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The article presents the results of the analysis of the changes that have taken place in the legal system of the Netherlands under the influence of digitalization, in particular in the area of property relations regulation. Positive experience in the Netherlands in the implementation of digital technologies in the field of maintaining a number of state registers, which have a direct connection with the mechanism of proper exercise of property rights, has been revealed. The gradual changes that took place from 1996 to today have been clarified. A review of the authentic register of buildings, which contains information on buildings, objects and permanent sites (berths) and has been in operation since July 1, 2011, was carried out. It is emphasized that in the regulation of property registers, special importance is attached to the protection of personal data, in particular, the current Law on the Protection of Personal Data (adopted on May 25, 2018) was analyzed. This legislative act maximally takes into account EU requirements in the field of recording and use of personal data. A Personal Data Base (BRP) has been created separately, which contains personal data of people living in the Netherlands (residents), and citizens living abroad and other non-residents. It was revealed that the Netherlands plans to transform the system of basic registers into a Unified Data System in the coming years. This development is part of the interagency data strategy program. Research has shown that using core registries is not always straightforward, especially for those trying to combine data from multiple registries. The main focus in the coming years will be on streamlining the process of extracting data from sources and their further integrated use, even for sectors and purposes that were not initially envisaged. Analyzed the legal principles and practice of electronic procurement in the Netherlands. A review of judicial practice regarding consideration of the issue of ownership of digital data was carried out. It was established that the issues regarding the adoption of special acts on the regulation of the use of artificial intelligence, the recognition of cryptocurrencies and the owner ship of digital data are unresolved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obtaining reliable and timely estimates of migration flows is critical for advancing the migration theory and guiding policy decisions, but it remains a challenge. Digital data provide granular information on time and space, but do not draw from representative samples of the population, leading to biased estimates. We propose a method for combining digital data and official statistics by using the official statistics to model the spatial and temporal dependence structure of the biases of digital data. We use simulations to demonstrate the validity of the model, then empirically illustrate our approach by combining geo-located Twitter data with data from the American Community Survey (ACS) to estimate state-level out-migration probabilities in the United States. We show that our model, which combines unbiased and biased data, produces predictions that are more accurate than predictions based solely on unbiased data. Our approach demonstrates how digital data can be used to complement, rather than replace, official statistics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Course‐based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) can be a powerful tool in broadening participation in undergraduate research. In this paper, we review the benefits of and barriers to undergraduate research experiences and explore how CUREs can mitigate some of those issues. As a part of the NSF‐supported Biological Collections in Ecology and Evolution Network (BCEENET) activities, a series of network meetings produced a set of recommendations to increase the accessibility of CUREs for all students at all institution types. We use BCEENET CUREs that focus on digitized natural history collections data to illustrate how leveraging adaptable open educational resources that use freely available data and analysis tools can increase accessibility of undergraduate research. We also discuss how inclusive networks of educators and research collaborators can support broadening CURE implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding societal interest in invasive species is crucial as greater public attention can support the success of conservation efforts. One of the main challenges in monitoring societal interest to support conservation is the absence of near-real-time indicators to track large-scale spatiotemporal dynamics of public attention. However, the digital revolution has opened up new opportunities to develop such indicators in support of invasive species research and management. Here, we aim to evaluate public awareness and interest in the invasive lionfish (Pterois miles) in the Mediterranean Sea and investigate spatiotemporal patterns of public interest in the species along its invasion front by using Google search volumes as a proxy for public attention. We implemented topic searches for the lionfish to download Google search volumes from 2013 to 2022 and used these data to test two hypotheses: (1) countries experiencing lionfish invasion exhibit higher public attention than those without lionfish, and (2) in invaded countries, public attention peaks around the arrival year, followed by a decline to baseline levels. Our study confirmed the first hypothesis, showing higher public attention in invaded countries. However, temporal patterns of attention did not fully align with the year of lionfish arrival, suggesting that the socio-political complexity of the region (e.g., cultural trends or internet accessibility), may be a key aspect to consider in future studies. Overall our study shows that digital data sources provide a unique opportunity to monitor social aspects of biological invasions with low associated costs and quick access to a great amount of data generated by internet users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research note introduces the experience of using 'timelines' as a visual research method during online interviewing. It does so through a series of questions and answers that guide the reader through an exploration, understanding of and reflection on the method. This qualitative approach was used while conducting research on the influence that participation in a Reality TV show had on its finalists, and on the opportunities and life choices that were afforded to participants after the end of the show. The reader is encouraged to draw links between their own work as a qualitative researcher and the possibilities that this method can offer either in filling gaps or in expanding their current endeavour. Ultimately, the 'quality' of the answers we find in our qualitative work is illustrative of the way we choose to ask our questions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital technology in education includes artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, cloud computing, etc. contributes to transforming teaching methods from traditional to digital environment. This article presents the levels and characteristics of digital technology in education according to the ecosystem approach in general education in Vietnam. Based on this structure, digital technology ensures convenient, rich access to digital transformation, open connection, increased collaboration, and high automation in education, helping educational institutions, administrators, teachers, and students adapt to rapidly developing and sustainable digital technologies.

