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Using crop by-products has become a key line of research in the current circular economy and bioeconomy scenario, specifically for extracting bioactive compounds of interest in designing and developing value-added products for food, cosmetics, health, biofuels, and animal feed industries. In Colombia, harvest and postharvest residues and crop surpluses have been underutilized as a potential source of bioactive compounds. Thus, the objective of this research is to analyze research insights and technologies used to take advantage of by-products from broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) cultivation through a methodological design that combines scientific intelligence, surveillance technology, and scientometric analysis methods and tools. We identified the current lines of research in postharvest and processing and the respective technologies in the topics of senescence, packaging and transport, shelf life, quality, drying process, and by-products, as well as research insights and technologies in health, integrated crop management, and genetics. Furthermore, the scarcity of research results on broccoli by-products and their use is highlighted, showing an opportunity to strengthen research on this topic. Finally, the challenges and future work for research on the exploitation of broccoli by-products are established based on the use of their bioactive compounds in value-added products.

La publicación de artículos en revistas indexadas se ha consolidado como el principal canal de difusión e intercambio de conocimiento entre académicos y científicos, sin embargo, su función no solo es contribuir al acceso de resultados de investigación y desarrollo tecnológico y de innovación, sino también aportar al crecimiento y al desarrollo de áreas, líneas y tópicos de un núcleo de conocimiento. La revista Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria es una publicación cuatrimestral dirigida a los involucrados en el campo de las ciencias agropecuarias y que tiene un enfoque multi e interdisciplinar en el sector agropecuario, incluidos los componentes de los sistemas agroalimentarios. Esta investigación analizó la estructura del conocimiento difundido por la revista entre 1996 y 2021, a partir de la implementación de métodos y herramientas propias de bibliometría, cienciometría y vigilancia científica, y como resultado se identificaron los indicadores de contribución en la difusión de conocimiento especializado; las principales tendencias de investigación; el núcleo de conocimiento de la revista y su línea evolutiva, a través del análisis de 488 artículos recuperados de Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, Lens y Dimensions, por medio de los aplicativos VOSviewer y Bibliometrix. Finalmente, se presentó la huella cienciométrica lograda por la revista en sus 25 años de existencia, evidenciando su contribución a la difusión y el crecimiento de la agricultura y las ciencias biológicas, así como la necesidad de fortalecerlas en el marco actual de la ciencia abierta, la perspectiva de la publicación científica del sur global y el contexto de la evaluación de la ciencia.

The diversification of agricultural and livestock production matrixes has the potential to generate value-added products in industrial and promising crops. Specifically, the countries in the Amazon basin have in the Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) a species oriented toward market niches such as food, oils, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and biofuels, whose exploitation and use are aligned with the bioeconomy and circular economy megatrends. The aim of this publication was to identify and analyze the evolution of scientific and technological research in the Sacha Inchi value chain worldwide, based on a methodological design that combines technological intelligence, the analysis of scientific landscapes and bibliometric indicators and content analysis, to establish a baseline for the identification of key elements for the design of an agro-industrial production model. The methodology includes the integration of surveillance and scientific intelligence methods, scientometrics, and critical analysis of key documents selected through bibliometric indicators and expert judgment. The analysis made it possible to identify the research development lines in Sacha Inchi worldwide, and the reference documents that comprise key elements of the activities from cultivation to processing of the product obtained. The basic investigations identified will contribute to the development of productive models of Sacha Inchi in Colombia, where technical aspects must be adapted or validated in suitable agroecological zones or with productive potential to improve the yield and quality of seed for agroindustry. Medium-term research is required to genetically identify the planting material, to facilitate the selection of materials oriented to the production of fruits with the quality required by the agroindustry.

It is unclear why hemorrhagic myocardial infarctions (hMI) are destined for adverse outcomes. Here, the authors show that hMI drives fatty degeneration of infarct territories and contributes to adverse remodeling of the heart, which can be mitigated via timely depletion of iron within the hMI zone.

Purpose – The aim is to enable debates about the need for changes in the restaurant's management posture regarding food waste. Design/methodology/approach – This study is a teaching case about a restaurant and was prepared based on information collected from the authors' experiences in teaching, consulting, and academic research. The plot, company name, and characters are fictitious. Findings – The results are related to the classroom application to promote discussion and knowledge of topics such as finance, costs, sustainability, food waste, and the Demonstration of Results for the Exercise. Research limitations/implications – The main limitation is that it is a fictitious study, but it allows applied research based on the authors' scientific knowledge and professional practice. Practical implications – The theme contributes to anchoring decision-making by managers in the face of day-to-day business challenges. Furthermore, in a contemporary perspective, it involves a small establishment concerning the possibilities of contributing to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Furthermore, due to the richness of details, the case constitutes an intriguing teaching tool to be applied in the classroom. Social implications – It impacts social actions, according to the examples found in the narrative used in the teaching case. Originality/value – Its originality is related to its interdisciplinarity and how it involves the themes of finance and sustainability applied in business practice.

