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22 results on '"Diego San Millán Ruíz"'

1. Cervical intramedullary metastasis from cerebral glioblastoma multiforme: Case report

Author

Thomas Robert, Marc Morard, Rosa Martinez-Mañas, and Diego San Millán Ruíz

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Metastasis, law.invention, Intramedullary rod, law, medicine, Humans, Neoplasm Metastasis, Primary Brain Tumors, Aged, Chemotherapy, business.industry, Optimal treatment, Cerebral Glioblastoma Multiforme, Supratentorial Neoplasms, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Spine, nervous system diseases, Radiation therapy, Surgery, Neurology (clinical), Radiology, Glioblastoma, business, Median survival
Abstract

Cerebral glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) accounts for approximately 60% of all primary brain tumors in adults [1,4]. The standard of care for this tumor is surgical resection followed by chemotherapy and radiation therapy [5]. With this optimal treatment, the median survival time extends approximately from 9 to 12 months. In general, death is due to local progression of the tumor [3]. Metastasis of intracranial GBM by cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) dissemination has been described with increased frequency in recent years [4]. Autopsy series suggest that 25% of patients with cerebral GBM have evidence of CSF dissemination [5]. Symptomatic intramedullary metastases from GBM are rarely reported. We report a case of symptomatic cervical intramedullary metastasis from a temporal GBM treated 23 months before.

Published
2014

2. Regression of cerebral calcifications after endovascular treatment in a case of vein of Galen arteriovenous malformation

Author

Anshuman K. Bansal, Lori C. Jordan, Diego San Millán Ruíz, and Philippe Gailloud

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cerebral calcification, Central nervous system disease, Lesion, medicine, Humans, Vascular disease, business.industry, Calcinosis, Infant, Arteriovenous malformation, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Cerebral Veins, Embolization, Therapeutic, Cerebral Angiography, Surgery, Shunt (medical), Hydrocephalus, Treatment Outcome, Hypertension, Vein of Galen Malformations, Radiology, medicine.symptom, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, business, Calcification
Abstract

The authors present the case of an infant harboring a vein of Galen arteriovenous malformation with conspicuous cerebral calcifications that progressively regressed after staged endovascular obliteration of the lesion. The role of venous hypertension and hydrocephalus secondary to the arteriovenous shunt are discussed to explain the formation and regression of the cerebral calcifications.

Published
2009

3. Intracranial aneurysm stenting: Follow-up with MR angiography

Author

Daniel Ruefenacht, Philippe Bijlenga, Nicolas de Tribolet, German Abdo, Hasan Yilmaz, Diego San Millán Ruíz, Karl-Olof Lövblad, and Amine Chouiter

Subjects
Adult, Male, Nitinol stent, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Contrast Media, Lumen (anatomy), Magnetic resonance angiography, Aneurysm, Alloys, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, cardiovascular diseases, Aged, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Mr angiography, Stent, Intracranial Aneurysm, Middle Aged, equipment and supplies, medicine.disease, Iopamidol, Treatment Outcome, surgical procedures, operative, cardiovascular system, Female, Stents, Radiology, business, Parent vessel, Magnetic Resonance Angiography
Abstract

Intracranial stenting is increasingly being used to treat intracranial aneurysms and stenoses. We wanted to assess the utility of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in the follow-up of patients treated with various types of intracranial stents and to assess the utility of performing gadolinium-enhanced MRA. A total of 19 patients having undergone intracranial stenting for aneurysms were imaged by MRI at 1.5T. A total of 20 stents were placed in 19 patients. In addition to conventional T2- and diffusion-weighted MRI, 3D time-of-flight MRA was performed before and after contrast administration. In the case of metallic INX stents (N = 7), there was a signal drop at the level of the vessel. which did not allow to evaluating the parent vessel, whereas this was visible in Nitinol stents (N = 8). Additionally a stent with a wire had a small artifact (N = 3). Contrast administration also improved vessel lumen visualization. In the case of Nitinol stents, MRA can be used to reliably demonstrate the vessel lumen after intracranial stenting. The use of postcontrast 3D time-of-flight imaging helps improve the intraluminal definition.

Published
2006

4. A Case of Portal Venous Gas Secondary to Acute Appendicitis Detected on Gray Scale Sonography but Not Computed Tomography

Author

Pietro Majno, Diego San Millán Ruíz, and Thomas Benoît De Perrot

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Radiography, Infarction, Computed tomography, Disease, Inflammatory bowel disease, Appendicitis/complications, Vascular Diseases/etiology/radiography/ultrasonography, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Vascular Diseases, False Negative Reactions, Ultrasonography, ddc:617, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, medicine.diagnostic_test, Portal Vein, business.industry, Appendicitis, medicine.disease, Portal Vein/radiography/ultrasonography, Doppler sonography, Acute Disease, Acute appendicitis, Gases, Radiology, business
Abstract

The presence of portal venous gas (PVG) has been reported most often in association with bowel ischemia or infarction but may result from nonischemic conditions such as bowel trauma or surgery, inflammatory or tumoral ulcerative disease, or infectious or inflammatory bowel disease. 1 - 1 2 In a setting of mesenteric infarction, the presence of PVG has been reported to be an ominous finding; however, when PVG is related to nonischemic conditions, clinical outcome seems to be determined by the underlying disease and not by the presence of PVG. 6 Therefore, diagnosis of PVG is of clinical importance because quick medical or surgical treatment of the underlying condition may be warranted. Both computed tomography (CT) and gray scale or Doppler sonography contribute to the detection of PVG, with CT being more sensitive in identifying the underlying cause of PVG. 5 Recent reports suggest that sonography may be more sensitive in detecting PVG than CT. 1 3 - 1 5 We report a case of PVG detected on gray scale sonography that went undetected on CT. The cause of PVG in this case was acute appendicitis, which to our knowledge has never been reported in the literature.