Copyright of Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos is the property of El Colegio de Mexico AC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the complex relationship between individual identity and its claims for recognition and protection by the legal system, the right to be forgotten is crucial, because it addresses a personal, social and legal definition of the individual as authentically as possible and highlights the uniqueness of each identity, with changes experienced in the temporal dimension. The lack of distinction in real life between the physical world and the analogue context traces new spatial and temporal coordinates, able to profoundly redefine the traditional categories of identity and difference, as well as to modify the usual dynamics of personal and social inclusion and exclusion, submitting identity to a process of dismemberment that makes the individual a complex 'informational organism'. The multiple connections between the right to be forgotten and the protection of personal identity are confirmed by the most recent developments of European legislation and, in particular, in Italian jurisprudence, which outlines it as an identity claim in order to obtain a correct representation of oneself, resulting in the guarantee offered by the legal system of reconfiguring one's telematic image. This describes an evolving and comprehensive right capable of protecting the originality of the individual and his/her representation and relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the current article is to evaluate social responsibility, digital ethics, and knowledge about safe data storage among students of different ages. Four hundred students took part in the study: 200 people each in the first and fifth years of study. Their ages were 19.2 years (SD = 1.08) and 24.4 years (SD = 1.18), respectively. The research tools were the Chinese University Students' Social Responsibility Scale (CUSSRS), the Digital Ethics Level Scale (SLDE), and the Cyber Security Awareness Survey (CSA). It was found that with age, the indicators of Social Responsibility become higher. Digital Ethics also increases with age: in the category of Privacy and Data Protection, first-year students had a mean value of 11.49 versus 16.04 of fifth-year students; in the Ethical Use of Technology – 12.05 versus 16.49; in Digital Security − 11.02 versus 15.00, respectively. At the same time, the Digital Accessibility subscale was the same for the two groups, without significant differences. In addition, the value of Cybersecurity Awareness was higher among fifth-year students with an indicator of 58.86 against an indicator of 46.33 for first-year students, that is, it was 12.53 higher. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim Materials and Methods Results Conclusion A new, non‐invasive approach suggests using single intraoral optical scanning to analyze the ridge profile of single‐tooth gaps following alveolar ridge preservation in the absence of a baseline scan. This method involves creating a three‐dimensional (3D) surface map to identify and assess contour changes and ridge profiles based on the adjacent teeth.The present study was designed as a cross‐sectional pilot analysis on a convenience sample of patients undergoing alveolar ridge preservation. Intraoral optical scans were taken on 23 patients, capturing data from 30 edentulous sites. The digital models were then imported into an image analysis software for a 3D surface defect map analysis performed by one examiner. This analysis characterized the buccolingual profile of the single tooth gap relative to the adjacent teeth. 10 linear divergence points, spaced 0.5 mm apart in a corona‐apical direction, were identified at the midfacial aspect of the sites. Based on these points the sites were plotted and grouped in three different buccolingual profiles (linear, concave, and convex). Clinical parameters including Keratinized mucosa Width (KMW), and soft tissue phenotype with Colorvue biotype probes were also recorded.Three different buccolingual patterns (linear, convex, and concave) were identified. Seven sites exhibited a linear profile, 10 sites displayed a concave shape, and 13 showed a convex profile. The linear profile had surface discrepancies similar to the neighboring teeth. In contrast, the convex profile revealed mid‐buccal discrepancy localized only at the crestal aspect, while the concave had an extended divergence ranging from 1 to 5 mm below the soft tissue margin. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses did not reveal any statistically significant variables influencing profilometric analysis; however, when combining phenotype and KMW, thick phenotypes demonstrated a higher proportion of concavity (OR = 4.83) compared to thin ones, suggesting a significant trend. With every 1 mm of increase in KMW, the probability of showing a concavity decreased (p = 0.057).A 3D surface defect map represents a useful tool for objectively quantifying ridge defects and profiles by assessing profilometric and surface differences compared to adjacent dentition using a single intraoral scan. This method also indicates that KMW may play a critical role in preventing concavity defects. The 3D defect map can guide decision‐making during soft tissue augmentation procedures by emphasizing the specific location of the defect and providing more detailed insights into its localization. These parameters can enable the tailoring of flap management and soft tissue grafting strategies to address the patient's individual needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A pressing worry in the ongoing neurorights debate is the language used to advocate for newly proposed rights. This paper addresses this concern by first examining the partial and ambiguous associations between mind reading and neurotechnology, often cited by advocates in support of the right to mental privacy. Secondly, it addresses the conceptual foundations of mind reading, distinguishing between natural, digital, and neurotechnological forms. These distinctions serve to highlight the normative parallels in privacy vulnerabilities between neurotechnology and other mind-reading methods, with an emphasis on multimodal digital systems. I suggest that authentic safeguards for the mental realm demand an expansion of the protective ambit beyond brain-targeted devices to recognize the spectrum of mind-reading applications. Ultimately, this urges re-evaluation of the scope and justification of a right to mental privacy owing to the need for coherent frameworks in an increasingly interconnected digital landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Course‐based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) can be a powerful tool in broadening participation in undergraduate research. In this paper, we review the benefits of and barriers to undergraduate research experiences and explore how CUREs can mitigate some of those issues. As a part of the NSF‐supported Biological Collections in Ecology and Evolution Network (BCEENET) activities, a series of network meetings produced a set of recommendations to increase the accessibility of CUREs for all students at all institution types. We use BCEENET CUREs that focus on digitized natural history collections data to illustrate how leveraging adaptable open educational resources that use freely available data and analysis tools can increase accessibility of undergraduate research. We also discuss how inclusive networks of educators and research collaborators can support broadening CURE implementation.

This paper presents the process of digital data flow in RE/CAD/RP/CAI systems to develop models for planning surgical procedures in the craniofacial area. At the first RE modeling stage, digital data processing, segmentation, and the reconstruction of the geometry of the anatomical structures were performed. During the CAD modeling stage, three different concepts were utilized. The first concept was used to create a tool that could mold the geometry of the cranial vault. The second concept was created to prepare a prototype implant that would complement the anterior part of the mandibular geometry. And finally, the third concept was used to design a customized prototype surgical plate that would match the mandibular geometry accurately. Physical models were made using a rapid prototyping technique. A Bambu Lab X1 3D printer was used for this purpose. The process of geometric accuracy evaluation was carried out on manufactured prototypes of surgical plates made of ABS+, CPE, PLA+, and PETG material. In the geometric accuracy evaluation process, the smallest deviation values were obtained for the ABS plus material, within a tolerance of ±0.1 mm, and the largest were obtained for CPE (±0.2 mm) and PLA plus (±0.18 mm). In terms of the surface roughness evaluation, the highest value of the Sa parameter was obtained for the PLA plus material, which was 4.15 µm, and the lowest was obtained for the CPE material, equal to 3.62 µm. The knowledge of the flow of digital data and the identification of factors determining the accuracy of mapping the geometry of anatomical structures allowed for the development of a procedure that improves the modeling and manufacturing of anatomical structures within the craniofacial region.

