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Panax japonicus has long been utilized as an herbal remedy in Chinese traditional medicine for treating various diseases. In this investigation, we present the environmentally friendly silver nanoparticle (AgNP) synthesis by the aqueous extract of P. japonicas to follow its cardioprotective effects. Through various analytical methods, we identified the nanoparticles (NPs). Our XRD findings revealed the formation of Ag@P. japonicus, while FE-SEM imagery indicated a spherical shape, with NPs measuring less than 40 nm. The UV–Vis and FT-IR spectroscopy confirm the green synthesis of Ag@P. japonicus. In the medicinal section, 45 Wistar rats were utilized. These groups consisted of a normal group, a group that was solely treated with isoproterenol for inducing myocardial infarction, and two groups that were pretreated with AgNPs at different doses for 14 days. These pretreated groups were then challenged with isoproterenol. The expression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and other downstream inflammatory and apoptotic mediators were followed. Additionally, the expression of Keap1, Nrf2, ECG, cardiac markers, and other downstream antioxidant enzymes were assessed. Treatment with AgNPs ameliorated the apoptosis, inflammation, and myocardial autophagy, regulated the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, increased the antioxidant enzyme efficacies, and activated the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. The findings suggest that AgNPs may have a cardioprotective efficacy on myocardial infarction by mitigating the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway, GST, GPx, GSH, SOD, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB, Bax, Bcl2, caspase-9, caspase-3, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Furthermore, the treatment decreased the infarct region size, attenuated the cardiac indicators levels, and mitigated immune cell infiltration and myocardial necrosis.

This study compares two diets, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and a Low-Calorie Diet on Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels and gut microbiota. 120 obese adults were randomly allocated to these three groups: a low-calorie DASH diet, a Low-Calorie diet, or a control group for 12 weeks. Outcomes included plasma TMAO, lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and gut microbiota profiles. After the intervention, the low-calorie DASH diet group demonstrated a greater decrease in TMAO levels (-20 ± 8.1 vs. −10.63 ± 4.6 μM) and a significant decrease in LPS concentration (-19.76 ± 4.2 vs. −5.68 ± 2.3) compared to the low-calorie diet group. Furthermore, the low-calorie DASH diet showed a higher decrease in the Firmicutes and Bactericides (F/B) ratio, which influenced TMAO levels, compared to the Low-Calorie diet (p = 0.028). The current study found the low-calorie DASH diet improves TMAO and LPS in comparison to a Low-Calorie diet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]