Abstract This work aims to develop analytical methods using high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) for analysis and quantification of avermectins (AVMs) and milbemycins (MBMs) in bulk samples. First, the methods were optimized and some parameters such as temperature, flow rate, injection volume and mobile phase with different proportions of solvents were evaluated. The best chromatographic conditions were obtained using the Phenomenex® C18 (150 × 4.60 mm, 5 μm) column at a temperature of 20 °C, flow rate of 1.2 mL min-1, injection volume of 20 μL, and detection at 250 nm. Acetonitrile: ultrapure water (87: 13, v/v) was used as mobile phase for moxidectin and eprinomectin, and acetonitrile: methanol: ultrapure water (53: 35: 12, v/v/v) for abamectin and ivermectin. Under these conditions satisfactory results were obtained, with appropriate limits of detection and quantification, acceptable linearity, precision, accuracy, and robustness. These methods satisfy the need for analytical methods for the multi-determination of MBMs and the B1a and B1b forms of AVMs by HPLC-DAD, which can be considered simple, effective, innovative and should aid in the development of the field.

Objective: Elimination of food calories as heat could help redress the excess accumulation of metabolic energy exhibited as obesity. Prior studies have focused on the induction of thermogenesis in beige and brown adipose tissues as the application of this principle, particularly because the β-adrenergic environment associated with thermogenic activation has been shown to have positive health implications. The counterpoint to this strategy is the regulation of heat loss; we propose that mammals with inefficient heat conservation will require more thermogenesis to maintain body temperature. Methods: Surface temperature thermography and rates of trans-epidermal water loss were integrated to profile the total heat transfer of genetically-engineered and genetically variable mice. Results: These data were incorporated with energy expenditure data to generate a biophysical profile to test the significance of increased rates of evaporative cooling. Conclusions: We show that mouse skins vary considerably in their heat retention properties, whether because of naturally occurring variation (SKH-1 mice), or genetic modification of the heat-retaining lipid lamellae (SCD1, DGAT1 or Agouti Ay obese mice). In particular, we turn attention to widely different rates of evaporative cooling as the result of trans-epidermal water loss; higher rates of heat loss by evaporative cooling leads to increased demand for thermogenesis. We speculate that this physiology could be harnessed to create an energy sink to assist with strategies aimed at treating metabolic diseases. Keywords: Trans-epidermal water loss, Evaporative cooling, Epidermal barrier, Syndecan-1, Obesity, Mouse skin, Thermogenesis, Dermal white adipose tissue, Energy expenditure, Brown adipose tissue

El artículo describe el estudio de caso por medio de la sistematización de experiencias empresariales a través de charlas con profesionales del sector productivo para identificar las competencias y habilidades en marketing y ventas en los estudiantes del programa de Administración Empresas Centro Regional Girardot, utilizando el enfoque praxeológico para el desarrollo de las asignaturas técnicas de ventas e investigación de mercados, lo cual posibilita el fortalecimiento curricular del programa e, igualmente, el conocimiento del consumidor, el mercado y el tejido empresarial de Girardot y la región de Cundinamarca. De igual modo, el estudio de caso busca identificar en los educandos las competencias profesionales y habilidades estratégicas en temas como negociación, ventas, marketing, publicidad e investigación de mercados. La sistematización de experiencias por medio del enfoque praxeológico contribuirá al desarrollo de competencias en el estudiante orientadas al consumidor como modelos de percepción para el análisis del mercado, control y gestión comercial, y comunicación asertiva para el proceso de negociación. Mientras al docente la utilización de nuevas estrategias pedagógicas.

Introducción: en la actualidad, algunos estudios académicos sugieren que las ciencias andinas, aportan conocimientos relacionados con las ciencias médicas que poseen valor académico y científico. Sin embargo, este conocimiento aún debe sistematizarse, ordenarse y difundirse entre la academia y el público. Objetivo: dilucidar la riqueza de la cosmovisión andina para interpretar nuestra realidad, aplicada al ámbito de los conocimientos sobre la salud. El propósito fue identificar una relación entre la temática de las ciencias andinas y la salud. Métodos: se examinaron fuentes originales en castellano de distintas bases de datos: Google Scholar, Biblioteca UNED, Ruidera (biblioteca UCLM), de artículos y textos escritos entre los años 2009 y 2018, utilizando los siguientes descriptores: ciencia andina, medicina tradicional andina. Resultados: los nativos del mundo mesoaméricano y andino desarrollaron formas particulares de abordar los procesos de salud-enfermedad a través de medicina ancestral o andina que tiene un valor científico para el desarrollo de la ciencia médica. Conclusiones: entender con la intención de difundir las prácticas de salud tradicionales, favorece y complementa el desarrollo de la labor del personal que trabaja en salud.