The scarcity of long-term observational data has limited the use of statistical or machine-learning techniques for predicting intraannual ecological variation. However, time-stamped citizen-science observation records, supported by media data such as photographs, are increasingly available. In the present article, we present a novel framework based on the concept of relative phenological niche, using machine-learning algorithms to model observation records as a temporal sample of environmental conditions in which the represented ecological phenomenon occurs. Our approach accurately predicts the temporal dynamics of ecological events across large geographical scales and is robust to temporal bias in recording effort. These results highlight the vast potential of citizen-science observation data to predict ecological phenomena across space, including in near real time. The framework is also easily applicable for ecologists and practitioners already using machine-learning and statistics-based predictive approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the process of digital data flow in RE/CAD/RP/CAI systems to develop models for planning surgical procedures in the craniofacial area. At the first RE modeling stage, digital data processing, segmentation, and the reconstruction of the geometry of the anatomical structures were performed. During the CAD modeling stage, three different concepts were utilized. The first concept was used to create a tool that could mold the geometry of the cranial vault. The second concept was created to prepare a prototype implant that would complement the anterior part of the mandibular geometry. And finally, the third concept was used to design a customized prototype surgical plate that would match the mandibular geometry accurately. Physical models were made using a rapid prototyping technique. A Bambu Lab X1 3D printer was used for this purpose. The process of geometric accuracy evaluation was carried out on manufactured prototypes of surgical plates made of ABS+, CPE, PLA+, and PETG material. In the geometric accuracy evaluation process, the smallest deviation values were obtained for the ABS plus material, within a tolerance of ±0.1 mm, and the largest were obtained for CPE (±0.2 mm) and PLA plus (±0.18 mm). In terms of the surface roughness evaluation, the highest value of the Sa parameter was obtained for the PLA plus material, which was 4.15 µm, and the lowest was obtained for the CPE material, equal to 3.62 µm. The knowledge of the flow of digital data and the identification of factors determining the accuracy of mapping the geometry of anatomical structures allowed for the development of a procedure that improves the modeling and manufacturing of anatomical structures within the craniofacial region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Masheers are a group of large‐bodied freshwater fishes popularly known as the 'Tiger of Rivers'. Their size and fighting power make them one of the most popular game fishes and a dream catch of many recreational anglers in the Indiansubcontinent.The present study explored the recreational angling (RA) videos of five mahseer species (Tor khudree [Deccan mahseer], Tor putitora [golden mahseer], Tor remadevii [humpback mahseer], Tor mosal [mosal mahseer] and Neolissochilus hexagonolepis [chocolate mahseer]) recorded from India and uploaded on the social media platform YouTube from January 2010 to October 2022. We did not come across any RA videos of T. mosal and T. remadevii; hence, further analyses were carried out on the remaining three focal species.No seasonality was observed in the frequency of RA videos uploaded on YouTube, and T. khudree attracted the highest number of views per video. Catch and release, an ethical RA practice, was noticeably low in the case of N. hexagonolepis. The length of catch was found to be positively associated with the social engagement received by the RA videos of all three mahseer species.Angler‐ and angling‐related remarks and words associated with positive emotions (trust, joy and anticipation) dominated the comments received by the angling videos. The results are discussed in light of the trending discourses on developing social media data as a complementary tool for monitoring and managing RA and conserving fish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of technological advancement and the increasing use of audio and audio-video recordings as evidence in criminal proceedings, in order to ensure the right to a fair and the defendant's right to defend itself, it is necessary to perform an a posteriori check of such evidence in the situation where its authenticity is disputed. A posteriori control of tapings used as evidence in criminal trials can be achieved only by an expert, which represents a legal means of evidence of great importance and consists in the conduct of investigations, analyses, assessments and conclusions of a technical nature. In case-law we note that the forensic technical expertise on digital data is rarely issued by courts. We also note that the reasoning of the courts in approving or denying such evidence is insufficient and unclear. To justify the denial of the evidence consisting in forensic technical expertise, the courts invoked reasons such as the celerity of criminal trials, the lack of usefulness of such proof (without providing a detailed analysis), and the court's own judgement regarding the authenticity of the recordings, from simply viewing / listening to the tapes. We believe that the courts should actively investigate the authenticity of the records used as evidence, since any deletion, editing, insertion of replicas or alteration of the original content of a recording can lead to a change in the meaning of a conversation. If an evidence is proved to be altered, it is necessary to eliminate such evidence from the case file. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Humans play an integral role in biological invasions, from aiding introductions of alien species to experiencing their impacts and holding the ability to manage them. The importance of understanding the dynamics of stakeholders' perceptions on alien species is therefore increasingly recognized. In this study, we used anonymous online surveys to contrast recreational anglers' perceptions towards European flounder (Platichthys flesus, Linnaeus, 1758) in Iceland, where it is classified as a potentially invasive species, to the perceptions prevailing amongst recreational anglers in the species' native range. We furthermore explored potential temporal changes in the perception of Icelandic recreational anglers. Our results indicate that Icelandic recreational anglers have a highly negative perception towards the European flounder, while in its native range, recreational anglers have positive perceptions towards this species. In Iceland, we have furthermore detected a significant change towards less negative perceptions between the surveys administered in October 2019 and March 2023. Finally, we compared the results of the online surveys and novel, conservation culturomics tools to further explore stakeholder perceptions and public interest in Iceland. The comparison highlighted some limitations that should be considered when using culturomics in very small societies or for small languages. For example, the text mining approaches on newspaper articles and social media conservations detected neutral perceptions in the communication to the public and within the targeted stakeholder group via social media in contrary to the perceptions detected in the online surveys. Moreover, we detected short-term peaks in the public's interest in European flounder and potential drivers of those peaks using Wikipedia pageviews but Google Trends provided mixed and unreproducible results. Overall, our study highlights that stakeholders' perceptions towards an alien species as well as the public's interest in it vary over time and space, though the drivers of these changes are often difficult to identify. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discussions surrounding the possibility of expanding the legal regime of ownership to data have been ongoing for several decades. Proponents of recognizing the right of ownership to data motivate their position by the needs of the data economy and the need to protect the interests of data subjects. However, specific properties of data cause contradictions with the concept of property rights. This paper examines data in a system of related categories, such as information and knowledge, aiming to determine their correlation and answer the question of whether personal and industrial (machine-generated) data can be objects of ownership. The category of digital data is analysed; its specific features, which make it possible to equate them with a type of property, are determined. The paper reveals correlation between concepts of digital ownership and data ownership and answers the question of why there is no room for personal and industrial data in the ownership paradigm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the evolution and implications of Artificial Intelligence - henceforth AI - in terms of social, environmental, and institutional sustainability, beginning with the first financial investment in 1956 for a Dartmouth conference, which is recognized as the formal birth of AI. It discusses the environmental issues associated with rare earth mining and the energy and water resources required by AI. The article criticizes the centralization of the power of AI in the hands of a few global entities, suggesting instead that we consider personal data as collective property, a new collective power, for an equitable distribution of both the social and environmental benefits of AI. Finally, it proposes the creation of new forms of power in government and intermediary organizations for managing personal digital data as a collective good. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Big data (BD) is of high interest for research and practice purposes because it has the potential to provide insights into the population served and healthcare practices. Much progress has been made in collecting BD and creating tools for big data analytics (BDA). However, healthcare organizations continue to experience challenges associated with BD characteristics and BDA tools. Utilization of BD impacts current decision-making, planning, and future use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools, which are trained on BD. This qualitative study focused on better understanding the reality of BD and BDA management and usage by healthcare organizations. Six structured interviews were conducted with individuals who work with healthcare BD and BDA. Findings confirmed the known challenges associated with BD/BDA and added rich insights into the structural, operational and utilization aspects, as well as future directions. Such perspectives are valuable for education and improvements in BD/BDA management and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review highlights the use of optical scanning-based digital technologies in assessing volumetric changes following root coverage therapy. A comprehensive search was conducted in different databases to identify interventional studies reporting on volumetric changes after root coverage surgery using various approaches. 12 articles from 10 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the qualitative synthesis. The documented volumetric outcomes encompassed changes in volume (Vol) measured in mm³, mean distance between surfaces (ΔD) in mm, and linear dimensional changes (LD) in mm. A notable divergence was observed in determining the Region of Interest (ROI). The observed variability in methodologies and outcomes underscores the necessity for standardized approaches and reporting guidelines, enabling volumetric comparisons across different studies and treatments.

