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1. HighNESS Conceptual Design Report: Volume I

Author: Santoro, V., Kheir, O. Abou El, Acharya, D., Akhyani, M., Andersen, K. H., Barrow, J., Bentley, P., Bernasconi, M., Bertelsen, M., Bessler, Y., Bianchi, A., Brooijmans, G., Broussard, L., Brys, T., Busi, M., Campi, D., Chambon, A., Chen, J., Czamler, V., Deen, P., DiJulio, D. D., Dian, E., Draskovits, L., Dunne, K., Barbari, M. El, Ferreira, M. J., Fierlinger, P., Fröst, V. T., Folsom, B. T., Friman-Gayer, U., Gaye, A., Gorini, G., Gustafsson, A., Gutberlet, T., Happe, C., Han, X., Hartl, M., Holl, M., Jackson, A., Kemp, E., Kamyshkov, Y., Kittelmann, T., Klinkby, E. B., Kolevatov, R., Laporte, S. I., Lauritzen, B., Lejon, W., Linander, R., Lindroos, M., Marko, M., Damián, J. I. Márquez, McClanahan, T. C., Meirose, B., Mezei, F., Michel, K., Milstead, D., Muhrer, G., Nepomuceno, A., Neshvizhevsky, V., Nilsson, T., Odén, U., Plivelic, T., Ramic, K., Rataj, B., Remec, I., Rizzi, N., Rogers, J., Rosenthal, E., Rosta, L., Rücker, U., Samothrakitis, S., Schreyer, A., Selknaes, J. R., Shuai, H., Silverstein, S., Snow, W. M., Strobl, M., Strothmann, M., Takibayev, A., Wagner, R., Willendrup, P., Xu, S., Yiu, S. C., Yngwe, L., Young, A. R., Wolke, M., Zakalek, P., Zavorka, L., Zanini, L., and Zimmer, O.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The European Spallation Source, currently under construction in Lund, Sweden, is a multidisciplinary international laboratory. Once completed to full specifications, it will operate the world's most powerful pulsed neutron source. Supported by a 3 million Euro Research and Innovation Action within the EU Horizon 2020 program, a design study (HighNESS) has been completed to develop a second neutron source located below the spallation target. Compared to the first source, designed for high cold and thermal brightness, the new source has been optimized to deliver higher intensity, and a shift to longer wavelengths in the spectral regions of cold (CN, 2--20\,\AA), very cold (VCN, 10--120\,\AA), and ultracold (UCN, ${>}\,{500}$\,\AA) neutrons. The second source comprises a large liquid deuterium moderator designed to produce CN and support secondary VCN and UCN sources. Various options have been explored in the proposed designs, aiming for world-leading performance in neutronics. These designs will enable the development of several new instrument concepts and facilitate the implementation of a high-sensitivity neutron-antineutron oscillation experiment (NNBAR). This document serves as the Conceptual Design Report for the HighNESS project, representing its final deliverable., Comment: 269 pages, 255 figures. Volume I of the final deliverable of the HighNESS Project (HORIZON 2020 grant agreement ID: 951782)
Published: 2023
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2. Measurements of the neutron absorption in supermirror coatings

Author: DiJulio, D. D., Santoro, V., Devishvili, A., Khaplanov, A., Kolevatov, R., Magán, M., Miller, T. M., and Muhrer, G.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: In this work we report on measurements of neutron absorption in supermirror coatings. The measurements were carried out using the SuperADAM instrument at the Institut Laue-Langevin and by measuring the gamma-ray production from m = 3 and m = 4 neutron supermirrors when illuminated by a beam of neutrons. The results provide a valuable validation for recent computational and theoretical work that can be used as input to Monte-Carlo radiation transport calculations for the design of the shielding of neutron scattering instruments.
Published: 2021
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3. A Computing and Detector Simulation Framework for the HIBEAM/NNBAR Experimental Program at the ESS

Author: Barrow, J., Brooijmans, G., Damian, J. I. M., DiJulio, D., Dunne, K., Frost, M., Golubeva, E., Kamyshkov, Y., Kittelmann, T., Klinkby, E., Kókai, Z., Makkinje, J., Meirose, B., Milstead, D., Nepomuceno, A., Oskarsson, A., Ramic, K., Rizzi, N., Santoro, V., Silverstein, S., Takibayev, A., Wagner, R., Yiu, S-C., Zanini, L., and Zimmer, O.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The HIBEAM/NNBAR program is a proposed two-stage experiment at the European Spallation Source focusing on searches for baryon number violation via processes in which neutrons convert to antineutrons. This paper outlines the computing and detector simulation framework for the HIBEAM/NNBAR program. The simulation is based on predictions of neutron flux and neutronics together with signal and background generation. A range of diverse simulation packages are incorporated, including Monte Carlo transport codes, neutron ray-tracing simulation packages, and detector simulation software. The common simulation package in which these elements are interfaced together is discussed. Data management plans and triggers are also described., Comment: Contribution to CHEP2021. Accepted for publication in the European Physical Journal (EPJ) Web of Conferences
Published: 2021
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4. Development of High Intensity Neutron Source at the European Spallation Source

Author: Santoro, V., Andersen, K. H., DiJulio, D. D., Klinkby, E. B., Miller, T. M., Milstead, D., Muhrer, G., Stroble, M., Takibayev, A., Zanini, L., and Zimmer, O.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The European Spallation Source being constructed in Lund, Sweden will provide the user community with a neutron source of unprecedented brightness. By 2025, a suite of 15 instruments will be served by a high-brightness moderator system placed above the spallation target. The ESS infrastructure, consisting of the proton linac, the target station, and the instrument halls, allows for implementation of a second source below the spallation target. We propose to develop a second neutron source with a high-intensity moderator able to (1) deliver a larger total cold neutron flux, (2) provide high intensities at longer wavelengths in the spectral regions of Cold (4-10 \AA ), Very Cold (10-40 \AA ), and Ultra Cold (several 100 \AA ) neutrons, as opposed to Thermal and Cold neutrons delivered by the top moderator. Offering both unprecedented brilliance, flux, and spectral range in a single facility, this upgrade will make ESS the most versatile neutron source in the world and will further strengthen the leadership of Europe in neutron science. The new source will boost several areas of condensed matter research such as imaging and spin-echo, and will provide outstanding opportunities in fundamental physics investigations of the laws of nature at a precision unattainable anywhere else. At the heart of the proposed system is a volumetric liquid deuterium moderator. Based on proven technology, its performance will be optimized in a detailed engineering study. This moderator will be complemented by secondary sources to provide intense beams of Very- and Ultra-Cold Neutrons., Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, proceeding of the 23rd meeting of the International Collaboration on Advanced Neutron Sources (ICANS XXIII) 13th - 18th October 2019 in Chattanooga, Tennessee
Published: 2020

5. Population-based metaheuristic optimization in neutron optics and shielding design

Author: DiJulio, D. D., Björgvinsdóttir, H., Zendler, C., and Bentley, P. M.
Subjects: Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract: Population-based metaheuristic algorithms are powerful tools in the design of neutron scattering instruments and the use of these types of algorithms for this purpose is becoming more and more commonplace. Today there exists a wide range of algorithms to choose from when designing an instrument and it is not always initially clear which may provide the best performance. Furthermore, due to the nature of these types of algorithms, the final solution found for a specific design scenario cannot always be guaranteed to be the global optimum. Therefore, to explore the potential benefits and differences between the varieties of these algorithms available, when applied to such design scenarios, we have carried out a detailed study of some commonly used algorithms. For this purpose, we have developed a new general optimization software package which combines a number of common metaheuristic algorithms within a single user interface and is designed specifically with neutronic calculations in mind. The algorithms included in the software are implementations of Particle-Swarm Optimization (PSO), Differential Evolution (DE), Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), and a Genetic Algorithm (GA). The software has been used to optimize the design of several problems in neutron optics and shielding, coupled with Monte-Carlo simulations, in order to evaluate the performance of the various algorithms. Generally, the performance of the algorithms depended on the specific scenarios, however it was found that DE provided the best average solutions in all scenarios investigated in this work., Comment: This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Published: 2019
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6. HighNESS conceptual design report: Volume II. the NNBAR experiment

Author: Santoro, V, Abou El Kheir, O, Acharya, D, Akhyani, M, Andersen, K, Barrow, J, Bentley, P, Bernasconi, M, Bertelsen, M, Beßler, Y, Bianchi, A, Brooijmans, G, Broussard, L, Brys, T, Busi, M, Campi, D, Chambon, A, Chen, J, Czamler, V, Deen, P, Dijulio, D, Dian, E, Draskovits, L, Dunne, K, El Barbari, M, Ferreira, M, Fierlinger, P, Fröst, V, Folsom, B, Friman-Gayer, U, Gaye, A, Gorini, G, Gustafsson, A, Gutberlet, T, Happe, C, Han, X, Hartl, M, Holl, M, Jackson, A, Kemp, E, Kamyshkov, Y, Kittelmann, T, Klinkby, E, Kolevatov, R, Laporte, S, Lauritzen, B, Lejon, W, Linander, R, Lindroos, M, Marko, M, Márquez Damián, J, Mcclanahan, T, Meirose, B, Mezei, F, Michel, K, Milstead, D, Muhrer, G, Nepomuceno, A, Neshvizhevsky, V, Nilsson, T, Odén, U, Plivelic, T, Ramic, K, Rataj, B, Remec, I, Rizzi, N, Rogers, J, Rosenthal, E, Rosta, L, Rücker, U, Samothrakitis, S, Schreyer, A, Selknaes, J, Shuai, H, Silverstein, S, Snow, W, Strobl, M, Strothmann, M, Takibayev, A, Wagner, R, Willendrup, P, Xu, S, Yiu, S, Yngwe, L, Young, A, Wolke, M, Zakalek, P, Zavorka, L, Zanini, L, Zimmer, O, Santoro V., Abou El Kheir O., Acharya D., Akhyani M., Andersen K. H., Barrow J., Bentley P., Bernasconi M., Bertelsen M., Beßler Y., Bianchi A., Brooijmans G., Broussard L., Brys T., Busi M., Campi D., Chambon A., Chen J., Czamler V., Deen P., Dijulio D. D., Dian E., Draskovits L., Dunne K., El Barbari M., Ferreira M. J., Fierlinger P., Fröst V. T., Folsom B. T., Friman-Gayer U., Gaye A., Gorini G., Gustafsson A., Gutberlet T., Happe C., Han X., Hartl M., Holl M., Jackson A., Kemp E., Kamyshkov Y., Kittelmann T., Klinkby E. B., Kolevatov R., Laporte S. I., Lauritzen B., Lejon W., Linander R., Lindroos M., Marko M., Márquez Damián J. I., McClanahan T. C., Meirose B., Mezei F., Michel K., Milstead D., Muhrer G., Nepomuceno A., Neshvizhevsky V., Nilsson T., Odén U., Plivelic T., Ramic K., Rataj B., Remec I., Rizzi N., Rogers J., Rosenthal E., Rosta L., Rücker U., Samothrakitis S., Schreyer A., Selknaes J. R., Shuai H., Silverstein S., Snow W. M., Strobl M., Strothmann M., Takibayev A., Wagner R., Willendrup P., Xu S., Yiu S. C., Yngwe L., Young A. R., Wolke M., Zakalek P., Zavorka L., Zanini L., Zimmer O., Santoro, V, Abou El Kheir, O, Acharya, D, Akhyani, M, Andersen, K, Barrow, J, Bentley, P, Bernasconi, M, Bertelsen, M, Beßler, Y, Bianchi, A, Brooijmans, G, Broussard, L, Brys, T, Busi, M, Campi, D, Chambon, A, Chen, J, Czamler, V, Deen, P, Dijulio, D, Dian, E, Draskovits, L, Dunne, K, El Barbari, M, Ferreira, M, Fierlinger, P, Fröst, V, Folsom, B, Friman-Gayer, U, Gaye, A, Gorini, G, Gustafsson, A, Gutberlet, T, Happe, C, Han, X, Hartl, M, Holl, M, Jackson, A, Kemp, E, Kamyshkov, Y, Kittelmann, T, Klinkby, E, Kolevatov, R, Laporte, S, Lauritzen, B, Lejon, W, Linander, R, Lindroos, M, Marko, M, Márquez Damián, J, Mcclanahan, T, Meirose, B, Mezei, F, Michel, K, Milstead, D, Muhrer, G, Nepomuceno, A, Neshvizhevsky, V, Nilsson, T, Odén, U, Plivelic, T, Ramic, K, Rataj, B, Remec, I, Rizzi, N, Rogers, J, Rosenthal, E, Rosta, L, Rücker, U, Samothrakitis, S, Schreyer, A, Selknaes, J, Shuai, H, Silverstein, S, Snow, W, Strobl, M, Strothmann, M, Takibayev, A, Wagner, R, Willendrup, P, Xu, S, Yiu, S, Yngwe, L, Young, A, Wolke, M, Zakalek, P, Zavorka, L, Zanini, L, Zimmer, O, Santoro V., Abou El Kheir O., Acharya D., Akhyani M., Andersen K. H., Barrow J., Bentley P., Bernasconi M., Bertelsen M., Beßler Y., Bianchi A., Brooijmans G., Broussard L., Brys T., Busi M., Campi D., Chambon A., Chen J., Czamler V., Deen P., Dijulio D. D., Dian E., Draskovits L., Dunne K., El Barbari M., Ferreira M. J., Fierlinger P., Fröst V. T., Folsom B. T., Friman-Gayer U., Gaye A., Gorini G., Gustafsson A., Gutberlet T., Happe C., Han X., Hartl M., Holl M., Jackson A., Kemp E., Kamyshkov Y., Kittelmann T., Klinkby E. B., Kolevatov R., Laporte S. I., Lauritzen B., Lejon W., Linander R., Lindroos M., Marko M., Márquez Damián J. I., McClanahan T. C., Meirose B., Mezei F., Michel K., Milstead D., Muhrer G., Nepomuceno A., Neshvizhevsky V., Nilsson T., Odén U., Plivelic T., Ramic K., Rataj B., Remec I., Rizzi N., Rogers J., Rosenthal E., Rosta L., Rücker U., Samothrakitis S., Schreyer A., Selknaes J. R., Shuai H., Silverstein S., Snow W. M., Strobl M., Strothmann M., Takibayev A., Wagner R., Willendrup P., Xu S., Yiu S. C., Yngwe L., Young A. R., Wolke M., Zakalek P., Zavorka L., Zanini L., and Zimmer O.
Abstract: A key aim of the HighNESS project for the European Spallation Source is to enable cutting-edge particle physics experiments. This volume presents a conceptual design report for the NNBAR experiment. NNBAR would exploit a new cold lower moderator to make the first search in over thirty years for free neutrons converting to anti-neutrons. The observation of such a baryon-number-violating signature would be of fundamental significance and tackle open questions in modern physics, including the origin of the matter-antimatter asymmetry. This report shows the design of the beamline, supermirror focusing system, magnetic and radiation shielding, and anti-neutron detector necessary for the experiment. A range of simulation programs are employed to quantify the performance of the experiment and show how background can be suppressed. For a search with full background suppression, a sensitivity improvement of three orders of magnitude is expected, as compared with the previous search. Civil engineering studies for the NNBAR beamline are also shown, as is a costing model for the experiment.
Published: 2024

