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In this paper, the study is focused on the anti-reflection coatings on silicon solar cells and monocrystalline solar cells. The impact of optical parameters such as refractive index on the reflectivity as well as the impact of the as well as the impact of the diffusion length of the carriers was studied. The calculations performed according to the transfer matrices on the stacking of layers through the diopters have allowed establishing simulations for antireflective multilayer coatings. In our study, the reference wavelength was chosen equal to l= 700 nm, which gives us an optimal refractive index of silicon (n = 3.7838) corresponding to a reflectivity at the surface of 33%. To reduce this high reflectivity, the coating of the surface is a technique used to improve the transmission of the incident luminous flux in the active material and light flux in the active material which is silicon.

In this work, the following materials have been chosen as anti-reflection layer, namely hafnium (HfO2), magnesium fluoride (MgF2), silicon oxynitrides (SiOxNy), silicon oxides (SiOx), silicon nitride (Si3N4) and hydrogenated silicon nitride (SiNx:H). The calculations were made on the basis of values of layer thicknesses and refractive indices that allow the phase and amplitude conditions to be respected and amplitude conditions. Numerical simulations have shown that low reflectivities at the surface of the surface of the plane cell coated with a simple layer, can be obtained. For example, for simple coatings materials based on Si3N4 and HfO2, we obtain a value of reflectivity around 3 and 2 % respectively. The structures with multilayer coatings such as MgF2/SiNx:H/Si, give a reflectivity of around 1 %. Thus, the refraction index of the coating is an important parameter that plays a major parameter that plays a major role in the optical properties of materials. The closer the refractive index is close to the index of the substrate or the layer above the substrate, the higher the reflectivity.