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1. Widening global variability in grassland biomass since the 1980s

Author

MacDougall, Andrew S., Esch, Ellen, Chen, Qingqing, Carroll, Oliver, Bonner, Colin, Ohlert, Timothy, Siewert, Matthias, Sulik, John, Schweiger, Anna K., Borer, Elizabeth T., Naidu, Dilip, Bagchi, Sumanta, Hautier, Yann, Wilfahrt, Peter, Larson, Keith, Olofsson, Johan, Cleland, Elsa, Muthukrishnan, Ranjan, O’Halloran, Lydia, Alberti, Juan, Anderson, T. Michael, Arnillas, Carlos A., Bakker, Jonathan D., Barrio, Isabel C., Biederman, Lori, Boughton, Elizabeth H., Brudvig, Lars A., Bruschetti, Martin, Buckley, Yvonne, Bugalho, Miguel N., Cadotte, Marc W., Caldeira, Maria C., Catford, Jane A., D’Antonio, Carla, Davies, Kendi, Daleo, Pedro, Dickman, Christopher R., Donohue, Ian, DuPre, Mary Ellyn, Elgersma, Kenneth, Eisenhauer, Nico, Eskelinen, Anu, Estrada, Catalina, Fay, Philip A., Feng, Yanhao, Gruner, Daniel S., Hagenah, Nicole, Haider, Sylvia, Harpole, W. Stanley, Hersch-Green, Erika, Jentsch, Anke, Kirkman, Kevin, Knops, Johannes M. H., Laanisto, Lauri, Lannes, Lucíola S., Laungani, Ramesh, Lkhagva, Ariuntsetseg, Macek, Petr, Martina, Jason P., McCulley, Rebecca L., Melbourne, Brett, Mitchell, Rachel, Moore, Joslin L., Morgan, John W., Muraina, Taofeek O., Niu, Yujie, Pärtel, Meelis, Peri, Pablo L., Power, Sally A., Price, Jodi N., Prober, Suzanne M., Ren, Zhengwei, Risch, Anita C., Smith, Nicholas G., Sonnier, Grégory, Standish, Rachel J., Stevens, Carly J., Tedder, Michelle, Tognetti, Pedro, Veen, G. F. (Ciska), Virtanen, Risto, Wardle, Glenda M., Waring, Elizabeth, Wolf, Amelia A., Yahdjian, Laura, and Seabloom, Eric W.

Published
2024
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2. Vulnerability of mineral-associated soil organic carbon to climate across global drylands