Published
2005

5. Bilateral tentorial sinus drainage of the basal vein (of Rosenthal)

Author

Alain Reverdin, Jean H.D. Fasel, Diego San Millán Ruíz, and Philippe Gailloud

Subjects
Aged, 80 and over, Models, Anatomic, Sinus drainage, Histology, business.industry, Radiography, fungi, Brain, General Medicine, Anatomy, Cerebral Veins, Fresh cadaver, medicine.vein, Cerebrovascular Circulation, medicine, Humans, Female, business, Aged, Basal vein
Abstract

We report a case of bilateral collateral tentorial venous sinus drainage of the basal vein (of Rosenthal) (BV). The observation was made on a corrosion cast of the cerebral venous system obtained from a fresh cadaver. Radiographic correlation was obtained by performing standard X-ray imaging of the corrosion cast. Embryologic and clinical considerations are discussed. Clin. Anat. 16:264–268, 2003. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Published
2003

6. Solitary fibrous tumour with intramedullary component: case report and review of the literature

Author

Thomas Robert, Marc Morard, Christophe Duc, and Diego San Millán Ruíz

Subjects
Dorsum, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, CD34, Neurosurgical Procedures, Thoracic Vertebrae, law.invention, Intramedullary rod, Myelopathy, law, Medicine, Humans, Spinal Cord Neoplasms, Solid tumour, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Solitary fibrous tumour, Magnetic resonance imaging, Middle Aged, Spinal cord, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, medicine.anatomical_structure, Treatment Outcome, Solitary Fibrous Tumors, Surgery, Female, Neurology (clinical), business
Abstract

Solitary fibrous tumours (SFTs) are rare WHO grade I mesenchymal neoplasms that were first described in the visceral pleura. A wide variety of locations of SFT have been reported but only twelve cases of intramedullary solitary fibrous tumour. We report a case of thoracic spinal cord SFT. A 49-year-old woman presented with clinical signs of dorsal myelopathy. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an intradural mass at level T9–T10 which showed imaging features consistent both for an intra- and an extramedullary location of a solid tumour. Imaging findings were confirmed during surgery which was successful in resecting the extramedullary component. The intramedullary component could only be partially resected. Solitary fibrous tumour is a rare pathological entity in the central nervous system. The course of intramedullary SFT is unknown and careful long-term follow-up is recommended.

Published
2013

7. Smooth muscle cells of human intracranial aneurysms assume phenotypic features similar to those of the atherosclerotic plaque

Author

Giampaolo Pizzolato, Marie-Luce Bochaton-Piallat, Eniko Veronika Kovari, Matteo Coen, Daniel A. Rüfenacht, Karim Burkhardt, Karl Lothard Schaller, Diego San Millán Ruíz, Giulio Gabbiani, and Philippe Bijlenga

Subjects
Male, Pathology, Cerebral arteries, Muscle Proteins, ddc:616.07, ddc:616.89, 0302 clinical medicine, Myosin, Cytoskeleton, Aged, 80 and over, 0303 health sciences, CD68, S100 Proteins, Cell Differentiation, General Medicine, respiratory system, Middle Aged, musculoskeletal system, Immunohistochemistry, Plaque, Atherosclerotic, Phenotype, cardiovascular system, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Myocytes, Smooth Muscle, Biology, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Atrophy, medicine, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, Humans, S100 Calcium-Binding Protein A4, cardiovascular diseases, Actin, 030304 developmental biology, Aged, Myosin Heavy Chains, Intracranial Aneurysm, Cell Dedifferentiation, Cerebral Arteries, medicine.disease, Actins, ddc:616.8, Cytoskeletal Proteins, Case-Control Studies, Smoothelin, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biomarkers
Abstract

Objectives Characterize the phenotypic features of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in the wall of human saccular intracranial aneurysms (sIAs). Methods and Results We investigated by means of immunohistochemistry the expression of the cytoskeletal differentiation markers α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), smooth muscle myosin heavy chains (SMMHCs), and smoothelin in 26 sIAs and 15 nonaneurysmal cerebral arteries. In addition, S100A4, a recently identified marker of dedifferentiated SMCs in atherosclerotic plaques, was also investigated. Six sIAs and 5 nonaneurysmal arteries were used for morphometric analysis. sIAs displayed a significant medial atrophy compared with nonaneurysmal cerebral arteries; moreover, sIA SMCs showed marked decrease of α-SMA and SMMHCs expression and disappearance of smoothelin. Unexpectedly, S100A4 was strongly up-regulated in media SMCs of sIAs. Conclusions In sIAs, media SMCs acquire a dedifferentiated phenotype and show de novo expression of S100A4, characteristic features of atherosclerotic plaque SMCs.