The use of structured query formulation languages is a method for gaining access to data in information management systems. Writing structured queries is a powerful method of data retrieval, and end users can generate complex database queries by becoming proficient in a particular query language. Digitization of database information systems, history and endowment, and technology conservation are some examples of database conservation techniques in the process of displaying data that require optimal query techniques. Historical and endowment properties comply with a certain set of laws governing waqf recipients, which sets them apart from heritage and cultural assets. Trusted property typically comprises real estate, valuables, or both and has an infinite preservation term so long as it may still be put to use. A solid information technology infrastructure is essential for ensuring comprehensive data security. Given the availability of knowledge and the quick development of information technology, ensuring its sustainability is a challenge. This research is aimed at preserving historical and waqf databases based on the case study of the Kingdom of Sumedang Larang (KSL), Indonesia, through examination of the database, synchronization of digital data with physical data, as well as looking at its relationship with organizations and management. The proposed method, namely the Design and Analysis of Database Query Model for Preservation Information System (DAQMP), creates a recurring query model from the original tabular data placed in the next table as a special table check for data specifications containing important data. The results must be accurately aligned between digital and physical records regularly to serve as a record of any changes and as evidence to determine whether data has been corrupted, altered, or lost.

Digital data, including social media, wearable device data, electronic health records, and internet search data, are increasingly being integrated into public health research and policy. Because of the current issues around public distrust of science and other ethical issues in public health research, it is essential that researchers conduct ongoing studies assessing people's perceptions around and willingness to share digital data. This study aims to examine participants' social media use and comfort sharing their data with health researchers. One hundred and sixty-one participants with medical conditions were recruited through social media paid advertisements and referral from a website, and invited to complete surveys on social media use and ethical perspectives on data sharing. Eligibility criteria were adults 18 years old or older, living in the US, self-reported having been diagnosed by a physician with a medical condition, belonging to at least one social media platform, using social media at least twice a week, and owning a smartphone. Study participants were mostly female, White, and with a mean age of 36.31 years. More than one third of participants reported being very comfortable sharing electronic health data and social media data for personalized healthcare and to help others. Findings suggest that participants are very uncomfortable sharing their location and text message data with researchers, with primary concerns centered around loss of privacy, disclosing private information, and that friends, family, and others may find out that they shared text messages with researchers. We discuss the implications of this research before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, along with its potential implications for future collection of digital data for public health.

The use of structured query formulation languages is a method for gaining access to data in information management systems. Writing structured queries is a powerful method of data retrieval, and end users can generate complex database queries by becoming proficient in a particular query language. Digitization of database information systems, history and endowment, and technology conservation are some examples of database conservation techniques in the process of displaying data that require optimal query techniques. Historical and endowment properties comply with a certain set of laws governing waqf recipients, which sets them apart from heritage and cultural assets. Trusted property typically comprises real estate, valuables, or both and has an infinite preservation term so long as it may still be put to use. A solid information technology infrastructure is essential for ensuring comprehensive data security. Given the availability of knowledge and the quick development of information technology, ensuring its sustainability is a challenge. This research is aimed at preserving historical and waqf databases based on the case study of the Kingdom of Sumedang Larang (KSL), Indonesia, through examination of the database, synchronization of digital data with physical data, as well as looking at its relationship with organizations and management. The proposed method, namely the Design and Analysis of Database Query Model for Preservation Information System (DAQMP), creates a recurring query model from the original tabular data placed in the next table as a special table check for data specifications containing important data. The results must be accurately aligned between digital and physical records regularly to serve as a record of any changes and as evidence to determine whether data has been corrupted, altered, or lost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Marmara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Hukuk Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Marmara University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose of Review: The purpose of this scoping review was to summarize literature regarding the use of user-generated digital data collected for non-epidemiological purposes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) research. Recent Findings: Thirty-nine papers were included in the final review. Four types of digital data were used: social media data, web search queries, mobile phone data, and data from global positioning system (GPS) devices. With these data, four HIV epidemiological objectives were pursued, including disease surveillance, behavioral surveillance, assessment of public attention to HIV, and characterization of risk contexts. Approximately