El artículo describe el estudio realizado por medio de encuestas para determinar el perfil socioeconómico y académico que caracteriza a los estudiantes del programa académico Administración de Empresas del Centro Regional de Girardot, el mismo refleja las situaciones o eventos que se están manifestando en la comunidad estudiantil permitiendo organizar y resumir toda la información acerca de los aspectos sociales, económicos, familiares y académicos para ser abordados desde una perspectiva institucional, para el análisis y conocimiento de las problemáticas en los estudiantes que generan situaciones como la deserción o la pérdida académica y otras que afectan el proceso académico. La identificación de las situaciones y los aspectos antes mencionados contribuirá a trazar estrategias institucionales que permitan disminuir la deserción o pérdida académica de los estudiantes del programa incrementando así el número de graduados del programa y a su vez lograr una mejora en el rendimiento académico.

Lower urinary track symptoms (LUTS) affect many older adults. Multi-channel urodynamic studies provide information about bladder pressure and urinary flow but offer little insight into changes in bladder anatomy and detrusor muscle function. Here we present a novel method for real time MRI during bladder voiding. This was performed in a small cohort of healthy men and men with benign prostatic hyperplasia and lower urinary tract symptoms (BPH/LUTS) to demonstrate proof of principle; The MRI urodynamic protocol was successfully implemented, and bladder wall displacement and urine flow dynamics were calculated. Displacement analysis on healthy controls showed the greatest bladder wall displacement in the dome of the bladder while men with BPH/LUTS exhibited decreased and asymmetric bladder wall motion. Computational fluid dynamics of voiding showed men with BPH/LUTS had larger recirculation regions in the bladder. This study demonstrates the feasibility of performing MRI voiding studies and their potential to provide new insight into lower urinary tract function in health and disease.

El artículo describe el estudio de caso por medio de la sistematización de experiencias empresariales a través de charlas con profesionales del sector productivo para identificar las competencias y habilidades en marketing y ventas en los estudiantes del programa de Administración de Empresas, Centro Regional Girardot, utilizando el enfoque praxeológico para el desarrollo de las asignaturas técnicas de ventas e investigación de mercados, lo cual posibilita el fortalecimiento curricular del programa, al igual que el conocimiento del consumidor, el mercado y el tejido empresarial de Girardot y la región de Cundinamarca. De igual modo, el estudio de caso busca identificar en los educandos las competencias profesionales y habilidades estratégicas en temas como negociación, ventas, marketing, publicidad e investigación de mercados.

The objective of this research is to propose a model to articulate Colombian horticultural production chain as a mechanism for managing the interactions between actors for the flow of materials with the cold chain as a logistic-technological tool for the conservation of perishable foods. Based on a sequential construction methodology, a link and segment model is proposed for the Colombian horticultural sector. The model integrates the activities from the input suppliers to the final customer or consumer, identifying their descriptors. Consequently, the cold chain models proposed in the literature are conceptualized and characterized trough a critical control point’s analysis (exogenous and endogenous), based on the HACCP system, selecting the synchronized supply chain model. The joint and superimposed analysis of these two models becomes the articulated design, which allows directing the adaptation of technology in transportation and storage of products under appropriated cold chain conditions for fruits and vegetal products as a competitive advantage.