Published
2012

8. Contributors

Author

Frank L. Acosta, P. David Adelson, John R. Adler, ., Kamran V. Aghayev, Manish K. Aghi, Basheal M. Agrawal, Manmeet S. Ahluwalia, Faiz Ahmad, Ellen Air, Pablo Ajler, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Arun P. Amar, Luca Amendola, Christopher Ames, Beejal Y. Amin, Sepideh Amin-Hanjani, Joshua M. Ammerman, William S. Anderson, Ronald I. Apfelbaum, Michael L.J. Apuzzo, Rocco Armonda, Paul M. Arnold, Harel Arzi, Ashok R. Asthagiri, Kurtis Auguste, Tariq E. Awad, Khaled M. Aziz, Tipu Aziz, Joachim M. Baehring, Mirza N. Baig, Roy Bakay, Perry A. Ball, Stefano Bandiera, Nicholas M. Barbaro, Frederick G. Barker, Daniel L. Barrow, Sachin Batra, Joshua Bederson, Kimon Bekelis, Carlo Bellabarba, Lorenzo Bello, Allan J. Belzberg, Bernard R. Bendok, Ludwig Benes, Edward C. Benzel, Helmut Bertalanffy, Chetan Bettegowda, Ravi Bhatia, Sanjay Bhatia, Allen T. Bishop, Keith L. Black, Lewis S. Blevins, George T. Blike, Ari Blitz, Göran C. Blomstedt, Benjamin Blondel, Kofi Boahene, Bernardo Boleaga, Markus Bookland, Stefano Boriani, Christopher M. Boxell, Henry Brem, Albino Bricolo, Jason A. Brodkey, Jacques Brotchi, Jeffrey N. Bruce, Michael Bruneau, Bradley R. Buchbinder, Kim J. Burchiel, Timothy G. Burke, Ali Bydon, Francesco Cacciola, Kevin Cahill, Paolo Cappabianca, Anthony J. Caputy, Francesco Cardinale, Ricardo L. Carrau, Benjamin S. Carson, Bob S. Carter, Giuseppe Casaceli, Laura Castana, Gabriel Castillo, Luigi M. Cavallo, C. Michael Cawley, Aabir Chakraborty, Edward F. Chang, Eric C. Chang, Steven D. Chang, Jens R. Chapman, E. Thomas Chappell, Neeraj Chaudhary, Douglas Chen, James Chen, Linda C. Chen, Boyle C. Cheng, Joshua J. Chern, John H. Chi, Wade W. Chien, E. Antonio Chiocca, Rohan Chitale, Bhupal Chitnavis, Lana D. Christiano, Ray M. Chu, Elisa F. Ciceri, Michelle J. Clarke, Alan Cohen, Annamaria Colao, Geoffrey P. Colby, Massimo Collice, Daniel Condit, Alexander L. Coon, Cassius Vinícius Corrêa Dos Reis, G. Rees Cosgrove, Massimo Cossu, William T. Couldwell, William T. Curry, Guilherme Dabus, Teodoro Forcht Dagi, Giuseppe D'Aliberti, Moise Danielpour, Mark J. Dannenbaum, Ronan M. Dardis, Hormuzdiyar H. Dasenbrock, Reza Dashti, Arthur L. Day, John Diaz Day, Vedran Deletis, Ramiro Del-Valle, Franco DeMonte, Francesco Dimeco, Robert Dodd, Francesco Doglietto, Lutz Dörner, Michael J. Dorsi, Gaby D. Doumit, James M. Drake, Doniel Drazin, Rose Du, Thomas B. Ducker, Hugues Duffau, Bradley S. Duhon, Paula Eboli, Mohamed Samy Elhammady, Pamela Ely, Nancy E. Epstein, Kadir Erkmen, Thomas Errico, Emad N. Eskandar, Clifford J. Eskey, Felice Esposito, Camilo E. Fadul, Gilbert J. Fanciullo, Kyle M. Fargen, Gidon Felsen, Dong Xia Feng, Richard G. Fessler, Aaron G. Filler, John C. Flickinger, John R. Floyd, Kevin T. Foley, Kostas N. Fountas, Howard Francis, James L. Frazier, Kai Frerichs, David M. Frim, Sebastien Froelich, Takanori Fukushima, Philippe Gailloud, Sergio Maria Gaini, Chirag D. Gandhi, Dheeraj Gandhi, Gale Gardner, Paul Gardner, Mark Garrett, Tomás Garzón-Muvdi, Alessandro Gasbarrini, Fred H. Geisler, Joseph J. Gemmete, Massimo Gerosa, Atul Goel, Ziya L. Gokaslan, L. Fernando Gonzalez, C. Rory Goodwin, Takeo Goto, Grahame C. Gould, M. Sean Grady, Andrew W. Grande, Ramesh Grandhi, Alexander L. Green, Jeffrey P. Greenfield, Bradley A. Gross, Rachel Grossman, Mari Groves, Gerardo Guinto, Richard Gullan, Gaurav Gupta, Nalin Gupta, Todd C. Hankinson, Ake Hansasuta, James S. Harrop, Griffith R. Harsh, Alia Hdeib, Stefan Heinze, John Heiss, Dieter Hellwig, Juha Hernesniemi, Roberto C. Heros, Todd Hillman, Jose Hinojosa, Girish K. Hiremath, Brian L. Hoh, L. Nelson Hopkins, Wesley Hsu, Yin C. Hu, Jason H. Huang, Judy Huang, Peter J. Hutchinson, Jonathan A. Hyam, Adriana G. Ioachimescu, Pascal M. Jabbour, Juan Jackson, George I. Jallo, Ivo P. Janecka, Mohsen Javadpour, Andrew Jea, Sunil Jeswani, David H. Jho, Diana H. Jho, Hae-Dong Jho, Bowen Jiang, Tae-Young Jung, M. Yashar S. Kalani, Hideyuki Kano, Silloo B. Kapadia, Michael G. Kaplitt, Christoph Kappus, Eftychia Z. Kapsalaki, Yuval Karmon, Amin B. Kassam, Sudhir Kathuria, Takeshi Kawase, Alexander A. Khalessi, Kathleen Khu, Daniel H. Kim, Matthias Kirsch ., Riku Kivisaari, Angelos G. Kolias, Douglas Kondziolka, Marcus C Korinth, Dietmar Krex, Mark D. Krieger, Kartik G. Krishnan, Ajit A. Krishnaney, Maureen Lacy, Santosh D. Lad, Jose Alberto Landeiro, Frederick F. Lang, Shih-Shan