatal period.

Background/Aims: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in neonates is associated with lipid alterations that might be a risk factor for early cardiovascular disease in adult life. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of CH on lipid metabolism and aortic intima media thickness (aIMT) as a unique finding of the increased risk of atherogenic risk in neonatal age. Methods: The study group consisted of 15 newborns with CH who were identified by neonatal mass screening (patient group), and 25 healthy newborns (control group). Serum lipid profiles and aIMT obtained from abdominal aorta were measured in all subjects. Results: The mean aIMT were higher in the patient group (0.46 +/- 0.062 mm) compared with the control group (0.34 +/- 0.035 mm; p = 0.006). The weight-adjusted aIMT of patients (0.13 +/- 0.017 mm/kg) was also significantly greater than that of the controls (0.10 +/- 0.019 mm/kg; p < 0.001). Total serum cholesterol levels were significantly higher in patients than those in healthy controls (130.80 +/- 44.46 vs. 99.96 +/- 18.87 mg/dl). The other lipid levels including triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels of the patients were slightly higher than those of the controls, without statistical significance. Conclusion: Neonates with CH have significantly higher aIMT with lipid alterations. Hypothyroidism might increase the risk of early atherosclerosis even in the neonatal period. Copyright (C) 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel, Abstract Background/Aims: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in neonates is associated with lipid alterations that might be a risk factor for early cardiovascular disease in adult life. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of CH on lipid metabolism and aortic intima media thickness (aIMT) as a unique finding of the increased risk of atherogenic risk in neonatal age. Methods: The study group consisted of 15 newborns with CH who were identified by neonatal mass screening (patient group), and 25 healthy newborns (control group). Serum lipid profiles and aIMT obtained from abdominal aorta were measured in all subjects. Results: The mean aIMT were higher in the patient group (0.46 ± 0.062 mm) compared with the control group (0.34 ± 0.035 mm; p = 0.006). The weight-adjusted aIMT of patients (0.13 ± 0.017 mm/kg) was also significantly greater than that of the controls (0.10 ± 0.019 mm/kg; p < 0.001). Total serum cholesterol levels were significantly higher in patients than those in healthy controls (130.80 ± 44.46 vs. 99.96 ± 18.87 mg/dl). The other lipid levels including triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels of the patients were slightly higher than those of the controls, without statistical significance. Conclusion: Neonates with CH have significantly higher aIMT with lipid alterations. Hypothyroidism might increase the risk of early atherosclerosis even in the neonatal period. Copyright © 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel. &nbsp

Aim: Based on a maternal observation, we aimed to evaluate the treatment effectiveness of guaiazulene (GA) containing local pomade in the high-risk neonates with recalcitrant diaper dermatitis (RDD). Methods: We included 30 NICU patients of RDD, with level II-III aged between 22 and 67 days. Study group patients (n = 20) were treated with GA containing local pomade (0.05 g/100 g). Control group consisted of patients who had extended antifungal treatment. A visual scale was used to assess the response to treatment at the end of a week. Scoring was done at the beginning of the treatment, on the first, third and seventh days. Results: Statistically significant differences in visual scores were determined between the two groups at the initial and following days of the treatment. In study group, improvements at the first and third days of the treatment were better than those of control group. Additionally, complete recovery rate in study group was better than that in controls. Conclusion: Having beneficial but no adverse effects, GA containing local pomade provided rapid recovery in risky neonates with RDD, who required rapid improvement.

