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Abstract The present study investigates the optimization of the steam gasification process for the conversion of palm oil waste into environmentally friendly energy, utilizing the catalytic properties of calcium oxide and coal bottom ash. The objective of our research is to investigate the enhancement of the conversion process by employing a machine-learning approach. Specifically, we utilize a support vector machine (SVM) to model and evaluate the impact of different operational parameters on the resulting gas mixture. One notable feature of this study involves the incorporation of an adaptive marine predator algorithm (AMPA) into the SVM framework, aiming to enhance the predicted precision and efficiency of the model. The primary focus of this study revolves around the development of an intelligent optimization framework that surpasses conventional machine learning techniques, hence providing a more dynamic and efficient strategy for process improvement. The SVM model’s performance, as assessed against experimental benchmarks, exhibits a notable degree of predictive accuracy and substantial concurrence with observed data. This increase in performance indicates that our methodology has the potential to make a significant contribution to the enhancement of renewable catalysts in gasification processes. The findings of this study could potentially have significant ramifications for the advancement of renewable energy production and the creation of intelligent systems in complicated industrial applications.

Abstract Halide perovskites (HPs) are promising materials for memristor devices because of their unique characteristics. In this study, nonvolatile resistive switching memory devices based on thick MAPbI3 perovskite (800 nm) films with structure FTO/MAPbI3/polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)/Ag are presented. Reproducible and reliable bipolar switching characteristics are demonstrated with an ultra‐low operating voltage (−0.1 V), high ON/OFF ratio (106), endurance (>2 × 103 times) and a record retention time (>105 s). The I–V curve of the first cycle exhibits self‐formed conductive filaments. These are attributed to the presence of metallic Pb resulting from an excess of PbI2 in the perovskite film. The subsequent activation process involves the formation of conductive filaments, consisting of either iodide vacancies or migrated charged metals. Numerical simulations are then carried out to understand the nature of these conductive filaments and the role of the internal electric field in the migration of iodide ions, iodide vacancies, and Ag cations. Finally, an exhaustive model is proposed that explains the set and reset processes governing the first voltage cycle and the steady state, at different voltage ranges. In summary, this work offers a novel and thorough perspective of the complete resistive switching (RS) behavior in a MAPbI3/buffer/Ag memristor, supported by numerical simulations.

En las últimas décadas, los territorios hidrosociales urbanos han adquirido una creciente visibilidad. Esto se debe, por un lado, a un mayor aumento en la frecuencia e intensidad de eventos hidrometeorológicos extremos asociados al cambio climático y, por el otro, a las desiguales repercusiones de estos fenómenos en tiempos de urbanismo neoliberal. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar y describir los paradigmas urbanísticos que orientaron la planificación de los Territorios Hidrosociales Urbanos del arroyo Napostá Grande, en la ciudad de Bahía Blanca (provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina), así como los imaginarios geográficos que han prevalecido en las prácticas, materiales y simbólicas, elaboradas sobre esos territorios en relación con la ocurrencia de inundaciones. Mediante un enfoque cualitativo, se consultan diferentes documentos de planificación urbana con el fin de identificar las diversas formas de imaginar y gestionar esos territorios. Se advierte que las concepciones enmarcadas en un discurso científico-técnico priorizan el ordenamiento moderno de esos territorios hidrosociales quedando, generalmente, excluidas las voces y saberes de otros actores sociales con intereses contrapuestos.

Editorial de presentación del Volumen 5 número 2 de Márgenes, Revista de Educación de la Universidad de Málaga. Número de la revista compuesto por un total de XX textos, distribuidos en las diferentes secciones. Se trata de un número de carácter ecléctico en el que continuamos ofreciendo contenidos fieles a las premisas y los pilares educativos con los que partíamos.

En este trabajo se discute la reformulación europea del enfoque de Políticas Orientadas por Misiones (POM) y su aplicación dentro de países periféricos y semiperiféricos. Mediante un análisis comparado de POM implementadas en Argentina, se propone identificar qué limitaciones puede presentar dicho enfoque dentro de países no centrales. Los resultados indican que ciertas características vinculadas a las estructuras productivas, a las capacidades de planificación estatal y al posicionamiento geopolítico e industrial de estos países no parecenser compatibles con el enfoque eurocentrista de estas políticas. Se concluye que las POM implementadas en la región deben hacerlo desde una perspectiva situada, que tome en cuenta las características institucionales, productivas y tecnológicas de la periferia y semiperiferia.

Two nonidentical quantum emitters, when placed within a cavity and coherently excited at the two-photon resonance, can reach stationary states of nearly maximal entanglement. In Vivas-Viaña, Martín-Cano, and Sánchez Muñoz [Phys. Rev. Lett. 133, 173601 (2024)10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.173601], we introduce a frequency-resolved Purcell effect stabilizing entangled W states among strongly interacting quantum emitters embedded in a cavity. Here we delve deeper into a specific configuration with a particularly rich phenomenology: two interacting quantum emitters under coherent excitation at the two-photon resonance. This scenario yields two resonant cavity frequencies where the combination of two-photon driving and Purcell-enhanced decay stabilizes the system into the subradiant and superradiant states, respectively. By considering the case of nondegenerate emitters and exploring the parameter space of the system, we show that this mechanism is merely one among a complex family of phenomena that can generate both stationary and metastable entanglement when driving the emitters at the two-photon resonance. We provide a global perspective of this landscape of mechanisms and contribute analytical characterizations and insights into these phenomena, establishing connections with previous reports in the literature and discussing how some of these effects can be optically detected.

El artículo propone la descripción de una metodología para la construcción de un índice de transparencia de las páginas web locales en la Argentina a partir de la definición de componentes, dimensiones e indicadores ponderados. Para ello se propone la identificación de trabajos o antecedentes en la materia, para luego construir un marco teórico respecto del concepto de transparencia (en sentido amplio). Como consecuencia del análisis de dicho corpus se describe el trabajo metodológico para la construcción del índice y sus indicadores ponderados. Como consecuencia de lo anterior se exponen un conjunto de antecedentes y discusiones teóricas relevantes (con la primacía de una mirada restringida de la transparencia) y se identifica la necesidad de complementar los instrumentos existentes con un sistema de clasificación en base a las dimensiones y componentes definidos. Para ello se propone la identificación de trabajos o antecedentes en la materia, para luego construir un marco teórico respecto del concepto de transparencia (en sentido amplio). Como consecuencia del análisis de dicho corpus se describe el trabajo metodológico para la construcción del índice y sus indicadores ponderados. Como consecuencia de lo anterior se exponen un conjunto de antecedentes y discusiones teóricas relevantes (con la primacía de una mirada restringida de la transparencia) y se identifica la necesidad de complementar los instrumentos existentes con un sistema de clasificación en base a las dimensiones y componentes definidos.