Lang, Françoise LaPierre, Paul S. Larson, Michael T. Lawton, Marco Lee, Martin Lehecka, Allan Levi, Elad I. Levy, Robert E. Lieberson, Michael Lim, Ning Lin, Göran Lind, Bengt Linderoth, Timothy Lindley, Antoine Listrat, Charles Y. Liu, James K. Liu, John C. Liu, Giorgio Lo Russo, Christopher M. Loftus, Russell R. Lonser, Daniel C. Lu, Yi Lu, L. Dade Lunsford, M. Mason Macenski, Jaroslaw Maciaczyk, Joseph R. Madsen, Subu N. Magge, Giulio Maira, Martijn J.A. Malessy, David G. Malone, Allen Maniker, Geoffrey T. Manley, Jotham Manwaring, Mitchell Martineau, Robert L. Martuza, Marlon S. Mathews, Nestoras Mathioudakis, Paul McCormick, Michael W. McDermott, Cameron G. McDougall, H. Maximilian Mehdorn, Vivek A. Mehta, Arnold Menezes, Patrick Mertens, Frederic B. Meyer, Matthew K. Mian, Rajiv Midha, Diego San Millán Ruíz, Jonathan Miller, Neil R. Miller, Zaman Mirzadeh, Ganpati Prasad Mishra, Symeon Missios, James B. Mitchell, Alim Mitha, J. Mocco, Abhay Moghekar, Jacques J. Morcos, Chad J. Morgan, John F. Morrison, Henry Moyle, Carrie R. Muh, Debraj Mukherjee, Arya Nabavi, Michael J. Nanaszko, Dipankar Nandi, Raj Narayan, Sabareesh K. Natarajan, Edgar Nathal, Vikram V. Nayar, Audumbar Shantaram Netalkar, C. Benjamin Newman, Trang Nguyen, Laura B. Ngwenya, Antonio Nicolato, Mika Niemelä, Guido Nikkhah, Anitha Nimmagadda, John K. Niparko, Ajay Niranjan, Richard B. North, José María Núñez, W. Jerry Oakes, Christopher S. Ogilvy, Kenji Ohata, Jeffrey G. Ojemann, Steven Ojemann, David O. Okonkwo, Edward H. Oldfield, Brent O'Neill, Nelson M. Oyesiku, Roberto Pallini, Aditya S. Pandey, Dachling Pang, Kyriakos Papadimitriou, José María Pascual, Aman Patel, Anoop P. Patel, Toral R. Patel, Vincenzo Paterno, Rana Patir, Alexandra R. Paul, Sanjay J. Pawar, Richard Penn, Erlick A.C. Pereira, Mick J. Perez-Cruet, Eric C. Peterson, Mark A. Pichelmann, Joseph M. Piepmeier, Marcus O. Pinsker, Lawrence H. Pitts, Rick J. Placide, Willem Pondaag, Kalmon Post, Matthew B. Potts, Lars Poulsgaard, Gustavo Pradilla, Charles J. Prestigiacomo, Daniel M. Prevedello, Ruth Prieto, Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa, Leonidas M. Quintana, Scott Y. Rahimi, Rudy J. Rahme, Rodrigo Ramos-Zúñiga, Nathan J. Ranalli, Shaan M. Raza, Pablo F. Recinos, Violette Renard Recinos, Shrikant Rege, Thomas Reithmeier, Katherine Relyea, Daniel Resnick, Daniele Rigamonti, Philippe Rigoard, Jaakko Rinne, Jon H. Robertson, Shimon Rochkind, Jack P. Rock, Rossana Romani, Guy Rosenthal, Robert H. Rosenwasser, Nathan C. Rowland, James T. Rutka, Samuel Ryu, Francesco Sala, Roberto Salvatori, Kari Sammalkorpi, Nader Sanai, Thomas Santarius, Amar Saxena, Gabriele Schackert, Uta Schick, Thomas A. Schildhauer, Alexandra Schmidek, Henry H. Schmidek, Meic H. Schmidt, Paul Schmitt, Johannes Schramm, Joseph Schwab, Theodore H. Schwartz, Patrick Schweder, Daniel M. Sciubba, R. Michael Scott, Raymond F. Sekula, Patrick Senatus, Amjad Shad, Ali Shaibani, Manish S. Sharma, Rewati Raman Sharma, Sameer A. Sheth, Alexander Y. Shin, Ali Shirzadi, Adnan H. Siddiqui, Roberto Leal Silveira, Nathan E. Simmons, Marc Sindou, Marco Sinisi, Timothy Siu, Edward Smith, Joseph R. Smith, Patricia Smith, Matthew Smyth, Domenico Solari, David Solomon, Adam M. Sonabend, Mark M. Souweidane, Edgardo Spagnuolo, Robert F. Spetzler, Robert J. Spinner, Andreas M. Stark, Philip A. Starr, Ladislau Steiner, Michael P. Steinmetz, Shirley I. Stiver, Prem Subramanian, Michael E. Sughrue, Ian Suk, Daniel Q. Sun, Ulrich Sure, Oszkar Szentirmai, Alexander Taghva, Giuseppe Talamonti, Rafael J. Tamargo, Richard J. Teff, John M. Tew, Nicholas Theodore, Philip V. Theodosopoulos, B. Gregory Thompson, Wuttipong Tirakotai, Stavropoula I. Tjoumakaris, James H. Tonsgard, David Trejo, Michael Trippel, R. Shane Tubbs, Luis M. Tumialan, Andreas Unterberg, Michael S. Vaphiades, T. Brooks Vaughan, Anand Veeravagu, Ana Luisa Velasco, Francisco Velasco, Gregory J. Velat, Angela Verlicchi, Frank D. Vrionis, Michel Wager, M. Christopher Wallace, Gary S. Wand, Benjamin C. Warf, Michael F. Waters, Joseph Watson, Martin H. Weiss, Nirit Weiss, William Welch, J. Kent Werner, Louis A. Whitworth, Christopher Winfree, Timothy F. Witham, Jean-Paul Wolinsky, Judith M. Wong, Shaun Xavier, Bakhtiar Yamini, Claudio Yampolsky, Michael J. Yaremchuk, Reza Yassari, Chun-Po Yen, John Yianni, Alexander K. Yu, Eric L. Zager, Bruno Zanotti, Marco Zenteno, Mehmet Zileli, and Alexandros D. Zouzias