Author

Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Maestre, Fernando T., Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Eldridge, David J., Saiz, Hugo, Gross, Nicolas, Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, Gozalo, Beatriz, Ochoa, Victoria, Guirado, Emilio, García-Gómez, Miguel, Valencia, Enrique, Asensio, Sergio, Berdugo, Miguel, Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime, Mendoza, Betty J., García-Gil, Juan C., Zaccone, Claudio, Panettieri, Marco, García-Palacios, Pablo, Fan, Wei, Benavente-Ferraces, Iria, Rey, Ana, Eisenhauer, Nico, Cesarz, Simone, Abedi, Mehdi, Ahumada, Rodrigo J., Alcántara, Julio M., Amghar, Fateh, Aramayo, Valeria, Arroyo, Antonio I., Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Ben Salem, Farah, Blaum, Niels, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Bowker, Matthew A., Bran, Donaldo, Branquinho, Cristina, Bu, Chongfeng, Cáceres, Yonatan, Canessa, Rafaella, Castillo-Monroy, Andrea P., Castro, Ignacio, Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Chibani, Roukaya, Conceição, Abel A., Currier, Courtney M., Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony, Deák, Balázs, Dickman, Christopher R., Donoso, David A., Dougill, Andrew J., Durán, Jorge, Ejtehadi, Hamid, Espinosa, Carlos, Fajardo, Alex, Farzam, Mohammad, Ferrante, Daniela, Fraser, Lauchlan H., Gaitán, Juan J., Gusman Montalván, Elizabeth, Hernández-Hernández, Rosa M., von Hessberg, Andreas, Hölzel, Norbert, Huber-Sannwald, Elisabeth, Hughes, Frederic M., Jadán-Maza, Oswaldo, Geissler, Katja, Jentsch, Anke, Ju, Mengchen, Kaseke, Kudzai F., Kindermann, Liana, Koopman, Jessica E., Le Roux, Peter C., Liancourt, Pierre, Linstädter, Anja, Liu, Jushan, Louw, Michelle A., Maggs-Kölling, Gillian, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Issa, Oumarou Malam, Marais, Eugene, Margerie, Pierre, Mazaneda, Antonio J., McClaran, Mitchel P., Messeder, João Vitor S., Mora, Juan P., Moreno, Gerardo, Munson, Seth M., Nunes, Alice, Oliva, Gabriel, Oñatibia, Gastón R., Osborne, Brooke, Peter, Guadalupe, Pueyo, Yolanda, Quiroga, R. Emiliano, Reed, Sasha C., Reyes, Victor M., Rodríguez, Alexandra, Ruppert, Jan C., Sala, Osvaldo, Salah, Ayman, Sebei, Julius, Sloan, Michael, Solongo, Shijirbaatar, Stavi, Ilan, Stephens, Colton R. A., Teixido, Alberto L., Thomas, Andrew D., Throop, Heather L., Tielbörger, Katja, Travers, Samantha, Val, James, Valko, Orsolya, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Velbert, Frederike, Wamiti, Wanyoike, Wang, Deli, Wang, Lixin, Wardle, Glenda M., Yahdjian, Laura, Zaady, Eli, Zeberio, Juan M., Zhang, Yuanming, Zhou, Xiaobing, and Plaza, César

Published
2024
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4. Author Correction: Widening global variability in grassland biomass since the 1980s

Author

MacDougall, Andrew S., Esch, Ellen, Chen, Qingqing, Carroll, Oliver, Bonner, Colin, Ohlert, Timothy, Siewert, Matthias, Sulik, John, Schweiger, Anna K., Borer, Elizabeth T., Naidu, Dilip, Bagchi, Sumanta, Hautier, Yann, Wilfahrt, Peter, Larson, Keith, Olofsson, Johan, Cleland, Elsa, Muthukrishnan, Ranjan, O’Halloran, Lydia, Alberti, Juan, Anderson, T. Michael, Arnillas, Carlos A., Bakker, Jonathan D., Barrio, Isabel C., Biederman, Lori, Boughton, Elizabeth H., Brudvig, Lars A., Bruschetti, Martin, Buckley, Yvonne, Bugalho, Miguel N., Cadotte, Marc W., Caldeira, Maria C., Catford, Jane A., D’Antonio, Carla, Davies, Kendi, Daleo, Pedro, Dickman, Christopher R., Donohue, Ian, DuPre, Mary Ellyn, Elgersma, Kenneth, Eisenhauer, Nico, Eskelinen, Anu, Estrada, Catalina, Fay, Philip A., Feng, Yanhao, Gruner, Daniel S., Hagenah, Nicole, Haider, Sylvia, Harpole, W. Stanley, Hersch-Green, Erika, Jentsch, Anke, Kirkman, Kevin, Knops, Johannes M. H., Laanisto, Lauri, Lannes, Lucíola S., Laungani, Ramesh, Lkhagva, Ariuntsetseg, Macek, Petr, Martina, Jason P., McCulley, Rebecca L., Melbourne, Brett, Mitchell, Rachel, Moore, Joslin L., Morgan, John W., Muraina, Taofeek O., Niu, Yujie, Pärtel, Meelis, Peri, Pablo L., Power, Sally A., Price, Jodi N., Prober, Suzanne M., Ren, Zhengwei, Risch, Anita C., Smith, Nicholas G., Sonnier, Grégory, Standish, Rachel J., Stevens, Carly J., Tedder, Michelle, Tognetti, Pedro, Veen, G. F. (Ciska), Virtanen, Risto, Wardle, Glenda M., Waring, Elizabeth, Wolf, Amelia A., Yahdjian, Laura, and Seabloom, Eric W.