Background The parameters of oxidative stress [advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), malondialdehyde (MDA), and S100B] and the effect of intensive phototherapy (PT) on these parameters have not been studied extensively in newborns with significant hyperbilirubinemia (SH). We aimed to measure the levels of MDA, S100B, and AOPPs in newborns with SH, and to compare newborns with healthy control newborns without hyperbilirubinemia on the basis of these parameters of oxidative stress. In addition, we investigated the effect of intensive PT on these parameters during the treatment of SH and report our findings for the first time in the literature. Methods The study was performed in newborns ( n = 62) who underwent intensive PT because of SH. Newborns without jaundice constituted the control group ( n = 30). Both groups were compared with respect to demographic characteristics and biochemical (laboratory) parameters including MDA, AOPPs, and S100B. MDA, AOPPs, and S100B were also compared before and after intensive PT in the PT group. In the study group, a correlation analysis of demographic characteristics; MDA, AOPP, and S100B values; and changes occurring in MDA, AOPPs, and S100B values due to the effect of intensive PT was performed. Results Serum total bilirubin, S100B, and MDA levels in the PT group before performing PT were significantly higher than those in the control group. In newborns receiving PT serum total bilirubin, MDA and AOPP levels decreased significantly after intensive PT. In correlation analysis, a statistically significant negative correlation was found only between the amount of bilirubin decrease with PT and AOPP levels after PT in the study group. Conclusion Whether the significant decrease in MDA levels, which was higher prior to PT, is due to the decrease in serum bilirubin levels or due to the effect of intensive PT itself remains to be determined in further studies. The decrease in AOPP levels after PT implies that intensive PT has protective effects on oxidative stress.

OZET Stridor uyarici, yasami tehdit eden, acil ve tam bir fizik muayene gerektiren bir klinik bulgudur. Tedavisi altta yatan patolojiye gore degisir. Vokal kord paralizisi yenidoganda stridor sebepleri arasinda ikinci siklikta yer alir. On iki gunluk bir yenidogan oksuruk, solunum sikintisi ve stridor sikayetleri ile getirildi ve bu sikayetler destek tedavisine cevap vermedi. Direkt laringoskopide larinkste siddetli odem, vaskularizasyon ve bilateral vokal kord paralizisi saptandi. Trakeostomi tupu yerlestirildi. Hasta gurultulu nefes alip veriyordu fakat beslenme ve diger aktiviteleri normale dondu. Stridor saptanan bir yenidoganda vokal kord paralizi olabilecegi dusunulmelidir. Anahtar kelimeler: Yenidogan, stridor, vokal kord paralizisi

Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn (ScFN) is an uncommon condition caused by generalized and/or local tissue hypoperfusion. The skin lesions of ScFN tend to improve spontaneously. However, ScFN may also lead to complications which cause serious problems. The severity of the etiologic factors contributing to the development of the disease determines the severity of complications. Therefore, these patients should be closely monitored for complications, especially for hypercalcemia which may be life-threatening. The severity and duration of hypercalcemia are associated with the extensity of skin lesions. We present a newborn who developed ScFN as a result of systemic hypotension. The ScFN resolved after the first few weeks of life, but the patient developed mild hypercalcemia during the 4-month follow-up period. The infant was breast-fed during follow-up, and vitamin D prophylaxis was not initiated. The hypercalcemia resolved within four months without any complications. We would like to draw attention to the need to monitor serum calcium levels in these infants and to refrain from initiating vitamin D prophylaxis in the first months of life. Conflict of interest:None declared.

During pregnancy, steroids are usually used in maternal diseases such as adrenal failure or other autoimmune diseases, e.g. idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), Crohn’s disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, scleroderma, Addison’s disease and hyperemesis gravidarum, HELLP syndrome. Endogenous or exogenous maternal steroids are metabolized by the placental enzyme 11 beta-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase type 2. Prednisolone and methylprednisolone are highly sensitive to this enzyme, while dexamethasone and betamethasone are less well metabolized. Steroids which can cross the placental barrier are administered in cases like fetal lupus, congenital adrenal hyperplasia and for enhancement of fetal lung maturation, whereas steroids used in maternal diseases are usually the ones with low affinity to the placenta; however, in case of long-term use or in high doses, placental enzyme saturation occurs and thus, resulting in fetal adrenal suppression. Antenatal steroids can lead to low birth weight, as observed in our patient. Here, we report a case with fetal adrenal suppression due to maternal methylprednisolone use presenting with early hypoglycaemia and late hyponatremia in neonatal period and requiring three-month replacement therapy. Conflict of interest:None declared.