Background: Altered lipid metabolism in cancer is associated to dissemination and prognosis. Bioactive compounds naturally occurring in Achillea millefolium L. (yarrow) have been reported to exert antitumour activities. Food biotechnology may provide on-demand mixtures of bioactive compounds with complementary activities in cancer treatment.Methods: Supercritical-antisolvent-precipitation (SAS) has been applied to fractionate the bioactive compounds from an Ultrasound-Assisted-Extraction yarrow extract resulting in two extracts with distinct polarity, yarrow-precipitate-(PP) and yarrow-separator-(Sep). Total phenolic content and relevant essential oils have been characterized. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activities have been compared. Moreover, the effect on the inhibition of colorectal cancer cells’ bioenergetics has been evaluated.Results: Yarrow-PP exerted the highest antioxidant activity, even higher than the complete UAE-yarrow extract, meanwhile yarrow-Sep showed the highest anti-inflammatory activity, even higher than the complete UAE-yarrow extract. Interestingly, yarrow-Sep inhibited key lipid metabolic targets in CRC cells extensively shown to be implicated in cancer dissemination and prognosis —SREBF1, FASN, ABCA1 and HMGCR— and epithelial to mesenchymal targets—CDH1, ATP1B1, CDH2 and Vimentin—augmenting cell adhesion.Conclusions: In summary, SAS technology has been applied to provide a novel combination of bioactive compounds, yarrow-Sep, which merits further research to be proposed as a potential complementary nutraceutical in the treatment of CRC.

Abstract The propensity of bacteria to grow collectively in communities known as biofilms and their ability to overcome clinical treatments in this condition has become a major medical problem, emphasizing the need for anti-biofilm strategies. Antagonistic microbial interactions have extensively served as searching platforms for antibiotics, but their potential as sources for anti-biofilm compounds has barely been exploited. By screening for microorganisms that in agar-set pairwise interactions could antagonize Escherichia coli’s ability to form macrocolony biofilms, we found that the soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis strongly inhibits the synthesis of amyloid fibers –known as curli-, which are the primary extracellular matrix (ECM) components of E. coli biofilms. We identified bacillaene, a B. subtilis hybrid non-ribosomal peptide/polyketide metabolite, previously described as a bacteriostatic antibiotic, as the effector molecule. We found that bacillaene combines both antibiotic and anti-curli functions in a concentration-dependent order that potentiates the ecological competitiveness of B. subtilis, highlighting bacillaene as a metabolite naturally optimized for microbial inhibition. Our studies revealed that bacillaene inhibits curli by directly impeding the assembly of the CsgB and CsgA curli subunits into amyloid fibers. Moreover, we found that curli inhibition occurs despite E. coli attempts to reinforce its protective ECM by inducing curli genes via a RpoS-mediated competition sensing response trigged by the threatening presence of B. subtilis. Overall, our findings illustrate the relevance of exploring microbial interactions not only for finding compounds with unknown and unique activities, but for uncovering additional functions of compounds previously categorized as antibiotics.

Las sociedades prehispánicas de Casabindo en la Puna jujeña emplearon estrategias particulares para enfrentar los desafíos ambientales, en particular la escasez de agua. Una de las estrategias fue la construcción de reservorios de agua destinados al riego agrícola. Sin embargo, los estudios específicos relacionados con estas estructuras han sido marginales en comparación a otros dispositivos hidráulicos. Casabindo tiene importantes ejemplos de reservorios de agua prehispánicos que nos permiten investigar sobre las tecnologías hidráulicas usadas por los campesinos de los períodos Tardío e Inca. El objetivo del presente trabajo es brindar una descripción detallada de las características tecnológicas involucradas en la construcción y en el funcionamiento de los reservorios de agua identificados en la región. Para ello empleamos teledetección, georreferenciación en campo y análisis espacial en un Sistema de Información Geográfica. El análisis de las estructuras denominadas Po-δ, Po-ε, Cap-δ y Ta-φ, junto al hallazgo de una nueva (Po-α), revela conocimientos ancestrales sobre la gestión del agua y las diversas técnicas constructivas que permitieron crear reservorios de agua. Se identificaron patrones claves, principalmente en la construcción de los diques, indicando que la mayor inversión de tiempo se aplicaba a esta parte del reservorio. La ubicación de los reservorios dentro del sistema de riego suele ser en el inicio del mismo, pero la distancia con relación al área irrigada varía dependiendo de cada sistema. Este estudio mejora la comprensión de los sistemas de riego, vinculando estos dispositivos con nuevos sectores agrícolas y enriqueciendo la comprensión de paisajes agrarios en Casabindo.

ABSTRACTA genome scale metabolic model of the bacterium Paracoccus denitrificans has been constructed. The model containing 972 metabolic genes, 1,371 reactions, and 1,388 unique metabolites has been reconstructed. The model was used to carry out quantitative predictions of biomass yields on 10 different carbon sources under aerobic conditions. Yields on C1 compounds suggest that formate is oxidized by a formate dehydrogenase O, which uses ubiquinone as redox co-factor. The model also predicted the threshold methanol/mannitol uptake ratio, above which ribulose biphosphate carboxylase has to be expressed in order to optimize biomass yields. Biomass yields on acetate, formate, and succinate, when NO3− is used as electron acceptor, were also predicted correctly. The model reconstruction revealed the capability of P. denitrificans to grow on several non-conventional substrates such as adipic acid, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, and ethylene glycol. The capacity to grow on these substrates was tested experimentally, and the experimental biomass yields on these substrates were accurately predicted by the model.IMPORTANCEParacoccus denitrificans has been broadly used as a model denitrifying organism. It grows on a large portfolio of carbon sources, under aerobic and anoxic conditions. These characteristics, together with its amenability to genetic manipulations, make P. denitrificans a promising cell factory for industrial biotechnology. This paper presents and validates the first functional genome-scale metabolic model for P. denitrificans, which is a key tool to enable P. denitrificans as a platform for metabolic engineering and industrial biotechnology. Optimization of the biomass yield led to accurate predictions in a broad scope of substrates.

Editorial de presentación del Volumen 5 número 1 de Márgenes, Revista de Educación de la Universidad de Málaga. Número de la revista compuesto por un total de 14 textos, distribuidos en las diferentes secciones. Se trata de un número de carácter ecléctico en el que continuamos ofreciendo contenidos fieles a las premisas y los pilares educativos con los que partíamos.