Published
2024
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12. Energy and Water Balance of Marsupials

Author

Withers, Philip C., Cooper, Christine E., Dickman, Christopher R., Section editor, Cáceres, Nilton, Section editor, Cáceres, Nilton C., editor, and Dickman, Christopher R., editor

Published
2023
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19. Taxonomy and Diversity of Living Australasian Marsupials

Author

Baker, Andrew M., Eldridge, Mark D. B., Fisher, Diana O., Frankham, Greta, Helgen, Kristofer, Jackson, Stephen M., Potter, Sally, Travouillon, Kenny J., Umbrello, Linette S., Dickman, Christopher R., Section editor, Cáceres, Nilton, Section editor, Cáceres, Nilton C., editor, and Dickman, Christopher R., editor

Published
2023
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23. Animal population decline and recovery after severe fire: Relating ecological and life history traits with expert estimates of population impacts from the Australian 2019-20 megafires

Author

Ensbey, Michelle, Legge, Sarah, Jolly, Chris J., Garnett, Stephen T., Gallagher, Rachael V., Lintermans, Mark, Nimmo, Dale G., Rumpff, Libby, Scheele, Ben C., Whiterod, Nick S., Woinarski, John C.Z., Ahyong, Shane T., Blackmore, Caroline J., Bower, Deborah S., Burbidge, Allan H., Burns, Phoebe A., Butler, Gavin, Catullo, Renee, Chapple, David G., Dickman, Christopher R., Doyle, Katie E., Ferris, Jason, Fisher, Diana O., Geyle, Hayley M., Gillespie, Graeme R., Greenlees, Matt J., Hohnen, Rosemary, Hoskin, Conrad J., Kennard, Mark, King, Alison J., Kuchinke, Diana, Law, Brad, Lawler, Ivan, Lawler, Susan, Loyn, Richard, Lunney, Daniel, Lyon, Jarod, MacHunter, Josephine, Mahony, Michael, Mahony, Stephen, McCormack, Rob, Melville, Jane, Menkhorst, Peter, Michael, Damian, Mitchell, Nicola, Mulder, Eridani, Newell, David, Pearce, Luke, Raadik, Tarmo A., Rowley, Jodi J.L., Sitters, Holly, Southwell, Darren G., Spencer, Ricky, West, Matt, and Zukowski, Sylvia

Published
2023
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24. A science-based policy for managing free-roaming cats

Author

Lepczyk, Christopher A., Duffy, David C., Bird, David M., Calver, Michael, Cherkassky, Dmitry, Cherkassky, Linda, Dickman, Christopher R., Hunter, David, Jessup, David, Longcore, Travis, Loss, Scott R., Loyd, Kerrie Anne T., Marra, Peter P., Marzluff, John M., Noss, Reed F., Simberloff, Daniel, Sizemore, Grant C., Temple, Stanley A., and van Heezik, Yolanda

Published
2022
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27. The Wildcat That Lives in Me: A Review on Free-Roaming Cats (Felis catus) in Brazil, Focusing on Research Priorities, Management, and Their Impacts on Cat Welfare.

Author

Gonçalves, Luana S., de Souza Machado, Daiana, Caçador, Maria Eduarda, Ferreira, Giovanne Ambrosio, Dickman, Christopher R., Ceballos, Maria Camila, Prezoto, Fabio, and Sant'Anna, Aline Cristina

Subjects
ANIMAL welfare, ANIMAL diversity, ANIMAL behavior, PETS, ZOOLOGICAL nomenclature, CATS
Abstract