Published
2012

9. Adult Pseudotumor Cerebri Syndrome

Author

Abhay Moghekar, Neil R. Miller, David Solomon, A.r.i. Blitz, Philippe Gailloud, Daniele Rigamonti, Diego San Millán Ruíz, Sachin Batra, and Prem S. Subramanian

Subjects
Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Medicine, Pseudotumor cerebri syndrome, business
Published
2012

10. Cerebral developmental venous anomalies

Author

Diego San Millán Ruíz and Philippe Gailloud

Subjects
Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations, medicine.medical_specialty, Central Nervous System Venous Angioma, medicine, Humans, Vein, Child, Sinus pericranii, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Vascular malformation, General Medicine, Digital subtraction angiography, medicine.disease, Cavernous malformations, Thrombosis, Cerebral Veins, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cerebral Angiography, medicine.anatomical_structure, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Arteriovenous Fistula, Hypertension, Neurology (clinical), Radiology, Neurosurgery, Atrophy, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Cerebral angiography
Abstract

Cerebral developmental venous anomalies (DVAs) are the most frequently encountered cerebral vascular malformation. As such, they are often observed incidentally during routine CT and MRI studies. Yet, what DVAs represent from a clinical perspective is frequently not common knowledge and DVAs, therefore, still generate uncertainty and concern amongst physicians. This article reviews our current understanding of developmental venous anomalies. In the majority of cases, DVAs follow a benign clinical course. On rare occasions, DVAs become symptomatic generally due to an underlying associated vascular malformation such as cavernous malformations or thrombosis of the collecting vein. Rare forms of DVAs include arterialized DVAs and DVAs involved in the drainage of sinus pericranii, which warrant additional investigation by digital subtraction angiography. Cerebral abnormalities such as atrophy, white matter lesions and calcifications within the drainage territory of asymptomatic DVAs, are often identified on CT or MR imaging studies and likely represent secondary changes due to venous hypertension. There is increasing evidence that DVAs have a propensity for developing venous hypertension, which is thought to be the cause of associated cavernous malformations and parenchymal abnormalities. DVAs represent variations of the normal cerebral venous angioarchitecture and by enlargement follow an uneventful clinical course. Complications can, however, occur and their management requires a thorough understanding of the nature of DVAs, including their frequent coexistence with other types of vascular malformation, and the existence of more complex but rare forms of presentation, such as the arterialized DVAs.