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most important gastrointestinal emergency in the neonatal period and early detection is very important for its management. Bowel ischemia-hypoperfusion is one of the main etiological factors. In the literature, a few studies have focused on arterial Doppler ultrasonography (DUS) features of splanchnic arteries; however, their clinical implications are not clear.In this study, we aimed to quantitatively evaluate the blood flow features in the hepatic portal vein (PV) and hepatic veins (HVs) by using DUS in newborns with NEC. Patient-Method: Enrolled subjects were divided into two groups as patient (suspected/confirmed NEC, n = 24), and control group (n = 25). Daily serial DUS examinations were performed after the onset of the suspicion of NEC and continued until the initial day of the enteral feeding. Portal blood flow (PBF) and "hepatic blood flow ratio" (RHBF) were calculated manually by using DUS findings. Two groups were compared with respect to their PBF and RoHBF values.PBF and RHBF levels were significantly lower in patient group than those in control group. Clinical improvement in patients with NEC was associated with improvement in the PBF and RHBF. Cut-off level of the RHBF for the diagnosis of NEC was 0.66.DUS seems to be useful for the diagnosis and follow-up of NEC by providing quantitative information on liver blood flow. Daily measurements of the PBF and RoHBF in newborns with NEC may be beneficial to make the decision of starting enteral feeding.

Benzalkonyum klorür antiseptik ve dezenfektan özellikte bir kuaterner amonyum bileşiği olup, gram (+) ve gram (-) bakterilere karşı bakterisit etki gösterir. Cilt antiseptiği ve genel dezenfektan olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu olgu sunumunda tetkik ve tedavi amaçlı takip edilen iki hastada idrar tetkiki öncesi cilt antiseptiği olarak uygun olmayan konsantrasyonda kullanılan benzalkonyum klorüre (zefiran™) bağlı gelişen genital bölge yanığına sahip 2 yenidoğan olgusunu sunmayı amaçladık., Benzalkonium chloride is a chemical compound belonging to the quaternary ammonium group that is used as a skin antiseptic or spray disinfectant for surface sanitisation. It has bactericidal action against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Here we report two newborn cases in whom a chemical burn injury occurred in the genital region due to local application of benzalkonium chloride (zefiran™) prepared in an inappropriate concentration for the purpose of antisepsis before placing a collecting urinary bag.

There are close interactions among the developing oral cavity, pituitary gland, and central nervous system (CNS) in early embryonic life. In this study we aimed to screen endocrine abnormalities in patients with orofacial clefts in the neonatal period. Materials and methods: Thirty-one patients with isolated orofacial median clefts were included in the study. Pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal hormones were measured at the first week and remeasured in the third or fourth weeks. Imaging studies were done for detection of CNS anomalies in all patients. Results: Endocrine abnormality was detected in 22 (70.9%) patients. The number of patients with single and multiple endocrine abnormalities were 13 (41.9%) and 9 (29%), respectively. Thyroid hormone-related disorders were detected in 10 (32.3%) patients. Growth hormone deficiency was detected in 4 (12.9%) patients. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone and/or glucocorticoid deficiency was detected in 5 (16.1%) patients. Neonatal hypoglycemia due to endocrinological abnormalities was detected in 6 (19.4%) patients. Defected mini-puberty was seen in 2 (15.4%) patients. There was no relationship between the types of orofacial cleft and endocrine abnormalities. Conclusion: Endocrinological evaluation of the patients with orofacial clefts in the neonatal period is a worthwhile endeavor to detect hormone deficiencies regardless of the type of the cleft.

Iodine deficiency is the most devastating event in developing brain in the fetus and neonate. Iodine is absolutely necessary on the myelination, neuronal differentiation, and formation of neural processes, synaptogenesis, and neuronal migration by thyroidal hormones throughout pregnancy and shortly after birth. Neural tube defects (NTD) form after third and fourth gestational weeks and their etiologies are multifactorial.We herein present a male newborn with iodine deficiency and thoracic neuroenteric cyst bound to a myelomeningocele via a pedinculi. We hypothesize that iodine deficiency may be a cause of NTD, and iodine supplementation in preconception and pregnancy may prevent NTD.