Neuroinflammation plays a central role in the neuropathogenesis of a wide-spectrum of neurologic and psychiatric disease, but current neuroimaging methods to detect and characterize neuroinflammation are limited. We explored the sensitivity of quantitative multi-compartment diffusion MRI, and specifically neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI), to detect changes in microglial density in the brain. Monte Carlo simulations of water diffusion using a NODDI acquisition scheme were performed to measure changes in a virtual MRI signal following modeled cellular changes within the extra-neurite space. 12-week-old C57BL/6J male mice (n = 48; 24 control, 24 treated with colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitor, PLX5622) were sacrificed at 0, 1, 3, and 7 days following withdrawal of CSF1R inhibition and were imaged ex-vivo to obtain measures of the orientation dispersion index (ODI). Following imaging, all brains were immunostained with Iba-1, NeuN, and GFAP for quantitative fluorescence microscopy. Cell populations were calculated with the ImageJ particle analyzer tool; correlation between microglial density and mean ODI values were calculated with Kendall's tau. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate the sensitivity and positive correlation of ODI to increased occupancy in the extra-neurite space. Commensurate with our simulation data, ex-vivo NODDI imaging demonstrates an increase in ODI as microglia repopulate the brain following the withdrawal of CSF1R inhibition. Quantitative immunofluorescence of microglial density reveals that microglial density is positively correlated with ODI and greater hindered diffusion in the extra-neurite space (τ = 0.386, p < 0.05). Our results demonstrate that clinically feasible multi-compartment diffusion weighted imaging techniques such as NODDI are sensitive to microglial density and the cellular changes associated with microglial activation and highlights its potential to improve clinical diagnostic accuracy, patient risk stratification, and therapeutic monitoring of neuroinflammation in neurologic and psychiatric disease.

Review of the book: VÁRNAGY, Tomás: “Proletarios de todos los países… ‘Perdonadnos!” El humor político clandestino en los regímenes de tipo soviético y el papel deslegitimador del chiste en Europa central y oriental (1917-1991). Buenos Aires: EUDEBA (Editorial Universitaria de Buenos Aires), 2016. 372 pages.

Resenha da obra: Várnagy, Tomás: “Proletarios de todos los países… ‘Perdonadnos!” El humor político clandestino en los regímenes de tipo soviético y el papel deslegitimador del chiste en Europa central y oriental (1917-1991). Buenos Aires: EUDEBA (Editorial Universitaria de Buenos Aires), 2016. 372 páginas.

Recent literature suggests that the layer of adipocytes embedded in the skin below the dermis is far from being an inert spacer material. Instead, this layer of dermal white adipose tissue (dWAT) is a regulated lipid layer that comprises a crucial environmental defense. Among all the classes of biological molecules, lipids have the lowest thermal conductance and highest insulation potential. This property can be exploited by mammals to reduce heat loss, suppress brown adipose tissue activation, reduce the activation of thermogenic programs, and increase metabolic efficiency. Furthermore, this layer responds to bacterial challenge to provide a physical barrier and antimicrobial disinfection, and its expansion supports the growth of hair follicles and regenerating skin. In sum, this dWAT layer is a key defensive player with remarkable potential for modifying systemic metabolism, immune function, and physiology. In this review, we discuss the key literature illustrating the properties of this recently recognized adipose depot.

There isn's any city without a path. Three animated short films present different views about Bogotá as a complex and diverse city of intersections. While the films capture the ordinary sights and the contradictory visions that define this urban landscape -as the space of daily experience-, it is also possible to find in these animated images a city as an organic and dynamic element, which essence remains open to new gazes.

In order to strengthen the National System of Agricultural Science and Technology, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development-MARD (within the "Transition of Agriculture" project) launched a series of studies in 2006 aimed at denning Prospective Investigation-guidelines documentation for 20 productive chains. This initiative included the implementation of the second phase of the study by the second half of 2008, which involves the productive chain of sugar cane agro-industry focused on Panela due to its economic and social importance. In this context the Panela industry represents a sub-sector dedicated to the generation of products from sugar cane, positioning such products, right after coffee, as the second line of rural employment generation and occupies the fifth position in the country crops classification in terms of acreage (fields). This article presents the results of a study whose main purpose was to define prospective research guidelines for the productive chain by means of a conceptual and methodological perspective that involved the use of technological management tools such as performance analysis, benchmarking, technological monitoring, commercial market trends and foresight. This was achieved through a successful technology intelligence system, where four strategic areas for research and technological development were identified for the chain by grouping 11 technological needs that are to be addressed from 41 baselines linked to priority projects. These projects focus on improving the competitive position of the productive chain associated to sugar cane (particularly Panela) agro-industry.

The appearance of a primary germinoma in the central nervous system but not on or near the midline or within the brain is exceptional. It may occur at any age; however, it is rare in patients over 50 years old. Only a handful of cases of germinomas located in the cerebellopontine angle were presented, but to our knowledge, there has been no description of an isolated germinoma in the internal auditory canal. We report a case of germinoma in the internal auditory canal in a 51-year-old man simulating the clinical and radiological characteristics of a vestibular schwannoma.