7. Study of neutron shielding collimators for curved beamlines at the European Spallation Source

Author: Santoro, V., DiJulio, D. D., Ansell, S., Cherkashyna, N., Muhrer, G., and Bentley, P. M.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The European Spallation Source is being constructed in Lund, Sweden and is planned to be the world's brightest pulsed spallation neutron source for cold and thermal neutron beams ($\le$ 1 eV). The facility uses a 2 GeV proton beam to produce neutrons from a tungsten target. The neutrons are then moderated in a moderator assembly consisting of both liquid hydrogen and water compartments. Surrounding the moderator are 22 beamports, which view the moderator's outside surfaces. The beamports are connected to long neutron guides that transport the moderated neutrons to the sample position via reflections. As well as the desired moderated neutrons, fast neutrons coming directly from the target can find their way down the beamlines. These can create unwanted sources of background for the instruments. To mitigate such a kind of background, several instruments will use curved guides to lose direct line-of-sight (LoS) to the moderator and the target. In addition instruments can also use shielding collimators to reduce the amount of fast neutrons further traveling down the guide due to albedo reflections or streaming. Several different materials have been proposed for this purpose. We present the results of a study of different options for collimators and identify the optimal choices that balance cost, background and activation levels., Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures, Proceeding of the 4th International Workshop on Accelerator Radiation Induced Activation - ARIA'17, May 22-24, 2017 Lund, Sweden
Published: 2018
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8. The neutron tagging facility at Lund University

Author: Messi, F., Perrey, H., Fissum, K., Akkawi, M., Jebali, R. Al, Annand, J. R. M., Bentley, P., Boyd, L., Cooper-Jensen, C. P., DiJulio, D. D., Freita-Ramos, J., Hall-Wilton, R., Huusko, A., Ilves, T., Issa, F., Jalgén, A., Kanaki, K., Karnickis, E., Khaplanov, A., Koufigar, S., Maulerova, V., Mauri, G., Mauritzson, N., Pei, W., Piscitelli, F., Rofors, E., Scherzinger, J., Söderhielm, H., Söderström, D., and Stefanescu, I.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: Over the last decades, the field of thermal neutron detection has overwhelmingly employed He-3-based technologies. The He-3 crisis together with the forthcoming establishment of the European Spallation Source have necessitated the development of new technologies for neutron detection. Today, several promising He-3-free candidates are under detailed study and need to be validated. This validation process is in general long and expensive. The study of detector prototypes using neutron-emitting radioactive sources is a cost-effective solution, especially for preliminary investigations. That said, neutron-emitting sources have the general disadvantage of broad, structured, emitted-neutron energy ranges. Further, the emitted neutrons often compete with unwanted backgrounds of gamma-rays, alpha-particles, and fission-fragments. By blending experimental infrastructure such as shielding to provide particle beams with neutron-detection techniques such as tagging, disadvantages may be converted into advantages. In particular, a technique known as tagging involves exploiting the mixed-field generally associated with a neutron-emitting source to determine neutron time-of-flight and thus energy on an event-by-event basis. This allows for the definition of low-cost, precision neutron beams. The Source-Testing Facility, located at Lund University in Sweden and operated by the SONNIG Group of the Division of Nuclear Physics, was developed for just such low-cost studies. Precision tagged-neutron beams derived from radioactive sources are available around-the-clock for advanced detector diagnostic studies. Neutron measurements performed at the Source Testing Facility are thus cost-effective and have a very low barrier for entry. In this paper, we present an overview of the project., Comment: IAEA Technical Meeting on Modern Neutron Detection (F1-TM-55243)
Published: 2017

9. Measurements and Monte-Carlo simulations of the particle self-shielding effect of B4C grains in neutron shielding concrete

Author: DiJulio, D. D., Cooper-Jensen, C. P., Llamas-Jansa, I., Kazi, S., and Bentley, P. M.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: A combined measurement and Monte-Carlo simulation study was carried out in order to characterize the particle self-shielding effect of B4C grains in neutron shielding concrete. Several batches of a specialized neutron shielding concrete, with varying B4C grain sizes, were exposed to a 2 {\AA} neutron beam at the R2D2 test beamline at the Institute for Energy Technology located in Kjeller, Norway. The direct and scattered neutrons were detected with a neutron detector placed behind the concrete blocks and the results were compared to Geant4 simulations. The particle self-shielding effect was included in the Geant4 simulations by calculating effective neutron cross-sections during the Monte-Carlo simulation process. It is shown that this method well reproduces the measured results. Our results show that shielding calculations for low-energy neutrons using such materials would lead to an underestimate of the shielding required for a certain design scenario if the particle self-shielding effect is not included in the calculations., Comment: This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Published: 2017
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10. A Polyethylene-B4C based concrete for enhanced neutron shielding at neutron research facilities

Author: DiJulio, D. D., Cooper-Jensen, C. P., Perrey, H., Fissum, K., Rofors, E., Scherzinger, J., and Bentley, P. M.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: We present the development of a specialized concrete for neutron shielding at neutron research facilities, based on the addition of hydrogen atoms in the form of polyethylene and also B$_{4}$C for enhancing the neutron capture properties of the concrete. We show information on the mechanical properties of the concrete and the neutronics, in particular it's relevance to modern spallation neutron sources, such as the European Spallation Source (ESS), currently under construction in Lund, Sweden. The new concrete exhibits a 15% lower mass density, a compressible strength of 50% relative to a standard concrete and a significant increase in performance of shielding against MeV neutrons and lower energies. The concrete could find application at the ESS in for example common shielding components, individual beamline shielding and instrument caves. Initial neutronic tests of the concrete, carried out at Lund University, have also verified the performance in the MeV neutron energy range and the results are presented., Comment: This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Published: 2017
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11. HighNESS conceptual design report:Volume II. the NNBAR experiment.

Author: Santoro, V., Abou El Kheir, O., Acharya, D., Akhyani, M., Andersen, K. H., Barrow, J., Bentley, P., Bernasconi, M., Bertelsen, M., Beßler, Y., Bianchi, A., Brooijmans, G., Broussard, L., Brys, T., Busi, M., Campi, D., Chambon, A., Chen, J., Czamler, V., Deen, P., Dijulio, D. D., Dian, E., Draskovits, L., Dunne, K., El Barbari, M., Ferreira, M. J., Fierlinger, P., Fröst, V. T., Folsom, B. T., Friman-Gayer, U., Gaye, A., Gorini, G., Gustafsson, A., Gutberlet, T., Happe, C., Han, X., Hartl, M., Holl, M., Jackson, A., Kemp, E., Kamyshkov, Y., Kittelmann, T., Klinkby, E. B., Kolevatov, R., Laporte, S. I., Lauritzen, B., Lejon, W., Linander, R., Lindroos, M., Marko, M., Márquez Damián, J. I., McClanahan, T. C., Meirose, B., Mezei, F., Michel, K., Milstead, D., Muhrer, G., Nepomuceno, A., Neshvizhevsky, V., Nilsson, T., Odén, U., Plivelic, T., Ramic, K., Rataj, B., Remec, I., Rizzi, N., Rogers, J., Rosenthal, E., Rosta, L., Rücker, U., Samothrakitis, S., Schreyer, A., Selknaes, J. R., Shuai, H., Silverstein, S., Snow, W. M., Strobl, M., Strothmann, M., Takibayev, A., Wagner, R., Willendrup, P., Xu, S., Yiu, S. C., Yngwe, L., Young, A. R., Wolke, M., Zakalek, P., Zavorka, L., Zanini, L., Zimmer, O., Santoro, V., Abou El Kheir, O., Acharya, D., Akhyani, M., Andersen, K. H., Barrow, J., Bentley, P., Bernasconi, M., Bertelsen, M., Beßler, Y., Bianchi, A., Brooijmans, G., Broussard, L., Brys, T., Busi, M., Campi, D., Chambon, A., Chen, J., Czamler, V., Deen, P., Dijulio, D. D., Dian, E., Draskovits, L., Dunne, K., El Barbari, M., Ferreira, M. J., Fierlinger, P., Fröst, V. T., Folsom, B. T., Friman-Gayer, U., Gaye, A., Gorini, G., Gustafsson, A., Gutberlet, T., Happe, C., Han, X., Hartl, M., Holl, M., Jackson, A., Kemp, E., Kamyshkov, Y., Kittelmann, T., Klinkby, E. B., Kolevatov, R., Laporte, S. I., Lauritzen, B., Lejon, W., Linander, R., Lindroos, M., Marko, M., Márquez Damián, J. I., McClanahan, T. C., Meirose, B., Mezei, F., Michel, K., Milstead, D., Muhrer, G., Nepomuceno, A., Neshvizhevsky, V., Nilsson, T., Odén, U., Plivelic, T., Ramic, K., Rataj, B., Remec, I., Rizzi, N., Rogers, J., Rosenthal, E., Rosta, L., Rücker, U., Samothrakitis, S., Schreyer, A., Selknaes, J. R., Shuai, H., Silverstein, S., Snow, W. M., Strobl, M., Strothmann, M., Takibayev, A., Wagner, R., Willendrup, P., Xu, S., Yiu, S. C., Yngwe, L., Young, A. R., Wolke, M., Zakalek, P., Zavorka, L., Zanini, L., and Zimmer, O.
Abstract: A key aim of the HighNESS project for the European Spallation Source is to enable cutting-edge particle physics experiments. This volume presents a conceptual design report for the NNBAR experiment. NNBAR would exploit a new cold lower moderator to make the first search in over thirty years for free neutrons converting to anti-neutrons. The observation of such a baryon-number-violating signature would be of fundamental significance and tackle open questions in modern physics, including the origin of the matter-antimatter asymmetry. This report shows the design of the beamline, supermirror focusing system, magnetic and radiation shielding, and anti-neutron detector necessary for the experiment. A range of simulation programs are employed to quantify the performance of the experiment and show how background can be suppressed. For a search with full background suppression, a sensitivity improvement of three orders of magnitude is expected, as compared with the previous search. Civil engineering studies for the NNBAR beamline are also shown, as is a costing model for the experiment.
Published: 2024

12. In-Beam Background Suppression Shield

Author: Santoro, V., Cai, X. X., DiJulio, D. D., Ansell, S., and Bentley, P. M.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The long (3ms) proton pulse of the European Spallation Source (ESS) gives rise to unique and potentially high backgrounds for the instrument suite. In such a source an instrument capabilities will be limited by it's Signal to Noise (S/N) ratio. The instruments with a direct view of the moderator, which do not use a bender to help mitigate the fast neutron background, are the most challenging. For these beam lines we propose the innovative shielding of placing blocks of material directly into the guide system, which allow a minimum attenuation of the cold and thermal fluxes relative to the background suppression. This shielding configuration has been worked into a beam line model using Geant4. We study particularly the advantages of single crystal sapphire and silicon blocks ., Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, proceeding of NDS 2015, 4th International Workshop on Neutron Delivery Systems, 28 -30 September 2015, ILL Grenoble, France
Published: 2015