Las evaluaciones externas se han convertido en políticas esenciales para los gestores educativos, que buscan una Educación de calidad, basada en la autonomía escolar, la rendición de cuentas y la gestión basada en resultados. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el contexto en el que se enmarcan las evaluaciones externas en España y las consecuencias de estas políticas con respecto a la equidad. Para ello se realiza en 2020 un Estudio de Caso a través de dos estrategias de análisis: entrevistas semiestructuradas y análisis documental de los proyectos educativos; así como la revisión de la normativa vigente en el transcurso de la investigación. Los resultados señalan a las evaluaciones externas como un instrumento de control sobre el equipo directivo y el profesorado. En las conclusiones se señala que convirtiéndose estos en la prioridad de los sistemas educativos y agravando las desigualdades.

Synthetic polymers, commonly known as plastics, are currently present in all aspects of our lives. Although they are useful, they present the problem of what to do with them after their lifespan. There are currently mechanical and chemical methods to treat plastics, but these are methods that, among other disadvantages, can be expensive in terms of energy or produce polluting gases. A more environmentally friendly alternative is recycling, although this practice is not widespread. Based on the practice of the so-called circular economy, many studies are focused on the biodegradation of these polymers by enzymes. Using enzymes is a harmless method that can also generate substances with high added value. Novel and enhanced plastic-degrading enzymes have been obtained by modifying the amino acid sequence of existing ones, especially on their active site, using a wide variety of genetic approaches. Currently, many studies focus on the common aim of achieving strains with greater hydrolytic activity toward a different range of plastic polymers. Although in most cases the depolymerization rate is improved, more research is required to develop effective biodegradation strategies for plastic recycling or upcycling. This review focuses on a compilation and discussion of the most important research outcomes carried out on microbial biotechnology to degrade and recycle plastics.

Con la voluntad de ejercer la negacion como acto de divergencia, en este articulo se estructuran argumentos para superar la ensennza lineal, prescriptiva y positivista de la arquitectura. En este sentido, se reivindica al taller como modalidad pedagogica, como espacio de ensennza- aprendizaje en la actualidad y como campo de produccion de conocimiento proyectual. En las conclusiones, se asevera la pertinencia del taller para la superacion de las logicas tradicionales, en favor de la formacion critica, reflexiva y compleja. Y se promociona la epistemologi del disen, en sinergia con la formacion academica y disciplinar, a traves de las habilidades del propio pensamiento proyectual, en su orden racional, creativo y narrativo.

This study explores urban forestry as a maintenance practice capable of enhancing more-than-human commons in the city. Focusing on the places associated with tree care, the methodology takes as a case study the Tokyo Metropolitan Parks, conducting quantitative and qualitative analysis through the means of immersive field work and questionnaires, to reveal how urban forestry practices materialize within the parks. Regarding the spatial relations between humans and/or non-humans with resources, different Urban Forestry Elements (UFE) have been found, as well as their collection in groups within the parks forming Urban Forestry Assemblages (UFA). The paper creates a comprehensive framework that reveals these places for urban forestry as important beacons for urban commoning.

Editorial de presentación del Volumen 4 número 2 de Márgenes, Revista de Educación de la Universidad de Málaga. Décimo número de la revista, compuesto por un total de 14 textos, distribuidos en las diferentes secciones. Se trata de un número de carácter ecléctico en el que continuamos ofreciendo contenidos fieles a las premisas y los pilares educativos con los que partíamos.

La enseñanza de la arquitectura en Argentina ha discurrido alternativamente por dos modelos pedagógicos: el de la Ecole Polytechnique por un lado y, por otro, el denominado Beaux Arts. En este contexto, la enseñanza de las asignaturas técnicas, en particularde las instalaciones, ha estado signada fundamentalmente por el sistema positivista-cientificista, en detrimento de una concepción integral vinculada con la práctica proyectual. ¿Cómo surge la asignatura en el territorio nacional y cuántos postulados del legado academicista prevalecen hoy en las dinámicas de enseñanza-aprendizaje de las principales universidades de la Argentina? Con el objeto de explorar las particularidades en contenidos, procedimientos y métodos se focaliza en fines del siglo XIX y principios del siglo XX como período fundacional. En términos metodológicos, se recurre a una discusión bibliográfica que articula, entre otras variables de análisis, los programas de estudio, la problematización de temas, las ejercitaciones prácticas, los sistemas de representación gráfica y el material bibliográfico presente en las secuencias pedagógicas. Asimismo, el análisis recupera documentos históricos complementarios. Parte de los resultados pretenden revelar cómo la enseñanza de la asignatura Instalaciones, aun con períodos de ruptura, sostiene en la actualidad el diálogo con aquellos modelos validados por la tradición.

We present a proposal for a tunable source of single photons operating in the terahertz (THz) regime. This scheme transforms incident visible photons into quantum THz radiation by driving a single polar quantum emitter with an optical laser, with its permanent dipole enabling dressed THz transitions enhanced by the resonant coupling to a cavity. This mechanism offers optical tunability of properties such as the frequency of the emission or its quantum statistics (ranging from antibunching to entangled multiphoton states) by modifying the intensity and frequency of the drive. We show that the implementation of this proposal is feasible with state-of-the-art photonics technology.

Hablar de Historia Clínica electrónica en Colombia, implicar hacer un análisis normativo desde los orígenes de la historia clínica y todo su desarrollo hasta la presente época. Este artículo es el resultado de la investigación desarrollada por el grupo de estudios jurídicos de la facultad de Derecho de la Universidad CES, en su línea de Estudios Jurídicos en Informática y Tecnologías –GEJIT-, denominada “historia clínica electrónica en Colombia: Diseño de estándares para su reconocimiento jurídico”. Uno de los objetivos específicos planteados es el análisis del contexto histórico del sistema de información en salud y particularmente de la Historia Clínica como columna vertebral de este, y en su posterior normativa frente a la historia clínica electrónica, razón por la cual el artículo se dedicará hacer todo el recorrido normativo desde la ley 23 de 1981, primer referente de historia clínica, hasta la ley 2015 de 2020, y el respectiva marco normativo para la validez de la historia clínica electrónica como mensaje de datos y la protección de los datos personales dentro de la misma.

El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar las estructuras agrícolas prehispánicas halladas mediante sensores remotos y prospecciones pedestres en la cuenca hidrográfica del Río Negro. Asimismo, el estudio de la arquitectura productiva en combinación con el análisis de las condiciones de humedad actuales de la zona nos lleva a preguntarnos sobre la elección de las quebradas tributarias del Río Negro para la producción agrícola. Los estudios aquí presentados forman parte de una investigación sistemática sobre los paisajes agropastoriles del área sur de la localidad de Casabindo (Jujuy, Argentina), que busca indagar además sobre la relación de las áreas productivas identificadas con el poblado-pukara de Pueblo Viejo de Tucute, y los cambios y continuidades en el uso del espacio con la presencia del incanato en la región. Al momento hemos podido identificar 24 áreas con andenería en diversos sectores de las quebradas tributarias del Río Negro. La instalación de los andenes en esta topografía escarpada y protegida donde se emplaza Pueblo Viejo de Tucute, nos lleva proponer la pertenencia cultural de las estructuras a los habitantes de dicho poblado, y el carácter beneficioso en términos de humedad relativa del ambiente de este sistema de quebradas para la práctica agrícola frente a las condiciones áridas imperantes en la región. Por otro lado, la presencia en algunos sectores de andenes de grandes dimensiones sobreimpuestos a un sustrato arquitectónico previo, y el hallazgo de las figuras de dos llamas representadas en cuarzo blanco en un muro de andén, nos permite sostener que esta cuenca fue posteriormente ocupada por los incas.