En Colombia, la apicultura es una actividad económica en consolidación, que representa un potencial de riqueza por los múltiples beneficios que se pueden obtener a través de la explotación artesanal o industrial. En el sector agropecuario es una de las 37 cadenas productivas registradas ante el Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural; es objeto de priorización en procesos de investigación, desarrollo e innovación (I+D+i), en aras de incrementar su productividad y competitividad, involucrando la sostenibilidad de la población rural y el componente industrial. El Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina es objeto de iniciativas de desarrollo rural, impulso empresarial y fortalecimiento, pues ante la coyuntura socioeconómica por la disminución del territorio marítimo, busca diversificar las actividades económicas de la población raizal. Con la metodología de alianzas productivas y los itinerarios de ruta como herramienta de gestión e integración se diseñó, desde el enfoque tecnológico, la estructura de la minicadena productiva de eslabones y segmentos; las directrices fueron los procesos productivos de tipo orgánico, selección de tecnologías, proveedores y mecanismos de certificación al producto y capacitación al recurso humano requerido, mediante un proceso analítico jerárquico utilizando el software Expert Choice. Se estructuraron lineamientos desde la base de política pública y sectorial, consignada en la agenda única nacional de I+D+i de la cadena y lineamientos establecidos (plan de desarrollo del departamento, plan de ciencia y tecnología, CONPES y plan de ordenamiento territorial). La minicadena y el paquete tecnológico de apicultura orgánica son un insumo de competitividad para el archipiélago.

Componente crítico en el desarrollo nacional e internacional de agronegocios del sector agropecuario, donde la demanda direcciona el desarrollo tecnológico y no tecnológico, con el objetivo de mejorar y fortalecer la demanda, como distribución, almacenamiento de productos en fresco o mínimamente procesados y de alto valor agregado, mejoramiento genético de cultivos y semovientes, manejo sostenible, transferencia de tecnología, etc. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo desarrollar el análisis de las tendencias de investigación como una práctica internacional de obligatorio cumplimiento para el caso de las actividades de I+D, donde el conocimiento del entorno tecnológico propende por sustentar y justificar la inversión de recursos humanos y materiales en distintos proyectos de investigación, a partir de la vigilancia tecnológica como herramienta de direccionamiento estratégico. El marco de acción se centra en las cadenas productivas del sector agropecuario en Colombia, teniendo como marco referencial 13 áreas temáticas, donde la identificación de referentes a nivel internacional para las cadenas productivas debe ser coherente con las demandas particulares de cada cadena y con las áreas temáticas que las abarcan, de tal manera que los resultados de este proceso sean insumo para el acortamiento de brechas y fortalecimiento del sector. Como caso de estudio se enmarca la investigación en el análisis de tendencias en investigación básica para las cadenas productivas del cacao, láctea, carne bovina y papa, obteniendo un análisis de tendencias en investigación, identificación de referentes internacionales, temáticas prioritarias, etc.

Acute vestibular deficit as the first sign of leukemia is extremely rare. The literature shows some cases of sudden hearing loss accompanied by instability and associated with hyperviscosity syndrome. We present the case of a patient who presents a harmonic vestibular deficit of the right ear. The complementary studies revealed an abnormally high level of leukocytes. A peripheral blood cytogenetic analysis is performed due to a high suspicion of leukemia, and the results show BCR/ABL fusion gene with a cut point in the M-BCR region, which confirms the diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia. In this case we detail the importance of taking hematological disorders into consideration in the differential diagnosis of patients with otoneurological symptoms, and we also review the etiopathogenic mechanisms, symptoms, diagnosis, and therapeutic options for chronic myeloid leukemia with sudden hearing loss and vertigo.

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Currently, the demand for healthy consumption and the use of alternatives to dairy proteins for the development of foods with good nutritional value are growing. Quinoa has received much attention because it contains a high content of proteins, essential amino acids, essential fatty acids, minerals, vitamins, dietary fibers, and bioactive compounds. Nevertheless, this content and the bioavailability of specific compounds of interest are related to the genotype, the agri‐environmental conditions, and management practices where quinoa is grown and postharvest management. This article aimed to analyze the research trends for three knowledge areas: quinoa plant breeding for nutraceutical properties, plant–soil relations focused on abiotic stresses, and postharvest and value‐added transformation activities. To this end, a specific methodological design based on bibliometrics and scientometrics methods was used. Through these analyses based on publications' keywords, titles, abstracts, and conclusions sections, for each knowledge area, the key research trends (scope and main topics), the classification of trends based on their development and relevance degree, and the core of knowledge were established. The trends comprise the current state of research. Finally, analyzing the conclusions, recommendations, and future research sections of key publications, a strong correlation among plant breeding research to obtain varieties with tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses, nutritional and functional compounds of interest for food safety, and the development of products with higher added value established interest in further research on the potential bioactivity of quinoa and the verification of health benefits to humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]