13. Low-energy Coulomb excitation of $^{62}$Fe and $^{62}$Mn following in-beam decay of $^{62}$Mn

Author: Gaffney, L. P., Van de Walle, J., Bastin, B., Bildstein, V., Blazhev, A., Bree, N., Cederkäll, J., Darby, I., De Witte, H., DiJulio, D., Diriken, J., Fedosseev, V. N., Fransen, Ch., Gernhäuser, R., Gustafsson, A., Hess, H., Huyse, M., Kesteloot, N., Kröll, Th., Lutter, R., Marsh, B. A., Reiter, P., Seidlitz, M., Van Duppen, P., Voulot, D., Warr, N., Wenander, F., Wimmer, K., and Wrzosek-Lipska, K.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Sub-barrier Coulomb-excitation was performed on a mixed beam of $^{62}$Mn and $^{62}$Fe, following in-trap $\beta^{-}$ decay of $^{62}$Mn at REX-ISOLDE, CERN. The trapping and charge breeding times were varied in order to alter the composition of the beam, which was measured by means of an ionisation chamber at the zero-angle position of the Miniball array. A new transition was observed at 418~keV, which has been tentatively associated to a $(2^{+},3^{+})\rightarrow1^{+}_{g.s.}$ transition. This fixes the relative positions of the $\beta$-decaying $4^{+}$ and $1^{+}$ states in $^{62}$Mn for the first time. Population of the $2^{+}_{1}$ state was observed in $^{62}$Fe and the cross-section determined by normalisation to the $^{109}$Ag target excitation, confirming the $B(E2)$ value measured in recoil-distance lifetime experiments., Comment: 9 pages, 10 figures
Published: 2015
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14. Collectivity in the light radon nuclei measured directly via Coulomb excitation

Author: Gaffney, L. P., Robinson, A. P., Jenkins, D. G., Andreyev, A. N., Bender, M., Blazhev, A., Bree, N., Bruyneel, B., Butler, P. A., Cocolios, T. E., Davinson, T., Deacon, A. N., De Witte, H., DiJulio, D., Diriken, J., Ekström, A., Fransen, Ch., Freeman, S. J., Geibel, K., Grahn, T., Hadinia, B., Hass, M., Heenen, P. -H., Hess, H., Huyse, M., Jakobsson, U., Kesteloot, N., Konki, J., Kröll, Th., Kumar, V., Ivanov, O., Martin-Haugh, S., Mücher, D., Orlandi, R., Pakarinen, J., Petts, A., Peura, P., Rahkila, P., Reiter, P., Scheck, M., Seidlitz, M., Singh, K., Smith, J. F., Van de Walle, J., Van Duppen, P., Voulot, D., Wadsworth, R., Warr, N., Wenander, F., Wimmer, K., Wrzosek-Lipska, K., and Zielińska, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Background: Shape coexistence in heavy nuclei poses a strong challenge to state-of-the-art nuclear models, where several competing shape minima are found close to the ground state. A classic region for investigating this phenomenon is in the region around $Z=82$ and the neutron mid-shell at $N=104$. Purpose: Evidence for shape coexistence has been inferred from $\alpha$-decay measurements, laser spectroscopy and in-beam measurements. While the latter allow the pattern of excited states and rotational band structures to be mapped out, a detailed understanding of shape coexistence can only come from measurements of electromagnetic matrix elements. Method: Secondary, radioactive ion beams of $^{202}$Rn and $^{204}$Rn were studied by means of low-energy Coulomb excitation at the REX-ISOLDE facility in CERN. Results: The electric-quadrupole ($E2$) matrix element connecting the ground state and first-excited $2^{+}_{1}$ state was extracted for both $^{202}$Rn and $^{204}$Rn, corresponding to ${B(E2;2^{+}_{1} \to 2^{+}_{1})=29^{+8}_{-8}}$ W.u. and $43^{+17}_{-12}$ W.u., respectively. Additionally, $E2$ matrix elements connecting the $2^{+}_{1}$ state with the $4^{+}_{1}$ and $2^{+}_{2}$ states were determined in $^{202}$Rn. No excited $0^{+}$ states were observed in the current data set, possibly due to a limited population of second-order processes at the currently-available beam energies. Conclusions: The results are discussed in terms of collectivity and the deformation of both nuclei studied is deduced to be weak, as expected from the low-lying level-energy schemes. Comparisons are also made to state-of-the-art beyond-mean-field model calculations and the magnitude of the transitional quadrupole moments are well reproduced., Comment: 12 pages, 14 figures
Published: 2015
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15. Nuclear astrophysics with radioactive ions at FAIR

Author: Reifarth, R., Altstadt, S., Göbel, K., Heftrich, T., Heil, M., Koloczek, A., Langer, C., Plag, R., Pohl, M., Sonnabend, K., Weigand, M., Adachi, T., Aksouh, F., Al-Khalili, J., AlGarawi, M., AlGhamdi, S., Alkhazov, G., Alkhomashi, N., Alvarez-Pol, H., Alvarez-Rodriguez, R., Andreev, V., Andrei, B., Atar, L., Aumann, T., Avdeichikov, V., Bacri, C., Bagchi, S., Barbieri, C., Beceiro, S., Beck, C., Beinrucker, C., Belier, G., Bemmerer, D., Bendel, M., Benlliure, J., Benzoni, G., Berjillos, R., Bertini, D., Bertulani, C., Bishop, S., Blasi, N., Bloch, T., Blumenfeld, Y., Bonaccorso, A., Boretzky, K., Botvina, A., Boudard, A., Boutachkov, P., Boztosun, I., Bracco, A., Brambilla, S., Monago, J. Briz, Caamano, M., Caesar, C., Camera, F., Casarejos, E., Catford, W., Cederkall, J., Cederwall, B., Chartier, M., Chatillon, A., Cherciu, M., Chulkov, L., Coleman-Smith, P., Cortina-Gil, D., Crespi, F., Crespo, R., Cresswell, J., Csatlós, M., Déchery, F., Davids, B., Davinson, T., Derya, V., Detistov, P., Fernandez, P. Diaz, DiJulio, D., Dmitry, S., Doré, D., Duenas, J., Dupont, E., Egelhof, P., Egorova, I., Elekes, Z., Enders, J., Endres, J., Ershov, S., Ershova, O., Fernandez-Dominguez, B., Fetisov, A., Fiori, E., Fomichev, A., Fonseca, M., Fraile, L., Freer, M., Friese, J., Borge, M. G., Redondo, D. Galaviz, Gannon, S., Garg, U., Gasparic, I., Gasques, L., Gastineau, B., Geissel, H., Gernhäuser, R., Ghosh, T., Gilbert, M., Glorius, J., Golubev, P., Gorshkov, A., Gourishetty, A., Grigorenko, L., Gulyas, J., Haiduc, M., Hammache, F., Harakeh, M., Hass, M., Heine, M., Hennig, A., Henriques, A., Herzberg, R., Holl, M., Ignatov, A., Ignatyuk, A., Ilieva, S., Ivanov, M., Iwasa, N., Jakobsson, B., Johansson, H., Jonson, B., Joshi, P., Junghans, A., Jurado, B., Körner, G., Kalantar, N., Kanungo, R., Kelic-Heil, A., Kezzar, K., Khan, E., Khanzadeev, A., Kiselev, O., Kogimtzis, M., Körper, D., Kräckmann, S., Kröll, T., Krücken, R., Krasznahorkay, A., Kratz, J., Kresan, D., Krings, T., Krumbholz, A., Krupko, S., Kulessa, R., Kumar, S., Kurz, N., Kuzmin, E., Labiche, M., Langanke, K., Lazarus, I., Bleis, T. Le, Lederer, C., Lemasson, A., Lemmon, R., Liberati, V., Litvinov, Y., Löher, B., Herraiz, J. Lopez, Münzenberg, G., Machado, J., Maev, E., Mahata, K., Mancusi, D., Marganiec, J., Perez, M. Martinez, Marusov, V., Mengoni, D., Million, B., Morcelle, V., Moreno, O., Movsesyan, A., Nacher, E., Najafi, M., Nakamura, T., Naqvi, F., Nikolski, E., Nilsson, T., Nociforo, C., Nolan, P., Novatsky, B., Nyman, G., Ornelas, A., Palit, R., Pandit, S., Panin, V., Paradela, C., Parkar, V., Paschalis, S., Pawłowski, P., Perea, A., Pereira, J., Petrache, C., Petri, M., Pickstone, S., Pietralla, N., Pietri, S., Pivovarov, Y., Potlog, P., Prokofiev, A., Rastrepina, G., Rauscher, T., Ribeiro, G., Ricciardi, M., Richter, A., Rigollet, C., Riisager, K., Rios, A., Ritter, C., Frutos, T. Rodríguez, Vignote, J. Rodriguez, Röder, M., Romig, C., Rossi, D., Roussel-Chomaz, P., Rout, P., Roy, S., Söderström, P., Sarkar, M. Saha, Sakuta, S., Salsac, M., Sampson, J., Saez, J. Sanchez del Rio, Rosado, J. Sanchez, Sanjari, S., Sarriguren, P., Sauerwein, A., Savran, D., Scheidenberger, C., Scheit, H., Schmidt, S., Schmitt, C., Schnorrenberger, L., Schrock, P., Schwengner, R., Seddon, D., Sherrill, B., Shrivastava, A., Sidorchuk, S., Silva, J., Simon, H., Simpson, E., Singh, P., Slobodan, D., Sohler, D., Spieker, M., Stach, D., Stan, E., Stanoiu, M., Stepantsov, S., Stevenson, P., Strieder, F., Stuhl, L., Suda, T., Sümmerer, K., Streicher, B., Taieb, J., Takechi, M., Tanihata, I., Taylor, J., Tengblad, O., Ter-Akopian, G., Terashima, S., Teubig, P., Thies, R., Thoennessen, M., Thomas, T., Thornhill, J., Thungstrom, G., Timar, J., Togano, Y., Tomohiro, U., Tornyi, T., Tostevin, J., Townsley, C., Trautmann, W., Trivedi, T., Typel, S., Uberseder, E., Udias, J., Uesaka, T., Uvarov, L., Vajta, Z., Velho, P., Vikhrov, V., Volknandt, M., Volkov, V., von Neumann-Cosel, P., von Schmid, M., Wagner, A., Wamers, F., Weick, H., Wells, D., Westerberg, L., Wieland, O., Wiescher, M., Wimmer, C., Wimmer, K., Winfield, J. S., Winkel, M., Woods, P., Wyss, R., Yakorev, D., Yavor, M., Cardona, J. Zamora, Zartova, I., Zerguerras, T., Zgura, I., Zhdanov, A., Zhukov, M., Zieblinski, M., Zilges, A., and Zuber, K.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The nucleosynthesis of elements beyond iron is dominated by neutron captures in the s and r processes. However, 32 stable, proton-rich isotopes cannot be formed during those processes, because they are shielded from the s-process flow and r-process beta-decay chains. These nuclei are attributed to the p and rp process. For all those processes, current research in nuclear astrophysics addresses the need for more precise reaction data involving radioactive isotopes. Depending on the particular reaction, direct or inverse kinematics, forward or time-reversed direction are investigated to determine or at least to constrain the desired reaction cross sections. The Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) will offer unique, unprecedented opportunities to investigate many of the important reactions. The high yield of radioactive isotopes, even far away from the valley of stability, allows the investigation of isotopes involved in processes as exotic as the r or rp processes., Comment: Invited Talk given at the Conference Nuclear Physice in Astrophysics VI (NPA6), Lisbon, Portugal, May 19-24 2013. To appear in the NPA6 Proceedings in Journal of Physics: Conference Series (JPCS)
Published: 2013
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16. Neutronic Design of the Bunker Shielding for the European Spallation Source

Author: Zanini, L., DiJulio, D., Kennedy, S., Klinkby, E., and Santoro, V.
Published: 2020
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17. Thermal scattering libraries for cold and very-cold neutron reflector materials

Author: Dijulio, D, Marquez Damian, J, Bernasconi, M, Campi, D, Gorini, G, Kittelmann, T, Klinkby, E, Muhrer, G, Ramic, K, Rizzi, N, Santoro, V, Dijulio, Douglas D., Marquez Damian, Jose Ignacio, Bernasconi, Marco, Campi, Davide, Gorini, Giuseppe, Kittelmann, Thomas, Klinkby, Esben, Muhrer, Gunter, Ramic, Kemal, Rizzi, Nicola, Santoro, Valentina, Dijulio, D, Marquez Damian, J, Bernasconi, M, Campi, D, Gorini, G, Kittelmann, T, Klinkby, E, Muhrer, G, Ramic, K, Rizzi, N, Santoro, V, Dijulio, Douglas D., Marquez Damian, Jose Ignacio, Bernasconi, Marco, Campi, Davide, Gorini, Giuseppe, Kittelmann, Thomas, Klinkby, Esben, Muhrer, Gunter, Ramic, Kemal, Rizzi, Nicola, and Santoro, Valentina
Abstract: We present recent developments of improved modelling methods for simulating neutron transport in reflector materials of interest for neutron source applications. These include materials to be used as traditional reflectors around the neutron moderator, such as beryllium, and also novel materials, such as nanodiamond particles, to be used as a reflector for very-cold neutrons in the neutron beam extraction area of a neutron scattering instrument. Of particular interest is the inclusion of physical effects that are not modelled in standard thermal scattering libraries used for Monte-Carlo simulations, such as extinction in beryllium reflectors and effects of small-angle neutron scattering from nanodiamond particles.
Published: 2023

18. Measurements of the neutron absorption in supermirror coatings

Author: DiJulio, D. D., Santoro, V., Devishvili, A., Khaplanov, A., Kolevatov, R., Magan, M., Miller, T. M., Muhrer, G., DiJulio, D. D., Santoro, V., Devishvili, A., Khaplanov, A., Kolevatov, R., Magan, M., Miller, T. M., and Muhrer, G.
Abstract: In this work we report on measurements of neutron absorption in supermirror coatings. The measurements were carried out using the SuperADAM instrument at the Institut Laue-Langevin and by measuring the gamma-ray production from m = 3 and m = 4 neutron supermirrors when illuminated by a beam of neutrons. The results provide a valuable validation for recent computational and theoretical work that can be used as input to Monte-Carlo radiation transport calculations for the design of the shielding of neutron scattering instruments.
Published: 2022
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19. The Miniball spectrometer