Introduction and Objectives: Hepatitis B virus subgenotype F1b infection has been associated with the early occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronically infected patients from Alaska and Peru. In Argentina, however, despite the high prevalence of subgenotype F1b infection, this relationship has not been described. This study aimed to unravel the observed differences in the progression of the infection, and an in-depth molecular and biological characterization of the subgenotype F1b was performed. Materials and Methods: 99 subgenotype F1b full-length sequences were obtained, and phylogeny was addressed by the maximum likelihood method. The replicative capacity of the subgenotype F1b clones was assessed by qPCR, Southern and Northern blot analysis. Antigen expression was detected by electrochemiluminescence and Western blot. The analysis of signaling pathways associated with hepatocarcinogenesis was assessed by RT-qPCR. Results: Phylogenetic analysis of subgenotype F1b genomes revealed the existence of two highly supported clusters. One of the clusters, designated as gtF1b Basal included sequences mostly from Alaska, Peru, and Chile, while the other, called gtF1b Cosmopolitan, contained samples mainly from Argentina and Chile. The clusters were characterized by a differential signature pattern of eight nucleotides distributed throughout the genome. In vitro characterization of representative clones from each cluster revealed major differences in viral RNA levels, virion secretion, and antigen expression levels. Interestingly, differential regulation in the expression of genes associated with tumorigenesis was also identified. Conclusions: This study provides new insights into the molecular and biological characteristics of the subgenotype F1b clusters and contributes to unraveling the different clinical outcomes of subgenotype F1b chronic infections.

Introducción: Se han publicado múltiples abordajes para el tratamiento de las fracturas que involucran las columnas posteriores de los platillos tibiales. Presentamos un abordaje anatómico intergemelar para tratar todas las fracturas con compromiso del componente posterior. Este procedimiento permite el acceso con visualización completa de toda la región posterior facilitando la reducción y colocación del material de osteosíntesis necesario para lograr la configuración más estable. Se describe el abordaje intergemelar posteromediano de acceso al platillo tibial descrito por nuestro equipo. Conclusiones: Consideramos que esta vía de abordaje representa una opción por tener en cuenta al tratar fracturas que afecten ambas columnas posteriores, alguna de ellas de manera aislada o la inserción tibial del ligamento cruzado posterior. Si bien las estructuras neurovasculares requieren atención constante durante el acto quirúrgico, la visión directa de ellas y su protección meticulosa, realizada por cirujanos experimentados, reduce al mínimo el riesgo de lesión y su manipulación no es una contraindicación para la elección de esta vía.

This study aims to investigate the impact of hormonal imbalances during menopause, compounded by the natural ageing process, on bone health. Specifically, it examines the effects of increased bone turnover and focal bone balance on bone mass. A three-dimensional computational bone remodeling model was employed to simulate the response of the femur to habitual loads over a 19-year period, spanning premenopause, menopause, and postmenopause. The model was calibrated using experimental bone mineral density data from the literature to ensure accurate simulations. The study reveals that individual alterations in bone turnover or focal bone balance do not fully account for the observed experimental outcomes. Instead, simultaneous changes in both factors provide a more comprehensive explanation, leading to increased porosity while maintaining the material-to-apparent density ratio. Additionally, different load scenarios were tested, demonstrating that reaching the clinical osteoporosis threshold is independent of the timing of load changes. However, underload scenarios resulted in the threshold being reached approximately 6 years earlier than overload scenarios. These findings hold significant implications for strategies aimed at delaying the onset of osteoporosis and minimizing fracture risks through targeted mechanical stimulation during the early stages of menopause.

Predicting particulate matter with a diameter of 10 μm (PM10) is crucial due to its impact on human health and the environment. Today, aerosol optical depth (AOD) offers high resolution and wide coverage, making it a viable way to estimate PM concentrations. Recent years have also witnessed in-creasing promise in refining air quality predictions via deep neural network (DNN) models, out-performing other techniques. However, learning the weights and biases of the DNN is a task classified as an NP-hard problem. Current approaches such as gradient-based methods exhibit significant limitations, such as the risk of becoming ensnared in local minimal within multi-objective loss functions, substantial computational requirements, and the requirement for continuous objective functions. To tackle these challenges, this paper introduces a novel approach that combines the binary gray wolf optimizer (BGWO) with DNN to improve the optimization of models for air pollution prediction. The BGWO algorithm, inspired by the behavior of gray wolves, is used to optimize both the weight and bias of the DNN. In the proposed BGWO, a novel sigmoid function is proposed as a transfer function to adjust the position of the wolves. This study gathers meteorological data, topographic information, PM10 pollution data, and satellite images. Data preparation includes tasks such as noise removal and handling missing data. The proposed approach is evaluated through cross-validation using metrics such as correlation rate, R square, root-mean-square error (RMSE), and accuracy. The effectiveness of the BGWO-DNN framework is compared to seven other machine learning (ML) models. The experimental evaluation of the BGWO-DNN method using air pollution data shows its superior performance compared with traditional ML techniques. The BGWO-DNN, CapSA-DNN, and BBO-DNN models achieved the lowest RMSE values of 16.28, 19.26, and 20.74, respectively. Conversely, the SVM-Linear and GBM algorithms displayed the highest levels of error, yielding RMSE values of 36.82 and 32.50, respectively. The BGWO-DNN algorithm secured the highest R2 (88.21%) and accuracy (93.17%) values, signifying its superior performance compared with other models. Additionally, the correlation between predicted and actual values shows that the proposed model surpasses the performance of other ML techniques. This paper also observes relatively stable pollution levels during spring and summer, contrasting with significant fluctuations during autumn and winter.

Editorial de presentación del Volumen 4 número 1 de Márgenes, Revista de Educación de la Universidad de Málaga. Décimo número de la revista, compuesto por un total de 15 textos, distribuidos en las diferentes secciones. Se trata de un número de carácter ecléctico en el que continuamos ofreciendo contenidos fieles a las premisas y los pilares educativos con los que partíamos.