Published
2010

11. Contributors

Author

Hani Abujudeh, Andreas Adam, Hassan M. Ahmad, Sun Ho Ahn, Kamran Ahrar, Morvarid Alaghmand, Agaicha Alfidja, Ahmad I. Alomari, Gennaro Ambrosanio, Soon Ghee Ang, John Frederick Angle, Gary M. Ansel, Bassel Atassi, Julien Auriol, Juan Carlos Baez, Curtis W. Bakal, Jörn Oliver Balzer, Joel E. Barbato, Brad P. Barnett, Gamal Baroud, Carlo Bartolozzi, Jason R. Bauer, Richard Arthur Baum, Kevin Walter Bell, Jacqueline A. Bello, Jennifer L. Berkeley, Michael A. Bettmann, Mario Bezzi, José I. Bilbao, Deniz Bilecen, Christoph A. Binkert, Haraldur Bjarnason, James H. Black, Francine Blei, Brian M. Block, Marc Bohner, Amman Bolia, Irene Boos, Charles F. Botti, Louis Boyer, Elena Bozzi, Peter Reynolds Bream, Rachel F. Brem, Mark F. Brodie, Allan L. Brook, Benjamin S. Brooke, Duncan Mark Brooks, Daniel B. Brown, Karen T. Brown, James P. Burnes, Patricia E. Burrows, Justin John Campbell, Colin P. Cantwell, Thierry Carreres, John A. Carrino, Lucie Cassagnes, Pascal Chabrot, Abbas Afif Chamsuddin, Richard Chang, Lakhmir S. Chawla, Hank (Han) K. Chen, Yung-Hsin Chen, Rush Hamilton Chewning, Kenneth H. Cho, Albert K. Chun, Timothy W.I. Clark, Felipe B. Collares, Luca Cova, Laura Crocetti, Charles D. Crum, T. Andrew Currier, Ferenc Czeyda-Pommersheim, Michael D. Dake, Michael David Darcy, L. Mark Dean, Thierry De Baère, Sudhen B. Desai, Alvaro A. Diano, Robert G. Dixon, Pablo D. Dominguez, Robert F. Dondelinger, Gregory J. Dubel, Clifford J. Eskey, Jan A. Eubig, Salomão Faintuch, Ronald N. Fairman, Chieh-Min Fan, Fabrizio Fanelli, Mark A. Farber, Laura M. Fayad, Peter F. Ford, Brian Funaki, Andreas Gabelmann, Dmitri A. Gagarin, Philippe Gailloud, Suvranu Ganguli, Lorenzo García-García, Vanessa L. Gates, Tony Geoghegan, Debra A. Gervais, Jean-Francois H. Geschwind, Matthew B. Gillbert, Mark F. Given, Y. Pierre Gobin, S. Nahum Goldberg, Theodore S. Grawbow, Roy K. Greenberg, Brian Grieme, Klaus D. Hagspiel, Keith W. Hamilton, Klaus A. Hausegger, Markus H. Heim, Robert C. Heng, Joshua A. Hirsch, J. Todd Hobelmann, Andrew H. Holden, Ed Horn, Oluwatoyin R. Idowu, Tiziana Ierace, Elizabeth Ann Ignacio, Zubin Irani, Roberto Izzo, James E. Jackson, Augustinus L. Jacob, Priya Jaga, Francis Joffre, Matthew S. Johnson, Chauncey T. Jones, Sanjeeva P. Kalva, Anthony W. Kam, Sridhar Kamath, Krishna Kandarpa, Jeffrey M. Katz, John A. Kaufman, Alexis D. Kelekis, Frederick S. Keller, Robert K. Kerlan, David Kessel, Verena Khan, Kanika Khanna, Neil M. Khilnani, Hyun S. Kim, Hiro Kiyosue, Sebastian Kos, Gaurav Kumar, Maxim Kupershmidt, Vineel Kurli, Jeanne M. LaBerge, Pierre-Yves Laffy, Carlos Lanciego, Elvira V. Lang, Arcangelo L. Lavanga, Leo Patrick Lawler, Judy M. Lee, Michael J. Lee, Thomas Lemettre, Riccardo Lencioni, Yean L. Lim, Robert J. Lewandowski, John J. Lewin, Curtis Allen Lewis, Changqing Li, Eleni Liapi, Rafael H. Llinas, Reinhard Loose, Stuart M. Lyon, Patrick C. Malloy, Michael J. Manzano, Marie Agnes Marachet, Jean-Baptiste Martin, Antonio Martínez-Cuesta, M. Victoria Marx, John M. Mathis, Alan H. Matsumoto, Matthew A. Mauro, Gordon McLennan, Simon J. McPherson, Hugh McSwain, Steven Greene Meranze, Todd S. Miller, Robert J. Min, Sally E. Mitchell, Stephan Moll, Jeffrey I. Mondschein, Laurel E. Moore, Jose Pablo Morales, Robert A. Morgan, Hiromu Mori, Paul R. Morrison, Stefan Müller-Hülsbeck, Kieran P.J. Murphy, Timothy P. Murphy, Mario Muto, Aravinda Nanjundappa, Juan C. Narvaez, Rodrigo Gomes Do Nascimento, Albert A. Nemcek, Ali Noor, Luigi Novelli, Gianluigi Orgera, Philippe Otal, Randall P. Owen, Aalpen A. Patel, Sandra Pauls, Monica Smith Pearl, Giuseppe Pelle, Olivier Pellerin, Daniel Picus, Jeffrey S. Pollak, Rupert Horst Portugaller, Batya R. Radzik, Suman W. Rathbun, Anne Ravel, Charles E. Ray, Mahmood K. Razavi, Howard A. Riina, Anne Roberts, Alain Roche, Eric E. Roselli, Robert J. Rosen, Plinio Rossi, Hervé Rousseau, Stefan G. Ruehm, Diego San Millán Ruíz, John H. Rundback, Wael E.A. Saad, Tarun Sabharwal, Gloria Maria Martinez Salazar, John Vito Salerno, Riad Salem, Marc R. Sapoval, Shawn N. Sarin, Sanjiv Sharma, Ashot Shekoyan, Ji Hoon Shin, Naomi N. Silva, Stuart G. Silverman, Charan Kamal Singh, Constantinos T. Sofocleous, Luigi Solbiati, Stephen B. Solomon, Ho-Young Song, Kean H. Soon, Thomas A. Sos, Michael C. Soulen, James B. Spies, M.J. Bernadette Stallmeyer, Joseph M. Stavas, LeAnn Simmons Stokes, Ernst-Peter Strecker, Michael B. Streiff, Deepak Sudheendra, Walter A. Tan, Elizabeth R. Tang, Mahsa R. Tehrani, Mathew M. Thompson, Kenneth R. Thompson, Gina D. Tran, Scott O. Trerotola, David Trost, Nirman Tulsyan, Kemal Tuncali, Ulku Cenk Turba, Renan Uflacker, Eric van Sonnenberg, Prasanna Vasudevan, Anthony C. Venbrux, Tom Vesely, Bogdan Vierasu, Rachel L. Vile, Isabel Vivas, Dierk Vorwerk, David L. Waldman, Michael J. Wallace, Anthony F. Watkinson, Peter N. Waybill, Joshua L. Weintraub, Robert I. White, Mark H. Wholey, Bradford D. Winters, Robert Wityk, Edward Y. Woo, Bradford J. Wood, Gerald M. Wyse, Albert J. Yoo, Chang Jin Yoon, Rex C. Yung, Soraya Zaid, Steven M. Zangan, Grace M. Zawistowski, Fabio Zeccolini, Eberhard Zeitler, Dianbo Zhang, Gregg H. Zoarski, and Christoph L. Zollikofer

Published
2010

12. Cerebral developmental venous anomalies: current concepts

Author

Diego San Millán Ruíz, Hasan Yilmaz, and Philippe Gailloud

Subjects
Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations, Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Central Nervous System Venous Angioma, Computed tomography, Asymptomatic, Cerebral circulation, medicine, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Humans, Clinical significance, Cerebral Hemorrhage, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Vascular malformation, Clinical course, Brain, Magnetic resonance imaging, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Cerebral Veins, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cerebral Angiography, Neurology, Child, Preschool, Arteriovenous Fistula, Neurology (clinical), Radiology, Presentation (obstetrics), medicine.symptom, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Abstract