Author: Warr, N., Van de Walle, J., Albers, M., Ames, F., Bastin, B., Bauer, C., Bildstein, V., Blazhev, A., Bönig, S., Bree, N., Bruyneel, B., Butler, P. A., Cederkäll, J., Clément, E., Cocolios, T. E., Davinson, T., De Witte, H., Delahaye, P., DiJulio, D. D., Diriken, J., Eberth, J., Ekström, A., Elseviers, J., Emhofer, S., Fedorov, D. V., Fedosseev, V. N., Franchoo, S., Fransen, C., Gaffney, L. P., Gerl, J., Georgiev, G., Gernhäuser, R., Grahn, T., Habs, D., Hess, H., Hurst, A. M., Huyse, M., Ivanov, O., Iwanicki, J., Jenkins, D. G., Jolie, J., Kesteloot, N., Kester, O., Köster, U., Krauth, M., Kröll, T., Krücken, R., Lauer, M., Leske, J., Lieb, K. P., Lutter, R., Maier, L., Marsh, B. A., Mücher, D., Münch, M., Niedermaier, O., Pakarinen, J., Pantea, M., Pascovici, G., Patronis, N., Pauwels, D., Petts, A., Pietralla, N., Raabe, R., Rapisarda, E., Reiter, P., Richter, A., Schaile, O., Scheck, M., Scheit, H., Schrieder, G., Schwalm, D., Seidlitz, M., Seliverstov, M., Sieber, T., Simon, H., Speidel, K. -H., Stahl, C., Stefanescu, I., Thirolf, P. G., Thomas, H. -G., Thürauf, M., Van Duppen, P., Voulot, D., Wadsworth, R., Walter, G., Weißhaar, D., Wenander, F., Wiens, A., Wimmer, K., Wolf, B. H., Woods, P. J., Wrzosek-Lipska, K., and Zell, K. O.
Published: 2013
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20. New high-sensitivity searches for neutrons converting into antineutrons and/or sterile neutrons at the HIBEAM/NNBAR experiment at the European Spallation Source

Author: Addazi, A., Anderson, K., Ansell, S., Babu, K. S., Barrow, J. L., Baxter, D. V., Bentley, P. M., Berezhiani, Z., Bevilacqua, R., Biondi, R., Bohm, C., Brooijmans, G., Broussard, L. J., Cedercäll, J., Crawford, C., Dev, P. S. B., DiJulio, D. D., Dolgov, A. D., Dunne, K., Fierlinger, P., Fitzsimmons, M. R., Fomin, A., Frost, M. J., Gardiner, S., Gardner, S., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Geltenbort, P., Girmohanta, S., Golubev, P., Golubeva, E., Greene, G. L., Greenshaw, T., Gudkov, V., Hall-Wilton, R., Heilbronn, L., Herrero-Garcia, J., Holley, A., Ichikawa, G., Ito, T. M., Iverson, E., Johansson, Tord, Jönsson, L., Jwa, Y-J, Kamyshkov, Y., Kanaki, K., Kearns, E., Kokai, Z., Kerbikov, B., Kitaguchi, M., Kittelmann, T., Klinkby, E., Kobakhidze, A., Koerner, L. W., Kopeliovich, B., Kozela, A., Kudryavtsev, V., Kupsc, A., Lee, Y. T., Lindroos, M., Makkinje, J., Marquez, J. I., Meirose, B., Miller, T. M., Milstead, D., Mohapatra, R. N., Morishima, T., Muhrer, G., Mumm, H. P., Nagamoto, K., Nepomuceno, A., Nesti, F., Nesvizhevsky, V. V., Nilsson, T., Oskarsson, A., Paryev, E., Pattie Jr., R. W., Penttil, S., Perrey, H., Pokotilovski, Y. N., Potashnikovav, I., Ramic, K., Redding, C., Richard, J-M, Ries, D., Rinaldi, E., Rizzi, N., Rossi, N., Ruggles, A., Rybolt, B., Santoro, V., Sarkar, U., Saunders, A., Senjanovic, G., Serebrov, A. P., Shimizu, H. M., Shrock, R., Silverstein, S., Silvermyr, D., Snow, W. M., Takibayev, A., Tkachev, I., Townsend, L., Tureanu, A., Varriano, L., Vainshtein, A., de Vries, J., Wagner, R., Woracek, R., Yamagata, Y., Yiu, S., Young, A. R., Zanini, L., Zhang, Z., Zimmer, O., Addazi, A., Anderson, K., Ansell, S., Babu, K. S., Barrow, J. L., Baxter, D. V., Bentley, P. M., Berezhiani, Z., Bevilacqua, R., Biondi, R., Bohm, C., Brooijmans, G., Broussard, L. J., Cedercäll, J., Crawford, C., Dev, P. S. B., DiJulio, D. D., Dolgov, A. D., Dunne, K., Fierlinger, P., Fitzsimmons, M. R., Fomin, A., Frost, M. J., Gardiner, S., Gardner, S., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Geltenbort, P., Girmohanta, S., Golubev, P., Golubeva, E., Greene, G. L., Greenshaw, T., Gudkov, V., Hall-Wilton, R., Heilbronn, L., Herrero-Garcia, J., Holley, A., Ichikawa, G., Ito, T. M., Iverson, E., Johansson, Tord, Jönsson, L., Jwa, Y-J, Kamyshkov, Y., Kanaki, K., Kearns, E., Kokai, Z., Kerbikov, B., Kitaguchi, M., Kittelmann, T., Klinkby, E., Kobakhidze, A., Koerner, L. W., Kopeliovich, B., Kozela, A., Kudryavtsev, V., Kupsc, A., Lee, Y. T., Lindroos, M., Makkinje, J., Marquez, J. I., Meirose, B., Miller, T. M., Milstead, D., Mohapatra, R. N., Morishima, T., Muhrer, G., Mumm, H. P., Nagamoto, K., Nepomuceno, A., Nesti, F., Nesvizhevsky, V. V., Nilsson, T., Oskarsson, A., Paryev, E., Pattie Jr., R. W., Penttil, S., Perrey, H., Pokotilovski, Y. N., Potashnikovav, I., Ramic, K., Redding, C., Richard, J-M, Ries, D., Rinaldi, E., Rizzi, N., Rossi, N., Ruggles, A., Rybolt, B., Santoro, V., Sarkar, U., Saunders, A., Senjanovic, G., Serebrov, A. P., Shimizu, H. M., Shrock, R., Silverstein, S., Silvermyr, D., Snow, W. M., Takibayev, A., Tkachev, I., Townsend, L., Tureanu, A., Varriano, L., Vainshtein, A., de Vries, J., Wagner, R., Woracek, R., Yamagata, Y., Yiu, S., Young, A. R., Zanini, L., Zhang, Z., and Zimmer, O.
Abstract: The violation of baryon number, , is an essential ingredient for the preferential creation of matter over antimatter needed to account for the observed baryon asymmetry in the Universe. However, such a process has yet to be experimentally observed. The HIBEAM/NNBAR program is a proposed two-stage experiment at the European Spallation Source to search for baryon number violation. The program will include high-sensitivity searches for processes that violate baryon number by one or two units: free neutron–antineutron oscillation () via mixing, neutron–antineutron oscillation via regeneration from a sterile neutron state (), and neutron disappearance (n → n'); the effective process of neutron regeneration () is also possible. The program can be used to discover and characterize mixing in the neutron, antineutron and sterile neutron sectors. The experiment addre
Published: 2021
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21. Coulomb excitation of 107Sn

Author: DiJulio, D. D., Cederkall, J., Fahlander, C., Ekström, A., Hjorth-Jensen, M., Albers, M., Bildstein, V., Blazhev, A., Darby, I., Davinson, T., De Witte, H., Diriken, J., Fransen, Ch., Geibel, K., Gernhäuser, R., Görgen, A., Hess, H., Iwanicki, J., Lutter, R., Reiter, P., Scheck, M., Seidlitz, M., Siem, S., Taprogge, J., Tveten, G. M., Van de Walle, J., Voulot, D., Warr, N., Wenander, F., and Wimmer, K.
Published: 2012
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22. Electromagnetic properties of vibrational bands in 170Er

Author: DiJulio, D. D., Cederkall, J., Fahlander, C., Ekström, A., Golubev, P., Mattsson, K., Rudolph, D., de Angelis, G., Aydin, S., Y. Deo, A., Farnea, E., Farrelly, G., Geibel, K., He, C., Iwanicki, J., Kempley, R., Marginean, N., Menegazzo, R., Mengoni, D., Orlandi, R., Podolyak, Z., Recchia, F., Reiter, P., Sahin, E., Smith, J., Söderström, P. A., Torres, D. A., Tveten, G. M., Ur, C. A., Valiente-Dobón, J. J., Wendt, A., and Zielińska, M.
Published: 2011
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23. New high-sensitivity searches for neutrons converting into antineutrons and/or sterile neutrons at the HIBEAM/NNBAR experiment at the European Spallation Source

Author: Addazi, A, primary, Anderson, K, additional, Ansell, S, additional, Babu, K S, additional, Barrow, J L, additional, Baxter, D V, additional, Bentley, P M, additional, Berezhiani, Z, additional, Bevilacqua, R, additional, Biondi, R, additional, Bohm, C, additional, Brooijmans, G, additional, Broussard, L J, additional, Cedercäll, J, additional, Crawford, C, additional, Dev, P S B, additional, DiJulio, D D, additional, Dolgov, A D, additional, Dunne, K, additional, Fierlinger, P, additional, Fitzsimmons, M R, additional, Fomin, A, additional, Frost, M J, additional, Gardiner, S, additional, Gardner, S, additional, Galindo-Uribarri, A, additional, Geltenbort, P, additional, Girmohanta, S, additional, Golubev, P, additional, Golubeva, E, additional, Greene, G L, additional, Greenshaw, T, additional, Gudkov, V, additional, Hall-Wilton, R, additional, Heilbronn, L, additional, Herrero-Garcia, J, additional, Holley, A, additional, Ichikawa, G, additional, Ito, T M, additional, Iverson, E, additional, Johansson, T, additional, Jönsson, L, additional, Jwa, Y-J, additional, Kamyshkov, Y, additional, Kanaki, K, additional, Kearns, E, additional, Kokai, Z, additional, Kerbikov, B, additional, Kitaguchi, M, additional, Kittelmann, T, additional, Klinkby, E, additional, Kobakhidze, A, additional, Koerner, L W, additional, Kopeliovich, B, additional, Kozela, A, additional, Kudryavtsev, V, additional, Kupsc, A, additional, Lee, Y T, additional, Lindroos, M, additional, Makkinje, J, additional, Marquez, J I, additional, Meirose, B, additional, Miller, T M, additional, Milstead, D, additional, Mohapatra, R N, additional, Morishima, T, additional, Muhrer, G, additional, Mumm, H P, additional, Nagamoto, K, additional, Nepomuceno, A, additional, Nesti, F, additional, Nesvizhevsky, V V, additional, Nilsson, T, additional, Oskarsson, A, additional, Paryev, E, additional, Pattie, R W, additional, Penttil, S, additional, Perrey, H, additional, Pokotilovski, Y N, additional, Potashnikovav, I, additional, Ramic, K, additional, Redding, C, additional, Richard, J-M, additional, Ries, D, additional, Rinaldi, E, additional, Rizzi, N, additional, Rossi, N, additional, Ruggles, A, additional, Rybolt, B, additional, Santoro, V, additional, Sarkar, U, additional, Saunders, A, additional, Senjanovic, G, additional, Serebrov, A P, additional, Shimizu, H M, additional, Shrock, R, additional, Silverstein, S, additional, Silvermyr, D, additional, Snow, W M, additional, Takibayev, A, additional, Tkachev, I, additional, Townsend, L, additional, Tureanu, A, additional, Varriano, L, additional, Vainshtein, A, additional, de Vries, J, additional, Wagner, R, additional, Woracek, R, additional, Yamagata, Y, additional, Yiu, S, additional, Young, A R, additional, Zanini, L, additional, Zhang, Z, additional, and Zimmer, O, additional
Published: 2021
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24. Development of high intensity neutron source at the European Spallation Source

Author: Santoro, V, Andersen, K. H., DiJulio, D. D., Klinkby, E. B., Miller, T. M., Milstead, David, Muhrer, G., Strobl, M., Takibayev, A., Zanini, L., Zimmer, O., Santoro, V, Andersen, K. H., DiJulio, D. D., Klinkby, E. B., Miller, T. M., Milstead, David, Muhrer, G., Strobl, M., Takibayev, A., Zanini, L., and Zimmer, O.
Abstract: The European Spallation Source being constructed in Lund, Sweden will provide the user community with a neutron source of unprecedented brightness. By 2025, a suite of 15 instruments will be served by a high-brightness moderator system placed above the spallation target. The ESS infrastructure, consisting of the proton linac, the target station, and the instrument halls, allows for implementation of a second source below the spallation target. We propose to develop a second neutron source with a high-intensity moderator able to (1) deliver a larger total cold neutron flux, (2) provide high intensities at longer wavelengths in the spectral regions of Cold (4–10 Å), Very Cold (10–40 Å), and Ultra Cold (several 100 Å) neutrons, as opposed to Thermal and Cold neutrons delivered by the top moderator. Offering both unprecedented brilliance, flux, and spectral range in a single facility, this upgrade will make ESS the most versatile neutron source in the world and will further strengthen the leadership of Europe in neutron science. The new source will boost several areas of condensed matter research such as imaging and spin-echo, and will provide outstanding opportunities in fundamental physics investigations of the laws of nature at a precision unattainable anywhere else. At the heart of the proposed system is a volumetric liquid deuterium moderator. Based on proven technology, its performance will be optimized in a detailed engineering study. This moderator will be complemented by secondary sources to provide intense beams of Very- and Ultra-Cold Neutrons.
Published: 2020
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25. Very cold and ultra cold neutron sources for ESS.