Background In transanal minimally-invasive surgery (TAMIS), the closure of the rectal defect is controversial, and endoluminal suture is one of the most challenging aspects. The goal of the present study is to evaluate the short- and medium-term complications of a consecutive series of patients with extraperitoneal rectal injuries who underwent TAMIS without closure of the rectal defect. Materials and Methods A prospective, longitudinal, descriptive study conducted between August 2013 and July 2019 in which all patients with extraperitoneal rectal lesions, who were operated on using the TAMIS technique, were consecutively included. The lesions were: benign lesions ≥ 3 cm; neuroendocrine tumors ≤ 2 cm; adenocarcinomas in stage T1N0; and adenocarcinomas in stage T2N0, with high surgical risk, or with the patients reluctant to undergo radical surgery, and others with doubts about complete remission after the neoadjuvant therapy. Bleeding, infectious complications, rectal stenosis, perforations, and death were evaluated. Results A total of 35 patients were treated using TAMIS without closure of the defect. The average size of the lesions was of 3.68 ± 2.1 cm (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 0.7 cm to 9 cm), their average distance from the anal margin was of 5.7 ± 1.48 cm, and the average operative time was of 39.2 ± 20.5 minutes, with a minimum postoperative follow-up of 1 year. As for the pathologies, they were: 15 adenomas; 3 carcinoid tumors; and 17 adenocarcinomas. In all cases, the rectal defect was left open. The overall morbidity was of 14.2%. Two patients (grade II in the Clavien-Dindo classification) were readmitted for pain treatment, and three patients (grade III in the Clavien-Dindo classification) were assisted due to postoperative bleeding, one of whom required reoperation. Conclusion The TAMIS technique without closure of the rectal defect yields good results, and present a high feasibility and low complication rate.

Resumen Contar una historia (monogatari) sobre la cocina japonesa conlleva inevitablemente una reflexión sobre la tipología arquitectónica más célebre del país: la casa unifamiliar. Después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, la vivienda unifamiliar se convirtió en la unidad básica que conformó el paisaje urbano japonés. El rápido crecimiento económico dio lugar a un claro patrón no sólo en el mercado de la vivienda, sino también en la composición familiar. Influenciados por modelos occidentales, los roles de género convencionales se encarnaron en el hombre asalariado (salaryman), relacionado con los centros corporativos, y el ama de casa a tiempo completo (sengyō shufu), asociada al espacio doméstico. Entre todas las piezas habitacionales, la cocina era la más clara en su premisa: el lugar donde la mujer cocina. Esta construcción social estaba codificada en su articulación espacial, ya que solía estar aislada del resto de las habitaciones, posicionada en el fondo de la casa. Las arquitectas y arquitectos japoneses han desafiado estas convenciones mediante diseños de casas radicales, a menudo elogiadas por su pequeñez, blancura y ligereza. Sin embargo, resulta necesario ir más allá de esta ‘fetichización’ para evaluar estas propuestas conforme a las relaciones que plantean. Sus atrevidos diseños no sólo son innovadores en términos formales, sino que van más allá, subvirtiendo las nociones normativas de domesticidad y sugiriendo diversas ‘performatividades’ en la arquitectura. La cocina es a menudo el lugar donde la experimentación es más evidente, materializando ingeniosos conceptos en los modos de habitar. Las cuestiones relativas a la tecnología, la economía y, sobre todo, el género se despliegan en este lugar de trabajo doméstico. Conectada o aislada, visible u oculta, la cocina cristaliza las relaciones de poder a través de acciones arquitectónicas. Desde una perspectiva crítica de género, este artículo aborda las casas japonesas desde el siglo XX hasta la actualidad, mostrando diversas estrategias y exponiendo aquellos principios arquitectónicos y convenciones sociales contra los que se rebelan. Estas casas fomentan la creación de realidades alternativas, trastocando las ideas preconcebidas de lo que es una cocina, una casa o una familia. Abstract Telling a story (monogatari) about the Japanese kitchen inevitably entails reflecting on the most celebrated architectural typology in the country, the detached house. After World War II, it became the basic unit that shaped the Japanese urban landscape. Rapid economic growth resulted in a clear pattern not only in the housing market but also in family composition. Influenced by western models, conventional gender roles were embodied in the breadwinner (salaryman), related to corporate centers, and the full-time homemaker (sengyō shufu), associated with the domestic space. Among all the rooms, the kitchen was the clearest in its premise: the place where the wife cooks. This gender construct was encoded in its spatial articulation, with the kitchen being hidden from the rest of the house and usually occupying a dead-end position. Japanese architects have challenged these conventions through radical house designs, often praised for their smallness, whiteness, and lightness. However, it is necessary to go beyond this ‘fetishization’ to evaluate these proposals for the relationships they pose. Their bold designs are not only ground-breaking in formal terms but go further, subverting normative notions of domesticity and suggesting alternative gender ‘performativities’ in architecture. The kitchen is often the site of the most outstanding experimentation, materializing inventive concepts of living. Questions concerning technology, economy, and above all, gender unfold in this domestic workplace. If connected or isolated, visible or hidden, it materializes power relations through architectural actions. From a critical gender perspective, this article takes Japanese houses from the 20th century to the present day, showing diverse strategies and exposing those architectural principles and social conventions against which they rebel. These houses foster the creation of alternative realities, disrupting preconceived ideas of what is a kitchen, what is a house, or what is a family.

Abstract Telling a story (monogatari) about the Japanese kitchen inevitably entails reflecting on the most celebrated architectural typology in the country, the detached house. After World War II, it became the basic unit that shaped the Japanese urban landscape. Rapid economic growth resulted in a clear pattern not only in the housing market but also in family composition. Influenced by western models, conventional gender roles were embodied in the breadwinner (salaryman), related to corporate centers, and the full-time homemaker (sengyō shufu), associated with the domestic space. Among all the rooms, the kitchen was the clearest in its premise: the place where the wife cooks. This gender construct was encoded in its spatial articulation, with the kitchen being hidden from the rest of the house and usually occupying a dead-end position. Japanese architects have challenged these conventions through radical house designs, often praised for their smallness, whiteness, and lightness. However, it is necessary to go beyond this ‘fetishization’ to evaluate these proposals for the relationships they pose. Their bold designs are not only ground-breaking in formal terms but go further, subverting normative notions of domesticity and suggesting alternative gender ‘performativities’ in architecture. The kitchen is often the site of the most outstanding experimentation, materializing inventive concepts of living. Questions concerning technology, economy, and above all, gender unfold in this domestic workplace. If connected or isolated, visible or hidden, it materializes power relations through architectural actions. From a critical gender perspective, this article takes Japanese houses from the 20th century to the present day, showing diverse strategies and exposing those architectural principles and social conventions against which they rebel. These houses foster the creation of alternative realities, disrupting preconceived ideas of what is a kitchen, what is a house, or what is a family

El presente trabajo recupera la experiencia de Presupuesto Participativo en Vivienda desarrollada en Belo Horizonte, Brasil. El objetivo es poner en valor aspectos de la participación ciudadana que posibilitaron el acceso a una vivienda y la ciudad por parte de la población de escasos recursos. La metodología utilizada comprendió la utilización de material bibliográfico, el relevamiento de informes y planos en el municipio de Belo Horizonte, así como la realización de entrevistas a investigadores y personal técnico que participo de la experiencia.Los principales resultados de la investigación revelan que el OPH significó un punto de inflexión en el campo de la política habitacional del Belo Horizonte. Si bien representó un avance respecto de la relación Estado-sociedad en la discusión y definición de recursos públicos, desde lo urbano y la arquitectura, los conjuntos habitacionales no diefieren de otros correspondientes a políticas específicas de hábitat desarrollados en America Latina.