Simple Summary: The domestic cat (Felis catus) ranks 38th in the Global Invasive Species Database and has a widespread presence in terrestrial environments as pets, strays, or feral animals. Cats can also be companion animals with names and are often considered by people to be members of their family. Free-roaming cats significantly impact wildlife, causing species declines and extinctions, as reported in Australia. In Brazil, studies on their impacts are limited, focusing more on disease transmission than predation or competition. This review analyzes 34 research papers (2001–2020) on free-roaming cats in Brazil. There has been a greater focus on mainland areas, particularly in Atlantic Forest habitats. In addition to highlighting potential risks to wildlife, this review also considers the welfare implications of cat management strategies. Understanding cat predation and areas of occurrence is vital for developing effective conservation measures that balance biodiversity protection and animal welfare. Domestic cats (Felis catus) currently occupy the 38th place in the Global Invasive Species Database. Free-roaming cats potentially have broad-ranging impacts on wildlife, occupying most terrestrial environments globally as house pets, strays, or feral animals. In Australia, for example, cats are responsible for the decline in many vertebrate populations and extinction of several native mammals. However, in Brazil, few studies have explored either direct impacts of predation on wildlife, or other indirect impacts, such as competition for resources, niche overlap, hybridization, and disease transmission. In this review, we summarize and discuss 34 original research reports, published between 2001 and 2020, on impacts of free-roaming cats in Brazil. We briefly contextualize the history of cat domestication and present that, in Brazil, more studies have focused on the potential of free-roaming cats to transmit disease than to exert impacts via predation or competition on wildlife. More studies were conducted in Brazilian mainland areas (n = 23)—notably in Atlantic Forest—than on islands (n = 11). The review highlights potential impacts of cats on wildlife. We also discuss how control management strategies can affect the welfare of domestic cats, identifying potential knowledge gaps as well as opportunities for future research. Finally, understanding risks of cat predation is necessary to inform future measures to mitigate impacts on wildlife, without neglecting cat welfare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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29. Carnivore conservation needs evidence-based livestock protection.

Author

van Eeden, Lily M, Eklund, Ann, Miller, Jennifer RB, López-Bao, José Vicente, Chapron, Guillaume, Cejtin, Mikael R, Crowther, Mathew S, Dickman, Christopher R, Frank, Jens, Krofel, Miha, Macdonald, David W, McManus, Jeannine, Meyer, Tara K, Middleton, Arthur D, Newsome, Thomas M, Ripple, William J, Ritchie, Euan G, Schmitz, Oswald J, Stoner, Kelly J, Tourani, Mahdieh, and Treves, Adrian

Subjects
Animals, Carnivora, Predatory Behavior, Conservation of Natural Resources, Geography, Livestock, Conflict, Psychological, Conflict, Psychological, Biological Sciences, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Carnivore predation on livestock often leads people to retaliate. Persecution by humans has contributed strongly to global endangerment of carnivores. Preventing livestock losses would help to achieve three goals common to many human societies: preserve nature, protect animal welfare, and safeguard human livelihoods. Between 2016 and 2018, four independent reviews evaluated >40 years of research on lethal and nonlethal interventions for reducing predation on livestock. From 114 studies, we find a striking conclusion: scarce quantitative comparisons of interventions and scarce comparisons against experimental controls preclude strong inference about the effectiveness of methods. For wise investment of public resources in protecting livestock and carnivores, evidence of effectiveness should be a prerequisite to policy making or large-scale funding of any method or, at a minimum, should be measured during implementation. An appropriate evidence base is needed, and we recommend a coalition of scientists and managers be formed to establish and encourage use of consistent standards in future experimental evaluations.

Published
2018

30. Brushing up on carcass consumption: Investigating spatiotemporal scavenging dynamics of brushtail possums in Australian ecosystems.

Author

Finnerty, Patrick B., Bonat, Stefanie, Spencer, Emma E., Cairncross, Rhys J., Meisuria, Niraj, Raña, Angela F., Fust, Christopher, Vandersteen, James, Dickman, Christopher R., Greenville, Aaron, Barton, Philip S., Crowther, Mathew S., McArthur, Clare, and Newsome, Thomas M.