Author: Zanini, L., Dian, E., DiJulio, D. D., Folsom, B., Klinkby, E. B., Kokai, Z., Damian, J. I. Marquez, Rataj, B., Rizzi, N., Santoro, V., Strothmann, M., Takibayev, A., Wagner, R. ., and Zimmer, O.
Subjects: NEUTRON sources, NEUTRON beams, ANGULAR distance, NEUTRONS, DEUTERIUM, SUPERFLUIDITY, NEUTRON generators
Abstract: The goal of the "Workshop on Very Cold and Ultra Cold Neutron Sources for ESS" was to discuss scientific cases, ideas and possibilities for the implementation of sources of Very Cold and Ultra Cold neutrons at the European Spallation Source. The ESS facility, presently under construction, offers several possibilities for in-pile UCN or VCN sources, in primis thanks to the available space below the spallation target where additional neutron sources can be placed to complement those above the target. Neutron beams can be extracted over a wide angular range with a grid of forty-two beamports with 6° average angular separation, allowing future instruments to be installed which may view either the upper or lower moderator systems. Of greatest interest for fundamental physics is the so-called Large Beamport foreseen for the NNBAR experiment. This beamport is also particularly well suited to feed a UCN source, for which several ideas were presented that employ either superfluid helium or solid deuterium as established neutron converter materials. Concepts for VCN sources make use of novel materials for VCN production and/or advanced reflectors to increase yields in the coldest part of the neutron spectrum from a cryogenic neutron source. In this paper we discuss these ideas and the possible locations of UCN and VCN sources at ESS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2022
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26. An In Vivo Model to Evaluate the Effects of Direct Pulp Capping Materials on Neural Markers in the Pulp: PR 05

Author: Ball, R. L., DiJulio, D. H., Byers, M. R., Chung, W. O., and Flake, N. M.
Published: 2012

27. Development of High Intensity Neutron Source at the European Spallation Source

Author: Santoro, V., Andersen, K. H., DiJulio, D. D., Klinkby, E. B., Miller, T. M., Milstead, D., Muhrer, G., Stroble, M., Takibayev, A., Zanini, L., Zimmer, O., Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), and ILL
Subjects: Neutrons, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Moderator, FOS: Physical sciences, Source, ESS, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Very cold neutron, Ultra cold neutron
Abstract: The European Spallation Source being constructed in Lund, Sweden will provide the user community with a neutron source of unprecedented brightness. By 2025, a suite of 15 instruments will be served by a high-brightness moderator system placed above the spallation target. The ESS infrastructure, consisting of the proton linac, the target station, and the instrument halls, allows for implementation of a second source below the spallation target. We propose to develop a second neutron source with a high-intensity moderator able to (1) deliver a larger total cold neutron flux, (2) provide high intensities at longer wavelengths in the spectral regions of Cold (4-10 \AA ), Very Cold (10-40 \AA ), and Ultra Cold (several 100 \AA ) neutrons, as opposed to Thermal and Cold neutrons delivered by the top moderator. Offering both unprecedented brilliance, flux, and spectral range in a single facility, this upgrade will make ESS the most versatile neutron source in the world and will further strengthen the leadership of Europe in neutron science. The new source will boost several areas of condensed matter research such as imaging and spin-echo, and will provide outstanding opportunities in fundamental physics investigations of the laws of nature at a precision unattainable anywhere else. At the heart of the proposed system is a volumetric liquid deuterium moderator. Based on proven technology, its performance will be optimized in a detailed engineering study. This moderator will be complemented by secondary sources to provide intense beams of Very- and Ultra-Cold Neutrons., Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, proceeding of the 23rd meeting of the International Collaboration on Advanced Neutron Sources (ICANS XXIII) 13th - 18th October 2019 in Chattanooga, Tennessee
Published: 2019
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28. Measurements and Monte-Carlo simulations of the particle self-shielding effect of B4C grains in neutron shielding concrete

Author: DiJulio, D. D., Cooper-Jensen, Carsten P., Llamas-Jansa, I., Kazi, S., Bentley, Phillip M., DiJulio, D. D., Cooper-Jensen, Carsten P., Llamas-Jansa, I., Kazi, S., and Bentley, Phillip M.
Abstract: A combined measurement and Monte-Carlo simulation study was carried out in order to characterize the particle self-shielding effect of B4C grains in neutron shielding concrete. Several batches of a specialized neutron shielding concrete, with varying B4C grain sizes, were exposed to a 2 angstrom neutron beam at the R2D2 test beamline at the Institute for Energy Technology located in Kjeller, Norway. The direct and scattered neutrons were detected with a neutron detector placed behind the concrete blocks and the results were compared to Geant4 simulations. The particle self-shielding effect was included in the Geant4 simulations by calculating effective neutron cross-sections during the Monte-Carlo simulation process. It is shown that this method well reproduces the measured results. Our results show that shielding calculations for low-energy neutrons using such materials would lead to an underestimate of the shielding required for a certain design scenario if the particle self shielding effect is not included in the calculations.
Published: 2018
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29. Study of neutron shielding collimators for curved beamlines at the European Spallation Source

Author: Santoro, V., primary, DiJulio, D. D., additional, Ansell, S., additional, Cherkashyna, N., additional, Muhrer, G., additional, and Bentley, P. M., additional
Published: 2018
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30. Low-energy Coulomb excitation of Fe-62 and Mn-62 following in-beam decay of Mn-62

Author: Gaffney, LP, Van de Walle, J, Bastin, B, Bildstein, V, Blazhev, A, Bree, N, Cederkall, J, Darby, I, De Witte, H, DiJulio, D, Diriken, J, Fedosseev, VN, Fransen, Ch, Gernhaeuser, R, Gustafsson, A, Hess, H, Huyse, M, Kesteloot, N, Kroell, Th, Lutter, R, Marsh, BA, Reiter, P, Seidlitz, M, Van Duppen, P, Voulot, D, Warr, N, Wenander, F, Wimmer, K, and Wrzosek-Lipska, K
Published: 2015

31. Nuclear astrophysics with radioactive ions at FAIR

Author: Reifarth, R., Altstadt, S., Göbel, K., Heftrich, T., Heil, M., Koloczek, A., Langer, C., Plag, R., Pohl, M., Sonnabend, K., Weigand, M., Adachi, T., Aksouh, F., Al-Khalili, J., Algarawi, M., Alghamdi, S., Alkhazov, G., Alkhomashi, N., Alvarez-Pol, H., Alvarez-Rodriguez, R., Andreev, V., Andrei, B., Atar, L., Aumann, T., Avdeichikov, V., Bacri, C., Bagchi, S., Barbieri, C., Beceiro, S., Beck, C., Beinrucker, C., Belier, G., Bemmerer, D., Bendel, M., Benlliure, J., Benzoni, G., Berjillos, R., Bertini, D., Bertulani, C., Bishop, S., Blasi, N., Bloch, T., Blumenfeld, Y., Bonaccorso, A., Boretzky, K., Botvina, A., Boudard, A., Boutachkov, P., Boztosun, I., Bracco, A., Brambilla, S., Monago, J. B., Caamano, M., Caesar, C., Camera, F., Casarejos, E., Catford, W., Cederkall, J., Cederwall, B., Chartier, M., Chatillon, A., Cherciu, M., Chulkov, L., Coleman-Smith, P., Cortina-Gil, D., Crespi, F., Crespo, R., Cresswell, J., Csatlós, M., Déchery, F., Davids, B., Davinson, T., Derya, V., Detistov, P., Fernandez, P. D., Dijulio, D., Dmitry, S., Doré, D., Dueñas, J., Dupont, E., Egelhof, P., Egorova, I., Elekes, Z., Enders, J., Endres, J., Ershov, S., Ershova, O., Fernandez-Dominguez, B., Fetisov, A., Fiori, E., Fomichev, A., Fonseca, M., Fraile, L., Freer, M., Friese, J., Borge, M. G., Redondo, D. G., Gannon, S., Garg, U., Gasparic, I., Gasques, L., Gastineau, B., Geissel, H., Gernhäuser, R., Ghosh, T., Gilbert, M., Glorius, J., Golubev, P., Gorshkov, A., Gourishetty, A., Grigorenko, L., Gulyas, J., Haiduc, M., Hammache, F., Harakeh, M., Hass, M., Heine, M., Hennig, A., Henriques, A., Herzberg, R., Holl, M., Ignatov, A., Ignatyuk, A., Ilieva, S., Ivanov, M., Iwasa, N., Jakobsson, B., Johansson, H., Jonson, B., Joshi, P., Junghans, A., Jurado, B., Körner, G., Kalantar, N., Kanungo, R., Kelic-Heil, A., Kezzar, K., Khan, E., Khanzadeev, A., Kiselev, O., Kogimtzis, M., Körper, D., Kräckmann, S., Kröll, T., Krücken, R., Krasznahorkay, A., Kratz, J., Kresan, D., Krings, T., Krumbholz, A., Krupko, S., Kulessa, R., Kumar, S., Kurz, N., Kuzmin, E., Labiche, M., Langanke, K., Lazarus, I., Le Bleis, T., Lederer, C., Lemasson, A., Lemmon, R., Liberati, V., Litvinov, Y., Löher, B., Herraiz, J. L., Münzenberg, G., Machado, J., Maev, E., Mahata, K., Mancusi, D., Marganiec, J., Perez, M. M., Marusov, V., Mengoni, D., Million, B., Morcelle, V., Moreno, O., Movsesyan, A., Nacher, E., Najafi, M., Nakamura, T., Naqvi, F., Nikolski, E., Nilsson, T., Nociforo, C., Nolan, P., Novatsky, B., Nyman, G., Ornelas, A., Palit, R., Pandit, S., Panin, V., Paradela, C., Parkar, V., Paschalis, S., Pawłowski, P., Perea, A., Pereira, J., Petrache, C., Petri, M., Pickstone, S., Pietralla, N., Pietri, S., Pivovarov, Y., Potlog, P., Prokofiev, A., Rastrepina, G., Rauscher, T., Ribeiro, G., Ricciardi, M., Richter, A., Rigollet, C., Riisager, K., Rios, A., Ritter, C., Frutos, T. R., Vignote, J. R., Röder, M., Romig, C., Rossi, D., Roussel-Chomaz, P., Rout, P., Roy, S., Söderström, P., Sarkar, M. S., Sakuta, S., Salsac, M., Sampson, J., Del Rio Saez, J. S., Rosado, J. S., Sanjari, S., Sarriguren, P., Sauerwein, A., Savran, D., Scheidenberger, C., Scheit, H., Schmidt, S., Schmitt, C., Schnorrenberger, L., Schrock, P., Schwengner, R., Seddon, D., Sherrill, B., Shrivastava, A., Sidorchuk, S., Silva, J., Simon, H., Simpson, E., Singh, P., Slobodan, D., Sohler, D., Spieker, M., Stach, D., Stan, E., Stanoiu, M., Stepantsov, S., Stevenson, P., Strieder, F., Stuhl, L., Suda, T., Sümmerer, K., Streicher, B., Taieb, J., Takechi, M., Tanihata, I., Taylor, J., Tengblad, O., Ter-Akopian, G., Terashima, S., Teubig, P., Thies, R., Thoennessen, M., Thomas, T., Thornhill, J., Thungström, Göran, Timar, J., Togano, Y., Tomohiro, U., Tornyi, T., Tostevin, J., Townsley, C., Trautmann, W., Trivedi, T., Typel, S., Uberseder, E., Udias, J., Uesaka, T., Uvarov, L., Vajta, Z., Velho, P., Vikhrov, V., Volknandt, M., Volkov, V., Von Neumann-Cosel, P., Von Schmid, M., Wagner, A., Wamers, F., Weick, H., Wells, D., Westerberg, L., Wieland, O., Wiescher, M., Wimmer, C., Wimmer, K., Winfield, J. S., Winkel, M., Woods, P., Wyss, R., Yakorev, D., Yavor, M., Cardona, J. Z., Zartova, I., Zerguerras, T., Zgura, M., Zhdanov, A., Zhukov, M., Zieblinski, M., Zilges, A., Zuber, K., Reifarth, R., Altstadt, S., Göbel, K., Heftrich, T., Heil, M., Koloczek, A., Langer, C., Plag, R., Pohl, M., Sonnabend, K., Weigand, M., Adachi, T., Aksouh, F., Al-Khalili, J., Algarawi, M., Alghamdi, S., Alkhazov, G., Alkhomashi, N., Alvarez-Pol, H., Alvarez-Rodriguez, R., Andreev, V., Andrei, B., Atar, L., Aumann, T., Avdeichikov, V., Bacri, C., Bagchi, S., Barbieri, C., Beceiro, S., Beck, C., Beinrucker, C., Belier, G., Bemmerer, D., Bendel, M., Benlliure, J., Benzoni, G., Berjillos, R., Bertini, D., Bertulani, C., Bishop, S., Blasi, N., Bloch, T., Blumenfeld, Y., Bonaccorso, A., Boretzky, K., Botvina, A., Boudard, A., Boutachkov, P., Boztosun, I., Bracco, A., Brambilla, S., Monago, J. B., Caamano, M., Caesar, C., Camera, F., Casarejos, E., Catford, W., Cederkall, J., Cederwall, B., Chartier, M., Chatillon, A., Cherciu, M., Chulkov, L., Coleman-Smith, P., Cortina-Gil, D., Crespi, F., Crespo, R., Cresswell, J., Csatlós, M., Déchery, F., Davids, B., Davinson, T., Derya, V., Detistov, P., Fernandez, P. D., Dijulio, D., Dmitry, S., Doré, D., Dueñas, J., Dupont, E., Egelhof, P., Egorova, I., Elekes, Z., Enders, J., Endres, J., Ershov, S., Ershova, O., Fernandez-Dominguez, B., Fetisov, A., Fiori, E., Fomichev, A., Fonseca, M., Fraile, L., Freer, M., Friese, J., Borge, M. G., Redondo, D. G., Gannon, S., Garg, U., Gasparic, I., Gasques, L., Gastineau, B., Geissel, H., Gernhäuser, R., Ghosh, T., Gilbert, M., Glorius, J., Golubev, P., Gorshkov, A., Gourishetty, A., Grigorenko, L., Gulyas, J., Haiduc, M., Hammache, F., Harakeh, M., Hass, M., Heine, M., Hennig, A., Henriques, A., Herzberg, R., Holl, M., Ignatov, A., Ignatyuk, A., Ilieva, S., Ivanov, M., Iwasa, N., Jakobsson, B., Johansson, H., Jonson, B., Joshi, P., Junghans, A., Jurado, B., Körner, G., Kalantar, N., Kanungo, R., Kelic-Heil, A., Kezzar, K., Khan, E., Khanzadeev, A., Kiselev, O., Kogimtzis, M., Körper, D., Kräckmann, S., Kröll, T., Krücken, R., Krasznahorkay, A., Kratz, J., Kresan, D., Krings, T., Krumbholz, A., Krupko, S., Kulessa, R., Kumar, S., Kurz, N., Kuzmin, E., Labiche, M., Langanke, K., Lazarus, I., Le Bleis, T., Lederer, C., Lemasson, A., Lemmon, R., Liberati, V., Litvinov, Y., Löher, B., Herraiz, J. L., Münzenberg, G., Machado, J., Maev, E., Mahata, K., Mancusi, D., Marganiec, J., Perez, M. M., Marusov, V., Mengoni, D., Million, B., Morcelle, V., Moreno, O., Movsesyan, A., Nacher, E., Najafi, M., Nakamura, T., Naqvi, F., Nikolski, E., Nilsson, T., Nociforo, C., Nolan, P., Novatsky, B., Nyman, G., Ornelas, A., Palit, R., Pandit, S., Panin, V., Paradela, C., Parkar, V., Paschalis, S., Pawłowski, P., Perea, A., Pereira, J., Petrache, C., Petri, M., Pickstone, S., Pietralla, N., Pietri, S., Pivovarov, Y., Potlog, P., Prokofiev, A., Rastrepina, G., Rauscher, T., Ribeiro, G., Ricciardi, M., Richter, A., Rigollet, C., Riisager, K., Rios, A., Ritter, C., Frutos, T. R., Vignote, J. R., Röder, M., Romig, C., Rossi, D., Roussel-Chomaz, P., Rout, P., Roy, S., Söderström, P., Sarkar, M. S., Sakuta, S., Salsac, M., Sampson, J., Del Rio Saez, J. S., Rosado, J. S., Sanjari, S., Sarriguren, P., Sauerwein, A., Savran, D., Scheidenberger, C., Scheit, H., Schmidt, S., Schmitt, C., Schnorrenberger, L., Schrock, P., Schwengner, R., Seddon, D., Sherrill, B., Shrivastava, A., Sidorchuk, S., Silva, J., Simon, H., Simpson, E., Singh, P., Slobodan, D., Sohler, D., Spieker, M., Stach, D., Stan, E., Stanoiu, M., Stepantsov, S., Stevenson, P., Strieder, F., Stuhl, L., Suda, T., Sümmerer, K., Streicher, B., Taieb, J., Takechi, M., Tanihata, I., Taylor, J., Tengblad, O., Ter-Akopian, G., Terashima, S., Teubig, P., Thies, R., Thoennessen, M., Thomas, T., Thornhill, J., Thungström, Göran, Timar, J., Togano, Y., Tomohiro, U., Tornyi, T., Tostevin, J., Townsley, C., Trautmann, W., Trivedi, T., Typel, S., Uberseder, E., Udias, J., Uesaka, T., Uvarov, L., Vajta, Z., Velho, P., Vikhrov, V., Volknandt, M., Volkov, V., Von Neumann-Cosel, P., Von Schmid, M., Wagner, A., Wamers, F., Weick, H., Wells, D., Westerberg, L., Wieland, O., Wiescher, M., Wimmer, C., Wimmer, K., Winfield, J. S., Winkel, M., Woods, P., Wyss, R., Yakorev, D., Yavor, M., Cardona, J. Z., Zartova, I., Zerguerras, T., Zgura, M., Zhdanov, A., Zhukov, M., Zieblinski, M., Zilges, A., and Zuber, K.
Abstract: The nucleosynthesis of elements beyond iron is dominated by neutron captures in the s and r processes. However, 32 stable, proton-rich isotopes cannot be formed during those processes, because they are shielded from the s-process flow and r-process, β-decay chains. These nuclei are attributed to the p and rp process. For all those processes, current research in nuclear astrophysics addresses the need for more precise reaction data involving radioactive isotopes. Depending on the particular reaction, direct or inverse kinematics, forward or time-reversed direction are investigated to determine or at least to constrain the desired reaction cross sections. The Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) will offer unique, unprecedented opportunities to investigate many of the important reactions. The high yield of radioactive isotopes, even far away from the valley of stability, allows the investigation of isotopes involved in processes as exotic as the r or rp processes., Conference Paper
Published: 2016
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32. Systematic study on the performance of elliptic focusing neutron guides