Background We aimed to evaluate thyroid functions and volumes and detect abnormalities in 80 neonates with Down syndrome. Methods Data about free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, thyroid stimulating hormone, thyroglobulin and urinary iodine levels, and ultrasonographic thyroid volume were collected. Results Abnormal thyroid function tests were detected in 53.8% of the patients (n = 50) and these were hyperthyrotropinemia, hypothyroidism, iodine deficiency and iodine overload in 32, 2, 12 and 4 patients, respectively. Thyroid volumes were assessed in 36 patients and a total of 17 abnormalities were detected (7 hypoplasia, 3 agenesis and 7 goiter). In patients with hyperthyrotropinemia mean thyroid volume was significantly greater and mean TSH was significantly higher when compared to the patients without hyperthyrotropinemia. Conclusion Neonatal screening by thyroid function tests in Down syndrome should be performed to prevent further intellectual deterioration and improve overall development. In the neonatal period, the risk of hyperthyrotropinemia should be kept in mind.

Hemangioblastomas (HBLs) comprise approximately 2 % of all primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Although histological features of this rare tumor are generally benign, its outcome is often unfavorable due to high risk of recurrence and multifocal localization. HBLs can be detected as sporadic or associated with Von Hippel-Lindau disease. Diffuse neonatal hemangiomatosis (DNH) presents with multiple, progressive, rapidly growing cutaneous hemangiomas associated with widespread visceral hemangiomas in the liver, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, brain, and meninges. DNH with predominant CNS involvement is rarely reported. Herein, we present a neonatal case of cerebellar HBL associated with DNH., INTRODUCTION: Hemangioblastomas (HBLs) comprise approximately 2% of all primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Although histological features of this rare tumor are generally benign, its outcome is often unfavorable due to high risk of recurrence and multifocal localization. HBLs can be detected as sporadic or associated with Von Hippel-Lindau disease. Diffuse neonatal hemangiomatosis (DNH) presents with multiple, progressive, rapidly growing cutaneous hemangiomas associated with widespread visceral hemangiomas in the liver, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, brain, and meninges. DNH with predominant CNS involvement is rarely reported. Herein, we present a neonatal case of cerebellar HBL associated with DNH.CASE REPORT: A 5-day-old male baby was referred with complaints of multiple cutaneous lesions. Purple papules were noted on the trunk, extremities, and the head. Thoracic magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated multiple hyperintense lesions on the chest wall and apex of the right lung. On MRI, a 3×2-cm mass lesion in the right cerebellar hemisphere was detected. Total resection of the mass and ventriculoperitoneal shunting was performed. Histopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of HBL. Steroid therapy was administered for disseminated hemangiomatosis, and the lesions showed regression; the patient showed good clinical recovery. The parents refused further treatment, and he was out of our control when he was 9 months old.CONCLUSION: According to our knowledge, the presented newborn is the second case of cerebellar HBL associated with diffuse skin and visceral hemangiomas in the English medical literature. Clinicians must be vigilant about the predictive value of visceral and/or cutaneous hemangioma for an associated intracranial HBL.PMID:22820755

Mucormycosis of the intestine is a rare fungal infection of childhood and is mostly encountered in neonates. It is a potentially lethal opportunistic fungal infection with rapid progression and high mortality in immunocompromised patients. The number of reported cases with intestinal mucormycosis is 19 to date. We herein report an asphyxiated preterm infant with intestinal mucormycosis who was presented with an atypical necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), with findings similar to an intraabdominal mass. The diagnosis was made in the postmortem examination of the surgically removed bowel segment. Prematurity and asphyxia are important risk factors for mucormycosis. We suggest that the diagnosis of gastrointestinal mucormycosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of atypical NEC cases.

Seckel syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, and its characteristic features include prenatal and postnatal growth retardation, microcephaly, and "bird-like" face with prominent, beak-like nose and micrognathia. Additional abnormalities were described in the cardiovascular, hematopoietic, endocrine, and central nervous systems. We present the magnetic resonance imaging findings of a neonate with Seckel syndrome accompanied by semilobar holoprosencephaly and arthrogryposis. Major brain malformations may be associated with Seckel syndrome. Imaging studies should be performed to determine any central nervous system abnormalities. Considering the basic defect of neuroblast proliferation in Seckel syndrome, neuronal migration disorders should be sought in these patients. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

We report a newborn with asymmetric crying face and other anomalies whose mother had taken isotretinoin during the first month of pregnancy. We hypothesize that asymmetric crying face is a finding of retinoic acid embryopathy and results from the intrauterine effects of retinoic acid on the development of the depressor anguli oris muscle or the mandibular branch of the facial nerve.