El siguiente artículo se propone estudiar el carácter sistémico y selectivo del Fondo Argentino Sectorial (FONARSEC) a través de un análisis de las modalidades de operación de sus principales instrumentos, los Fondos Sectoriales. A partir del marco teórico de policy mix, se discute que estos instrumentos, pese a su enfoque selectivo, utilizan un modelo de diseño transversal que impide que sus acciones se adecuen a las características particulares de las diferentes trayectorias tecnológicas seleccionadas. A su vez, al operar de manera aislada respecto a otras esferas de la política pública, las soluciones ofrecidas pueden ser insuficientes para resolver fallas sistémicas complejas. Mediante un estudio de caso comparado se corroboró que el uso de instrumentos individuales y transversales creó inconsistencias en los resultados de la política implementada y limitó el alance sistémico y selectivo del FONARSEC. Se concluye que el uso de instrumentos complementarios y diseñados “a la medida” podría ser un camino más potente para promocionar trayectorias estratégicas para el desarrollo nacional.

Editorial de presentación del Volumen 3 número 3 de Márgenes, Revista de Educación de la Universidad de Málaga. Se trata de un special issue en el que homenajeamos al catedrático emérito de Didáctica de la Universidad de Málaga, el profesor Ángel I. Pérez Gómez, en el momento de su jubilación.

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is the type of thyroid cancer that has the worst prognosis. It usually presents as a rapidly growing cervical mass that generates compressive symptoms. Its association with thyrotoxicosis is rare. A 76-year-old woman, with no contributory history, presented with a 3-month course of fast-growing cervical tumor, associated with tenderness, cough, and weight loss. Physical examination revealed goiter, localized erythema, and a painful and stone tumor dependent on the right thyroid lobe. Due to the malignant findings of the thyroid ultrasound, the patient underwent a thyroid core needle biopsy, which indicated ATC. Laboratory tests revealed leukocytosis, decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone, elevated free thyroxine (fT4), and increased thyroperoxidase (TPO) antibodies. At the beginning, we considered that the etiology of thyrotoxicosis was secondary to subacute thyroiditis (SAT) after SARS-CoV-2 infection, due to the immunochromatography result and chest tomography findings. The result of markedly elevated TPO antibodies left this etiology more remote. Therefore, we suspected Graves’ disease as an etiology; however, thyroid histopathology and ultrasound did not show compatible findings. Therefore, we suspect that the main etiology of thyrotoxicosis in the patient was the destruction of the thyroid follicles caused by a rapid invasion of malignant cells, which is responsible for the consequent release of preformed thyroid hormone. ATC is a rare endocrine neoplasm with high mortality; it may be associated with thyrotoxicosis, whose etiology can be varied; therefore, differential diagnosis is important for proper management.

Este trabajo construye una discusión teórica sobre el alcance de las decisiones constructivas en relación con el proyecto de la Vivienda Social. Se analiza un caso instrumental que visibiliza las transformaciones sucedidas sobre un prototipo. Para explicarlas, desde un posicionamiento disciplinar, se recuperan los avances de un trabajo de campo desarrollado entre los años 2005 y 2020. A partir de este recorte, y sobre la operatoria SubPrograma de Urbanización de Villas y Asentamientos Precarios -La Plata-, se construye como interrogante de investigación: ¿En qué medida las decisiones técnico-proyectuales han resultado un condicionante para la eventual adaptación de las unidades construidas? Los resultados pretenden construir una renovada reflexión sobre el rol de los recursos constructivos en su articulación con estrategias proyectuales hacia la adaptabilidad. Se concluye que su implicancia contribuye con la definición de los aspectos cualitativos de la Vivienda Social, en el marco de estándares que comprometen el accionar de profesionales y técnicos.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) subgenotype F1b infection has been associated with the early occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronically infected patients from Alaska and Peru. In Argentina, however, despite the high prevalence of subgenotype F1b infection, this relationship has not been described. To unravel the observed differences in the progression of the infection, an in-depth molecular and biological characterization of the subgenotype F1b was performed. Phylogenetic analysis of subgenotype F1b full-length genomes revealed the existence of two highly supported clusters. One of the clusters, designated as gtF1b Basal included sequences mostly from Alaska, Peru and Chile, while the other, called gtF1b Cosmopolitan, contained samples mainly from Argentina and Chile. The clusters were characterized by a differential signature pattern of eight nucleotides distributed throughout the genome. In vitro characterization of representative clones from each cluster revealed major differences in viral RNA levels, virion secretion, antigen expression levels, as well as in the localization of the antigens. Interestingly, a differential regulation in the expression of genes associated with tumorigenesis was also identified. In conclusion, this study provides new insights into the molecular and biological characteristics of the subgenotype F1b clusters and contributes to unravel the different clinical outcomes of subgenotype F1b chronic infections.

Editorial de presentación del Volumen 3 número 2 de Márgenes, Revista de Educación de la Universidad de Málaga. Octavo número de la revista, compuesto por un total de 18 textos, distribuidos en las diferentes secciones. Se trata de un número de carácter ecléctico en el que continuamos ofreciendo contenidos fieles a las premisas y los pilares educativos con los que partíamo

Las teorías de la vida cotidiana han construido un enfoque innovador para el abordaje del hábitat masivo. Los análisis interseccionales advierten sobre el impacto de las urbanizaciones monofuncionales. Estos conjuntos de vivienda social, construidos bajo el paradigma de la utilización extensiva de territorio y baja densidad, provocan sobre los grupos más vulnerables, segregación, inseguridad, exclusión social y, en general, degradación del uso de la ciudad. Con el objetivo de visibilizar estas consecuencias, este trabajo se interroga sobre las condiciones de un conjunto habitacional como cualificador del espacio urbano. ¿Qué elementos considerar para garantizar la igualdad de oportunidades, valiéndose de las prestaciones de la ciudad en proximidad? En términos metodológicos, se propone interpelar al barrio El Mercadito (La Plata), una urbanización representativa de una operatoria particular de construcción de viviendas (Subprograma de Urbanización de Villa y Asentamientos). Se construyen para este caso de estudio, cartografías temáticas georreferenciadas, identificando redes de transporte, espacios de relación y equipamiento, considerando las escalas suprabarrial, barrio y vecindario. Parte de los resultados pretenden aportar desde un análisis crítico, con la identificación de estrategias tendientes a la rehabilitación de conjuntos monofuncionales de baja densidad, ponderando sus efectos sobre el acceso al goce de las externalidades positivas de la ciudad.