Subjects
ALPINE regions, HERBIVORES, WILDLIFE management, ANIMAL carcasses, MARSUPIALS
Abstract

Brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) are becoming increasingly recognized as key members of local scavenger guilds in Australia. Yet, our understanding of the spatiotemporal scavenging dynamics of this mainly herbivorous marsupial species remains limited. We investigated abiotic and biotic factors influencing possum carcass use across an alpine and temperate bioregion in Australia. Using camera traps set on experimentally placed kangaroo carcasses, we first examined the influence of both open and closed canopy habitats and warm and cool seasons on possum scavenging behaviour across both bioregions. While scavenging was minimal in open habitats across both bioregions—likely a reflection of possums being an arboreal species—seasonality did significantly influence possum activity. Possums scavenged on carcasses in temperate regions entirely during cooler months. Scavenging was recorded year‐round in the alpine region, but with total possum feeding time on carcasses 5.9 times higher in cooler months. A more detailed 12‐month study in the alpine region confirmed this strong seasonal influence on possum scavenging, with possums up to 5.4 times more likely to discover carcasses in winter and spend up to 6.7 times longer feeding on carcasses during this season. The variability in possum scavenging behaviour between bioregions and seasons highlights the spatiotemporal complexity of possum scavenging behaviour and the importance of considering abiotic and biotic factors to understand the behaviours of scavengers more broadly. Recognizing primarily herbivorous animals as important yet often overlooked members of local scavenger guilds can help advance our understanding of complex scavenging networks and the intricate pathways through which energy flows in ecosystems, both in Australia and in other systems. Improving our understanding of the spatiotemporal scavenging dynamics of typically herbivorous species may also help to inform more nuanced and effective wildlife management strategies, where supplementary foraging on atypical food resources poses conservation concerns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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31. Boom-bust population dynamics drive rapid genetic change

Author

Stringer, Emily J., primary, Gruber, Bernd, additional, Sarre, Stephen D., additional, Wardle, Glenda M., additional, Edwards, Scott V., additional, Dickman, Christopher R., additional, Greenville, Aaron C., additional, and Duncan, Richard P., additional

Published
2024
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35. Vulnerability of mineral-associated soil organic carbon to climate across global drylands