Cerebral developmental venous anomalies are the most frequently encountered cerebral vascular malformation, and as such, are frequently reported as fortuitous findings in computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies. Developmental venous anomalies (DVAs) are generally considered extreme anatomical variations of the cerebral vasculature, and follow a benign clinical course in the vast majority of cases. Here we review current concepts on DVAs with the aim of helping clinicians understand this complex entity. Morphological characteristics that are necessary to conceptualize DVAs are discussed in depth. Images modalities used in diagnosing DVAs are reviewed, including new MRI or CT techniques. Clinical presentation, association with other vascular malformations and cerebral parenchymal abnormalities, and possible physiopathological processes leading to associated imaging or clinical findings are discussed. Atypical forms of DVAs are also reviewed and their clinical significance discussed. Finally, recommendations as to how to manage asymptomatic or symptomatic patients with a DVA are advanced.

Published
2009

13. Developmental anatomy, angiography, and clinical implications of orbital arterial variations involving the stapedial artery

Author

Diego San Millán Ruíz, Philippe Gailloud, and Lydia Gregg

Subjects
Models, Anatomic, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Anastomosis, Ophthalmic Artery, medicine.artery, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Embolization, Head and neck, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Angiography, Developmental Anatomy, General Medicine, Anatomy, Stapedius, Skull, medicine.anatomical_structure, Ophthalmic artery, Stapedial Artery, Neurology (clinical), Radiology, business
Abstract

Classical anatomists have provided detailed description of the arterial collateral pathways found in the head and neck. The small branches building this intricate network are difficult to access. The arterial map inherited from the anatomists has been put to the test with detailed high-resolution vascular imaging. Superselective angiography has helped rediscover the complexity of the craniocervical arterial network. The concept of dangerous collaterals or dangerous anastomoses was born with the advent of endovascular therapy. Although dangerous anastomoses of the skull base are described in the literature, variations and collateral pathways have been overlooked or misunderstood. This article reviews normal orbital arterial vascularization and its principal variations.

Published
2009

14. Whole-brain perfusion CT performed with a prototype 256-detector row CT system: initial experience

Author

Masato Nakane, Diego San Millán Ruíz, Kazuhiro Murayama, Motoharu Hayakawa, Hiroshi Toyama, Kazuhiro Katada, Kieran Murphy, and Hirofumi Anno

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Statistics as Topic, Computed tomography, Perfusion scanning, Single-photon emission computed tomography, Sensitivity and Specificity, Entire brain, Brain Ischemia, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, medicine, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Thrombolytic Therapy, Dominance, Cerebral, Aged, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Brain, Mean age, Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Intracranial Arteriosclerosis, Cerebral Angiography, Stenosis, Intracranial Embolism, Regional Blood Flow, Feasibility Studies, Female, Radiology, Tomography, Nuclear medicine, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Perfusion
Abstract

To preliminarily evaluate the feasibility and potential diagnostic utility of whole-brain perfusion computed tomography (CT) performed with a prototype 256-detector row CT system over an extended range covering the entire brain to assess ischemic cerebrovascular disease.Institutional review board approval and informed consent were obtained. Eleven cases in 10 subjects (six men, four women; mean age, 64.3 years) with intra- or extracranial stenosis were retrospectively evaluated with whole-brain perfusion CT. Three readers independently evaluated perfusion CT data. The diagnostic performance of perfusion CT was visually evaluated with a three-point scale used to assess three factors. Differences between four axial perfusion CT images obtained at the basal ganglia level (hereafter, four-section images) and whole-brain perfusion CT images were assessed with the paired t test. In four subjects, the interval between perfusion CT and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was 1-17 days (mean, 10.3 days). Correlation between perfusion CT findings and SPECT findings was assessed with the Spearman correlation coefficient.Three-dimensional perfusion CT images and axial, coronal, and sagittal whole-brain perfusion CT images were displayed, and the extent of ischemia was assessed. Mean visual evaluation scores were significantly higher for whole-brain images than for four-section images (4.27 +/- 0.76 [standard deviation] vs 2.55 +/- 0.87). The cerebral blood flow ratios of the ischemic lesions relative to normal regions scanned with perfusion CT (x) and SPECT (y) showed a significant positive correlation (R(2) = 0.76, y = 0.44 x + 0.37, P.001).Perfusion CT performed with a 256-detector row CT system can be used to assess the entire brain with administration of one contrast medium bolus. Thus, ischemic regions can be identified with one examination, which has the potential to improve diagnostic utility.

Published
2008

15. Parenchymal abnormalities associated with developmental venous anomalies

Author

Alberto Bertramello, Philippe Gailloud, Jacqueline Delavelle, Hasan Yilmaz, Diego San Millán Ruíz, Daniel A. Rüfenacht, Francesca B. Pizzini, and E. Piovan

Subjects
Central Nervous System, Cerebral veins, Adult, Gadolinium DTPA, Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System, Adolescent, Contrast Media, Dystrophic calcification, 80 and over, medicine, Organometallic Compounds, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Preschool, Vein, Child, Tomography, Neuroradiology, Aged, Cerebral Hemorrhage, Aged, 80 and over, medicine.diagnostic_test, Atrophy, Calcinosis, Cerebral Veins, Child, Preschool, Female, Infant, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Middle Aged, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, business.industry, Vascular malformation, Magnetic resonance imaging, medicine.disease, Hyperintensity, X-Ray Computed, Stenosis, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cavernous, Neurology (clinical), Hemangioma, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract

To report a retrospective series of 84 cerebral developmental venous anomalies (DVAs), focusing on associated parenchymal abnormalities within the drainage territory of the DVA. DVAs were identified during routine diagnostic radiological work-up based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (60 cases), computed tomography (CT) (62 cases) or both (36 cases). Regional parenchymal modifications within the drainage territory of the DVA, such as cortical or subcortical atrophy, white matter density or signal alterations, dystrophic calcifications, presence of haemorrhage or a cavernous-like vascular malformation (CVM), were noted. A stenosis of the collecting vein of the DVA was also sought for. Brain abnormalities within the drainage territory of a DVA were encountered in 65.4% of the cases. Locoregional brain atrophy occurred in 29.7% of the cases, followed by white matter lesions in 28.3% of MRI investigations and 19.3% of CT investigations, CVMs in 13.3% of MRI investigations and dystrophic calcification in 9.6% of CT investigations. An intracranial haemorrhage possibly related to a DVA occurred in 2.4% cases, and a stenosis on the collecting vein was documented in 13.1% of cases. Parenchymal abnormalities were identified for all DVA sizes. Brain parenchymal abnormalities were associated with DVAs in close to two thirds of the cases evaluated. These abnormalities are thought to occur secondarily, likely during post-natal life, as a result of chronic venous hypertension. Outflow obstruction, progressive thickening of the walls of the DVA and their morphological organization into a venous convergence zone are thought to contribute to the development of venous hypertension in DVA.

Published
2007

16. Transvenous embolization of a dural arteriovenous fistula of the laterocavernous sinus through the pterygoid plexus

Author

Jean H.D. Fasel, Kieran Murphy, Diego San Millán Ruíz, Philippe Gailloud, Mayumi Oka, and Richard E. Clatterbuck

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Arteriovenous fistula, Pterygoid plexus, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Embolization, Sinus (anatomy), Neuroradiology, Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations, business.industry, Vascular disease, Arteriovenous malformation, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Embolization, Therapeutic, Surgery, medicine.anatomical_structure, medicine.vein, Cavernous Sinus, Female, Neurology (clinical), Radiology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, External jugular vein
Abstract

We present a novel access for transvenous embolization of a dural arteriovenous fistula of the laterocavernous sinus through the external jugular vein and the pterygoid plexus. The anatomy of the laterocavernous sinus is reviewed, and its clinical implications discussed in light of the case of a patient whose management was modified after identifying this anatomical variation.

Published
2007

17. The petrosquamosal sinus in humans

Author

Diego San Millán Ruíz, Hasan Yilmaz, Fabienne Perren, Daniel A. Rüfenacht, Jean Paul Rathgeb, Jean H.D. Fasel, and Philippe Gailloud

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Histology, Cranial Sinuses, Corrosion Casting, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, X ray computed, medicine, Humans, Clinical imaging, Venous hypertension, Child, Molecular Biology, Pathological, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Sinus (anatomy), Aged, Aged, 80 and over, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Angiography, Digital Subtraction, Magnetic resonance imaging, Cell Biology, Original Articles, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Surgery, stomatognathic diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Angiography, Female, Anatomy, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Anatomical entity, Developmental Biology
Abstract

This article provides a comprehensive description of the morphology of the human petrosquamosal sinus (PSS) derived from original observations made on 13 corrosion casts of the cranial venous system combined with routine clinical imaging studies in two patients. The PSS is not a rare finding in the adult human. In particular, continuous developments in imaging techniques have made radiologists become increasingly aware of this anatomical entity in recent years. The role of the PSS as a major encephalic drainage pathway and its potential implication in pathological conditions such as intracranial venous hypertension are discussed.

Published
2006

18. Arterialization of cerebral veins on dynamic MDCT angiography: a possible sign of a dural arteriovenous fistula

Author

Diego San Millán Ruíz, German Abdo, Daniel Ruefenacht, Jacqueline Delavelle, Stephan Meckel, Ernst-Wilhelm Radue, Stephan G. Wetzel, and Karl-Olof Lövblad

Subjects
Cerebral veins, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Arteriovenous fistula, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Aged, Sigmoid sinus, Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Vascular disease, Angiography, Digital Subtraction, Arteriovenous malformation, General Medicine, Digital subtraction angiography, medicine.disease, Cerebral Veins, Intensity (physics), Cerebral Angiography, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Angiography, Arteriovenous Fistula, Female, Radiology, Dura Mater, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Abstract

OBJECTIVE. MDCT angiography allows fast imaging of the cerebral vessels, and its potential as a noninvasive technique to detect vascular abnormalities on the basis of morphologic changes is well established. We analyzed vascular enhancement patterns of cerebral venous structures on MDCT angiography, which enabled us to diagnose dural arteriovenous fistula.CONCLUSION. MDCT angiography performed during an early arterial phase showed asymmetrically higher contrast intensity in the transverse or sigmoid sinus, or both, in five patients. In all patients, digital subtraction angiography confirmed the presence of a dural arteriovenous fistula on the side on which the higher contrast intensity appeared. Radiologists should actively look for this sign in the imaging workup of patients presenting with nonspecific symptoms that might be related to a dural arteriovenous fistula.

Published
2005

19. Venous anomaly

Author

Diego San Millán Ruíz and Dheeraj Gandhi

Subjects
General Medicine
Published
2010

20. Drainage pathways in the middle cranial fossa

Author

Philippe Gailloud, Jean H.D. Fasel, and Diego San Millán Ruíz

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Skull, medicine.anatomical_structure, business.industry, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, General Medicine, Radiology, Drainage, business, Middle cranial fossa
Published
2006

21. The Sphenoparietal Sinus

Author

Jean H.D. Fasel, Philippe Gailloud, and Diego San Millán Ruíz

Subjects
medicine.anatomical_structure, business.industry, Medicine, Sphenoparietal sinus, Surgery, Neurology (clinical), Anatomy, business
Published
2008

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