In this study, we describe the characterization of three efficient chicken feather-degrading Streptomyces bacteria isolated from honeybee samples and assess the impact of their co-cultivation on this activity and antistaphylococcal activity. Streptomyces griseoaurantiacus AD2 was the strain showing the highest keratinolytic activity (4000 U × mL−1), followed by Streptomyces albidoflavus AN1 and Streptomyces drozdowiczii AD1, which both generated approximately 3000 U × mL−1. Moreover, a consortium constituted of these three strains was able to use chicken feathers as its sole nutrient source and growth in such conditions led to a significant increase in antibiotic production. S. griseoaurantiacus AD2 was the only strain that exhibited weak antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. UPLC analyses revealed that a significant number of peaks detected in the extracts of co-cultures of the three strains were missing in the extracts of individual cultures. In addition, the production of specialized metabolites, such as undecylprodigiosin and manumycin A, was clearly enhanced in co-culture conditions, in agreement with the results of the antimicrobial bioassays against S. aureus. Our results revealed the benefits of co-cultivation of these bacterial species in terms of metabolic wealth and antibiotic production. Our work could thus contribute to the development of novel microbial-based strategies to valorize keratin waste.

Synsepalum dulcificum (Richardella dulcifica) is a berry fruit from West Africa with the ability to convert the sour taste into a sweet taste, and for this reason, the fruit is also known as the “miracle berry” (MB). The red and bright berry is rich in terpenoids. The fruit’s pulp and skin contain mainly phenolic compounds and flavonoids, which correlate with their antioxidant activity. Different polar extracts have been described to inhibit cell proliferation and transformation of cancer cell lines in vitro. In addition, MB has been shown to ameliorate insulin resistance in a preclinical model of diabetes induced by a chow diet enriched in fructose. Herein, we have compared the biological activities of three supercritical extracts obtained from the seed—a subproduct of the fruit—and one supercritical extract obtained from the pulp and the skin of MB. The four extracts have been characterized in terms of total polyphenols content. Moreover, the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypo-lipidemic, and inhibition of colorectal cancer cell bioenergetics have been compared. Non-polar supercritical extracts from the seed are the ones with the highest effects on the inhibition of bioenergetic of colorectal (CRC) cancer cells. At the molecular level, the effects on cell bioenergetics seems to be related to the inhibition of main drivers of the de novo lipogenesis, such as the sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor (SREBF1) and downstream molecular targets fatty acid synthase (FASN) and stearoyl coenzyme desaturase 1 (SCD1). As metabolic reprograming is considered as one of the hallmarks of cancer, natural extracts from plants may provide complementary approaches in the treatment of cancer. Herein, for the first time, supercritical extracts from MB have been obtained, where the seed, a by-product of the fruit, seems to be rich in antitumor bioactive compounds. Based on these results, supercritical extracts from the seed merit further research to be proposed as co-adjuvants in the treatment of cancer.

The interrelation effect of slaughtering, drying, and defatting methods of BSFL on the oxidative quality of the derived fat was studied. Blanching and freezing were compared as slaughtering methods, followed by oven or freeze-drying for drying and mechanical pressing or SFE for defatting. The oxidative state and stability of the extracted fat and defatted meals were monitored immediately after their production, using peroxide value (PV) and Rancimat test, and over 24 weeks of storage. Slaughtering and drying methods had an independent effect on PV, with freezing and freeze-drying being the best methods. Mechanical pressing and SFE were comparable and superior to conventional hexane defatting. Interactions were observed between slaughtering and defatting, drying and defatting, and between all three factors. Generally, freeze-drying combined with any of the slaughtering and defatting methods resulted in the lowest PVs, with mechanical pressing being preferred. Freeze-drying plus mechanical pressing also produced the most stable fats during storage according to the evolution of PV, while the combination of blanching and SFE produced the least stable. A significant correlation was found between the PV at 24 weeks and the antioxidant activity of the fats. Contrary to storage assays, in accelerated Rancimat assays, freeze-dried samples were the least stable, which was partially attributed to the significant correlation with the acid values of the samples. Defatted meals followed a similar pattern to the extracted fat, except for worse oxidation for SFE defatting. Therefore, the different processing methods of slaughtering, drying, and defatting of BSFL differently affect lipid oxidation, with interactions between such successive steps.

Urban parks are places that have significant impact on the physical and mental health of citizens, but they are also for safeguarding biodiversity and thus fostering human–nature interactions in the everyday landscape. The exploration of these spaces through social media represents a novel field of research that is contributing to revealing patterns of visitor behavior. However, there is a lack of comparable research from a non-anthropocentric perspective. What if we could use social media as a more-than-human communication medium? This research aims to reveal the possibility of communicating the urban forest’s voice through the examination of the official Twitter account of a metropolitan park in Tokyo. To this end, an analysis of the content of the messages is carried out, focusing on the narrative voice from which the message is told, the protagonists, the action performed, the network of actors deployed, and the place where it occurs. It is found that the majority of these messages are delivered from a non-human perspective, where plants, animals, or meteorological agents behave deploying complex networks of more-than-human interaction. The current study reveals the latent potential of non-humans as possible agents within the realm of social media, which can mediate the relationships between humans and their environment. It introduces a layer that can be incorporated into future lines of research, as well as provides a model case that illustrates a good practice in the management and communication of urban green spaces.

The objective of this study was to review the existing international literature on research and programs for the reduction of disruptive behavior in primary school students. For this purpose, according to PRISMA-ScR, a mixed systematic review was performed in six databases in order to obtain wide and extensive information related to the subject under study. The studies obtained were analyzed through a table which emphasized the data related to: Author(s), year, educational stage, location, objectives, instruments, and results. As for the selection of studies, the UNESCO Thesaurus and the ERIC Thesaurus terminology was used. In addition to specifying the search for studies performed between 2004 and 2020 (both inclusive), articles written in Spanish and English were selected. Furthermore, in a final phase among the articles analyzed, those that were not or did not contain intervention programs were discarded. Therefore, a total of thirty-five articles out of more than twenty thousand were analyzed in depth. The results showed that a majority of programs were implemented in the primary education stage, as well as a predominance of the use of instruments, such as questionnaires and observation charts. In addition, it is important to underline that 77.14% of the programs analyzed were effective, hence, they met the proposed objectives. In summary, although the number of intervention programs for the reduction of disruptive behavior that can be found in the international scientific literature is growing, there is still a long way to go in order to create a large network that can serve as a foundation for interventions in primary education students.