Author: Rodriguez, D. Martin, DiJulio, D. D., Bentley, Phillip M., Rodriguez, D. Martin, DiJulio, D. D., and Bentley, Phillip M.
Abstract: In neutron scattering experiments there is an increasing trend towards the study of smaller volume samples, which make the use of focusing optics more important. Focusing guide geometries based on conic-sections, such as those with parabolic and elliptic shapes, have been extensively used in both recently built neutron instruments and upgrades of existing hardware. A large fraction of proposed instruments at the European Spallation Source feature the requirement of good performance when measuring on small samples. The optimised design of a focusing system comes after time consuming Monte-Carlo (MC) simulations. Therefore, in order to help reduce the time needed to design such focusing systems, it is necessary to study systematically the performance of focusing guides. In the present work, we perform a theoretical analysis of the focusing properties of neutron beams, and validate them using a combination of Monte-Carlo simulations and Particle Swarm Optimisations (PS0s), where there is a close correspondence between the maximum divergence of the beam and the shape of the guide. The analytical results show that two limits can be considered, which bound a range of conic section shapes that provide optimum performance. Finally, we analyse a more realistic guide example and we give an assessment of the importance of the contribution from multiple reflections in different systems.
Published: 2016
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33. High-energy in-beam neutron measurements of metal-based shielding for accelerator-driven spallation neutron sources

Author: DiJulio, D. D., Cooper-Jensen, Carsten P., Bjorgvinsdottir, H., Kokai, Z., Bentley, Phillip M., DiJulio, D. D., Cooper-Jensen, Carsten P., Bjorgvinsdottir, H., Kokai, Z., and Bentley, Phillip M.
Abstract: Metal-based shielding plays an important role in the attenuation of harmful and unwanted radiation at an accelerator-driven spallation neutron source. At the European Spallation Source, currently under construction in Lund, Sweden, metal-based materials are planned to be used extensively as neutron guide substrates in addition to other shielding structures around neutron guides. The usage of metal-based materials in the vicinity of neutron guides however requires careful consideration in order to minimize potential background effects in a neutron instrument at the facility. Therefore, we have carried out a combined study involving high-energy neutron measurements and Monte Carlo simulations of metal-based shielding, both to validate the simulation methodology and also to investigate the benefits and drawbacks of different metal-based solutions. The measurements were carried out at The Svedberg Laboratory in Uppsala, Sweden, using a 174.1 MeV neutron beam and various thicknesses of aluminum-, iron-, and copper-based shielding blocks. The results were compared to Geant4 simulations and revealed excellent agreement. Our combined study highlights the particular situations where one type of metal-based solution may be preferred over another.
Published: 2016
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34. Population-based metaheuristic optimization in neutron optics and shielding design

Author: DiJulio, D. D., Björgvinsdottir, H., Zendler, C., Bentley, Phillip M., DiJulio, D. D., Björgvinsdottir, H., Zendler, C., and Bentley, Phillip M.
Abstract: Population-based metaheuristic algorithms are powerful tools in the design of neutron scattering instruments and the use of these types of algorithms for this purpose is becoming more and more commonplace. Today there exists a wide range of algorithms to choose from when designing an instrument and it is not always initially clear which may provide the best performance. Furthermore, due to the nature of these types of algorithms, the final solution found for a specific design scenario cannot always be guaranteed to be the global optimum. Therefore, to explore the potential benefits and differences between the varieties of these algorithms available, when applied to such design scenarios, we have carried out a detailed study of some commonly used algorithms. For this purpose, we have developed a new general optimization software package which combines a number of common metaheuristic algorithms within a single user interface and is designed specifically with neutronic calculations in mind. The algorithms included in the software are implementations of Particle-Swarm Optimization (PSO), Differential Evolution (DE), Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), and a Genetic Algorithm (GA). The software has been used to optimize the design of several problems in neutron optics and shielding, coupled with Monte Carlo simulations, in order to evaluate the performance of the various algorithms. Generally, the performance of the algorithms depended on the specific scenarios, however it was found that DE provided the best average solutions in all scenarios investigated in this work.
Published: 2016
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35. Characterization of the radiation background at the Spallation Neutron Source

Author: Dijulio, D. D., Cherkashyna, N., Scherzinger, J., Khaplanov, A., Pfeiffer, D., Cooper-Jensen, C. P., Fissum, K. G., Kanaki, K., Kirstein, O., Ehlers, G., Gallmeier, F. X., Hornbach, D. E., Iverson, E. B., Newby, R. J., Hall-Wilton, Richard J., Bentley, P. M., Dijulio, D. D., Cherkashyna, N., Scherzinger, J., Khaplanov, A., Pfeiffer, D., Cooper-Jensen, C. P., Fissum, K. G., Kanaki, K., Kirstein, O., Ehlers, G., Gallmeier, F. X., Hornbach, D. E., Iverson, E. B., Newby, R. J., Hall-Wilton, Richard J., and Bentley, P. M.
Abstract: We present a survey of the radiation background at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, USA during routine daily operation. A broad range of detectors was used to characterize primarily the neutron and photon fields throughout the facility. These include a WENDI-2 extended range dosimeter, a thermoscientific NRD, an Arktis 4He detector, and a standard NaI photon detector. The information gathered from the detectors was used to map out the neutron dose rates throughout the facility and also the neutron dose rate and flux profiles of several different beamlines. The survey provides detailed information useful for developing future shielding concepts at spallation neutron sources, such as the European Spallation Source (ESS), currently under construction in Lund, Sweden.
Published: 2016
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36. Relativistic Coulomb excitation of Kr-88

Author: Moschner, K., Blazhev, A., Jolie, J., Warr, N., Boutachkov, P., Bednarczyk, P., Sieja, K., Algora, A., Ameil, F., Bentley, M. A., Brambilla, S., Braun, N., Camera, F., Cederkaell, J., Corsi, A., Danchev, M., DiJulio, D., Fahlander, C., Gerl, J., Giaz, A., Golubev, P., Gorska, M., Grebosz, J., Habermann, T., Hackstein, M., Hoischen, R., Kojouharov, I., Kurz, N., Margincan, N., Merchan, E., Moeller, T., Naqvi, F., Singh, B. S. Nara, Nociforo, C., Pietralla, N., Pietri, S., Podolyak, Zs., Prochazka, A., Reese, M., Reiter, P., Rudigier, M., Rudolph, D., Sava, T., Schaffner, H., Scruton, L., Taprogge, J., Thomas, T., Weick, H., Wendt, A., Wieland, O., Wollersheim, H. -J., Moschner, K., Blazhev, A., Jolie, J., Warr, N., Boutachkov, P., Bednarczyk, P., Sieja, K., Algora, A., Ameil, F., Bentley, M. A., Brambilla, S., Braun, N., Camera, F., Cederkaell, J., Corsi, A., Danchev, M., DiJulio, D., Fahlander, C., Gerl, J., Giaz, A., Golubev, P., Gorska, M., Grebosz, J., Habermann, T., Hackstein, M., Hoischen, R., Kojouharov, I., Kurz, N., Margincan, N., Merchan, E., Moeller, T., Naqvi, F., Singh, B. S. Nara, Nociforo, C., Pietralla, N., Pietri, S., Podolyak, Zs., Prochazka, A., Reese, M., Reiter, P., Rudigier, M., Rudolph, D., Sava, T., Schaffner, H., Scruton, L., Taprogge, J., Thomas, T., Weick, H., Wendt, A., Wieland, O., and Wollersheim, H. -J.
Abstract: To investigate the systematics of mixed-symmetry states in N = 52 isotones, a relativistic Coulomb excitation experiment was performed during the PreSPEC campaign at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung to determine E2 transition strengths to 2(+) states of the radioactive nucleus Kr-88. Absolute transition rates could be measured towards the first and third 2+ states. For the latter a mixed-symmetry character is suggested on the basis of the indication for a strong M1 transition to the fully symmetric 2(1)(+) state, extending the knowledge of the N = 52 isotones below Z = 40. A comparison with the proton-neutron interacting boson model and shell-model predictions is made and supports the assignment.
Published: 2016