Author

Universidad de Alicante. Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramón Margalef", Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Maestre, Fernando T., Moreno Jiménez, Eduardo, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Eldridge, David J., Saiz, Hugo, Gross, Nicolas, Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, Gozalo, Beatriz, Ochoa, Victoria, Guirado, Emilio, García-Gómez, Miguel, Valencia, Enrique, Asensio, Sergio, Berdugo, Miguel, Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime, Mendoza, Betty J., García-Gil, Juan C., Zaccone, Claudio, Panettieri, Marco, García-Palacios, Pablo, Fan, Wei, Benavente-Ferraces, Iria, Rey, Ana, Eisenhauer, Nico, Cesarz, Simone, Abedi, Mehdi, Ahumada, Rodrigo J., Alcántara, Julio M., Amghar, Fateh, Aramayo, Valeria, Arroyo, Antonio I., Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Ben Salem, Farah, Blaum, Niels, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Bowker, Matthew A., Bran, Donaldo E., Branquinho, Cristina, Bu, Chongfeng, Cáceres, Yonatan, Canessa, Rafaella, Castillo-Monroy, Andrea P., Castro, Ignacio, Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Chibani, Roukaya, Conceição, Abel A., Currier, Courtney M., Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony, Deák, Balázs, Dickman, Christopher R., Donoso, David A., Dougill, Andrew J., Durán, Jorge, Ejtehadi, Hamid, Espinosa, Carlos Iván, Fajardo, Alex, Farzam, Mohammad, Ferrante, Daniela, Fraser, Lauchlan H., Gaitán, Juan J., Gusman Montalván, Elizabeth, Hernández-Hernández, Rosa M., von Hessberg, Andreas, Hölzel, Norbert, Huber-Sannwald, Elisabeth, Hughes, Frederic M., Jadán-Maza, Oswaldo, Geissler, Katja, Jentsch, Anke, Ju, Mengchen, Kaseke, Kudzai F., Kindermann, Liana, Koopman, Jessica E., Le Roux, Peter C., Liancourt, Pierre, Linstädter, Anja, Liu, Jushan, Louw, Michelle A., Maggs-Kölling, Gillian, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Malam Issa, Oumarou, Marais, Eugene, Margerie, Pierre, Mazaneda, Antonio J., McClaran, Mitchel, Messeder, João Vitor S., Mora, Juan P., Moreno, Gerardo, Munson, Seth M., Nunes, Alice, Oliva, Gabriel, Oñatibia, Gastón R., Osborne, Brooke, Peter, Guadalupe, Pueyo, Yolanda, Quiroga, R. Emiliano, Reed, Sasha C., Reyes, Victor M., Rodríguez, Alexandra, Ruppert, Jan C., Sala, Osvaldo, Salah, Ayman, Sebei, Phokgedi Julius, Sloan, Michael, Solongo, Shijirbaatar, Stavi, Ilan, Stephens, Colton R.A., Teixido, Alberto L., Thomas, Andrew D., Throop, Heather L., Tielbörger, Katja, Travers, Samantha K., Val, James, Valko, Orsolya, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Velbert, Frederike, Wamiti, Wanyoike, Wang, Deli, Wang, Lixin, Wardle, Glenda M., Yahdjian, Laura, Zaady, Eli, Zeberio, Juan M., Zhang, Yuanming, Zhou, Xiaobing, Plaza, César, Universidad de Alicante. Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramón Margalef", Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Maestre, Fernando T., Moreno Jiménez, Eduardo, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Eldridge, David J., Saiz, Hugo, Gross, Nicolas, Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, Gozalo, Beatriz, Ochoa, Victoria, Guirado, Emilio, García-Gómez, Miguel, Valencia, Enrique, Asensio, Sergio, Berdugo, Miguel, Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime, Mendoza, Betty J., García-Gil, Juan C., Zaccone, Claudio, Panettieri, Marco, García-Palacios, Pablo, Fan, Wei, Benavente-Ferraces, Iria, Rey, Ana, Eisenhauer, Nico, Cesarz, Simone, Abedi, Mehdi, Ahumada, Rodrigo J., Alcántara, Julio M., Amghar, Fateh, Aramayo, Valeria, Arroyo, Antonio I., Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Ben Salem, Farah, Blaum, Niels, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Bowker, Matthew A., Bran, Donaldo E., Branquinho, Cristina, Bu, Chongfeng, Cáceres, Yonatan, Canessa, Rafaella, Castillo-Monroy, Andrea P., Castro, Ignacio, Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Chibani, Roukaya, Conceição, Abel A., Currier, Courtney M., Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony, Deák, Balázs, Dickman, Christopher R., Donoso, David A., Dougill, Andrew J., Durán, Jorge, Ejtehadi, Hamid, Espinosa, Carlos Iván, Fajardo, Alex, Farzam, Mohammad, Ferrante, Daniela, Fraser, Lauchlan H., Gaitán, Juan J., Gusman Montalván, Elizabeth, Hernández-Hernández, Rosa M., von Hessberg, Andreas, Hölzel, Norbert, Huber-Sannwald, Elisabeth, Hughes, Frederic M., Jadán-Maza, Oswaldo, Geissler, Katja, Jentsch, Anke, Ju, Mengchen, Kaseke, Kudzai F., Kindermann, Liana, Koopman, Jessica E., Le Roux, Peter C., Liancourt, Pierre, Linstädter, Anja, Liu, Jushan, Louw, Michelle A., Maggs-Kölling, Gillian, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Malam Issa, Oumarou, Marais, Eugene, Margerie, Pierre, Mazaneda, Antonio J., McClaran, Mitchel, Messeder, João Vitor S., Mora, Juan P., Moreno, Gerardo, Munson, Seth M., Nunes, Alice, Oliva, Gabriel, Oñatibia, Gastón R., Osborne, Brooke, Peter, Guadalupe, Pueyo, Yolanda, Quiroga, R. Emiliano, Reed, Sasha C., Reyes, Victor M., Rodríguez, Alexandra, Ruppert, Jan C., Sala, Osvaldo, Salah, Ayman, Sebei, Phokgedi Julius, Sloan, Michael, Solongo, Shijirbaatar, Stavi, Ilan, Stephens, Colton R.A., Teixido, Alberto L., Thomas, Andrew D., Throop, Heather L., Tielbörger, Katja, Travers, Samantha K., Val, James, Valko, Orsolya, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Velbert, Frederike, Wamiti, Wanyoike, Wang, Deli, Wang, Lixin, Wardle, Glenda M., Yahdjian, Laura, Zaady, Eli, Zeberio, Juan M., Zhang, Yuanming, Zhou, Xiaobing, and Plaza, César