Este trabajo presenta una discusión teórica a partir de los resultados de las jornadas de trabajo en taller del WorkShop “Técnica, tectónica y tecnología para la vivienda contemporánea: estrategias y recursos proyectuales”, desarrollado en la Facultad de Arte, Diseño y Urbanismo de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción del Paraguay. Interpelando la vivienda contemporánea a partir de su materialidad, y relativizando su concepción como objeto en permanente transformación, se propuso construir un espacio de reflexión colectiva y crítica arquitectónica. En lo específico, los encuentros intensivos de trabajo alentaron la construcción conceptual de dispositivos tecnológicos, organizativos y morfológicodimensionales, con el objeto de habilitar soluciones alternativas para definir los rasgos esenciales de la vivienda de nuestro tiempo. Se revisaron estrategias y recursos proyectuales, que haciendo foco en la tecnología, permitieran resolver como casos instrumentales, una serie de organizaciones familiares diversas. Como parte de la discusión, se exponen aquellos casos que contribuyeron a definir una tectónica para la vivienda contemporánea, en oposición al carácter menos permeable a las transformaciones, aspecto heredado de la concepción vitruviana y representado por el firmitas.

Cecal volvulus is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction, with multifactorial etiologies. This is a case report describing a 52-year-old female with a cecal volvulus diagnosis made during the laparotomy procedure, which was treated with a right hemicolectomy with a side-to-side ileotransverse anastomosis. The aim of this report is to emphasize the importance of a diagnosis and appropriate treatment in this rare pathology in abdominal procedures. In this particular case, the patient benefited from an early surgical intervention without further complications, as well as an adequate postoperative evolution; it is important to acknowledge and consider this pathology during differential diagnosis, and not delay the treatment in patients with cecal volvulus. A critical review of the literature is included and discussed.

Editorial de presentación del Volumen 3 número 1 de Márgenes, Revista de Educación de la Universidad de Málaga. Séptimo número de la revista, compuesto por un total de 17 textos, distribuidos en las diferentes secciones. Se trata de un número de carácter ecléctico en el que continuamos ofreciendo contenidos fieles a las premisas y los pilares educativos con los que partíamos.

Two efficient feather-degrading bacteria were isolated from honeybee samples and identified as Bacillus sonorensis and Bacillus licheniformis based on 16S rRNA and genome sequencing. The strains were able to grow on chicken feathers as the sole carbon and nitrogen sources and degraded the feathers in a few days. The highest keratinase activity was detected by the B. licheniformis CG1 strain (3800 U × mL−1), followed by B. sonorensis AB7 (1450 U × mL−1). Keratinase from B. licheniformis CG1 was shown to be active across a wide range of pH, potentially making this strain advantageous for further industrial applications. All isolates displayed antimicrobial activity against Micrococcus luteus; however, only B. licheniformis CG1 was able to inhibit the growth of Mycobacterium smegmatis. In silico analysis using BAGEL and antiSMASH identified gene clusters associated with the synthesis of non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS), polyketide synthases (PKSs) and/or ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) in most of the Bacillus isolates. B. licheniformis CG1, the only strain that inhibited the growth of the mycobacterial strain, contained sequences with 100% similarity to lichenysin (also present in the other isolates) and lichenicidin (only present in the CG1 strain). Both compounds have been described to display antimicrobial activity against distinct bacteria. In summary, in this work, we have isolated a strain (B. licheniformis CG1) with promising potential for use in different industrial applications, including animal nutrition, leather processing, detergent formulation and feather degradation.

The supercritical defatting of H. illucens was scaled up at 450 bar and 60 °C from a 270 cm3 extraction cell to a vessel five times larger. Then, eight different H. illucens larvae batches, with variable content of oil (16.80–29.17% w/w) and moisture (4.45–15.95% w/w) were defatted. The effect of these parameters on yield and oil composition was analyzed. The presence of moisture in the larvae batch, in the range of the values studied, had no negative effect on the oil recovery efficiency, which was mainly determined by the initial content of oil in the larvae samples. Furthermore, no differences were determined in the fatty acid profile of the oils recovered, which were rich in saturated fatty acids, mainly lauric acid (ca. 50% w/w). Minor lipids, such as squalene and phytosterols, were determined in all the oil samples. The moisture content in the oils extracted was in the range of 0.118–1.706% w/w. Therefore, some samples exceeded the limits recommended for volatile matter in edible fats and oils (0.2%, including moisture). Yet, concerning the oil peroxide index, values were much lower than those corresponding to the oil extracted using hexane.

Removing redundant features and improving classifier performance necessitates the use of meta-heuristic and deep learning (DL) algorithms in feature selection and classification problems. With the maturity of DL tools, many data-driven polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (POLSAR) representation models have been suggested, most of which are based on deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs). In this paper, we propose a hybrid approach of a new multi-objective binary chimp optimization algorithm (MOBChOA) and DCNN for optimal feature selection. We implemented the proposed method to classify POLSAR images from San Francisco, USA. To do so, we first performed the necessary preprocessing, including speckle reduction, radiometric calibration, and feature extraction. After that, we implemented the proposed MOBChOA for optimal feature selection. Finally, we trained the fully connected DCNN to classify the pixels into specific land-cover labels. We evaluated the performance of the proposed MOBChOA-DCNN in comparison with nine competitive methods. Our experimental results with the POLSAR image datasets show that the proposed architecture had a great performance for different important optimization parameters. The proposed MOBChOA-DCNN provided fewer features (27) and the highest overall accuracy. The overall accuracy values of MOBChOA-DCNN on the training and validation datasets were 96.89% and 96.13%, respectively, which were the best results. The overall accuracy of SVM was 89.30%, which was the worst result. The results of the proposed MOBChOA on two real-world benchmark problems were also better than the results with the other methods. Furthermore, it was shown that the MOBChOA-DCNN performed better than methods from previous studies.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) inter-host evolution has resulted in genomic diversification reflected in the existence of nine genotypes (A-I) and numerous subgenotypes. There is growing evidence that genotypes influence HBV natural history, clinical outcomes, and treatment response. However, the biological characteristics underlying these differences have not yet been established. By transfecting HuH-7 cells with unit-length constructs of genotypes A2, B2, C1, D1, and F1b, we identified major differences in HBV replicative capacity and antigen expression across genotypes. Genotypes B2 and F1b showed a 2-fold increase in cccDNA levels compared to the other genotypes (p