37. Relativistic Coulomb excitation of 88Kr

Author: Moschner, K., Blazhev, A., Jolie, J., Warr, N., Boutachkov, P., Bednarczyk, P., Sieja, K., Algora, A., Ameil, F., Bentley, M. A., Brambilla, S., Braun, N., Camera, F., Cederkäll, J., Corsi, A., Danchev, M., Dijulio, D., Fahlander, C., Gerl, J., Giaz, A., Golubev, P., Górska, M., Grebosz, J., Habermann, T., Hackstein, M., Hoischen, R., Kojouharov, I., Kurz, N., Mǎrginean, N., Merchán, E., Möller, T., Naqvi, F., Nara Singh, B. S., Nociforo, C., Pietralla, N., Pietri, S., Podolyák, Zs, Prochazka, A., Reese, M., Reiter, P., Rudigier, M., Rudolph, D., Sava, T., Schaffner, H., Scruton, L., Taprogge, J., Thomas, T., Weick, H., Wendt, A., Wieland, O., Wollersheim, H. J., Moschner, K., Blazhev, A., Jolie, J., Warr, N., Boutachkov, P., Bednarczyk, P., Sieja, K., Algora, A., Ameil, F., Bentley, M. A., Brambilla, S., Braun, N., Camera, F., Cederkäll, J., Corsi, A., Danchev, M., Dijulio, D., Fahlander, C., Gerl, J., Giaz, A., Golubev, P., Górska, M., Grebosz, J., Habermann, T., Hackstein, M., Hoischen, R., Kojouharov, I., Kurz, N., Mǎrginean, N., Merchán, E., Möller, T., Naqvi, F., Nara Singh, B. S., Nociforo, C., Pietralla, N., Pietri, S., Podolyák, Zs, Prochazka, A., Reese, M., Reiter, P., Rudigier, M., Rudolph, D., Sava, T., Schaffner, H., Scruton, L., Taprogge, J., Thomas, T., Weick, H., Wendt, A., Wieland, O., and Wollersheim, H. J.
Abstract: To investigate the systematics of mixed-symmetry states in N=52 isotones, a relativistic Coulomb excitation experiment was performed during the PreSPEC campaign at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung to determine E2 transition strengths to 2+ states of the radioactive nucleus 88Kr. Absolute transition rates could be measured towards the first and third 2+ states. For the latter a mixed-symmetry character is suggested on the basis of the indication for a strong M1 transition to the fully symmetric 2+1 state, extending the knowledge of the N=52 isotones below Z=40. A comparison with the proton-neutron interacting boson model and shell-model predictions is made and supports the assignment.
Published: 2016

38. Isospin symmetry in the sd shell: Transition strengths in the neutron-deficient sd shell nucleus Ar-33

Author: Wendt, A, Taprogge, J, Reiter, P, Golubev, P, Grawe, H, Pietri, S, Boutachkov, P, Algora, A, Ameil, F, Bentley, MA, Blazhev, A, Bloor, D, Bondili, NS, Bowry, M, Bracco, A, Braun, N, Camera, F, Cederkall, J, Crespi, F, de la Salle, A, DiJulio, D, Doornenbal, P, Geibel, K, Gellanki, J, Gerl, J, Grebosz, J, Guastalla, G, Habermann, T, Hackstein, M, Hoischen, R, Jungclaus, A, Merchan, E, Million, B, Morales, A, Moschner, K, Podolyak, Z, Pietralla, N, Ralet, D, Reese, M, Rudolph, D, Scruton, L, Siebeck, B, Warr, N, Wieland, O, and Wollersheim, HJ
Subjects: Nuclear Theory, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Reduced transition strengths of the deexciting transitions from the first two excited states in 33Ar were measured in a relativistic Coulomb excitation experiment at the GSI Helmholtz center. The radioactive ion beam was produced by fragmentation of a primary 36Ar beam on a 9Be target followed by the selection of the reaction product of interest via the GSI Fragment Separator. The 33Ar beam hit a secondary 197Au target with an energy of approximately 145 MeV/nucleon. An array of high-purity germanium cluster detectors and large-volume BaF2 scintillator detectors were employed for γ -ray spectroscopy at the secondary target position. The Lund-York-Cologne Calorimeter was used to track the outgoing ions and to identify the nuclear reaction channels. For the two lowest energy excited states of 33Ar the reduced transition strengths have been determined. With these first results the Tz = −3/2 nucleus 33Ar is now, together with 21Na (Tz = −1/2), the only neutron-deficient odd-A sd shell nucleus in which experimental transition strengths are available. The experimental values are compared to results of shell-model calculations which describe simultaneously mirror-energy differences and transition-strength values of mirror pairs in the sd shell in a consistent way
Published: 2014

39. Relativistic Coulomb excitation of Kr88

Author: Moschner, K., primary, Blazhev, A., additional, Jolie, J., additional, Warr, N., additional, Boutachkov, P., additional, Bednarczyk, P., additional, Sieja, K., additional, Algora, A., additional, Ameil, F., additional, Bentley, M. A., additional, Brambilla, S., additional, Braun, N., additional, Camera, F., additional, Cederkäll, J., additional, Corsi, A., additional, Danchev, M., additional, DiJulio, D., additional, Fahlander, C., additional, Gerl, J., additional, Giaz, A., additional, Golubev, P., additional, Górska, M., additional, Grebosz, J., additional, Habermann, T., additional, Hackstein, M., additional, Hoischen, R., additional, Kojouharov, I., additional, Kurz, N., additional, Mărginean, N., additional, Merchán, E., additional, Möller, T., additional, Naqvi, F., additional, Nara Singh, B. S., additional, Nociforo, C., additional, Pietralla, N., additional, Pietri, S., additional, Podolyák, Zs., additional, Prochazka, A., additional, Reese, M., additional, Reiter, P., additional, Rudigier, M., additional, Rudolph, D., additional, Sava, T., additional, Schaffner, H., additional, Scruton, L., additional, Taprogge, J., additional, Thomas, T., additional, Weick, H., additional, Wendt, A., additional, Wieland, O., additional, and Wollersheim, H.-J., additional
Published: 2016
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40. High-energy in-beam neutron measurements of metal-based shielding for accelerator-driven spallation neutron sources

Author: DiJulio, D. D., primary, Cooper-Jensen, C. P., additional, Björgvinsdóttir, H., additional, Kokai, Z., additional, and Bentley, P. M., additional
Published: 2016
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41. Nuclear astrophysics with radioactive ions at FAIR

Author: Reifarth, R, primary, Altstadt, S, additional, Göbel, K, additional, Heftrich, T, additional, Heil, M, additional, Koloczek, A, additional, Langer, C, additional, Plag, R, additional, Pohl, M, additional, Sonnabend, K, additional, Weigand, M, additional, Adachi, T, additional, Aksouh, F, additional, Al-Khalili, J, additional, AlGarawi, M, additional, AlGhamdi, S, additional, Alkhazov, G, additional, Alkhomashi, N, additional, Alvarez-Pol, H, additional, Alvarez-Rodriguez, R, additional, Andreev, V, additional, Andrei, B, additional, Atar, L, additional, Aumann, T, additional, Avdeichikov, V, additional, Bacri, C, additional, Bagchi, S, additional, Barbieri, C, additional, Beceiro, S, additional, Beck, C, additional, Beinrucker, C, additional, Belier, G, additional, Bemmerer, D, additional, Bendel, M, additional, Benlliure, J, additional, Benzoni, G, additional, Berjillos, R, additional, Bertini, D, additional, Bertulani, C, additional, Bishop, S, additional, Blasi, N, additional, Bloch, T, additional, Blumenfeld, Y, additional, Bonaccorso, A, additional, Boretzky, K, additional, Botvina, A, additional, Boudard, A, additional, Boutachkov, P, additional, Boztosun, I, additional, Bracco, A, additional, Brambilla, S, additional, Monago, J Briz, additional, Caamano, M, additional, Caesar, C, additional, Camera, F, additional, Casarejos, E, additional, Catford, W, additional, Cederkall, J, additional, Cederwall, B, additional, Chartier, M, additional, Chatillon, A, additional, Cherciu, M, additional, Chulkov, L, additional, Coleman-Smith, P, additional, Cortina-Gil, D, additional, Crespi, F, additional, Crespo, R, additional, Cresswell, J, additional, Csatlós, M, additional, Déchery, F, additional, Davids, B, additional, Davinson, T, additional, Derya, V, additional, Detistov, P, additional, Fernandez, P Diaz, additional, DiJulio, D, additional, Dmitry, S, additional, Doré, D, additional, Dueñas, J, additional, Dupont, E, additional, Egelhof, P, additional, Egorova, I, additional, Elekes, Z, additional, Enders, J, additional, Endres, J, additional, Ershov, S, additional, Ershova, O, additional, Fernandez-Dominguez, B, additional, Fetisov, A, additional, Fiori, E, additional, Fomichev, A, additional, Fonseca, M, additional, Fraile, L, additional, Freer, M, additional, Friese, J, additional, Borge, M G., additional, Redondo, D Galaviz, additional, Gannon, S, additional, Garg, U, additional, Gasparic, I, additional, Gasques, L, additional, Gastineau, B, additional, Geissel, H, additional, Gernhäuser, R, additional, Ghosh, T, additional, Gilbert, M, additional, Glorius, J, additional, Golubev, P, additional, Gorshkov, A, additional, Gourishetty, A, additional, Grigorenko, L, additional, Gulyas, J, additional, Haiduc, M, additional, Hammache, F, additional, Harakeh, M, additional, Hass, M, additional, Heine, M, additional, Hennig, A, additional, Henriques, A, additional, Herzberg, R, additional, Holl, M, additional, Ignatov, A, additional, Ignatyuk, A, additional, Ilieva, S, additional, Ivanov, M, additional, Iwasa, N, additional, Jakobsson, B, additional, Johansson, H, additional, Jonson, B, additional, Joshi, P, additional, Junghans, A, additional, Jurado, B, additional, Körner, G, additional, Kalantar, N, additional, Kanungo, R, additional, Kelic-Heil, A, additional, Kezzar, K, additional, Khan, E, additional, Khanzadeev, A, additional, Kiselev, O, additional, Kogimtzis, M, additional, Körper, D, additional, Kräckmann, S, additional, Kröll, T, additional, Krücken, R, additional, Krasznahorkay, A, additional, Kratz, J, additional, Kresan, D, additional, Krings, T, additional, Krumbholz, A, additional, Krupko, S, additional, Kulessa, R, additional, Kumar, S, additional, Kurz, N, additional, Kuzmin, E, additional, Labiche, M, additional, Langanke, K, additional, Lazarus, I, additional, Bleis, T Le, additional, Lederer, C, additional, Lemasson, A, additional, Lemmon, R, additional, Liberati, V, additional, Litvinov, Y, additional, Löher, B, additional, Herraiz, J Lopez, additional, Münzenberg, G, additional, Machado, J, additional, Maev, E, additional, Mahata, K, additional, Mancusi, D, additional, Marganiec, J, additional, Perez, M Martinez, additional, Marusov, V, additional, Mengoni, D, additional, Million, B, additional, Morcelle, V, additional, Moreno, O, additional, Movsesyan, A, additional, Nacher, E, additional, Najafi, M, additional, Nakamura, T, additional, Naqvi, F, additional, Nikolski, E, additional, Nilsson, T, additional, Nociforo, C, additional, Nolan, P, additional, Novatsky, B, additional, Nyman, G, additional, Ornelas, A, additional, Palit, R, additional, Pandit, S, additional, Panin, V, additional, Paradela, C, additional, Parkar, V, additional, Paschalis, S, additional, Pawłowski, P, additional, Perea, A, additional, Pereira, J, additional, Petrache, C, additional, Petri, M, additional, Pickstone, S, additional, Pietralla, N, additional, Pietri, S, additional, Pivovarov, Y, additional, Potlog, P, additional, Prokofiev, A, additional, Rastrepina, G, additional, Rauscher, T, additional, Ribeiro, G, additional, Ricciardi, M, additional, Richter, A, additional, Rigollet, C, additional, Riisager, K, additional, Rios, A, additional, Ritter, C, additional, Frutos, T Rodriguez, additional, Vignote, J Rodriguez, additional, Röder, M, additional, Romig, C, additional, Rossi, D, additional, Roussel-Chomaz, P, additional, Rout, P, additional, Roy, S, additional, Söderström, P, additional, Sarkar, M Saha, additional, Sakuta, S, additional, Salsac, M, additional, Sampson, J, additional, Sanchez, J, additional, Saez, del Rio, additional, Rosado, J Sanchez, additional, Sanjari, S, additional, Sarriguren, P, additional, Sauerwein, A, additional, Savran, D, additional, Scheidenberger, C, additional, Scheit, H, additional, Schmidt, S, additional, Schmitt, C, additional, Schnorrenberger, L, additional, Schrock, P, additional, Schwengner, R, additional, Seddon, D, additional, Sherrill, B, additional, Shrivastava, A, additional, Sidorchuk, S, additional, Silva, J, additional, Simon, H, additional, Simpson, E, additional, Singh, P, additional, Slobodan, D, additional, Sohler, D, additional, Spieker, M, additional, Stach, D, additional, Stan, E, additional, Stanoiu, M, additional, Stepantsov, S, additional, Stevenson, P, additional, Strieder, F, additional, Stuhl, L, additional, Suda, T, additional, Sümmerer, K, additional, Streicher, B, additional, Taieb, J, additional, Takechi, M, additional, Tanihata, I, additional, Taylor, J, additional, Tengblad, O, additional, Ter-Akopian, G, additional, Terashima, S, additional, Teubig, P, additional, Thies, R, additional, Thoennessen, M, additional, Thomas, T, additional, Thornhill, J, additional, Thungstrom, G, additional, Timar, J, additional, Togano, Y, additional, Tomohiro, U, additional, Tornyi, T, additional, Tostevin, J, additional, Townsley, C, additional, Trautmann, W, additional, Trivedi, T, additional, Typel, S, additional, Uberseder, E, additional, Udias, J, additional, Uesaka, T, additional, Uvarov, L, additional, Vajta, Z, additional, Velho, P, additional, Vikhrov, V, additional, Volknandt, M, additional, Volkov, V, additional, von Neumann-Cosel, P, additional, von Schmid, M, additional, Wagner, A, additional, Wamers, F, additional, Weick, H, additional, Wells, D, additional, Westerberg, L, additional, Wieland, O, additional, Wiescher, M, additional, Wimmer, C, additional, Wimmer, K, additional, Winfield, J S, additional, Winkel, M, additional, Woods, P, additional, Wyss, R, additional, Yakorev, D, additional, Yavor, M, additional, Cardona, J Zamora, additional, Zartova, I, additional, Zerguerras, T, additional, Zgura, M, additional, Zhdanov, A, additional, Zhukov, M, additional, Zieblinski, M, additional, Zilges, A, additional, and Zuber, K, additional
Published: 2016
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42. Low-energy Coulomb excitation of Fe-62 and Mn-62 following in-beam decay of Mn-62