Abstract

Mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) constitutes a major fraction of global soil carbon and is assumed less sensitive to climate than particulate organic carbon (POC) due to protection by minerals. Despite its importance for long-term carbon storage, the response of MAOC to changing climates in drylands, which cover more than 40% of the global land area, remains unexplored. Here we assess topsoil organic carbon fractions across global drylands using a standardized field survey in 326 plots from 25 countries and 6 continents. We find that soil biogeochemistry explained the majority of variation in both MAOC and POC. Both carbon fractions decreased with increases in mean annual temperature and reductions in precipitation, with MAOC responding similarly to POC. Therefore, our results suggest that ongoing climate warming and aridification may result in unforeseen carbon losses across global drylands, and that the protective role of minerals may not dampen these effects.

Published
2024

41. Feral Cats in the Tall Forests of Far East Gippsland, Australia

Author

Buckmaster, Tony and Dickman, Christopher R.

Subjects
Australia, feral cats, Felis catus, forests, GPS tracking, home range, Lévy walk, movements, range overlap
Abstract

Much of the research on feral cats in Australia has occurred in the continent’s arid and semi-arid regions. Consequently, little is known about the ecology of feral cats in tall forests. Using a combination of both VHF and ‘store on board’ GPS collars, feral cats were tracked in the forests of Far East Gippsland, Victoria, to investigate both home range size and movement patterns. The use of GPS collars to obtain accurate and high volumes of location data allowed the intra-home range movements of feral cats to be examined in ways not previously possible using conventional VHF radio telemetry. Male cats had significantly larger home ranges (MCP 100, mean ± se: 455 ± 126 ha) than females (105 ± 28 ha). Male home ranges overlapped those of females and female ranges overlapped with neighbouring females. Overlaps in female home ranges, in particular of the core areas, indicate that female cats in Far East Gippsland are tolerant of other females and do not actively exclude them. Feral cats in these productive tall forests have smaller home ranges than those in arid and semi-arid regions where food resources are sparse or limited, but larger ranges than those inhabiting farmland and grassland habitats where food resources are generally more abundant. Location data gathered at three different temporal intervals – 6 hourly, hourly, and every 15 minutes, showed that feral cats utilise a Lévy walk-style searching pattern as they move through their home range. Employing a Lévy walk increases the likelihood of encountering prey items that are distributed sparsely in the environment, in turn maximising the potential hunting return for effort expended. These findings will allow managers to adopt a more targeted approach when undertaking feral cat management programs in these habitats by providing information on where to deploy traps, baits or other control measures.

Published
2012

46. Making a New Dog?

Author

NEWSOME, THOMAS M., FLEMING, PETER J. S., DICKMAN, CHRISTOPHER R., DOHERTY, TIM S., RIPPLE, WILLIAM J., RITCHIE, EUAN G., and WIRSING, AARON J.

Published
2017

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