one-third used machine learning for classification, prediction, or topic modeling. Less than a quarter discussed the ethics of using user-generated data for epidemiological purposes. Summary: User-generated digital data can be used to monitor, predict, and contextualize HIV risk and can help disrupt trajectories of risk closer to onset. However, more attention needs to be paid to digital ethics and the direction of the field in a post-Application Programming Interface (API) world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Participating in an archaeological field school is one of the only educational experiences that nearly all professional archaeologists have during their training. As a result, field schools are uniquely suited to provide experiential education in emerging skills that all archaeologists will need, such as information and data literacies at all stages of the contemporary research and publishing cycle. The "embedded" librarian program in the University of New Brunswick's Downeast Maine Coastal Archaeology Field School is an effective means to deploy that focused expertise to help students better understand the relationship between fieldwork, data, and dissemination. At the same time, being in the field provides librarians with the knowledge to respond more effectively to the complex data management and research needs of archaeologists. We encourage large research projects to consider librarians as specialist members of the research team. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technology to enable and support learning and teaching is widespread in university settings. One consequence of such technology use is the accumulation of large volumes of digital data. The acquisition of, and failure to, discard digital content can lead to digital clutter. The potential negative consequences of digital clutter have been examined mainly within a workplace context. Far less is known about how university students manage their academic digital data and whether they have strategies to deal with excessive digital clutter. Eighteen undergraduate students took part in a one-to-one or group-based interview to discuss their digital data management strategies including accumulation and deletion behaviours. Thematic analysis led to three themes: (1) Digital data accumulation across the student journey, (2) Reactive and evolving digital data management strategies and (3) Data overload: Anxiety, loss of productivity and feeling overwhelmed. The findings capture the complexity of feelings students have about different types of digital technology and the strategies they use to manage increasingly large volumes of digital data. Findings are discussed in relation to the need for better support and guidance for students around the use of digital technology to manage their data during their time at university. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Online wildlife trade is widespread and affects thousands of species. Yet, attempts to quantify online wildlife trade have mainly focused on a few platforms and taxonomic groups. Here, we study the prevalence of wildlife trade using automated data collection and filtering methods. We analyze trade across five digital platforms and 156 animal and plant species of conservation concern from a global biodiversity hotspot, the Philippines. We identified approximately 5000 highly relevant instances of trade in 1.47 million posts, focusing on 108 species, 79 of which are classified as threatened. Trade mainly occurred on webpages indexed in Google and on Twitter. We found that manual validation is essential, as animals obtained a higher proportion of hits prior to validation. Following manual validation, we observed a shift toward plant‐related trade hits. Scaling up these approaches to a global level is key to understanding the extent of digital wildlife trade across the globe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since schools increasingly use digital platforms that provide educational data in digital formats, teacher data use, and data literacy have become a focus of educational research. One main challenge is whether teachers use digital data for pedagogical purposes, such as informing their teaching. We conducted a survey study with N = 1059 teachers in upper secondary schools in Switzerland to investigate teacher digital data use and related factors such as the available technologies in schools. Descriptive analysis of the survey responses indicated that although more than half of Swiss upper-secondary teachers agreed with having data technologies at their disposal, only one-third showed a clear tendency to use these technologies, and only one-quarter felt positively confident in improving teaching in this way. An in-depth multilevel modeling showed that teachers' use of digital data could be predicted by differences between schools, teachers' positive beliefs towards digital technologies (will), self-assessed data literacy (skill), and access to data technologies (tool) as well as by general factors such as frequency of using digital devices in lessons by students. Teacher characteristics, such as age and teaching experience, were minor predictors. These results show that the provision of data technologies needs to be supplemented with efforts to strengthen teacher data literacy and use in schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the need to adopt digital tools for monitoring the social dimensions of the global biodiversity framework. The current monitoring framework has gaps, particularly in tracking human attitudes and behaviors towards species and biodiversity. Integrating social indicators into ecological indicators can provide valuable insights and conservation potential. The article highlights the importance of readily available and up-to-date social indicators in designing effective and ethically permissible conservation practices. The increased access to the internet and advances in technology allow for real-time monitoring and analysis of attitudes and behaviors towards biodiversity. However, it is important to address disparities in internet access and consider cultural and social biases in data collection and analysis. Overall, integrating social indicators into the monitoring framework can help drive conservation efforts and promote the recovery of biodiversity. [Extracted from the article]