Author: Gaffney, L. P., Van de Walle, J., Bastin, B., Bildstein, V., Blazhev, A., Bree, N., Cederkall, J., Darby, I., De Witte, H., DiJulio, D., Diriken, J., Fedosseev, V. N., Fransen, Ch., Gernhaeuser, R., Gustafsson, A., Hess, H., Huyse, M., Kesteloot, N., Kroell, Th., Lutter, R., Marsh, B. A., Reiter, P., Seidlitz, M., Van Duppen, P., Voulot, D., Warr, N., Wenander, F., Wimmer, K., Wrzosek-Lipska, K., Gaffney, L. P., Van de Walle, J., Bastin, B., Bildstein, V., Blazhev, A., Bree, N., Cederkall, J., Darby, I., De Witte, H., DiJulio, D., Diriken, J., Fedosseev, V. N., Fransen, Ch., Gernhaeuser, R., Gustafsson, A., Hess, H., Huyse, M., Kesteloot, N., Kroell, Th., Lutter, R., Marsh, B. A., Reiter, P., Seidlitz, M., Van Duppen, P., Voulot, D., Warr, N., Wenander, F., Wimmer, K., and Wrzosek-Lipska, K.
Abstract: Sub-barrier Coulomb excitation was performed on a mixed beam of Mn-62 and Fe-62, following in-trap beta(-) decay of Mn-62 at REX-ISOLDE, CERN. The trapping and charge breeding times were varied in order to alter the composition of the beam, which was measured by means of an ionisation chamber at the zero-angle position of the Miniball array. A new transition was observed at 418 keV, which has been tentatively associated to a (2(+),3(+)) -> 1(g.s.)(+) transition. This fixes the relative positions of the beta-decaying 4(+) and 1(+) states in Mn-62 for the first time. Population of the 2 (+)(1) state was observed in Fe-62 and the cross-section determined by normalisation to the Ag-109 target excitation, confirming the B(E2) value measured in recoil-distance lifetime experiments.
Published: 2015

43. Effects of benzo(a)pyrene on early development of flatfish

Author: Hose, J. E., Hannah, J. B., DiJulio, D., Landolt, M. L., Miller, B. S., Iwaoka, W. T., and Felton, S. P.
Published: 1982
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44. Coulomb excitation of Sn104 and the strength of the Sn100 shell closure

Author: Guastalla, G., Dijulio, D. D., Górska, M., Jungclaus, Andrea, Algora, Alejandro, Domingo Pardo, César, Winfield, J. S., and Wollersheim, H. J.
Subjects: [PACS] Shell model, [PACS] Electromagnetic transitions, Nuclear Theory, Nuclear Experiment, [PACS] Relation with nuclear matrix elements and nuclear structure
Abstract: A measurement of the reduced transition probability for the excitation of the ground state to the first 2+ state in Sn104 has been performed using relativistic Coulomb excitation at GSI. Sn104 is the lightest isotope in the Sn chain for which this quantity has been measured. The result is a key point in the discussion of the evolution of nuclear structure in the proximity of the doubly magic nucleus Sn100. The value B(E2;0+→2 +)=0.10(4) e2b2 is significantly lower than earlier results for Sn106 and heavier isotopes. The result is well reproduced by shell model predictions and therefore indicates a robust N=Z=50 shell closure. © 2013 American Physical Society., A. J. would like to thank the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacin for financial support under Contract No. FPA2011-29854-C04.
Published: 2013

45. Coulomb Excitation of Sn 104 and the Strength of the Sn 100 Shell Closure

Author: Guastalla, G., DiJulio, D., Górska, M., Cederkäll, J., Boutachkov, P., Golubev, P., Pietri, S., Grawe, H., Nowacki, F., Sieja, K., Algora, A., Ameil, F., Arici, T., Atac, A., Bentley, M., Blazhev, A., Bloor, D., Brambilla, S., Braun, N., Camera, F., Dombrádi, Zs., Domingo Pardo, C., Estrade, A., Farinon, F., Gerl, J., Goel, N., Grȩbosz, J., Habermann, T., Hoischen, R., Jansson, K., Jolie, J., Jungclaus, A., Kojouharov, I., Knoebel, R., Kumar, R., Kurcewicz, J., Kurz, N., Lalović, N., Merchan, E., Moschner, K., Naqvi, F., Nara Singh, B., Nyberg, J., Nociforo, C., Obertelli, A., Pfützner, M., Pietralla, N., Podolyák, Z., Prochazka, A., Ralet, D., Reiter, P., Rudolph, D., Schaffner, H., Schirru, F., Scruton, L., Sohler, D., Swaleh, T., Taprogge, J., Vajta, Zs., Wadsworth, R., Warr, N., Weick, H., Wendt, A., Wieland, O., Winfield, J., Wollersheim, H., Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2013
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46. Coulomb excitation of 104Sn and the strength of the 100Sn shell closure

Author: Guastalla, G., DiJulio, D. D., Górska, M., Cederkäll, J., Boutachkov, P., Golubev, P., Pietri, S., Grawe, H., Nowacki, F., Sieja, K., Algora, Alejandro, Ameil, F., Arici, T., Ataç, A., Bentley, M. A., Blazhev, A., Bloor, D., Brambilla, S., Braun, N., Camera, F., Dombrádi, Zsolt, Domingo Pardo, C., Estrade, A., Farinon, F., Gerl, J., Goel, N., Grębosz, J., Habermann, T., Hoischen, R., Jansson, K., Jolie, J., Jungclaus, A., Kojouharov, I., Knoebel, R., Kumar, R., Kurcewicz, J., Kurz, N., Lalović, N., Merchan, E., Moschner, K., Naqvi, F., Nara Singh, B. S., Nyberg, J., Nociforo, C., Obertelli, A., Pfützner, M., Pietralla, N., Podolyák, Zs., Prochazka, A., Ralet, D., Reiter, P., Rudolph, D., Schaffner, H., Schirru, F., Scruton, L., Sohler, Dóra, Swaleh, T., Taprogge, Jan, Vajta, Zsolt, Wadsworth, R., Warr, N., Weick, H., Wendt, A., Wieland, O., Winfield, J. S., and Wollersheim, H. J.
Subjects: Természettudományok, Fizikai tudományok
Abstract: A measurement of the reduced transition probability for the excitation of the ground state to the first 2+ state in 104Sn has been performed using relativistic Coulomb excitation at GSI. 104Sn is the lightest isotope in the Sn chain for which this quantity has been measured. The result is a key point in the discussion of the evolution of nuclear structure in the proximity of the doubly magic nucleus 100Sn. The value B(E2; 0+ → 2+) = 0.10(4) e2b2 is significantly lower than earlier results for 106Sn and heavier isotopes. The result is well reproduced by shell model predictions and therefore indicates a robust N = Z = 50 shell closure.
Published: 2013

47. Excitation strengths in 109Sn: Single-neutron and collective excitations near 100Sn

Author: DiJulio, D D, Cederkall, J, Fahlander, C, Ekstrom, A, Hjorth-Jensen, M, Albers, M, Bildstein, V, Blazhev, A, Darby, I, Davinson, T, De Witte, H, Diriken, J, Fransen, Ch, Geibel, K, Gernhauser, R, Gorgen, A, Hess, H, Iwanicki, J, Lutter, R, Reiter, P, Scheck, M, Seidlitz, M, Siem, S, Taprogge, J, Tveten, G M, Van de Walle, J, Voulot, D, Warr, N, Wenander, F, and Wimmer, K
Subjects: Physics::Accelerator Physics, Nuclear Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: A set of B(E2) values for the low-lying excited states in the radioactive isotope 109Sn were deduced from a Coulomb excitation experiment. The 2.87-MeV/u radioactive beam was produced at the REX-ISOLDE facility at CERN and was incident on a secondary 58Ni target. The B(E2) values were determined using the known 2+ → 0+ reduced transition probability in 58Ni as normalization with the semi-classical Coulomb excitation code GOSIA2. The transition probabilities are compared to shell-model calculations based on a realistic nucleon-nucleon interaction and the predictions of a simple core-excitation model. This measurement represents the first determination of multiple B(E2) values in a light Sn nucleus using the Coulomb excitation technique with low-energy radioactive beams. The results provide constraints for the single-neutron states relative to 100Sn and also indicate the importance of both single-neutron and collective excitations in the light Sn isotopes. ispartof: Physical Review C, Nuclear Physics vol:86 issue:3 status: published
Published: 2012

48. Low-energy Coulomb excitation of 62Fe and 62Mn following in-beam decay of 62Mn

Author: Gaffney, L. P., primary, Van de Walle, J., additional, Bastin, B., additional, Bildstein, V., additional, Blazhev, A., additional, Bree, N., additional, Cederkäll, J., additional, Darby, I., additional, De Witte, H., additional, DiJulio, D., additional, Diriken, J., additional, Fedosseev, V. N., additional, Fransen, Ch., additional, Gernhäuser, R., additional, Gustafsson, A., additional, Hess, H., additional, Huyse, M., additional, Kesteloot, N., additional, Kröll, Th., additional, Lutter, R., additional, Marsh, B. A., additional, Reiter, P., additional, Seidlitz, M., additional, Van Duppen, P., additional, Voulot, D., additional, Warr, N., additional, Wenander, F., additional, Wimmer, K., additional, and Wrzosek-Lipska, K., additional
Published: 2015
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49. Collectivity in the light radon nuclei measured directly via Coulomb excitation

Author: Gaffney, L. P., primary, Robinson, A. P., additional, Jenkins, D. G., additional, Andreyev, A. N., additional, Bender, M., additional, Blazhev, A., additional, Bree, N., additional, Bruyneel, B., additional, Butler, P. A., additional, Cocolios, T. E., additional, Davinson, T., additional, Deacon, A. N., additional, De Witte, H., additional, DiJulio, D., additional, Diriken, J., additional, Ekström, A., additional, Fransen, Ch., additional, Freeman, S. J., additional, Geibel, K., additional, Grahn, T., additional, Hadinia, B., additional, Hass, M., additional, Heenen, P.-H., additional, Hess, H., additional, Huyse, M., additional, Jakobsson, U., additional, Kesteloot, N., additional, Konki, J., additional, Kröll, Th., additional, Kumar, V., additional, Ivanov, O., additional, Martin-Haugh, S., additional, Mücher, D., additional, Orlandi, R., additional, Pakarinen, J., additional, Petts, A., additional, Peura, P., additional, Rahkila, P., additional, Reiter, P., additional, Scheck, M., additional, Seidlitz, M., additional, Singh, K., additional, Smith, J. F., additional, Van de Walle, J., additional, Van Duppen, P., additional, Voulot, D., additional, Wadsworth, R., additional, Warr, N., additional, Wenander, F., additional, Wimmer, K., additional, Wrzosek-Lipska, K., additional, and Zielińska, M., additional
Published: 2015
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50. Transfer reactions and multiple Coulomb excitation in the $^{100}$Sn region

Author: Cederkall, J, DiJulio, D, Hoischen, R, Gellanki, J, Golubev, P, Rudolph, D, Siem, S, Goergen, A, Tveten, G, Butler, PA, Joss, DT, Scheck, M, Blazhev, A, Jolie, J, Warr, N, Braun, N, Reiter, P, Jenkins, DG, Wadsworth, R, Freeman, S, Iwanicki, J, Napiorkowski, P, Zielinska, M, Huyse, M, van Duppen, P, Krucken, R, van de Walle, J, Davinson, T, Kroll, Th, Leske, J, Pietralla, N, Grahn, T, Voulot, D, and Wenander, F
Subjects: Detectors and Experimental Techniques
Published: 2010

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